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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	east_n	land_n	west_n	1,956	5	9.2663	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16510	A regiment for the sea conteyning most profitable rules, mathematical experiences, and perfect knovvledge of nauigation, for all coastes and countreys: most needefull and necessarie for all seafaring men and trauellers, as pilotes, mariners, marchants. [et] c. Exactly deuised and made by VVilliam Bourne.	Bourne, William, d. 1583.	1574 (1574)	STC 3422; ESTC S104662	95,591	154

being then .4 points to the Eastward of the Sunne whiche is 3. houres the same rule may they in like case obserue when the Moone is paste the full .3 days and .18 houres and also in the middes of the quarters Here followeth a table of Tides FIrst the Moone South or North on Landes ende full Sea. The Moone South and by East at the Gore ende full Sea. The Moone South southwest betwéene holy Iland and Tinemouth full Sea. It floweth betwéene Tinemouth and Flambrough head Southwest and Northeast Moone It floweth betwéene Flambrough head and Bridlington in the bay a South west and by West Moone The Moone in the West Southwest betwéene Bridlington and Laurenas full Sea. It floweth betwéene Laurenas and Cromer all along the well an East and West Moone It floweth betwéene Cromer and Yarmouth rode to Laystow North rode a Southeast Moone It floweth betwéene Laistowe rode and Orfordenas a Southeast and by South Moone It floweth betweene Orford and Orewel wands a South Southeast Moone It floweth betwéene the Nas the Ware head of Colne a South and by East Moone It floweth at the Spittes and at the Sheue and al alongst the Swinne a South Moone At the West end of the Norre a Southe and by West Moone full Sea. It floweth at Grauesend a South Southwest Moone It floweth at London Bridge a Southwest Moone It floweth at the North forlande a South Southeast Moone so alongst the coast till you come to Bechy And in the ofton from the North forland to the South forland it runneth halfe tide And frō the South forland to the Nas the tide runneth halfe tyde halfe quarter And from the Nas to the Fairely it runneth halfe tide and from Fairely to Beche it runneth quarter tide vnder other It floweth to the Weastward of Beche a kenning a Southeast and by South Moone It floweth at Portesmouth a Southe and by East Moone It floweth at S. Elens a South Southeast Moone It floweth on the Sea side of the Iland a Southeast and by South Moone and so on the Lande and at the Needles and runneth quarter tide in the oftonne It floweth at Poole in the hauen a Southeast Moone It floweth at Waymouth an East and West Moone It floweth at Portland a Southeast Moone It floweth from the Weaste parte of Portlande till you come vntoo Plymmouth an East and Weast Moone It floweth on the shoare from Plymmouth to the Lizard a West and by Southe Moone And in the oftonne a Southeast Moone It floweth at Mountes baye an East and Weaste Moone It floweth at Selly a West and by South Moone It floweth at the Landes ende of Goolfe a West Southwest Moone It floweth all alongst the coast vp to Bristowe and the coast of Ireland from Waterford to Kinsale a West and by South Moone Furthermore it floweth for the most part from the poll head of Burdeaux all alongst the coast of Biskey Galiza Portingale till you come to the straightes of Maliga a Southwest and Northeast Moone It floweth at Flushing a Southweast and by Southe Moone It floweth at Anwerp an East and west Moone It floweth all alongest the coast of Flaunders from the Wyldings to Calys a Southe and by East Moone and so runneth halfe a tide vnder the other Nowe heere is one speciall thyng too bée noted and that is thys it floweth one poynte of the compasse more in the Spring streames than it doothe in any of the quarters of the Moone so that it be a riuer where there is any indrafte hauing distaunce from the Sea when there is neyther rage of wyndes nor anye cause eyther too hinder or further the sayde effect As for example thus it floweth at Grauesend at the chaunge of the Moone or full a Southe Southwest Moone But in any of the quarters of the Moone it skante floweth a Southe and by West Moone