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hard_a to_o be_v draw_v up_o but_o likewise_o their_o root_n when_o set_v again_o must_v of_o necessity_n though_o a_o great_a part_n be_v cut_v off_o be_v thrust_v down_o very_o deep_a into_o the_o earth_n and_o then_o such_o spread_v their_o root_n deep_a for_o they_o thrust_v their_o young_a root_n from_o the_o low_a part_n where_o the_o root_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o so_o they_o neither_o have_v so_o good_a nourishment_n from_o the_o earth_n as_o spread_v below_o the_o best_a soil_n nor_o be_v they_o so_o easy_o to_o be_v transplant_v when_o they_o be_v ready_a as_o those_o other_o which_o be_v draw_v the_o first_o year_n and_o set_v very_o small_a as_o before_o this_o be_v very_o considerable_a and_o therefore_o observe_v it_o i_o undergo_v great_a inconvenience_n when_o i_o come_v to_o remove_v some_o before_o i_o find_v out_o this_o observation_n now_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o inoculate_v and_o graft_v these_o plant_n be_v thus_o prepare_v and_o grow_v fit_a first_o concern_v 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in_o length_n be_v cover_v with_o mould_n bind_v not_o many_o together_o for_o if_o so_o those_o in_o the_o middle_n will_v dry_v and_o be_v spoil_v in_o certain_a day_n but_o lay_v they_o thin_a in_o the_o mould_n or_o they_o may_v be_v graft_v immediate_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v get_v graft_v none_o but_o those_o of_o one_o year_n growth_n only_o the_o last_o year_n sprout_v the_o fair_a and_o thick_a be_v best_a they_o may_v be_v carry_v many_o mile_n be_v bind_v up_o close_o from_o end_n to_o end_v in_o a_o hayband_n or_o better_a in_o a_o box_n of_o mould_n or_o their_o end_n stick_v in_o clay_n and_o wrap_v about_o that_o they_o bruise_v not_o graft_v that_o this_o work_n
will_v rise_v and_o take_v heed_n of_o beginning_n too_o soon_o with_o any_o bud_n before_o they_o have_v attain_v a_o sufficient_a strength_n and_o growth_n some_o will_v not_o be_v fit_a to_o inoculate_v until_o august_n and_o so_o all_o that_o month_n upon_o some_o frim_a sappy_a stock_n that_o this_o business_n may_v be_v do_v to_o good_a purpose_n it_o must_v be_v consider_v whether_o the_o bud_n we_o mean_v to_o get_v be_v sufficient_o grow_v or_o not_o they_o must_v not_o be_v too_o young_a &_o tender_a and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o some_o kind_n of_o tree_n have_v bud_n ready_a soon_o than_o other_o as_o the_o aprecott_n especial_o and_o those_o that_o shoot_v strong_o let_v then_o the_o big_a and_o strong_a shoot_n be_v cut_v from_o the_o tree_n that_o have_v grow_v since_o the_o spring_n to_o that_o time_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o shoot_n all_o those_o bud_n that_o be_v too_o small_a and_o tender_a and_o also_o cut_v off_o the_o leaf_n of_o the_o other_o 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fruit_n now_o in_o set_v on_o the_o bud_n first_o make_v a_o cross_n cut_v upon_o some_o smooth_a place_n of_o the_o stock_n if_o it_o be_v for_o a_o wall-tree_n then_o half_a a_o foot_n or_o a_o foot_n or_o thereabouts_o from_o the_o ground_n and_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cross_a cut_n make_v another_o straight_o down_o about_o a_o inch_n long_o only_o through_o the_o bark_n and_o with_o the_o end_n of_o a_o penknife_n raise_v up_o the_o bark_n on_o both_o side_n as_o much_o as_o to_o let_v in_o the_o small_a bud_n then_o make_v haste_n to_o prepare_v the_o bud_n for_o a_o man_n must_v be_v quick_a at_o this_o work_n else_o the_o air_n by_o sudden_a dry_v the_o bud_n and_o the_o cut-part_n of_o the_o stock_n will_v much_o hurt_v cut_v the_o bark_n on_o both_o side_n the_o bud_n and_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o and_o as_o much_o below_o the_o bud_n let_v that_o end_n which_o be_v to_o be_v downward_o be_v a_o little_a sharp_a that_o it_o may_v more_o easy_o go_v down_o between_o the_o bark_n and_o wood_n of_o the_o stock_n and_o throw_v away_o the_o bark_n on_o the_o opposite_a side_n of_o the_o bud_n then_o with_o a_o quill_n the_o one_o half_a cut_v away_o or_o a_o pen_n of_o steel_n make_v this_o for_o the_o purpose_n like_o the_o one_o half_a of_o â—_o goose-quill_n take_v off_o the_o bud_n and_o bark_n by_o put_v it_o between_o the_o bark_n and_o wood_n and_o be_v sure_a there_o be_v the_o root_n of_o the_o bud_n in_o it_o if_o there_o be_v a_o little_a hole_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bud_n within_o than_o the_o root_n be_v not_o there_o throw_v away_o that_o bud_n such_o will_v not_o grow_v but_o the_o bud_n be_v well_o take_v off_o then_o hold_v it_o by_o the_o stalk_n of_o the_o leaf_n as_o before_o be_v say_v and_o put_v it_o careful_o between_o the_o bark_n and_o the_o wood_n of_o the_o small_a plant_n prepare_v as_o before_o and_o let_v the_o top_n of_o the_o bud_n join_v close_o to_o the_o cross_a cut_n in_o the_o 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autumn_n after_o inoculate_v which_o be_v the_o sure_a way_n for_o grow_v and_o when_o these_o bud_n have_v grow_v one_o year_n or_o two_o then_o cut_v off_o the_o stock_n close_o to_o the_o bud_n and_o they_o wâ—ll_n cover_v the_o head_n as_o graft_n bud_n if_o bud_n be_v not_o ready_a at_o hand_n but_o must_v be_v fetch_v many_o mile_n in_o that_o hot_a time_n then_o special_a care_n must_v be_v take_v in_o the_o carriage_n of_o they_o thus_o be_v cut_v from_o the_o tree_n cut_v off_o the_o top_n of_o the_o branch_n and_o the_o leaf_n near_o the_o bud_n as_o before_o then_o bind_v they_o together_o and_o wrap_v they_o in_o fresh_a leaf_n or_o grass_n to_o keep_v they_o cool_v and_o they_o will_v keep_v good_a two_o or_o three_o day_n but_o yet_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n that_o may_v be_v to_o inoculate_v they_o large_a have_v graft_v or_o inoculate_v stock_n make_v one_o letter_n or_o two_o or_o write_v the_o name_n of_o the_o fruit_n at_o length_n upon_o the_o stock_n below_o the_o graft_n or_o bud_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o kind_n of_o the_o fruit_n and_o if_o any_o be_v steal_v they_o may_v thereby_o be_v know_v stock_n be_v find_v again_o it_o be_v do_v with_o the_o point_n of_o a_o penknife_n cut_v through_o the_o bark_n the_o form_n of_o a_o letter_n or_o any_o other_o figure_n or_o character_n whereby_o to_o know_v the_o kind_n of_o fruit_n and_o so_o much_o for_o inoculate_v bud_n of_o fruit_n tree_n the_o choice_n of_o right_a kind_n of_o graft_n stock_n and_o stock_n and_o the_o join_n of_o they_o together_o according_a to_o their_o nature_n be_v