Selected quad for the lemma: end_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
end_n	draw_v	let_v	line_n	2,686	5	9.4422	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A11257	A ievvell for gentrie Being an exact dictionary, or true method, to make any man vnderstand all the art, secrets, and worthy knowledges belonging to hawking, hunting, fouling and fishing. Together with all the true measures for winding of the horne. Now newly published, and beautified with all the rarest experiments that are knowne or practised at this day.	T. S., fl. 1614.; Berners, Juliana, b. 1388? Boke of Saint Albans.	1614 (1614)	STC 21520; ESTC S110758	61,935	100

out and lay it to coole and you shall finde it well alaide to file then raise the beard with your knife and make the point sharpe then alay him againe or else he will breake in the bending then bend him as he will serue for your purpose you shall make them of great Néedles as Shoomakers Néedles Taylers Néedles or Imbroderers Néedles but looke that they will bow at the point or else they be not good and when you haue beaten flat the end of the hooke fyle him smooth that it fret not the line then put it into the fire and giue it an easie red heat then suddenly quench it in water and it will be hard and strong And for to haue knowledge of your Instruments that be necessary without the which you are not able to accomplish your desire that is your Hammer Knife Pinson Claem Wedge File Wrest and a Néedle When you haue made your hookes then you must set them on according to their strength and greatnesse First take small red silke and if it be for a great hooke then double it and twist it and for a small hooke let it be single and therewith fret the line whereas you will haue the hooke stand a straw breadth then set to your hooke and fret it with the same thrid the two parts of the length that it shall be fret in all and when you come to the third part then turne the end of your line vp againe double to the other third part then put your thrid in at the hole twise or thrise and let it goe each time about the yard of your hooke then wet the hooke and draw and looke that your line lye euermore within your hookes and not without and then cut of the lines end and the thrid as nigh as you can sauing the fret Thus you know with how great hookes you shall angle to euery Fish now I will tell with how many haires you shall angle for euery Fish First for the Menow with a line of one haire for the waring Roch the Bleake the Gudgeon and the Ruffe with a line of two haires for the Dace and the Roch with a line of thrée haires for the Pearch the Flounder and Bremet with a line of foure haires for the Cheuin the Breame the Tench and the Eele with sixe haires for the Trout and the Grasing Barbell and the great Cheuin with nine haires for the great Trout with twelue haires for the Salmon with fiftéene haires and for a Pike with a chalke line made in the colour aforesaid armed with a line as you shall heare hereafter When I speake of the Pyke your lines must be plumed with leade and the nerest plumbe to the hooke be a foote off at the least and euery plumbe of the quantitie of the bignesse of the line There be thrée manner of plumbes for a ground line renning for the flote set vpon the ground line lying ten plumbes all ioyning together on the ground line renning nine or tenne small the floate plumbe shall be heauie that the first plucke of any Fish may pull it into the water and make your plumbes round and smooth that they sticke not on stones and wéedes THen you shall make your flotes in this manner Take a péece of a Corke that is cleane without holes and bore it through with a small hot yron and put thereinto a quill or pen euen and straight alwayes note that the greater the hole the bigger the pen and shape it great in the middest and small at both ends especially sharpe in the nether end and make them smooth on a Grindstone and looke that the flote for one haire be no bigger then a Pease for two haires as a Beane for twelue haires as a Walnut and so euery line must haue according to his portion All manner of lines that be not for the ground must haue flotes and the renning ground line must haue a flote and the lying ground line must haue a flote NOw I haue taught you to make your haires hereafter I meane to shew you the Art of Angling You shall vnderstand that there is thrée manner of anglings the one is at the ground for the Troute and other Fish an other is at the ground at the Arch or stang where it ebbeth and floweth for Bleake Roch and Dace the third is with a flote for all manner of Fish the fourth with a Menowe for the Trout without plumbe or flote the fift is renning in the same for the Roch and Dace with two haires or one haire and a flye the sixt is a dubbed hooke for the Troute or Grayling And for the first and principall poynt in Angling looke that you kéepe you from the sight of the Fish either stand close on the land or behinde some Bush for if he sée you then your sport is marde for he will not bite and looke that you shadowe the water as little as you can for it is that which will make him be gon for if the fish be fraide he will not bite a good while after For all manner of Fish that féede by the ground you must Angle for them to the bottome so that your hooke shall runne and lye on the ground and for all other Fish that féedeth aboue you shall Angle for them at the middest of the water or aboue the midst or below the middest whether ye will for the greater the Fish the nearer he lieth to the bottome of the water and euermore the smaller the Fish the more he swimmeeh aboue The third good poynt is when the Fish biteth that you be not too hastie to