their_o use_n and_o also_o the_o use_n of_o ptholomey_n his_o table_n this_o word_n mappa_fw-la in_o latin_a signify_v a_o table_n cloth_n of_o linen_n to_o cover_v a_o board_n of_o the_o shape_n and_o likeness_n whereof_o universal_a table_n contain_v the_o description_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v common_o call_v map_n and_o first_o you_o have_v to_o understande_v that_o every_o such_o map_n be_v chief_o trace_v with_o ij_o sort_n of_o line_n or_o circle_n that_o be_v meridian_n and_o parallel_v the_o meridian_n be_v either_o right_a or_o circular_a line_n pass_v through_o both_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v imagine_v to_o be_v draw_v right_o up_o and_o down_o from_o the_o head_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o map_n and_o be_v call_v meridian_n of_o this_o latin_a word_n meridy_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o midday_n or_o noontide_n because_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o touch_v any_o of_o those_o line_n it_o be_v mydday_n to_o those_o that_o dwell_v right_a under_o the_o same_o again_o parallel_n be_v either_o right_a or_o circular_a line_n imagine_v to_o be_v equal_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o which_o do_v cross_v the_o foresay_a meridian_n with_o right_a angle_n now_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o map_n be_v most_o common_o draw_v from_o head_n to_o foot_n a_o right_a line_n which_o signify_v not_o only_o the_o first_o meridian_n but_o also_o the_o axle_n tree_n of_o the_o world_n the_o upper_a end_n of_o which_o line_n be_v call_v the_o pool_n arctic_a that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o north_n pole_n and_o the_o nether_a end_n the_o pole_n antartique_n that_o be_v the_o south_n poole_n and_o this_o line_n be_v cross_v in_o the_o very_a midst_n betwixt_o the_o ij_o pool_n with_o another_o great_a circle_n or_o right_a line_n call_v the_o equinoctial_a because_o that_o when_o the_o sun_n come_v to_o touch_v this_o line_n or_o circle_n the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v equal_a throughout_o the_o world_n the_o one_o half_a of_o which_o line_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n show_v the_o east_n part_n and_o other_o half_o towards_o the_o left_a hand_n show_v the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o as_o these_o ij_o line_n the_o first_o meridian_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a do_v point_n out_o the_o iiij_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n north_n south_n east_n and_o west_n from_o whence_o the_o four_o principal_a wind_n do_v blow_n betwixt_o which_o wind_n be_v set_v down_o in_o most_o map_n together_o with_o their_o latin_a or_o italian_a name_n in_o the_o outermost_a skirt_n or_o border_n thereof_o viij_o other_o wind_n so_o as_o in_o all_o there_o be_v xij_o wind_n whereby_o the_o ancient_a greek_n and_o roman_n be_v wont_a to_o sail_v the_o name_n whereof_o both_o greek_a latin_a and_o english_a be_v heretofore_o set_v down_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o our_o sphere_n but_o now_o to_o return_v to_o our_o first_o two_o line_n that_o be_v the_o first_o meridian_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a you_o have_v to_o note_v that_o both_o these_o line_n or_o circle_n be_v divide_v each_o of_o they_o into_o 360._o degree_n so_o as_o every_o quarter_n of_o they_o contain_v 90._o degree_n and_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v set_v down_o the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o world_n round_o about_o from_o west_n to_o east_n and_o again_o from_o east_n by_o west_n home_o again_o the_o first_o degree_n whereof_o begin_v whereas_o the_o first_o aforesaid_a meridian_n cross_v the_o equinoctial_a in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o map_n and_o so_o proceed_v eastward_o unto_o the_o number_n of_o 90_o degree_n which_o be_v as_o far_o as_o you_o can_v go_v eastward_o since_o from_o thence_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n you_o must_v