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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14021	The noble arte of venerie or hunting VVherein is handled and set out the vertues, nature, and properties of fiutene sundrie chaces togither, with the order and maner how to hunte and kill euery one of them. Translated and collected for the pleasure of all noblemen and gentlemen, out of the best approued authors, which haue written any thing concerning the same: and reduced into such order and proper termes as are vsed here, in this noble realme of England. The contentes vvhereof shall more playnely appeare in the page next followyng.	Gascoigne, George, 1542?-1577.; Turberville, George, 1540?-1610?, attributed name.; Fouilloux, Jacques du, 1521?-1580. Vénerie.	1575 (1575)	STC 24328; ESTC S121817	161,973	257

seasons Chap. 28. HEre will I giue precepts to all Huntesmen leadyng their bloudhoundes with them in the Forrests how they shal gouerne themselues according to the moneths seasons for Hartes do chaunge theyr manner of feeding euery moneth and as the Sunne riseth in altitude that thereby good pasturage and feede encreaseth so make they change of their feede I will first begin at the end of their Rutte which is in the end of October following orderly frō moneth to moneth vntill I returne about the moneth of September And therfore in the moneth of Nouember you shal ●…eke the hart in heaths and broomie places wherof they then delight to crop the flowers and toppes bycause those are hotte and of greate substance the which dothe restore theyr nature and recomfort their members which are sore ouerwearyed with Rutte and sometimes also they remayne and lye in suche heathe and brome especially when the sunne is hote In december they he●… together and withdrawe themselues to the strongthe of the forrests to haue harboure from the colde windes snowes and frostes and do feede on the Holme tres Elder trees brambles and bryers and such other things as they can then fynde greene and if it snow they feede on the tops of the mosse and pill the trees euen as a Goate will doe In Ianuarie they leaue hearding with rascal accōpany thēselues three or foure hartes togither withdrawing thēselues into the corners of the forests and go to the good winter pasture fogge or to the corn then sproong as wheat rie such other like In Februarie and Marche they go to the plumpes and tuftes of Coleworts or of Hasill nuts or grene corne and in medows to pigwort woodbynd birche and such like wherof they croppe the toppes And in those two moneths they mewe and cast their heades beginning to marke what coast may be most commodious for them to take holde and to harbour in vntill their heads be growen againe and then they parte eche from other In April and May they rest in their thickets and holds in the whiche they remayn all that season and stirre not much vntil the beginning of rutte vnlesse they be stirred against their wills taking their harbour neare vnto some pretie springs and couerts wherin there is muche yong frytes and therin they will feede as lykewise also in pease beanes tares thetches lyntelles and suche other Sommer corne as they can fynde neare hande for they will not straye farre if they fynde anye feede nere to theyr layre Some Hartes there be whiche will venture farre to such feede and will goe out therefore but once in two dayes And note you well that some Harts be so craftie that they haue two layres wherein they harboure and when they haue bene three dayes on that one syde of the forrest they will take an other harborough as long on that other syde of the forrest And these be olde hartes which haue bene sore stirred and put from their feed whiche chaunge their ●…aire as the wynd chaungeth to haue perfect vent as they come out of their thickets what faulte may perhappes be in their feede And you shall also note that in these Moneths of April and Maye they goe not to the soyle by reason of the moysture of the spring and of the deaw which giueth liquor sufficient In June July and August they go to the springs and coppises asbefore and vnto corn as wheat otes rie barley and suche like as they may find but seldom to rye or barly and thē are they in their pride of greace And let mē say what they wil they go to the water and I haue seene them drinke but that is more commonly at this time than at any other time of the yeare bycause of their disposition and also by reason of the great vehement heates which take the dewe from the spryngs when they nowe beginne also to growe harde In September and October they leaue their thickets and goe to Rut and at that time they haue neyther certaine feede nor layre as I haue before declared in the chapter of Rut. Howe the huntesman should go drawing with his hound in the Springs Chap. 29. IMmediatly after Supper the Huntsman should go to his masters chamber and if he serue a king then let him go to the maister of the games chamber to knowe his pleasure in what quarter he determineth to hunt the day following that he may know his owne quarter that done he may go to bedde to the ende he may rise the earlyer in the morning according to the tyme and season and according to the place where he must hunt then when he is vp and readie let him drinke a good draughte and fetche his hound to make