smite nor to take for you must abide till the bayte be farre in the mouth of the Fish and then tarry no longer and this is for the ground and for the flote when you sée it pulled into the water or else caried softly vpon the water then smite and looke that you neuer ouer-smite the strength of your line for breaking and if it be your fortune to smite a great Fish with a small line then you must leade him in the water and labour him there till he be drowned and ouerc●●e then take him as well as you can and euer take héede that you straine him not ouer the strength of your line and as much as you can let him not goe past your lines end from you but kéepe him euer vnder your Rod and hold him as straight as your line will sustaine and beare his leapes and his plunges as well as you can with your Crope and your hand Here I will declare vnto you in what place of the water you shall angle either in Poole or standing water and according to the deepenes of the said water THere is no great diuersitie in any place of a Poole so it be déepe for it is a prison to all fishes and therefore the sooner taken but in the Riuer the best Angling is where it is déepe and cleare by the ground as grauell or clay without

or assay yet such as shall be large inough for your vnderstanding and benefit and first of the draught Net The vse of the draught Net THe draught Net of all other is the largest for it is for Riuers Ponds or large Waters some are of thirty fadomes some twentie some fiftéene and some tenne it is made of the strongest packthread with a very small and narrow mash in the midst it draweth strayter and strayter downe like a pursse of a fadome and a halfe long and gathered together excéeding close in the last end at which must be fastned some heauy stone or other poysse which may make it sinke to the bottome it must be in breadths a fadome and a halfe or better which is the depth of any ordinary Pond or Riuer the neather side must be all plummed with leade very thicke to make it sinke and the vpper side must be full of floates made of light Sallow such as will not sinke at the two outmost ends you must haue two strong Poles full as long as the Net is déepe to whose ends you must stretch the ends of the Net and then casting it into the Pond or Riuer by strong cords which must be fastned to each end of the Net sée you deuide the Net to each side of the Pond or Riuer drawing it with great leasure and constancie being sure that you neither pull the leads from the ground nor suffer the floats to sinke vnder the water then you shall haue diuers men with long Poles or staues that shall goe on each side of the Riuer before the Net beat vp the Fish leauing none in any holes sedges bushes or such like but driuing them into the midst of the water then being come to the end of the Pond or to the best landing place of the Riuer those with the poysse beating the water that the fish may not passe by them he on the contrarie side shall bring ouer his lines and bring the two Net Poles close together then casting the floate a side from you drawing the plummed side to you you shall stoope downe and close by the ground leasurely draw in the plumd side of the Net another likewise with more leasure drawing in the floats after you then be assured that what fish soeuer was within the compasse of your drawght you shall finde it in the Rod of your Net which as soone as you haue taken out and clenced your Nets well and sufficiently you may then if you please cast it in againe and thus you m● fish downe any Riuer as many miles as you please or haue libertie so to doe or else you may draw as many Ponds as are to your liking Of the flewe Net and of his vse THis flewe Net is a Net of some two fadome and a halfe in length and one fadome in depth made of a verie straight mash and with a long rod in the midst the neather side plummed the vpper side floated it is most proper for small brokes or little rundles and the manner to fish with it is in this sort You must first haue a stop Net which is a plaine Net without any rod onely plummed floated and polde at both ends and this putting into the brooke make it fast to each side of the banke then goe downe the Riuer from it some thréescore or fourescore yards and there cast in your flewe then make it likewise fast to each side of the banke so as you may be sure that the plummets are at the bottome and that there be a good place for the landing of your Net then take your poysse and goe to your stoppe Net and there begin to beate and so continue beating downe till you come close to your flew then whilst one beateth still let the other on the contrary side let loose the slewe and throwing the cords ouer vnto you draw the slew leasurely in and land it as you did your drawght-Net and looke what fish was within that compasse of water you shall finde it in the rod of your flewe Net then taking vp your stoppe Net put it in where you tooke vp your flew and so fish forward and thus you may doe the whole length of a Brooke if you haue time and leasure Of the Shooue-Net or Pursse-Net THe Shooue-Net and Pursse-Net are much what of one shape and making being of a small compasse made round and fastned to a great Bow of Wood set to a long Pole they haue long rowes going from the Bowe which like a pursse are gathered together in the neather end the vse of fishing with them is most commonly in Pits blinde dikes or other small standing waters into which much fish is got by reason of inundations and ouerflowes of water If therefore in any such pits or little dikes you shall espie any fish you shall take your shooue-Net and thrusting it downe to the bottome before the fish you shall with your poy goe behinde him