so_o necessary_a and_o some_o observation_n about_o they_o be_v so_o essential_a to_o the_o work_n of_o profitable_a plant_n that_o except_o they_o be_v know_v and_o practise_v man_n loose_a much_o of_o the_o profit_n they_o may_v have_v if_o right_o observe_v a_o few_o special_a direction_n in_o any_o art_n though_o consist_v but_o of_o few_o line_n contain_v â—he_n principle_n and_o essential_a part_n be_v better_o and_o more_o to_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o art_n then_o great_a volume_n upon_o the_o same_o subject_a when_o man_n as_o many_o do_v rove_v about_o upon_o unnecessary_a thing_n and_o strange_a fancy_n without_o any_o solid_a ground_n beside_o the_o life_n of_o the_o business_n if_o man_n miss_v the_o principle_n and_o essential_o of_o a_o art_n they_o discourse_v of_o it_o to_o little_a purpose_n so_o also_o in_o the_o practice_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v many_o time_n fall_v out_o that_o some_o man_n have_v labour_v much_o and_o spend_v much_o time_n and_o cost_n in_o
kind_n of_o mulberry-tree_n with_o we_o in_o england_n the_o black_a and_o the_o white_a as_o for_o the_o white_a i_o never_o see_v any_o of_o its_o fruit_n they_o very_o seldom_o bear_v well_o with_o we_o but_o the_o black_a mulberry-tree_n never_o fail_v of_o fruit_n after_o it_o be_v grow_v up_o these_o tree_n be_v not_o increase_v by_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v but_o by_o cut_n from_o the_o branch_n or_o side_n of_o the_o tree_n cut_v a_o bow_n off_o as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n arm_n and_o after_o cut_v it_o in_o small_a truncheon_n or_o piece_n a_o yard_n long_o or_o less_o lay_v these_o small_a and_o great_a in_o the_o ground_n a_o foot_n deep_a only_o the_o one_o end_n out_o of_o the_o ground_n a_o hand_n breadth_n or_o two_o or_o there_o about_o in_o good_a fat_a ground_n somewhat_o moist_a and_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o didivers_a young_a spring_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o root_n and_o plant_v at_o a_o fit_a distance_n and_o the_o old_a root_n will_v yearly_o send_v out_o more_o also_o the_o branch_n may_v be_v bow_v down_o and_o lay_v in_o the_o earth_n on_o one_o or_o several_a side_n which_o will_v take_v root_n and_o multiply_v abudant_o and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v transplant_v meddler_n meddler_n may_v be_v graft_v and_o they_o take_v well_o upon_o a_o white_a thorn_n but_o i_o much_o rather_o approve_v the_o graft_a or_o inoculate_v of_o they_o upon_o pear-stock_n and_o the_o fruit_n will_v be_v much_o better_a and_o the_o tree_n much_o large_a than_o upon_o whitethorn_n walnut-tree_n be_v propagate_v from_o the_o nut_n walnut_n which_o may_v be_v set_v from_o the_o time_n of_o ripeness_n until_o the_o spring_n a_o inch_n deep_a or_o little_o more_o and_o afterward_o transplant_v and_o set_v at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n 24._o or_o 30._o yard_n asunder_o for_o they_o be_v very_o large_a spread_a tree_n but_o if_o they_o be_v plant_v on_o the_o north_n or_o east-side_n for_o shelter_n than_o set_v they_o near_o be_v sure_a to_o choose_v of_o the_o best_a nut_n to_o set_v the_o fair_a nut_n and_o thin_a shell_n and_o good_a bearer_n thus_o much_o brief_o concern_v the_o best_a bear_v tree_n and_o how_o they_o be_v propagate_v as_o for_o those_o fruit-tree_n which_o bear_v but_o little_a or_o no_o fruit_n bearer_n by_o reason_n that_o graft_n and_o bud_n be_v not_o choose_v from_o good_a bear_v kind_n wherewith_o they_o be_v engraft_v i_o advise_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o graft_v or_o inoculate_v such_o again_o though_o great_a and_o old_a tree_n such_o who_o bough_n be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o man_n hand_n wrist_n or_o small_a may_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o graft_v in_o the_o cleave_v with_o a_o couple_n of_o good_a graft_n of_o good_a bear_v kind_n but_o such_o branch_n as_o be_v very_o great_a i_o shall_v rather_o cut_v off_o a_o convenient_a height_n from_o the_o ground_n slope-wise_a that_o no_o wet_a may_v rest_v on_o the_o top_n and_o then_o after_o a_o year_n or_o two_o to_o graft_v the_o small_a shoot_n or_o branch_n that_o be_v put_v forth_o or_o some_o of_o they_o this_o be_v a_o better_a course_n then_o to_o graft_v such_o great_a branch_n for_o that_o moisture_n will_v get_v into_o the_o top_n and_o rot_v the_o branch_n and_o perhaps_o the_o body_n too_o ere_o the_o graft_n can_v cover_v such_o great_a head_n tree_n as_o concern_v arbour_n seat_n etc._n etc._n in_o orchard_n and_o garden_n i_o advise_v man_n to_o make_v they_o of_o fruit-tree_n rather_o than_o of_o privet_fw-la or_o other_o ramble_a stuff_n which_o yield_v no_o profit_n but_o only_o for_o shade_n if_o you_o make_v they_o of_o cherrytree_n plum-tree_n or_o the_o like_a there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o advantage_n for_o shade_n and_o all_o the_o fruit_n superad_v all_o that_o can_v be_v object_v be_v that_o fruit-tree_n be_v long_o in_o grow_v up_o then_o privet_fw-la virgin-bower_n or_o the_o like_a whereof_o arbour_n be_v common_o make_v it_o be_v answer_v though_o fruit_n tree_n be_v something_o long_o in_o cover_v a_o arbour_n than_o some_o other_o thing_n yet_o they_o make_v sufficient_a amends_o in_o their_o last_a and_o bear_v fruit_n and_o beside_o such_o cherrytree_n and_o other_o kind_n may_v be_v set_v about_o the_o arbour_n as_o will_v reach_v and_o cover_v even_o the_o first_o year_n i_o shall_v now_o give_v some_o rule_n concern_v transplant_n young_a plant_n tree_n after_o a_o year_n growth_n or_o more_o whether_o inoculate_v or_o graft_v the_o time_n for_o this_o work_n in_o general_n be_v in_o autumn_n when_o tree_n have_v do_v grow_v and_o that_o be_v divers_a week_n before_o the_o leave_v fall_v stay_v not_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v till_o november_n or_o after_o before_o you_o transplant_v for_o the_o best_a time_n be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o september_n to_o begin_v and_o so_o on_o all_o the_o winter_n it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o remove_v plant_n betimes_o best_o for_o such_o grow_v a_o while_n after_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n and_o thereby_o not_o only_o preserve_v themselves_o in_o winter_n but_o also_o make_v some_o preparation_n against_o the_o spring_n which_o those_o remove_v in_o winter_n can_v do_v stay_v not_o therefore_o till_o the_o leave_n fall_v ere_o you_o remove_v although_o they_o may_v be_v remove_v then_o with_o good_a