known by the signs which shew watry Humours heap'd up in the Brain the Medicines above mentioned must be used Moreover for those who bear Purging well a Vomit or gentle Purge must be prescribed Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius dulcis Rubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of good use when the cause of the Convulsions seems to be lodged in the Bowels or when Worms or sharp Humours in the Belly are the cause For Worms a Purge of Rubarb or of Mercurius dulcis with the Rosin of Jalap must be given and the following Medicines are also of use Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed powdered one Dram of Coral calcined till it is white half a Dram make a Powder The Dose is half a Scruple or a Scruple twice a day for three days following drinking upon it the Decoction of the Roots of Grass Take of Hiera pitra and of Venice-Treacle each one Dram make a Plaister for the Belly If the Convulsions are thought to proceed from sharp Humours disturbing the Bowels or Stomach Purging upward and downward by turns is to be observed to this end a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol is to be given Take of Syrup of Peony three Ounces Salt of Vitriol two Scruples of Compound Lavender-water one Dram mingle them give a Spoonful three or four times in an hour till the Child has once Vomited or went to Stool once But if Evacuation downward seem most proper give the Infusion of Rubarb or the Powder of it or Syrup of Succory with Rubarb or Syrup of Roses with Agarick And moreover Glisters are to be used frequently in this case and External Medicines are to be applied to the Belly Take of the leaves of Camomil cut small two handfuls put them into two Bags made of fine Cloth or of Silk which being dip'd in hot Milk and pressed out are to be applied successively to the Belly CHAP. VI. Of the Night-Mare or Incubus IT is commonly supposed by the ordinary sort of People that this Disease is occasioned by the Devil or an Evil Spirit 's lying upon their Stomachs which perhaps may be so sometimes but it also comes from meer Natural Causes as is supposed though what those are or where the Morbisick Matter is placed is not known when it is thought to come from Natural Causes the Cure is to be undertaken in the following manner Bleeding and gentle Purging is first to be used and afterward things proper for the Head as Powders of Ambar Coral Pearls the Roots of Male-peony Dittany of Crete Contra yerva and other things prescribed in the Chapter of the Apoplexy and the like But an orderly Diet is first to be prescribed windy Meats and such as are hard of Digestion are to be avoided and Sleep must not be indulged after Eating or Study and large and late Suppers and lying on the Back must be forbid Infants and Children are often troubled with this Disease the sign whereof is their starting in their Sleep and crying out violently and after they have had these Fits often they fall into Convulsions wherefore a right Method of Cure ought to be administred as soon as they seem to be disordered in their Sleep Inquiry must be made concerning the Milk they Suck whether it be good or not and whether it agrees with their Stomachs after they have Sucked plentifully they must not be suffered to sleep the Nurse must use an orderly Diet and let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of a Powder or Electuary that is proper for the Head drinking upon it a Draught of Posset-drink wherein the Leaves of Sage or Bettany or the Roots or Seeds of Peony have been boiled Let the Infant take twice a day a Spoonful of Black-Cherry-water let an Issue be made in the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side sometimes on the other and seldom or never upon the Back And Coral or the Seeds of Male-peony being hanged about the Neck or upon the Pit of the Stomach may do some good When they start violently often in their Sleep apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears Moreover Morning and Evening daily give half a Scruple of the Powder de Gutteta in a Spoonful of Lime-flower-water CHAP. VI. Of Sleepy Diseases Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four sorts of Preternatural Sleep Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy which because for the most part they proceed from the same Causes and require the same Methods of Cure therefore they shall be treated of together in this Chapter The first and principal cause of these Diseases is a Flegmatick or Watry Humour contained in the Brain contrary to Nature Secondly Sleepy Diseases are wont to be generated by Blood abounding in the Brain and from extravasated Blood stopping or oppressing the Ventricles of the Brain sleepy Disease and especially an Apoplexy is sometimes occasioned Thirdly It is certain that a Comatose Disease proceeds from a Tumor that oppresses the Brain by its weight Fourthly Immoderate Vapors carried to the Head may be the cause of a Sympathetick Coma. Fifthly From the immoderate use of Narcotick Medicines inwardly taken so deep a Sleep is occasioned that many by the imprudent use of Opium have slept their last That Sleepy Diseases are occasioned by Flegmatick Humours stagnating in the Brain is known by a Flegmatick Habit of Body by old Age or Childhood by a cold or moist Season or Country by the Suppression of the Excretion of Flegm by the Mouth and Nostrils and for that the Sick before the coming of this Disease was afflicted with a Dulness of the Head Dimness of Sight and Unaptness for Motion and because in the Disease Flegm flows from the Mouth and Nostrils or falling upon the Throat is frequently swallowed down by the Sick That Blood produces a sleepy Disease is known by a Plethorick Disposition by Redness of the Face and by a Pain in the Head foregoing this Disease That the Sympathetick Disease arises from Vapors elevated to the Brain is known by the absence of those Signs which signifie an Idiopathetick Disease also by the signs of the peculiar disorder of the Parts from whence Vapors are transmitted to the Brain A very thin Diet is to be ordered at the beginning of these Diseases and when the Fit is off the Sick to prevent a Relapse must forbear all strong Liquors and be fed with Barly and Oat-meal Broths or with Chicken Broth and sometimes especially when he Purges with Chickens Lamb and the like When a Physician is first called to a Patient that is seized with a sleepy Disease he must endeavour by all means to rowse him by offering Violence to all his Senses and therefore he must expose his Eyes to the Sun-beams or to a clear Light his Ears must be filled with violent Noises and Clamours and the Sick must be sure to be called aloud by his own name sharp things are to be blown up his Nostrils the Sense of Touching
Medicines may be applied to the Forehead and the Temples at the very beginning of the Disease because by them the Veins by which the Humours fall upon the Eyes are compressed and the Humour repelled They may be made after this manner Take of Bole-armenick Dragons blood Frankincense Mastich each one Dram red Roses Balaustins and the Flower of Lentles each two Scruples mix them with the White of an Egg and Vinegar of Roses Make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Forehead and Temples A Cataplasm made of the Juice of Nettles and Wheaten Flower is esteemed very effectual for stopping the Flux of Humours upon the Eye being applied to the Forehead and Temples sometimes the Juice of Nettles by a specifick quality does stop all manner of Fluxes of Blood being either applied outwardly to the place or taken inwardly In the mean time if the pain be very violent which causes a Fluxion more and more upon the Eyes anodine Medicines must be applied to the Eyes of which the new Milk of an healthful Woman is the best which is to be milk'd from the Breast into the Eye instead of it new Cheese made of Sheeps Milk may be used But it must be often changed lest it turn to Butter and so augment the inflamation The White of an Egg beat into Water is greatly commended by Galen because it eases Pain and stops the Fluxion gently An Apple roasted under Cinders does also greatly mitigate the pain of the Eyes The Mucilages of the Seeds of Fleabean Quinces and Fenugreek Seeds extracted with Rose-water do greatly ease Pain they must be changed once in two days lest they become sharp Of these several Compositions may be made upon occasion For example Take of the Pap of a sweet Apple roasted under the Cinders one Ounce of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Psyllium and of Quinces extracted in Rose-water each six Drams of the Liquor of the White of a new Egg and Womans Milk each one Ounce Make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Eyes Pieces of Kids Calves or Sheeps Flesh new kill'd frequently applied to the Eyes powerfully ease Pains A more simple Cataplasm may be made of Crums of Bread moistned in Womans Milk and Rose-water But if the Pain be vehement and intolerable Narcoticks must be used but sparingly and with Caution because they condense the Spirits that serve for Sight and thicken the Coats of the Eye and the Humours and so dull the Sight Amongst the Ocular Narcoticks Trochisci Albi Rhasis with Opium are the best which may be prescribed after this manner Take of Rose Water two Ounces the White of an Egg strongly beaten one Ounce Trochisci Albi Rhasis with Opium one Dram make a Collyrium to be dropt into the Eyes After the Pain is abated repelling Medicines are to be used which ought to be moderate and anodine Medicines are to be always mixed with them to this end the following Collyrium uses to be prescribed Take of Plantane-water Rose-water each an Ounce and an half Liquor of the White of an Egg an Ounce Trochisci Albi Rhasis without Opium one Dram make a Collyrium to be often dropt into the Eyes If the Pain be more sharp Womans Milk and the above mentioned Mucilages may be added to the Collyrium The following Remedy powerfully abates the Inflammation and stops the Fluxion Take the white of one Egg beat it with a pretty big piece of Allum in a Tin Platter stir it until it has got the consistence of an Ointment spread it upon a Rag and apply it warm to the Eyes romove it in the space of two Hours lest by staying too long it fix the Humours in the Eye by the astringent force which is in the Allum Sal Saturni dissolved in Rose-water or Oxycrate or mixed with Pomatum does powerfully extinguish the Inflammation of the Eyes In the augmentation of the Disease digesting Medicines are to be mixed with repelling Medicines therefore to the above-mentioned Collyriums may be added Waters of Eye-bright Fennel Celandine and the Mucilages of the Seeds of Flax Marsh-Mallows Foenugreek Galen chiefly commends the Decoction of Foenugreek Seeds because it Digests Concocts and moderately repels When the Disease is at a height Sarcocol is also added to Collyriums which digests a little more powerfully But because it hurts the Eyes by its Acrimony it is fit to infuse it some days in Milk often changed before it be used and a small quantity of it ought to be prepared at once for after it is long kept it turns sharp and is hurtful to the Eyes it may be used after this manner Take of Flowers of Melilot Camomil red Roses each one pugil of the Seeds of Foemigreek well cleansed one dram boil them in Plantane-water in four ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve a dram of Sarcocol prepared of Tutty prepared and Trochisci albi Rhasis without Opium each half a dram make a Collyrium There are some Waters commended by Authors as very effectual Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum in Eye-bright and Plantane-waters Crollius and the rest of the Chymists greatly commend Salt of Saturn dissolved in Rose-water to which may be added some Grains of Sal Ammoniacum It may be prescribed after this manner Take of Sacharum Saturni three grains of Salt Ammoniacum three grains Rose-water three ounces mix them and drop of it into the Eyes Morning and Night A Water made of white Vitriol it being dissolved in Red Rose-water or Plantane-water is commonly used as Take of White Vitriol one scruple dissolve it in four ounces of Plantane or Rose-water strain it and drop it into the Eyes If it be too sharp it must be qualified by mixing more Water with it Many Ointments are also commended for the Cure of an Ophthalmia Take of prepared Tutty an ounce and an half of Camphor one dram of Verdigrease grains twelve powder the Camphor and the Tutty together in a Mortar and the Verdigrease by it self all of them must be very finely powdered then take of fresh Butter one Ounce of Rose-water one dram boil them together gently and having taken them from the Fire mix by degrees first the Tutty with the Camphor afterwards the Verdigrease strain them through Silk and make an Oyntment Anoint the inward part of the Eye-lids especially about corners with this Oyntment This is of excellent use for Inflammations of the Eyes and for itching of the Eye-lids When the Disease is come to its State resolving Remedies ought to exceed Repellents and the same Remedâ—es which were used at the beginning are also good when it is at its height if you increase the quantity of the Resolvents and lessen the quantity of the repelling Ingredients A Fomentation made in the following manner is convenient to be used to discuss the Morbisick Matter when the Disease is at height Take of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Roses each one Pugil of the Seeds of Fenugreek two Ounces make a Decoction wherewith foment