and beate the water and as soone as you sée him shut you shall ierke vp your Net and be sure to finde the fish in the rod thereof if you draw your shoue-Net along any dike to that end which is stopt or if there be no end stopt then to some other person who standeth a pretie way from you beating the water with a poy be sure all the fish within that compasse wil be in the rod of your Net This is a good Instrument for the poore-man and oft getteth him foode when he wants it Of the Leape-Net THe Leape net is a square long Net set out with wood hauing in it many rods or purses which are distinguisht from the outward Net with round hoopes of wood it is most commonly fastned to a leape and laid in Mill dams or in straight waters after any fall of great rayne which maketh a white water it is most proper for the taking of Eeles but because it is to lye still all the night or all the day and thereby hath in it small exercise or practise I thinke it not méete to trouble your memory much therewith but now to ret●●ne and pursue my discourse in land of the excellent Art of Angling IF you will be perfect in this Art of Angling you must first learne to make your Implements that is to say your Rod and your Lines of diuers colours This done you most know how you must angle in what place of the water how déepe and at what time of the day and for what manner of Fish and what weather how many impediments there be in fishing and specially in Angling and what baite belongeth to euery Fish euery time of the yéere And how you shall make your baytes bréede where you shall finde them and how you shall kéepe them for the most part How you shall make your Hookes of Stéele and of Osmond some for the Dub some for the Flote and for the ground And here I will teach you how you shall make your Rod you shall cut it

betwéene Michaelmas and Candlemas of an ell and a halfe long being the arme of a great Hasell Willow or Aspe and beth him in a hot Ouen and set it euen and straight and let it coole a month then take a cord and binde it fast about and binde it to a forme or to a péece of square timber then take a Plummers wyer that is euen and straight and sharpe the one end and heate it in a fire of Charcole and burne the hole quite through in the pith beginning at both ends and goe on to the middle you may burne the hole with a Bird-broch but let the last broch be bigger then any of them before then let it lye and coole two dayes vnbinde it and let it lye in the smoake or the roofe of a house till it be through drie In the same season cut a yard of gréene Hasell and deth it euen and straight and let it drie with the staffe and when it is drie make it fit for the hole in the staffe vnto the halfe length of the staffe and to fill the other halfe of the crope take a fayre shute of blacke Thorne Crab trée Medler or else of Iuniper cut in the same season and well bethed and straight and set them fit together so that the crop may enter all into the said hole then shaue your staffe and make it Taper-wise then hoope the staffe at both ends with long hoopes of yron or latten after the cleanliest manner and a pike in the neather-neather-end fastened with a running wyer to take in and out of your staffe and set your crop a handfull within your vpper end of your staffe in such wise that it be as bigge there as in any other place aboue then arme your staffe downe to the fret with a Line of sixe haires and double the Line and fret it fast on with a péece of a bowe And thus you shall make you a staffe to walke with and no man shall thinke that you haue such Implements about you It will be very light and nimble to fish with at your pleasure and is alwaies very readie and necessary AFter you haue thus made your Rod you must learne to colour your Lines of haire after this manner You must take of a white horse tayle the longest haires you can get and the bigger and rounder they are the better it is depart them into sixe parts colour euery part by himselfe in diuers colours as yealow gréene tawnie browne russet or duskie colour And for to make your haire take a good gréene colour you must take a quart of Ale and put into it halfe a pound of Allom and put your haire and all together in a little Pan and let them boyle softly halfe an houre then take out your haires and let them drie then take a pottle of faire water and put it into a Pan and two handfuls of Waxen and presse it with a Tyle stone and let it boyle softly the space of an houre and when it is yealow on the scumme put therein your haires with halfe a pound of Copperous beaten into powder and let it boyle the space of going of halfe a mile and then set it downe and let it coole the space of fiue or sixe houres then take out the haire and drie it and it will be the best gréene for the water that can be and the more that you put of Copperous to it the better it will be For to make your haire yealow DResse it as before with Allom and after with Oldes or Waxen without Copperous or Verdigrease To make another yealow TAke a pottle of small Ale and stamp thereinto thrée handfuls of Walnut leaues and put it together and then put in your haire till it be as déepe as you will haue it For to make Russet haire TAke a pinte of strong Lée and halfe a pound of Sote and a little iuyce of Walnut leaues and a quart of Alom put them altogether in a Pan and boyle them well and when it is cold put in your haire till it be as darke as you will haue it To make your haire browne TAke strong Ale and Salt and mingle them together and put your haires two dayes and two nights and they will be a perfect colour For to make a tawnie colour TAke Lime and Water and put them together and then put your haires therein foure or