him breake his fast a little And let him not forget to fill his bottel with good wine that done let him take a little vineyger in the palme of his hand and put it in the nost●…lls of his hounde for to make him snuffe to the ende his sent may be the perfecter then let him go to the wood And if he chaunce by the way to finde any hare partriche or any other beast or bird that is fearefull liuing vpon seedes or pasturage it is an euill sygne or presage that he shall haueb ut euill pastime that day But if he fynde any beaste of rauine liuing vpon praye as Wolfe Foxe Rauen and suche lyke that is a token of good lucke He muste take good heede that he come not too earely into the springs and hewtes where he thinketh that the Harte doth feede and is at reliefe For Harts do go to their layre commonly in the Springs yea and though they were drawne into some strong holde or thicket yet if they be olde craftie Dearc they will returne sometimes to the bordure of the Coppes to hearken or spye if there be any thing to annoy them And if they chaunce once to vent the huntesman or his hounde they will straight way dislodge from thence and goe some other where especially in the heate of the yeare But when the huntesman perceyueth that it is time to beginne to beate let him put his hounde before him and beate the out sides of the Springs or thickets and if he finde of an Harte or Deare that like him let him marke well whether it be freshe or not and he may knowe as well by the maner of his houndes drawyng as also by the eye For if he marke the pathes and trackes where the Harte hathe gone hee shall see oftentimes the deawe beaten of or the foyle freshe or else the grounde somewhat broken or printed a freshe and suche other tokens as he may iudge that the Harte hath gone that way lately and lette hym neuer marke the sayings of a meany of dreamers whyche say that when a man fyndeth copwebbes within the printe of the Slotte it is a signe that the Harte is gone long before Suche people shall soone be deceyued for many

mingled put therein from off the fire a pound a half of Brymstone two pound of Copporas wel tried xii ounc●…s of Uerdegreace styr thē into it vntil it be cold This oyntment will kill heale all maner of manges itches how strong or vehement soeuer they be And before you anoynt your dogs therewith wash them rub them all ouer with water salt to clense their skins Afterwardes leade them to a good fire tye them there fast vntil they may sweate a good houre a half giuing them water to drinke lap their belly full When they are thus dressed warmed feede thē with good brothes made with Mutton boyled with a litle brimstone to warme thē within with good holsome hearbes continuing that dyet eight dayes Another medicine for the Tettar THe Tettar commeth vnto many dogs naturally or by kind or by age and it may be thus healed Take away the haire in the places where the Tettarres are then rub the dog with lye salt and vineger vntil the ringwormes do bleed And afterwards anoynt them with this oyntmēt Take a pound of an oyntment called Vnguentum enulatum half a pound of another ointmēt called Pomphiligos two pounds of the oyle of Nuts Tar a pounde a pound of the oyle of Cade half a pound of Brimstone half a pound of Soote half ●… pound of Vytrioll or Copperosse foure ounces of the lytarge of Golde foure ounces of white leade foure ounces of Uerdigreace sixe ounces of Roch Alume Beate them all to pouder boyle and incorporate them together with half a pound of vineger This oyntmēt is most excellent for the Tettar vsing it as before sayd For the common Mange THe common Mange commeth of tentimes by reason that the dogs lacke fresh water to drinke when they desire it Or else by foule filthy lodging kennelling As in swinesties or vpon the straw wherevpon other mangic dogs haue line And it may also come by foundring melting of their greace This mange may be easily healed without the drugs and drams before rehearsed but only with decoction of these herbes following Take two handfull of wild Cressyes otherwise called Berne two handfull of Enula campana of the leaues or rootes of wylde Sorrell and the roote of Roerb as much and the weight of two pounds of rootes of Frodyls make them al boyle wel in lye vineger When they are all well boyled you must streine the decoction take the iuice therof mingling it with two poūds of grey Sope and when the Sope is well melted and mingled in it thē rub your dogs with it foure or fiue days together it will heale thē This receipt al the rest I haue proued found medicinable A Receipt to heale the disease called the Wolfe which is a kernell or round bunch of flesh which groweth and increaseth vntill it kill the dogge THis disease or botch hapneth often vnto dogs And to heale it you must haue good regard in what place it is For if it be in any part of the bodie where many vaynes be or Arteryes then will it be verie harde to take it awaye But this is the meane to take a Wolfe away in places where you maye conuenyently There are two maners of curing of it The one is by Incision and that other by Receipt He that wil make incysion must first looke howe many va●…es and arteries doe come from any parte of the bodye vnto the place where the Wolfe is Then must he haue a sharpe foursquare needle that must be a little bended