parts as you will the moo the better the parfaicter you shall diminishe your pillor Then shal ye begine after this maner draw frō the strike .2 downwardes vnto the strike crosse which is drawen ouerthwarte the halfe compas and is also marked with .2 and drawe also from the strike .3 the which hath also a crosse made vpon the halfe cōpas drawing vpwardes vnto the strike marked with .3 the which is drawn ouerthwart the pillor aboue so drawe from .4 to .4 from 5. to .5 and from .6 to .6 The line vnder the Capitall at the toppe of the pillor marked with .1 from thence drawe with a rule downewardes to the ende of the vprighte line which staieth at the ouerthwart line marked .2 closing vp the side of the pillor and from .2 vnto 3 downewardes and also from .3 vnto 4 from .4 vnto .5 and from .5 vnto .6 Then is that side full finished and made vpright At the foote of Scapus is a littell small edge standing vppon Torus whose height shal be the ninthe part of Modulus wherof his Proiecture shal be of like height Also at the toppe of the pillor lieth Astragalus and his fillet being half so high as the Astragalus also aboue the Astragalus is a littel Edge the which belongeth to the Capital The measure of his Astragalus and his Edge which belongeth vnto Scapus is foūd out be the litel cōpas which is the eye of Voluta whose marke is X. if the pillor shal be garnished with Canalicoli ther shal be in number .24 rounde about the pillor or Scapus and euery of them deuide into .5 partes .4 of those partes is the bredth of Canalicoli and the fifth parte is for Striae which are also called Femora The ground plotte therof standeth besid the pillor which is marked with S. wherin ye may see the maner or making of Canalicoli being half a compas inwardes the whiche differeth far from the order of Dorica as it appereth by your ground plotte Thus endeth the maner and making of Scapus with his mesures CAPITAL DIrectly and right vpon the top of Scapus you shall set this Capitall following whiche is marked with T. being in height the third part of a Diameter the bredth of the Abacus marked with V is a Diameter therto also adde the eighteneth part of a Diameter That same part deuide into 2. partes The which .2 partes shal be set one parte on eyther side of the Abacus the whiche shal aide the Proiectures so done Abacus is the in bredthe .19 partes then tel from the vttermost part of Abacus inwardes one part and a halfe of those .19 partes and there drawe a strike downe right perpendiculerly as ye maye perceue by your figure here expressed whiche on both sides of the Capitall hangeth a line with a plommett at eche ende Then deuide the hanging line from the highest of the Abacus downewardes into 6. partes a and half of suche measure as is before rehersed wherof the height of the Abacus is one a half of the which remaineth yet .8 partes on the hanging line the which partes shal serue for Voluta marked with X. those parts shal be thus deuided Betwixt the Abacus the litell round Cōpas shal be .4 parts beneth the litel cōpas is .3 partes and the compas it self is also .1 part That part which is the litell cōpas ye shal deuid his height into .6 parts Then take a paire of compasses and set the one poincte of the compasses in the toppe of the small compas whiche I haue marked with .1 the other fote of the cōpas ye shal set vpon the line vnder the Abacus then turne the compas aboute drawe downewardes vnto the lowest of those .8 partes belōging to Voluta vntil ye come to the line wher at the plomet doth hang and there stay with that poinct of the cōpas bring the other poinct of the cōpas downe vpon the lowest strike of the litle cōpas which is marked with .2 Thē turne vpwards the lowest poinct of the cōpas vntil ye come to the hāging line wher ye shal stay The other fote ye shal set vpō the strike marked .3 being within the litle cōpas Thē cōpassing about with the highest part of the cōpas downwards vntil ye cōe again to the hāging line and so remoue the highest part of the compas setting it on the strike .4 within the litle compas and drawe vpwardes with the other poincte of the cōpas vntill ye come to the perpendiculer line staing againe there and then set the other foote of the compas right vppon the strike marked with .5 also being within the litle compas and drawe downe wardes againe vnto the forsayde line and so set the highest poinct of the compas vppon the strike marked with .6 being also within the litle compas Then drawe with the other poinct of the compas vpwardes again which doth inclose the litle compas In the which cōpas may be made a rose or some other flower Then shall ye perceue that the Astragalus and his .2 edges are Iuste the height of the litle compas which is the eye of Voluta and then shall the height of Echinus be .2 of those parte that Voluta was made with the whiche Echinus is marked with Y. also