or_o otherwise_o undue_o take_v discover_v a_o certain_a irreverence_n to_o or_o rather_o contempt_n of_o god_n in_o the_o party_n swear_v and_o savour_v too_o much_o of_o atheism_n the_o act_n nevertheless_o of_o swear_v in_o its_o own_o nature_n imply_v a_o reverence_n of_o the_o divine_a name_n for_o since_o every_o oath_n be_v make_v for_o confirmation_n of_o that_o which_o be_v avouch_v by_o the_o party_n swear_v and_o all_o confirmation_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v by_o something_o that_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o of_o great_a authority_n heb._n 6._o menvery_o swear_v by_o the_o great_a he_o who_o swear_v ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la acknowledge_v god_n to_o be_v his_o superior_a a_o witness_n of_o the_o high_a authority_n of_o infallible_a truth_n the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n and_o the_o most_o just_a and_o powerful_a punisher_n of_o all_o perjury_n and_o falsehood_n a_o oath_n therefore_o be_v a_o religious_a act_n sect_n iv._o second_o i_o say_v in_o which_o god_n be_v call_v witness_n wherein_o be_v these_o three_o thing_n god_n call_v as_o a_o witness_n and_o by_o way_n of_o invocation_n in_o all_o oath_n god_n be_v chief_o call_v for_o although_o there_o be_v a_o solemnity_n heretofore_o among_o heathen_n jew_n and_o christian_n of_o swear_v either_o by_o creature_n or_o at_o least_o in_o swear_v not_o to_o express_v the_o name_n of_o god_n but_o the_o name_n of_o creature_n only_o as_o may_v if_o need_n be_v be_v prove_v by_o infinite_a testimony_n draw_v both_o from_o scripture_n and_o other_o author_n to_o dispute_v which_o two_o thing_n whether_o they_o be_v oâ—_n how_o far_o they_o may_v be_v lawful_a be_v not_o to_o the_o present_a purpose_n yet_o in_o every_o oath_n which_o be_v true_o and_o formal_o a_o oath_n the_o testimony_n of_o god_n be_v either_o explicit_o or_o implicit_o use_v for_o both_o he_o who_o swear_v by_o idol_n which_o indeed_o be_v nothing_o 1_o cor._n 8._o 4._o &_o jer._n 5._o 6._o be_v no_o god_n swear_v by_o those_o he_o think_v to_o be_v god_n and_o he_o who_o swear_v by_o any_o creature_n do_v that_o in_o some_o sort_n in_o order_n and_o relation_n unto_o god_n because_o he_o call_v the_o creature_n to_o witness_v as_o it_o be_v something_o of_o god_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o which_o the_o truth_n goodness_n and_o power_n of_o god_n appear_v and_o which_o he_o both_o acknowledge_v that_o by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n he_o enjoy_v and_o will_v be_v loath_a by_o the_o justice_n of_o god_n to_o be_v deprive_v of_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n swear_v by_o his_o life_n by_o his_o soul_n by_o his_o head_n by_o his_o salvation_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v by_o that_o god_n to_o who_o i_o owe_v my_o life_n my_o soul_n my_o head_n from_o who_o i_o expect_v salvation_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o this_o particular_a be_v the_o difference_n between_o a_o oath_n and_o bare_a assertion_n or_o promise_n which_o two_o man_n make_v without_o any_o interposition_n of_o the_o divine_a name_n either_o express_a or_o tacit_a now_o in_o that_o god_n be_v call_v to_o witness_v therein_o a_o oath_n be_v distinguish_v from_o a_o vow_n for_o in_o a_o vow_n god_n himself_o be_v contract_v withal_o as_o a_o party_n to_o who_o vow_n be_v immediate_o address_v but_o man_n be_v contract_v withal_o in_o a_o oath_n and_o god_n bring_v in_o not_o as_o a_o party_n but_o witness_n now_o in_o the_o definition_n i_o have_v say_v god_n to_o be_v witness_n simple_o and_o precise_o not_o a_o judge_n and_o revenger_n which_o nevertheless_o be_v add_v by_o some_o indeed_o true_o but_o perhaps_o not_o necessary_o and_o no_o superfluous_a thing_n shall_v be_v bring_v into_o a_o definition_n i_o confess_v he_o who_o swear_v do_v both_o adduce_v god_n witness_v of_o truth_n and_o avenger_n of_o falsehood_n but_o that_o primary_o and_o pierce_v this_o secondary_o and_o by_o consequence_n for_o that_o god_n be_v witness_n unto_o truth_n appertain_v simple_o to_o the_o nature_n of_o testimony_n but_o that_o he_o punish_v falsehood_n concern_v not_o so_o much_o the_o nature_n of_o testimony_n as_o the_o effect_n but_o neither_o be_v it_o sufficient_a unto_o a_o oath_n that_o god_n be_v make_v the_o witness_n except_o he_o be_v also_o invocate_v for_o god_n may_v be_v bring_v a_o witness_n and_o that_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o doubtful_a thing_n too_o even_o without_o a_o oath_n as_o if_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o thesis_n image_n be_v not_o to_o be_v adore_v i_o shall_v allege_v some_o place_n out_o of_o scripture_n certain_o this_o be_v to_o adduce_v the_o testimony_n of_o god_n for_o confirmation_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o doubt_n and_o yet_o as_o certain_o this_o be_v no_o oath_n for_o it_o be_v quite_o another_o matter_n to_o cite_v god_n a_o