an half strain it let the Sick take three or four Spoonfuls either by themselves or in some hot Broth. These kind of Jellies may be made more pleasant to the Pallate by adding at the time of use a little of the Syrup of Baulm Gilliflowers Raspberries Oranges or Lemmons though it must be confessed Acid Syrups do not so well agree with Jellies The manner of making a Restorative Broth is as follows Take a Capon drawn and cut in pieces of Sheeps and Calves feet each two pair the shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn each half an ounce two leaves of Mace one Nutmeg cut yellow Sanders three drams or half an ounce boil them all gently in one gallon of Fountain-water till half is consumed add towards the end of boiling a pint of Malago-Sack and of the Flowers of the greater Daisie Coltsfoot Maiden-hair Spotted Lungwort each one handful of fat Dates eight pair of Jujubs twelve pair of Sebestens ten pair of Raisins of the Sun stoned three ounces strain it let the Sick take a large Draught of it twice or thrice a day Prepared Coral Millepedes Pearls Crabs-eyes prepared the Simple Powder of Crabs-claws and other testaceous Medicines taken plentifully and often in a day are good to blunt the Acrimony of the Blood Take of the Aqua lactis Alexiteria of Carduus or of black Cherry-water one pint of Cinnamon-water hordeated half a pint of prepared Pearl half an ounce of white Cristaline Sugar two ounces mingle them make a Julep whereof let the Sick take four ounces shaking the Viol always when it is used three or four times in a day adding if the Stomach require it one or two ounces of Epidemick water Or Take of the Powder of Millepedes of Crabs-eyes prepared of the Simple Powder of Crabs-claws each one dram of the Powder of white Ambar half a dram mingle them divide it into nine Papers whereof let him take one thrice a day in a Spoonful of the Pearl Julep Fifthly If the Sick seem free from an Obstruction of the Liver and has neither the Dropsie nor the Jaundice but the Milk-Diet before described does not agree by reason of a Loosness or the Acid Ferment of the Stomach besides the altering Medicines above described the free use of the compound distilled Waters of Milk Snails a Pig and the like may be ordered with success to attemperate farther the Acrimony of the Humours The Milk-water Take of the leaves of Maiden-hair Coltsfoot spotted Lungwort Speedwell each three handfuls of Hyssop Goats-rue Mint and Wormwood each two handfuls of the Flowers of St. John's Wort and Scabious each two handfuls of English Saffron one dram three Nutmegs sliced Dates and fat Figs each half a pound of Raisins of the Sun stoned one pound cut them and infuse them in three gallons of fresh Cows Milk and three quarts of Malago-Sack distill them in a cold Still and draw off half the Liquor and mix the Distillations and keep them for use If the Consumption be Scorbutical you may add in Distillation the tops of Pine Water-cresses and Brook-lime and Ground-Ivy with other gentle Antiscorbuticks And instead of Malago Sack you may use Brunswick Mum. If you would have this Water also Restorative you must add a Capon or a Pig in the second Distillation For instance Take a Capon or a Pig the Intrails being taken out cut in pieces of the Milk-water above described one gallon distill off three parts of the Liquor Snail-water Take of Garden-Snails cleansed with Salt three hundred of common Milk or rather of the Milk-water above prescribed three gallons distill them in a cold Still with a gentle Fire till the Liquor becomes Acid And the following Magisterial water of Worms is not to be despised for it will keep good a long while Take of fresh Milk two gallons of Mint and Roman Worm-wood each two handfuls distill off one gallon Then take of Garden-Snails first wash'd in common water then in Small-beer half a peck of Earth-worms prepared one Pint of Angelica one handful and an half of Agrimony Bettony and Rue each one handful put the Herbs into a Still and the Snails and Worms upon them and at top shavings of Harts-horn half a pound Cloves one ounce Saffron three drams infuse them in two quarts of Syder and one of Malago-Sack then distill all in a cold Still These Liquors are to be drank freely for the ordinary drink mixed with an equal part of Milk if the Stomach will bear it and if the Sick can quench his Thirst with it If a Julep be more pleasing give it in the following manner Take of the Waters of Pig or Capon before described one pint of white Cristaline Sugar a sufficient quantity boil them to a Syrup Take of Milk or Snail-water one pint and an half of the Syrup just described four ounces mingle them make a Julep whereof let the Sick drink freely Or Take of the Water of Milk or of Magisterial Snail-water a quart of pearled Sugar ten drams or an ounce and an half mingle them make a Julep whereof let him take freely and frequently But if there is not so much a Hectick Feaver as a difficulty of Breathing as it often happens to such as are afflicted with a Scorbutick Consumption a Pectoral Hydromel is better for the ordinary Drink than distilled Waters abounding with Flegm Take of the roots of China sliced six ounces of the roots of Coltsfoot gathered at a Fit-time three ounces of the roots of Burdock and Avens each three ounces of the roots of Elecampane two ounces of the leaves of Lungwort all the Scabious both the Speedwells Meadow-sweet and Monywort each two handfuls of all the Capillaries each one handful of the flowering tops of Bugles and Bettony of the flowers of red Speedwell and of Cowslips each four Pugils of all the Ground Ivy three handfuls of Jujubs Dates Sebestens and Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one ounce and an half of Spanish Liquorish one ounce and an half cut them all and boil them in sixteen quarts of Fountain-water with a gentle Fire till half is consumed strain it and clarifie it and add to it four pound of the best Honey boil it again and take off the Scum strain it again add half an ounce of Cinnamon six drams of Coriander-seed of the Seeds of Annise and Sweet Fennel each three drams put the Liquor into a large Tub and let it ferment which it will the sooner do if the Tub be placed in the Sun for then it will be sufficiently fermented in forty days otherwise it will require a much longer time The Vessel must be always kept open and full Of this let the Sick drink a good Draught twice or thrice a day for many Months When the Consumption comes to its third State the Sick very rarely is cured or lives long unless the Ulcers are very small and benign wherefore though a prudent and honest Physician being called to Consumptive People at this time may endeavour to
of Oranges each two ounces of the Winteran-Bark two drams of the Species Diacurcuma one dram and an half of Steel prepared with Sulphur three drams of Salt of Wormwood two drams of Syrup of the Bark of Curon a sufficient quantity make an Electuary the Dose is two drams in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon Chalybeats do often a great deal of good in this Disease Take of the compound Powder of the Roots of Wake-robin of the Winteran-bark each three drams of the Roots of the lesser Galingal and of Cubebs each one dram and an half of Steel prepared with Sulphur half an ounce of Sugar anthosated six drams make a Powder to be divided into twenty Parts give one Part every Morning and at five in the Afternoon Let him drink of the following Decoction instead of Beer Take of the Shavings of Guajacum and Sassafras each four ounces of the Roots of Florentine-orris of Sweet-smelling-flag the lesser Galingal and of Elecampane each one ounce and an half of the Berries of Juniper and Bayes each two ounces of the Seeds of Annise Carrawayes Sweet-fennel Coriander and Dill each one ounce of Long-pepper and Cubebs each one ounce and an half of Cloves Nutmegs and Ginger each half an ounce of Jamaica Pepper two ounces of the dried Leaves of Sharp-sage Wild-sage Calaminth Agrimony each one handful of Liquorish four ounces cut them and bruise them and boil them in four Gallons of Fountain-water till half is consumed keep the strained Liquor in Bottles for use Many have been cured by this Liquor CHAP. LXXXV Of the Scurvy IN the old Treatises of Physick there is so seldom mention made of the Scurvy and the Description of it is so small that some have doubted whether such a Disease that is now Endimial in many Places and Sporadick almost every where and wherewith almost every one is affected or thinks he is so did at all exist in ancient Times and some think its Rise is of a newer date as are the French-pox and Rickets but this Disease though it had other Names was observed by the Ancients and the Cure of it was described by them though not very exactly Many and various are the Symptoms of the Scurvy and sometimes such as are of a contrary Nature are imputed to it and if any unusual Accident happens to the Body that cannot be referred to any other certain kind of Disease we presently pronounce it Scorbutick And so this notorious Disease bears the Blame of all but many truly belong to it which arise in almost every part of the Body and therefore we will trace it from Head to Foot it occasions violent habitual wandering or periodick Head-achs sometimes a Dulness of the Spirits and Drowsiness sometimes Watchings Giddiness Convulsions Palsie much Spitting Ulcers of the Gums Loosness of the Teeth and a Stinking of the Breath About the Region of the Breast Pains in various parts of the Membranes and especially on the Breast-bone which are often very violent for many Nights and Days an Asthma difficult and unequal Breathing Constriction and Narrowness of the Breast a dry Cough an inordinate Pulse trembling of the Heart frequent Fainting and almost a continual Fear of it This Disease makes the lower Belly its principal Seat and occasions many Disorders there as Nauseousness Vomiting Wind a Cardialgia frequent Collicks and troublesome Pains running hither and thither a Loosness that is almost continual sometimes a Bloody-flux a Consumption and a Dropsie The Urine is often red with a Crust upon it or sticking to the Sides of the Pot and sometimes 't is pale and rendred in a great quantity in the outward Members and over the whole Body there are Wandring pains and oftentimes such as are violent especially in the Night also Spontaneous Lassitude a Wasting of the Flesh a weakness of the Limbs Spots of various colours upon the Skin Tumours Tubercles and ill Ulcers Numbness and Contraction of the Muscels Twitching of the Tendons Erratick Feavers and great Hemorrhagies These are the common and usual Symptoms of the Scurvy whereof sometimes more sometimes fewer sometimes this kind sometimes that kind afflict the Sick and sometimes unusual and prodgious Accidents happen As to the Cure Because it is not one simple preternatural Disorder but a Legion is to be combated with therefore the Method of Cure consists of many Indications that are variously complicated but yet they may be referred to these three Heads viz. They must be preservative to respect the Cause of the Diseases and curative that respect the Disease it self and its Symptoms And Lastly Vital which restore and defend the Strength of the Patient First The Sick must be purged and if there be a weight upon the Stomach a Vomit must be given and if the Patient be strong and lusty and used to bear Vomiting well the Vinum-benedictum may be given and the like But if the Sick be of a weakly Constitution you must give Wine of Squills or Gilla Theophrasti and the Sick must fill his Stomach with Posset-drink and force it up with his Finger or with a Feather As to Purging If the Sick be of a hot Constitution Medicines of Aloes and Diagridium must be avoided and such as are made of Senna and Rubarb must be given As Take of the Leavss of Senna one ounce of Rubarb six drams of Dodder of Thym three drams of the Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of English Rubarb dried each half an ounce of yellow Sanders two drams of Celtick Spike half a dram of Salt of Wormwood two drams cut them and bruise them and infuse them in a Matrass in the Heat of Sand with Whitewine and Fumitory-water each a Pint for two days evaporate the clear Liquor strained in the gentle heat of a Bath to the Consistence of Hony then add of the Powder of the Leaves of Senna and of Rubarb each one dram and an half of the Species of the three Sanders one dram of Cream of Tartar one dram and an half make a Mass for Pills The Dose is from half a dram to a dram to be taken once a Week or oftner Or let the Infusion be evaporated to the Consistence of a Syrup adding towards the end of Manna strained and of White Sugar each two ounces make a Syrup The Dose is one or two Spoonfuls in a proper Vehicle They who are of a cold Constitution may take the following Pills Take of the Stomach-pill with Gums two drams of Rosin of Jalap grains twenty of Tartar vitriolated grains sixteen of Oyl of Juniper ten drops with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolved in the Water of Worms make sixteen Pills let four be taken once a Week Take of the Roots of Sharp-pointed-dock of Polypody of the Oak of stinging-nettles and of Chervil each six drams of the Leaves of Hemp Agrimony and Speedwell each one handful of yellow and white Sanders each one dram of the Seeds of Bastard saffron one ounce of White-wine Tartar half an