and this is generally for euer The fourth Chapter treateth of the Sunne moones course in the Zodiack and hovv you shall knovv vvhat houres the Moone shall rise and set at and at what poynte of the compasse vvyth other necessarye thynges FVrthermore the Sunne by hys naturall moouing thoroughe the twelue Signes in the Zodiack in the yeare dothe cause the heigth and lowenesse of his declination whiche is necessarie for the Seafaring men to knowe in whiche declination they do take from equinoctiall to equinoctiall and this is to be noted that as the Sunne hathe declination so in like manner hathe the Moone for by hir declination and the Sunne is knowen the tyme of hir shyning or abiding aboue our horizon The Sunne or Moone in the firste minute of Aries do rise East and set West and shyne .12 houres In the first minute of Taurus they rise néere the Easte Northeast and set néere the West Northwest and shyne .14 houres In the signe of Gemini they rise neere the Northeast and by East and they set néere the Northwest and by West and shyne .16 houres In the signe of Cancer the firste minute they make their greatest declination to the Northwards and they rise neer the Northeast and set neere the Northweast and shyne néere .17 houres In the fyrste minute of Leo discending towardes the equinoctiall as they dyd in Gemini And in the signe of Virgo as they dyd in Taurus And in the firste minute of Libra equinoctiall beginning South declination as in Aries And in the fyrste minute of Scorpio they rise néere the Easte Southeast and sette néere the Weast Southweast and shyne .10 houres In the fyrste minute of Sagittarius they rise neere the Southeast and by East and set néere the Southwest and by weast and shyne .8 houres In the fyrste minute of Capricornus they haue their greatest declinatiō to the South and begin to returne to the equinoctiall rising neere the Southeast and setting néere the Southwest and shyne more than .7 houres In the firste minute of Aquarius as in Sagittarius In the firste minuts of Pisces as in Scorpio Nowe by this rule you may knowe the rising and setting of the Moone for euer as thus I haue shewed you before in the shifting of the Sunne and Moone that for euery day of the age of the Moone the Moone goeth Eastward one point .3 minuts in .2 days .2 points and .6 minuts c. Nowe when you list to knowe the very houre and time of hir rising Looke howe many dayes the Moone is olde then put so many points and so many .3 minutes and looke what it amounteth vnto Which for your better vnderstanding I will shew by example and first of the Moones being South by euery day of the age of the Moone The Moone being one daye olde is South at .12 of the clocke .48 minutes The Moone being .2 dayes olde is South at one of the clocke .36 minuts in the after noone Three days old South at 2. of the clock .24 minuts .4 days olde at .3 of the clock .12

9 18 7 19 4 7 23 25 8 20 47 8 12 0 8 0 58 8 10 50 8 19 34 8 23 26 8 21 6 8 13 7 8 1 52 8 9 46 8 19 18 8 23 26 9 20 34 9 11 39 9 0 34 9 11 11 9 19 48 9 23 27 9 20 55 9 12 48 9 1 28 9 10 2 9 19 32 9 23 27 10 20 22 10 11 18 10 0 10 10 11 31 10 20 0 10 23 28 10 20 44 10 12 28 10 1 4 10 10 24 10 19 46 10 23 27 11 20 9 11 10 57 11 0 14 11 11 51 11 20 12 11 23 28 11 20 32 11 12 8 11 0 41 11 10 45 11 20 0 11 23 28 12 19 56 12 10 35 12 0 38 12 12 12 12 20 25 12 23 28 12 20 21 12 11 47 12 0 18 12 11 7 12 20 13 12 23 28 13 19 43 13 10 13 13 1 50 13 12 33 13 20 37 13 23 27 13 20 9 13 11 28 13 0 6 13 11 28 13 20 26 13 23 28 14 19 28 14 9 51 14 1 24 14 12 52 14 20 48 14 23 27 14 19 56 14 11 7 14 0 30 14 11 49 14 20 37 14 23 27 15 19 13 15 9 28 15 1 48 15 13 12 15 20 58 15 23 26 15 19 43 15 10 46 15 0 53 15 12 10 15 20 50 15 23 26 16 18 59 16 9 6 16 2 12 16 13 32 16 21 9 16 23 25 16 19 30 16 10 26 16 1 17 16 12 31 16 21 1 16 23 25 17 18 44 17 8 44 17 2 35 17 13 51 17 21 20 17 23 24 17 19 16 17 10 4 17 1 40 17 12 51 17 21 12 17 23 24 18 18 29 18 8 21 18 2 59 18 14 11 18 21 30 18 23 21 18 19 2 18 9 43 18 2 4 18 13 11 18 21 23 18 23 21 19 18 14 19 7 59 19 3 22 19 14 29 19 21 39 19 23 18 19 18 48 19 9 21 19 2 26 19 13 31 19 21 33 19 23 18 20 17 57 20 7 36 20 3 46 20 14 47 20 21 48 20 23 14 20 18 34 20 8 59 20 2 50 20 13 51 20 21 43 20 23 