receiver_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o air_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o viol_n be_v so_o far_o expanded_a that_o though_o the_o viol_n be_v able_a to_o contain_v above_o five_o drachm_n of_o water_n if_o fill_v and_o distend_v the_o empty_a bladder_n which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o hold_v five_o ounce_n and_o half_a a_o drachm_n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o expanded_a air_n possess_v nine_o time_n as_o much_o space_n as_o it_o do_v before_o expansion_n but_o to_o measure_v the_o air_n be_v expansion_n more_o nice_o we_o fix_v a_o glass_n bubble_n to_o one_o end_n of_o a_o cylindrical_a pipe_n hermetical_o seal_v the_o diameter_n of_o who_o boar_n be_v about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n and_o have_v past_v a_o piece_n of_o parchment_n upon_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o tube_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o twenty_o six_o equal_a part_n and_o mark_v with_o black_a line_n we_o fill_v the_o cylinder_n almost_o full_a of_o water_n so_o that_o after_o a_o few_o trial_n by_o invert_v the_o cylinder_n and_o stop_v the_o open_a end_n with_o one_o finger_n we_o can_v perceive_v that_o as_o much_o air_n may_v be_v permit_v to_o rise_v up_o to_o the_o bubble_n as_o be_v equal_a in_o extension_n to_o the_o breadth_n of_o one_o of_o those_o twenty_o six_o division_n when_o this_o be_v do_v we_o fit_v the_o open_a end_n of_o the_o cylinder_n to_o a_o glass_n viol._n which_o be_v fill_v with_o water_n to_o the_o height_n of_o half_a a_o inch_n all_o which_o be_v put_v together_o into_o a_o pneumatical_a receiver_n after_o a_o few_o exsuction_n the_o include_v air_n be_v so_o much_o expanded_a as_o to_o extend_v itself_o to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o expanded_a air_n take_v up_o thirty_o one_o time_n as_o much_o space_n as_o before_o and_o this_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v in_o a_o cylinder_n which_o afford_v a_o large_a space_n for_o the_o air_n be_v expansion_n it_o take_v up_o above_o sixty_o time_n the_o space_n it_o do_v before_o and_o repeat_v the_o like_a experiment_n with_o a_o glass_n pipe_n thirty_o inch_n long_o part_n of_o it_o have_v a_o hole_n in_o the_o cover_n to_o stand_v out_o through_o by_o weigh_v the_o water_n in_o a_o nice_a pair_n of_o scale_n together_o with_o the_o pipe_n first_o with_o the_o bubble_n of_o air_n include_v and_o after_o when_o the_o tube_n be_v whole_o fill_v with_o water_n we_o find_v that_o the_o air_n which_o possess_v but_o the_o space_n of_o one_o grain_n of_o water_n have_v be_v expanded_a in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n so_o much_o by_o its_o own_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o to_o take_v up_o 152_o time_n its_o space_n before_o extension_n and_o since_o marcennus_n affirm_v that_o the_o air_n may_v be_v so_o expanded_a by_o heat_n as_o to_o take_v up_o seventy_o time_n its_o space_n i_o convey_v a_o cylinder_n of_o the_o former_a magnitude_n into_o the_o receiver_n and_o find_v that_o upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n that_o in_o the_o cylinder_n descend_v down_o almost_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o the_o low_a surface_n of_o it_o be_v very_o convex_v and_o seem_v several_a time_n to_o knock_v upon_o and_o rebound_v from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o the_o expansive_a force_n of_o the_o air_n since_o the_o water_n it_o depress_v upon_o the_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o air_n be_v much_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o viol._n experiment_n vii_o what_o figure_n best_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n have_v get_v a_o thin_a glass_n bubble_n which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o hold_v about_o five_o ounce_n of_o water_n to_o which_o be_v fix_v a_o slender_a neck_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o swan_n quill_n we_o moderate_o exhaust_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n and_o then_o take_v it_o out_o of_o the_o pump_n we_o join_v the_o neck_n of_o the_o bubble_n to_o the_o low_a orifice_n of_o the_o receiver_n stop_v the_o cranny_n with_o melt_a plaster_n to_o prevent_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o air_n and_o though_o the_o glass_n be_v as_o thin_a as_o paper_n yet_o upon_o turn_v the_o key_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n and_o give_v the_o air_n include_v in_o the_o bubble_n liberty_n to_o expand_v the_o bubble_n sustain_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o whole_a atmosphere_n without_o be_v break_v experiment_n viii_o illustrate_v the_o former_a experiment_n illustrate_v we_o take_v a_o glass_n alembick_a which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o hold_v about_o three_o pint_n represent_v by_o the_o seven_o figure_n the_o rostrum_n e_o be_v hermetical_o close_v in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o rostrum_n be_v a_o hole_n into_o which_o one_o of_o the_o shank_n of_o a_o stop-cock_n of_o a_o ordinary_a size_n be_v cement_v the_o other_o be_v fix_v with_o cement_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o pump_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o alembick_a be_v cover_v close_o with_o a_o plate_n of_o lead_n exact_o adapt_v to_o it_o upon_o draw_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n the_o glass_n present_o crack_v which_o crack_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o line_n a_o b_o and_o this_o flaw_n extend_v itself_o further_o according_o as_o the_o air_n be_v more_o exhaust_v yet_o this_o glass_n vessel_n be_v near_o twenty_o time_n thick_a than_o the_o bubble_n and_o that_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o former_a glass_n enable_v it_o so_o much_o better_a to_o sustain_v the_o atmosphere_n be_v further_o confirm_v by_o suspend_v one_o of_o the_o bubble_n hermetical_o seal_v in_o the_o receiver_n which_o so_o strong_o resist_v the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o it_o as_o to_o continue_v whole_a when_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v experiment_n ix_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a experiment_n a_o experiment_n to_o show_v that_o these_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-mi proceed_v not_o from_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la etc._n etc._n etc._n a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o former_a experiment_n etc._n etc._n have_v put_v the_o end_n of_o a_o slender_a glass_n pipe_n into_o a_o viol_n which_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o contain_v four_o ounce_n of_o water_n and_o fix_v it_o to_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o viol_n with_o a_o cement_n of_o rosin_n and_o pitch_n so_o that_o the_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n almost_o