but_o no_o thickness_n who_o bound_n be_v line_n as_o a_o be_v a_o superficies_n or_o plain_n contain_v in_o these_o line_n bc_n de_fw-fr bd_o ce_fw-fr which_o have_v length_n from_o b_o to_z c_z and_o breadth_n from_o b_o to_z d_o but_o no_o thickness_n when_o these_o bound_a line_n be_v measure_v and_o the_o content_a of_o the_o superficies_n cast_v up_o the_o result_n be_v call_v the_o area_n or_o superficial_a content_n of_o that_o figure_n example_n suppose_v the_o line_n bc_n to_o be_v twelve_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o the_o line_n bd_o to_o be_v four_o foot_n long_o they_o multiply_v together_o make_v 48_o therefore_o i_o say_v 48_o square_a foot_n be_v the_o area_n or_o superficial_a content_n of_o that_o figure_n a_o diagonal_a line_n be_v a_o line_n run_v through_o a_o square_a figure_n divide_v it_o into_o two_o triangle_n begin_v at_o one_o angle_n of_o the_o square_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o opposite_a angle_n in_o the_o square_n abcd_v ad_fw-la be_v the_o diagonal_a line_n chap._n iii_o geometrical_a problem_n prob._n i._n how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o a_o line_n give_v the_o line_n give_v be_v ab_fw-la and_o at_o the_o point_n c_o it_o be_v require_v to_o erect_v a_o line_n which_o shall_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la open_v your_o compass_n to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o they_o in_o the_o point_n c_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o line_n at_o e_o and_o also_o at_o d_o then_o take_v off_o your_o compass_n open_v they_o a_o little_a wide_o than_o before_o and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n d_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_a ff_n then_o without_o alter_v your_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n e_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n gg_n last_o lay_v your_o ruler_n to_o the_o point_n c_o and_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n gg_n and_o ff_n which_o be_v at_o h_n and_o draw_v the_o line_n hc_n you_o have_v your_o desire_n hc_fw-la be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la see_v it_o here_o do_v again_o after_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n but_o may_v perhaps_o be_v plain_a for_o your_o understanding_n prob._n two_o how_o to_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o line_n ab_fw-la be_v the_o line_n give_v and_o at_o b_o it_o be_v require_v to_o erect_v the_o perpendicular_a bc._n if_o you_o have_v room_n you_o may_v extend_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la to_o what_o length_n you_o please_v and_o work_v as_o above_o but_o if_o not_o then_o thus_o you_o may_v do_v it_o open_v your_o compass_n to_o a_o ordinary_a extent_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n b_o let_v the_o other_o fall_n at_o adventure_n no_o matter_n where_o in_o reason_n as_o at_o the_o point_n ☉_o then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n ☉_o and_o with_o the_o other_o across_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la as_o at_z d_o also_o on_o the_o other_o side_n describe_v the_o arch_n e_o then_o lay_v your_o ruler_n to_o d_o and_o ☉_o draw_v the_o prick_a line_n d_o ☉_o f._n last_o from_o the_o point_n b_o you_o begin_v at_o through_o the_o interjection_n at_o g_o draw_v the_o line_n b_o g_o c_o which_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la another_o way_n to_o do_v the_o same_o i_o think_v more_o easy_a though_o indeed_o almost_o the_o same_o let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o give_v line_n by_o the_o perpendicular_a require_v set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o b_o and_o with_o the_o other_o at_o any_o ordinary_a extent_n describe_v the_o arch_n cefd_n then_o keep_v your_o compass_n at_o the_o same_o extent_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o arch_n at_o e_o also_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o e_o make_v another_o mark_n at_o f_o then_o open_v your_o compass_n or_o else_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n which_o you_o please_v set_v one_o foot_n in_o e_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n gg_n also_o set_v one_o point_n in_o f_o make_v the_o arch_a hh_n then_o draw_v a_o line_n through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o arch_n g_o and_o h_o to_o the_o point_n first_o propose_v b_o you_o have_v the_o perpendicular_a line_n ib_n prob._n iii._o how_o from_o a_o point_n assign_v to_o let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o a_o line_n give_v the_o line_n give_v be_v ab_fw-la the_o point_n be_v at_o c_o from_o which_o it_o be_v desire_v to_o draw_v a_o line_n down_o to_o ab_fw-la that_o may_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o it_o first_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o point_n c_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n upon_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la as_o at_o d_o and_o also_o at_o e_z then_o open_v your_o compass_n wide_a or_o shut_v they_o close_o either_o will_v do_v set_v one_o foot_n in_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n at_o d_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_a gg_n the_o like_a do_v at_o e_o for_o the_o arch_a hh_n last_o from_o the_o point_n assign_v through_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n gg_n and_o hh_n draw_v the_o perpendicular_a