that space that lieth betwen Echinus Abacus shal be .2 of those parts in height So done ye haue the trewe height bredthe of the forfront face of the Capital It is also nedefull to know how to forme facion the side of the Capitall The maner facion therof standeth betwixt the .2 pillers The Abacus that lieth vpon Voluta is iust .4 square flat like to a trencher the Proiecture is as muche as one of the .19 partes on eche side of the Abacus from the which ye shall draw downe the .2 sides of Voluta which is 8. of those partes the .2 Edges that stand on eche ende of the Rolle or Voluta shal haue .1 part betwixt them both Thē take a paire of cōpasse set the one poinct of the compas at the lowest and inner parte of the litle edge marked with .1 and bring the other poinct of the compas into the innermost corner of the other edge whiche is marked with .2 drawe from thence downewardes to the figure 3. then set the poinct againe in the place marked with .2 drawe with the other poinct of the cōpas downe to this figure .3 againe and it shall make a crosse vppon that crosse set the one poinct of the compas with the other poinct of the compas draw from the strike marked with .1 vnto the other strike marked with .2 it wylle shew you the diminishing of Voluta in the middel through which diminishing you shal perceue the endes of the Canaliculi So done the side of the Capitall is twise so broade as it is in height the Proiecture of Echinus is like and equall with the
the first piller called Tuscana NOwe for as moche as that you haue vnderstanding bowe all the partes of this piller the rest of the pillors that shal be hath theyr mesures ornatures and names finished out of Icnographia or ground plot vpwardes to the very top of the same worke wherfore I thought it good for the more perfection and exercises of the gentest reader to make a Rehersall of all the partes and passelles downwardes agayne endyng in Ichnographia where I began first ▪ these be the names TRABEATIONIS Cymatium mar P. Corona mar O. Tenia mar N. Zophorus mar M. Tenia in Epistylium mar L. CAPITVLI Plinthus mar K. Echinus Et Annullus mar I Hypotrachelium mar H. COLVMNA mar F. Astragalus marked G Apophiges superior inferior SPIRA sine BASIS Torus mar E. Plinthus mar D. STYLOBATAE Tenia pro Coronice mar C. Tenia pro Basis mar B. Ichnographia mar A. being the parfecte square or ground plot the beginning and foundacion of this worke ⧠DORICA HERE FOLOVVETH THE MANER AND FORME of the second pillor called Dorica being ascribed to Hercules and Mars for his strength accordinge to the rule aforesayde THis pillor called Dorica shal be .7 Diameters in height with the Base and Capitall Now if ye will set Stylobata or Pedestal vnder your pillor thus ye shal begin First you shall make a foure square which shal be your groūd the which is in my figure marked with A. and then draw a lyne ouerthwart from the one corner to the other which line is called Dyagonalis and is marked with B. and that lyne being directly vpright set one ende shal be thē height of the square or body of the Pedestall marked with C. measure and deuide that height into 5. partes the which height of the Base of the Pedestall shal be as muche as one of the .5 partes whiche is marked with D. and admitte also asmuche vnto the Coronix of the Pedestalle marked with E. so that the Pedestale is .7 suche partes in height like vnto the pillor which is 7. Dyameters in height The height of the Basis of the Pedestale which is marked with D. shal be deuided into .2 partes the lowest part is for Plinthus marked with F. the second part deuide into .5 partes Three of those partes geue vnto Torus marked with G. the other .2 partes shal be deuided into .3 partes geue .2 partes vnto Astragalus marked with H. the third parte is lefte for the edge which Vitruuius calleth Regula the Proiecture of eche side of the Base of the Pedestall as Vitruuius saieth shal be halfe a Modulus but the antiques haue made their Proiectures like vnto their heightes Then deuide the height of Coronix marked with E into .3 partes geue one vnto Astragalus with his Regula marked with I. the other .2 partes deuide into .3 partes admiting .2 of those partes to Cymatium marked with K. and the thirde parte thereof is lefte for Regula whose marke is L. the Proiectures of the same is like vnto their heightes Thus endeth the Pedestale or Stylobata SPIRA SIVE BASIS VPon the Pedestale you shall set Spiram which is the fote or Base of the pillor and is marked with M. being a Modulus in height that height deuide into .3 partes one of those partes is for Plinthus marked with N. the other .2 partes deuide into 4. partes one of them shal be for Torus aboue marked with O. The other .3 partes that remayneth deuide into 2 partes one of them geue vnto Torus vnder marked with P. the rest is admitted vnto Trochitus marked with Q. and eache of his