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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	draw_v	line_n	perpendicular_a	3,095	5	14.0786	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A77798	Anthropometamorphosis: = man transform'd: or, the artificiall changling historically presented, in the mad and cruell gallantry, foolish bravery, ridiculous beauty, filthy finenesse, and loathsome loveliness of most nations, fashioning and altering their bodies from the mould intended by nature; with figures of those transfigurations. To which artificiall and affected deformations are added, all the native and nationall monstrosities that have appeared to disfigure the humane fabrick. With a vindication of the regular beauty and honesty of nature. And an appendix of the pedigree of the English gallant. Scripsit J.B. cognomento chirosophus. M.D.	J. B. (John Bulwer), fl. 1648-1654.; Fathorn, William, 1616-1691, engraver.; Cross, Thomas, fl. 1632-1682.	1653 (1653)	Wing B5461; Thomason E700_1; ESTC R202040	309,892	550

if he can find no other remedy he sends him into the field to fight with the Enemy to the end that venting his violence and phantasticalnesse abroad he may have plenary power to Tyrannize at home at his pleasure God is angry with us that we should at the same time reforme that which he himselfe had framed A long thin Face where affected and conforme ourselves to that which we had deformed The beauty of the Face of man is much advanced and heightned by the Cavities and Eminencies thereof that as the greater world is called Cosmus from the beauty thereof the inequality of the Centre thereof contributing much to the beauty and delightsomenesse of it so in this Map or little world of beauty in the face the inequality affords the prospect and delight These Face-moulders then who affect a platter-Face not only in their endeavour overthrow the lawfull proportion of the Face but demolish the most apparant eminency and extant majesty thereof Purch Pilgr 3. In some of the Provinces of China they have square faces The naturall and comely face of man agreeable to proportion and according to Humane Nature is that the longitude thereof in a youthfull and faire body should be the tenth part of the whole body according to longitude to this longitude there must a convenient latitude answer For so much as is from the middle of the Eye-brow to the end of the exterior Angle where the eye ends so much it is thence to the hole of the Eare wherefore the Latitude of the Face compared with the Longitude which begins from the root of the haire above the Forehead and is produced even unto the end of the Chin should be in a sesquitertia proportion to wit as foure to three But if you only contemplate the Diameters of Longitude and Latitude of a mans Face you shall find a sesquialtera proportion and the longitude to latitude shall be as three to two which thus you shall understand Let there fall a perpendicular line from the first root of the haire above the Forehead Men with Dogs Faces which shall descend to the end of the Chin afterwards draw another line which beginning at the end of both Temples penetrating through the middle of the head shall cut the former line in right angles that line which is drawn from the top to the bottom of the Chin shall be in a sesquialtera proportion to that which is carried from the right hand to the left cutting it in right angles so that it is the best and most naturall proportion that the Longitude of the Face should to its Latitude appeare in a sesquialtera proportion Now it is an observation worth the inserting that the Chin is correspondent to the Symetry of the other members of the Body but that which seemes the greater marvell is that the formall appearance of the face is generically reposed in the Chin alone for if that be square long or round so the Face of it selfe answers insomuch as the Chin is that which makes the finall judgement of the Face of man Now if these be Face-Moulders as it is much to be suspected they are it may be they have some artifice to dilate the Chin thereby prophaning the Symetry of Nature and striving by Art to force and pervert the Face from its just proportion bringing the Latitude thereof either to equall or exceed the Longitude while they to the great dishonour of Nature affect a square Geometricall Face Petrus Simon in his expedition which Iohannes Alvarez Maldonatus made from Guzco to discover new Countries found Giants of five ells high with a kind of a Dogs Countenance Certainly these Nations have a great conceit of their inventions who contemne the ordinary guizes of Nature making themselves extravagant and as the Antipodes to mankind Carbonado'd Faces They being none of the best who abandon Nature to follow their own unreasonable imaginations We naturally have much aversion from persons mishapen and deformed though it have not befallen them through their own default How then can we look without detestation upon them who purchase these defects by a voluntary depravation These so change the face of the Vniverse that they may passe for monsters for beasts but not for men so that it hereby appeares most true that there is nothing so changeable in totall Nature or so hard to be known as man The Anchicos Cap. Jo. Smiths Travels a valiant Nation in Africa marke their faces with sundry slashes from their Infancy The Jaos marke themselves to be known from Hack●luyt● Voyages vol. 2 other People Face-Branders with the tooth of a small beast like a Rat. They race their Faces some their Bodies