line_n cf._n this_o be_v no_o more_o but_o the_o first_o problem_n reverse_v the_o same_o you_o may_v do_v by_o the_o second_o problem_n viz._n let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a nigh_o the_o end_n of_o a_o give_v line_n prob._n four_o how_o to_o divide_v a_o line_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n ab_fw-la be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o divide_v it_o into_o 6_o equal_a part_n make_v at_o the_o point_n b_o a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o ab_fw-la as_o bc_n do_v the_o same_o at_o a_o the_o contrary_a way_n as_o you_o see_v here_o open_v your_o compass_n to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n and_o upon_o the_o line_n bc_n and_o ad_fw-la mark_v out_o five_o equal_a part_n for_o it_o must_v be_v always_o one_o less_o than_o the_o number_n you_o intend_v to_o divide_v the_o line_n into_o which_o part_v you_o may_v number_v as_o you_o see_v here_o those_o upon_o one_o line_n one_o way_n and_o the_o other_o the_o contrary_a way_n the_o lay_v your_o ruler_n from_o no._n 1._o on_o the_o line_n bc_n to_o no._n 1._o on_o the_o line_n ad_fw-la it_o will_v intersect_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la at_o e_z which_o you_o may_v mark_v with_o your_o pen_n and_o the_o distance_n between_o b_o and_z e_z be_v one_o six_o part_n of_o the_o line_n so_o proceed_v on_o till_o you_o come_v to_o no._n 5._o and_o then_o you_o will_v find_v that_o you_o have_v divide_v the_o give_v line_n into_o six_o equal_a part_n as_o require_v prob._n v._n how_o to_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o any_o other_o angle_n give_v the_o angle_n give_v be_v a_o and_o you_o be_v desire_v to_o make_v one_o equal_a to_o it_o draw_v the_o right_a line_n bc_n then_o go_v to_o the_o angle_n a_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o point_n h_o and_o with_o the_o other_o at_o what_o distance_n you_o please_v describe_v the_o arch_n ik_fw-mi then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o draw_v the_o like_a arch_n as_o fg_v after_o that_o measure_n with_o your_o compass_n how_o far_o it_o be_v from_o k_o to_o i_o and_o the_o same_o distance_n set_v down_o upon_o the_o arch_n from_o g_o towards_o f_z which_o will_v fall_v at_o e_o after_o draw_v the_o line_n bed_n and_o you_o have_v do_v prob._n vi_fw-la how_o to_o make_v line_n parallel_v to_o each_o other_o ab_fw-la be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n unto_o it_o set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n at_o or_o near_o the_o end_n of_o the_o give_v line_n as_o at_o c_o and_o with_o the_o other_o describe_v the_o arch_n ab_fw-la do_v the_o same_o near_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o same_o line_n and_o through_o the_o utmost_a convex_a of_o those_o two_o arch_n draw_v the_o parallel_n line_n c._n d._n prob._n seven_o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o another_o line_n which_o must_v also_o pass_v through_o a_o point_n assign_v let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o give_v line_n c_o the_o point_n through_o which_o the_o require_a parallel_n line_n must_v pass_v set_a one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o c_o and_o close_v they_o so_o that_o they_o will_v just_o touch_v and_o no_o more_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la describe_v the_o arch_n aa_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o give_v line_n set_v one_o foot_n and_o describe_v another_o arch_n as_o at_o d_o then_o through_o the_o assign_a point_n and_o the_o utmost_a convex_a of_o the_o last_o arch_n draw_v the_o require_a line_n cd_o
which_o be_v parallel_n to_o ab_fw-la and_o pass_v through_o the_o point_n c._n prob._n viij_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n three_o line_n be_v give_v you_o let_v the_o three_o line_n give_v be_v 1_o 2_o 3_o the_o question_n be_v how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n of_o they_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o either_o of_o the_o three_o in_o this_o example_n let_v it_o be_v that_o no._n 1._o viz._n the_o long_a and_o lay_v it_o down_o as_o hereunder_o from_o a_o to_o b_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n 2_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n c_o also_o take_v the_o length_n of_o the_o last_o line_n 3._o place_n your_o compass_n at_o a_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n d_o which_o will_v intersect_v the_o arch_a cat_n the_o point_n e_o from_o which_o point_n of_o intersection_n draw_v line_n to_o ab_fw-la which_o shall_v constitute_v the_o triangle_n aeb_fw-mi the_o line_n ab_fw-la be_v equal_a to_o the_o line_n no._n 1_o be_v to_o no._n 2_o ae_n to_o no._n 3._o prob._n ix_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n equal_a to_o a_o triangle_n give_v and_o every_o way_n in_o the_o same_o proportion_n first_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o the_o angle_n at_o a_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o prob._n v._n then_o make_v the_o line_n ad_fw-la and_o ae_n equal_a to_o ab_fw-la and_o ac_fw-la draw_v the_o line_n de._n or_o otherwise_o you_o may_v do_v it_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o prob._n viij_o prob._n x._o how_o to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n let_v a_o be_v a_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n each_o side_n of_o which_o shall_v just_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o