rules to be either of them in height the seuenth part of that hole measure or parte The Proiectures of the whole Basis shal be half a Modulus on eche side and thus endeth the mesures of the Basis SCAPVS SIVE COLVMNA VPon Spira or Base of the pillor ye shal set Scapus marked with R. being the tronike or body of the pillor the which is in height .6 Diameters The thicknes of the pillor at the foote is deuided into .6 partes and vnder the Capital it is diminished one of the .6 partes that is half a parte on eyther side and the .5 partes which remaigne be for the thicknes of the pillor vnder the Capitale From the whiche thicknes ye shall drawe downe perpendiculerly vnto the third part of the height of Scapus whervpon is made the halfe compas the which .2 lynes shal make .2 crosses on eche side of the half compas one Then mesure from the crosse by the side of the halfe compas vnto the lowest part of the half compas and deuide the same into .6 partes drawinge them ouerthwarte the halfe compas from the one side of the pillor vnto the other marking the endes of the lynes with .1.2.3.4.5.6 then measure from the ouerthwarte lyne vnder the halfe compas deuiding vpwardes to the highest of Scapus into .6 partes The which shal be drawne ouerthwarte the pillor the highest ouerthwarte line at the toppe of Scapus marking that lyne with 1. on and so the other downewardes with 2.3.4.5.6 Then the strike marked with .1 one vnder the Capitall is drawen downe on bothe the sides vnto the lyne that ledeth to the half compas whiche is also marked with one Then drawe downe righte from the strike .2 whiche is drawin ouerthwarte the pillor at the toppe vnto the other lyne which leadeth to the half compas .2 and so downwardes from .3 perpendy culerly to the other lyne or crosse marked with .3 and so directly downwardes from .4 to .4 frō 5. to .5 and so likwise from 6. to 6. That done take a rule and drawe frō the 2. strikes which are the thicknes of the pillor vnder the Capitall to the end of the vpright line marked .2 which stayeth that lyne which is drawen ouerthwart the pillor marked also .2 and drawe from .2 to the end of the vpright lyne marked .3 and so likwise from .3 to .4 downewardes and so from .4 to .5 and from .5 to .6 So done ye haue closed vp the sides with the diminishinge of your pillor as ye may perceiue by your grounde plot the other side is lefte vnclosed wherin ye may perceue where the lynes do stoppe whiche be drawne vpwardes out of the half compas The other side of the pillor I haue closed because ye shuld see it and the better vnderstand therby how to close and finish the diminishing of the pillors At the toppe of Scapus or Pillor right vnder the Capitall is made Astragalus with his Regula being in height the sixte parte of Modulus The which Regula shal be halfe so much in height as the height of Astragalus marked with S. whose Proiectures shal be somuch as the pillor is diminished on eche side a like If your pillor shall haue Canaliculos there must be of those .20 round about Scapus so done make a square so greate as one of those .20 partes then drawe from corner to
corner ouerthwart the square makyng a crosse in the mydell of that square Then take a payre of compasses and set the one ende of your compasses in the middell of the crosse and draw with the other poincte of your coÌ„passes al a long by the side of your square froÌ„ the one corner to the other compassing the same quarter as more plainely doth appere by your ground plot marked with A. the whiche ar the right Canalicoli Beneth at the foote of Scapus lieth Regula being of the same height that Astragalus is of at the toppe and so endeth Scapus CAPITAL VPpon the toppe of Scapus you shall set the Capitall or hedde of the pillor marked with T. and is in heigth a iust Modulus that height deuide into .3 partes Geue one part vnto Hypotrachelium marked with V. and the second part deuide into .3 partes .2 of those shal be for Echinus marked with X. the rest is lefte for the .3 kinges which be called Apophiges or Anuli Now the thirde and higheste parte deuyde you also into .3 partes wherof .2 of those partes shal be geuen to Plinthus marked with Y. the thirde parte whiche remaineth geue to Cymatium and his rule or Regula which Regula shal be the thirde parte of that which remaineth and lieth at the toppe of the Capitale The Proiecture of this Capitale shal be correspondent with the proiecture of the Plinthus at the foote of the pillor and is marked with N the whiche Proiecture is obserued of the Antiques in the sayd pillor which is already finished and standeth by Howbeit Vitruuius writeth it to be made after this sorte to wit that the Proiecture of the Capitale shal be the twelueth and sixte parte of a Modulus Thus is finished the Capitale with all his Proiectures EPISTYLIVM VPon the Capitale shal be set Epistylium marked with A. the height