Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	draw_v	let_v	line_n	2,686	5	9.4422	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A60739	Polygraphice, or, The arts of drawing, engraving, etching, limning, painting, washing, varnishing, gilding, colouring, dying, beautifying, and perfuming in four books : exemplifyed in the drawing of men, women, landskips, countries and figures of various forms, the way of engraving, etching, and limning, with all their requisites and ornaments, the depicting of the most eminent pieces of antiquities, the paintings of the antients, washing of maps, globes or pictures, the dying of cloth, silk, horns, bones, wood, glass, stones and metals, the varnishing, colouring and gilding thereof according to any purpose or intent, the painting, colouring and beautifying of the face, skin and hair, the whole doctrine of perfumes, never published till now, together with the original, advancement and perfection of the art of painting / by William Salmon ...	Salmon, William, 1644-1713.	1673 (1673)	Wing S445; ESTC R16620	189,914	371

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nature_n its_o opposite_a w_n sherwin_n sc_n w_n sherwin_n 〈◊〉_d chap._n viii_o of_o shadow_v a_o naked_a body_n i._o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o neck_n in_o a_o child_n or_o young_a woman_n be_v very_o fine_a rare_a and_o hard_o to_o be_v see_v in_o a_o man_n the_o sinew_n and_o vein_n be_v express_v by_o shadow_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o leave_v they_o white_a the_o shoulder_n be_v shadow_v underneath_o the_o brawn_n of_o the_o arm_n must_v appear_v full_a and_o white_a shadow_v on_o one_o side_n ii_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o back_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o the_o knuckle_n be_v make_v with_o two_o or_o three_o hair_n stroke_n with_o a_o fine_a touch_n of_o the_o pen._n iii_o the_o pap_n of_o a_o man_n be_v show_v by_o two_o or_o three_o stroke_n give_v underneath_o in_o a_o woman_n with_o a_o orbicular_a shade_n somewhat_o deep_a the_o rib_n retain_v no_o shadow_n except_o you_o represent_v one_o lean_a or_o starve_a iv_o the_o belly_n be_v make_v eminent_a by_o shadow_v underneath_o the_o breast_n bone_n and_o the_o flank_n the_o brawn_n of_o the_o thigh_n be_v shadow_v by_o draw_v small_a hair_n stroke_n from_o the_o hip_n to_o the_o knee_n and_o cross_v again_o overthwart_o v._o the_o knee_n be_v to_o be_v fine_o shadow_v underneath_o the_o joint_n the_o shinbone_n appear_v by_o shadow_v one_o half_a of_o the_o leg_n with_o a_o single_a shadow_n vi_o the_o ankle-bone_n appear_v by_o shadow_v a_o little_a underneath_o as_o in_o the_o knee_n and_o the_o sinew_n thereof_o must_v seem_v to_o take_v beginning_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o foot_n and_o to_o wax_v big_a as_o they_o grow_v near_o to_o the_o toe_n vii_o last_o

the_o same_o flat_a xix_o when_o these_o face_n on_o a_o crystal_n be_v turn_v towards_o a_o plain_a place_v direct_o before_o it_o they_o separate_z themselves_o at_o a_o good_a distance_n on_o the_o plain_a because_o they_o be_v all_o direct_v to_o various_a far_o distant_a place_n of_o the_o same_o xx._n but_o for_o the_o assign_v to_o each_o of_o they_o a_o place_n on_o the_o same_o plain_a no_o geometric_a rule_n be_v yet_o invent_v chap._n xxix_o a_o rational_a demonstration_n of_o chiromantical_a signature_n add_v by_o way_n of_o appendix_n to_o chap._n v._o of_o this_o book_n i._o the_o soundation_n of_o chiromancie_n depend_v upon_o the_o true_a appropriation_n of_o the_o several_a mount_n finger_n or_o place_n in_o the_o hand_n to_o their_o proper_a star_n or_o planet_n ii_o the_o ancient_n have_v assign_v the_o root_n of_o the_o middle_a finger_n to_o saturn_n of_o the_o forefinger_n to_o jupiter_n the_o hollow_a of_o the_o hand_n to_o mars_n the_o root_n of_o the_o 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orator_n stationer_n cheater_n thief_n petty-lawers_a philosopher_n mathematician_n astrologer_n fourteen_o luna_n be_v the_o author_n of_o popular_a fame_n both_o good_a and_o evil_a joy_n and_o sorrow_n mutability_n and_o inconstancy_n affection_n and_o disaffection_n moisture_n and_o every_o affect_v which_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v common_a she_o signify_v water_n ship_n seaman_n of_o all_o sort_n queen_n lady_n a_o governess_n the_o common_a people_n in_o