line_n a._n first_o lay_v down_o the_o length_n of_o your_o line_n a_o as_o ab_fw-la second_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a of_o the_o same_o length_n at_o b._n three_o take_v the_o length_n of_o either_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a line_n with_o your_o compass_n and_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o describe_v the_o arch_n ee_fw-mi do_v the_o like_a at_o a_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a ff_n four_o draw_v line_n from_o a_o and_o c_o into_o the_o point_n of_o intersection_n and_o the_o square_n be_v finish_v prob._n xi_o how_o to_o make_v a_o parallelogram_n or_o long_o square_a this_o be_v much_o like_o the_o former_a admit_v two_o line_n be_v give_v you_o as_o 1_o 2_o and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o make_v a_o parallelogram_n of_o they_o what_o a_o parallelogram_n be_v you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o definition_n first_o lay_v down_o your_o long_a line_n as_o ab_fw-la upon_o the_o end_n of_o which_o erect_v a_o perpendicular_a line_n equal_a in_o length_n to_o your_o short_a line_n and_o so_o proceed_v as_o you_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o forego_n problem_n prob._n twelve_o how_o to_o make_v a_o rhombus_fw-la first_o make_v a_o angle_n suppose_v acb_n no_o matter_n how_o great_a or_o small_a but_o be_v sure_o let_v the_o two_o line_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o one_o of_o those_o two_o line_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o a_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a bb_n also_o set_v one_o foot_n in_o b_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_a cc._n last_o draw_v line_n and_o it_o be_v finish_v two_o equilateral_a triangle_n be_v a_o rhombus_fw-la a_o rhomboide_n differ_v just_a so_o much_o and_o no_o more_o from_o a_o rhombus_fw-la as_o a_o parallelogram_n do_v from_o a_o true_a square_n it_o be_v needless_a therefore_o i_o presume_v to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o make_v it_o prob._n xiii_o how_o to_o divide_v a_o circle_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n not_o exceed_v ten_o or_o otherwise_o how_o to_o make_v the_o figure_n call_v pentagon_n hexagon_n haptagon_n octogon_n etc._n etc._n let_v abcd_n be_v a_o circle_n in_o which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v make_v a_o triangle_n the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v make_v in_o that_o circle_n keep_v your_o compass_n at_o the_o same_o extent_n they_o be_v at_o when_o you_o make_v the_o circle_n set_v one_o point_n of_o they_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n as_o at_o a_o and_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o mark_n at_o e_z and_o f_o and_o draw_v a_o line_n between_o e_z and_o f_o which_o will_v be_v one_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n i_o need_v not_o tell_v you_o how_o to_o make_v the_o other_o two_o side_n for_o it_o be_v a_o equilateral_a triangle_n all_o three_o side_n be_v of_o equal_a length_n to_o make_v a_o pentagon_n or_o five-sided_n figure_n draw_v first_o a_o obscure_a circle_n as_o abcd_v then_o draw_v a_o diameter_n from_o a_o to_o b_o make_v another_o diameter_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o first_o as_o cd_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o length_n of_o the_o semi-diameter_n set_v one_o point_n in_o a_o and_o make_v the_o mark_n of_o draw_v a_o line_n between_o they_o as_o you_o do_v to_o make_v the_o triangle_n next_o set_v one_o point_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o the_o intersection_n at_o g_o and_o extend_v the_o other_o to_o c_o draw_v the_o arch_n ch_z the_o near_a distance_n between_o c_o and_z h_n viz._n the_o line_n cih_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o pentagon_n and_o the_o great_a that_o can_v be_v make_v within_o that_o circle_n which_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n of_o your_o compass_n you_o may_v mark_v out_o round_o the_o circle_n and_o draw_v line_n the_o figure_n will_v be_v finish_v to_o make_v a_o hexagon_n or_o six-sided_n figure_n draw_v a_o obscure_a circle_n as_o you_o see_v here_o and_o then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o compass_n mark_v out_o the_o hexagon_n require_v round_o the_o circle_n for_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o any_o circle_n be_v the_o side_n of_o the_o great_a hexagon_n that_o can_v be_v make_v within_o the_o same_o circle_n this_o be_v the_o way_n cooper_n use_n to_o make_v head_n for_o their_o cask_n to_o make_v a_o heptagon_n or_o figure_n of_o seven_o equal_a sides_n and_o angle_n you_o must_v begin_v and_o proceed_v as_o if_o you_o be_v go_v to_o inscribe_v a_o triangle_n in_o a_o circle_n till_o you_o have_v draw_v the_o line_n of_o then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o half_a of_o that_o line_n viz._n from_o ☉_o to_o e_z or_o from_o ☉_o to_o f_o mark_v out_o round_o the_o circle_n your_o heptagon_n for_o the_o half_a of_o the_o line_n of_o be_v one_o side_n of_o it_o to_o make_v a_o octogon_n common_o call_v a_o eight-square_a figure_n first_o make_v a_o circle_n second_o divide_v it_o into_o four_o equal_a part_n by_o two_o diameter_n the_o one_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o other_o as_o ab_fw-la and_o cd_o three_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o a_o and_o