success_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o good_a at_o that_o time_n as_o before_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n be_v if_o a_o grow_a tree_n will_v have_v let_v he_o carry_v his_o green_a leave_n to_o his_o grave_n yet_o notwithstanding_o winter_n those_o that_o have_v many_o to_o transplant_v and_o can_v finish_v or_o have_v no_o leisure_n in_o this_o season_n which_o be_v best_a they_o may_v go_v on_o and_o be_v do_v even_o all_o winter_n until_o the_o very_a spring_n unless_o frost_n shut_v up_o the_o ground_n and_o notwithstanding_o frost_n or_o snow_n all_o the_o while_n if_o we_o can_v get_v into_o the_o ground_n and_o find_v the_o mould_n mellow_a so_o as_o that_o it_o will_v fall_v well_o between_o and_o about_o the_o root_n it_o be_v then_o good_a remove_v tree_n although_o the_o best_a time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v the_o time_n of_o remove_v be_v come_v and_o the_o place_n prepare_v for_o set_v they_o again_o then_o be_v careful_a in_o take_v up_o the_o plant_n dig_v round_o about_o they_o and_o take_v off_o the_o mould_n from_o their_o root_n if_o it_o be_v a_o small_a plant_n it_o may_v be_v draw_v up_o easy_o the_o mould_n be_v take_v away_o if_o it_o be_v great_a and_o the_o root_n spread_v much_o than_o they_o may_v be_v cut_v about_o half_a a_o yard_n from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n and_o the_o great_a it_o be_v the_o further_o off_o cut_v the_o root_n and_o so_o draw_v it_o up_o and_o break_v off_o all_o the_o leave_v the_o first_o thing_n you_o do_v if_o they_o be_v not_o then_o fall_v off_o for_o the_o sun_n and_o aire_n by_o mean_n of_o they_o extract_v the_o sap_n of_o the_o branch_n best_a and_o here_o observe_v that_o the_o great_a plant_n be_v not_o always_o best_o to_o transplant_v out_o of_o nursery_n into_o orchard_n though_o most_o man_n be_v for_o the_o great_a when_o they_o may_v choose_v and_o they_o think_v the_o big_a they_o be_v the_o soon_o they_o will_v make_v a_o orchard_n but_o herein_o they_o be_v much_o mistake_v for_o in_o remove_v great_a tree_n there_o be_v great_a hazard_n and_o many_o of_o they_o fail_v and_o die_v and_o other_o grow_v very_o poor_o put_v out_o only_o leave_v the_o first_o year_n or_o little_o more_o though_o some_o few_o in_o special_a good_a soil_n may_v do_v well_o i_o account_v young_a graft_v tree_n fit_a to_o remove_v tree_n when_o they_o be_v about_o two_o inch_n in_o compass_n in_o the_o body_n and_o about_o a_o yard_n and_o half_a or_o two_o yard_n high_a those_o about_o this_o bigness_n i_o judge_v to_o be_v better_a than_o such_o as_o be_v five_o or_o six_o inch_n or_o more_o in_o compass_n with_o a_o proportionable_a height_n because_o these_o can_v possible_o be_v transplant_v but_o their_o root_n must_v be_v cut_v very_o much_o in_o the_o take_n up_o and_o then_o how_o can_v those_o root_n so_o much_o cut_n be_v able_a to_o nourish_v so_o great_a a_o body_n with_o so_o many_o branch_n whereas_o young_a tree_n of_o a_o small_a size_n as_o before_o be_v mention_v these_o may_v be_v remove_v even_o with_o all_o their_o root_n which_o be_v young_a and_o small_a and_o may_v be_v spread_v in_o the_o earth_n every_o way_n when_o set_v again_o save_v only_o the_o end_n of_o the_o root_n must_v be_v a_o little_a cut_n and_o these_o young_a and_o tender_a root_n will_v soon_o shoot_v forth_o in_o the_o earth_n than_o the_o great_a sort_n especial_o also_o because_o
the_o body_n and_o branch_n be_v young_a and_o â—ender_a the_o bark_n be_v thin_a do_v more_o easy_o extend_v and_o enlarg_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o sap_n than_o the_o bark_n of_o elder_a tree_n for_o which_o cause_n young_a tree_n when_o remove_v do_v not_o only_o grow_v sure_a but_o they_o also_o make_v a_o large_a growth_n at_o first_o plant_v than_o the_o great_a and_o elder_a tree_n can_v do_v and_o be_v thereore_o best_o root_n but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o such_o large_a tree_n must_v be_v set_v than_o some_o of_o the_o branch_n must_v be_v cut_v and_o say_v not_o as_o many_o do_v here_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n already_o why_o shall_v we_o cut_v away_o any_o part_n of_o it_o but_o they_o must_v be_v content_a to_o loose_v some_o of_o the_o branch_n else_o they_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o loose_v all_o for_o remove_v of_o great_a plant_n be_v a_o great_a check_n to_o nature_n and_o if_o a_o few_o root_n cut_v short_a as_o they_o must_v be_v when_o remove_v be_v put_v to_o feed_v many_o and_o large_a branch_n they_o will_v have_v but_o slender_a and_o poor_a nourishment_n not_o sufficient_a many_o time_n to_o preserve_v life_n much_o less_o to_o make_v a_o large_a growth_n but_o if_o plant_v be_v of_o the_o lesser_a size_n you_o need_v not_o cut_v the_o branch_n except_o such_o as_o cross_v one_o another_o or_o grow_v too_o nigh_o together_o or_o run_v up_o two_o high_a without_o spread_v but_o cut_v off_o the_o end_n of_o the_o root_n of_o all_o because_o if_o cut_v many_o small_a fibra_n or_o string_n shoot_v out_o at_o the_o cut_a place_n which_o draw_v nourishment_n for_o the_o plant_n which_o without_o cut_v will_v not_o deep_a plant_n be_v thus_o prepare_v the_o next_o thing_n be_v to_o set_v they_o again_o in_o the_o ground_n take_v heed_n of_o set_v below_o the_o good_a soil_n the_o hole_n for_o the_o plant_n be_v dig_v set_v in_o the_o root_n prepare_v as_o before_o and_o cast_v in_o the_o small_a and_o best_a mould_n next_o to_o the_o root_n and_o see_v that_o the_o small_a mould_n run_v between_o all_o the_o root_n to_o that_o end_n stir_v and_o shake_v the_o plant_n that_o there_o may_v not_o be_v any_o hollow_a place_n where_o the_o mould_n fall_v not_o and_o with_o your_o hand_n draw_v up_o the_o uppermost_a root_n and_o part_v they_o that_o they_o may_v spread_v in_o the_o mould_n every_o way_n and_o so_o fill_v it_o up_o the_o young_a tree_n be_v thus_o set_v into_o the_o ground_n set_v and_o the_o hole_n fill_v up_o it_o will_v be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o they_o to_o lay_v a_o barrow-full_a of_o rot_a muck_n round_o about_o each_o of_o they_o close_o to_o the_o body_n of_o the_o plant_n the_o fatness_n whereof_o will_v soak_v in_o among_o the_o root_n and_o make_v the_o soil_n special_a good_a whereby_o the_o tree_n will_v thrive_v the_o better_a or_o else_o to_o lay_v instead_o thereof_o store_n of_o weed_n litter_n ferne_n or_o the_o like_a two_o or_o three_o handful_n thick_a this_o will_v keep_v the_o root_n warm_v all_o winter_n and_o moist_a and_o cool_a in_o the_o summer_n follow_v and_o make_v