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A19628 Mikrokosmographia a description of the body of man. Together vvith the controuersies thereto belonging. Collected and translated out of all the best authors of anatomy, especially out of Gasper Bauhinus and Andreas Laurentius. By Helkiah Crooke Doctor of Physicke, physitian to His Maiestie, and his Highnesse professor in anatomy and chyrurgerie. Published by the Kings Maiesties especiall direction and warrant according to the first integrity, as it was originally written by the author. Crooke, Helkiah, 1576-1635.; Bauhin, Caspar, 1560-1624. De corporis humani fabrica.; Du Laurens, André, 1558-1609. Historia anatomica humani corporis. 1615 (1615) STC 6062; ESTC S107278 1,591,635 874

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book_n de_fw-fr naturapueri_fw-la he_o determine_v that_o the_o ten_o month_n be_v the_o long_a limit_n of_o gestation_n within_o ten_o month_n at_o the_o further_a computation_n 11._o month-birth_n controvert_v how_o woman_n be_v deceive_v in_o their_o computation_n say_v he_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v but_o those_o woman_n who_o think_v they_o go_v unto_o the_o eleven_o month_n be_v deceive_v in_o the_o number_n of_o day_n and_o computation_n of_o the_o time_n of_o their_o conception_n for_o sometime_o the_o womb_n be_v distend_v with_o wind_n and_o breed_v a_o false_a conceit_n of_o their_o be_v with_o child_n oftentimesupon_o the_o suppression_n of_o their_o course_n their_o belly_n swell_v and_o they_o think_v they_o be_v conceive_v make_v their_o account_n from_o the_o time_n of_o that_o suppression_n aristotle_n who_o indeed_o take_v all_o that_o he_o write_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o creature_n only_o from_o hypocrates_n and_o yet_o ungrateful_a man_n as_o he_o be_v never_o make_v mention_n of_o he_o reprove_v master_n aristotle_n unthankful_a to_o hippolito_n his_o good_a master_n those_o woman_n who_o say_v they_o have_v bear_v their_o child_n eleven_o and_o twelve_o month_n the_o beginning_n say_v he_o of_o conception_n most_o woman_n be_v ignorant_a off_o especial_o if_o they_o couple_v and_o conceive_v when_o before_o their_o womb_n be_v distend_v with_o wind_n for_o than_o they_o esteem_v that_o they_o have_v conceive_v when_o their_o belly_n begin_v to_o be_v distend_v whereas_o indeed_o they_o be_v first_o distend_v with_o wind_n and_o afterward_o conceive_v for_o hypocrates_n determine_v that_o the_o ten_o month_n be_v the_o utmost_a limit_n of_o gestation_n and_o vlpianus_n the_o lawyer_n admit_v no_o child_n to_o the_o inheritance_n who_o be_v bear_v after_o the_o ten_o month_n but_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la and_o octimestripartu_fw-la he_o acknowledge_v the_o 11._o
many_o do_v wonder_n why_o see_v all_o day_n why_o it_o be_v not_o purge_v every_o day_n other_o excrement_n be_v evacuate_v every_o day_n this_o blood_n which_o be_v the_o excrement_n of_o the_o last_o aliment_n shall_v be_v avoid_v but_o once_o in_o a_o month_n the_o thick_a excrement_n of_o the_o first_o concoction_n as_o they_o be_v daily_o generate_v so_o they_o be_v daily_o avoid_v the_o choler_n be_v every_o day_n thrust_v out_o of_o the_o liver_n into_o the_o bladder_n of_o the_o gall_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o duodenum_fw-la the_o urine_n be_v daily_o transcolate_v from_o the_o kidney_n unto_o the_o bladder_n of_o urine_n so_o likewise_o the_o excrement_n of_o the_o three_o concoction_n ay_o those_o of_o the_o habit_n of_o the_o body_n be_v spend_v by_o sweat_v breathe_a &_o insensible_a transpiration_n by_o the_o hair_n and_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o skin_n those_o of_o the_o brain_n by_o the_o palate_n by_o the_o nostril_n the_o ear_n and_o the_o eye_n those_o of_o the_o chest_n by_o cough_v why_o therefore_o be_v not_o the_o menstrual_a blood_n every_o day_n evacuate_v see_v it_o have_v a_o continual_a generation_n this_o i_o think_v be_v to_o be_v attribute_v only_o to_o the_o singular_a providence_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o the_o final_a cause_n the_o most_o excellent_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n for_o if_o the_o blood_n be_v every_o day_n purge_v away_o reason_n the_o true_a reason_n by_o the_o womb_n then_o can_v woman_n never_o conceive_v with_o child_n