needs_o turn_v back_o again_o by_o the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o sphere_n or_o ball_n westward_o until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o 270_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o far_a point_n westward_o you_o can_v go_v from_o whence_o you_o must_v return_v eastward_o until_o you_o come_v to_o the_o 360_o degree_n which_o be_v the_o last_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o end_v where_o the_o first_o degree_n begin_v moreover_o in_o the_o say_v first_o meridian_n or_o in_o some_o other_o meridian_n hard_o by_o it_o be_v set_v down_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o breadth_n of_o the_o world_n both_o northern_a and_o southern_a for_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o foresay_a meridian_n 90._o degree_n and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o north_n latitude_n and_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o the_o south_n pole_n be_v contain_v in_o y_z e_z say_v meridian_n other_o 90_o degree_n which_o be_v call_v the_o south_n latitude_n and_o in_o most_o map_n the_o equinoctial_a line_n be_v divide_v and_o cross_v with_o 18_o meridian_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o first_o meridian_n devide_v the_o equinoctial_a into_o 36_o several_a space_n or_o distance_n every_o space_n contain_v 10_o degree_n and_o every_o degree_n contain_v 60_o italian_a mile_n of_o length_n moreover_o betwixt_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o each_o of_o the_o pole_n be_v draw_v certain_a circle_n or_o line_n call_v as_o i_o say_v before_o parallel_n of_o which_o most_o common_o 4_o be_v paint_v with_o red_a ink_n signify_v the_o 4_o lesser_a circle_n before_o describe_v in_o our_o sphere_n whereof_o the_o high_a towards_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v call_v the_o circle_n arctic_a be_v distant_a from_o the_o pole_n 23_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o low_a towards_o the_o south_n pole_n be_v call_v the_o circle_n antartique_n be_v also_o distant_a from_o the_o pole_n 23_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a now_o as_o touch_v the_o other_o two_o red_a circle_n the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o circle_n arctic_a and_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v call_v the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o other_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o circle_n antartique_n be_v call_v the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n and_o each_o of_o these_o two_o tropique_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o equinoctial_a 23_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o betwixt_o these_o ij_o tropique_v the_o sun_n continual_o make_v his_o course_n and_o return_v as_o this_o word_n tropic_n signifi_v mount_v never_o high_o than_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n nor_o descend_v low_o than_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n for_o which_o cause_n some_o do_v set_v down_o in_o their_o map_n betwixt_o the_o say_v two_o tropique_n a_o overthwart_a line_n signify_v the_o ecliptic_a line_n under_o which_o the_o sun_n continual_o walk_v now_o by_o help_n of_o the_o foresay_a 4_o circle_n the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o 5_o zone_n that_o be_v one_o hot_a 2_o temperate_a and_o 2_o cold_a the_o hot_a be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o 2_o tropique_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o which_o hot_a zone_n be_v the_o equinoctial_a line_n and_o of_o the_o 2_o temperate_a zone_n the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o circle_n arctic_a and_o the_o other_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n and_o the_o circle_n antartique_n again_o of_o the_o 2_o cold_a zone_n the_o one_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o north_n pole_n and_o the_o circle_n arctic_a and_o the_o other_o betwixt_o the_o south_n pole_n and_o the_o circle_n antartique_n now_o beside_o these_o four_o special_a