the_o soil_n fat_a and_o also_o preserve_v the_o tree_n from_o weed_n grow_v about_o they_o tree_n thus_o order_v by_o lay_v stuff_n about_o their_o root_n may_v be_v set_v very_o shallow_a and_o thereby_o will_v be_v much_o advantage_v and_o prove_v better_o than_o such_o as_o be_v set_v deep_a because_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o best_a mould_n and_o also_o every_o shower_n of_o rain_n reach_v the_o root_n and_o feed_v they_o if_o the_o plant_n be_v fair_a large_a plant_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v shake_v by_o the_o wind_n then_o knock_v down_o a_o stake_n close_o to_o every_o one_o and_o tie_v the_o plant_n to_o it_o with_o a_o hay-band_n or_o some_o other_o soft_a band_n carriage_n if_o young_a tree_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v many_o mile_n to_o be_v plant_v then_o be_v take_v up_o careful_o lie_v the_o root_n all_o one_o way_n the_o small_a and_o tender_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o bundle_n and_o bind_v they_o close_o from_o the_o root_n to_o their_o top_n with_o a_o soft_a band_n and_o then_o stuff_n the_o root_n round_o about_o with_o straw_n â—ay_n moss_n or_o the_o like_a afterward_o bind_v the_o bundle_n all_o over_o from_o the_o root_n to_o the_o very_a top_n with_o hay_n or_o straw_n band_n or_o something_o else_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o bruise_v and_o withal_o wrap_v something_o about_o the_o root_n a_o thin_a mat_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o a_o old_a sackcloth_n or_o any_o thing_n that_o will_v preserve_v the_o root_n from_o the_o wind_n and_o sun_n and_o from_o bruise_v and_o they_o may_v be_v carry_v many_o hundred_o mile_n if_o need_v be_v in_o winter_n without_o hurt_n set_v as_o concern_v distance_n in_o set_v young_a tree_n i_o conceive_v 8._o or_o 10._o yard_n be_v little_a enough_o between_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n in_o ordinary_a soil_n yet_o pear-tree_n need_v not_o be_v plant_v so_o far_o asunder_o as_o appletree_n and_o if_o man_n have_v ground_n enough_o to_o plant_v and_o good_a soil_n i_o shall_v rather_o prescribe_v to_o plant_v they_o 14_o or_o 16_o yard_n asunder_o for_o both_o tree_n and_o fruit_n have_v many_o great_a advantage_n if_o plant_v a_o good_a distance_n one_o from_o another_o such_o be_v free_v from_o fretting_n and_o galling_n advantage_n that_o happen_v to_o tree_n that_o thrust_v and_o crowd_n one_o another_o whereby_o not_o only_o the_o bud_n blossom_n and_o fruit_n be_v rub_v and_o break_v off_o but_o also_o sometime_o the_o canker_n thereby_o breed_v and_o destroy_v bough_n and_o branch_n advantage_n second_o when_o tree_n be_v plant_v a_o fair_a distance_n asunder_o the_o sun_n refresh_v every_o tree_n the_o root_n body_n and_o branch_n with_o the_o blossom_n and_o fruit_n whereby_o tree_n bring_v forth_o more_o fruit_n and_o those_o fair_a and_o better_o advantage_n three_o if_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n be_v plant_v at_o a_o large_a distance_n much_o profit_n may_v be_v make_v of_o the_o ground_n under_z and_o about_o the_o tree_n you_o may_v plant_v gooseberry_n raspberry_n currant_n strawberry_n rose_n flower_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o gardenstuffe_n commodious_a as_o well_o for_o sale_n as_o housekeeping_n which_o can_v be_v if_o tree_n be_v plant_v near_o together_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v in_o most_o place_n the_o ground_n be_v cold_a and_o shady_a by_o the_o tree_n beside_o the_o tree_n will_v have_v advantage_n by_o frequent_a dig_v and_o stir_v the_o earth_n about_o their_o root_n from_o time_n to_o time_n in_o set_v these_o thing_n ‑_o four_o when_o tree_n have_v room_n to_o spread_v as_o before_o they_o will_v grow_v very_o large_a and_o great_a and_o the_o consequence_n of_o that_o will_v be_v not_o only_o multitude_n of_o fruit_n but_o also_o long_o last_v and_o these_o two_o be_v no_o small_a advantage_n beside_o all_o the_o former_a and_o man_n be_v mistake_v when_o they_o say_v the_o more_o tree_n in_o a_o orchard_n the_o more_o fruit_n for_o one_o or_o two_o fair_a large_a tree_n which_o have_v room_n to_o spread_v will_v bear_v more_o fruit_n than_o six_o or_o ten_o it_o may_v be_v of_o those_o that_o grow_v near_o together_o and_o crow_v one_o another_o let_v man_n but_o observe_v aâ—d_v take_v notice_n of_o some_o appletree_n that_o grow_v a_o great_a distance_n from_o other_o tree_n and_o have_v room_n enough_o to_o spread_v both_o in_o the_o root_n and_o branch_n and_o they_o shall_v see_v that_o one_o of_o those_o tree_n be_v come_v to_o full_a growth_n have_v a_o large_a head_n and_o more_o bough_n and_o branch_n than_o it_o may_v be_v 4_o or_o 6_o or_o more_o of_o those_o which_o grow_v near_o together_o although_o of_o the_o same_o age_n yea_o i_o advise_v if_o man_n have_v ground_n enough_o to_o plant_v appletree_n 20_o yard_n asunder_o now_o tree_n so_o plant_v will_v not_o reach_v of_o a_o long_a time_n if_o ever_o therefore_o much_o profit_n may_v be_v make_v of_o tree_n plant_v between_o for_o many_o year_n which_o may_v when_o they_o begin_v to_o reach_v one_o another_o be_v take_v away_o and_o dispose_v of_o for_o the_o best_a advantage_n to_o plant_v abroad_o in_o the_o field_n it_o be_v a_o very_a great_a and_o almost_o a_o general_a error_n the_o plant_v of_o fruit-tree_n too_o near_o together_o especial_o as_o to_o appletree_n and_o pear-tree_n as_o for_o standard_n cherrytree_n plum-tree_n and_o the_o like_a they_o need_v not_o be_v plant_v half_o the_o distance_n i_o speak_v off_o 5_o or_o 6_o yard_n in_o distance_n be_v usual_o enough_o and_o 7_o or_o 8_o yard_n if_o the_o ground_n be_v special_a good_a for_o all_o tree_n grow_v much_o large_a in_o some_o soil_n then_o in_o