Cause which is a cold intemperies of the Brain To which end the following Remedies must be used Take of the Roots of Cyperus Florentine Orris Angelica Zedoary Elecompane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Peniroyal Calaminth each one handful of the Tops of Thym and Sage each half an handful of the Seeds of Anise Sesely and Fennel each three Drams of Liquorish rasped of Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Leaves of Senna cleansed and sprinkled with Aqua Vitae two Ounces of the Seeds of Carthamus bruised and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one Ounce of Agarick newly trochiscated of Turbith and Hermodactil's each three Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Dram of the Flowers of Staechas of Rosemary Sage and Lavender each one pugil boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a Pint dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon and make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in a Morning In the first and last Dose dissolve three Drams of Diaphaenicon Or Take of the Mass of Pill Cochiae Minor two Scruples moisten them with Bettony Water make five or six Pills guild them and let him take them early in the Morning The Pills of Agarick and of Cochiae major are used for the same purpose Take of Gujacum and of Sarsaparilla each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water over hot Ashes then boil them over a gentle fire to the consumption of half strain it give half a Pint hot in the Morning and cover the Sick well that they may Sweat The use of this may be continued for fifteen or twenty days or longer In the use of Sudorifick Decoctions this is always to be observed viz. let some Purging Medicine be given once a Week omitting for that day the Sudorifick Potion Sneezing Apoplegmatisms Blisters Head Powders and Baths are also used After the use of the Diet Drink give the following Pills once a Week Take of the faetid Pill Coch. Minor each half a Dram Troches of Alhandal four Grains mingle them and make Pills to be taken in the Morning But because the Humour wants preparation before every Purge therefore two or three days before every Dose of the Pills give three or four Ounces of the following Water in the Morning two hours before Eating Take of Gujacum four Ounces of the Bark of the same one Ounce of Sarsaparilla one Ounce and an half of China one Ounce of Sassafras six Drams of Wood of Aloes and of Galingal each one Dram and an half of the Roots of Angelica Peony and Fennel each three Drams and an half of the Seeds of Peony two Drams infuse them twenty four hours in six Pints of Fountain Water and two Quarts of White Wine Afterwards add the Leaves of Bettony ground Pine Sage each one handful of the Flowers of the Lime-tree Primrose Staechas and Rosemary each two Pugils of Lavender Flowers one Pugil of Old Venice Treacle half an Ounce of the Seeds and Bark of Citron each two Drams and an half of Polypody half an Ounce of Cinnamon six Drams distil them in a Bath to two Pints and an half of the Liquor add four Ounces of Penids If the Purges abovementioned are not successful it will be convenient to give Chymical Vomits as Vinum Benedictum and the like if the Sick is able to bear them After general Evacuation we must use Topicks both to the Paralytick part to recall the Heat and Spirits and to the Spinal Marrow where for the most part resides the Cause of the Disease therefore let the part affected be rubbed daily gently with hot Cloaths and let Cupping Glasses be applied to the Heads of the Muscles of the part affected let them have a narrow Mouth and much Flame But they must not be kept on long lest what is attracted should be dissipated Afterwards apply a Plaister of Pitch and Rosin of the Pine that what is attracted may be kept in All the Paralytick part may be Stung gently with Nettles Afterwards the part affected may be anointed with proper Oils Ointments and Balsams The following Ointment is very good in this case Take of the Juice of Squills four Ounces of the Juice of Wild Cucumber and of the Juice of Rue each one Ounce of Euphorbium Castor Sagapenum Ammoniacum Bdellium dissolved all in Vinegar each one Dram and an half of Myrrh Frankincense Pellitory of Spain Niter each one Dram of Oils of Elder Turpentine and of Euphorbium each half an Ounce of Wax a sufficient quantity to make an Ointment After the anointing the part wrap it about with hot Cloaths If the Disease goes not off by these means Plaisters are to be applied to the Spine of the Back the following is of excellent use for this purpose Take of Ship-pitch Galbanum Sagapenum and Gum Ammoniack each one Ounce of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and of Mustard Seed each half an Ounce of Euphorbium two Drams of Yellow Wax three Drams of Oyl of Turpentine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister It is also very good to Sweat the Part affected by the Vapours from a Decoction of Cephalick Herbs and Roots made in White Wine but the Decoction must not touch the Part. A Decoction of the Roots of Burdock is also much commended in this Case These sorts of Baths are to be used twice or thrice a Week and after Bathing you must put the Sick to Bed and give him a Dram of Venice Treacle The green Leaves of Tobacco infused in Malago Wine and the Parts bathed with it after Sweating is reckoned the best outward Remedy for a Palsie But lastly the Bath Waters are best if the Sick drink of them some days Bath and Wash the Head with them and afterwards rub the Parts with the Infusion of Tobacco Leaves The Paralytick Parts must be always kept warm If it can be with the Skins of Foxes Hares or Lambs CHAP. X. Of a Convulsion A Convulsion in Latin Spasmus is an involuntary and perpetual Retraction of the Nerves and Muscles towards their Original It is twofold one properly so called to which the Definition above mentioned agrees the other is rather a Convulsive Motion and they are thus distinguished In a true Convulsion the retraction of the Muscle is continual and the Member immoveable In a Convulsive Motion the Member is variously agitated as in the Falling-sickness They also differ in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceeds from fulness or emptiness a Convulsive Motion from Irritation A true Convulsion is divided into universal and particular an universal takes its rise either from the Brain and then the Muscles of the Face are also seised with Convulsions or it arises from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow then the Muscles of the Head or those that move the Spine forward or backward are seised with Convulsions Upon which account there are three sorts
that it cannot move readily also too much Dryness hinders Speech which happens in Feavers but Organick Diseases are magnitude increased as was said before of Tumours which hinders the free Motion of the Tongue the Figure of it faulty as when the Tongue is naturally too short or when the Top of it is cut off or when the Bridle is too strait and an Obstruction of the Nerves of the seventh Pair which are brought to the Muscles that move the Tongue Lastly Common Diseases are a Solution of the Continuum and Wounds of the Part. Too great a Moisture of the Tongue causes Stammering and such so affected cannot pronounce the Letter R and it is either native as in Children who by reason of too great Moisture are troubled with it and are freed from it in Progress of Time whereby the Superfluous Moisture is consumed But in some it remains all their Life long and they always Stammer But in some Stammering is accedental and comes from a Catarrh and from a great Fluxion of a Flegmatick Humour falling upon the Jaws or Tongue and is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation and by strengthning and drying the Head The Cure of a Palsie of the Tongue is performed by taking off the antecedent Cause viz. The Humour abounding in the Brain and by discussing the Conjunct Cause viz. the Humour thrust into the Nerves moving the Tongue And first Purging must be ordered and Bleeding must be used if Blood abound and such a Quantity must be taken away as is agreeable to the Age and Strength of the Patient afterwards Cephalick things must be used and if the Diseases be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet-drink After universal Evacuations Derivation of the Morbifick Matter must be made by Cupping-glasses and Blisters applied to the Neck and by an Issue in the hinder part of the Head Avicen applies a Cupping-glass to the Chin which is also approved of by late Authors Bleeding under the Tongue is also used successfully after general Evacuations and to discuss the Humour the following Gargarism is frequently used Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half an ounce of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Sage Staechas Rosemary each half an handful of Cubebs three drams of Liquorish one ounce boil them in equal Parts of Water and Whitewine added towards the end to one Pint strain it and dissolve in it two ounces of Oxymel of Squils mlke a Gargarism But if it be not strong enough to do the business two or three drams of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain or the like quantity of Mustard-seed may be added to it Castor also may be added if it be not too unpleasing The Juice of Sage is much commended the Tongue being rub'd with it you may also add Mustard-seed to it The following Pills may be also held frequently upon the Tongue Take of the Juice of Bettony and Liquorish each one dram and an half of Castor and Assa-faetida each half a dram of Nutmeg and Spicknard each one scruple make them up into small Pills with Honey Fumes and Powders sprinkled into the Hair and the like must be used to strengthen the Brain and to discuss the Relicts of the Flegmatick Humour And lastly To hinder the Growth of new Matter which the Intemperies of the Brain is wont to cause after general and particular Evacuations things that strengthen the Head must be used Of Diseases of the Gums Teeth Jaws Uvula and Larynx CHAP. XLVII Of Pains of the Teeth THe Pain of the Teeth is occasioned by the Influx of Humours which are either Cold Flegmatick Hot Serous Salt or Acrid Worms also bred in rotten Teeth occasions Pain and some think that the Pain proceeds sometimes from Wind. The External and Procatarctick Causes occasioning Pain in the Teeth are all those things which promote Fluxion of Humours the chief whereof are cold Air or Southerly Winds standing long in the Heat of the Sun or abroad in the Night surfetting and all Errors in Diet. To these add Rottenness of the Teeth which weakens them and renders them more apt to receive Fluxions The Diversity of the Causes may be known by various Signs when the Pain arises from hot Humours it is very violent the Constitution hot the Age flourishing it is Summer there is great Heat in the Part and often an Inflammation of the Gums cooling Medicines give Ease hot increase the Pain But if the Pain arise from cold Humours Signs contrary to these appear If Worms are the Cause the Pain is by Intervals and the Motion of the Worm is sometimes perceived in the Part. Pain is likewise produced by a Flatuous Spirit which appears by the vehemency and tearing Pain which is felt in the Part and which goes off in a little time and is easily cured by applying discutient Remedies to the place The Prognostick is various according to the Variety of the Causes A Pain which is occasioned by a hot thin or sharp acrid and salt Humour is the more vehement indeed but sooner goes off by reason of the sudden Changes of the Humours that which proceeds from a cold and Flegmatick Humour is more gentle but of longer Duration A Tumour arising in the Gums or Jaws eases the Pain of the Teeth by reason that the Fluxion is carried to the exterior Parts so that it falls no more upon the Cavity of the Teeth As to the Cure the Cause of the Pain must be taken away and the Pain it self mitigated And although Anodyns have no great Effect unless the Fluxion be taken off yet it is often so violent that it must not only be mitigated with Anodyns properly so called but also with Narcoticks before the Cause be removed Therefore the Humour which flows to the Teeth must be drawn back evacuated and repelled that which is already flown in must be discussed and carried off by Derivation First therefore If the Pain arise from hot Humours Bleeding must be used in the Arm of the same Side whereby a Revulsion of the Humour may be made but if the Pain proceeds from cold Humours Bleeding is not so proper but by reason of the Fluxion it may be used because it principally makes Revulsion but a small quantity of Blood must be taken away unless the Signs of a Plethora appear for in that case large Bleeding may be allowed which is the best means to ease the Pain in the Teeth and all other Pains The next Day some purging Medicine must be given that is proper for the peccant Humour afterwards if the Pain continues Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied to the Shoulders or a large Cupping-glass without Scarification a Blister may be applied to the Neck or behind the Ears for it draws powerfully the Humours backward And to stop the Flux Astringents are properly applied to the Temples such are the Plaisters of Gum-elemi of Mastich alone or ad Herniam The fresh Roots of Comfrey bruised and applied to the Temples are excellent for stopping of Fluxion also the Powder