therof shal be a Modulus that height ye shall deuide into 7. partes Geue Tenia marked with B. the seuenth parte and geue Subtenia and Gutta pendante marked with C. the sixte part of a modulus to their height and that part deuide vnto .4 partes Geue .3 vnto Gutta pendant being .6 in number the fourth part shall be for the edge or Regula in Epistylia vnder Tenia ZOPHORVS VPon Epistylium shal be set Triglyphi marked with D. whose height muste be a Modulus and a halfe Also the bredth therof shal be a Modulus and that bredth you shall deuide into .12 partes Geue 1. of those vnto eche one of the Semicanalicoli the which stand on either syde of the Triclyphi so remayne yet .10 partes and .6 of those shal be for Strie or the flath whiche are marked with E. the other 4 partes are left for the Canalicoli standing vpright within the Triglyphi wher vpon ye shall set his Capitale which also is called Tenia being in height the sixte part of Modulus and marked with F. Bitwixte the .2 Triglyphos yow shall set Methopa marked with G. being square so high as it is broad and in that square shal be made a bulles bed his hornes bound about with rybandes garnished with branches flowers and Iewelles hanging at the endes of the Ribandes In euery second Methopa ought to be made a faire basone or flat peace the which inwardely shuld be garnished but I am not hable to set fourth the bewtye therof in so small a figure The highest parte of TRABEATIONIS called in English a Cornishe VItruuius teacheth vs that the height of it shuld be a Modulus and that yow shall deuide into 2. partes the lowest parte deuide into .5 partes Geue .1 to Cymatium vnder Corona also .1 other vnto Cymatium aboue Corona the other .3 partes geue vnto Corona whose marke is H that second parte which remayneth of the Modulus ye shall geue vnto Syma marked with I. Then adde the eight part of a Modulus to be the height for his edge or Regula aboue Sima the proiectures to be like to their heightes sauing that the Proiecture of Corona must be twise his height by cause in it must be made the order of Gutta being right ouer Triglyphi they shal be .18 in nomber .6 the one way and .3 the other Right ouer Methopa the Antiques vsed to cut in Corona Iupiters mark of the thunder bolte Thus endeth the opinion of VitruuÌ„ius in these thinges Neuertheles as ye may perseue by the muller or Coronicis of the antiques that staÌ„deth on the right side wherunto they haue added Echinus and Denticuli with Apophigis or rule garnished it after many beautiful facions bringing their worke to a great height the which height causeth a fairer Proiecture which was for the further setting fourth of their workâ—… was pleasant to the beholders therof If it be a gate house or gallery of pleasure hauing Ionica or Corinthia of him supported or standing by him then ought he to be richly garnished But if he stande in the gate of a citie or castel by force or strength then ought he to be made with those strong measures which are ascribed vnto him standing in the place of Mars Hercules whaÌ„ he standeth with the other pillors he is like vnto Minerua and therfore haue respecte vnto his place THus hauinge finished all the measures ending now at the highest of TRABEATIONIS I shall name al the partes and parssels with their markes whereby is knowen the thing that is wrighten or spoken of to the clearnes or opening of matters and an excercise for the reader to know the names by I haue more at large spokeÌ„ of this matter in the ending of the Tuscan piller therfore I shall begine in TRABEATIONIS REGVLA Sima marked with I. CymatiuÌ„ Corona marked with H. CymatiuÌ„ inferior Echinus Regula Denticulos added Tenia marked with F. Triglyphi marked with D. Methopa marked with G. Tenia marked with B. Regula and Gutta marked with C. CAPITVLI marked with T. Regula Cymatium Plinthus marked with Y. Echinus marked with X. Annulitres Hipotrachelium marked with V. COLVMNA or SCAPVS Apophiges Superior Apophiges inferior marked with R. SPIRA or BASIS marked with M. Torus superior marked with O. Regula Scotia marked with Q. Regula Torus Inferior marked with P. Plinthus marked with N. STYLOBATA Coronix marked E. Regula marked with L. Cymatium marked with K. Astragalus marked with I. to the antike pillor is added Corona Regula and Sima Quadratum Diagonium marked with C. the diagonall line marked B. Ichnographia or ground plot marked with A. BASIS marked with D. Regula Astragalus marked with H. Torus marked G. Plinthus marked F. in the finished pillor or BASIS is as followeth Regula Cymatium reuersa Regula Sima Reuersa Regula Plinthus which maketh an end for this piller IONICA ⧠IONICA THE MANER FORME AND ORDER of the Symetria or measure of Ionica whiche was deuised by the Ionians and set in the temple of Diana STylobata or Pedestale of Ionica you shal make the boddy therof after this sorte The flat stone