neither_o yet_o any_o man_n have_v due_a and_o comfortable_a use_n of_o a_o woman_n first_o conception_n will_v be_v hinder_v because_o the_o seed_n pour_v out_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o womb_n will_v either_o fall_v back_o or_o be_v extinguish_v the_o coat_n of_o the_o womb_n be_v irrigate_v moisten_v and_o as_o it_o be_v inebriate_v or_o make_v drink_v by_o the_o daily_a affluence_n of_o the_o blood_n so_o say_v hypocrates_n in_o the_o 62_o aphorism_n of_o the_o first_o section_n those_o woman_n that_o have_v moist_a womb_n do_v not_o conceive_v because_o their_o geniture_n be_v extinguish_v beside_o what_o pleasure_n or_o contentment_n can_v any_o man_n find_v in_o a_o wife_n so_o lothsom_o defile_v and_o that_o perpetual_o it_o be_v not_o therefore_o fit_a for_o the_o accomplishment_n of_o the_o intention_n of_o nature_n that_o a_o woman_n blood_n shall_v issue_v every_o day_n but_o only_o at_o certain_a and_o definite_a time_n and_o circuit_n to_o wit_n once_o every_o month_n but_o why_o this_o excretion_n shall_v be_v make_v every_o month_n no_o often_o nor_o more_o seldom_o be_v month_n why_o it_o be_v purge_v every_o month_n a_o great_a question_n and_o i_o assure_v you_o very_o full_a of_o difficulty_n aristotle_n in_o the_o 2._o and_o 4._o the_o generatione_n animalium_fw-la refer_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o periodicall_a or_o certain_a evacuation_n to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o say_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o wane_n woman_n course_n do_v especial_a opinion_n aristo_n opinion_n flow_v because_o at_o that_o time_n the_o aer_fw-la be_v cold_a and_o moist_a from_o whence_o come_v the_o increase_n and_o abundance_n of_o that_o cold_a and_o crude_a humour_n but_o aristotle_n be_v by_o some_o herein_o reprehend_v because_o in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n all_o thing_n be_v most_o moist_a as_o appear_v by_o shelfish_n oyster_n and_o such_o like_a the_o peripatetike_n answer_v that_o there_o be_v a_o double_a humidity_n one_o vivisicall_a or_o lively_a the_o other_o excrementitious_a the_o first_o be_v increase_v in_o the_o full_a of_o the_o moon_n because_o then_o there_o be_v more_o light_n the_o second_o be_v increase_v in_o the_o wane_n because_o then_o the_o aer_fw-la be_v cold_o now_o menstrual_a blood_n be_v generate_v by_o a_o weak_a heat_n the_o arabian_n think_v there_o be_v diverse_a time_n of_o this_o purgation_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n opinion_n the_o arabian_n opinion_n of_o woman_n age_n young_a woman_n say_v they_o be_v purge_v in_o the_o new_a moon_n and_o old_a woman_n in_o the_o old_a moon_n whence_o come_v that_o common_a verse_n luna_fw-la vetus_fw-la vetulas_fw-la invenes_n nova_fw-la luna_fw-la repurgat_fw-la young_a woman_n in_o the_o new_a moon_n purge_v old_a woman_n in_o the_o wane_n some_o there_o be_v who_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o circuit_n and_o monthly_a evacuation_n to_o the_o propriety_n of_o the_o month_n as_o if_o the_o month_n have_v a_o peculiar_a power_n to_o purge_v the_o course_n as_o the_o day_n have_v to_o purge_v the_o ordinary_a excrement_n and_o for_o this_o we_o may_v allege_v a_o notable_a testimony_n of_o hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la where_o he_o say_v in_o the_o month_n the_o same_o hypocrates_n a_o strange_a place_n in_o hypocrates_n thing_n be_v do_v by_o certain_a and_o right_a reason_n which_o be_v do_v in_o day_n for_o every_o month_n hail_n woman_n have_v their_o course_n as_o if_o the_o month_n have_v a_o peculiar_a power_n and_o efficacy_n in_o their_o body_n we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o moon_n have_v great_a power_n over_o inferior_a body_n but_o that_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o the_o critical_a day_n and_o of_o this_o menstrual_a evacuation_n shall_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o can_v never_o yet_o persuade_v myself_o that_o many_o thing_n be_v dispense_v by_o number_n and_o by_o month_n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o to_o attribute_v any_o operative_a power_n to_o quantity_n and_o to_o number_n as_o it_o be_v number_n i_o think_v be_v unworthy_a upon_o what_o we_o resolve_v upon_o of_o a_o philosopher_n it_o be_v more_o wisdom_n to_o