and by this means many Consumptive People have been recovered Issues are also of use and the Shaving of the Head And if the Hectick heat be but small the Sick ought to drink Calybeat Waters in the Summer-time for by this means many have been relieved Year after Year their Stomack Flesh and Strength recovered and the Hectick Heat and Cough left them and their Breath has been freer But these Waters are not to be used when the Lungs are evidently putrified or when the Flesh is very much wasted by Colloquative Sweats a Loosness or a Dropsie for then they are deadly And when they are proper the Sick must use them the greatest part of the Summer but not so great a quantity at a time as is usual in other Cases two Quarts five Pints or three Quarts may be sufficient at a time and the Sick must take Care that he does not catch Cold and of Errors in Diet Purging is not to be used during the drinking of the Waters in this Case but if the Body be subject to be bound the Purging Mnieral-waters must be taken three or four times at the distance of three or four Days before and after the use of the Calybeat-waters If the Waters do not pass well by Urine or if they cause a Diarrhea you must not continue the use of them long unless these Inconveniences may be remedied by Art to take off or to prevent the Diarrhea I use to prescribe the quantity of a Walnut of the following Electuary to be taken at Bed-time every Night Take of the Pulp of the conserve of old red Roses of the Electuary of Quinces each half an ounce of the Troebes of Ambar three drams of true Bole of Dragons-blood each half a dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Mirtles a sufficient Quantity mingle them make an Electuary To force the Urine I order that a scruple of the whitest Salt of Ambar well cleansed from the Oyl should be dissolved in the first Draught of Water It is also good during the Course of the Water to medicate the ordinary Drink with a Bag of Pectoral Ingredients But secondly If the Hectick Feaver be considerable it is safer to attemperate the Blood by a Milk-Diet but as to a Milk Diet what followeth must be observed First In the use of this Diet nothing but Milk or things made of Milk Bread only excepted must be allowed of but good Quantities of it must be taken frequently least by reason of the Thinness of it the Parts should be deprived of their due Nourishment Secondly This sort of Diet must be continued for the Space of a Month or two Thirdly Spring time is most seasonable for a Milk Course for then the Herbs and Flowers wherewith the Beasts are fed flourish most Fourthly But if by reason of the Ferment of the Stomach being too acid common Milk as it sometimes happens curdles and so cannot be concocted upon which account Vomiting Grips and a Loosness follow it is better to abstain from the use of it and to endeavour to attemperate the Blood with Asses-milk Concerning the use of which observe the following Directions First Give this Milk in the Morning and let the Sick sleep a little in Bed afterwards let it be given again at five in the Afternoon Secondly Nothing of a contrary Nature whether Diet or Medicine must be taken till the Milk is concocted Thirdly You must give a Pint or half a Pint at a time or thereabout for a great Quantity of this or of common Milk can neither be received nor concocted by the Stomach but is usually cast out presently either by Vomit or Stool to the great Prejudice of the Sick wherefore it is prudently ordered by Physicians that as the Stomach is by degrees accustomed to this sort of Diet so the quantity of it should be daily increased from half a Pint to a Pint. Fourthly If the Sick by reason of the acid Ferment of the Stomach is subject upon taking Asses-milk to a Loosnessâ— which frequently happens the Milk must be sweetned with Sugar of Roses and must be milked upon a Branch or two of Mint and if there be occasion and nothing forbids the Sick may take every Night at Bed-time a grain of London Landanum or a Dose of the beforementioned Astringent Electuary Fifthly The Milk must be drank whilst it is warm for if it should grow cold and be afterwards warmed upon the Fire it would be rendered less pleasing to the Tast and Stomach and the Remedy would not be so effectual by reason of the Spirits being wasted Sixthly During the use of Asses-milk which also ought to be ordered in every Milk-diet the Sick must abstain from all other Medicines except Opiats and Astringents if they are necessary to prevent a Loosness or to quiet the Cough at Nights Seventhly But if the Loosness occasioned by the Milk cannot be taken off by the Laudanum and the Astringents or if after it is taken off Vomiting or at least a continual Sickness or Weight upon the Stomach succeed which are the certain Signs of the Milk curdling in the Stomach Or lastly If there be Signs of a Schirâ—hus and Obstruction of the Liver which are frequent in Scorbutical and Hypocondriack People that have had a Consumption a long while rhey must carefully avoid all sorts of Milk for the use of Milk by increasing the Obstruction of the Liver is wont to bring upon the Consumption a Dropsie and Jaundice whereby the original Disease is rendred deplorable Wherefore Fourthly in these cases it is better to alter the Blood and to blunt its Acrimony by the free use of Fish and of testaceous Medicines and also by Restorative Broths made of the extream parts of Animals and drinking freely of the Compound Waters of Milk Capons and Snails and the like though what we said before of the use of Milk is also true with respect to these Flegmatick Waters viz. That when the Liver is obstructed the Jaundice or Dropsie is wont to follow the free use of these Wherefore in such a case it is better to endeavour to Sweeten the Blood in the following manner Let him eat freely of River and Sea-crabs of Lobsters and generally speaking of all testaceous Fish which sort of Diet eaten plentifully much attemperates the Acidity of the Blood and the sharp Ferment of the Stomach Of these testaceous Fish are also made very pleasant Broths which must be taken plentifully Take of River Crabs number an hundred beat them whilst they are alive and boil them in two quarts of Fountain-water add towards the end of boiling two or three blades of Mace one Nutmeg rasped and of Malago-wine half a pint strain it for use Jellies and restorative Broths may be also used to the same purpose For instance Take of the Shavings of Harts-horn and Ivory each four ounces two blades of Mace one bark of an Orange candied boil them in two quarts of Fountain-water to a quart or a pint and
An Inflammation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumour arising from Blood poured upon the Substance of the Stomach and its Membranes And this Blood is either pure and sincere and then it produces a Phlegmon properly so called or it is mixed with Choler Flegm and Melancholly and then it produces an Oedematous Schirrhus Phlegmon or a Phlegmon mixed with an Erysipelas There may be many external Causes viz. Whatsoever renders the Blood hot as hot Medicines drinking of Wine or whatever forces the Blood thither as a Bruise of the Stomach especially when it is full of Meat to which may be added hot and acrid things taken inwardly as Cantharides Sublimate and the like The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are a great Burnining Pricking Distending Pain with Pulsation stretching it self to the Back The Tumour may be felt and sometimes seen the Shoulders are drawn backward the Breathing Swallowing and Belching are difficult Sometimes something Bloody is Vomited up there is a violent Feaver accompanied with dreadful Symptoms If the Inflammation be purely from Blood it is somewhat gentler but if it be joined with an Eâ—ysipelas the Symptoms are very violent and there is an inward Feaver though the outward Parts are cold and the Thirst is unquenchable To this Inflammation of the Stomach that Inflammation is near of kin which either seises that Part of the Liver wherewjth the Stomach is covered or that lies upon the Region of the Abdomen which can be only distinguished by the violence of the Symptoms for the Inflammation of the Stomach is the most violent and most dangerous From what has been said it may be easily prognosticated that this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Nevertheless that is most dangerous which seises the upper Orifice of the Stomach and partakes of the Nature of an Erysipelas If the Inflammation do not kill and be not resolved it degenerates into an Abscess which is known by the Remission of Heat and Feaver the Tumour remaining The Abscess being broken an Ulcer is left behind which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer of the Stomach does not only proceed from an Abscess broken but also from other causes which must be here mentioned least any thing should be desicient in the Theory of it Therefore the causes of an Ulcer of the Stomach are either Internal or External the Internal causes are acrid Humours bred in the Stomach or transmitted from another place to it as Yellow and Black Choler or salt Flegm The external causes are acrid and corroding Medicines or Poisons and hither may be referred Wounds of the Stomach ill cured which degenerate into an Ulcer and also the Rupture of some great Vein which cannot be well cured after vomiting much Blood up An Ulcer bred in the Stomach may be known chiefly by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool to which primary Sign others may be added For first There is perceived in the Stomach a pricking Pain with Heat especially when any thing acrid salt acid or any thing very hot or very cold is taken inwardly There is moreover a Loss of Appetite Stinking Belching and a small and continual Feaver The Prognostick is most commonly deadly unless the Ulcer be very small and possess the Superficies and has not a Feaver joined with it for the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated is difficultly cured and the Nourishment cannot be well concocted and it is rejected before a due concoction besides Medicines can do little good for things that cleanse which are necessary for the Cure of the Ulcer cause Pain and things that dry which should satisfie the other Indication of Healing the Ulcer are continually spoiled by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humours which always stagnate in a weak Stomach The Cure of the foresaid Diseases is to be instituted particularly And first The Cure of the Inflammation is to be begun by Bleeding repeated in the Arm as often as the Strength will bear and though it may seem to be dejected at first by reason of the fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts yet this Infirmity of the Strength proceeds from an Oppression which requires Evacuation and therefore Bleeding ought not to be forbid Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoid Veins if the Sick has been accustomed to this Evacuation may conveniently cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach Cupping-glasses applied to the Back and Buttocks both dry and moist Frictions and Ligatures of the extream Parts and the heating those that are wont to be cold by applying hot Cloaths and by anointing them with Oyl of Orris Nard and with other hot things may be also conveniently used to draw the Blood from the Stomach But Purging is not allowed of because it disturbes the Humours and draws them to the Part affected Yet Avicen commends a Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Endive-water or in Whey and would have it given daily till the seventh Day yet it is better to abstain from all purging at the Beginning but the Seventh Day being over and some Signs of Concoction and Declination appearing Purging may be instituted with a dram of Rhubarb and a Scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage-water you must add one or two ounces of the Syrup of Roses that the Filth sticking to the Part may be evacuated In the mean while Lenient cooling and emollient Glisters must be daily injected Take of Chicken-broth or a Decoction of Mallows and Violets one Pint of Cassia fresh drawn one ounce of Oyl of Roses and Violets each two ounces of Sugar one ounce and an half Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The same altering and corroborating things may be taken inwardly which were proposed for a Cure of the Pain of the Stomach occasioned by a Cholerick Humour But Syrup of Water-lillies and of the Juice of Purslain are peculiarly proper especially at the beginning because they may serve instead of a repelling Medicine Emulsions also of the four cold Seeds and of the Seeds of white-Poppies are proper for they are lenitive and qualifie the Heat and so do also the following Juleps Take of the Waters of Roses three ounces of Plantane two ounces of the Juice of Sorrel one ounce and an half of Sugar of Roses one ounce boil them a little and strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice a Day If the Pain be very violent Syrup of Poppies may be taken Let him use for his Drink Barley-water sweetned with Syrup of Violets which he must drink cold In Progress of the Disease Medicines are to be mixed with the foregoing which may help the Resolution to which end the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Syrups of Water-lillies of Apples and of the Juice of Purslain each one ounce of the Syrup of Roman Wormwood half an ounce of the Waters of Sorrel Lettice and Fennel each three ounces of the Species Diamargarite