acquiramus_fw-la novas_fw-la take_v away_o none_o of_o the_o root_n for_o it_o be_v a_o foolish_a thing_n to_o loose_v those_o root_n we_o have_v that_o we_o may_v get_v new_a this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a and_o dangerous_a instruction_n for_o except_v some_o of_o the_o small_a string_n and_o root_n be_v cut_v away_o if_o there_o be_v many_o and_o all_o the_o end_n of_o the_o great_a one_o they_o will_v not_o put_v forth_o new_a root_n as_o they_o will_v if_o cut_v and_o multitude_n of_o root_n hinder_v the_o mould_n from_o close_v on_o every_o side_n of_o every_o root_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o do_v therefore_o some_o must_v be_v cut_v away_o and_o the_o end_n of_o all_o that_o be_v leave_v experience_n prove_v this_o sufficient_o three_o columella_n give_v instruction_n for_o choice_n of_o graft_n 29._o this_o be_v one_o surculi_fw-la sint_fw-la bisulci_fw-la let_v graft_n be_v double_a or_o fork_a so_o ruelius_fw-la this_o be_v a_o dangerous_a and_o hurtful_a instruction_n because_o fork_a or_o double_a or_o treble_a graft_n most_o of_o they_o die_v and_o those_o that_o live_v grow_v poor_o not_o a_o five_o or_o six_o part_n it_o may_v be_v so_o much_o as_o single_a and_o short_a graft_n four_o bapt._n port._n give_v instruction_n for_o choice_n of_o graft_n say_v we_o must_v take_v surculos_fw-la pregnantes_fw-la &_o turgentes_fw-la graft_n full_a and_o swell_a with_o sap._n this_o be_v a_o bad_a instruction_n for_o graft_n shall_v be_v take_v before_o they_o swell_v with_o sap_n for_o it_o be_v a_o repulse_n to_o nature_n to_o cut_v they_o after_o sap_n stir_v in_o they_o neither_o will_v such_o take_v hold_v on_o the_o stock_n so_o soon_o as_o those_o which_o be_v indigent_a and_o needy_a of_o sap_n therefore_o let_v graft_n be_v cut_v from_o the_o tree_n before_o sap_n stir_v in_o they_o another_o say_v when_o graft_n put_v forth_o take_v away_o the_o clay_n for_o clay_n rather_o keep_v moisture_n then_o drought_n save_o a_o little_a in_o the_o hole_n this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a instruction_n for_o sap_n will_v not_o cover_v the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n nor_o close_o up_o the_o cleft_n on_o both_o side_n so_o soon_o without_o clay_n as_o with_o it_o clay_n be_v as_o a_o salve_n to_o a_o wound_n which_o heal_v it_o up_o and_o it_o rather_o keep_v out_o moisture_n than_o otherwise_o if_o well_o close_v and_o also_o preserve_v from_o dry_a wind_n sun_n and_o other_o annoyance_n therefore_o keep_v on_o the_o clay_n a_o year_n or_o two_o till_o the_o head_n of_o the_o stock_n be_v cover_v and_o the_o cleave_v heal_v up_o another_o say_v when_o the_o graft_n have_v well_o put_v forth_o underprop_v they_o else_o wrap_v they_o one_o within_o another_o and_o tie_v they_o with_o wood_n among_o for_o fear_v wind_n break_v they_o this_o be_v a_o very_a hurtful_a and_o dangerous_a instruction_n for_o all_o these_o way_n do_v fret_v and_o gall_v the_o bark_n and_o it_o may_v be_v breed_v the_o canker_n and_o beside_o it_o hinder_v the_o young_a graft_n that_o they_o can_v spread_v into_o a_o handsome_a form_n this_o course_n bring_v a_o certain_a mischief_n to_o prevent_v a_o uncertain_a wind_n hurt_v but_o few_o except_o they_o be_v very_o top-heavy_a if_o so_o then_o cut_v some_o of_o the_o branch_n till_o they_o be_v grow_v strong_a below_o able_a to_o bear_v the_o top._n some_o author_n council_n we_o to_o cast_v glue_v into_o the_o place_n of_o graft_v to_o glue_v together_o the_o two_o substance_n or_o sprinkle_v sugar_n cinnamon_n or_o sweet_a liquor_n that_o the_o fruit_n may_v retain_v the_o taste_n this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a instruction_n because_o liquor_n or_o any_o other_o substance_n put_v between_o the_o stock_n and_o the_o graft_n do_v hinder_v if_o not_o spoil_v the_o join_v of_o stock_n and_o graft_n but_o if_o this_o may_v be_v do_v without_o hurt_n either_o to_o stock_n or_o graft_n yet_o will_v it_o be_v no_o way_n effectual_a for_o the_o end_v propose_v of_o this_o further_a see_v pag._n 84._o etc._n etc._n a_o late_a author_n sayâ—_n plant_v not_o against_o a_o wall_n because_o a_o tree_n can_v be_v so_o long_o live_v nor_o grow_v to_o the_o bigness_n it_o else_o will_v do_v this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a instruction_n because_o many_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n as_o the_o aprecock_n peach_n nectarine_n and_o divers_a other_o tree_n will_v bear_v little_a or_o no_o fruit_n except_o they_o be_v plant_v against_o a_o wall_n and_o though_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o tree_n plant_v against_o a_o wall_n will_v not_o be_v so_o large_a as_o if_o plant_v from_o the_o wall_n yet_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v a_o few_o small_a tree_n that_o bear_v store_n of_o great_a fruit_n then_o store_n of_o great_a tree_n that_o bear_v but_o a_o few_o small_a fruit_n columella_n give_v instruction_n for_o remove_v plant_n 490_o say_v mala_fw-la aestiva_fw-la cydonia_n sorbe_fw-la pruna_fw-la post_fw-la mediam_fw-la hyemem_fw-la usque_fw-la in_o idus_fw-la febr._fw-la serito_fw-la pyros_n autumno_fw-la ante_fw-la brumanâ—_n serito_fw-la plant_v the_o summer_n apple_n quince_n service-tree_n and_o plum-tree_n after_o winter_n in_o february_n but_o pear-tree_n before_o winter_n this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a instruction_n as_o to_o the_o first_o part_n for_o tree_n shall_v be_v plant_v in_o autumn_n as_o have_v be_v say_v and_o there_o be_v the_o same_o reason_n why_o the_o summer_n appletree_n and_o the_o rest_n shall_v be_v plant_v before_o winter_n as_o be_v for_o pear-tree_n see_v at_o large_a pag._n 60_o etc._n etc._n one_o advise_v thus_o let_v the_o orchard_n be_v seat_v on_o some_o hill-top_n rather_o than_o on_o plain_a ground_n for_o they_o have_v better_a air_n and_o better_a prospect_n and_o also_o contain_v a_o great_a number_n of_o tree_n then_o plain_a ground_n this_o be_v no_o good_a instruction_n for_o orchard_n on_o low_a and_o plain_a ground_n have_v many_o advantage_n of_o those_o on_o high_a ground_n for_o the_o soil_n of_o plain_a and_o low_a ground_n be_v common_o more_o fertile_a than_o hill_n top_n second_o low_a ground_n be_v more_o safe_a from_o wind_n than_o hill_n by_o reason_n of_o other_o tree_n plant_v to_o secure_v the_o orchard_n and_o by_o hill_n house_n or_o other_o shelter_n hill_n top_n can_v have_v no_o defence_n as_o for_o prospect_n on_o hill_n top_n man_n do_v not_o plant_v orchard_n for_o prospect_n but_o for_o fruit_n and_o as_o for_o good_a air_n i_o suppose_v there_o be_v better_a air_n especial_o at_o some_o season_n in_o the_o orchard_n on_o plain_a ground_n then_o on_o hill_n for_o in_o bloom_a time_n wind_n will_v deprive_v we_o of_o the_o sweet_a air_n on_o hill_n top_n but_o on_o plain_a ground_n the_o air_n be_v more_o calm_a and_o the_o perfume_n of_o the_o blossom_n stay_v within_o the_o wall_n as_o within_o a_o perfume_a chamber_n another_o author_n say_v set_v the_o stone_n of_o the_o pear-plum_n a_o foot_n deep_a in_o cold_a ground_n this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a and_o dangerous_a instruction_n for_o stone_n of_o any_o fruit_n in_o any_o ground_n put_v a_o foot_n deep_a be_v rather_o bury_v then_o set_v for_o a_o man_n shall_v never_o see_v more_o of_o they_o but_o set_v stone_n of_o any_o fruit_n not_o above_o two_o inch_n deep_a rather_o something_o less_o