touch_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o viol_n as_o in_o fig._n 6_o this_o viol_n be_v convey_v into_o a_o small_a receiver_n as_o much_o water_n be_v put_v into_o it_o as_o wrought_v a_o little_a above_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o cylinder_n the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v most_o of_o it_o without_o the_o vessel_n a_o hole_n have_v be_v purposely_o make_v for_o it_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n the_o event_n of_o which_o trial_n be_v that_o upon_o draw_v the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o pump_n the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n internal_o press_v into_o the_o pipe_n and_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n within_o the_o receiver_n not_o equal_o press_v against_o the_o side_n of_o the_o bottle_n which_o be_v expose_v to_o it_o a_o piece_n of_o the_o bottle_n burst_v out_o of_o the_o side_n of_o it_o with_o such_o a_o force_n as_o to_o crack_v the_o receiver_n in_o several_a place_n and_o have_v reiterated_a the_o experiment_n with_o a_o round_a glass_n bubble_n the_o leaden_a cover_n of_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o only_o depress_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n so_o as_o to_o thrust_v out_o one_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o the_o glass_n bubble_n be_v crack_v into_o piece_n with_o such_o violence_n as_o to_o tear_v a_o bladder_n which_o it_o be_v encompass_v with_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o break_v the_o receiver_n in_o several_a place_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o next_o experiment_n it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o advertise_v that_o though_o the_o large_a receiver_n be_v apt_a upon_o some_o trial_n to_o crack_v yet_o they_o be_v not_o render_v altogether_o useless_a since_o when_o the_o air_n begin_v to_o be_v exhaust_v the_o ambient_fw-la atmosphere_n compress_n the_o lip_n of_o the_o glass_n close_o together_o but_o if_o the_o crack_v be_v considerable_a it_o may_v be_v cement_v with_o a_o plaster_n make_v of_o quicklime_n and_o scrape_n of_o cheese_n ground_n together_o very_o fine_o in_o a_o mortar_n and_o make_v into_o a_o paste_n with_o a_o little_a water_n which_o be_v spread_v upon_o a_o cloth_n about_o three_o inch_n broad_a must_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o crack_n experiment_n x._o receiver_n of_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n in_o a_o receiver_n have_v suspend_v a_o tallow_n candle_n in_o our_o receiver_n we_o find_v that_o upon_o a_o exsuction_n of_o
whole_o free_v from_o air_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o ebullition_n nor_o a_o appearance_n of_o bubble_n yet_o the_o drop_n of_o oil_n move_v in_o vacuo_fw-la after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o in_o open_a air._n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o oil_n depend_v not_o in_o a_o dissolution_n in_o vacuo_fw-la since_o all_o dissolution_n be_v company_v with_o a_o production_n of_o bubble_n experiment_n viii_o may_v 19_o 76._o claret_n radish_n in_o a_o receiver_n with_o claret_n have_v cut_v two_o radish_n transvers_o and_o suspend_v they_o all_o night_n in_o vacuo_fw-la over_o a_o vessel_n of_o claret_n the_o small_a end_n of_o one_o be_v downward_o and_o the_o other_o in_o a_o contrary_a posture_n all_o be_v free_v of_o their_o air_n the_o next_o day_n i_o free_v two_o other_o radish_n from_o their_o thick_a skin_n and_o cut_v they_o transvers_o suspend_v they_o over_o the_o wine_n as_o the_o other_o in_o vacuo_fw-la upon_o which_o immerse_v they_o all_o in_o the_o wine_n they_o emit_v bubble_n considerable_o especial_o those_o that_o have_v be_v long_a in_o the_o receiver_n from_o this_o experiment_n we_o may_v urge_v that_o bubble_n be_v form_v of_o particle_n of_o air_n contain_v in_o water_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o those_o radish_n yield_v most_o air_n who_o skin_n be_v not_o pull_v off_o be_v because_o those_o skin_n be_v full_a of_o canal_n and_o pore_n to_o contain_v air_n in_o for_o the_o form_n of_o bubble_n the_o liquor_n ascend_v equal_o in_o all_o the_o radish_n notwithstanding_o their_o posture_n experiment_n ix_o may._n 4._o water_n a_o small_a tube_n immerse_v in_o water_n a_o small_a glass_n tube_n open_a at_o both_o end_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o water_n in_o vacuo_fw-la ascend_v as_o high_a as_o it_o usual_o do_v in_o common_a air_n but_o in_o a_o little_a time_n it_o be_v raise_v high_a by_o bubble_n of_o water_n which_o divide_v and_o intercept_v the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n in_o 3_o several_a place_n beside_o several_a bubble_n of_o water_n pass_v out_o at_o that_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n which_o be_v immerse_v one_o end_v of_o this_o tube_n be_v hermetical_o seal_v up_o the_o experiment_n succeed_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o when_o it_o be_v open_a but_o in_o the_o open_a air_n the_o water_n ascend_v not_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o experiment_n be_v very_o remarkable_a viz._n that_o the_o water_n suspend_v in_o the_o tube_n yield_v no_o bubble_n but_o only_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o tube_n nor_o do_v the_o cylinder_n of_o water_n even_o at_o the_o bottom_n yield_v bubble_n when_o it_o be_v raise_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n which_o it_o be_v before_o immerse_v in_o may._n 5._o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v but_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n a_o drop_n which_o run_v over_o the_o superior_a aperture_n of_o the_o receiver_n fall_v down_o to_o the_o open_a end_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o be_v raise_v two_o line_n in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o pipe_n no_o bubble_n be_v form_v in_o half_a a_o hour_n till_o the_o tube_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n and_o then_o successive_o they_o rise_v one_o after_o another_o in_o try_v this_o experiment_n several_a time_n i_o observe_v that_o thou_o whilst_o the_o tube_n be_v immerse_v several_a bubble_n appear_v about_o the_o end_n of_o it_o yet_o when_o it_o be_v raise_v above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n none_o be_v to_o be_v see_v may_v 6._o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o a_o infusion_n of_o nephritick_n wood_n in_o which_o the_o success_n be_v alike_o except_o that_o in_o the_o infusion_n when_o the_o bubble_n be_v small_a they_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o its_o thinness_n and_o that_o it_o have_v no_o viscocity_n may_v 10._o i_o repeat_v the_o same_o experiment_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o a_o oil_n make_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la in_o which_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v different_a from_o the_o former_a