make_v the_o arch_n e_o e_o also_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o make_v the_o arch_a ff_n then_o through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o two_o arch_n draw_v a_o line_n to_o the_o centre_n viz._n gh_o last_o draw_v the_o line_n i_fw-mi or_o ja_z either_o of_o which_o be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o octagon_n to_o make_v a_o nonagon_n first_o make_v a_o circle_n and_o a_o triangle_n in_o it_o as_o you_o be_v teach_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o problem_n then_o divide_v one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o circle_n as_o for_o example_n that_o a_o 1_o 2_o 3_o b_o into_o three_o equal_a part_n last_o draw_v the_o line_n a_o 1_o 1_o 2_o 2_o b_o etc._n etc._n each_o of_o these_o line_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o nonagon_n to_o make_v a_o decagon_n you_o must_v work_v altogether_o as_o you_o do_v in_o make_v a_o pentagon_n see_v the_o pentagon_n above_o where_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o centre_n k_o to_o the_o point_n at_o h_n be_v the_o side_n of_o a_o decagon_n or_o ten-sided_n figure_n prob._n fourteen_o three_o point_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v a_o circle_n who_o circumference_n shall_v pass_v through_o the_o three_o give_v point_n provide_v the_o three_o point_n be_v not_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n let_v a_o b_o c_o be_v the_o three_o point_n give_v first_o set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o a_o open_v they_o to_o any_o convenient_a wideness_n more_o than_o half_a the_o distance_n between_o a_o and_o b_o and_o describe_v the_o arch_n dd_v then_o without_o alter_v the_o extent_n set_v one_o point_n in_o b_o and_o cross_v the_o first_o arch_n at_o e_o and_o e_o through_o those_o two_o intersection_n draw_v the_o line_n i_fw-mi the_o very_a same_o you_o must_v do_v between_o b_o and_o c_o and_o draw_v the_o line_n ff_n where_o these_o two_o line_n intersect_v each_o other_o as_o at_o g_o the_fw-mi be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n require_v therefore_o set_v one_o foot_n
how_o to_o cast_v up_o the_o content_n of_o any_o plot_n of_o land_n how_o to_o lay_v out_o new_a land_n how_o to_o survey_v a_o manor_n county_n or_o country_n also_o how_o to_o reduce_v divide_v land_n cum_fw-la multis_fw-la aliis_fw-la the_o twelve_o chapter_n consist_v whole_o of_o trigonometry_n the_o thirteen_o chapter_n be_v of_o height_n and_o distance_n include_v among_o other_o thing_n how_o to_o make_v a_o map_n of_o a_o river_n or_o harbour_n also_o how_o to_o convey_v water_n from_o a_o springhead_n to_o any_o appoint_a place_n or_o the_o like_a last_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n i_o have_v a_o table_n of_o northing_n or_o sothe_v ea_v or_o westing_n or_o if_o you_o please_v to_o call_v it_o so_o a_o table_n of_o difference_n of_o latitude_n and_o departure_n from_o the_o meridian_n with_o direction_n for_o the_o use_v thereof_o also_o a_o table_n of_o sines_n and_o tangent_n and_o a_o table_n of_o logarithm_n i_o have_v take_v example_n from_o mr._n holwell_n to_o make_v the_o table_n of_o sines_n and_o tangent_n but_o to_o every_o five_o minute_n that_o be_v nigh_o enough_o in_o all_o sense_n and_o reason_n for_o the_o surveyor_n use_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n with_o the_o best_a instrument_n that_o be_v ever_o yet_o make_v can_v take_v a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n nigh_o if_o so_o nigh_o as_o to_o five_o minute_n all_o which_o i_o commend_v to_o the_o ingenious_a reader_n wish_v he_o may_v find_v benefit_n thereby_o and_o desire_v his_o favourable_a reception_n thereof_o according_o i_o conclude_v reader_n your_o humble_a servant_n j._n l._n advertisement_n such_o person_n as_o have_v occasion_n for_o the_o instrument_n mention_v in_o this_o book_n or_o any_o other_o mathematical_a instrument_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o same_o at_o reasonable_a rate_n by_o john_n worgan_n instrument-maker_n at_o his_o shop_n under_o the_o dial_n of_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleestreet_n london_n the_o content_n chap._n i._n of_o arithmetic_n in_o general_a page_n 1_o how_o to_o extract_n the_o square-root_n by_o vulgar_a arithmetic_n page_n 2_o how_o to_o extract_n the_o square-root_n by_o the_o logarithm_n page_n 7_o chap._n ii_o geometrical_a definition_n show_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o a_o point_n page_n 9_o a_o line_n ibid._n a_o angle_n ibid._n a_o perpendicular_a page_n 10_o a_o triangle_n page_n 11_o a_o square_a page_n 12_o a_o parallelogram_n ibid._n a_o rhombus_fw-la and_o rhomboide_v ibid._n a_o trapezia_n ibid._n a_o irregular_a figure_n page_n 13_o a_o regular_a polygon_n as_o pentagon_n hexagon_n etc._n etc._n page_n 14_o a_o circle_n with_o what_o thereto_o belong_v ibid._n a_o superficies_n page_n 15_o parallel-line_n page_n 16_o diagonal-line_n ibid._n chap._n iii_o geometrical_a problem_n 1._o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n perpendicular_a to_o another_o two_o way_n page_n 17_o 2._o how_o to_o raise_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o the_o end_n of_o a_o line_n two_o way_n page_n 18_o 3._o how_o from_o a_o point_n assign_v to_o let_v fall_v a_o perpendicular_a upon_o a_o line_n give_v page_n 20_o 4._o how_o to_o divide_v a_o line_n into_o any_o number_n of_o equal_a part_n page_n 