viz. The Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins whhich stops the Passage of the Chyle Aetius and Celsus and many of their followers do propose another Cause of the Lientery viz. A hard Cicatrix upon the Intestines produced by a Dysentery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the Variety of the Causes producing it And first that which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour may be Cured with the following Remedies but you must begin by Purging Medicines made of Aloes Rubarb and Mirobalans Take of old Conserve of Roses six ounces of the best Venice Treacle six drams Marmalad of Quinces a sufficient quantity mix them Let the Sick take half a dram in the Morning drinking nothing upon it Or Take of Japan Earth one dram and an half of red Coral and Crabs-eyes prepared each one dram of old Conserve of Roses one ounce and an half of Balsamick Syrup a sufficient quantity mix them make an Electuary The Quantity of a Nutmeg of it may be taken Morning and Evening Take of Gum-caranna of the Magisterial Stomach Plaister each a sufficient Quantity of the Chymical Oyl of Wormwood twelve drops mix them make a Plaister for the Region of the Stomach That which proceeds from a bilious Humour is to be cured with the following Remedies Take of the best Aloes washed in Rose-water three drams of Rubarb powdered and moistened with Borrage-water one dram of Mastich red Sanders red Coral prepared each one scruple of Syrup of Roses solutive a sufficient quantity make a Mass for Pills of which let the Sick take half a dram or one dram at a time Take of sealed Earth Bole-Armenick red Coral prepared Pearls prepared of the Seeds of Purslain and Sorrel each one dram of the Shavings of Hartshorn and of the Leaves of Mint dried each one scruple of red Roses half a Pugil make a Powder to be sprinkled upon Broth or to be taken in a Spoon with a little Water wherein Iron hath been quenched But if the Stools be pure Chyle this Distemper does not proceed from the Fault of the Stomach but from the Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is very frequent and is chiefly incident to Children therefore it is to be cured with Remedies that open Obstructions CHAP. LXXVI Of a Diarrhea A Diarrhea is that sort of a Loosness in which excrementitious Humours without Blood Chyle or Ulceration of the Intestines are voided by Stool There is another Species of a Diarrhea which is called colliquative arising from the Colliquation of the Substance of the Body If a Diarrhea be critical and is easily born and the Disease goes off by it or is greatly diminished the Sick is benefited by it But if a Diarrhea be Symptomatical it occasions a great deal of Pain to the Sick the Strength greatly decreases and the Disease upon which it comes is considerably augmented or at least does not decrease As to the Cure a Symptomatick Diarrhea rises for the most part from bad and corrupted Humours therefore the Cure of it is to be begun with the Evacuation of the Peccant Humour Take of the best Rhubarb six grains of the Seeds of Coriander bruised two scruples infuse and boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-water to three ounces of the strained Liquor add of Rubarb torrified one Scruple of the Syrup of Succory with Rubarb one ounce mix them make a Draught to be taken in the Morning A Vomit is also sometimes convenient because it makes a Revulsion and Evacuation of the Morbisick Matter If there be Signs of abundance of Blood and the Body being strong Bleeding is necessary in the beginning The Body being sufficiently evacuated both by purging Medicines and the Loosness it self astringent and strengthning Medicines are to be given as well by the Mouth as injected by Glisters and applied to the Belly Take of Diascordium grains twenty five of the compound Powder of Crabs-Claws grains seventeen of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them make a Bolus to be repeated upon Occasion Take of Epidemick-water half an ounce of Cinnamon-water hordeated three drams of black-cherry-water two ounces of Liquid Laudanum prepared with Juice of Quinces fifteen drops Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them let the Sick take this Mixture after the Bolus above prescribed and at Bed-time Take of Epidemick-water and of Cinnamon-water hordeated each three ounces of Mint-water one ounce of Black Cherry-water five ounces of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mingle them let him take six spoonfuls after the Bolusses Take of Hartshorn calcin'd two ounces of Nutmeg four Scruples of the Roots of Tormentil three drams boil them in Fountain-water to three Pints adding towards the end an ounce of White-bread add to the strained Liquor two ounces of Doctor Stephens's water and sweeten it with Syrup of Quinces let him take it for his ordinary Drink Or Take of Diascordim three drams of Cinnamon-water and simple Angelica-water each five ounces infuse them hot in a close Vessel to draw a Tincture strain it and add to it fifty drops of Laudanum Cydoniated and a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Mint mingle them let him take two Spoonfuls every Night at bed-time and in the Day a spoonful after every Stool Or Take of London Laudanum three grains of Doctor Stephens's water and of Cinnamon-water hordeated each one ounce of Syrup of Quinces one dram mingle them make a Draught let him take it at bed-time repeat it at three in the Morning and at eight in the Morning Take of the Leaves of Mint the tops of Wormwood each four handfuls of Zedoary Galingal Cyperus sweet smelling Flag Nutmeg sharp Cinnamon Mace each half an ounce of Cubebs Cloves each two drams make two Bags to be boiled in Clarret-wine and Smiths-water each a quart press them hot out of the Liquor and apply them by turns to the Region of the Stomach Take of Conserve of common Wormwood half an ounce of old Mithridate Six drams of Powder of Mastich a sufficient quantity make a Plaister to be spread on Leather and to be applied to the Region of the Stomach you must spread the Margin with Paracelsus's Plaister to make it stick Or Take of the Stomach-plaister three drams of Oyl of Mace by Expression two scruples of Chymical Oyl of Wormwood and of Chymical Oyl of Mace each two drops mingle them make a Plaister to be applied to the Stomach Take of Diascordium six drams of Venice Treacle two drams boil them in Cows Milk let eight ounces of the strained Liquor be injected for a Glister and let it be repeated thrice Or Take of the Roots of Tormentil three drams of Yellow Mirobalans two drams of Balaustins one dram and an half of the Flowers of red Roses half an handful of Rice bruised half an ounce of Coriander-seeds half an ounce boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-water to fourteen ounces strain it and make a Glister of half of it and give the other half four hours
must be us'd that thereby the Excrements bred in the Bowels and in the habit of the Body may be dissipated and also all that which is contain'd in the Womb the Skins being broken by the violence of the exercise And if the Woman vomit easily 't will be proper to vomit her twice a Week whereby not only the Humors flowing to the Womb may be recall'd and evacuated but also the Skins sticking to the Womb and sometimes containing a watry Humour may perchance be broken and so the ill Humors may flow out The following Bolus is very effectual to discuss the Humour contain'd in the Womb. Take of Mineral Borox half a drachm of Saffron half a scruple with the juice of Savin make a Bolus to be taken twice a week Sudorificks are also very proper in this Disease for by them the watry Humours contained in the Womb or the whole Body may be discuss'd and evacuated In the mean while the heat of the Stomach must be strengthened by things taken inwardly and outwardly apply'd And outwardly must be apply'd proper topical Remedies to strengthen the Womb and to discuss the Humors contain'd in it And first may be prepar'd Fomentations and Baths made of a decoction of the Roots of Briony and wild Cucumber of the Leaves of Dwarf-elder Mercury-elder wild Marjoram Calaminth Wormwood Rue Sage Marjoram Thyme Bays Penny-royal Mugwort of the Seeds of Broom Daucus Cummin Annise Fennel Laurel-borries and Juniper-berries the Flowers of Camomile Melilote and Rosemary of which may be made Bags to be boil'd in Wine or the foresaid things may be boil'd in a Lee made of the ashes of the Twigs of a Vine But that the foremention'd Fomentations may operate the better they must be applied before and behind and the Sick ought to sweat if she can in the Bed or in a Bath In a windy Dropsie dry Fomentations are more beneficial with Bags made of Gromwel Salt Cummin and Bran torrefied in a Frying-Pan and sprinkled with Wine After the Fomentation anoint the Belly with the Oils of Nard Dill Rue Wormwood and Southernwood which if they are drawn chymically will be much more effectual After you have anointed the Belly apply the Plaster of Laurel-berries or a Cataplasm of Cow-Dung Sheeps-Dung of the Seeds of Smallage Parsly Cummin and boiled Hony For the same use is commended the Skin of a Sheep newly kill'd and sprinkled with hot Wine Glisters must be also frequently injected made of a Decoction of Wormwood wild Marjoram Pennyroyal Rue Centory and the like or with Oils of Rue Nuts Dill and White-wine or Mallago-Sack wherein must be dissolv'd Benedictum Laxativum Turpentine Rosemary Hony and the like Injections for the Womb may be prepar'd in the following manner to evacuate the Humours contain'd in it Take of the Roots of Asarabacca three drachms of the Leaves of Pennyroyal and Calaminth each one handful of the Seeds of Savine one pugil of Mechoacan one drachm of the seeds of Annise and Cummin each half a drachm boil them and in the strain'd Liquor dissolve of Oil of Orrice and of Elder each one ounce in six ounces of the Liquor and make an Injection For the same Use Pessaries may be made in the following manner Take of Coloquintida and Mechoacan each one dracm of Salt of Niter half a scruple with a sufficient quantity of boil'd Hony make a Pessary Or Take of Elaterium half a drachm of Figs bruis'd a sufficient quantity make a Pessary When the Inflation is occasion'd by Wine a Fume made of Nutmegs and conveyed through a Tunnel has done much good And in the same case a Cupping-Glass applied to the Navel with much Flame discusses Wind powerfully But when the Disease is humoral Issues in the Legs discharge the Filth of the Womb by degrees The Bath-waters used inwardly and outwardly are also very good if the Body be not very hot For the Pain of the Womb which often afflicts the Sick in this Disease Amatus Lucitanus commends the Water or Decoction of Camomel four or five Ounces of it being taken at a time And lastly if an Inflation happen after Delivery there is no need of any other Cleansing than that of the Womb but if it does not proceed well it must be helpt by drawing Pessaries and by Cupping-Glasses applied to the Thighs and by other Remedies prescrib'd for the Stoppage of the Courses and if Wind be the cause the Fume of Nutmegs above-proposed is very proper CHAP. CIV Of a Falling of the Womb. FOR the Cure of this Distemper regard must be had to two things the first is to reduce the Womb into its natural Place and the second is to strengthen it and keep it there For the Execution of the first which is to reduce it if the Womb be quite out or turned the Woman must first of all render her Urine and a Glister must be given if it be necessary to empty the gross Excrements that are in the right-Gut that so the Reduction may be the easier perform'd then place her on her Back with her Hips rais'd a little higher than her Head and then foment all that is fallen out with a little Wine and Water luke-warm and with a soft Rag put it up into its proper Place thrusting back not all at once but waging it by little and little from side to side in case this be too painful because 't is already too big and swell'd anoint it with Oil of Almonds for the more easie reduction of it being careful as soon as 't is reduc'd to wipe off the Oil as much as may be to avoid a Relapse But if notwithstanding all this the Womb cannot be put up because 't is very much inflamed and tumified which happens when it has been a long time so without the use of necessary means during which time it is continually moistned with Urine and other Excrements which contribute very much to its Corruption in this case there is great danger that 't will gangrene Also the second part of this Cure which consists in the retention of the Womb in its place and the strengthning of it It will be done by a convenient situation Let the Woman for this purpose keep her self in Bed on her Back having her Hips a little raised her Legs something crossed and her Thighs join'd together to prevent the falling of it out again but the best way is to put up a Pessary into the Neck of the Womb to keep it firm There are two or three sorts of them made for this purpose the Figures of them may be seen in Moriceau's Midwifery see Page 311. Take of Oak-Bark two ounces boil it in two quarts of Fountain-Water add at the latter end one ounce of Pomegranate-Peel bruis'd red Roses Pomegranate-Flowers each two handfuls and then add half a pint of red Wine strain it and bath the part affected with Flannels dipt in it in the Morning two hours before the Woman rises and at Night when she is in Bed continue