but_o that_o the_o liquor_n ascend_v not_o so_o high_a from_o these_o experiment_n it_o may_v probable_o be_v infer_v that_o the_o formation_n of_o bubble_n in_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o tube_n depend_v on_o aerial_a particle_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n and_o meet_v with_o some_o impediment_n at_o their_o end_n be_v keep_v there_o till_o new_a one_o join_v with_o they_o form_n bubble_n experiment_n x._o july_n 18._o 76._o tube_n bean_n with_o water_n in_o a_o iron_n tube_n bean_n such_o as_o horse_n eat_v be_v shut_v up_o with_o water_n in_o a_o iron_n tube_n 2_o day_n ago_o to_o day_n seem_v unaltered_a but_o the_o stopple_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v pull_v back_o air_n and_o water_n break_v out_o which_o eruption_n be_v succeed_v by_o a_o bubble_a noise_n which_o continue_v above_o a_o hour_n july_n 25._o the_o iron_n tube_n be_v open_v a_o second_o time_n and_o a_o bubble_a noise_n succeed_v as_o before_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o bean_n contain_v air_n which_o can_v discharge_v itself_o in_o a_o compression_n till_o that_o compression_n be_v remove_v experiment_n xi_o march_n 4._o 77._o copper_n spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o copper_n a_o glass_n half_n full_a of_o spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la with_o file_n of_o copper_n in_o it_o in_o 15_o minute_n it_o be_v tinge_v with_o a_o diluted_a blue_n which_o upon_o a_o ingress_n of_o air_n in_o 3_o minute_n become_v vivid_v and_o thick_a april_n 4._o the_o liquor_n have_v be_v enclose_v in_o vacuo_fw-la have_v almost_o lose_v its_o colour_n which_o it_o regain_v when_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o experiment_n xii_o may_v 8._o wine_n oil_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n oil_n make_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n swim_v upon_o it_o when_o the_o air_n begin_v to_o be_v exhaust_v great_a bubble_n rise_v from_o the_o spirit_n and_o small_a one_o from_o the_o oil_n but_o in_o a_o hour_n the_o oil_n afford_v bubble_n large_a enough_o to_o fill_v the_o whole_a diameter_n of_o the_o pipe_n in_o their_o ascent_n and_o a_o hour_n after_o that_o they_o break_v out_o so_o violent_o as_o to_o strike_v against_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n may_v 9_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v in_o a_o vessel_n which_o be_v long_a and_o narrow_a i_o observe_v that_o the_o bubble_n which_o rise_v from_o the_o oil_n be_v not_o very_o large_a till_o ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o and_o then_o they_o be_v sudden_o expanded_a experiment_n xiii_o may_v 3._o 76._o wine_n aq._n fort._n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n a_o mixture_n of_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n and_o each_o of_o those_o include_v in_o a_o distinct_a vessel_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o iron_n one_o of_o they_o be_v include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la upon_o which_o several_a considerable_a ebullition_n succeed_v the_o liquor_n when_o take_v out_o be_v black_a and_o turbid_v though_o in_o the_o other_o two_o it_o be_v not_o alter_v in_o colour_n but_o only_o a_o black_a powder_n be_v settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n wherefore_o one_o of_o those_o be_v include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la after_o ebullition_n less_o violent_a than_o those_o in_o the_o vessel_n first_o include_v the_o liquor_n in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n time_n be_v take_v out_o be_v almost_o as_o black_a and_o turbid_v as_o that_o first_o put_v into_o the_o receiver_n that_o in_o the_o open_a air_n be_v not_o much_o alter_v may_v 4._o the_o liquor_n shut_v up_o in_o the_o receiver_n appear_v clear_a and_o green_a but_o that_o in_o the_o open_a air_n bubble_v more_o than_o the_o day_n before_o and_o be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o all_o three_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o red_a liquor_n afford_v large_a bubble_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o spirit_n of_o wine_n promote_v ebullition_n in_o vacuo_fw-la experiment_n fourteen_o jan._n 21._o 78._o copper_n spirit_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a with_o file_n of_o copper_n a_o glass_n half_n full_a of_o spir._n sal_fw-la armon_n with_o file_n of_o copper_n stop_v with_o a_o leather_n stopple_n be_v put_v into_o a_o receiver_n with_o unfermented_a paste_n jan._n 22._o the_o air_n yield_v by_o the_o paste_n penetrate_v the_o leather_n which_o be_v impervious_a to_o common_a air_n which_o appear_v by_o the_o tincture_n it_o give_v the_o liquor_n jan._n 25._o the_o liquor_n have_v almost_o lose_v its_o colour_n so_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o artificial_a air_n be_v so_o minute_n as_o to_o penetrate_v pore_n which_o common_a air_n can_v feb._n 2._o the_o glass_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n which_o admit_v air_n so_o
the_o liberty_n of_o unite_n as_o they_o ought_v to_o form_v crystal_n of_o a_o natural_a figure_n which_o guess_v be_v confirm_v because_o the_o crystal_n which_o shoot_v in_o water_n where_o they_o have_v room_n enough_o and_o a_o indifferent_a vehicle_n be_v more_o perfect_a than_o those_o which_o be_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o the_o nitrous_a powder_n and_o saline_n spirit_n where_o they_o be_v force_v for_o want_v of_o room_n to_z cry_z stalize_v before_o they_o have_v time_n to_o convene_v after_o a_o manner_n requisite_a to_o make_v they_o of_o a_o natural_a figure_n and_o size_n but_o to_o proceed_v this_o experiment_n which_o show_v how_o a_o body_n divide_v into_o different_a substance_n by_o distillation_n may_v be_v again_o unite_v into_o a_o original_a concrete_a will_v be_v a_o very_a strong_a and_o convince_a instance_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o form_n and_o quality_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o a_o essential_a modification_n of_o their_o part_n and_o that_o the_o difference_n observable_a in_o particular_a substance_n depend_v on_o a_o different_a texture_n and_o a_o coalition_n of_o part_n of_o different_a figure_n and_o size_n so_o that_o the_o redintegration_n of_o body_n be_v no_o more_o but_o a_o restore_n of_o their_o former_a part_n into_o the_o same_o order_n and_o position_n be_v artificial_o handle_v so_o as_o to_o acquire_v their_o former_a size_n and_o figure_n in_o order_n to_o their_o coalition_n yet_o this_o i_o think_v necessary_a to_o be_v represent_v viz._n that_o the_o composition_n of_o nitre_n be_v so_o little_a organical_a that_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a to_o judge_v what_o success_n in_o order_n to_o redintegration_n may_v be_v expect_v in_o other_o body_n where_o the_o fabric_n of_o they_o be_v so_o curious_a by_o reason_n of_o their_o numerous_a ingredient_n