21_o 5._o how_o to_o make_v a_o angle_n equal_a to_o any_o other_o angle_n give_v page_n 22_o 6._o how_o to_o make_v line_n parallel_v to_o each_o other_o page_n 23_o 7._o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o another_o line_n which_o must_v also_o pass_v through_o a_o point_n assign_v page_n 24_o 8._o three_o line_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v thereof_o a_o triangle_n ibid._n 9_o how_o to_o make_v a_o triangle_n equal_a to_o a_o triangle_n give_v page_n 25_o 10._o how_o to_o make_v a_o square_a figure_n page_n 26_o 11._o how_o to_o make_v a_o long_a square_n or_o parallelogram_n ibid._n 12._o how_o to_o make_v a_o rhomub_n or_o rhomboide_v page_n 27_o 13._o to_o make_v regular_a polygon_n as_o pentagon_n hexagon_n heptagon_n etc._n etc._n page_n 28_o 14._o three_o point_n be_v give_v how_o to_o make_v a_o circle_n who_o circumference_n shall_v pass_v through_o the_o three_o give_v point_n page_n 32_o 15._o how_o to_o make_v a_o ellipsis_n or_o oval_a several_a way_n page_n 33_o 16._o how_o to_o divide_v a_o give_v line_n into_o two_o part_n which_o shall_v be_v in_o such_o proportion_n to_o each_o other_o as_o two_o give_v line_n page_n 36_o 17._o three_o line_n be_v give_v to_o find_v a_o four_o in_o proportion_n to_o they_o page_n 37_o chap._n iv_o of_o measure_n in_o general_n i._o of_o long_a measure_n show_v by_o what_o kind_n of_o measure_n land_n be_v survey_v and_o also_o how_o to_o reduce_v one_o sort_n of_o long_a measure_n into_o another_o page_n 39_o a_o general_n table_n of_o long_a measure_n ibid._n a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n also_o how_o many_o perch_n and_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o chain_n and_o link_n from_o one_o link_n to_o a_o hundred_o chain_n page_n 41_o a_o table_n show_v how_o many_o chain_n link_n and_o part_n of_o a_o link_n also_o how_o many_o perch_n and_o part_n of_o a_o perch_n be_v contain_v in_o any_o number_n of_o foot_n from_o 1_o foot_n to_o 10000_o page_n 44_o ii_o of_o square_a measure_n show_v what_o it_o be_v and_o how_o to_o reduce_v one_o sort_n into_o another_o page_n 46_o a_o general_n table_n of_o square_a measure_n page_n 47_o a_o table_n show_v the_o length_n and_o breadth_n of_o a_o acre_n in_o perch_n foot_n and_o part_n of_o a_o foot_n page_n 49_o a_o table_n to_o turn_v perch_n into_o acre_n rood_n and_o perch_v page_n 53_o chap._n v._o of_o instrument_n and_o their_o use_n of_o the_o chain_n page_n 54_o of_o instrument_n for_o the_o take_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n page_n 56_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o plain_a table_n page_n 57_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o semicircle_n page_n 58_o to_o take_v the_o quantity_n of_o a_o angle_n in_o the_o field_n by_o circumferentor_n etc._n etc._n several_a way_n ibid._n of_o the_o field-book_n page_n 61_o of_o the_o scale_n with_o several_a use_v thereof_o and_o how_o to_o make_v a_o line_n of_o chord_n page_n 62_o etc._n etc._n of_o the_o protractor_n page_n 68_o chap._n vi_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o any_o place_n thereof_o from_o whence_o you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o angle_n by_o the_o semicircle_n and_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 71_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o same_o field_n at_o one_o station_n by_o the_o plain_a table_n page_n 74_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o same_o field_n at_o one_o station_n by_o the_o semicircle_n either_o with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o limb_n both_o together_o or_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o needle_n only_o ibid._n how_o by_o the_o semicircle_n to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o any_o angle_n thereof_o from_o whence_o the_o other_o angle_n may_v be_v see_v and_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 76_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o two_o station_n provide_v from_o either_o station_n you_o may_v see_v every_o angle_n and_o measure_v only_o the_o stationary_a distance_n also_o to_o protract_v the_o same_o page_n 79_o 82_o etc._n etc._n how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o two_o station_n when_o the_o field_n be_v so_o irregular_a that_o from_o one_o station_n you_o can_v see_v all_o the_o angel_n page_n 83_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n in_o a_o angle_n so_o that_o from_o that_o angle_n you_o may_v see_v all_o the_o other_o angles_n by_o measure_v round_o about_o the_o say_a field_n page_n 86_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o the_o forego_n field_n by_o measure_v one_o line_n only_o and_o take_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n page_n 88_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o large_a field_n or_o wood_n by_o measure_v round_o the_o same_o and_o take_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n by_o the_o semicircle_n page_n 90_o when_o you_o have_v survey_v after_o this_o manner_n how_o to_o know_v before_o you_o go_v out_o of_o the_o field_n whether_o you_o have_v wrought_v true_a or_o not_o page_n 94_o direction_n how_o to_o measure_v parallel_n to_o a_o hedge_n when_o you_o can_v go_v in_o the_o hedge_n itself_o and_o also_o in_o such_o case_n how_o to_o take_v your_o angel_n page_n 95_o how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n or_o wood_n by_o observe_v near_o every_o angle_n and_o measure_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o mark_v of_o observation_n by_o take_v in_o every_o line_n two_o