parallel_n there_o be_v diverse_a other_o parallel_n draw_v on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a both_o northward_o and_o southward_o which_o cross_v in_o certain_a point_n the_o first_o meridian_n mark_v with_o degree_n do_v show_v the_o true_a latitude_n of_o every_o place_n and_o under_o what_o clime_n or_o parallel_v it_o be_v and_o also_o how_o many_o hour_n the_o long_a day_n of_o any_o place_n under_o every_o parallel_n be_v begin_v to_o account_v the_o same_o either_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a upward_o towards_o the_o north_n pole_n alongst_o the_o first_o meridian_n mark_v with_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n or_o else_o from_o the_o say_v equinoctial_a downward_n towards_o the_o south_n pole_n mark_v with_o degree_n of_o southern_a latitude_n notwithstanding_o they_o use_v most_o common_o to_o set_v down_o the_o number_n and_o just_a distance_n of_o the_o climb_v parallel_n and_o hour_n in_o the_o north_n latitude_n only_o will_v the_o like_a number_n of_o climb_v parallel_n and_o hour_n to_o be_v account_v in_o the_o south_n latitude_n even_o as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o north_n latitude_n and_o with_o like_a distance_n and_o note_v that_o in_o proceed_v towards_o the_o pole_n from_o the_o parallel_n whereas_o the_o long_a day_n be_v 24._o hour_n they_o account_v the_o parallel_n of_o the_o long_a day_n no_o long_o by_o hour_n but_o by_o
the_o odd_a space_n be_v 2_o degree_n be_v 120_o mile_n which_o be_v add_v to_o the_o former_a sum_n make_v in_o all_o 3720_o mile_n and_o that_o be_v the_o distance_n betwixt_o budonell_n and_o ercoco_n and_o if_o this_o way_n like_o you_o not_o then_o multiply_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o 2_o longitude_n by_o the_o mile_n answerable_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o say_a place_n which_o you_o shall_v find_v in_o a_o special_a table_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n &_o be_v set_v down_o in_o my_o sphere_n together_o with_o the_o rule_n and_o order_n that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v therein_o the_o hard_a of_o which_o 2_o way_n in_o my_o opinion_n be_v much_o more_o easy_a than_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o former_a instrument_n call_v organum_fw-la directorium_fw-la which_o instrument_n mercator_n and_o barnardus_n do_v borrow_v as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o from_o that_o which_o gemma_fw-la frizius_n call_v his_o quadratum_fw-la nauticum_fw-la invent_v by_o he_o many_o year_n since_o the_o shape_n description_n and_o use_n whereof_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o set_v down_o here_o and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o show_v both_o the_o true_a course_n and_o direction_n to_o any_o place_n more_o speedy_o and_o with_o more_o facility_n than_o the_o other_o here_o follow_v the_o mariner_n quadrant_n a_o description_n of_o gemma_fw-la frizius_n his_o instrument_n call_v quadratum_fw-la nauticum_fw-la this_o square_n by_o 2_o right_a line_n call_v diameter_n cross_v one_o another_o with_o right_a angle_n in_o the_o very_a centre_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o equal_a quarter_n and_o within_o the_o say_v square_a upon_o the_o say_a centre_n be_v draw_v a_o circle_n which_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o two_o foresay_a diameter_n be_v also_o divide_v into_o four_o quadrant_n and_o every_o quadrant_n be_v subdivide_v with_o right_a line_n into_o 8_o part_n so_o as_o in_o all_o there_o be_v 32_o line_n signifi_v the_o 32_o wind_n of_o the_o mariner_n compass_n every_o line_n have_v his_o proper_a name_n of_o wind_n write_v thereon_o and_o note_v that_o the_o right_a line_n which_o be_v draw_v right_o down_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o square_n signify_v the_o meridian_n show_v the_o northpoint_n above_o and_o the_o south_n point_n beneath_o and_o the_o other_o right_a line_n cross_v the_o same_o in_o the_o centre_n signify_v the_o equinoctial_a line_n