or crooked That being threeded with a good strong threed let him thrust his needle vnderneath the vayne and drawe it through and so let him with both ends of the threed tye the vayne as hard and close as he can and cut off the ends Thus shal he do with al the vaines which haue recourse into the disease for bleeding for marring his incision Then let him take a razor and cut rounde about the botch within the knots that are tyed about the vaines and so take away and cut out the botch or lumpe Then ●…hall he immediately take a hote Iron sear●… the little endes and ●…ypes of the vaynes and arteries Afterwardes he shall first apply vnto it a playster made of Sanguis draconis yolkes of egs pouder of burnt lynnen and good vyneger brused and tempred together And he muste mussell vp his dogge for feare least he byte the threads which tye the ends of the vaines and arteries and dresse him euery day with Larde melted in warme water and mingled and ●…rayed together with Pompiligos Aboue al things take heede that the vaynes bleede not at any time till the dogge be hole I take this Wolfe to be that which we call a Wenne Another approued receipt for the same TAke three great blacke thorns when they be grene fresh gathered lay thē xxiiij houres in steepe in a womans termes being wet moyled therwith pricke thē into the wolfe or Wen as far as they will go And if the Wolfe or Wen be so hard that they will not enter then make holes before with some bodkin or great pinne and thrust the thornes fast in and neuer take them out vntill they fall out of themselues This done the Wolf wil die and fall away by little and little Remember that the dog be fast musled for plucking out the thornes A receipt to kil Fleas Lice Tykes and other vermin on dogs and to keepe them cleane TAke two handfull of the leaues of Berne or wilde Cressyes as much of wilde Sorrell as much of Mynts and boyle thē in lye made with vine leaues and put amongst them two ounces of Stauesaker When it is well boyled streyne them cleane and take the decoction and mingle therein two ounces of Sope and one ounce of Saffron with a handfull of Salte Mingle all this together and washe your dogs therewith A receipt to kill wormes and cankers in a dogges eares or vpon any part of his bodie TAke the huskes of Walnuts and bruse them well then put them in a pot with a quart of Uyneger and let them stande so two houres That being done let them boyle two or three whalmes vpon the ●…ire Then strein them in a faire lynnē cloth put vnto the decoction these pouders one ounce of Aloe eupaticque called with vs Aloes cabellina one ounce of a Hartes horne burned an ounce of Rosyne Bruze all these into pouder put thē vnto the decoction in some pot When they haue stoode so together an houre or two droppe a little of it vpon the place where the worms cankers are it will kill them immediatly Another for the same TAke an Oxe gall Rosine in pouder Aloes in pouder vnsleakt Lyme in pouder Brimstone in pouder mingle them altogether with the Oxe gall it will kyll the wormes make them fall away Some haue vsed in times past to put

vermine chamber on the top of the banke where the earth is not deepe and where you digge to him with most ease Againe if the earth be on the top of a banke and the banke standeth in a playne plot of grounde then you shall doe best to put in your Terriers in those holes which are highest on the toppe of the banke and strike with a staffe vpon the banke to make the vermine flee downe into the lowest parts there to chamber or angle thēselues It shall not be amisse to put in a Terrier or twaine at the first without any noise to make the vermin disseuer to chamber thēselues Foxes Badgerds which haue bin beaten haue this subtletie to drawe vnto the largest part of the burrow where three or foure angles meete togethers and there to stande at bay with the Terriers to the ende they may afterwardes shift and goe to which chamber they list In such a case strike harde vpon the ground right ouer them and if you see that they will not remoue so then take your round hollowed spade and digge in to them right vpon them But when they are chambred then you shal not digge right vpō them but right vpon the Terrier For if you dig right vpon the vermyne it might make them to bolt into some other angle and to enforce the Terryer to giue them place Therfore you shal dig right ouer the Terryers with a round hollowed spade the which will conuey the earth with it and is made principally for suche a purpose And when you haue digged so long that you be come to the angle then thrust your spade betweene the vermine and the Terryer so that the vermine can not by any meanes come out vpon your Terrier For in some chamber you may chāce to find fiue or sixe vermin together which might hurt your poore terrier and discourage him When you haue stopped them in thus then work with your broad spades and other tooles and make a large trench if you will haue good sport and put in your Terryers to the vermine and you shall see bold fight of all fashions You must take heede to the subtleties of the vermine especially of Badgerds For sometimes they will stop vp the trench betwene them and the Terriers and worke themselues further in so that your Terriers shall not be able to find them nor to know what is become of them