one_o give_v instruction_n for_o inoculate_v say_v take_v off_o the_o bark_n just_a upon_o some_o bud_n knob_v and_o set_v the_o other_o bark_n thereon_o this_o be_v a_o hurtful_a instruction_n for_o if_o the_o bud_n to_o be_v inoculate_v be_v set_v upon_o another_o bud_n of_o the_o stock_n than_o the_o inoculate_v bud_n can_v possible_o close_v unless_o the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v out_o and_o if_o the_o root_n be_v out_o it_o be_v spoil_v that_o way_n the_o author_n that_o talk_v thus_o have_v never_o any_o experience_n in_o the_o art_n of_o inoculate_v for_o bud_n must_v be_v set_v upon_o the_o smooth_a part_n of_o the_o stock_n that_o they_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o close_v another_o say_v set_a appletree_n twenty_o foot_n asunder_o this_o be_v a_o very_a hurtful_a and_o dangerous_a instruction_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o hinder_v man_n of_o multitude_n of_o fruit_n we_o see_v that_o in_o many_o orchard_n tree_n be_v plant_v too_o near_o together_o it_o may_v be_v 4_o or_o 5_o or_o but_o 6_o yard_n asunder_o which_o be_v too_o near_o together_o i_o conceive_v 8_o or_o 10_o yard_n or_o there_o about_o little_a enough_o for_o the_o distance_n of_o appletree_n in_o ordinary_a soil_n but_o if_o very_a good_a ground_n 14_o or_o 16_o yard_n or_o more_o if_o man_n have_v room_n enough_o for_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o upon_o good_a ground_n and_o well-ordered_a they_o will_v touch_v one_o another_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n and_o that_o a_o few_o appletree_n have_v room_n to_o spread_v will_v bear_v more_o fruit_n than_o 5_o time_n
the_o root_n and_o the_o root_n even_o then_o draw_v sap_n from_o the_o earth_n and_o increase_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v well_o store_v with_o sap_n after_o the_o branch_n have_v do_v increase_v and_o there_o the_o sap_n rest_v chief_o at_o that_o season_n some_o who_o hold_v descend_v of_o sap_n may_v perhaps_o confirm_v their_o opinion_n from_o small_a spring_n of_o the_o root_n of_o plant_n when_o they_o be_v remove_v in_o autumn_n it_o be_v true_a the_o root_n of_o plant_n set_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o september_n or_o about_o that_o time_n do_v spring_n forth_o a_o little_a at_o the_o cut_v end_n of_o the_o root_n before_o winter_n not_o because_o sap_n descend_v from_o the_o branch_n to_o they_o for_o though_o all_o the_o branch_n be_v cut_v off_o before_o set_v as_o sometime_o they_o be_v yet_o the_o root_n will_v spring_v then_o because_o some_o degree_n of_o heat_n proportionable_a to_o that_o purpose_n be_v at_o that_o season_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o immediate_a forego_v summer_n so_o that_o plant_n set_v while_o this_o heat_n last_v they_o will_v germinate_v &_o spring_v forth_o in_o their_o root_n before_o winter_n the_o husbandman_n know_v in_o this_o season_n it_o be_v best_o to_o sow_v his_o wheat_n and_o rye_n and_o also_o because_o the_o sun_n as_o yet_o have_v a_o influence_n sufficient_a to_o make_v seed_n and_o plant_n to_o spring_v forth_o which_o towards_o december_n it_o have_v not_o be_v then_o too_o remote_a from_o we_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o descend_v of_o sap_n that_o cause_v these_o effect_n 94._o the_o learned_a lord_n bacon_n do_v not_o well_o consider_v this_o point_n who_o suppose_v a_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o autumn_n speak_v concern_v set_v a_o bough_n in_o the_o ground_n prepare_v by_o disbarking_a for_o that_o purpose_n say_v the_o cause_n why_o it_o will_v soon_o after_o be_v a_o fair_a tree_n may_v be_v this_o the_o bare_n of_o the_o bark_n keep_v the_o sap_n from_o descend_v towards_o winter_n here_o be_v a_o wrong_a cause_n assign_v to_o a_o effect_n for_o it_o be_v not_o the_o suppose_a keep_v up_o of_o the_o sap_n by_o that_o mean_n he_o speak_v of_o that_o cause_v such_o a_o bough_n to_o grow_v the_o better_a but_o the_o cause_n be_v for_o that_o such_o a_o bough_n by_o disbarking_a have_v get_v some_o small_a root_n or_o string_n or_o at_o least_o some_o roughness_n or_o knob_n capable_a of_o root_n in_o the_o passage_n up_o of_o the_o sap_n whereby_o be_v set_v it_o will_v become_v a_o tree_n in_o certain_a year_n this_o opinion_n of_o descension_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n thing_n be_v a_o old_a error_n of_o many_o year_n stand_v and_o be_v radicate_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o most_o man_n yea_o many_o use_v it_o as_o a_o similitude_n to_o illustrate_v some_o spiritual_a matter_n as_o if_o it_o be_v a_o real_a and_o undoubted_a truth_n whereas_o it_o be_v but_o a_o weak_a and_o groundless_a conceit_n and_o contrary_a both_o to_o reason_n and_o experience_n take_v up_o by_o man_n from_o hand_n to_o hand_n without_o consideration_n or_o weigh_v of_o it_o with_o reason_n and_o judgement_n i_o will_v therefore_o lay_v it_o open_v more_o plain_o and_o demonstrate_v and_o prove_v the_o truth_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o sap_n in_o tree_n the_o first_o argument_n against_o descension_n of_o sap._n sap_n in_o tree_n always_o move_v upward_o and_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n for_o sap_n to_o descend_v natura_fw-la nil_fw-la agit_fw-fr frustra_fw-la nature_n do_v nothing_o in_o vain_a now_o it_o be_v a_o vain_a work_n in_o nature_n to_o cause_n sap_n to_o ascend_v up_o in_o the_o branch_n to_o descend_v again_o to_o the_o root_n the_o root_n send_v sap_n to_o the_o branch_n and_o not_o the_o branch_n to_o the_o root_n when_o it_o once_o come_v into_o the_o branch_n it_o be_v convert_v into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n whence_o be_v all_o that_o great_a bulk_n and_o body_n which_o we_o see_v a_o tree_n arise_v to_o in_o a_o few_o year_n if_o sap_n shall_v descend_v one_o while_n as_o it_o ascend_v another_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o as_o a_o tree_n increase_v by_o ascension_n of_o sap_n so_o it_o will_v descrease_v by_o its_o descension_n this_o may_v be_v more_o clear_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o cause_n why_o sap_n in_o tree_n stir_n and_o ascend_v and_o also_o why_o it_o rise_v not_o after_o such_o a_o time_n to_o make_v any_o growth_n when_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o year_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o to_o we_o than_o sap_n in_o tree_n begin_v by_o its_o heat_n and_o influence_n to_o move_v to_o swell_v and_o open_v the_o bud_n and_o to_o cause_v the_o branch_n to_o shoot_v forth_o which_o increase_n