and_o the_o curious_a contexture_n of_o they_o that_o the_o latter_a be_v not_o to_o be_v imitate_v by_o art_n in_o the_o production_n of_o substance_n much_o less_o organical_a than_o the_o part_n of_o live_a animal_n rash_o chemical_a medicine_n lay_v aside_o too_o rash_o the_o last_o observation_n i_o shall_v make_v on_o our_o experiment_n be_v that_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v be_v think_v that_o some_o chemical_a medicine_n may_v be_v too_o rash_o lay_v aside_o by_o some_o physician_n who_o suppose_v that_o the_o menstruum_n make_v use_v of_o in_o their_o preparation_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n mix_v with_o they_o since_o beside_o that_o those_o salt_n may_v by_o care_n be_v wash_v away_o several_a part_n of_o they_o may_v be_v so_o alter_v by_o corrosion_n that_o those_o associate_a with_o other_o particle_n of_o the_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o may_v degenerate_v into_o a_o innocent_a concrete_a a_o instance_n of_o which_o we_o have_v in_o our_o experiment_n where_o a_o corrosive_a spirit_n and_o a_o caustick_a fix_a salt_n unite_v into_o a_o innocent_a medicine_n and_o that_o corrosive_a salt_n may_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n be_v dulcify_v by_o their_o act_n on_o other_o substance_n be_v evident_a in_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n and_o crab_n eye_n or_o any_o other_o testaceous_a body_n and_o again_o though_o vinegar_n powerful_o corrode_v calcine_v lead_n yet_o unite_n with_o it_o it_o constitute_v a_o sweet_a body_n in_o which_o the_o sharpness_n of_o vinegar_n be_v perfect_o destroy_v and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o argument_n usual_o allege_v against_o the_o use_n of_o medicine_n so_o prepare_v that_o from_o several_a of_o they_o corrosive_a particle_n may_v be_v draw_v yet_o since_o the_o same_o may_v be_v effect_v by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n upon_o salt-petre_n the_o objection_n be_v as_o invalid_a as_o the_o general_a practice_n of_o physician_n can_v make_v it_o chap._n xi_o contain_v the_o history_n of_o fluidity_n whether_o fluidity_n and_o firmness_n may_v not_o with_o more_o reason_n be_v esteem_v state_n than_o quality_n of_o body_n or_o not_o this_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v account_v the_o most_o general_a affection_n of_o matter_n all_o body_n be_v either_o fluid_a or_o solid_a if_o then_o these_o quality_n or_o state_n of_o body_n be_v so_o general_n it_o will_v be_v of_o moment_n to_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o and_o the_o rather_o in_o this_o place_n because_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n of_o salt-petre_n may_v serve_v to_o illustrate_v they_o body_n the_o definition_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n to_o proceed_v then_o a_o body_n be_v say_v to_o be_v fluid_a because_o it_o consist_v of_o part_n which_o easy_o slip_v upon_o one_o another_o surface_n to_o and_o fro_o when_o move_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o porous_a interstice_n which_o remain_v betwixt_o those_o part_n which_o they_o be_v make_v up_o of_o they_o not_o be_v whole_o contiguous_a on_o every_o side_n and_o also_o because_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o motion_n they_o spread_v and_o diffuse_v themselves_o on_o every_o side_n till_o oppose_v by_o some_o solid_a body_n to_o the_o internal_a superficies_n of_o which_o they_o present_o adapt_v themselves_o and_o what_o thought_n epicurus_n and_o the_o ancient_a corpuscularian_o have_v of_o fluidity_n will_v appear_v from_o these_o verse_n of_o his_o paraphra_v lucretius_n illa_fw-la autem_fw-la debent_fw-la ex_fw-la laevis_fw-la at_o que_fw-la rotundis_fw-la esse_fw-la magis_fw-la fluido_fw-la quae_fw-la corpore_fw-la liquida_fw-la constant_a nec_fw-la retinentur_fw-la enim_fw-la inter_fw-la se_fw-la glomeramina_fw-la quaeque_fw-la et_fw-la procursus_fw-la item_n in_o proclive_a volubilis_n extat_fw-la and_o indeed_o we_o may_v rational_o believe_v that_o the_o smoothness_n of_o their_o part_n may_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o fluidity_n of_o liquor_n as_o well_o as_o the_o globular_a figure_n of_o they_o though_o there_o be_v several_a fluid_a body_n who_o part_n be_v of_o figure_n very_o various_a beside_o flame_n and_o air_n the_o figure_n of_o who_o part_n be_v very_o irregular_a fluid_n irregular_a body_n who_o part_n be_v less_o condense_v than_o water_n to_o be_v esteem_v fluid_n and_o here_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o to_o render_v a_o body_n fluid_fw-la there_o be_v no_o need_n that_o its_o part_n shall_v be_v so_o close_o condense_v as_o those_o of_o water_n be_v since_o flame_n and_o smoke_n may_v be_v so_o manage_v as_o to_o resemble_v liquid_a body_n of_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o we_o have_v proof_n by_o blow_v rosemary-smoke_n into_o a_o glass-pipe_n which_o if_o when_o it_o be_v fill_v the_o low_a end_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o pipe_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o fume_n will_v subside_o till_o level_n and_o though_o the_o pipe_n be_v incline_v several_a way_n yet_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o smoke_n answer_v to_o the_o horizon_n till_o the_o glass_n be_v further_o incline_v and_o then_o the_o smoke_n will_v run_v along_o the_o pipe_n like_o water_n disperse_v itself_o afterward_o in_o the_o air._n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o cause_n of_o fluidity_n we_o conceive_v that_o there_o be_v three_o thing_n requisite_a to_o render_v body_n fluid_a fluidity_n minuteness_n of_o part_n requisute_n to_o fluidity_n 1._o the_o minuteness_n of_o the_o particle_n which_o constitute_v they_o by_o which_o they_o be_v dispose_v to_o a_o intestine_a motion_n and_o to_o be_v preserve_v in_o it_o more_o easy_o as_o the_o part_n of_o lead_n quicksilver_n and_o gold_n when_o dissolve_v by_o a_o menstruum_fw-la be_v easy_o raise_v and_o mix_v with_o the_o part_n of_o that_o menstruum_fw-la nay_o fluidity_n so_o much_o depend_v on_o the_o minuteness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n which_o constitute_v fluid_a body_n that_o the_o part_n of_o antimony_n dissolve_v and_o break_v into_o small_a corpuscle_n may_v be_v turn_v into_o butter_n of_o antimony_n and_o that_o butter_n of_o antimony_n be_v chief_o make_v up_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o antimony_n be_v evident_a since_o by_o a_o mixutre_n of_o fair_a water_n a_o white_a calx_fw-la will_v precipitate_v easy_o convertible_a into_o glass_n of_o antimony_n and_o nature_n herself_o supply_v we_o with_o further_a instance_n since_o the_o very_a substance_n of_o bone_n be_v by_o comminution_n in_o the_o stomach_n of_o dog_n turn_v into_o a_o liquor_n and_o to_o confirm_v this_o observation_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o know_v a_o certain_a gentleman_n who_o be_v a_o close_a student_n who_o live_v for_o several_a day_n together_o without_o the_o least_o drink_n though_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o sweat_v moderate_o and_o easy_o enough_o his_o urine_n be_v agreeable_a to_o his_o constitution_n as_o the_o urine_n of_o other_o man_n general_o be_v to_o they_o but_o that_o solid_a substance_n may_v yield_v and_o be_v turn_v into_o fluids_n by_o a_o comminution_n of_o their_o part_n may_v be_v evince_v by_o the_o fusibility_n of_o metal_n since_o the_o more_o the_o massy_a particle_n of_o metal_n be_v break_v into_o small_a part_n