witness_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o testimony_n already_o give_v which_o may_v be_v do_v without_o invocation_n and_o to_o invoke_v god_n a_o witness_n with_o respect_n unto_o a_o testimony_n now_o to_o be_v exhibit_v wherein_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o oath_n consist_v sect_n v._o three_o i_o say_v and_o it_o be_v the_o last_o member_n of_o the_o definition_n that_o god_n be_v invoke_v a_o witness_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o some_o matter_n in_o doubt_n in_o which_o word_n be_v contain_v both_o the_o end_n and_o matter_n or_o object_n of_o the_o oath_n the_o materia_fw-la circa_fw-la quam_fw-la or_o object_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v a_o doubtful_a thing_n that_o be_v who_o certitude_n so_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o speaker_n that_o it_o can_v be_v no_o other_o way_n convenient_o find_v out_o wherefore_o first_o the_o scibilia_n of_o which_o kind_a universal_a thing_n be_v which_o be_v ever_o certain_a and_o like_v themselves_o nor_o can_v be_v otherwise_o second_o particular_a thing_n which_o rest_n upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o sense_n which_o be_v either_o so_o clear_a and_o certain_a in_o history_n universal_a tradition_n or_o other_o public_a testimony_n free_a from_o all_o suspicion_n of_o falsehood_n that_o they_o can_v leave_v no_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n with_o man_n of_o sound_a mind_n be_v no_o fit_a matter_n for_o oath_n for_o how_o ridiculous_a be_v it_o and_o unbeseeming_a a_o sober_a man_n to_o confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n that_o a_o triangle_n have_v three_o angle_n or_o that_o virtue_n be_v desirable_a for_o itself_o or_o that_o aristotle_n be_v a_o philosopher_n or_o that_o cicero_n a_o orator_n or_o that_o a_o youth_n dispute_v in_o the_o school_n and_o be_v to_o prove_v a_o proposition_n deny_v shall_v lay_v argument_n aside_o and_o swear_v it_o to_o be_v true_a wherefore_o particular_a thing_n such_o as_o be_v fact_n of_o peculiar_a person_n with_o their_o circumstance_n which_o for_o the_o various_a chance_n and_o contingency_n whereunto_o they_o be_v obnoxious_a be_v so_o mutable_a and_o doubtful_a that_o no_o certainty_n thereof_o can_v be_v have_v by_o way_n of_o demonstration_n or_o other_o except_o that_o which_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o man_n be_v those_o thing_n unto_o the_o confirmation_n whereof_o oath_n be_v proper_o of_o use_n which_o the_o apostle_n intimate_v in_o that_o heb._n 6._o a_o oath_n be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o contradiction_n as_o if_o he_o shall_v say_v a_o oath_n be_v there_o to_o take_v place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o contradiction_n one_o imagine_v the_o plaintiff_n affirm_v the_o other_o imagine_v the_o defendant_n deny_v except_o by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o oath_n one_o part_n of_o contradiction_n be_v confirm_v the_o other_o part_n cease_v and_o the_o whole_a strife_n be_v determine_v sect_n vi_o and_o this_o confirmation_n the_o apostle_n in_o the_o place_n mention_v call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o true_a end_n of_o a_o oath_n for_o since_o particular_a thing_n will_v be_v uncertain_a and_o through_o their_o contingency_n doubtful_a nor_o can_v be_v prove_v but_o by_o witness_n and_o all_o humane_a testimony_n will_v be_v infirm_a and_o fallible_a especial_o through_o two_o defect_n one_o of_o knowledge_n for_o we_o be_v ignorant_a of_o very_a much_o the_o other_o of_o conscience_n every_o man_n be_v a_o liar_n and_o yet_o it_o will_v make_v for_o man_n convenience_n that_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n among_o they_o and_o mutual_o debate_v shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o some_o certainty_n without_o which_o there_o will_v be_v among_o man_n no_o faith_n nor_o justice_n which_o be_v the_o most_o firm_a bond_n of_o humane_a society_n there_o lie_v a_o necessity_n of_o fly_v to_o the_o testimony_n of_o god_n who_o can_v neither_o deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v and_o thus_o oath_n be_v receive_v by_o all_o nation_n from_o divine_a institution_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o a_o fit_a remedy_n for_o this_o disease_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o