general_n neighbour_n mother_n kindred_n fishmonger_n vintner_n tapster_n midwife_n nurse_n and_o traveller_n this_o be_v know_v understand_v xv._o first_o that_o the_o line_n take_v their_o signification_n from_o the_o mount_n of_o that_o planet_n from_o whence_o they_o rise_v xvi_o second_o that_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o any_o line_n rise_v show_v the_o ground_n cause_n or_o original_n of_o the_o thing_n fignify_v by_o that_o line_n the_o line_n or_o mount_v to_o which_o it_o point_v show_v the_o issue_n to_o what_o the_o thing_n tend_v and_o what_o may_v be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o matter_n signify_v xvii_o three_o that_o whether_o the_o line_n signify_v good_a or_o evil_n if_o it_o be_v cut_v or_o cross_v by_o any_o other_o line_n that_o line_n so_o cut_v it_o will_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n not_o only_o abate_v the_o good_a but_o also_o take_v away_o the_o evil_a if_o it_o so_o signify_v xviii_o four_o that_o the_o nature_n and_o quality_n of_o that_o line_n thus_o destroy_v the_o signification_n of_o the_o former_a be_v know_v by_o consider_v from_o what_o place_n it_o rise_v and_o to_o what_o place_n it_o tend_v xix_o five_o that_o a_o double_a judgement_n arise_v from_o every_o line_n by_o account_v its_o rise_n first_o from_o the_o one_o end_n second_o from_o the_o other_o xx._n sixthly_a that_o little_a line_n rise_v out_o of_o the_o side_n of_o any_o other_o line_n both_o augment_v the_o thing_n signify_v by_o that_o line_n and_o also_o signify_v new_a matter_n arise_v by_o thing_n signify_v by_o the_o line_n from_o whence_o they_o rise_v and_o the_o place_n to_o which_o they_o point_v show_v to_o what_o they_o tend_v xxi_o seven_o that_o the_o mount_n or_o line_n adorn_v with_o star_n or_o small_a line_n not_o cross_v or_o point_v to_o evil_a place_n show_v great_a good_a and_o happiness_n to_o the_o person_n by_o thing_n signify_v by_o the_o same_o mount_n or_o line_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a vitiate_v with_o cross_n spot_n or_o knot_n show_v much_o evil_a and_o perplexity_n xxii_o last_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o line_n show_v in_o the_o beginning_n or_o before_o part_n of_o life_n the_o middle_n in_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o life_n and_o the_o end_n of_o they_o the_o latter-part_n or_o end_n of_o life_n so_o that_o if_o any_o evil_a or_o good_a be_v signify_v by_o any_o line_n you_o must_v hint_n the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o aforesaid_a reason_n it_o be_v true_a here_o we_o ought_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o denominated_a time_n when_o the_o thing_n signify_v shall_v come_v to_o pass_v but_o because_o that_o matter_n be_v something_o long_o and_o abstruse_a be_v more_o fit_a to_o be_v handle_v in_o a_o particular_a tract_n wherein_o all_o its_o curiosity_n may_v be_v examine_v this_o our_o present_a work_n be_v a_o a_o subject_n of_o another_o nature_n and_o these_o thing_n not_o essential_a to_o our_o purpose_n but_o only_o add_v by_o way_n of_o appendix_n we_o shall_v at_o this_o time_n forbear_v notwithstanding_o although_o we_o have_v not_o here_o delineate_v every_o thing_n in_o particular_a yet_o we_o have_v lay_v as_o it_o be_v the_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o art_n out_o of_o which_o as_o out_o of_o a_o fountain_n the_o industrious_a student_n may_v at_o his_o own_o leisure_n and_o pleasure_n rear_v a_o stately_a fabric_n polygraphices_n libre_fw-la secundus_fw-la of_o engrave_v etch_v and_o limn_v show_v the_o instrument_n belong_v to_o the_o work_n the_o matter_n of_o the_o work_n the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o perform_v

to_o end_n lean_a on_o the_o needle_n with_o a_o equal_a force_n lean_v light_o where_o you_o will_v have_v the_o line_n or_o stroke_n fine_a or_o small_a and_o more_o heavy_a where_o you_o will_v have_v the_o line_n appear_v deep_a or_o large_a thereby_o the_o needle_n may_v have_v some_o impression_n in_o the_o copper_n iv_o if_o your_o line_n or_o hatch_n be_v too_o small_a pass_v over_o they_o again_o with_o a_o short_a round_a point_n of_o such_o a_o bigness_n as_o you_o will_v have_v the_o line_n of_o lean_v strong_o where_o you_o will_v have_v the_o line_n deep_a v._o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v the_o needle_n with_o oval_a