fiue houres then take them out and put them into a Tanners Ose one day and it will be as fine a tawny colour as can be for your purpose The sixt part of your haire you shall kéepe still white for lines for the double hooke to fish for the Trout and for small lines to lie for the Roch and the Dace When your haire is thus collected you must know for which waters and which seasons they shall serue the gréene colour for all cleare waters from Aprill vntill September The yealow colour in euery cleare water from September to Nouember For it is like the Wéeds and other kinde of grasse that is broken in the Riuer The russet colour serueth all the Winter vntill the end of Aprill as well in Riuers as in Pooles or Lakes The browne colour serueth for the water that is blackish in Riuers or other Waters the tawny colours for those Riuers or Waters that be heathy or moorish Now you must make your lines after this order First you must haue an instrument for the twisting of your line Take your haire and cut a handfull at the end because it is not strong enough then turne the top to the tayle ouer each alike and make it into thrée parts knit euery part by himselfe and knit the other end altogether then put that end fast into your instrument into the clift and make it fast with a wedge foure fingers shorter then your haire then twine your warpe one way alike and fasten them in thrée clifts alike straight then take that out at the other end and let it twine that way that it desireth then straine it a little and knit it for vndoing and that is good So when you haue so many links as will suffice for a line to make it long enough then must you knit them together with a water knot or a Dutch knot and when your knot is knit cut off the voyd shore ends a straw breadth from the knot thus shall your lines be fayre and euen and also sure for any manner of Fish The finest practise is in making your hookes and for the making of them you may haue your seuerall kinde of tooles that you may doe them artificially A séemy clam of yron a bendor a payre of long and small tongues and a knife somewhat hard and thicke an Anuill and a little Hammer And for a small Fish you shall take the smallest quarrell Néedles that you can finde of Steele and you shall put the Quarrell in a fire of Charcole till it be of the same colour that the fire is then take it

the same baites that you doe for the Gudgeon sauing they must be small The Eele is a queasie fish and a rauenor and a deuourer of the brood of fish the Pyke is also a deuourer of fish I put them both behinde all other fish for to angle For the Eele you shall finde a hole in the ground of water and it is blew and blackish there put in your hooke till it be a foote within the hole and your bayte shal be a great angle with a Menow The Pyke is a good fish but that he is a deuourer of all fish as well of his owne broode as of other and therefore I loue him the worse and for to take him ye shall doe thus Take a Roch or a fresh Herring and a wyer with a hooke in the end and put it in at the mouth and downe by the ridge to the tayle of the Herring and then put the line of your hooke in after and draw the hooke into the chéeke of the fresh Herring then put a plumbe of lead on your line a yard from you hooke a flote in the midway betwéene and cast it in a pit where the Pykes vse and this is the best and surest way to take and thrée manners of taking him there is Take a Frosh and put it on your hooke betwéene the skin and the body in at the necke on the backe halfe and put on the flote a yard thereto and cast it where the Pyke haunteth and you shall haue him Another way Take the same bayt and put it in safe tied and cast it into the water with a Corke and you shall not faile of him And if you minde to haue good sport then tie your cord to a Goose foot and you shall sée good haling bewéene the Goose and the Pyke who shall haue the better Now you know with what bayts and in what seasons of the yéere you shal angle for euery kinde of fish now I meane to tell you how you shall kéepe and féede your quicke bayts You shall kéepe them all in general and euery one seuerall by himselfe with such things as they are bred in and as long as they be quicke and new they be fine but when they be in a slough or dead then they are nought Out of these be excepted thrée broodes that is Hornets Humble Bées and Waspes which you shall bake in bread and dip their heads in bloud let them drie Also except Maggots which when they be bred great with their naturall féeding you shall féed them furthermore with Shéepes tallow And take héed that in going about your disports you open no mans gates but that you shut them againe Also you shall not vse this sport craftily for couetousnesse to the increasing and sparing of your money onely but principally for your solace and for the maintenance of your bodily health For when you purpose to goe on your disports in fishing you will not desire greatly many persons with you which might let you of your game and then your minde may be well giuen to the seruing of God as in prayer or otherwise and in so doing you shall eschew and auoid many vices as Idlenes which is the principall leader to vice and it is commonly séene that it bringeth diuers to their vtter destruction Also you must not be too desirous of your game but with discretion that you marre not other mens game and your owne to as too much at one time which you may lightly do if in euery point you fulfill this present Treatise but when you haue a sufficient messe to content your selfe for that time Also you shall apply your selfe to the nourishing of the game and in destroying of such things as shall be the deuourers of it FINIS