a_o long_a leg_n and_o a_o short_a one_o which_o be_v so_o bend_v as_o to_o lie_v parallel_n almost_o to_o each_o other_o we_o past_v paper_n upon_o each_o which_o be_v divide_v by_o mark_n into_o inch_n and_o each_o of_o those_o inch_n into_o eight_o part_n and_o upon_o pour_v mercury_n into_o the_o long_a tube_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o short_a which_o be_v hermetical_o seal_v at_o the_o top_n by_o twenty_o nine_o inch_n of_o mercury_n be_v condense_v into_o half_a the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o if_o it_o be_v able_a in_o so_o compress_v a_o state_n by_o virtue_n of_o its_o spring_n to_o resist_v a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n of_o 29_o inch_n beside_o the_o atmospherical_a cylinder_n incumbent_n upon_o that_o it_o follow_v that_o its_o compression_n in_o the_o open_a air_n be_v but_o half_a as_o much_o it_o must_v have_v but_o half_a that_o weight_n from_o the_o atmosphere_n that_o lie_v upon_o it_o in_o that_o compress_v state_n but_o to_o be_v more_o exact_a 2._o see_v fig._n 4._o plate_n 2._o we_o take_v a_o tube_n represent_v by_o the_o four_o figure_n paste_v upon_o the_o short_a leg_n a_o paper_n divide_v into_o twelve_o inch_n and_o each_o of_o those_o into_o quarter_n and_o another_o upon_o the_o long_a leg_n which_o make_v up_o several_a foot_n which_o be_v likewise_o divide_v into_o inches_n and_o those_o subdivide_v again_o into_o quarter_n the_o tube_n be_v thus_o mark_v the_o low_a end_n be_v place_v in_o a_o wooden_a box_n that_o the_o mercury_n may_v run_v into_o it_o if_o the_o pipe_n chance_v to_o break_v and_o one_o be_v assign_v to_o pour_v in_o mercury_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n another_o be_v place_v to_o observe_v when_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o small_a tube_n rise_v up_o to_o each_o of_o the_o division_n abovementioned_a and_o to_o take_v notice_n likewise_o how_o high_a it_o stand_v in_o the_o long_a tube_n at_o the_o same_o time_n where_o the_o several_a observation_n be_v set_v down_o and_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n a_o table_n of_o the_o condensation_n of_o the_o air._n a_o a_o b_o c_o d_o e_o 48_o 12_o 00_o add_v to_o 29_o â…›_n make_v 29_o 2_o 16_o 29_o 2_o 16_o 46_o 11_o ½_n 01_o 7_o 16_o 30_o 9_o 16_o 30_o 6_o 16_o 44_o 11_o 02_o 13_o 16_o 31_o 15_o 16_o 31_o 12_o 16_o 42_o 10_o ½_n 04_o 6_o 16_o 33_o 8_o 16_o 33_o 1_o 7_o 40_o 10_o 06_o 3_o 16_o 35_o 5_o 16_o 35_o 38_o 9_o ½_n 07_o 14_o 16_o 37_o 36_o 15_o 19_o 36_o 9_o 10_o 2_o 16_o 39_o 3_o 16_o 38_o â…ž_n 34_o 8_o ½_n 12_o 8_o 16_o 41_o 10_o 16_o 41_o 2_o 17_o 32_o 8_o 15_o 1_o 16_o 44_o 3_o 16_o 43_o 11_o 16_o 30_o 7_o ½_n 17_o 15_o 16_o 47_o 1_o 16_o 46_o â…—_n 28_o 7_o 21_o 3_o 16_o 50_o 5_o 16_o 50_o 26_o 6_o ½_n 25_o 3_o 16_o 54_o 5_o 16_o 53_o 10_o 13_o 24_o 6_o 29_o 11_o 16_o 58_o 13_o 16_o 58_o 2_o 8_o 22_o 5_o ½_n 34_o 15_o 16_o 64_o 1_o 16_o 63_o 6_o 11_o 21_o 5_o ¼_n 37_o 15_o 16_o 67_o 1_o 16_o 66_o 4_o 7_o 20_o 5_o 41_o 9_o 16_o 70_o 11_o 16_o 70_o 19_o 4_o ¾_n 45_o 74_o 2_o 16_o 73_o 11_o 19_o 18_o 4_o ½_n 48_o 12_o 16_o 77_o 14_o 16_o 77_o â…”_n 17_o 4_o ¼_n 53_o 11_o 16_o 82_o 12_o 16_o 82_o 4_o 17_o 16_o 4_o 58_o 2_o 16_o 87_o 14_o 16_o 87_o â…œ_n 15_o 3_o ¾_n 63_o 15_o 16_o 93_o 1_o 16_o 93_o 1_o â—_o 14_o 3_o ½_n 71_o 5_o 16_o 100_o 7_o 16_o 99_o 6_o 7_o 13_o 3_o ¼_n 78_o 11_o 16_o 107_o 13_o 16_o 107_o 7_o 13_o 12_o 3_o 88_o 7_o 16_o 117_o 4_o 16_o 116_o 4_o 8_o a_o a_o the_o number_n of_o equal_a space_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n which_o contain_v the_o same_o parcel_n of_o air_n different_o expand_v b_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o long_a tube_n by_o who_o weight_n the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a one_o be_v compress_v c_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n which_o counterpoise_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a atmospere_n d_o the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o column_n b_o and_o c_o show_v what_o pressure_n be_v sustain_v by_o the_o include_v air._n e_o what_o that_o pressure_n shall_v be_v allow_v the_o pressure_n and_o expansion_n to_o be_v reciprocal_a porportion_n but_o in_o try_v this_o experiment_n whoever_o pour_v in_o the_o mercury_n he_o must_v do_v it_o by_o degree_n and_o according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o other_o that_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o mercury_n below_o for_o if_o it_o be_v pour_v in_o without_o caution_n it_o may_v rise_v up_o above_o the_o mark_v place_v on_o the_o outside_n before_o due_a observation_n can_v be_v make_v have_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n compress_v the_o air_n into_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o we_o observe_v though_o it_o can_v not_o be_v sensible_o condense_v further_a by_o cold_a yet_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n bring_v near_o it_o give_v we_o reason_n to_o think_v that_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o heat_n will_v have_v expanded_a it_o but_o fear_v the_o crack_v of_o the_o tube_n we_o dare_v not_o try_v it_o from_o the_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o air_n be_v more_o or_o less_o compress_v so_o it_o be_v able_a to_o counterpoise_v a_o heavy_a or_o light_a cylinder_n of_o mercury_n and_o that_o the_o mercury_n be_v bear_v up_o by_o the_o spring_n of_o that_o condense_v air_n appear_v by_o suck_v up_o the_o air_n out_o of_o the_o tube_n when_o the_o mercury_n be_v 100_o inch_n high_a in_o the_o pipe_n for_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v take_v off_o the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v in_o the_o long_a tube_n by_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o short_a leg_n and_o not_o by_o any_o funiculus_fw-la since_o the_o objector_n confess_v that_o can_v raise_v more_o than_o a_o cylinder_n of_o 30_o inch_n consider_v the_o air_n be_v rarefaction_n consider_v but_o together_o with_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v not_o a_o little_a illustrate_v our_o doctrine_n of_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n to_o observe_v how_o much_o its_o spring_n be_v weaken_a according_o as_o it_o be_v different_o expand_v and_o rarify_v a_o table_n of_o the_o air_n be_v rarefaction_n a_o b_o c_o d_o e_o 1_o 00_o 0_o 9_o substract_v from_o 