which_o show_v the_o east_n point_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o west_n point_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o the_o circle_n itself_o signify_v the_o horizon_n now_o you_o have_v to_o understand_v that_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n upward_o the_o 2_o side_n of_o the_o square_n be_v divide_v each_o of_o they_o into_o 90_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n and_o the_o other_o two_o side_n from_o the_o equinoctial_a downward_o be_v likewise_o divide_v on_o both_o hand_n into_o 90_o degree_n of_o south_n latitude_n then_o the_o head_n or_o front_n &_o also_o the_o base_a of_o the_o say_v square_a be_v divide_v in_o the_o midst_n by_o the_o foresay_a meridian_n line_n into_o 2_o equal_a part_n whereof_o the_o first_o proceed_v from_o the_o say_a meridian_n towards_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v divide_v as_o well_o above_o as_o beneath_o into_o 90_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o that_o be_v call_v the_o east_n longitude_n and_o the_o other_o part_n proceed_v from_o the_o say_a meridian_n towards_o the_o left_a hand_n be_v likewise_o divide_v as_o well_o above_o as_o beneath_o into_o 90_o degree_n of_o longitude_n &_o be_v call_v the_o west_n longitude_n the_o use_n of_o which_o instrument_n be_v thus_o first_o know_v by_o some_o table_n or_o map_n the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o two_o place_n take_v the_o difference_n of_o both_o by_o substract_v the_o lesser_a out_o of_o the_o great_a and_o if_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o second_o place_n be_v great_a than_o the_o first_o seek_v the_o difference_n thereof_o in_o the_o front_n and_o also_o in_o the_o base_a of_o the_o east_n longitude_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n but_o if_o the_o longitude_n of_o the_o second_o place_n be_v less_o than_o the_o first_o then_o seek_v the_o difference_n thereof_o in_o the_o west_n longitude_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o here_o as_o before_o i_o mean_v by_o the_o first_o place_n that_o from_o whence_o you_o go_v of_o which_o 2_o place_n the_o first_o be_v always_o suppose_a to_o be_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o the_o other_o be_v to_o be_v find_v out_o thus_o first_o have_v seek_v out_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o longitude_n as_o well_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n as_o in_o the_o nether_a part_n and_o mark_v the_o same_o with_o one_o prick_n above_o and_o another_o beneath_o apply_v your_o ruler_n or_o a_o thread_n to_o those_o 2_o prick_n or_o else_o draw_v a_o secret_a right_a line_n from_o the_o one_o prick_v to_o the_o other_o by_o a_o ruler_n that_o do_v seek_v out_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o 2_o latitude_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o square_n that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o the_o second_o place_n have_v great_a latitude_n than_o the_o first_o than_o you_o must_v seek_v the_o difference_n in_o the_o north_n latitude_n if_o less_o then_o seek_v that_o in_o the_o south_n latitude_n and_o have_v mark_v the_o same_o on_o both_o hand_n by_o set_v down_o on_o each_o side_n a_o prick_n draw_v a_o secret_a right_a line_n from_o mark_n to_o mark_v and_o where_o the_o last_o line_n cross_v the_o first_o line_n there_o make_v a_o mark_n for_o there_o stand_v the_o place_n whereto_o you_o will_v go_v which_o if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o it_o bear_v from_o the_o first_o place_n then_o lay_v your_o ruler_n both_o to_o the_o centre_n and_o also_o to_o that_o mark_n draw_v a_o right_a line_n pass_v through_o the_o centre_n and_o also_o through_o the_o say_a mark_n from_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o circle_n to_o the_o other_o or_o else_o stretch_v a_o thread_n through_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o mark_n and_o on_o that_o side_n that_o the_o mark_n be_v you_o shall_v see_v the_o name_n of_o the_o wind_n that_o show_v