of_o your_o compass_n in_o g_o extend_v the_o other_o to_o either_o of_o the_o point_n give_v and_o describe_v the_o circle_n a_o b_o c._n note_v the_o centre_n of_o a_o triangle_n be_v find_v the_o same_o way_n prob._n xv_o how_o to_o make_v a_o ellipsis_n or_o oval_a several_a way_n fig._n 1._o make_v three_o circle_n who_o diameter_n may_v be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n as_o ab_fw-la across_o that_o line_n with_o another_o perpendicular_a to_o it_o at_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o middle_a circle_n as_o cd_o draw_v the_o line_n ce_fw-fr ch_n dg_fw-mi df_n set_a one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o d_o and_o extend_v the_o other_o to_o g_o describe_v the_o part_n of_o the_o ellepsis_n gf_n with_o the_o sameextent_n set_v foot_n one_o in_o c_o describe_v the_o other_o part_n he_o the_o two_o end_n be_v make_v by_o part_n of_o the_o two_o outermost_a small_a circle_n as_o you_o see_v fe_o gh_o fig._n 2._o draw_v two_o small_a circle_n who_o circumference_n may_v only_o touch_v each_o other_o then_o take_v the_o distance_n between_o their_o centre_n or_o either_o of_o their_o diameter_n set_v one_o foot_n of_o your_o compass_n in_o either_o of_o their_o centre_n as_o that_o mark_v 2_o and_o with_o the_o other_o make_v a_o arch_n at_o a_o also_o at_o b_o then_o move_v your_o compass_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o other_o circle_n across_o the_o say_a arch_n at_o a_o and_o b_o which_o cross_n let_v be_v the_o centre_n of_o two_o other_o circle_n of_o equal_a bigness_n with_o the_o first_o then_o through_o the_o centre_n of_o all_o the_o circle_n draw_v the_o line_n ab_fw-la cd_o eh_n fg_n which_o do_v place_n one_o foot_n of_o the_o compass_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n i_o and_o extend_v the_o other_o to_o c_o describe_v the_o arch_n of_o the_o ellipsis_n ce_fw-fr the_o same_o you_o must_v do_v at_o 2_o to_o describe_v the_o part_n bh_n and_o then_o be_v your_o ellipsis_n finish_v fig._n 3._o this_o need_v no_o description_n it_o be_v so_o like_o the_o two_o former_a figure_n and_o easy_a than_o either_o of_o they_o here_o note_v that_o you_o may_v make_v the_o oval_n 1_o and_o 3_o of_o any_o determine_a length_n for_o in_o the_o length_n of_o the_o first_o there_o be_v four_o semidiameters_a of_o the_o small_a circle_n and_o in_o the_o last_o but_o three_o if_o therefore_o any_o line_n be_v give_v you_o of_o which_o length_n a_o oval_a be_v require_v you_o must_v take_v in_o with_o your_o compass_n the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o line_n to_o make_v the_o the_o oval_a fig._n 1._o and_o the_o three_o part_n to_o make_v the_o oval_a fig._n 3_o and_o with_o that_o extent_n you_o must_v describe_v the_o small_a circle_n the_o breadth_n will_v be_v always_o proportional_a to_o the_o length_n but_o if_o the_o breadth_n be_v give_v you_o take_v in_o also_o the_o four_o part_n thereof_o and_o make_v the_o oval_a fig._n 2._o fig._n 4._o this_o ellipsis_n be_v to_o be_v make_v have_v length_n and_o breadth_n both_o give_v let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o length_n cd_o the_o breadth_n of_o a_o require_v oval_a first_o lay_v down_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la equal_a to_o the_o give_v length_n and_o cross_v it_o in_o the_o middle_n with_o the_o perpendicular_a cd_o equal_a to_o the_o give_v breadth_n second_o take_v in_o half_a the_o line_n ab_fw-la with_o your_o compass_n viz._n ae_n or_o be_v set_v one_o foot_n in_o c_o and_o make_v two_o mark_n upon_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la viz._n f_o and_o g_o also_o with_o the_o same_o extent_n set_v one_o foot_n in_o d_o and_o cross_v the_o former_a mark_n at_o f_z and_z g._n three_o at_o the_o point_n f_o and_o g_o fix_v two_o pin_n or_o if_o it_o be_v a_o garden-plat_n or_o the_o like_a two_o strong_a stick_n then_o put_v a_o line_n about_o they_o make_v fast_o the_o two_o end_n at_o such_o a_o exact_a length_n that_o stretch_v by_o the_o two_o pin_n the_o bent_n of_o the_o line_n may_v exact_o touch_v a_o or_o b_o or_o c_o or_o d_o or_o h_z as_o in_o this_o diagram_n it_o do_v at_o h_z so_o move_v the_o line_n still_o round_o it_o will_v describe_v a_o exact_a oval_n prob._n xuj_o how_o to_o divide_v a_o give_v line_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n which_o may_v be_v in_o such_o proportion_n to_o each_o other_o as_o two_o give_v line_n let_v ab_fw-la be_v the_o give_v line_n to_o be_v divide_v in_o such_o proportion_n as_o the_o line_n c_o be_v to_o the_o line_n d._n first_o from_o a_o draw_v a_o line_n at_o pleasure_n as_o ae_n then_o take_v with_o your_o compass_n the_o line_n c_o set_v it_o off_o from_o a_o towards_o e_o which_o will_v fall_v at_o f_o also_o take_v the_o line_n d_o and_o set_v off_o from_o f_o to_o e._n second_o draw_v the_o line_n ebb_n and_o from_o f_o make_v a_o line_n parallel_n to_o ebb_n as_o fg_v which_o shall_v intersect_v the_o give_v line_n ab_fw-la in_o the_o proportional_a point_n require_v viz_o at_o g_z making_z ag_z and_o gb_n in_o like_a proportion_n to_o each_o other_o as_o cc_o and_o dd._n example_n by_o arithmetic_n the_o line_n cc_o be_v 60_o foot_n perch_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o the_o line_n dd_n be_v 40_o the_o line_n ab_fw-la be_v 