29_o ¾_n leave_v 29_o ¾_n 29_o ¾_n 1_o ½_n 10_o â…_n 19_o â…›_n 19_o â…š_n 2_o 15_o â…œ_n 14_o â…œ_n 14_o â…ž_n 3_o 20_o 2_o 8_o 9_o 4_o 8_o 9_o 15_o 12_o 4_o 22_o â…_n 7_o â…›_n 7_o 7_o 16_o 5_o 24_o â…›_n 5_o â…_n 5_o 19_o 20_o 6_o 24_o â…ž_n 4_o â…ž_n 4_o 23_o 24_o 7_o 25_o 4_o 8_o 4_o 2_o 8_o 4_o ¼_n 8_o 26_o 0_o 0_o 3_o 0_o 8_o 3_o 23_o 32_o 9_o 26_o â…œ_n 3_o 3_o 0_o 3_o 11_o 36_o 10_o 26_o 6_o 3_o 3_o 0_o 0_o 2_o 39_o 40_o 12_o 27_o â…›_n 2_o â…_n 2_o 23_o 48_o 14_o 27_o 4_o 8_o 2_o 2_o 8_o 2_o â…›_n 16_o 27_o â—_o 8_o 2_o 0_o 0_o 1_o 55_o 64_o 18_o 27_o â…ž_n 1_o â…ž_n 1_o 47_o 72_o 20_o 28_o 1_o 6_o 8_o 1_o 9_o 80_o 24_o 28_o â…›_n 1_o 4_o 8_o 1_o 22_o 96_o 28_o 28_o â…œ_n 1_o â…œ_n 1_o 1_o 16_o 32_o 28_o 4_o 8_o 1_o 2_o 8_o 0_o 110_o 128_o a_o the_o number_n of_o equal_a space_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n which_o the_o same_o parcel_n of_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o b_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n which_o together_o with_o the_o include_v air_n counterpoise_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n c_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n d_o the_o aggregate_v of_o b_o to_z c_z represent_v the_o pressure_n counterpoise_v by_o the_o include_v air._n e_o what_o that_o pressure_n shall_v be_v according_a to_o the_o hypothesis_n in_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_a first_a that_o we_o make_v use_v of_o a_o glass-tube_n about_o 6_o foot_n long_o seal_v at_o one_o end_n second_o we_o have_v in_o readiness_n a_o glass-pipe_n about_o the_o diameter_n of_o a_o swan_n quill_n which_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o paper_n stick_v upon_o it_o divide_v into_o inches_n and_o half_a quarter_n which_o be_v immerse_v in_o the_o other_o cylinder_n of_o mercury_n and_o open_a at_o both_o end_n that_o the_o mercury_n may_v rise_v in_o it_o it_o help_v to_o fill_v the_o other_o up_o and_o about_o a_o inch_n of_o its_o stand_n above_o the_o mercury_n the_o orifice_n be_v seal_v up_o so_o that_o a_o inch_n of_o air_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o tube_n which_o by_o lift_v up_o the_o tube_n be_v gradual_o expanded_a to_o
it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o when_o first_o the_o water_n appear_v in_o the_o glass_n tube_n they_o will_v be_v very_o numerous_a and_o form_v a_o froth_n yet_o when_o the_o pump_v be_v further_o continue_v they_o grow_v less_o and_o less_o second_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n make_v several_a vibration_n in_o its_o rise_n which_o though_o near_o a_o foot_n at_o the_o first_o grow_v less_o and_o less_o three_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o baroscope_n consult_v before_o some_o time_n after_o be_v note_v to_o have_v rise_v considerable_o so_o that_o have_v the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v again_o the_o water_n will_v have_v be_v buoy_v up_o a_o good_a deal_n high_o now_o from_o this_o experiment_n it_o appear_v how_o improbable_a it_o be_v what_o some_o man_n teach_v concern_v the_o rise_n of_o water_n in_o spiral_n pipe_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o high_a mountain_n since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o can_v be_v draw_v high_a than_o 36_o foot_n by_o a_o suck_v pump_n experiment_n xviii_o about_o the_o bend_v of_o a_o springy_a body_n in_o the_o exhaust_v receiver_n to_o be_v satisfy_v how_o much_o the_o elasticity_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n i_o fix_v one_o end_n of_o a_o whale-bone_n in_o a_o trencher_n and_o tie_v a_o weight_n to_o the_o other_o by_o which_o it_o be_v bend_v so_o low_a as_o almost_o to_o touch_v the_o plane_n under_o it_o this_o be_v convey_v into_o our_o receiver_n upon_o the_o exhaust_v of_o the_o receiver_n i_o can_v not_o perceive_v any_o alteration_n experiment_n xix_o concern_v the_o make_n of_o mercurial_a gauge_n whereby_o to_o estimate_v how_o much_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v several_a gauge_n have_v be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o discover_v when_o the_o receiver_n be_v well_o exhaust_v as_o by_o suspend_v a_o bladder_n which_o be_v almost_o empty_a of_o air_n or_o by_o invert_v a_o small_a tube_n in_o which_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v contain_v but_o the_o former_a take_v up_o too_o much_o room_n in_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o latter_a not_o discover_v whether_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v or_o not_o till_o the_o air_n contain_v be_v too_o much_o rarefy_v for_o any_o considerable_a observation_n therefore_o to_o enable_v i_o to_o make_v more_o observation_n in_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o receiver_n exsuction_n i_o take_v a_o slender_a pipe_n of_o glass_n about_o 10_o inch_n long_o and_o as_o small_a as_o a_o goose_n quill_n and_o have_v melt_v it_o at_o a_o flame_n so_o as_o to_o soften_v it_o and_o make_v it_o apt_a to_o be_v bend_v i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o form_n represent_v by_o plate_n 5._o fig._n 4._o so_o that_o about_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o low_a leg_n be_v fill_v with_o air_n 4._o see_v plate_n 5â—_n fig._n 4._o and_o the_o rest_n of_o that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o short_a one_o be_v fill_v with_o quicksilver_n the_o expansion_n of_o that_o air_n may_v easy_o be_v perceive_v by_o paste_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n upon_o that_o tube_n divide_v into_o several_a exact_a part_n for_o as_o the_o receiver_n be_v more_o or_o less_o expanded_a the_o air_n in_o the_o long_a leg_n of_o the_o gage_n will_v be_v extend_v to_o some_o of_o those_o mark_n and_o if_o when_o the_o air_n be_v so_o expanded_a the_o experimenter_n desire_v to_o know_v at_o each_o of_o those_o mark_n how_o much_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v it_o will_v appear_v by_o let_v in_o as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o receiver_n be_v able_a at_o that_o time_n to_o hold_v so_o that_o if_o when_o the_o air_n be_v at_o any_o determinate_a mark_n the_o water_n be_v let_v in_o and_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n be_v so_o far_o evacuate_v by_o observe_v how_o much_o water_n will_v be_v admit_v when_o the_o air_n be_v expanded_a to_o each_o mark_n the_o gage_n for_o the_o future_a will_v not_o only_o inform_v we_o how_o much_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o small_a gage_n a_o large_a may_v be_v make_v by_o put_v both_o into_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n at_o once_o for_o by_o observe_v when_o the_o air_n be_v expanded_a to_o each_o mark_n in_o the_o little_a one_o how_o far_o it_o be_v expanded_a in_o the_o large_a one_o we_o may_v learn_v how_o much_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v for_o the_o future_a by_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o leg_n of_o that_o