after divers formes as if it were with the scratch of a pin the print of which rasure can never be done away againe during life Sir John Mandevils Travels cap. 55. In the Isle called Somober the which is a good Isle there the men and women that are of the Nobility are marked in the Visage with a hot Iron that they may be known from others for they thinke themselves the worthiest of the world Pigafetta his reports of the Kingdome of Congo Draudius Comment in Solin Centon The Anzich have this foolish custome both men and women as well of the Nobility as of the Commonalty even from their childhood to marke their Faces with sundry slashes made with a knife Fox of the Northwest passages In Groanland the women herein only differ from the men that they have blew streakes down the Cheekes and about the Eyes Some of them race Cheekes Chins and Faces whereupon they lay a colour like darke azure In that part of Groanland which is called the womens Island the women are marked in the Face with divers black streakes or lines the skin having been raised with some sharpe Instrument when they were young and black colour put therein so grown in that by no meanes it can be got forth Purch Pilgr 4. lib ● In Tiembus the women are deformed with torne faces and alwaies bloudy which is their beauty The Inhabitants of Tuppanbasse neare Brasil Idem Pilgr 6. lib. 4. how many men these Salvages kill so many holes they will have in their Visage beginning first in their neather Lip then in their Cheekes thirdly in both their Eyebrows and lastly in their Eares and this is their cruell Gallantry The Virginian women pounce and rase their Faces and whole Bodies with a sharp iron Purch Pilgr 6. lib. 9. which makes a stampe in curious knots and drawes the proportions of Fowles Fishes or Beasts then with painting of sundry lively colours they rub it into the stamp which will never be taken away because it is dried into the flesh Idem Pilgr 2. lib. 7. The Egyptian Moores both men and women for love of each other distaine their Chins into knots and flowers of blew made by the pricking of the skin with needles and rubbing

themselves and have painted their Faces and have put on their faire Ornaments The Queen Jesabel doing the same 2 Kin. 9.30 was for all that cast down out of a window Some Fucus allowable and bare the punishment of her wicked life Yet we cannot say that it is absolutely unlawfull to use any Fucus especially when any foule blemish doth disgrace the forme of modest Virgins or Matrons and we know Physitians are sometimes constrained to satisfie the desires of honourable Ladies and great Persons whom as Galen saith we may not deny And indeed somewhat is to be allowed to women who are studious of their beauty and desire a nitor and certain● splendour of Countenance and therefore either to repaire the injuries of aire or any other losse and dammage that hath happened to the Face or what is wanting to the emendation of the Elegancy of the Epidermis or skin of the Visage is no trespasse against Piety but may be honestly endeavoured by a Physitian since this induceth no Fucus but restores the naturall nitor of the Body upon whatsoever cause it is lost and therefore it is granted to women especially who since they were somewhat inferiour to men in prudence strength of Body and fortitude and other things instead thereof as Anacreon interpreted sings Natura donat illis Decoram habere formam Pro parmulisque cunctis Pro Lanceisque cunctis Nam flamma cedit illis Ferrumque si qua pulchra est And since Plato in Phaedro cals Beauty the most illustrious and amiable of all things and that a faire Face is illustrious with a kind of Divine Forme it is worthy of preservation and a faire restitution Women out in their Cosmetiques And indeed it belongeth to the corrective part of Medicine to reduce a superficies that is preternaturall for an inequality in the superficies belongs to Decoration as when any spot is in the Face from the Nativity it belongs to the Corrector to make this superficies beautifull and to correct it as women who have native spots in their face Mont. medi● par 2. which the Moderns call Stercus Daemonum which proceed from a thin and adurent bloud therefore it is the Office of the Corrector to correct those spots in them that have contracted them But the practice of woman in this case is not laudable nor agreeable to the corrective Art of Medicine for your women in your Cosmetique usurpations use only those things which constipate refrigerate repercuss to remove them from the Superficies to the Center whereas they should also use those things which are abstersive and mundifying But because things abstersive and mundifying introduce a scurfe women will not endure this way of Reduction to the naturall state of perfection But as the needlesse assumption and affectation of such Artifice is absurd and no way pleasing to Nature so too much curiosity in such matters is naught and reprovable And to take in what a grave and learned Divine hath Dr Donne Serm. 20. in concurring with the purpose of God in dignifying the Body we may exceed and go beyond Gods purpose God would not have the Face mangled and torne but then he would not have it varnished with forreine Complexions it is ill when it is not our own bloud that appeares in our Cheeks it may do some ill offices of bloud it may tempt but it gives over when it should do a good office of bloud it cannot blush God would not have us disfigure our Face with sad Countenances in fasting and other Disciplines Painting when sinfull nor would