50_o which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v divide_v in_o such_o proportion_n as_o 60_o to_o 40._o first_o add_v the_o two_o line_n c_o and_o d_o together_o and_o they_o make_v 100_o then_o say_v if_o 100_o the_o whole_a give_v 60_o for_o its_o great_a part_n what_o shall_v 50_o the_o whole_a line_n ab_fw-la give_v for_o its_o great_a proportional_a part_n multiply_v 50_o by_o 60_o it_o make_v 3000_o which_o divide_v by_o 100_o produce_v 30_o for_o the_o long_a part_n which_o 30_o take_v from_o 50_o leave_v 20_o for_o the_o short_a part_n as_o therefore_o 60_o be_v to_o 40_o so_o be_v 30_o to_o 20._o prob._n xvii_o three_o line_n be_v give_v to_o find_v a_o four_o in_o proportion_n to_o they_o let_v abc_n be_v the_o three_o line_n give_v and_o it_o be_v require_v to_o find_v a_o four_o line_n which_o may_v be_v in_o such_o proportion_n to_o c_o as_o b_o be_v to_o a_o a_o 14_o b_o 18_o c_z 21_o which_o be_v no_o more_o but_o perform_v the_o rule_n of_o three_o in_o line_n as_o if_o we_o shall_v say_v if_o a_o 14_o give_v b_o 18_o what_o shall_v c_z 21_o give_v answer_v 27._o but_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o geometrical_o work_v thus_o and_o here_o for_o a_o while_o i_o shall_v leave_v these_o problem_n till_o i_o come_v to_o show_v you_o how_o to_o divide_v any_o piece_n of_o land_n and_o to_o lay_v out_o any_o piece_n of_o a_o give_v quantity_n of_o acre_n into_o any_o form_n or_o figure_n require_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o what_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v know_v chap._n iu._n of_o measure_n and_o first_o of_o long_a measure_n which_o be_v either_o inch_n foot_n yard_n perch_n chain_n etc._n etc._n note_v that_o twelve_o inch_n make_v one_o foot_n three_o foot_n one_o yard_n five_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a one_o pole_n or_o perch_n four_o perch_n one_o chain_n of_o gunter_n eighty_o chain_n one_o mile_n but_o if_o you_o will_v bring_v 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link_n 1.515_o 4.56_o 25_o 100_o 8000_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr foot_n 3_o 16.5_o 66_o 5280_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr yard_n 5.5_o 22_o 1760_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr perch_n 4_o 320_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr chain_n 80_o see_v this_o table_n of_o long_a measure_n annex_v the_o use_n whereof_o be_v very_o easy_a if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o many_o foot_n in_o length_n go_v to_o make_v one_o chain_n look_v for_o chain_n at_o top_n and_o at_o the_o lefthand_n for_o foot_n against_o which_o in_o the_o common_a angle_n of_o
which_o you_o will_v take_v your_o observation_n have_v place_v your_o semicircle_n at_o f_o turn_v it_o about_o the_o north-point_n of_o the_o card_n from_o you_o till_o through_o the_o fixed-sight_n note_v that_o i_o call_v they_o the_o fiexed-sight_n which_o be_v on_o the_o fixed-diameter_n you_o espy_v the_o mark_n at_o g._n then_o screw_v fast_o the_o instrument_n which_o do_v move_v the_o index_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n thereof_o you_o see_v the_o mark_n at_o a_o and_o the_o degree_n on_o 〈◊〉_d â—â—â—b_n there_o cut_v by_o it_o will_v be_v 20._o move_v again_o the_o index_n to_o the_o mark_n at_o b_o where_o you_o will_v find_v it_o to_o cut_v 40_o deg_fw-la do_v the_o same_o at_o c_o and_o it_o cut_v 60_o deg_fw-la likewise_o at_o d_o 77_o and_o at_o e_o 100_o deg_fw-la note_v down_o all_o these_o angle_n in_o your_o field-book_n next_o measure_v all_o the_o line_n as_o from_o f_o to_o g_z 14_o chain_n 60_o link_n from_o f_o to_o a_o 18_o chain_n 20_o link_n from_o f_o to_o b_o 16_o chain_n 80_o link_n from_o f_o to_o c_o 21_o chain_n 20_o link_n from_o f_o to_o d_o 16_o chain_n 95_o link_n from_o f_o to_o e_z 8_o chain_n 50_o link_n and_o then_o will_v your_o field-book_n stand_v thus_o angle_n degree_n minute_n chain_n link_n g_o 00_o 00_o 14_o 60_o a_o 20_o 00_o 18_o 20_o b_o 40_o 00_o 16_o 80_o c_o 60_o 00_o 21_o 20_o d_o 77_o 00_o 16_o 95_o e_z 10_o 00_o 8_o 50_o to_o protract_v the_o former_a observation_n draw_v a_o line_n at_o adventure_n as_o g_o g_o upon_o any_o convenient_a place_n on_o which_o lie_v the_o centre_n of_o your_o protractor_n as_o at_o f_o keep_v the_o diameter_n thereof_o right_o upon_o the_o line_n g_o g._n then_o make_v mark_n round_o the_o protractor_n at_o every_o angle_n as_o you_o find_v they_o in_o the_o field-book_n viz._n against_o 20_o 40_o 60_o 77_o and_o 100_o which_o do_v take_v away_o the_o protractor_n and_o apply_v the_o scale_n or_o ruler_n to_o f_o and_o each_o of_o the_o mark_n draw_v the_o line_n 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still_o stand_v at_o f_o turn_v it_o about_o till_o the_o needle_n lie_v direct_o over_o the_o flower-de-luce_n of_o the_o card_n there_o screw_v it_o fast_o then_o turn_v the_o movable_a index_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n you_o espy_v any_o one_o angle_n as_o for_o example_n let_v be_v d_o note_v then_o what_o degree_n upon_o the_o limb_n be_v cut_v by_o the_o index_n which_o let_v be_v 10_o deg_fw-la mark_v this_o down_o in_o your_o field-book_n and_o when_o you_o have_v protract_v as_o before_o direct_v lie_v the_o centre_n of_o your_o protractor_n upon_o any_o place_n of_o the_o line_n fd_n as_o at_o ☉_o turn_v the_o protractor_n about_o till_o 10_o deg_fw-la thereof_o lie_v direct_o upon_o the_o