large_a gage_n and_o this_o gage_n be_v much_o more_o useful_a than_o some_o other_o first_o because_o the_o mercury_n be_v a_o heavy_a body_n the_o air_n by_o expand_v itself_o be_v less_o apt_a to_o make_v it_o run_v over_o or_o to_o make_v its_o way_n in_o the_o form_n of_o bubble_n through_o the_o mercurial_a cylinder_n as_o it_o will_v if_o other_o fluid_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o it_o second_o the_o long_a leg_n of_o the_o gage_n be_v to_o be_v mark_v by_o stick_v wax_n or_o knob_n of_o glass_n to_o the_o pipe_n every_o ten_o be_v of_o a_o different_a colour_n from_o the_o rest_n at_o equal_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o which_o division_n will_v be_v less_o subject_a to_o be_v rub_v off_o than_o paper_n which_o be_v also_o subject_a in_o some_o experiment_n to_o be_v wet_a three_o the_o leg_n of_o the_o syphon_n in_o which_o the_o air_n be_v include_v may_v be_v either_o seal_v up_o before_o it_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o aforementioned_a mark_n or_o after_o by_o draw_v out_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tube_n into_o a_o small_a apex_n and_o when_o about_o a_o inch_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v fill_v with_o air_n it_o may_v be_v seal_v up_o by_o blow_v a_o lamp_n horizontal_o upon_o the_o apex_n four_o where_o very_o nice_a observation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o the_o receiver_n admit_v of_o a_o long_a gage_n instead_o of_o mercury_n we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o rose_n or_o of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n with_o cocheneel_v in_o which_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n will_v be_v more_o nice_o represent_v five_o we_o may_v vary_v the_o mercurial_a gage_n by_o order_v the_o short_a leg_n so_o that_o it_o may_v have_v a_o bubble_n about_o half_a a_o inch_n diameter_n at_o a_o inch_n distance_n from_o the_o basis_n of_o that_o leg_n which_o bubble_n must_v have_v a_o pipe_n upon_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o air_n which_o bubble_n have_v this_o advantage_n above_o the_o other_o that_o less_o air_n may_v be_v contain_v in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n since_o the_o mercury_n not_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v raise_v so_o high_a the_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o include_v air_n will_v be_v render_v more_o apt_a to_o be_v estimate_v by_o the_o eye_n six_o this_o gage_n be_v much_o more_o useful_a than_o those_o mention_v by_o other_o author_n because_o it_o give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o air_n be_v rarefaction_n experiment_n xx._n a_o easy_a way_n to_o make_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n sensible_a to_o the_o touch._n touch._n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n sensible_a to_o the_o touch._n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n will_v be_v make_v sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n if_o a_o taper_a tube_n of_o brass_n who_o cavity_n at_o one_o end_n be_v a_o inch_n and_o the_o other_o two_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a be_v fix_v to_o the_o pump_n instead_o of_o a_o receiver_n for_o if_o when_o the_o large_a orifice_n be_v cement_v on_o the_o pump_n one_o press_v the_o palm_n of_o one_o hand_n upon_o the_o small_a orifice_n and_o the_o pump_n be_v set_v on_o work_n it_o will_v be_v a_o difficult_a matter_n to_o take_v off_o one_o hand_n and_o not_o a_o little_a painful_a but_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o incumbent_a atmosphere_n will_v have_v a_o much_o more_o sensible_a effect_n if_o the_o large_a orifice_n be_v upward_o instead_o of_o the_o small_a experiment_n xxi_o about_o the_o subside_v of_o mercury_n in_o the_o tube_n of_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n to_o the_o level_n with_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o bolt-head_n be_v circular_o cut_v off_o we_o make_v use_v of_o it_o for_o a_o receiver_n include_v a_o baroscope_n in_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o first_o exsuction_n the_o mercury_n subside_v from_o 29_o inch_n to_o 9_o or_o 10_o and_o by_o three_o exsuction_n more_o will_v be_v bring_v to_o a_o level_n with_o the_o stagnant_a mercury_n but_o will_v rise_v to_o its_o first_o station_n again_o as_o the_o air_n be_v admit_v in_o flower_n or_o fast_o in_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v first_o
with_o steel_n afford_v spark_n of_o fire_n much_o big_a than_o those_o that_o be_v usual_o strike_v from_o flint_n whereas_o two_o cubial_a piece_n of_o loadstone_n be_v strike_v together_o afford_v spark_n but_o not_o so_o large_a as_o the_o former_a experiment_n v._n if_o a_o oblong_a loadstone_n be_v cool_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n the_o low_a end_n become_v its_o northern_a pole_n yet_o if_o that_o end_v instead_o of_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n be_v cool_v whilst_o rest_v on_o the_o northern_a pole_n of_o a_o strong_a loadstone_n it_o will_v be_v the_o southern_a pole_n and_o will_v attract_v the_o north_n end_v of_o a_o needle_n experiment_n vi._n if_o a_o loadstone_n which_o have_v lose_v its_o attractive_a virtue_n be_v heat_v red_a hot_a and_o cool_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n upon_o the_o north_n pole_n of_o a_o vigorous_a loadstone_n and_o continue_v there_o for_o some_o time_n the_o attractive_a virtue_n be_v renew_v experiment_n vii_o a_o loadstone_n that_o have_v lose_v its_o attractive_a virtue_n by_o ignition_n will_v not_o acquire_v so_o durable_a a_o attractive_a virtue_n by_o be_v apply_v cold_a as_o hot_a to_o a_o loadstone_n n._n b._n though_o several_a loadstone_n lose_v their_o attractive_a virtue_n by_o ignition_n yet_o the_o observation_n do_v not_o hold_v in_o all_o since_o english_a once_o not_o only_o retain_v a_o directive_n but_o a_o attractive_a virtue_n after_o it_o experiment_n viii_o have_v heat_v two_o loadstone_n red_a hot_a and_o place_v they_o upon_o a_o plate_n of_o silver_n we_o find_v that_o as_o they_o grow_v cold_a it_o have_v a_o more_o sensible_a operation_n on_o they_o experiment_n ix_o we_o observe_v that_o one_o of_o the_o two_o magnet_n just_o now_o mention_v not_o only_o retain_v something_o of_o its_o magnetical_a quality_n when_o twice_o ignite_v but_o be_v thrust_v into_o file_n of_o steel_n carry_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o they_o up_o with_o it_o which_o show_v how_o firm_o the_o quality_n of_o some_o magnet_n be_v lodge_v in_o it_o experiment_n x._o but_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o magnet_n which_o will_v thus_o carry_v file_n of_o steel_n along_o with_o it_o be_v heat_v again_o and_o sudden_o immerse_v in_o water_n when_o cool_a will_v not_o carry_v file_n of_o steel_n along_o with_o it_o as_o before_z nor_o will_v not_o move_v a_o well-poised_a needle_n except_o hold_v