refer_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o periodicall_a evacuation_n to_o the_o determinate_a motion_n and_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n to_o we_o unknown_a which_o yet_o she_o never_o break_v or_o abrogate_v but_o keep_v immutable_a and_o inviolable_a unless_o she_o be_v either_o provoke_v or_o hinder_v for_o when_o she_o be_v provoke_v she_o antivert_v or_o hasten_v the_o excretion_n avoid_v the_o blood_n before_o her_o own_o time_n so_o whereas_o the_o seven_o day_n be_v only_o provoke_v how_o nature_n be_v provoke_v true_o critical_a yet_o nature_n indevour_v vacuation_n sometime_o in_o the_o day_n between_o yea_o &_o accomplish_v they_o because_o of_o some_o provocation_n come_v from_o without_o that_o be_v beside_o her_o own_o lawful_a contention_n again_o be_v hinder_v either_o by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o passage_n or_o by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o humour_n she_o oftentimes_o procrastinate_v and_o delay_v hinder_v how_o hinder_v their_o accustom_a evacuation_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o some_o woman_n the_o course_n flow_v twice_o in_o a_o month_n in_o some_o scarce_o before_o every_o forty_o day_n but_o why_o the_o blood_n shall_v flow_v from_o the_o womb_n rather_o once_o every_o month_n then_o twice_o or_o why_o the_o seven_o day_n shall_v rather_o be_v critical_a than_o the_o six_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v above_o the_o capacity_n of_o humane_a wit_n hypocrates_n very_o promise_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr principiis_fw-la to_o make_v manifest_a the_o necessity_n of_o nature_n why_o she_o dispense_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o seven_o day_n but_o i_o think_v he_o be_v dissuade_v promise_n hypocrates_n promise_n by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o business_n and_o therefore_o no_o where_n perform_v that_o promise_n wherefore_o see_v he_o that_o best_o can_v dare_v not_o adventure_v upon_o it_o we_o will_v also_o ingenuous_o keep_v not_o keep_v confess_v our_o ignorance_n and_o rank_n these_o secret_n among_o those_o mystery_n of_o nature_n which_o she_o reserve_v only_o to_o herself_o to_o teach_v we_o not_o only_o in_o this_o but_o in_o other_o thing_n to_o observe_v her_o administration_n the_o better_a and_o to_o suspect_v our_o own_o weakness_n for_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o most_o abject_a and_o base_a thing_n of_o the_o world_n there_o be_v some_o secret_n of_o nature_n whereof_o either_o we_o be_v know_v all_o secret_n of_o nature_n not_o to_o be_v know_v not_o at_o all_o capable_a or_o not_o yet_o sufficient_o instruct_v and_o thus_o much_o concern_v that_o other_o principle_n of_o generation_n the_o mother_n blood_n now_o it_o follow_v that_o we_o come_v unto_o the_o conception_n wherein_o also_o we_o shall_v find_v some_o difficulty_n worthy_a the_o discuss_n qvest._n xi_o whether_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o conception_n that_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o sex_n shall_v issue_v together_o and_o that_o with_o pleasure_n and_o be_v present_o mingle_v we_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o both_o the_o seed_n as_o well_o the_o father_n as_o the_o mother_n be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a generation_n but_o whether_o they_o ought_v both_o at_o ejaculation_n auerrhoes_n opinion_n of_o the_o ejaculation_n once_o to_o be_v
some_o of_o the_o interpreter_n that_o they_o may_v avoid_v these_o snare_n have_v disallow_v of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o hypocrates_n own_v at_o least_o they_o bold_o affirm_v that_o this_o place_n be_v corrupt_v but_o we_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v as_o confident_a that_o it_o be_v true_o hippocraticall_a legitimate_a that_o hippoc._n book_n de_fw-fr sept._n partu_fw-la be_v legitimate_a for_o not_o only_a galen_n comment_v upon_o it_o a_o few_o fragment_n of_o who_o labour_n remain_v to_o this_o day_n but_o also_o the_o lawyer_n of_o that_o time_n when_o learning_n do_v most_o flourish_v at_o ●ome_o and_o athens_n do_v translate_v this_o very_a sentence_n according_a as_o we_o at_o this_o day_n read_v it_o into_o the_o number_n of_o their_o sanction_n wherefore_o these_o diverse_a not_o contrary_a