13 21 17 41 21 7 14 21 4 9 21 15 5 21 21 57 21 23 11 21 18 19 21 8 37 21 3 13 21 14 11 21 21 52 21 23 9 22 17 25 22 6 51 22 4 32 22 15 24 22 22 5 22 23 7 22 18 4 22 8 16 22 3 37 22 14 30 22 22 1 22 23 6 23 17 7 23 6 28 23 4 55 23 15 41 23 22 14 23 23 2 23 17 48 23 7 56 23 4 0 23 14 50 23 22 11 23 23 0 24 16 50 24 6 5 24 5 19 24 16 0 24 22 22 24 22 56 24 17 33 24 7 33 24 4 23 24 15 9 24 22 19 24 22 54 25 16 32 25 5 41 25 5 41 25 16 18 25 22 29 25 22 51 25 17 19 25 7 11 25 4 46 25 15 27 25 22 27 25 22 49 26 16 14 26 5 18 26 6 3 26 16 34 26 22 35 26 22 46 26 17 2 26 6 49 26 5 9 26 15 46 26 22 34 26 22 43 27 15 56 27 4 55 27 6 27 27 16 50 27 22 41 27 22 39 27 16 45 27 6 26 27 5 32 27 16 4 27 22 41 27 22 35 28 15 38 28 4 3 28 6 50 28 17 6 28 22 48 28 22 32 28 16 28 28 6 3 28 5 55 28 16 22 28 22 48 28 22 28 29 15 18 29 4 8 29 7 13 29 17 22 29 22 54 29 22 ●6 29 16 11 29 5 40 29 6 19 29 16 39 29 22 51 29 22 21 30 15 0       30 7 35 30 17 39 30 22 58 30 22 ●8 30 15 53 30 5 19 30 6 42 30 16 56 30 22 59 30 22 13 31 14 41       31 7 57       31 23 3       31 15 36 31 4 57       31 17 14       31 22 4 ¶ The Balla Stella or Crosse staffe to take the heigth of the Sunne or Starre ¶ The sixt Chapter or rule shevveth hovv to take the heigth of the Sun with the crosse staffe or with the Astrolobe and also how to find the true Meridian with other necessarie matters TO take the true heigth of the Sunne at the Sea the beste way is to doe it wyth the crosse staffe for that the Sea is moueable and causeth the Shippe to heaue and sette little or much And also vpon the crosse staffe the degrees be larger marked than the King or Astrolobe and in a large instrument an errour is seene sooner and better than it is in a small instrument Nowe to take the heigth of the Sunne to knowe thy Altitude of the Pole aboue the Horizon doe this Firste set the Sunne with a compasse to knowe when that the Sunne commeth neare vnto the Meridian as soone as you see that the Sunne is come vnto the South and by East then beginne to take the heigth of the Sunne with the crosse staffe in this manner Put the Transitorie vpon the long staffe then set the end of the long staffe close at the corner of your eye winking with your other eye and remouing the Transitorie forwardes or backwardes vntill you doe see the lower ende of it being iust with the Horizon and the vpper ende of it being iust with the middle of the Sunne both to agree with the Sunne and the Horizon at one time and so haue you the true heigth of the Sunne this done Stil obserue the same vntil you see the Sunne at the highest and beginning to descende and then haue you finished Yet notwithstanding this is to be noted that it is beste to take the heigth of the Sunne with the crosse staffe when the Sunne is vnder 50. degrées in heigthe aboue the Horizon for two causes The one is this till the Sunne be .50 degrées in heigthe the degrees be largely marked vppon the crosse staffe but after the Sunne being aboue .50 degrées high they be lesser marked The other is for that the Sunne being vnder 50. degrees in heigth you may easily take the heigth bycause you may easily sée or viewe the vpper end and the nether end of the crosstaffe bothe at one time but if it dothe excéede .50 degrées then by the meanes of casting your eye vpwardes and downwardes so muche you may soone commit error and then in like manner the degrees be so small marked that if the Sunne dothe passe .50 or .60 degrees in heigth you must leaue the crosse staffe and vse the Mariners King called by them the Astralaby which they ought to call the Astrolobe Nowe to take the heigth of the Sunne with the common King or Astrolobe doe thus The Sunne being as before is declared neare the Meridian or South obserue it vntill you haue the greatest heygth thereof in