point_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o make_v large_a and_o deep_a stroke_n be_v much_o like_a that_o of_o a_o pen_n only_o the_o flat_a side_n whet_v be_v usual_o hold_v towards_o the_o thumb_n but_o they_o may_v be_v use_v with_o the_o face_n of_o the_o oval_a turn_v towards_o the_o middle_a finger_n vi_o if_o you_o will_v end_v with_o a_o fine_a stroke_n you_o ought_v to_o do_v that_o with_o a_o very_a fine_a needle_n vii_o in_o use_v the_o oval_a point_n hold_v they_o as_o upright_o and_o straight_o in_o your_o hand_n as_o you_o can_v strike_v your_o stroke_n firm_o and_o free_o for_o that_o will_v add_v much_o to_o their_o beauty_n and_o clearness_n viii_o in_o landscape_n in_o place_n far_a from_o the_o sight_n as_o also_o near_a the_o light_n use_v a_o very_a stend_a point_n lean_v so_o light_o with_o your_o hand_n as_o to_o make_v a_o small_a faint_a stroke_n ix_o in_o work_v be_v careful_a to_o brush_v off_o all_o the_o dust_n which_o you_o work_v off_o with_o the_o needle_n chap_n x._o of_o use_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la i._o if_o there_o be_v any_o stroke_n which_o you_o will_v not_o have_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la eat_v into_o or_o any_o place_n where_o the_o varnish_n be_v rub_v off_o melt_v some_o prepare_a oil_n and_o with_o a_o pencil_n cover_v those_o place_n pretty_a thick_a ii_o then_o take_v a_o brush_n pencil_n or_o rag_n and_o dip_v it_o in_o the_o prepare_a oil_n and_o rub_v the_o back_n side_n of_o the_o plate_n all_o over_o that_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la may_v not_o hurt_v it_o if_o by_o chance_n any_o shall_v fall_v thereon_o iii_o before_o you_o put_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la to_o the_o plate_n gentle_o warm_a or_o dry_v the_o plate_n by_o a_o fire_n to_o dry_v up_o the_o humidity_n which_o it_o may_v contract_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o air_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o break_n up_o the_o varnish_n upon_o the_o first_o pour_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la thereon_o iv_o place_v the_o plate_n by_o the_o 12_o section_n of_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n and_o with_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n pour_v upon_o the_o plate_n begime_v at_o the_o top_n so_o move_v your_o hand_n that_o it_o may_v run_v all_o over_o the_o plate_n which_o do_v for_o eight_o or_o ten_o time_n then_o turn_v it_o corner-wise_a and_o pour_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la on_o it_o that_o way_n ten_o or_o twelve_o time_n and_o then_o turn_v it_o again_o corner-wise_a the_o other_o way_n pour_v on_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la eight_o or_o ten_o time_n as_o before_o do_v thus_o several_a time_n for_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n or_o more_o according_a to_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o water_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o copper_n for_o there_o must_v be_v less_o time_n allow_v to_o hard_a and_o brittle_a copper_n for_o pour_v on_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la but_o more_o to_o the_o soft_a v._o but_o you_o must_v have_v special_a regard_n to_o cast_v on_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v and_o work_n be_v cast_v it_o on_o at_o several_a time_n and_o on_o several_a place_n where_o you_o will_v have_v it_o very_o deep_a often_o where_o less_o deep_a few_o time_n where_o light_a less_o yet_o where_o light_a lesser_a yet_o and_o where_o so_o light_a as_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v see_v once_o or_o twice_o wash_v it_o with_o water_n and_o cover_v it_o where_o you_o will_v have_v it_o light_a vi_o have_v thus_o cover_v your_o plate_n as_o occasion_n require_v for_o the_o second_o time_n place_v the_o plate_n on_o the_o frame_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o pour_v on_o it_o your_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la for_o a_o full_a half_a hour_n vii_o then_o wash_v it_o with_o water_n and_o dry_v it_o cover_v the_o place_n which_o require_v lightness_n or_o faintness_n that_o they_o may_v be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o design_n then_o pour_v on_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la for_o the_o last_o time_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o your_o work_n