how_o the_o second_o place_n bear_v from_o you_o the_o opposite_a point_n whereof_o be_v the_o wind_n whereby_o you_o have_v to_o sail_v as_o for_o example_n if_o you_o will_v know_v how_o venice_n bear_v from_o london_n now_o if_o you_o seek_v in_o the_o map_n you_o shall_v find_v london_n to_o have_v in_o longitude_n 23_o degree_n and_o 0_o minute_n and_o in_o latitude_n 51_o degree_n and_o 32_o minute_n again_o you_o shall_v find_v venice_n to_o have_v in_o longitude_n 36_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n and_o in_o latitude_n 45_o degree_n and_o 15._o minute_n or_o there_o about_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o longitude_n be_v 13_o degree_n and_o 30_o minute_n which_o because_o the_o longitude_n of_o venice_n be_v great_a than_o the_o longitude_n of_o london_n you_o must_v seek_v it_o out_o in_o the_o east_n longitude_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o mark_v the_o same_o both_o above_o and_o beneath_o again_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n be_v 6_o degree_n and_o 17_o minute_n which_o because_o venice_n have_v the_o lesser_a latitude_n seek_v that_o out_o in_o the_o south_n latitude_n mark_v the_o same_o on_o both_o hand_n that_o do_v lie_v two_o thread_n or_o else_o draw_v two_o right_a cross_a line_n from_o the_o foresay_a mark_n and_o where_o those_o two_o thread_n or_o line_n do_v cross_a make_v a_o mark_n which_o mark_n signify_v the_o place_n whereunto_o you_o will_v go_v which_o be_v venice_n then_o from_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o circle_n to_o the_o other_o lay_v a_o ruler_n or_o thread_n pass_v through_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o say_a mark_n make_v for_o venice_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o thread_n ruler_n or_o line_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n you_o shall_v see_v the_o wind_n which_o show_v how_o venice_n bear_v from_o london_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n y_z e_z wind_n whereby_o you_o have_v to_o sail_v if_o you_o e_o space_n betwixt_o y_o e_o 2_o place_n be_v all_o sea_n for_o in_o sail_v by_o sea_n you_o may_v not_o think_v to_o go_v always_o by_o a_o right_a line_n but_o often_o to_o change_v your_o course_n according_a as_o either_o mainland_n hedland_n isle_n current_n sand_n rock_n or_o such_o like_a impediment_n shall_v give_v occasion_n and_o therefore_o though_o your_o right_a course_n from_o london_n to_o venice_n be_v to_o go_v southwest_n and_o by_o east_n yet_o be_v come_v out_o of_o the_o thames_n to_o dover_n your_o course_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o cape_n of_o britain_n be_v west_n southwest_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o cape_n finis_fw-la terrae_fw-la in_o spain_n it_o be_v southwest_n and_o by_o
month_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o one_o month_n to_o six_o month_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o in_o our_o sphere_n the_o number_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a climb_v parallel_n and_o hour_n you_o shall_v find_v set_v forth_o in_o vopellius_n map_n alonge_v the_o first_o meridian_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n but_o he_o set_v down_o the_o number_n of_o the_o long_a day_n increase_a by_o month_n in_o the_o uttermost_a border_n of_o his_o map_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n betwixt_o the_o north_n pole_n and_o the_o circle_n arctic_a and_o in_o that_o border_n he_o set_v down_o the_o number_n of_o league_n and_o mile_n answerable_a to_o every_o parallel_n whereas_o also_o he_o show_v the_o three_o difference_n of_o inhabitant_n according_a to_o their_o shadow_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o periscij_fw-la heteroscij_fw-la and_o amphiscij_fw-la periscij_fw-la be_v those_o that_o dwell_v in_o any_o of_o the_o two_o cold_a zone_n who_o shadow_n go_v round_o about_o they_o heteroscij_fw-la be_v those_o that_o dwell_v in_o any_o of_o the_o two_o temperate_a zone_n who_o shadow_n tend_v at_o noontide_n but_o one_o