Somtimes when you haue found their Casmat and chiefe strength you may take them out aliue with your holdfasts or clampes and therein vse this policie and foresight Take them with your tongs or clampes by the lower chappe the one clampe in the mouth and the other vnder the throate and so draw them out For if you should take them out by the body or necke they should haue libertie to byte and snatch at the Terryers which wil be doing with them as you take them out Being thus taken put them into a sacke or poke to hunt with your Terryers in your gardens or close courtes at your pleasure He that will be present at such pastimes may do well to be booted For I haue lent a Foxe or a Badgerd ere nowe a piece of my hose and the skyn and fleshe for companie which he neuer restored agayne Let these fewe precepts suffise for the hunting of Foxes and Badgerds Of the Foxe RAynerd the Foxe am I a craftie childe well knowne Yea better known than credited with more than is mine own A bastard kynd of c●…rte mine eares declare the same And yet my wit and pollicie haue purchast me great fame The Foxe to the Huntesman IF dogs had tong at will to talke in their defence If brutish beast might be so bold to plead at barre for pence If poore Tom tooth might speake of all that is amysse Then might would beare no right a down then mē would pardon this Which I must here declare Then quickly would be known That he which deales with strangers faults should first amend his owne Thus much my selfe may say thus much my selfe can proue Yet whiles I preache beware the 〈◊〉 for so it shall behoue I sigh yet smyle to see that man yea master man Can play his part in pollicie as well as Raynard can And yet forsoth the Foxe is he that bea●…es the blame But two leggd Foxes eate the ducks when foure legs beare the name A wonder is to see how people shoute and crye With hallowes whoupes and spitefull words when I poore Fox go by Lay on him cryes the wife downe with him sayes the childe Some strike som chide some throw a stone som fal be defilde As Maidens when they spurne with both their feete attones Fie on the Fox that forst thē so such falles might bruse their bones But Raynard doth such deeds and therfore strike him down His case will serue to fur the cape of master huntsmans gowne His Lungs full holsome be in poulder beaten fine For such as cough draw their wind with paine mickle pine His pyssell serues to skoure the grauell of the stone His greace is good for synews shronk or 〈◊〉 that grieues the bone His tong will draw a thorne his teeth will burnish golde And by his death a huntsman may haue profits manyfolde The Henne shall roust at rest which he was wont to rowze The duck geese may bring good broods that pigs may 〈◊〉 their And al the Farmers welth may thriue come to good Which craftie Raynard steales sometimes to kepe his brats in sowes Yea soft but who sayes thus who did that Lion paint Forsoth a man but if a Fox might tell his tale as queint blood Then would he say againe that men as craftie be As euer Raynard was for theft euen men which fliese a fee From euerie widowes flocke a capon or a chicke A pyg a goose a dunghill ducke or ought that salt will licke Untill the widowe sterue and can no longer giue This was that Fox fie down with him why shuld such foxes liue Some Foxes lie in waite and marke the Farmers croppe What loads of haye what grasse for bief what store of wood for lopp●… What quantitie of graine he raiseth on his rent And fake a new lease ore his hed before the olde be spent Fye on these Foxes fye what Farmer can do welt Where such vite vermin lie in wait their priuy gaines to smell Yea some can play their part in slandring neighbors name To say y wolf did kil the Lamb when Raynerds eate that same These faults with many moe can wicked men commit And yet they say that Foxes passe for subtletie and wit. But shall I say my minde I neuer yet saw day But euery town had two or three which Rainards parts 〈◊〉 play So that men vaunt in vaine which say they hunt the Foxe To kepe their neighbors poultry free to defende their flockes When they them selues can spoyle more profit in an houre Than Raynard rifles in a

all reportes before you vndertake to hunte them and then he which hath foūd of an Otter or so drawen toward his couche that he can vndertake to bryng you vnto him shall cause his houndes to be vncoupled a vowshotte or twayne before he come at the place where he thinketh that the Otter lieth bycause they may skommer and caste about a while vntill they haue cooled their bawling and braynesicke toyes whiche all houndes do lightly vse at the first vncouplyng then the varlets of the kennell shall secke by the riuers side and beate the bankes with theyr boundes vntill some one of them chaunce vpō the Otter remember alwayes to set out some vpwards and some downe the streames and euery man his Otter speare or forked staffe in his hande to watche his ventes for that is the chiefe aduantage and if they perceyue where the Otter cōmeth vnder the water as they may perceyue if they 〈◊〉 it well then shall they watche to see if they can get to stand before him at some place where he would vent stryke him with theyr speare or staffe and if they misse then shall they runne vp or downe the streame as they see the Otter bend vntil they may at last