I do find the Sunne iust .20 degrées aboue the horizon again then I set the Sun with the compas and do find the Sun to be at .20 degrées in heigth west Southwest so that I see the compas to be varied one point that is to say the North point doth stand North by East c. Another way also to know the true meridian is by the Sun that is to set the Sun with the cōpas at hir greatest heigth aboue the horizon so you shall know whither that cōpas be varied how much looke what is spokē of the Sun by day you may do the like by night by any of the Starres that you perfectly do know doing as you do by the Sun in all points but you cannot do it so well and truly by the Moone by the meanes of the swiftnesse of the moones motiō in the Zodiack you may also find the variatiō of the cōpas by the North Starre as thus set the North Star with the compas if the North point do stande right with the Starre then it is not varied but if it dothe not stande ryghte wyth the Starre then it is varied and that must be done when the .2 Starres of Charles Waine called the pointes be right vnder or right ouer the North Star but if that the Starres be West from the North Starre then the North Starre is the third part of a point vnto the Eastward of the North pole If the .2 Starres of Charles Wayne called the poynters be due east from the North Starre then the North Starre is the third part of a point vnto the westwarde of the North pole c This haue I saide bycause that sometime in sundry places the compasse doth varie especially in the sayling of long viages running East and West called the Northeasting or Northwesting of the compasse therefore I would not wish them to meddle with the mending of their compasse or whetting of the side of the néedell to the end to make it to stand due North but circumspectly to awaite the altering of the compasse and what quantitie it doth alter as you may do very well by the order before rehersed and then let your compasse alone for although that it dothe varie .2 or .3 poynts you may make account according to the variation as thus I admit the Northwest point standeth due North and my course is to go due West I will occupy the Southwest pointe in this case for the west poynte And thus by obseruation and trying of my compasse I care not what point standeth due North for it is all one so that you consider what poynt standeth North. And now furthermore some are of that opinion that by the Northeasting or Northwesting of the compasse you may knowe the Longitude but I am not of that opinion for I admit that it be so as some do affirme that the compasse doth varie as some haue said that is that you being .90 degrées vnto the Westwarde from the place youre compasse was made at youre North poynt should stand Northeast and in like maner you being .90 degrees East your North poynt should stand Norwest then by that order the compasse should vary one poynt at .22 degrées and a halfe and that commeth vnto .450 english leagues if you be néere vnto the equinoctial wherefore no master or pilotte of a shippe doth kéepe so simple account of the shippes way but that he may knowe what distaunce he hath vnto any place better than he shal know by the variing of the compas also whether it be so or not that the cōpas doth keepe any such proportion in the variatiō I do refer that vnto them that haue tried the experience therof for I for my part can say nothing in that matter Wherfore I cease from writing muche thereof althoughe the Sea men be very desirous to haue some way to get the Longitude But if it be true that the compasse doth varie by that proportion then it were very good for them to practise that matter that shoulde make any discouery vnto the Northwardes for that the degrees be so short in those Paralels The seuenth Chapter sheweth how to handle the declination of the Sunne to knovve the altitude of the North pole aboue the horizon the heigth of the Sunne being truely taken and knowen in any place betweene the North pole and the Equinoctiall so that the Sunne be vnto the Southwards of you at the taking of the Sunne vppon the Meridian YOu must consider by the regiment or table of declination going before that the .11 day of Marche the Sunne is equinoctiall entring then the firste point of Aries called the equinoctiall of spring time where she hath no declination The .10 day of Aprill the Sunne entreth into the firste minute of Taurus then hauing declination to the Northwards 11. degrées .30 minuts The .12 day of May the Sunne entreth the first poynte of Gemini hauing then declination .20 degrees .12 minuts The .12 day of Iune the Sunne entreth into Cancer where he making his greatest progresse