and_o the_o deepnse_n that_o it_o require_v viii_o you_o may_v rub_v off_o the_o varnish_n or_o ground_n as_o occasion_n in_o your_o work_n require_v with_o a_o charcoal_n to_o see_v whether_o the_o water_n have_v eat_v deep_o enough_o by_o which_o you_o may_v judge_v of_o the_o space_n of_o time_n that_o you_o be_v after_o to_o employ_v in_o pour_v on_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la in_o the_o work_v you_o will_v have_v to_o do_v which_o if_o the_o shadow_n require_v much_o depth_n or_o aught_o to_o be_v very_o black_a the_o water_n ought_v to_o be_v pour_v on_o at_o the_o least_o time_n for_o a_o hour_n or_o better_a yet_o know_v no_o certain_a rule_n of_o time_n can_v be_v limit_v for_o this_o chap._n xi_o of_o finish_v the_o work_n i._o all_z the_o former_a operation_n be_v do_v wash_v the_o plate_n with_o fair_a water_n and_o put_v it_o wet_a upon_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o mixture_n be_v well_o melt_v and_o then_o wipe_v it_o very_o clean_a on_o both_o side_n with_o a_o linen_n cloth_n till_o you_o have_v cleanse_v it_o of_o all_o the_o mixture_n ii_o take_v charcoal_n of_o willow_n take_v off_o the_o rind_n of_o it_o and_o put_v fair_a water_n on_o the_o plate_n rub_v it_o with_o the_o charcoal_n as_o if_o you_o be_v to_o polish_v it_o and_o it_o will_v take_v off_o the_o varnish_n where_o note_n that_o the_o coal_n must_v be_v free_a from_o all_o knot_n and_o roughness_n and_o that_o no_o sand_n or_o filth_n fall_v upon_o the_o plate_n iii_o take_v ordinary_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la to_o which_o add_v two_o three_o part_n of_o water_n and_o with_o some_o linen_n rag_n dip_v therein_o rub_v the_o plate_n all_o over_o so_o will_v you_o take_v away_o its_o discolour_n and_o recover_v its_o former_a beauty_n iv_o then_o take_v dry_a linen_n rag_n and_o wipe_v the_o plate_n so_o as_o to_o take_v off_o all_o the_o aforesaid_a water_n and_o then_o hold_v it_o a_o little_a to_o the_o fire_n put_v upon_o it_o a_o little_a oil_n olive_n and_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o old_a beaver_n roll_v up_o rub_v the_o plate_n well_o all_o over_o and_o last_o wipe_v it_o well_o with_o a_o dry_a cloth_n v._o then_o if_o any_o place_n need_v touch_v with_o the_o grave_a as_o sometime_o it_o happen_v especial_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v very_o deep_a or_o black_a perfect_a they_o with_o care_n which_o do_v the_o plate_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o rolling_n press_n chap._n xii_o the_o way_n of_o use_v the_o soft_a varnish_n the_o plate_n be_v prepare_v by_o cleanse_v it_o with_o a_o charcoal_n and_o clean_a water_n wash_v it_o well_o and_o dry_v it_o then_o with_o fine_a white_a chalk_n scrape_v and_o a_o fine_a rag_n rub_v it_o well_o over_o not_o touch_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n ii_o lay_v down_o your_o plate_n over_o a_o chafing-dish_n of_o small_a coal_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o fire_n may_v have_v air_n then_o take_v the_o ground_n or_o soft_a varnish_n it_o be_v tie_v up_o in_o a_o fine_a rag_n and_o rub_v it_o up_o and_o down_o the_o copper_n so_o as_o it_o may_v sufficient_o cover_v it_o not_o too_o thin_a nor_o too_o thick_a then_o take_v a_o feather_n and_o smooth_a it_o as_o well_o as_o possible_o you_o can_v all_o one_o way_n and_o then_o cross_v it_o till_o it_o lie_v very_o well_o but_o you_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o the_o plate_n be_v not_o too_o hot_a for_o if_o it_o lie_v till_o the_o ground_n smoke_n the_o moisture_n will_v be_v dry_v up_o and_o that_o will_v spoil_v the_o work_n and_o make_v the_o ground_n break_v or_o fly_v up_o iii_o then_o grind_v some_o white_a lead_n with_o gum_n water_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v of_o a_o convenient_a thickness_n to_o spread_v on_o the_o copper_n and_o with_o a_o large_a pencil_n or_o small_a brush_n strike_v the_o plate_n cross_v over_o twice_o or_o thrice_o till_o it_o be_v smooth_a and_o then_o with_o a_o large_a brush_n make_v of_o squirrel_n tail_n gentle_o smooth_v the_o white_a and_o then_o let_v it_o lie_v till_o it_o be_v dry_a iu._n