near_o to_o the_o point_n of_o it_o experiment_n xi_o a_o oblong_a loadstone_n of_o a_o black_a colour_n which_o weigh_v about_o three_o drachm_n by_o be_v keep_v some_o time_n in_o a_o charcoal_n fire_n lose_v much_o of_o its_o colour_n and_o about_o â…š_n of_o a_o grain_n in_o weight_n and_o to_o discover_v the_o affinity_n betwixt_o a_o loadstone_n and_o iron_n over_o i_o take_v a_o lump_n of_o it_o which_o be_v almost_o like_o white_a stone_n and_o observe_v that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o manifest_o move_v a_o needle_n but_o when_o ignite_v undergo_v a_o sensible_a change_n in_o colour_n and_o will_v attract_v the_o north_n end_v of_o a_o needle_n experiment_n xii_o to_o prove_v that_o some_o body_n not_o usual_o class_v among_o magnetical_a one_o have_v nevertheless_o magnetical_a quality_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o a_o brick_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o oblong_a piece_n and_o heat_v in_o the_o fire_n acquire_v a_o verticity_n by_o cool_a north_n and_o south_n it_o be_v southward_o end_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n able_a to_o draw_v the_o north_n point_v of_o a_o mariner_n needle_n which_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o brick_n will_v drive_v away_o experiment_n xiii_o have_v without_o the_o help_n of_o iron_n instrument_n powder_v a_o black_a loadstone_n and_o pour_v spirit_n of_o salt_n upon_o the_o fine_a powder_n it_o cause_v such_o a_o ebullition_n as_o usual_o succeed_v the_o effusion_n of_o that_o liquor_n upon_o file_n of_o iron_n and_o likewise_o raise_v fetid_v fume_n and_o be_v keep_v for_o about_o two_o night_n in_o digestion_n extract_v a_o strong_a tincture_n be_v almost_o red_a and_o not_o green_a like_o that_o of_o mars_n yet_o will_v like_o that_o of_o iron_n turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n black_a which_o in_o several_a position_n will_v appear_v blue_a and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o solution_n of_o loadstone_n be_v make_v in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la the_o tincture_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n experiment_n fourteen_o have_v powder_v a_o ignited_a loadstone_n and_o digest_v spirit_n of_o salt_n upon_o it_o it_o extract_v a_o tincture_n which_o be_v much_o like_o that_o of_o trouble_a gold_n and_o will_v turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n black_a this_o tincture_n be_v evaporate_v will_v not_o shoot_v into_o crystal_n but_o upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n yield_v a_o precipitate_v much_o resemble_v a_o solution_n of_o vitriol_n whereas_o another_o part_n of_o it_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o fermented_a urine_n afford_v a_o yellowish_a red_n precipitate_v experiment_n xv._o have_v wet_a a_o red_a mineral_n which_o i_o suspect_v to_o be_v iron_n over_o with_o linseed_n oil_n and_o preserve_v the_o powder_n in_o a_o red_a hot_a crucible_n for_o about_o two_o hour_n it_o be_v turn_v black_a and_o when_o cool_a have_v acquire_v a_o magnetical_a virtue_n which_o another_o portion_n of_o it_o do_v though_o it_o be_v not_o as_o the_o other_o wet_a with_o that_o oil_n chap._n xxv_o experiment_n and_o note_n about_o the_o mechaninal_a origin_n and_o production_n of_o electricity_n electricity_n of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o electricity_n though_o electricity_n be_v a_o quality_n general_o reckon_v among_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o be_v term_v occult_a one_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o ascribe_v it_o to_o the_o power_n of_o a_o substantial_a form_n since_o it_o may_v be_v mechanical_o produce_v by_o material_a effluvium_n issue_v from_o and_o return_v to_o the_o electrical_a body_n assist_v in_o its_o operation_n by_o the_o external_n air._n there_o be_v several_a modern_a hypothesis_n which_o endeavour_v to_o account_v for_o electricity_n as_o the_o learned_a cabeus_n who_o suppose_v that_o the_o steam_n of_o the_o electrical_a body_n discuss_v and_o expel_v the_o ambient_fw-la air_n that_o when_o drive_v off_o be_v violent_o oppose_v by_o the_o atmospherical_a air_n and_o be_v drive_v back_o upon_o the_o body_n say_v to_o be_v attract_v force_v it_o up_o to_o the_o electrical_a body_n another_o hypothesis_n propose_v by_o the_o ingenious_a sir_n kenelm_n digby_n and_o embrace_v by_o dr._n brown_n and_o several_a other_o be_v that_o the_o electrick_a body_n be_v rub_v emit_v unctuous_a steam_n which_o be_v cool_v by_o the_o external_n air_n shrink_v back_o and_o carry_v along_o with_o they_o those_o light_a body_n which_o lie_v in_o their_o way_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v gassendus_fw-la who_o suppose_v these_o unctuous_a steam_n to_o cross_v each_o other_o and_o by_o get_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o straw_n and_o other_o attract_a body_n take_v fast_o hold_v of_o they_o and_o when_o they_o shrink_v back_o draw_v those_o body_n along_o with_o they_o cartesius_n reject_v these_o hypothesis_n supplant_v another_o which_o i_o can_v in_o few_o word_n lay_v down_o but_o all_o the_o reason_n he_o reject_v they_o be_v because_o he_o suppose_v glass_n incapable_a of_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la it_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o remove_v that_o difficulty_n to_o observe_v that_o if_o two_o piece_n of_o glass_n be_v rub_v together_o they_o emit_v odorous_a and_o sometime_o very_o stink_v effluvia_fw-la but_o without_o take_v any_o further_a notice_n of_o what_o modern_n have_v lay_v down_o about_o electricity_n since_o they_o allow_v it_o to_o be_v perform_v by_o virtue_n of_o subtle_a emanation_n from_o the_o attract_v body_n it_o may_v suffice_v that_o i_o proceed_v to_o mention_v some_o phenomena_n that_o make_v we_o probable_o believe_v it_o do_v by_o virtue_n of_o mechanical_a affection_n either_o of_o the_o attract_v body_n or_o both_o and_o first_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o most_o if_o not_o all_o electrical_a body_n attract_v not_o till_o warm_v by_o which_o heat_n they_o be_v enable_v to_o send_v forth_o eufflvia_n second_o amber_n attract_v most_o vigorous_o when_o warm_v by_o rub_v and_o chafe_v by_o which_o action_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o effluvia_fw-la as_o well_o as_o of_o its_o internal_a part_n be_v more_o agreeable_o modify_v than_o by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n but_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o amber_n be_v first_o put_v into_o motion_n by_o the_o fire_n and_o then_o modify_v by_o chafe_v it_o soon_o become_v electrical_a three_o tersion_n as_o well_o as_o chafe_v promote_v electricity_n by_o remove_v those_o body_n which_o may_v choke_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o amber_n and_o obstruct_v the_o efflux_n of_o emanation_n by_o stick_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o