so much danger when they Flux the Physician should endeavour all he can to hinder their Fluxing by bleeding presently in the Arm if there be the least suspicion of the Flux-pox and by giving a Vomit afterwards and by keeping the sick up till the 6th Day from the first sickness Afterwards he must be put to Bed and keep there to the end of the disease but he must have no more Cloaths on nor a greater fire in his Chamber than he used to have when he was well and he must drink freely of small Beer or other cooling Liquors But because notwithstanding the sick frequently grows hot lightheaded and restless I give an Anodyne every Night but a little earlier than is usual because in this Disease a fit of heat and restlessness comes almost every day towards the evening But which is to be lamented notwithstanding these things and all other Physical Helps the sick is very often seized on the 11th Day or on some other of those Days which we said were most fatal in the various kinds of Flux-pox with a violent Fever difficulty of breathing and restlessness and dies suddenly In this case nothing is more effectual than the taking away of ten or twelve ounces of Blood and in the evening a large Anodine must be given as before and so afterwards morning and evening and sometimes oftener for it is diligently to be noted that in some the fury of the Disease is so high that a very large dosed Anodyne cannot stop its force in 12 hours in which case it is necessary to repeat the Anodyne every 6th or every 8th hour But because it happens often at the latter end of the Disease that the Body is bound up so much that the sick is like to be suffocated and consequenrly is in great danger in this I have given successfully an ounce and an half of Lenitive Electuary dissolved in four ounces of Succory-water or the like which Draught gives some stools before night but if it does not an Anodyne must be given in the evening and sooner notwithstanding the Purge if great Restlessness or some considerable sickness threaten danger If therefore the Purge does not answer the first day it must be repeated the next and then it seldom fails and in this manner Bleeding and Purging may be repeated by Intervals as occasion requires But it is to be noted that the sick must not be purged till the 13th day or after nor then unless Bleeding has gone before For spitting of Blood and a bloody Urine coming upon the small Pox for both these Hemorraghes come sometimes at the beginning of the Disease After bleeding largely once give an Anodyne Take of red Poppy water two ounces of liquid Laudanum 14 drops of distill'd Vinegar three drachms of Diacodium half an ounce make a Draught to be repeated every night at bed time Take of Troches of Lemnian Earth and of Bole-armenick each one drachm of sealed Earth Bloodstone Dragon's-blood and red Coral prepared each half a drachm of Mastich and Gum-arabick each one scruple mingle them make a fine Powder whereof let him take half a drachm every third hour in a spoonful of syrup of Comfry drinking upon it four or five spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Plantain and Oak-buds each three ounces of Cinnamon-water Hordeate two ounces of syrup of dried Roses one ounce make it a little acid with spirit of Vitriol Emulsions also of the four greater cold Seeds with white Popies do a great deal of good But after the Hemorrhage is stopt you must proceed according to the method described in the small Pox. Great care must be taken that the Salivation continue according to the manner of it from the beginning to the 12th or 13th day for if it quite stop before the 11th day the Sick is in great danger It may be much promoted by ordering the Sick to drink freely small Beer or any other Liquor which is neither heating nor provokes sweat In the next place the Loosness in Children must be permitted because it evacuates the morbifick matter At last when the Pustles are crusty and hard I use to anoint the Face often with Oyl of sweet Almonds If in the distinct small Pox the Face does not swell I give an Anodyne presently but if the Patient be light-headed and very sick and makes Water often but little at a time he can be relieved no other way Death being near at hand than by giving Narcoticks freely or by taking away a large quantity of Blood and by exposing the Body to the Air but I would not be so understood here as if in every Phrensy coming upon the small Pox there being no Symptom more frequent that I should advise Bleeding presently but only in that which therefore happens because the Face does not swell in the distinct kind tho' there be a great number of Pustles If in the Flux-Pox the Spitle be so thick and clammy that the Sick is in danger of being suffocated which happens often on the 11th day a Gargarism must necessarly be prescibed and must be ordered to be used often Day and Night It may be made of small Beer or Barly-water with Hony of Roses Or the following may be used Take of the bark of Elm six drachms of Liquorice half a drachm of Raisins of the Sun ston'd number twenty of red Roses two pugils boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve of simple Oxymel and of Hony of Roses each two ounces mingle them make a Gargarism But when the sick is in danger to be suffocated every moment and is stupid an ounce and an half of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum must be given for a less Dose will not work by reason of the stupidity of the sick But this Remedy does not always do the business The Coma may be easily relieved by the help of a moderate Regimen For a Suppression of Urine which sometimes afflicts young and brisk People nothing does so well as taking the Sick out of Bed and after he has walked twice or thrice cross the Room by the assistance of the By-standers he will presently make Water freely and be much relieved thereby But the Symptoms arising from catching cold or by Evacuations unduly used whereby the small Pox are struck in must be removed by Cordials and an agreeable Regimen but they must not be continued after the Symptoms are gone off The chief of these are a flatting of the Pustles and a Loosness in the distinct small Pox for in the Flux a depression of the Pustles is natural nor is a Loosness dangerous in Children In both these cases a Cordial-potion made of distilled Waters Diascordium liquid Laudanum and the like is proper not only to remove these Symptoms but also at any time of the Disease if the Sick complain of a pain at the Heart or of sickness But to speak the truth Symptoms of this kind are
Eyes for those that have such Eyes are subject to Suffusions for prominent Eyes are wont to be large and so fitter to receive Humours and Vapours Some external Causes also occasion weakness as a Blow Contusion Bathing a Southerly and Rainy Season long continuing in the Sun Smoak hard Reading especially by a Candle which occasions a Fluxion of Humours upon the Eyes The differences of Suffusions arise from the thickness quantity or place where the Humour resides that occasions them By reason of the greater or lesser thickness the Obstruction of the Sight is more or less for if the Humour be thin and serous the Sight is but little obstructed if very thick blindness is occasion'd By reason of the quantity and place the Humour possesses either all the Pupil and then the Sight is equally obstructed which way soever it is directed to the Objects or it covers one part of the Pupil more than another and the Objects are not seen whole by looking directly nor many at one time But if the Humour be very small and is seated in the middle of the Pupil the Objects appear as if there were holes in them But if the Matter be torn into various Corpuscles seated in various Parts of the Pupil the appearance of Gnats is always before the Eyes Also Hair Cobwebs Circles about a Candle and many other things The Diagnostick of this Disease is first to be directed to a legitimate Suffusion to distinguish it from a spurious afterwards the various Sorts of a legitimate Suffusion are to be enquired into A true Suffusion seizes only one of the Eyes most commonly or if both not at the same time nor alike which happens in a Bastard Suffusion Secondly in a legitimate Suffusion something dark appears in the Pupil which is not in a Spurious but this Sign is not constant for if the Suffusion be generated from a thin and serous Humour there is no change in the Eye that Humour being scarce thicker than the watery Humour upon which account Physicians mistake it for a Gutta Serena But this Suffusion is easily distinguished from a Gutta Serena for in a Gutta Serena the Sight is wholly taken away or much diminished no fault appearing in the Eye But in a Suffusion which does not appear to the Sight the Sick can see tolerably well because the serous Humour from whence it is produced is thin and clear so that the species of the Objects can pass through it like Glass and then in a Suffulsion the Sight is not for the most part obstructed in althe Parts of the Pupil but the Objects are sometimes seen best when they are placed directly opposite to the Eye and sometimes when they are placed towards the Corner because most commonly there is a greater thickness or thinness in one part of the Pupil than in another Thirdly In a true Suffusion the Symptoms are continual but in a Bastard Suffusion they are encreased or lessened by intervals as the Vapours rise more or less to the Head and so when the Stomach is empty they are much less than when it is full for then a greater quantity of Vapours arise from the Head and then the Gnats Cobwebs and the like appear only by intervals Besides in a true Suffusion the Sight seems to pass always through a Cloud or thick Glass which is the proper and Pathognomonick Symptom of it But in a Bastard Suffusion the Sight is sometimes very good CVRE The Cure is easier performed in Summer than in Winter If a Suffusion come upon an acute Fever after a Peripneumonia Frensie or violent Pains of the Head it is very hard to cure A confirm'd Suffusion can be cured only by Couching In a confirm'd Suffusion if having shut the other Eye the Pupil is dilated there is hope of a Cure by Couching otherwise there is none for then the Optick Nerve is obstructed and so the Spirits cannot come to the Pupil A black Suffusion can never be cured and but very rarely a green or yellow A Suffusion which represents the Objects by holes is not to be Couched Couching succeeds best when the Eye is full and at its natural bigness for if it be withered and small it will not succeed This Operation must not be attempted in old Age or in Child-hood nor when the Eye being pressed with the Finger the Suffusion appears broader and then returns to its wonted bigness and shape for then it is not ripe But if being pressed with the Finger it does not alter its shape it may be Couched When it is ripe it is like a thin Skin and may be wrapped round the Needle and thrust to the lower Part of the Eye The Cure of a Suffusion is not to be directed only to the conjunct Cause but also to the antecedent and therefore the whole Body especially the Brain must be first well Purged afterwards the Humour obstructing the Pupil must be difcussed or removed some other way Which Indications being the same in a manner as were proposed for the Cure of a Gutta Serena may be sought for there Therefore all that Cure being premised which was instituted for a Gutta Serena we must proceed to those Remedies which respect peculiarly the taking off the Matter that is seated near the Pupil and though Topical Remedies may seem not to do much good yet a due use of them is not to be rejected for experience teaches that incipient Suffusions have been cured by Topical Remedies when they have been used after general Evacuations First therefore you must begin with gentle Resolvents which must not dry too much lest the Matter of the Suffusions should be hardned and so rendred unfit for Resolution and Emollients are therefore to be mixed with the Resolvents to prevent the hardening of the Matter and to render the resolving of it more easie to which end the following Fomentation may be used at the beginning Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright and the greater Celandine each one handful of the Seeds of Foenugreek one ounce of the Flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one pugil boil them in three parts of Fountain Water and one of Wine added at the end Strain it and foment the Eyes with it with a soft Spunge Morning and Evening and the Head being covered the Steam of the Decoction may be received into the Eyes At the very beginning of the Disease when the Fluxion is beginning and when Medicines are used for Revulsion it will be proper to foment the Eyes with Red Wine to hinder the Fluxion In the Progress of the Disease a Fomentation of White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused is very beneficial and the Breath of a Child having first chewed Fennel-seeds received into the Eyes and a Child or a Whelp licking the Eyes in the Morning is also good and Bread hot out of the Oven mixed with Fennel-seeds held to the Eyes till they are moist with the Vapour of it The foresaid Remedies must be used in the