to the Northwards hath .23 degrées .28 minuts of declination But now in this our time some do affirme it to be .23 degrées and a halfe but it lacketh .2 minuts The .14 day of Iulie the Sunne entreth into Leo comming dounwards to the Equinoctiall hauing .20 degrées .12 minutes of declination The 14. day of August the Sunne entreth into Virgo hauing declination .11 degrees .30 minutes The .14 of September the Sunne entreth into Libra then being Equinoctiall and hauing no declination whiche is called the Equinoctiall of Autumne or haruest where he beginneth his South declination The .14 of October the Sun entreth into Scorpio where his declination is .11 degrees .30 minutes The .12 of Nouember the Sun entreth into Sagittarius his declination being .20 degrées .12 minutes The .12 day of December the Sunne entreth the firste minute of Capricorne where the Sunne making greatest progresse to the Southwards hath of declination .23 degrees and .28 minutes From whence he retourneth to the equinoctiall againe The .11 of Ianuary the Sunne entreth into Aquarius where his declination is 20. degrees .12 minutes The .10 day of February the Sunne entreth into the first minute of Pisces and hath of declination .11 degrees .30 minutes The .11 day of March the Sunne retourneth to the selfe same place that it departed from before wherefore the Egyptians did paint the yeare like to an adder biting hir tayle and not hauing the vse of letters they made a ring and named it annulus as it were annus that is to saye a yeare bycause a ring dothe turne rounde in it selfe as dothe the yeare The heigth of the Sunne béeing knowen you knowing the day of the mooneth and what yeare it is after the Bissextilis must turne to the day of the mooneth in the regiment or table going before where right againste the day of the mooneth you shall

which shall be your Meridian lyne then stryke an other lyne by the Center a crosse that you may deuide the circle into foure equall partes and then for that fourtie fiue degrées is the greatest variation sette fourtie fiue vnto the Easte parte and West parte deuidyng euery one of the quarters of the circle into fourtie fiue equall partes accordyng to the greatest variation then make an other circle of that Diameter that the circumference touche the Center of that Circle and deuide it as you deuide the Compasse after the rate of twoo and thirtie poyntes although you néede not deuide but that side to the Norwardes and then the Northeast and Norwest point will fall vpon fourtie fiue degrées that done drawe lynes accordyng to the poyntes of the Compasse vnto the Eastwardes or Westwardes and looke howe they fall vpon the lyne that commeth from the Center of the other Circle of whiche euery quarter is diuided into fourtie fiue equall partes and then at the very place that the lyne doothe touche drawe paralell lynes in that Circle by proportion at the very place to the Eastewardes or Westwardes that the lyne of the Compasse falleth vpon and that will shewe you iustly howe many degrées you shall transporte your selfe vnto the Eastwardes or Westwardes for the varying of the firste poynte seconde poynte and thirde poynte and in lyke manner the greatest variation whiche is the fourthe poynte So that accordyng to that order it will fall out in this manner that the Compasse will be varied one point at neare eleuen and ⅓ It will be varied two poyntes neare aboute foure and twentie degrées and a halfe It will be varied thrée poyntes at fourtie twoo degrées and aboute a halfe But it will not be varied the fourth point vntill you be full foure score and tenne degrées from the Meridian that the compasse was made at whiche is a very slow varying beyng .47 degrées and ½ before the Compasse dothe varie one poynt and betwéene the thirde poynt and the seconde poynt beyng .18 degrées for the varying of that poynt and then from the seconde poynte vnto the fyrste poynte it is .13 degrées and better and last of all from the varying of one poynt to the Meridian it is .11 degrées and ⅓ parte euery degree beyng according to the parralel you are in which dothe alter according vnto your Latitude from the Equinoctiall for vnder the Equinoctiall it is 60. Englishe miles or .20 English