place_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o day_n we_o will_v thus_o reconcile_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o seven_o month_n be_v very_o great_a neither_o be_v the_o seaventh-moneth_n birth_n interpret_v hip._n interpret_v always_o bring_v into_o the_o world_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o day_n there_o be_v a_o seven_o month_n beginning_n and_o a_o seven_o month_n perfect_v the_o beginning_n consist_v of_o a_o hundred_o &_o eighty_o day_n &_o a_o part_n the_o perfection_n consist_v of_o two_o hundred_o &_o ten_o day_n before_o a_o hundred_o eighty_o two_o day_n no_o infant_n suruive_v so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o first_o limit_n of_o the_o seven_o month_n after_o two_o hundred_o and_o ten_o day_n it_o be_v no_o more_o call_v a_o seventh-month_n but_o a_o eight-month_n birth_n the_o first_o birth_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o seven_o month_n be_v indeed_o vital_a yet_o very_o languid_a and_o weak_a the_o latter_a be_v very_o strong_a wherefore_o hypocrates_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v express_v only_o the_o two_o extreme_a time_n of_o the_o seaventh-month_n birth_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o first_o and_o the_o last_o the_o middle_a time_n he_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o as_o of_o two_o hundred_o &_o four_o day_n because_o they_o be_v sufficient_o know_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o extreme_a unto_o birth_n the_o utmost_a time_n of_o the_o seven-month_n birth_n which_o they_o approach_v the_o near_a and_o this_o be_v not_o my_o interpretation_n of_o hypocrates_n but_o hypocrates_n own_o for_o as_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr octimestripartu_n he_o call_v those_o decimestre_n not_o only_o who_o accomplish_v ten_o whole_a month_n but_o also_o that_o reach_n a_o few_o day_n within_o the_o ten_o month_n so_o those_o be_v call_v septimestre_n who_o beside_o six_o full_a month_n do_v attain_v some_o day_n of_o the_o seven_o and_o yet_o more_o plain_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr alimento_n after_o he_o have_v describe_v the_o septimestre_n octimester_n nonimestre_n and_o decimestres_fw-mi partus_fw-la at_o length_n he_o break_v out_o into_o these_o word_n in_o these_o month_n be_v beget_v or_o rather_o breed_v more_o and_o few_o according_a unto_o the_o whole_a and_o the_o part_n that_o be_v either_o in_o a_o part_n of_o the_o month_n or_o in_o the_o whole_a and_o full_a month_n and_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr septimestri_fw-la partu_fw-la he_o say_v that_o the_o five_o month_n which_o come_v between_o the_o first_o and_o the_o seven_o must_v be_v number_v whole_a but_o the_o first_o and_o the_o seven_o it_o skill_v not_o much_o though_o they_o be_v imperfect_a so_o in_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o critical_a day_n those_o day_n which_o go_v before_o the_o crisis_n must_v be_v account_v whole_a but_o the_o critical_a day_n itself_o wherein_o nature_n endeavour_v the_o crisis_n have_v a_o great_a latitude_n for_o a_o crisis_n yea_o a_o happy_a and_o prosperous_a one_o may_v fall_v out_o in_o the_o beginning_n perfect_a the_o intermediate_v day_n &_o month_n be_v only_o perfect_a in_o the_o midst_n or_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o seven_o or_o the_o fourteen_o day_n wherefore_o those_o month_n which_o go_v before_o the_o birth_n must_v be_v all_o account_v whole_a except_v the_o first_o again_o the_o very_a month_n of_o the_o birth_n which_o be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n for_o account_n with_o the_o critical_a day_n have_v two_o extreme_n and_o many_o intermediate_v time_n in_o any_o of_o which_o if_o the_o infant_n be_v bear_v he_o may_v suruive_v and_o thus_o i_o think_v you_o may_v clear_v yourself_o out_o of_o the_o thorny_a and_o intricate_a passage_n of_o month_n and_o day_n in_o the_o computation_n of_o the_o legitimate_a or_o illegitimate_a time_n of_o the_o birth_n qvest._n xxxi_o what_o be_v the_o universal_a and_o particular_a cause_n of_o the_o birth_n democritus_n a_o great_a philosopher_n of_o his_o time_n complain_v that_o the_o truth_n be_v drown_v in_o a_o deep_a well_o the_o pyrronij_n or_o sceptic_a philosopher_n think_v that_o all_o aristotle_n democritus_n the_o