Morning chiefly At Night apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Flower of Foenugreek-seed one ounce of Aloes half an ounce of Saffron one dram make a fine Powder mix it with White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused make a Cataplasm to be applied hot at Bed time Many commend Pidgeons Blood dropped hot into the Eye but because the heat of it soon goes off it were better to apply a young Pidgeon before it has Feathers cut in the middle to the Eye The Suffusion being cured either by Resolving Medicines or by Chirurgical Operation care must be taken to preserve the Eyes for the Eyes being much weakned by the Disease are ready to receive Fluxions therefore Purging is to be used frequently and Issues are to be made to turn the Humours and such strengthening things are to be used as were proposed in a Gutta Serena and the Eyes must be washed in the Morning with Wine held in the Mouth till it is warm and mixed with Sage chewed in the Mouth Moreover Spectacles that represent the Objects neither greater nor lesser than they are preserve the Sight much Lastly all those things are to be avoided which injure the Sight and such as help it are to be used CHAP. XVIII Of the Dilatation of the Pupil THE Vvea Tunica is subject to many Diseases especially Rupture Distortion Dilatation and Constriction A Rupture may be occasioned by an external Cause as by a Bruise or the like or by an internal namely by a great quantity of Humours extending or breaking it But this can never be cured by Art the distorting of it happens from the first Conformation when it sticks on every side to the horny Tunick and this also can never be cured The Dilatation of the Pupil which is the hole of the Vvea Tunica through which the Species of the Objects enter the Eye injures the Sight for that the Light enters in too great quantity upon which account such as are troubled with a Dilatation of the Pupil see better where there is a little Light than where there is a great deal and this shews the natural and the ordinary changes of the Pupil which happen according to the more or less Light of the place we are in for in a very light place the Pupil is contracted and this is the Reason that when we come out of a very light Place into another that is more obscure we can at first scarce see any thing till the Pupil is gradually dilated to receive more light and then things that could not be seen at first plainly appear and on the contrary they that come put of a dark place into a very light place can scarce bear the Light The preternatural Dilatation of the Pupil is either from the Birth or arises from preternatural adventitious Causes which are either internal or external The next and immediate of the Internals is Extension of the Tunica Vvea which is either from driness or repletion driness stretches the Vvea and renders the hole of the Pupil larger as holes in Leather are larger when they are dry This dry Intemperies is occasioned by long Watchings by Fevers and other drying Causes The Repletion of the Tunica Vvea it being extended on every side renders the Pupil larger and this is produced either by Wind or Vapours or by Humours flowing upon the Eye or by the watery Humour encreased above measure and lastly from a Swelling of the Tunica Vva To these Causes may be added a Convulsion of the Tunick which chiefly appears in Fits of the Falling Sickness and in Chldrens Convulsions The external Causes are a Fall a violent Shaking holding of the breath in Women in Travail and in Trumpeters The Diagnostick of this Disease is not difficult for the Dilatation of the Pupil may be perceived by the Eyes especially if before the Disease the Physician know the natural largeness of it and also if with the largeness of the Pupil the Sight is obstructed besides the natural largeness of the Pupil is known by shutting one Eye for then the Pupil of the other is more dilated which does not happen in a Dilatation that is a Disease because the Tunica Vvea is so much distended by the preternatural Cause that it can be distended no further As to the Prognostick A Dilatation of the Pupil from the Birth is incurable and that which arises after is difficult to Cure especially if Driness be the Cause CVRE The Cure is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes and if it come from Driness the whole Body must be refreshed with moistning Medicines and Nourishment such as is used in Hectick Fevers the Body is also to be moistned with a Bath of hot Water and new Milk if it be also frequently drop'd into the Eyes especially Womens Milk If it proceed from an Humour that fills the Eye the-whole Body is to be Evacuated and presently the Hu +mour wherewith the Eye is stopped must be discussed which may be sufficiently performed by the Remedies prescribed in the Cure of a Suffusion But after them Astringents may be used to contract the Pupil of the Eye to which end the following Collyrium may be used Take of Red Roses dried two scruples of Saffron Spikenard and the Bark of Frankinâ—ense each half a scruple of Tutty prepared Spodium Acacia each one scruple reduce them to a Powder and tie it up in a fine Rag and infuse it in three ounces of Rose-water Drop the Water in the Eyes often and press the Rag every time you use the Water If it proceed from Wind after general Evacuations those Medicines are to be used which expel Wind and the Eyes may be fomented with a Decoction of Fennel Rue Dill Red Roses and Myrtles made in Rose-water and a fourth part of White Wine Lastly if it be occasioned by a Bruise it must be cured like an Ophthalma if there be an Inflammation but if there be no Inflammation apply at the beginning a Cataplasm made of Bean Flower the Leaves of Plantane Red Roses and Rose-water But afterwards Pidgeons Blood must be often drop'd into the Eye which is an excellent Remedy for all Wounds and Bruises of the Eyes CHAP. XIX Of the Narrowness of the Pupil THE Narrowness of the Pupil is also injurious to the Sight It is either narrow from the Birth and then it is no great Injury for though they cannot see so well as others in a Place where there is not much light yet they see better in a very light Place or the Narrowness of the Pupil is occasioned by preternatural Causes as from too great moisture or driness from a Defect in the Watery Humour or for want of Spirits The Cure of this Disease is the same with the former though they produce different Effects CHAP. XX. Of an Albugo Spot and other Colours of the Cornea changed THE natural Constitution of the Cornea is altered when it loses its Perspicuity or changed into another Colour It loses its
it self it is called Oegylops and Anchylops Anchylops before it is broken But Oegylops after it is broken This Tumor or rather Tubercle is sometimes with an Inflammation and sometimes without when it is accompanied with an Inflammation it is red about and painful and is occasioned by thin and cholerick Blood brought by the Veins of the Temples Forehead and Face to the Part and for the most part degenerates into a sinuous Ulcer and then it is called Fistula Lachrimalis which if it continues a Year occasions a Caries of the Bone which may be known by the Cavity it makes by the stinking Matter and the roughness that is perceived by the Probe This Tubercle also comes without an Inflammation and then it is generated by a gross and viscid Humour that resembles Honey then it is to be reckoned with those Tumors which are called Atheroma Steatoma and Meliceris which are wont to be without Pain The Cure of an Oegylops is very difficult because Medicines can be hardly applied by reason of the nearness of the Eye and because by reason of the softness of the Parts it easily degenerates into a Sinous Ulcer But is yet more difficult to Cure if the Abscess pass through the Nostrils and Matter flow through them because the Bones that are under are most commonly fouled thereby But sometimes an Oegylops is of the Nature of a Cancer which may be known by the pricking pain the swelling of the Veins and the hardness and livid Colour of the Skin and then it is better not to meddle with it for Medicines make it worse and increase the Pain A new Fistula Lachrimalis which hath an outward and plain Orifice is cured by Medicines but that which is deep and inveterate and joined with a Caries of the Bone can scarce be cured without a Cautery The various Seasons of this Disease require different Applications and Remedies and first at the beginning of an Oegylops Revulsion of the Fluxion to the Part must be made by Bleeding and Purging and at the same time repelling Medicines must be applied to the Forehead whereby sometimes the Progress of the Disease is stopp'd and the suppuration hindred To which end the following Cerate may be applied Take of Pomgranate Peel of Acacia Balaustins Cyperus Nuts Roch Allum and Bole Armoniack each one Dram of white Wax four ounces of Turpentine three drams make a Cerate Having used this or the like resolving Medicines are to be applied to the Part for some time as is the following Decoction Take of pure Honey and of Aloes each two ounces of Myrrh one ounce of Saffron one dram and an half of Water a quart boil them with a gentle Fire to the Consumption of half dip a piece of soft Spunge press it a little and apply it hot afterwards bind it on and change it often If the Tumor cannot be dissolved by the foresaid Remedies but tends to Suppuration it must be helped by a Plaister of simple Diachylon or if the Pain and Inflammation be violent a Cataplasm of Crums of Bread may be conveniently applied If the Abscess does not break of its own accord it must be presently opened for otherwise the Matter will corrode the neighbouring Parts and occasion an incurable Fistula The Abscess being opened the Ulcer must be cleansed and cured after the manner of other Ulcers But if it prove obstinate and turn to a Fistula the following Method of Cure must be used And first universal Evacuations as Bleeding and Purging are to be repeated The Fluxion from the Head is to be averted by Cupping-glasses Blisters and Causticks applied to proper Places after which a Decoction of China or Sarsa may be used for a considerable time In the mean time the Brain is to be dried by Suffumigations Cephalick Powders and other Medicines proposed in the Chapter of a Catarrh In place of an Issue a Seton may be put in the Neck by which alone a Fistula Lachrimalis was cured according to the Relation of Fabritius Hildanus In using of Topicks the Orifice of the Ulcer is to be opened and dilated slowly and by degrees by a Tent made of the Pith of Elder prepared Spunge or the Root of Gentian The Ulcer being sufficiently opened the following Medicines may be used Take of common Hony two ounces Verdigrease one dram Water of Rue four ounces the Verdigrease being powdered boil them altogether to the Consumption of the third part The strained Liquor warm may be put into the Eye by a Syringe solftly This Remedy is to be continued for three Weeks putting upon the Ulcer a convenient Plaister and defending the Eye by washing it with Rose-water The Ulcer being sufficiently cleansed the following Collyrium may be used to Incarnate and Cicatrize Take of Frankincense Sarcocol Aloes Dragons Blood Balaustins Allum Antimony each one dram Verdigrease five grains powder them all finely and with a sufficient quantity of Rue-water make a liquid Collyrium to be drop'd into the Eye thrice a day and also the Tent may be dipp'd in it and after it is put in the Ulcer a Plaister of Diapalma may be put over it If there be a Caries in the Bone it can only be cured by an actual Cautery the manner of applying it is exactly described by Paraeus Fallopius and Aquapendens CHAP. XXIX Of Rhyas and Encanthis TO a Fistula Lachrimalis ordinarily succeeds another Distemper which is called Rhyas which is the Consumption of the Caruncle of the greater Angle of the Eye whereby it becomes larger It is also produced by other Causes as by sharp Humours falling upon and corroding the Part or by cleansing Medicines which are used to Cure the Fistula Lachrimalis To a Rhyas is opposed an Encanthis which is the immoderate growing and standing out of the above-named Caruncle which is occasion'd by the too great abundance of Blood falling upon the Part or from an Ulcer of that Part not timely dried up A Rhyas is cured by Consolidating and Sarcotick Medicines such are the following Take of Red Roses one pugil Cyperus Nuts Myrtles each two drams Aloes a dram and an half rough Wine one pint boil them to the Consumption of the fourth part Wash the affected Part with this Wine often Or Take of Aloes Frankincense each one dram Dragons Blood half a dram of Red Roses and berries of Sumach each one scruple Rosewater a pound boil them to the Consumption of a fourth part make it in the form of a Collyrium An Encanthis is cured by taking away the superfluous Flesh that grows in the Corner of the Eye which is performed by Medicines which eat away proud Flesh beginning with the more moderate and proceeding to those that are more powerful Therefore burnt Allum is to be first applied and if that be not effectual Vnguentum Apostolorum Aegyptiacum or Vitriol burnt is to be used But if these be not sufficient the Caruncle is to be cut off or consumed with an actual Cautery In taking off the Canruncle care must be taken