way_n that_o be_v either_o north_n or_o south_n amphiscij_fw-la be_v those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o hot_a zone_n who_o shadow_n tend_v both_o way_n that_o be_v sometime_o north_n and_o sometime_o south_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v at_o large_a in_o our_o sphere_n but_o in_o the_o map_n of_o gemma_fw-la frizius_n you_o shall_v find_v all_o these_o thing_n set_v forth_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o his_o map_n amongst_o the_o uttermost_a circle_n whereas_o upon_o the_o circle_n arctic_a he_o set_v down_o the_o twelve_o sign_n have_v certain_a compass_a line_n run_v down_o to_o the_o equinoctial_a meet_v and_o concur_v all_o in_o one_o point_n at_o the_o end_n whereof_o upon_o the_o equinoctial_a you_o shall_v find_v the_o number_n of_o hour_n at_o which_o the_o sun_n rise_v in_o every_o degree_n of_o latitude_n also_o at_o the_o nether_a end_n of_o his_o map_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n he_o place_v a_o half_a quadrant_a which_o he_o call_v directorium_fw-la nauticum_fw-la whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o and_o because_o he_o will_v have_v his_o map_n to_o serve_v both_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o set_v down_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o mariner_n compass_n divide_v with_o 32_o line_n signifi_v y_o e_o 32._o wind_n which_o do_v show_v how_o every_o place_n bear_v one_o from_o the_o other_o and_o by_o what_o wind_n a_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v direct_v from_o one_o part_n to_o another_o which_o thing_n be_v also_o observe_v in_o mercators_n map_n and_o other_o that_o have_v write_v more_o late_o and_o yet_o nothing_o serviceable_a for_o the_o sea_n because_o as_o m_n borowgh_n controller_n of_o her_o majesty_n navy_n a_o man_n most_o skilful_a in_o the_o art_n of_o sail_v say_v no_o consideration_n be_v have_v in_o the_o say_a map_n or_o card_n touch_v y_o e_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n without_o the_o which_o they_o can_v never_o set_v down_o any_o true_a or_o just_a direction_n now_o as_o touch_v the_o division_n and_o order_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n most_o common_o describe_v in_o universal_a map_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n not_o know_v then_o the_o west_n indies_n nor_o many_o other_o place_n situate_v both_o northward_o and_o southward_o which_o have_v be_v since_o discover_v divide_v the_o whole_a earth_n only_o into_o three_o part_n that_o be_v europe_n aphrike_n and_o asia_n in_o the_o description_n whereof_o their_o map_n never_o extend_v in_o latitude_n northwards_o further_o then_o to_o 63_o degree_n as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o in_o my_o sphere_n and_o southward_o no_o further_o then_o to_o 20_o degree_n of_o the_o northern_a latitude_n or_o there_o about_o but_o in_o longitude_n from_o west_n to_o east_n begin_v the_o same_o at_o the_o island_n call_v insulae_fw-la canariae_fw-la or_o fortunatae_fw-la which_o be_v situate_v at_o the_o west_n end_n of_o aphrike_n in_o the_o sea_n call_v mare_n atlanticum_n their_o description_n do_v extend_v to_o 180_o degree_n but_o because_o a_o whole_a world_n almost_o have_v be_v find_v out_o since_o those_o time_n our_o modern_a cosmographer_n do_v divide_v the_o whole_a earth_n into_o 4_o part_n that_o be_v europe_n aphrike_n asia_n and_o america_n which_o we_o now_o call_v the_o west_n indies_n and_o because_o man_n of_o diverse_a nation_n have_v sail_v round_o about_o the_o world_n east_n and_o west_n their_o late_a description_n do_v extend_v in_o longitude_n the_o whole_a content_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a which_o be_v 360_o degree_n and_o in_o latitude_n northwards_o the_o same_o description_n do_v extend_v to_o 80_o degree_n and_o southwards_o to_o 66_o ½_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o universal_a map_n late_o set_v forth_o by_o mercator_n and_o by_o barnardus_n puteanus_n and_o other_o but_o the_o ancient_a and_o modern_a do_v