it_o which_o when_o dry_a burnish_v it_o vi_o to_o diaper_n on_o gold_n or_o silver_n you_o must_v diaper_n on_o gold_n with_o lake_n and_o yellow_a ochre_n but_o upon_o silver_n with_o ceruse_n vii_o aurum_fw-la musicum_fw-la take_v fine_a crystal_n orpiment_n of_o each_o one_o ounce_n beat_v each_o several_o into_o a_o fine_a powder_n then_o grind_v they_o together_o well_o with_o glair_n you_o may_v write_v with_o it_o with_o pen_n or_o pencil_n and_o your_o letter_n or_o draught_n will_v be_v of_o a_o good_a gold_n colour_n chap._n xxii_o of_o prepare_v the_o colour_n i._o colour's_n according_a to_o their_o nature_n have_v each_o a_o particular_a way_n of_o preparation_n to_o wit_n by_o grind_v wash_a or_o steep_v ii_o the_o chief_a colour_n to_o be_v ground_n be_v these_o white_a lead_n ceruse_n sinaper_n lake_n ochre_n pink_n indigo_n umber_n colens_fw-la earth_n spanish_a brown_n ivory_n black_a cherry-stone_n black_n iii_o the_o chief_a colour_n to_o be_v wash_v be_v red_a lead_n masticot_n green_a bice_n cedar_n green_a ultramarine_a blue_a bice_n smalt_n verditure_n iv_o the_o chief_a colour_n to_o be_v steep_v be_v sap-green_n saffron_n turnsole_n stone_n blue_a venice_n berry_n v._o to_o grind_v colour_n take_v the_o colour_n you_o will_v grind_v and_o scrape_v off_o from_o it_o all_o the_o filth_n then_o lay_v it_o upon_o the_o stone_n and_o with_o the_o mull_a bruise_v it_o a_o little_a then_o put_v thereto_o a_o little_a spring_n water_n and_o grind_v all_o together_o very_o well_o till_o the_o colour_n be_v very_o fine_a which_o do_v pour_v it_o out_o into_o certain_a hollow_n or_o furrow_n cut_v in_o chalk-stone_n and_o there_o let_v it_o lie_v till_o it_o be_v dry_a which_o reserve_v in_o paper_n or_o glass_n vi_o to_o wash_v colour_n put_v the_o colour_n into_o a_o glaze_v vessel_n and_o put_v thereto_o fair_a water_n plentiful_o wash_v it_o well_o and_o decant_v after_o a_o while_n the_o water_n do_v this_o six_o or_o seven_o time_n at_o last_o put_v the_o water_n be_v just_o trouble_v into_o another_o glaze_v vessel_n leave_v the_o dregs_o at_o bottom_n then_o into_o this_o second_o vessel_n put_v more_o fair_a water_n wash_v it_o as_o before_o till_o the_o water_n be_v settle_v be_v clear_a and_o the_o colour_n remain_v fine_a at_o bottom_n we_o have_v teach_v another_o way_n at_o the_o twenty_o four_o section_n of_o the_o eighteen_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n vii_o to_o steep_a colour_n take_v a_o quantity_n thereof_o and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o shell_n and_o fill_v the_o shell_n with_o fair_a water_n to_o which_o add_v some_o fine_a powder_n of_o alom_n to_o raise_v the_o colour_n let_v it_o thus_o steep_a a_o day_n and_o night_n and_o you_o will_v have_v a_o good_a colour_n where_o note_n saffron_n steep_v in_o vinegar_n give_v a_o good_a colour_n and_o the_o venice_n berry_n in_o fair_a water_n and_o a_o little_a alom_n or_o a_o drop_n or_o two_o of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n make_v a_o fair_a yellow_a viii_o to_o temper_v the_o colour_n take_v a_o little_a of_o any_o colour_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o clean_a shell_n and_o add_v thereto_o a_o few_o drop_n of_o gum_n water_n and_o with_o your_o finger_n work_v it_o about_o the_o shell_n then_o let_v it_o dry_v when_o dry_a touch_v it_o with_o your_o finger_n if_o any_o colour_n come_v off_o you_o must_v add_v strong_a gum_n water_n but_o be_v dry_a if_o the_o colour_n glister_n or_o shine_v it_o be_v a_o sign_n there_o be_v too_o much_o gum_n in_o it_o which_o you_o may_v remedy_v by_o put_v in_o fair_a water_n ix_o to_o help_v the_o defect_n some_o colour_n as_o lake_n umber_n and_o other_o which_o be_v hard_a will_v crack_v when_o they_o be_v dry_a in_o this_o case_n in_o temper_v they_o add_v a_o little_a white_a sugar_n candy_n in_o very_o fine_a powder_n which_o mix_v with_o the_o colour_n and_o fair_a water_n in_o the_o shell_n till_o the_o sugar_n candy_n be_v dissolve_v x._o these_o colour_n umber_n spanish_a brown_a colen_n earth_n cherry-stone_n and_o ivory_n black_a be_v to_o be_v burn_v before_o they_o be_v ground_n or_o wash_v xi_o to_o burn_v or_o calcine_v colour_n this_o be_v do_v in_o a_o crucible_n cover_v the_o mouth_n thereof_o with_o clay_n and_o set_v it_o in_o a_o hot_a fire_n till_o you_o be_v sure_a it_o be_v red_a hot_a through_o which_o do_v be_v cold_a wash_v or_o grind_v it_o as_o aforesaid_a xii_o to_o prepare_v shadow_n for_o colour_n white_a be_v shade_v with_o black_a and_o contrariwise_o yellow_a with_o umber_n and_o the_o oker_n vermilion_n with_o lake_n blue_a bice_n with_o indie_n black_a