line_n fd._n then_o against_o the_o end_n of_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o protractor_n make_v a_o mark_n as_o at_z n_z and_o draw_v the_o line_n n_o ☉_o which_o be_v a_o meridian_n or_o north_n and_o south_n line_n by_o which_o you_o may_v make_v a_o compass_n note_v that_o you_o may_v as_o well_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o one_o station_n stand_v in_o any_o side_n thereof_o as_o in_o a_o angle_n for_o if_o you_o have_v set_v your_o instrument_n in_o a_o the_o work_n will_v be_v the_o same_o i_o shall_v forbear_v therefore_o as_o much_o as_o i_o may_v tautology_n how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o field_n at_o two_o station_n provide_v from_o either_o station_n you_o may_v see_v every_o angle_n and_o measure_v only_o the_o stationary_a distance_n let_v cdefgh_n be_v suppose_v a_o field_n to_o be_v measure_v at_o two_o station_n first_o when_o you_o come_v into_o the_o field_n make_v choice_n of_o two_o place_n for_o your_o station_n which_o let_v be_v as_o far_o asunder_o as_o the_o field_n will_v convenient_o admit_v of_o also_o take_v care_n that_o if_o the_o stationary_a distance_n be_v continue_v it_o will_v not_o touch_v a_o angle_n of_o the_o field_n then_o set_v the_o semicircle_n at_o a_o the_o first_o station_n turn_v it_o about_o the_o north_n point_v from_o you_o till_o through_o the_o fix_a sight_n you_o espy_v the_o mark_n at_o your_o second_o station_n which_o admit_v to_o be_v at_o b_o there_o screw_v fast_o the_o instrument_n then_o turn_v the_o movable_a index_n to_o every_o several_a angle_n round_o the_o whole_a field_n and_o see_v what_o degree_n be_v cut_v thereby_o at_o every_o angle_n which_o note_v down_o in_o your_o field-book_n as_o follow_v angle_n degree_n minute_n  _fw-fr c_o 24_o 30_o  _fw-fr d_o 97_o 00_o  _fw-fr e_o 225_o 00_o first_o station_n f_o 283_o 30_o  _fw-fr g_o 325_o 00_o  _fw-fr h_n 346_o 00_o  _fw-fr second_o measure_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o two_o station_n which_o let_v be_v 20_o chain_n and_o set_v it_o down_o in_o the_o field-book_n stationary_a distance_n 20_o chain_n 00_o link_n three_o place_v the_o instrument_n at_o b_o the_o second_o station_n look_v backward_o through_o the_o fix_a sight_n to_o the_o first_o station_n at_o a_o i_o mean_v by_o look_v 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that_o line_n as_o from_o a_o to_o b_o so_o will_v a_o represent_v the_o first_o station_n b_o the_o second_o second_o apply_v your_o protractor_n the_o centre_n thereof_o to_o the_o point_n a_o and_o the_o diameter_n lie_v straight_o upon_o the_o line_n bk_n mark_v out_o round_o it_o the_o angle_n as_o you_o find_v they_o in_o the_o field-book_n and_o through_o those_o mark_n from_o a_o draw_v line_n of_o a_o convenient_a length_n three_o move_v your_o protractor_n to_o the_o second_o station_n b_o and_o there_o mark_v out_o your_o angle_n and_o draw_v line_n as_o before_o at_o the_o first_o station_n last_o the_o place_n where_o the_o line_n of_o the_o first_o station_n and_o the_o line_n of_o the_o second_o intersect_v each_o other_o be_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o field_n as_o for_o example_n at_o the_o first_o station_n the_o angle_n c_o be_v 24_o degree_n 30_o minute_n through_o those_o degree_n i_o draw_v the_o line_n a1_n at_o the_o second_o station_n c_o be_v 84_o degree_n 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have_v find_v the_o place_n for_o b_o there_o make_v a_o angle_n of_o 51_o degree_n draw_v the_o line_n till_o it_o intersect_v ac_fw-la etc._n etc._n you_o may_v also_o survey_v a_o field_n after_o this_o manner_n by_o set_v up_o a_o mark_n in_o the_o middle_n thereof_o and_o measure_v from_o that_o to_o any_o one_o angle_n also_o in_o the_o observation_n round_o the_o field_n have_v respect_n to_o that_o mark_n as_o you_o have_v here_o to_o the_o angle_n a._n it_o be_v too_o tedious_a to_o give_v example_n of_o all_o the_o variety_n beside_o it_o will_v rather_o puzzle_v than_o instruct_v a_o neophyte_n how_o to_o take_v the_o plot_n of_o a_o large_a field_n or_o wood_n by_o measure_v round_o the_o same_o and_o take_v observation_n at_o every_o angle_n thereof_o by_o the_o semicircle_n suppose_v abcdefg_n to_o be_v a_o wood_n through_o which_o you_o can_v see_v to_o take_v the_o angle_n as_o before_o direct_v but_o must_v be_v force_v to_o go_v round_o the_o same_o first_o plant_v the_o semicircle_n at_o a_o and_o turn_v the_o north_n end_v of_o the_o diameter_n about_o till_o through_o the_o fix_a sight_n you_o see_v the_o mark_n at_o b_o then_z move_z round_o the_o index_n till_o through_o the_o sight_n thereof_o you_o espy_v g_z the_o index_n there_o cut_v upon_o the_o limb_n 146_o degree_n 2._o remove_v to_o b_o and_o as_o you_o go_v measure_v the_o distance_n ab_fw-la viz._n 23_o chain_n 40_o link_n and_o plant_v the_o instrument_n at_o b_o direct_v the_o north_n end_v of_o the_o diameter_n to_o c_o and_o turn_v the_o index_n round_o to_o a_o it_o then_o point_v to_o 76_o degree_n 3._o remove_v to_o c_o measure_v the_o line_n as_o you_o go_v and_o set_v your_o instrument_n at_o c_o direct_v the_o north_n end_v of_o the_o fix_a diameter_n to_o d_o and_o turn_v the_o index_n till_o you_o espy_v b_o and_o the_o index_n then_o cut_v 205_o degree_n which_o because_o it_o be_v a_o outward_a angle_n you_o may_v mark_v thus_o thus_o in_o your_o field-book_n 4._o 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