great_o differ_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o part_n of_o latitude_n as_o well_o northern_a as_o southern_a and_o also_o in_o longitude_n for_o whereas_o the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n do_v divide_v each_o latitude_n into_o 90._o degree_n by_o certain_a parallel_n make_v 9_o equal_a space_n every_o space_n contain_v 10._o equal_a degree_n in_o the_o latter_a map_n last_o mention_v you_o shall_v find_v those_o space_n and_o the_o degree_n thereof_o altogether_o unequal_a the_o first_o 3_o space_n next_o the_o equinoctial_a only_o except_v for_o those_o differ_v not_o above_o one_o half_a degree_n at_o the_o most_o but_o from_o thence_o northward_o every_o space_n be_v great_a than_o other_o and_o every_o degree_n in_o every_o such_o space_n be_v great_a than_o other_o insomuch_o as_o the_o four_o space_n contain_v 11_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a of_o those_o degree_n which_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o first_o space_n and_o the_o five_o space_n contain_v of_o such_o degree_n 13_o degree_n ¾_n the_o 6_o space_n contain_v of_o the_o say_a degree_n 16_o degree_n ¼_n y_z e_z 7_o contain_v of_o the_o same_o degree_n 20_o degree_n ½_n so_o as_o the_o space_n be_v be_v twice_o so_o broad_a as_o the_o first_o space_n and_o one_o half_a degree_n more_o the_o eight_o space_n contain_v of_o the_o say_v first_o degree_n 36_o further_o than_o which_o 8_o space_n contain_v 80_o degree_n of_o latitude_n their_o map_n extend_v not_o northward_o and_o they_o observe_v the_o like_a proportion_n in_o the_o southern_a latitude_n save_v that_o they_o extend_v no_o far_o southward_o than_o to_o 66_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a again_o they_o differ_v in_o longitude_n thus_o for_o the_o modern_a cosmographer_n do_v make_v the_o first_o meridian_n to_o pass_v through_o the_o isle_n call_v azore_n which_o do_v stand_v 5_o degree_n more_o westward_o then_o the_o fortunate_a island_n do_v through_o which_o fortunate_a island_n ptolomey_n and_o his_o follower_n do_v appoint_v the_o first_o meridian_n to_o pass_v the_o cause_n of_o which_o transpose_v the_o say_v first_o meridian_n be_v because_o that_o the_o mariner_n compass_n do_v never_o show_v the_o right_a north_n and_o south_n in_o any_o other_o place_n but_o only_o under_o that_o meridian_n yea_o m._n borowgh_n think_v that_o it_o will_v show_v it_o more_o true_o if_o the_o say_a meridian_n be_v place_v somewhat_o more_o westward_o but_o in_o those_o card_n and_o map_n that_o be_v make_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o ptolomey_n the_o space_n of_o parallel_n contain_v the_o 90._o degree_n of_o latitude_n both_o northward_o and_o southward_o be_v equal_a and_o all_o the_o degree_n of_o every_o such_o space_n be_v also_o equal_a and_o yet_o the_o space_n of_o parallel_n that_o show_v the_o long_a day_n in_o any_o place_n be_v towards_o the_o pole_n every_o one_o more_o narrow_a than_o other_o for_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o in_o my_o sphere_n there_o be_v 3_o kind_n of_o parallel_n that_o be_v parallel_n of_o the_o sun_n parallel_n of_o the_o latitude_n &_o parallel_n of_o the_o long_a day_n the_o cause_n why_o in_o these_o latter_a map_n the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n be_v make_v great_a and_o great_a towards_o the_o pole_n be_v set_v down_o by_o barnardus_n in_o his_o universal_a map_n who_o say_v there_o that_o in_o make_v the_o say_a map_n he_o have_v 3._o special_a care_n first_o that_o the_o place_n may_v be_v so_o situate_v as_o they_o may_v have_v both_o true_a direction_n and_o distance_n and_o also_o due_a longitude_n and_o latitude_n and_o as_o nigh_o as_o may_v be_v the_o same_o very_a shape_n which_o they_o have_v in_o the_o sphere_n or_o globe_n to_o which_o end_n he_o have_v invent_v a_o new_a proportion_n or_o habitude_n of_o the_o meridian_n to_o the_o parallel_n affirm_v that_o the_o map_n before_o make_v be_v not_o fit_a for_o navigation_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o crookedness_n