have us go about to marre his worke or to do his last work which he hath reserved to himselfe in Heaven here upon earth that is to glorifie our Bodies with such Additions here as though we would need no Glorification there But concerning this kind of transgression against the honesty and truth of Nature or rather the sinfulnesse of it Cajetan is of an opinion that as a woman may conserve her naturall beauty without sin so she may also preserve it by Art by adhibiting the vertues of Fucusses Pigments and other paintings so it do not intend an evill end it is a fiction and vanity somewhat excusable Whereas it is concluded a mortall sin for any to sell such disguising trash to those they know will abuse it for an evill end And in this regard some Divines will not allow so much as palliation of any deformity in the Face which hath proceeded from licentiousnesse and intemperance or that they should be disguised by unnaturall helps to the drawing in of others and the continuation of their former sins The sin it selfe was the Divels act in thee but in the Deformity that follows upon the sin God hath a hand and they that suppresse and smother these by paintings and unnaturall helps to unlawfull ends do not deliver themselves of the plague but they do hide the markes and infect others and wrastle against Gods notifications of their former sins The invention of which Act of Palliation of an ascititious deformity against Gods indigitation of sin is imagined one reason of the invention of black Patches wherein the French shewed their witty pride which could so cunningly turne Botches into Beauty and make uglinesse handsome yet in point of Phantasticalnesse we may excuse that Nation Musitians Face Deformers as having taken up the fashion rather for necessity than novelty in as much as those French Pimples have need of a French Plaister But vocall Musique performed by Instruments which Nature hath invented for delight ought not to be set at naught for the same or peradventure no reason at all as it is by the Stoick morall Philosophers For the Wind-Musique doth not deforme the Visage it reformes yea conformes it and the vocall which is correspondent to the hearing altereth the proportion of the Face to conforme it to the Eye the one requires setlednesse to be well looked upon and the other receives its perfections from motion one unfolds the Beauty of the Visage the other both laies open and accompanies the sweetnesse of the voice where there is a sound Motion hath necessarily proceeded and the motion is with measure if the sound be harmonious Sometimes also it is voluntary accompanied with the Head Eyes and Mouth and with delight though without necessity if it be with proportion That motion which offends produces no harmonious sound or doth not accompany it proportionably SCENE XVI Long-necked Nations Nationall Monstrosities appearing in the Necke PEtrus Damianus Damianus libello de mirac Arch-Bishop of Ravenna and Cardinall relates that Robert King of France married a Kinswoman of his by whom he had a Son with a Gooses neck and head whereupon by a common consent of the French Bishops they were excomunicated the King compelled by these streights takes better Counsell and renouncing his incestuous Bed entred into lawfull marriage with another Beyond the streights of Magellan Pigafetta reports to

Sand to put the Foreskin into when it is cut off then the Circumciser unswathes the Child Mahometan Circumcision and some use to have silver pinsers with which they take up as much as they meane to cut off of the Foreskin then doth he take his Razor and cut off that thicker skin of the Prepuce and afterwards with his thumbe naile he rends in pieces that other thinner skin that remains The people that are present forthwith presage unto him that it will be much advantagious to his marriage in the meane time the Circumciser going on in his businesse with his mouth sucketh the bloud which abundantly floweth from the wound doing this two or three times and so spitting it forth into a bowle of Wine with which he afterwards in naming the Child besprinkleth his Face Then doth he clap upon the wound some Sanguis Draconis powder of Corall and other restringent things wrapping it about with plaisters of oyle of Roses and so binding it up close the Child is swathed againe the Child useth to have his wound healed in a short space and it is never above twenty foure houres in healing Solin Com. Draudius The People of Loango in the Province of Congo are Circumcised after the manner of the Hebrews Munst Cosmog lib. 5. cap. 76. The Mahometans also are circumcised but it is thought that Mahomet in the Alcoran commanded Circumcision not as any point of Religion but for meere superstition or as some say lest there should remaine some filth under the Prepuce after his Followers had washed themselves Munster describes the Turkish Circumcision after this manner Munst Cosmog lib. 4. cap. 78. a precious Banquet being prepared and their Friends thereunto invited to the Parents house The difference of the Mahometans and Jews Circumcision afterwards while they are at Banquet and during the Feast the Boy to be Circumcised is brought in whose Nut the Physitian doth uncover laying hold of the replicated skin with a paire of Pincers then to take away all feare from the Child he saies he will performe the Circumcision the next day but in the interim on a sudden he cuts off the Prepuce applying a little salt to the wound afterward he is led into the Bath with great Pompe This is celebrated at the seventh