septicke_n aristotle_n thing_n be_v uncertain_a and_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v determinate_o know_v aristotle_n the_o father_n of_o the_o school_n of_o philosopher_n say_v that_o the_o certain_a and_o natural_a cause_n of_o all_o thing_n natural_a be_v only_o know_v to_o philosopher_n which_o before_o philosophy_n itself_o be_v bear_v our_o admire_a master_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr aere_fw-la aquis_fw-la &_o locis_fw-la have_v thus_o express_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nothing_o in_o nature_n be_v do_v without_o hypocrates_n hypocrates_n nature_n that_o be_v without_o a_o natural_a cause_n these_o cause_n if_o any_o man_n with_o heraclitus_n shall_v deny_v he_o shall_v not_o only_o entangle_v himself_o in_o a_o thousand_o labyrinth_n of_o absurdity_n but_o also_o for_o feite_v heraclitus_n heraclitus_n all_o knowledge_n and_o assure_a demonstration_n for_o to_o know_v say_v the_o philosopher_n be_v to_o understand_v the_o cause_n of_o thing_n see_v therefore_o the_o birth_n be_v a_o natural_a action_n and_o that_o the_o time_n thereof_o be_v very_o different_a it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a in_o this_o place_n to_o enlarge_v ourselves_o in_o the_o disquisition_n of_o the_o cause_n thereof_o the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o the_o birth_n be_v some_o of_o they_o universal_a other_o particular_a the_o universal_a cause_n be_v common_a not_o only_o to_o man_n but_o also_o to_o all_o creature_n and_o some_o of_o then_o birth_n the_o universal_a cause_n of_o the_o birth_n be_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o birth_n other_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o matrix_fw-la or_o womb_n because_o the_o birth_n proceed_v from_o a_o equal_a contention_n of_o the_o birth_n and_o the_o bearer_n the_o cause_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o birth_n hypocrates_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la pveri_fw-la elegant_o express_v to_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o both_o sort_n of_o aliment_n spirituous_a and_o solid_a on_o this_o manner_n when_o the_o infant_n become_v large_a and_o strong_a the_o mother_n can_v supply_v it_o with_o fit_a and_o sufficient_a aliment_n which_o while_o it_o seek_v with_o often_o kick_v it_o break_v the_o membrane_n and_o be_v unloose_a from_o those_o band_n yssu_v forth_o infant_n on_o the_o partof_o the_o infant_n the_o mola_n or_o moon_n calf_n may_v be_v carry_v in_o the_o womb_n many_o year_n because_o it_o be_v neither_o nourish_v nor_o do_v transpire_v wherefore_o desire_v neither_o aliment_n nor_o air_n it_o be_v still_o retain_v womb_n why_o the_o mola_n and_o many_o monster_n lie_v long_o in_o the_o womb_n there_o be_v engender_v oftentimes_o in_o the_o womb_n of_o woman_n monster_n and_o creature_n of_o diverse_a kind_n as_o serpent_n and_o mould-warps_a which_o because_o they_o have_v little_a blood_n have_v also_o little_a heat_n and_o be_v content_v with_o transpiration_n alone_o do_v lurk_v many_o year_n in_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o womb_n neither_o will_v ever_o issue_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n unless_o they_o be_v drive_v forth_o either_o by_o the_o contention_n of_o the_o womb_n or_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o physician_n the_o want_n therefore_o of_o nourishment_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o birth_n there_o be_v also_o another_o universal_a cause_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n for_o the_o womb_n have_v hippocratci_fw-la the_o universal_a cause_n of_o the_o birth_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o womb_n hippocratci_fw-la a_o determinate_a quantity_n &_o magnitude_n beyond_o which_o it_o can_v be_v extend_v when_o once_o upon_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o infant_n it_o be_v come_v to_o that_o extent_n it_o labour_v to_o lay_v down_o the_o burden_n whereby_o it_o be_v oppress_v and_o according_a hereto_o hypocrates_n say_v in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr morbis_fw-la mulierum_fw-la that_o abortment_n do_v happen_v when_o the_o womb_n be_v too_o little_a that_o be_v when_o the_o infant_n be_v so_o increase_v that_o it_o can_v be_v no_o long_o contain_v in_o the_o womb_n the_o