by_o it_o all_o the_o summer_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n by_o degree_n draw_v near_o and_o grow_v hot_a so_o the_o sap_n by_o degree_n increase_v and_o rise_v more_o plentiful_o and_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v near_a than_o tree_n be_v full_a of_o sap._n now_o observe_v as_o by_o the_o vicinity_n and_o nearness_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v by_o degree_n the_o sap_n be_v increase_v by_o degree_n so_o likewise_o by_o the_o sun_n remoteness_n and_o absence_n which_o be_v also_o by_o degree_n in_o his_o go_v back_o again_o the_o sap_n be_v also_o diminish_v by_o degree_n that_o be_v ascend_v less_o and_o less_o in_o quantity_n until_o the_o sun_n be_v go_v so_o far_o from_o we_o and_o the_o heat_n and_o influence_n of_o it_o be_v so_o weak_a that_o it_o work_v not_o to_o cause_v sap_n to_o rise_v up_o whereby_o the_o branch_n may_v increase_v any_o long_o and_o then_o the_o branch_n and_o bud_n of_o tree_n be_v all_o at_o a_o stand_n and_o grow_v no_o more_o until_o the_o next_o spring_n and_o at_o that_o time_n the_o leaf_n lose_v their_o beauty_n and_o fall_v off_o because_o sap_n rise_v not_o up_o sufficient_a to_o feed_v they_o any_o long_o but_o only_o so_o much_o as_o to_o preserve_v life_n in_o the_o tree_n the_o second_o argument_n there_o be_v no_o cause_n to_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n i_o will_v fain_o know_v of_o those_o who_o hold_v descension_n of_o sap_n what_o shall_v cause_v it_o to_o descend_v for_o nullus_fw-la effectus_fw-la datur_fw-la sine_fw-la causa_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o effect_n without_o a_o cause_n they_o can_v say_v that_o as_o heat_n cause_v it_o to_o ascend_v so_o cold_a cause_v it_o to_o descend_v cold_n never_o cause_v sap_n to_o stir_v but_o to_o stand_v or_o move_v slow_o cold_n be_v of_o a_o condense_a nature_n and_o do_v constipate_v and_o fix_v rare_a &_o fluid_a body_n if_o cold_a shall_v cause_v sap_n to_o descend_v then_o as_o the_o cold_a increase_v sap_n will_v descend_v more_o &_o more_o in_o quantity_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a as_o heat_n increase_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n the_o sap_n in_o tree_n also_o increase_v in_o quantity_n and_o if_o so_o what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o tree_n but_o if_o sap_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n will_v descend_v yet_o there_o be_v none_o in_o the_o branch_n at_o that_o season_n of_o the_o year_n that_o they_o can_v spare_v but_o all_o that_o have_v ascend_v in_o the_o summer_n be_v convert_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o tree_n its_o leave_n and_o fruit_n concern_v that_o objection_n that_o be_v make_v against_o this_o and_o bring_v as_o a_o argument_n that_o sap_n descend_v viz._n that_o if_o we_o disbarke_v a_o bough_n or_o branch_n when_o sap_n be_v up_o a_o inch_n round_o about_o and_o lay_v and_o keep_v up_o mould_n about_o the_o disbark_v place_n there_o will_v be_v small_a root_n in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o place_n so_o disbark_v which_o say_v they_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o descension_n of_o sap_n out_o of_o the_o bough_n to_o that_o part_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o such_o root_n be_v not_o make_v by_o any_o descension_n of_o sap_n but_o by_o the_o ascension_n of_o sap_n for_o sap_n ascend_v up_o into_o such_o a_o bough_n notwithstanding_o the_o disbark_v part_n through_o the_o pith_n and_o pore_n of_o the_o wood_n though_o in_o small_a quantity_n than_o it_o will_v do_v if_o the_o bark_n be_v on_o this_o be_v plain_a because_o such_o a_o bough_n do_v grow_v and_o shoot_v forth_o and_o bear_v fruit_n after_o disbarking_a which_o can_v not_o be_v but_o by_o the_o rise_n up_o of_o sap._n now_o i_o say_v sap_n in_o its_o rise_n up_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v pendulous_a about_o that_o place_n and_o do_v somewhat_o hang_v or_o rest_n at_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o disbark_v place_n in_o the_o very_a edge_n of_o the_o bark_n have_v recourse_n to_o this_o creature_n wound_a part_n in_o great_a quantity_n then_o
other_o place_n also_o they_o cause_v much_o grass_n under_o and_o about_o the_o tree_n which_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n do_v more_o than_o recompense_n for_o the_o sourness_n of_o such_o grass_n as_o some_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v way_n the_o profit_n of_o fruit-tree_n be_v in_o many_o respect_n not_o only_o by_o the_o fruit_n to_o be_v eat_v all_o the_o year_n long_o with_o cider_n perry_n etc._n etc._n but_o much_o fuel_n for_o the_o fire_n may_v be_v have_v from_o they_o in_o the_o prune_n and_o by_o old_a tree_n past_o bear_v beside_o the_o wood_n may_v be_v sell_v at_o a_o great_a rate_n to_o joiner_n and_o other_o workman_n to_o make_v chair_n table_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n some_o vine_n shoot_v forth_o exceed_o large_a branch_n yearly_a vine_n but_o bear_v little_a in_o such_o a_o case_n bear_v the_o root_n and_o cut_v off_o a_o mr._n root_n or_o two_o from_o the_o tree_n then_o lay_v some_o sand_n ash_n or_o any_o hot_a barren_a soil_n to_o the_o root_n this_o will_v abate_v the_o redundancy_n of_o the_o sap_n and_o conduce_v to_o bear_v fruit_n grape_n may_v be_v keep_v many_o week_n after_o the_o usual_a time_n of_o last_a grape_n if_o a_o branch_n of_o a_o vine_n be_v draw_v into_o the_o house_n especial_o where_o a_o fire_n be_v keep_v usual_o and_o nail_v up_o with_o the_o bunch_n of_o grape_n upon_o it_o or_o if_o bunch_n when_o ripe_a be_v cut_v off_o with_o some_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o hang_v up_o in_o a_o warm_a room_n where_o a_o fire_n be_v keep_v with_o paper_n about_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o dust_n if_o school_n boy_n and_o other_o age._n while_o they_o be_v young_a set_v upon_o plant_v oak_n ash_n elm_n and_o other_o tree_n they_o may_v probable_o as_o other_o have_v do_v make_v use_n of_o they_o for_o building_n sale_n etc._n etc._n even_o themselves_o in_o their_o own_o person_n unto_o exceed_v great_a profit_n see_v the_o experiment_n of_o a_o gentleman_n that_o plant_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o ash_n and_o at_o 50_o year_n growth_n sell_v they_o for_o 5_o l._n a_o tree_n pag._n 126._o etc._n if_o young_a set_a tree_n be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v bark_v or_o hurt_v by_o coney_n then_o stick_v round_o about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o plant_n