leagues vnto one degrée In the Latitude of .60 degrées from the Equinoctiall there in that parralell it is but .30 myles or .10 Englishe leagues vnto one degrée c. as it is plainely shewed in the .16 chapter of this booke wherein is an instrument shewing you howe many miles of Longitude will answere vnto a degrée in euery seuerall Latitude by the replying of a threed at your discretion so that I conclude if the compas doth varie by that ordre of proportion that Martine Curtise dothe attributs vnto it you may giue a neare ghesse to finde the Longitude by the varying of the compas beyng neare vnto the Meridian that the compas was made for But if you be very farre from the Meridian that the compas was made for then the variation is so slowe that you can haue no iudgement at all by the variation of the compas to finde any Longitude And furthermore if the compas dothe varie by that proportion that Martine Curtise doth affirme I am of that opinion that there may growe some errour in proportion in those compasses that are made for any Meridian for those compasses that are made here with vs in Englande whereof the needle dothe stande .4 or .5 degrées vnto the Eastwards of the North as doth appeare by all the néedles made for dials also in the compasses if they would haue the North point to stande due North then the ende of the wyers vnder the carde of the compasse should stande foure or fiue degrees vnto the Eastwards of the Flouredeluce wherefore it may be doubted that the compasse maye varie more the one way than it will the other way by that proportion that the ende of the wyre dothe stande beside from the North poynt For if in the greatest variation the ende of the wyre vnder the carde of the compasse doth stande Northwest the flouredeluce of the compasse should stande neare halfe a poynt to the Westwards of the Northwest And in like maner at the greatest variation if the ende of the wyre doth stande Northeast then the Flouredeluce should stande neare halfe a poynt vnto the Northwards of the Northeast c. And furthermore heere is one thing that I could neuer vnderstande the truthe of and yet I haue oftentimes demaunded the question of dyuers that haue beene in the West part in the bay of America and that is this Whether in the compasse there made or in the dials that are there made the endes of the Nedles doe stande due North or not and yet it hath not beene my chaūce to méete with any that can tell For if it be so that those Nedles that are there touched doe stande due North th●n it were very good for them that should occupie long trauerse vnto the Westwarde or Eastwarde to haue diuers compasses ready made with the Néedle of them vntouched and to carie a good Lodestone with them to touche those compasses when the compasse hath the greatest variation It is good for these two causes the one cause it is the better to direct your course by But this cause is very speciall to giue a neare gesse of the Longitude that is to say the compasse will varie more quickly according to the order before written by which you see they may transporte them selues further vnto the Eastwards or Westwardes before that the compasse dothe varie one poynt than it dothe for the other three poynts so that they are not able to giue any estimation at all by the varying of the compasse to knowe any Longitude for that they may trauel more than the quarter of the circumference of the earth before the compasse will be varied one poynt backewardes and forwardes And I do very muche maruell at this considering how many times English men haue bene in the west Indies that I can meete with no man that can tell whether the needels of the Dials or compasses made there do stande due Northe or not whiche is a thing that may be easily knowne For the needels of the Dials it is s●ene séene and in like maner of the Compasses for if the Néedle of the Compasses there made will not stande due North then it is reformed vpon the Carde of the flye of the Compasse as if the North ende of the wyers doe stande north-Northeast then they wil set north-Northeast ouer it euen as we doe set the ende of the wyers of the Compasses with vs made neare halfe a poynt to the Eastwardes of the Northe c. And furthermore it