is very hardly cured and there is Danger least it should turn to a Cancer That which is seated below or in the Middle of the Nostrils is easier cured than that which grows at the Root of the Nose because Medicines can scarce reach thither Both of them are to be cured the same Way viz. The superfluous Flesh must be taken off But first the antecedent Cause must be removed which is a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Head To this End an attenuating Course of Diet must be ordered and universal Evacuations Revulsion and Derivation Afterwards the superfluous Flesh must be taken off either by a caustick or by an Instrument and the Ulcer remaining must be cicatrized But at the Beginning when the Disease is fresh it is sometimes cured by astringent and very drying Medicines and such gentle Means are always to be used before you proceed to greater Take of unripe Grapes three Pounds of the Bark of Pomegranate of Balaustins and Sumach each two Pounds infuse them in Vinegar and distil them then add of Allum a Pound of Vitriol three Ounces distil them all again and touch the inward parts of the Nostrils frequently with the Water If this is not sufficient more powerful things must be used and you must add Sandarach and Orpiment to the foregoing Water or the Polypus must be frequently touched with Spirit of Vitriol tempered with Plantane Water But red Precipitat often washed is reckoned the best Medicine It may be mixt with Honey of Roses and applyed with a Tent dipt in it Plaisters are also used in this Case Take of Verdigrease Orpiment Vitriol Crude-alum each one Ounce and an half of Antimony six Drams infuse them in Vinegar and then powder them very fine when they are dry infuse them and powder them eight Times more then lastly infuse them in Plantane Water and dry them afterwards take of Oyl of Roses four Ounces of Thithargo two ounces mix them and boyl them and towards the End two Ounces of the foresaid Powder boyl it to a sticking Plaister and make Tents of it to be put up the Nostrils Note That before the Use of Causticks the Nostrils must be defended by Galen's cooling Oyntment or with Populeum or with the White of an Egg mixt with the Oyl of Roses or the like Secondly you must take Notice that caustick Medicines must be conveyed through a Silver Pipe which must incompass the Polypus so that the Medicine may work and not touch the Nostrils Thirdly you must take Notice that such Medicines must be used when the Moon is waneing for then the Tumour is much diminished and so the Medicine may the easier reach the Root of it Lastly if it cannot be cured by Medicines you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation which is described by Cornelius Celsus and by late Authors CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Loss of Smelling and other Faults of it SMelling as all the other Actions of the Body is hurt three Ways it is either diminished abolished or depraved The Cause of Smelling diminished and abolished are the same they only differ in Degree they are Intemperies Obstruction and Compression A cold and moist intemperies joyned with Flegmatick Matter lessens Smelling or quite abolishes it upon which Account in a Catarrh and Coryza the Sense of Smelling is frequently lessened or wholly destroyed Obstruction is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour which stops the Passages of the Nostrils and the Pores of the Mamillary Processes so that Smells cannot come to them it may also be occasioned by a Sarcoma Polypus or any thing else that stops the Passages of the Nostrils A Compression also sometimes may happen from a Flegmatick Humour collected in the fore part of the Brain compressing the Mamillary Processes as happens in Diminution of the Sight by compressing of the Optick Nerves It also may happen from a natural Defect in the Confirmation of the Nostrils as when the Nostrils are so narrow and low that there is not a free Passage The Cause of depraved smelling is a bad Savour continually striking upon the Nostrils which either proceeds from an Ulcer of the Nostrils or from putrid Flegm gathered together about the Nostrils or the Os Ethmoides For that Flegm that putrifies in the Sense of Smelling or near it betwixt the Coats of the Brain does not affect the Sense it self nor those that labour under it but any one that sits near them will easily find it out for nothing can be smelt but what is carried to the Sense from some other Place A nasty and stinking Vapour may be carried to the Processus Mamillares from other Parts as from the Stomach Gums and the Brain it self that spoil the Sense of Smelling so that all Savours are thought to be such even as the Tongue being disordered by bitter Choler tasts all things bitter Any of these Causes are easily known a cold Intemperies and Abundance of Flegm are known by a cold and moist Intemperies of the Brain and a slimy Flegm dropping from the Head An Obstruction if it be occasioned by Flegm is known by the same Signs If it proceeds from a Sarcoma or a Polypus the Diagnostick is to be taken from their proper Chapters The Place wherein the Matter causing the Obstruction resides is known from this If it sticks in the Passages of the Nostrils there is a Defect of the Speech because the Nostrils do greatly contribute to the forming of Words But if the Matter stick in the fore part of the Brain or the Mamillary Passages the Speech will be perfect You may know by the peculiar Diseases of each Part from whence the ill Scent arises that offends the Organ of Smelling As to the Prognostick Smelling if it be lately lost or if it arises from a simple Coriza may be easily cured The cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes if it arise from a cold Intemperies those things are proper which are used for a cold Catarrh But to open an Obstruction occasioned by Flegm thrust into the Passages of the Nostrils or into the Mamillary Processes such Remedies are to be used as purge those Parts viz. Errhins Sneazing-Powders and Apoplegmatisms Lastly If the Nostrils are obstructed by a Sarcoma or Polypus it must be cured by the removing of them CHAP. XXXIX Of an ill Scent in the Nostrils AN ill Scent in the Nostrils and a stinking Breath are very different for that comes wholly from the Nostrils but this from various Parts viz. From the Stomach Lungs Gums or from Ulcers in the Jaws which are either apparent to Sense or may be known by their proper Signs But an ill Scent in the Nose is occasioned by putrid Vapours arising either from the Nostrils as in an Ozena a Sarcoma or Polypus or from Air transmitted to the Nostrils from putrid Humours contained in the Brain and in rhe fore Part of it or about the Mamillary Processes or Os Cribrasum But Flegmatick Humours putrifie in the said Parts when they are retained in
frigid one dram make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice a day To these may be added restorative Opiats Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied according to the Judgment and Discretion of the Physician Turpentine washed in Wormwood-water taken twice or thrice resolves and ripens Imposthumes of the Stomach The following Fomentation may be applyed outwardly in the beginning Take of the Roots of Sorrel two ounces of the Leaves of Endive Succory and Mallows each one handful of the Seeds of Lettice and of white Poppies each three drams of white and red Sanders each half a dram of the Flowers of Violets and of Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction add to it a little Rose-vinegar foment the Region of the Stomach with it warm After the Fomentation anoint the part with Oyl of Roses and Oyl of Violets mixed Cataplasms are not convenient in the beginning because they oppress the part by their Weight and by retaining the Heat increase the Inflammation If the Disease come to a Declination and if the Tumour should be resolved which is most to be wished for a resolving Fomentation may be applied made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris two ounces of the Leaves of Mint Marjoram Penny-royal and of Roman Wormwood each one Handful of the Seeds of Fâ—enugreek and of Annise each two drams of the grains of Kermes one dram of the Flowers of Staechas Rosemary and Camomil each one Pugil adding towards the the end a little White-wine make a Decoction wherewith foment the Region of the Stomach After the Fomentation anoint the Part with Oyl of Nutmeg Wormwood Nard and the like to which Wax and the Powder of Florentine-orris and of Cinnamon being added an Oyntment may be made but Plaisters and Cataplasms are not convenient because they oppress the Part. But if the Tumour seem to tend to Suppuration foment the part with a Decoction of the Flowers of Camomil and red Roses and afterwards apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows two ounces of the Leaves of Bears-breech and of Roses each one handful boil them well and then add of the Flower of Barley and of Linseeds and Faenugreek-seeds and of the Powder of Camomil each half an ounce of white and red Sanders each two drams with Oyl of Roses and of Camomil and with a little Hens-grease make a Cataplasm to be renewed often The Abscess being broken cleanse the Ulcer by drinking Hydromel to which must be added sometimes according to Galen's order Manna of Frankincense or Barly-water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in a hot Constitution When the Ulcer grows old from what cause soever it prooceeds Broths are proper altered with cooling and moderately astringent Herbs Barly-broths sweetned with Sugar of Roses new Milk sweetned with Sugar and a little Honey Steel-waters for the ordinary drink or Water wherein some Bole-armonick or sealed Earth has been infused to which may be added a little red rough Wine if there be but little Heat in the Part afterward the following Apozem may be used Take of whole Barley one Pugil of the Leaves of Scabious Agrimony Burnet and of Maiden-hair each half an handful of the seeds of Melons two drams of red Roses dried one Pugil make a Decoction to one Pint wherein dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses make an Apozem for four doses to be frequently repeated For internal Ulcers a Decoction of China is also very good when there is no Feaver for being taken for twenty Days or more it gently provokes Sweat and dries the Ulcer by degrees But if there be danger of a Consumption the foresaid Root must be boiled in Chicken-broth with the foresaid Herbs and with cleansed Barley When the Ulcer has continued long Chalybeat or Purging Waters drank for a Month do good and gentle Catharticks as Rubarb and Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses are to be used once a Week Lastly The following things are to be used Take of Bole-armenick sealed Earth red Coral Blood-stone well washed in Rose-water each one dram of Dragons-blood Gum-arabick and Tragacanth each half a dram of the Seeds of white Poppies gently bruised and roasted of Hypocistis Sarcoco and Frankincense each one Scruple of Sugar of Roses one ounce make a Powder whereof let him take a dram in Plantane-water or with Conserve of Roses daily Or of the same Powder may be made an Opiat with Conserve of Comfry and Roses and with Syrup of Quinces or of Myrtles or Troches may be made of it with the Mucilages of the Seeds of Psyllium or of Tragacanth of all which the Sick may take by turns least his Stomach turn by taking of one Medicine a long while And outwardly to heal the Ulcer may be applied to the Region of the Stomach a Fomentation made of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate-peel Galls Balaustins Myrtles Frankincense Mastich and the like And afterwards the part must be anointed with some Astringent Oyntment and an Astringent Plaister must be applied over CHAP. LXX Of the Chollick IT takes its name from the Gut Colon which is the part affected which is long and winding and designed by Nature to receive the Excrements of almost all the Body and when those Excrements are retained too long they are wont to occasion Pains of this kind Therefore the Causes of the Chollick is all Excrementitious Matter that occasions a Solution of the Continuum either by distending pricking or corroding and is either Wind or Humours Wlnd generated by Crudities or from a cold Intemperies of the Stomach or Bowels if it cannot be seasonably excluded by reason the Feces are very hard or by reason the Intestines are obstructed it is heap'd up in a great quantity in the great Guts especially in the Colon and occasions violent Pain Thick Cold and Flegmatick Humours stufft into the Tunicks of the Guts may occasion such Pains by corroding them if they are indued with Acrimony or by chilling them which consequently occasions Costiveness and Convulsions as Galen says of himself that he having a violent Chollick evacuated glassy Flegm which was actually cold Wind which is easily elevated by a weak and gentle Heat from gross and clammy Humours may also occasion this Pain Cholerick and Acrid Humours and also Melancholly and Acid may occasion these Pains by vellicating and pricking the Intestines But in the Action of these Causes it may be asked how the Chollick Pain should have Exacerbations and Remissions the same Matter remaining in the Bowels which as long as it is there should always bite and distend them To which I answer that that Matter does sometimes remain quiet and then it occasions little or no Pain but sometimes is moved and excited by various Fermentations that happen to the Humours as is wont to happen to the Falling-sickness Hysterick Fits and in Fits of Feavers But we must take notice that the Wind or Humours do not only reside in the Cavity of the Intestines for then