coal_n with_o roset_n etc._n etc._n chap._n xxiii_o of_o the_o manual_a instrument_n i._o the_o manual_a instrument_n be_v four_o by_o the_o second_o section_n of_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n to_o wit_n the_o grind_n stone_n and_o muller_n pencil_n table_n to_o limn_v on_o and_o shell_n or_o little_a glass_n or_o china_n dish_n ii_o the_o grind_v stone_n may_v be_v of_o porphury_a serpentine_a or_o marble_n but_o rather_o a_o pibble_n for_o that_o be_v the_o best_a of_o all_o other_o the_o muller_n only_o of_o pebble_n which_o keep_v very_o clean_o these_o may_v be_v easy_o get_v of_o marbler_n or_o stone-cutter_n in_o london_n iii_o choose_v your_o pencil_n thus_o by_o their_o fastness_n in_o the_o quill_n and_o their_o sharp_a point_n after_o you_o have_v draw_v or_o wet_v they_o in_o your_o mouth_n two_o or_o three_o time_n so_o that_o although_o large_a yet_o their_o point_n will_v come_v to_o as_o small_a as_o a_o hair_n which_o then_o be_v good_a but_o if_o they_o spread_v or_o have_v any_o extravagant_a hair_n they_o be_v naught_o to_o wash_v your_o pencil_n after_o use_v they_o rub_v the_o end_n of_o they_o well_o with_o soap_n then_o lay_v they_o a_o while_n in_o warm_a water_n to_o steep_v then_o take_v they_o out_o and_o wash_v they_o well_o in_o other_o fair_a water_n v._o to_o prepare_v the_o table_n it_o must_v be_v make_v of_o pure_a fine_a paste-board_n such_o as_o card_n be_v make_v of_o of_o what_o thickness_n you_o please_v very_o fine_o slick_v and_o glaze_v take_v a_o piece_n of_o this_o paste-board_n of_o the_o bigness_n you_o intend_v the_o picture_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o fine_a and_o white_a parchment_n you_o can_v get_v virgin_n parchment_n which_o cut_v of_o equal_a bigness_n with_o the_o past_a board_n with_o thin_a white_a new_a make_v starch_n past_o the_o parchment_n to_o the_o paste-board_n with_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o skin_n outwardmost_fw-mi lay_v on_o the_o starch_n very_o thin_a and_o even_a then_o the_o grind_a stone_n be_v clean_o lay_v the_o card_n thereon_o with_o the_o parchment_n side_n downward_o and_o as_o hard_o as_o you_o can_v rub_v the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o paste-board_n with_o a_o boar_n tooth_n set_v in_o a_o stick_n then_o let_v it_o be_v through_o dry_a and_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a to_o work_v or_o limn_v any_o curious_a thing_n upon_o vi_o the_o shell_n hold_v or_o contain_v your_o colour_n aught_o to_o be_v horse-muscle_n shell_n which_o may_v be_v get_v in_o july_n about_o rivers_n side_n but_o the_o next_o to_o these_o be_v small_a muscle_n shell_n or_o in_o stead_n thereof_o little_a china_n or_o glass_n vessel_n chap._n xxiv_o of_o preparation_n for_o limn_v i._o have_v two_o small_a glass_n or_o china_n dish_n in_o either_o of_o which_o must_v be_v pure_a clean_a water_n the_o one_o to_o wash_v the_o pencil_n in_o be_v foul_a the_o other_o to_o temper_v the_o colour_n with_o when_o there_o be_v occasion_n ii_o beside_o the_o pencil_n you_o limn_v with_o a_o large_a clean_o and_o dry_a pencil_n to_o cleanse_v the_o work_n from_o any_o kind_n of_o dust_n that_o may_v fall_v upon_o it_o which_o one_o call_v fitch-pencil_n iii_o a_o sharp_a penknife_n to_o take_v off_o hair_n that_o may_v come_v from_o your_o pencil_n either_o among_o the_o colour_n or_o upon_o the_o work_n or_o to_o take_v out_o spot_n that_o may_v fall_v upon_o the_o card_n or_o table_n iv_o a_o paper_n with_o a_o hole_n cut_v therein_o to_o lay_v over_o the_o card_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o dust_n and_o filth_n to_o rest_v your_o hand_n upon_o and_o to_o keep_v the_o soil_n and_o sweat_v of_o your_o hand_n from_o sully_v the_o parchment_n as_o also_o to_o try_v your_o pencil_n on_o before_o you_o use_v they_o let_v the_o small_a glass_n water_n pencil_n and_o penknife_n lie_v all_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n v._o have_v ready_a a_o quantity_n of_o light_a carnation_n or_o flesh_n colour_n temper_v up_o in_o a_o shell_n by_o itself_o with_o a_o weak_a gum_n water_n if_o it_o be_v a_o fair_a complexion_n mix_v white_a and_o red_a lead_n together_o if_o a_o brown_a or_o swart_a add_v to_o the_o former_a