or eighth yeare of the childs Age who had before received his name at his Birth This Circumcision of Turkes is somewhat more favourable and not so deeply performed as the Judaicall A reverend ingenious Friend of mine who had been present and seen the manner of their Circumcision informes me that the Circumciser drawes the Prepuce a little over the end of the Nut and then laying hold of that part which is brought quite over with a paire of Pincers he cutteth it off with a knife and throws it into a Chafendish of Coales which stands by him afterwards with a certaine powder he cures the wound The Jews that dwell in Turky are for a note of distinction not only somewhat more largely circumcised but at their Circumcision the Prepuce in Dorso penis is a little slit up with the Priests naile and by this marke they use to distinguish a dead Jew from a Mahometan and to afford them differing Burials The Mahometans of Africa do excise themselves because a Prophet named Homer commanded them The manner of Circumcision at Ginney and Binney And there are women that have this office of cutting them but practice it not in the presence of men which Act is thought well of in the women and they go crying in the streets of Towns and Villages to make known what they can do carrying themselves so wisely in the deed that they cut but little of the superficies for otherwise there would follow a great flux of bloud In Madagascar they are circumcised but as Mahometans About the sixth yeare of their Age. The Circumcision that they use at Ginney and Binney is as is conceived done for a naturall end the Ceremony being performed in the morning when the Sun is some two houres high Mr Jobson in his discovery of these Countries relateth the ceremony after this manner there was a Messenger came to entreat us to send Samgulley a Negro Boy of ours that was taken from us to be circumcised a white cloath and that he would pray us to come and see him As soone as we came he was brought forth into the open field betweene the houses and the place where they remained who were cut the day before he had taken away his cloaths they brought him ashore in which was a Shirt Breeches and a Cap of strip'd stuffe after the greatest fashion of the Countrey and only brought him with a white cloath close about him Whereas we did expect some great ceremony after a religious manner to be performed He was first set down upon a little mole-hill divers people comming forth to see him amongst the which were most women who stood directly a little distance off looking on the Master of the Town was likewise there A history of Circumcision at Ginney and three of us amongst which our Chirurgion was one to comfort him not to feare he was very confident entreating me to lay my hand upon his shoulder from amongst the Blacks came forth an ordinary man with a short knife in his hand which he whetted as he came like one of our Butchers unto a Beast and causing the Boy to stand up he tooke off his cloaths giving it to a stander by to hold so as he was starke naked and set his hands upon his sides being neither bound nor held Howbeit there were some by who offered to hold his Armes but because he promised not to move they let him alone the Executioner taking hold of his Members drawing the skin over very far as we conceived cut him largely and had three severall cuts afore he had done whereat the Boy shrunk very little in so much as the Master of the Town who stood by told us he had very seldome seen any abide it with so great a courage to our thinking it was exceeding fearefull and full of terrour insomuch as I told the Doer in a very angry manner he had utterly spoyled him when he ask'd wherein I reply'd in cutting him so deep His answer was it is so much the better for him and without any curiosity taking up his cloath shewed his own members that it might appeare he was cut as far howbeit my distaste was such upon him that I could not yeeld to give him any thing in the way of gratuity to wash his hands withall and as the manner of the Country is to do by such as are Friends to the party circumcised the thing performed the Boyes white cloath was cast over him Privileges affected to Circumcision and by two men which held his armes he was hurried apace to the same quarter where the other that were cut remained We made first a request that

they would let us go along to the place with him and were going with some of the people but presently in haste overtooke us foure ancient men who did not only stay our going but made shew of much displeasure to such as were going with us and would by no meanes suffer that we should come amongst them then we desired we might have the Boy along with us telling them we had better meanes to cure him and to make him sooner well than they had shewing our Chirurgion unto them who they knew had healed wounds and sores amongst them but we could not prevaile by the interposing of these ancient men some of the rest seeming to consent unto us So as we were there driven to leave our Boy who amongst the rest of his Consorts had without doubt no other Chirurgery to cure his tender maladie but only to attend the expectation of time who by the help of their youth and nature might weare is out which appeares the rather to us in regard at these times there is unto these youths allowed a certaine licentious liberty whereby they may steale and take away peoples hens or poultry nay from the Fulbies a Biefe or cattle to eat and banquet withall amongst themselves without any offence to the Laws or Government