giue him a Blowe for if the houndes be good Otter houndes and perfectly entred they will come chaunting and trayling alongst by the riuers side will beate euery tree roote euery holme euery Osier bedde and tufft of bulrushes yea somtimes also they will take the ryuer and beate it like a water spaniell so that it shall not be possible for the Otter to escape but that eyther the houndes shall light vpon him or els some of the huntesmen shall strike him and thus may you haue excellent sporte and pastime in hunting of the Otter if the houndes be good and that the Riuers be not ouer great where the Riuers be greate some vse to haue a lyne throwen ouerthwart the Riuer the whiche twoo of the huntesmen shall holde by eche ende one on the one side of the Riuer and the other on that ●…her and 〈◊〉 them holde the line so slacke that it may alwayes be vnderneath the water so go on with it and if the Otter come diuing vnder that water he shall of necessitie touche their line so they shal feele know which way he is passed the which shal make him be taken the sooner An Otters skinne is very good furre his grease wil make a medicine to make fishes turn vp their bellies as if they were deade A good Otter hounde may proue an excellēt good buckhoūd if he be not old before he be entred Thus haue you now asmuch as I cā presently set down for that hūting of such chaces as I thinke likely or possible to be hūted in this our cūtry yea some also percase which you wil say are not in vse with vs at these daies But bicause I haue sufficiently declared mine intēt in myne Epistle in the beginning of this book therfore I wil spēde no more time in excusing of my self but wil passe ouer vnto that Woulfe the Beare which are as strange stranger than any other that I hitherto named The Otters oration VVHy stande we beastes abasht or spare to speake Why make we not a vertue of our neede We know by proofe in witte we are too weake ●…nd weaker muche bicause all Adams seede Whiche beare away the weyght of witte in deede Do dayly seeke our names for to distayne With slandrous blotte for whiche we Beastes be slayne Firste of my selfe before the rest to treate Moste men crye out that fishe I do deuoure Yea some will say that Lambes with mee be meate I graunte to bothe and he that hath the powre To feede on fishe that sweeter were than sowre And had yong fleshe to banquet at his fill Were fonde to fraunche on garbage graynes or ●…wyll But master Man which findeth all this fault And streynes deuise for many a dayntie dishe Whiche suffreth not that hunger him assault But feedes his fill on euery fleshe and fishe Whiche muste haue all as muche as witte can wishe Us seely Beastes deuouring Beastes do call And he himselfe moste bloudie beaste of all Well yet mee thinkes I heare him preache this Texte Howe all that is was made for vse of man So was it sure but therewith followes next This heauie place expounde it who so can The very Scourge and Plague of God his Ban Will lyght on suche as queyntly can deuise To eate more meate than may their mouthes suffise Nowe master Man stande foorth and here declare Who euer yet coulde see an Otter eate More meate at once than serued for his share Who sees vs beastes sitte-bybbing in our seate With sundry wynes and sundry kindes of meate Whiche breede disease yfostred in suche feastes If men do so be they not woorse than beastes The beastly man muste ●…itte all day and quasse The Beaste indeede doth drincke but twice a day The beastly man muste stuffe his monstrous masse With secrete cause of surfetting alwaye Where beasts be glad to feede when they get pray And neuer eate more than may do them good Where men be sicke and surfet thorough foode Who sees a Beast for savrie Sawces long Who sees a Beast or chicke or Capon cramme Who sees a Beast once luld on sleepe with song Who sees a Beast make vensone of a Ramme Who sees a Beast destroy both whelpe and damme Who sees a Beast vse beastly Gluttonie Which man doth vse for great Ciuilitie I know not I if dyuing be my fault Me thinks most men can diue as well as I Some men can diue in Seller and in vault In Parlor Hall Kitchen and Buttery To smell the roste whereof the fume doth fl●…e And as for gaines men diue in euery streame All frawdes be fishe their stomacks neuer squeame So to conclude when men their faults can mend And shunne the shame wherewith they beasts do blot When men their time and treasure not mispende But follow grace which is with paines ygot When men can vice rebuke and vse it not Then shall they shine like men of worthy fame And else they be but Beasts well worthy blame Of the hunting of the Wolfe and first of their nature and properties Chap. 75. THe Wolfe is a beast sufficiently knowen in Fraunce and other Countries where he is bred but here in Englād they be not to be foūd in any place In Ireland as I haue heard there are great store of them and bycause many Noble men and Gentlemen haue a desire to bring that Countrie to be inhabited and ciuilly gouerned and would God ther were moe of the same mind therefore I haue thought good to set downe the nature and maner of hunting at the Wolfe according to mine Author The Wolfe sayeth he goeth on 〈◊〉 in February in such sort as a Dogge lineth a birth whē she goet●… saulte wherin they abide ten or twelue dayes many