well_o dissolve_v and_o mix_v which_o will_v be_v in_o about_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n then_o cool_v it_o a_o little_a pour_v it_o into_o a_o basin_n of_o fair_a water_n all_o except_o the_o dregs_o and_o with_o your_o hand_n wet_a before_o it_o be_v cold_a form_n it_o into_o roll_n vi_o to_o make_v the_o prepare_a oil_n take_v oil_n olive_n make_v it_o hot_a in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n and_o put_v into_o it_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o try_a sheep_n suet_n so_o much_o as_o be_v drop_v upon_o a_o cold_a thing_n the_o oil_n may_v be_v a_o little_a harden_a and_o firm_a boil_v they_o together_o for_o a_o hour_n till_o they_o be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n lest_o they_o shall_v separate_v when_o you_o use_v they_o this_o mixture_n be_v to_o make_v the_o fat_a more_o liquid_a and_o not_o cool_v so_o fast_o for_o the_o fat_a alone_o will_v be_v no_o soon_o on_o the_o pencil_n but_o it_o will_v grow_v cold_a and_o be_v sure_a to_o put_v in_o more_o oil_n in_o winter_n than_o in_o summer_n vii_o to_o make_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la take_v distil_a white-wine_n vinegar_n three_o pint_n shall_v ammoniac_a bay-falt_n of_o each_o six_o ounce_n vertegriese_n four_o ounce_n put_v all_o together_o into_o a_o large_a well_o glaze_v earthen_a pot_n that_o they_o may_v not_o bo●_n over_o cover_v the_o pot_n close_o and_o put_v it_o on_o a_o quick_a fire_n and_o let_v it_o speedy_o boil_v two_o or_o three_o great_a walm_n and_o no_o more_o when_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o boil_v uncover_v the_o pot_n and_o stir_v it_o sometime_o with_o a_o stick_n take_v heed_n that_o it_o boil_v not_o over_o have_v boil_v take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v be_v close_o cover_v and_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a put_v it_o into_o a_o glass_n bottle_n with_o a_o glass_n stopple_n if_o it_o be_v too_o strong_a in_o etch_v weaken_v it_o with_o a_o glass_n or_o two_o of_o the_o same_o vinegar_n you_o make_v it_o of_o there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o be_v call_v common_a which_o be_v exhibit_v in_o synopsis_fw-la medicinae_fw-la lib._n 3._o cap._n 7._o sect_n 4._o pag._n 656._o but_o because_o that_o book_n may_v not_o be_v in_o every_o man_n hand_n we_o will_v here_o insert_v it_o it_o be_v thus_o take_v dry_v vitriol_n two_o pound_n saltpetre_n one_o pound_n mix_v they_o and_o distil_v by_o a_o retort_n in_o open_a fire_n by_o degree_n viii_o to_o make_v the_o etch_v needle_n choose_v needle_n of_o several_a size_n such_o as_o will_v break_v without_o bend_v and_o of_o a_o fine_a grain_n then_o take_v good_a round_o stick_v of_o firm_a wood_n not_o apt_a to_o split_v about_o six_o inch_n long_o and_o as_o thick_a as_o a_o large_a goose_n quill_n at_o the_o end_n of_o which_o fix_v your_o needle_n so_o that_o they_o may_v stand_v out_o of_o the_o stick_v about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n or_o something_o more_o ix_o to_o whet_v the_o point_n of_o the_o needle_n with_o the_o oylstone_n if_o you_o will_v have_v they_o whet_v round_o you_o must_v whet_v their_o point_n short_a upon_o the_o oil_n stone_n not_o as_o sow_v needl_v be_v turn_v they_o round_o whilst_o you_o whet_v they_o as_o turner_n do_v if_o you_o whet_v they_o slope_v first_o make_v they_o blunt_a upon_o the_o oil_n stone_n then_o hold_v they_o firm_a and_o steady_a whet_v they_o slope_v upon_o one_o side_n only_o till_o they_o come_v to_o a_o short_a and_o roundish_n oval_n x._o the_o brush_n pencil_n be_v to_o cleanse_v the_o work_n wipe_v off_o dust_n and_o to_o strike_v the_o colour_n even_o over_o the_o ground_n or_o varnish_v when_o lay_v upon_o the_o plate_n xi_o the_o burnisher_n be_v a_o well_o harden_a piece_n of_o steel_n somewhat_o roundish_n at_o the_o end_n its_o use_n be_v what_o we_o have_v speak_v at_o the_o six_o section_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n and_o the_o three_o section_n of_o the_o second_o chapter_n xii_o to_o make_v the_o frame_n and_o trough_n the_o frame_n be_v a_o entire_a board_n about_o who_o top_n and_o side_n be_v fasten_v a_o ledge_n two_o inch_n broad_a to_o keep_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la from_o run_v off_o from_o the_o side_n when_o you_o pour_v it_o on_o the_o low_a end_n of_o this_o board_n must_v be_v place_v in_o the_o trough_n lean_v slope_v against_o a_o wall_n or_o some_o other_o thing_n wherein_o you_o must_v fix_v several_a peg_n of_o wood_n