of the Countrey which at other times is strict in that behalfe thereby animating and encouraging their spirits to more alacrity and according to the condition of their wanton Age The Ginnie Circumcision by these stoln delights to draw the more willingly to the thing and make the time of their recovery lesse tedious unto themselves and discourageable to others And if I might be worthy to deliver my opinion considering this their Circumcision as I have carefully observed I should conclude it were done out of meere necessity as a Morall Law for the preservation of their lives and healths and so found out by their precedent Ancestors and by strict observations laid peremptorily upon them wherein I shall submit my selfe in the account I could give to more able judgements only this you may please to note that it is done without any religious Ceremony and the word in their Language is expressed unto us by no other signification than cutting of pricks and this is done in certaine bigger Townes of the Countrey whether the smaller Towns and Habitations make their resorts bringing their Youth to be all cut together Now from the place where they that were cut were kept all together there proceeded a great noise of Voices as also drumming and thumping more clamorously demanding what it meant I was answered in that place remained those Youths that were cut and they were to continue untill such time as they were recovered of their sorenesse and that the greatnesse of the noise did come from those people who kept them company which were the younger sort of people above their Age who had already past and received their Circumcision A new way of Circumcision Alex. Benedict lib. 1. cap. 34. de curand morb The Assyrians indeed have a new way as it were by strangulation when they would Circumcise great youths or men that they may not feele the paines they lay them upright in a Bath and comprehend the veines about the throat whereupon sense and motion are intercepted and so they cut off their privities as apopecticall parts of the body Thus the superstitious and pragmaticall wit of man hath ventured upon many conceited waies of Transgression to introduce an Artificiall deformity upon this part by an untoward deprivation of an ornamentall portion yet I confesse Anatomists are not very well agreed about the Naturall use thereof Vnlesse I be deceived saith Galen the Prepuce was only for beauty yet in another place he adds for an operiment because there is no great necessity of it which appeares out of experience for your Jews were as the Mahohometans are fruitfull although they be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Apella Ulmus thinks the skin of the Prepuce a great beauty as may be seene by the deformity of the Ape and they who say it was ordained for ornament do it not without good reason because upon the more dishonest part God and Nature or rather the God of Nature hath put the more honour that is the more covering Saint Ambrose therefore cannot be understood in a litterall sense where he saith that the Fore-skin was cut off that those which were the more ignoble members should put on and be surrounded with more comlinesse and honesty 'T is true one may be borne Circumcised by Nature and they write that Sem was so borne of which assertion there is no ground this naturall Circumcision is very rare but when the Prepuce is drawn back by Nature that it cannot cover the Glans or Nut The inconveniences of Circumcision this affection is called Capistratio This Fore-skin in the end of it sometimes is so contracted and drawn together that it cannot be drawn back or the Nut discovered without the help of a Chyrurgion Yet neither of these misprisions of Nature in this Organicall part are to be endeavoured by Art in a foolish imitation since Art was rather intended for the reformation of such unnaturall accidents Againe this Cutis Epiphisis as Galen cals it in Latine preputium or the Fore-skin à putando was devised that the Glans or Nut of the Yard or virile member might be kept smooth soft and glib it being a covering which ariseth from the skin of the Yard is brought forward and againe reflected and returned But when the Nut is uncovered that it might recover its cover againe this Prepuce is tyed in the lower part with a membranous band or tye which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 vinculum caninum the Latines frenum in English the Bridle Archangelus cals it a Ligament This is that which bridleth or reineth up the Fore-skin on the lower side to the top of the Nut by that naturall signature exhibiting a cautionary prevention and the dislike of Nature of any of this kind of uncomely baldnesse So that these recited conveniences of Nature and others also are meerely lost by this Artifice and that cleannesse of any which they acquire by Circumcision is but a supposed benefit not worth so shamefull and odious an endeavour Pars insuper praeputii prominentior propendens in coitu nunc sursum nunc deorsum fertur ut hoc attritu magis incalescat cum mulierum voluptate tentigine cujus contentationis fruitione per hanc injuriosam inventionem defraudantur The injury of Circumcision For the shortnesse of the Prepuce is reckoned among the organicall diseases of the Yard whether it be originall or assititious by an Artificiall procision of it And although neither of these kinds of brevity doth incommodate the action of the Yard which is extention and ejaculation of the seed or prejudice fruitfulnesse Tamen Circumcisio aliquid à voluptate sexus alterius detrahit