some_o furz_n three_o or_o four_o branch_n as_o high_a as_o a_o coney_n can_v reach_v and_o they_o can_v never_o touch_v those_o tree_n and_o if_o mice_n annoy_n or_o hurt_v any_o seed-bed_n or_o the_o like_a then_o stick_v or_o lay_v down_o branch_n of_o furz_n round_o about_o the_o bed_n as_o close_o as_o can_v be_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o seed_n will_v be_v safe_a else_o lie_v ratsbane_n for_o they_o mix_v with_o bread_n and_o butter_n late_o cherry_n plum_n and_o other_o fruit_n may_v be_v have_v after_o their_o ordinary_a time_n many_o week_n when_o other_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n be_v go_v if_o mean_n be_v use_v to_o keep_v they_o back_o as_o cover_v a_o dwarf-tree_n with_o a_o piece_n of_o rough_a canvas_n or_o other_o cloth_n in_o summer_n and_o wet_n of_o it_o to_o keep_v the_o tree_n and_o fruit_n cool_v in_o a_o hot_a day_n or_o second_o to_o plant_v a_o fruit-tree_n that_o natural_o bear_v fruit_n late_o as_o the_o great_a bear_a cherry_n and_o some_o other_o upon_o the_o north-wall_n where_o the_o sun_n beam_n come_v not_o tree_n thus_o order_v will_v bring_v forth_o their_o fruit_n very_o late_o when_o all_o other_o be_v go_v and_o such_o will_v be_v as_o rare_a and_o acceptable_a as_o those_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a early_o i_o have_v know_v cherry_n on_o a_o tree_n november_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o october_n and_o some_o in_o the_o next_o month_n about_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n also_o compass_v a_o small_a tree_n or_o bough_n full_a of_o cherry_n with_o a_o net_n this_o preserve_v they_o from_o bird_n and_o from_o snail_n which_o otherwise_o can_v hardly_o be_v keep_v long_o snail_n do_v much_o mischief_n to_o tree_n and_o fruit_n garden_n in_o the_o spring_n and_o summer_n so_o that_o as_o a_o remedy_n care_n must_v be_v take_v beside_o pick_v up_o and_o kill_v many_o of_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o garden_n clean_o as_o may_v be_v from_o weed_n under_o and_o about_o which_o they_o harbour_v and_o also_o all_o the_o hole_n and_o chink_n in_o the_o wall_n must_v be_v stop_v and_o point_a with_o lime_n that_o they_o can_v get_v in_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o withal_o to_o save_v some_o special_a tree_n or_o flower_n from_o snail_n strew_v round_o about_o some_o sift_v ash_n the_o snail_n can_v creep_v over_o it_o especial_o when_o the_o ash_n have_v be_v late_o straw_v we_o may_v have_v fruit_n grow_v within_o the_o house_n door_n if_o a_o branch_n of_o a_o vine_n cherry_n aprecot-tree_n etc._n etc._n be_v draw_v in_o at_o a_o window_n and_o nail_v up_o upon_o the_o ceiling_n of_o the_o house_n or_o other_o place_n where_o it_o may_v be_v preserve_v from_o break_v or_o to_o set_v a_o small_a cherrytree_n or_o other_o kind_n of_o fruit-tree_n in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n or_o box_n with_o a_o hole_n or_o two_o in_o the_o bottom_n that_o overmuch_o rain_v or_o moisture_n may_v not_o rest_v in_o the_o mould_n about_o the_o root_n this_o may_v be_v set_v in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o garden_n and_o take_v into_o the_o house_n at_o pleasure_n with_o blossom_n or_o fruit_n upon_o the_o young_a tree_n cider_n if_o apple_n be_v suffer_v to_o lie_v a_o certain_a time_n after_o gather_v be_v full_o ripe_a before_o we_o make_v they_o into_o cider_n the_o liquor_n will_v be_v more_o pleasant_a and_o delicate_a then_o if_o the_o cider_n be_v make_v immediate_o after_o the_o fruit_n be_v gather_v though_o that_o be_v a_o good_a way_n too_o because_o in_o lie_v and_o somewhat_o heat_n together_o the_o more_o waterish_a part_n fly_v out_o and_o that_o which_o remain_v be_v better_a concoct_v and_o so_o more_o pleasant_a be_v after_o the_o liquor_n be_v press_v out_o into_o vessel_n let_v it_o not_o stand_v but_o tun_n it_o up_o with_o all_o speed_n for_o the_o air_n in_o a_o little_a time_n draw_v out_o much_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o dull_v the_o rest_n we_o know_v wine_n or_o beer_n or_o any_o liquor_n if_o it_o stand_v open_a in_o a_o cup_n or_o glass_n though_o but_o half_a a_o hour_n or_o a_o short_a space_n they_o lose_v their_o best_a spirit_n and_o become_v deadish_a or_o flat_a and_o so_o of_o any_o other_o liquor_n according_a to_o the_o time_n it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n though_o not_o so_o much_o while_o it_o be_v new_a as_o afterward_o withal_o those_o flag_n be_v best_a to_o use_v for_o bind_v of_o graft_n and_o bud_n inoculate_v which_o be_v threesquare_a of_o a_o brown_a colour_n of_o a_o middle_a size_n the_o bige_v be_v too_o hollow_a and_o spongy_a and_o the_o least_o be_v somewhat_o too_o small_a and_o weak_a they_o be_v to_o be_v have_v at_o the_o mat-maker_n at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n or_o else_o they_o may_v be_v cut_v out_o of_o the_o ditch_n and_o dry_v in_o summer_n and_o lay_v up_o to_o use_v as_o occasion_n be_v in_o hot_a and_o dry_a weather_n in_o graft_v time_n cut_v they_o a_o convenient_a length_n and_o tie_v many_o of_o they_o close_o together_o so_o moisten_v they_o and_o thus_o they_o will_v keep_v moist_a and_o bind_v well_o in_o graft_v it_o be_v very_o successful_a that_o we_o proportion_n graft_n and_o stock_n in_o graft_v bigness_n that_o be_v to_o graft_v the_o bige_a graft_n upon_o the_o bige_a stock_n and_o the_o low_a we_o graft-stock_n if_o they_o be_v for_o standard-tree_n as_o appletree_n etc._n etc._n the_o short_a the_o graft_n need_v to_o be_v because_v all_o must_v be_v cut_v off_o except_o only_o one_o shoot_v to_o grow_v up_o to_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n so_o that_o a_o short_a graft_n of_o 2_o 3_o or_o 4_o bud_n for_o such_o low_a stock_n be_v sufficient_a unless_o we_o intend_v those_o low_a tree_n for_o the_o wall_n or_o for_o a_o fruit-hedge_n as_o be_v show_v before_o if_o so_o it_o be_v better_a to_o graft_v upon_o such_o low_a stock_n long_a graft_n of_o 6_o or_o 8_o bud_n that_o so_o it_o may_v have_v many_o shoot_v and_o branch_n to_o spread_v such_o as_o have_v many_o to_o graft_v season_n and_o can_v do_v all_o the_o work_n in_o the_o best_a season_n may_v cut_v as_o many_o as_o they_o will_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o the_o ground_n lay_v half_a way_n or_o more_o in_o the_o mould_n in_o a_o shady_a place_n be_v best_a and_o so_o we_o may_v be_v graft_v till_o the_o end_n of_o april_n and_o afterward_o when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o to_o cut_v graft_n woodstock_n many_o get_v crabstock_n out_o