to_o rest_v the_o plate_n upon_o the_o trough_n be_v make_v of_o a_o firm_a piece_n of_o elm_n or_o oak_n set_v upon_o four_o leg_n who_o hollow_a be_v four_o inch_n wide_a and_o so_o long_o as_o may_v best_o fit_v your_o use_n the_o hollow_a must_v be_v something_o deep_o in_o the_o middle_n that_o the_o water_n run_v thither_o may_v fall_v through_o a_o hole_n there_o make_v for_o that_o purpose_n into_o a_o earthen_a pan_n well_o lead_v the_o inside_n of_o this_o board_n and_o trough_n must_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o thick_a oil_n colour_n to_o hinder_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la from_o eat_v or_o rot_v the_o board_n chap._n viii_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o use_v the_o hard_a varnish_n i._o have_v well_o heat_n the_o polish_a plate_n over_o a_o chafing-dish_n of_o coal_n take_v some_o of_o the_o first_o varnish_n with_o a_o little_a stick_n and_o put_v a_o drop_n of_o it_o on_o the_o top_n of_o your_o finger_n with_o which_o light_o touch_v the_o plate_n at_o equal_a distance_n lay_v on_o the_o varnish_n equal_o and_o heat_n the_o plate_n again_o as_o it_o grow_v cold_a keep_v it_o careful_o from_o dust_n or_o filth_n then_o with_o the_o ball_n of_o your_o thumb_n tap_v it_o upon_o the_o plate_n still_o wipe_v your_o hand_n over_o all_o to_o make_v it_o more_o smooth_a and_o equal_a and_o here_o beware_v that_o neither_o the_o varnish_n be_v too_o thick_a upon_o the_o plate_n nor_o your_o hand_n sweaty_a ii_o then_o take_v a_o great_a light_a candle_n burn_v clear_a with_o a_o short_a snuff_n place_v the_o corner_n of_o the_o plate_n against_o a_o wall_n hold_v the_o varnish_a side_n downward_o over_o the_o candle_n as_o close_o as_o you_o can_v so_o it_o touch_v not_o the_o varnish_n guide_v the_o flame_n all_o over_o till_o it_o be_v all_o perfect_o black_a which_o you_o must_v keep_v from_o dust_n or_o filth_n till_o it_o be_v dry_a iii_o over_o a_o fire_n of_o charcoal_n hang_v the_o varnish_a plate_n to_o dry_v with_o the_o varnish_n upward_o which_o will_v smoke_v when_o the_o smoke_n abate_v take_v away_o the_o plate_n and_o with_o a_o point_a stick_n scratch_v near_o the_o side_n thereof_o and_o if_o the_o varnish_n easy_o come_v off_o hang_v it_o over_o the_o fire_n again_o a_o little_a so_o long_o till_o the_o varnish_n will_v not_o too_o easy_o come_v off_o then_o take_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o let_v it_o cool_v if_o the_o varnish_n shall_v be_v too_o hard_a cast_v cold_a water_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o plate_n to_o cool_v it_o that_o the_o heat_n may_v not_o make_v it_o too_o hard_a and_o brittle_a this_o do_v iv_o place_v it_o upon_o a_o low_a desk_n or_o some_o such_o like_a thing_n and_o cover_v that_o part_n which_o you_o do_v not_o work_v on_o with_o a_o sheet_n of_o fine_a white_a paper_n and_o over_o that_o a_o sheet_n of_o brown_a paper_n on_o which_o may_v rest_v your_o hand_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o varnish_n v._o if_o you_o use_v a_o ruler_n lay_v some_o part_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o paper_n that_o it_o may_v not_o rub_v off_o the_o varnish_n and_o have_v a_o especial_a care_n that_o no_o dust_n or_o filth_n get_v in_o between_o the_o paper_n and_o the_o varnish_n for_o that_o will_v hurt_v it_o chap._n ix_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o etch_v i._o in_o make_v line_n or_o hatch_n some_o big_a some_o lesser_a straight_o or_o crooked_a you_o must_v use_v several_a sort_n of_o needle_n big_a or_o lesser_a as_o the_o work_n require_v ii_o the_o great_a line_n be_v make_v by_o lean_v hard_o on_o the_o needle_n its_o point_n be_v short_a and_o thick_a but_o a_o round_a point_n will_v not_o cut_v the_o varnish_n clear_a or_o by_o make_v divers_a line_n or_o hatch_n one_o very_o close_o to_o another_o and_o then_o by_o pass_v over_o they_o again_o with_o a_o thick_a needle_n or_o by_o make_v they_o with_o a_o indifferent_a large_a needle_n and_o let_v the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la lie_v the_o long_o thereon_o the_o best_a needle_n for_o this_o work_n be_v such_o as_o be_v whet_v slope_v with_o a_o oval_n because_o their_o side_n will_v cut_v that_o which_o the_o round_a one_o will_v not_o iii_o if_o your_o line_n or_o hatch_n ought_v to_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a thickness_n from_o end_n