all_o man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v diodorus_n siculus_n and_o dionysius_n haliearnasseus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o apostle_n great_a and_o more_o elegant_o then_o both_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o end_n of_o all_o strife_n heb._n 6._o when_o we_o arrive_v once_o at_o this_o point_n ne_fw-fr plus_fw-fr ultra_fw-la all_o humane_a dispute_n and_o contradiction_n must_v rest_v here_o not_o that_o every_o thing_n confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n be_v simple_o certain_a for_o then_o there_o will_v be_v no_o perjury_n which_o alas_o be_v too_o common_a but_o because_o in_o this_o condition_n of_o mortality_n wherein_o it_o seem_v unto_o divine_a wisdom_n profitable_a for_o mankind_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v conversant_a with_o much_o obscurity_n and_o incertainty_n of_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n that_o their_o mind_n may_v be_v raise_v unto_o the_o thing_n above_o which_o be_v more_o certain_a there_o can_v be_v no_o great_a humane_a faith_n then_o that_o which_o in_o a_o oath_n by_o the_o invocation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v as_o it_o be_v attest_v and_o confirm_v from_o heaven_n sect_n vii_o in_o this_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n examine_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v be_v in_o some_o sort_n contain_v all_o the_o cause_n of_o oath_n that_o first_o member_n in_o which_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o religious_a act_n to_o wit_n of_o he_o who_o swear_v necessary_o include_v the_o will_n of_o the_o agent_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o the_o party_n swear_v see_v every_o man_n be_v a_o free_a agent_n and_o every_o humane_a act_n voluntary_a as_o the_o primary_n efficient_a cause_n the_o second_o member_n express_v the_o formal_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v the_o attestation_n of_o the_o divine_a name_n or_o invocation_n of_o god_n as_o a_o witness_n the_o three_o member_n contain_v the_o other_o two_o cause_n to_o wit_n the_o material_a and_o final_a for_o the_o proper_a matter_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v the_o thing_n in_o doubt_n that_o be_v the_o truth_n whereof_o be_v not_o sufficient_o confirm_v to_o he_o before_o who_o it_o be_v plead_v by_o the_o bare_a testimony_n of_o the_o assertor_n and_o the_o proper_a final_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v that_o a_o doubtful_a matter_n may_v have_v that_o certainty_n through_o invocation_n of_o divine_a testimony_n than_o which_o no_o great_a can_v be_v have_v in_o the_o contingency_n of_o humane_a affair_n this_o which_o i_o have_v say_v auditor_n be_v to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v render_v i_o the_o more_o excusable_a unto_o you_o for_o the_o prolixity_n i_o have_v use_v in_o explain_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n because_o when_o with_o the_o help_n of_o god_n i_o come_v to_o state_n dubious_a case_n which_o i_o intend_v to_o do_v with_o respect_n unto_o the_o four_o kind_n of_o cause_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o will_v then_o easy_o perceive_v how_o profitable_a it_o will_v be_v to_o the_o studious_a and_o advantageous_a unto_o my_o purpose_n to_o have_v have_v a_o foreknowledge_n of_o these_o thing_n which_o concern_v the_o nature_n of_o oath_n have_v be_v by_o i_o so_o large_o handle_v sect_n viii_o but_o thus_o much_o of_o oath_n in_o general_a what_o a_o promissory_a oath_n be_v in_o particular_a come_v in_o the_o next_o place_n but_o more_o brief_o to_o be_v explain_v sundry_a division_n and_o distinction_n of_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o diversity_n they_o respect_v be_v extant_a in_o divine_n and_o lawyer_n by_o some_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o judicial_a and_o extrajudiciall_a by_o some_o into_o public_a and_o private_a into_o simple_a and_o solemn_a into_o naked_a and_o execratory_n into_o absolute_a and_o conditional_a by_o other_o otherwise_o but_o the_o noble_a of_o all_o and_o that_o which_o as_o i_o remember_v be_v not_o by_o any_o of_o they_o who_o have_v write_v of_o oath_n omit_v be_v that_o whereby_o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o assertory_n and_o promissory_a for_o whereas_o in_o every_o oath_n as_o have_v be_v say_v the_o name_n of_o god_n be_v take_v by_o the_o party_n swear_v by_o way_n of_o invocation_n unto_o the_o testimony_n of_o some_o doubtful_a matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o this_o may_v be_v do_v three_o way_n for_o a_o past_a matter_n may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o so_o as_o do_v you_o see_v caius_n yesterday_o in_o the_o marketplace_n or_o no_o or_o a_o present_a one_o whether_o it_o be_v so_o or_o not_o as_o have_v you_o the_o money_n i_o leave_v in_o your_o hand_n or_o have_v you_o it_o not_o or_o a_o future_a one_o whether_o it_o will_v be_v so_o or_o not_o as_o will_v you_o lend_v i_o a_o hundred_o pound_n to_o morrow_n or_o will_v you_o not_o so_o often_o therefore_o as_o god_n by_o a_o oath_n be_v invoke_v witness_n to_o a_o thing_n past_a or_o present_a such_o a_o oath_n be_v usual_o call_v assertory_n because_o the_o party_n swear_v without_o any_o promise_n for_o the_o future_a only_a assert_n the_o thing_n to_o have_v be_v or_o to_o be_v as_o he_o than_o swear_v but_o if_o god_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v invoke_v witness_n to_o a_o future_a thing_n that_o oath_n be_v call_v promissory_a because_o the_o party_n swear_v promise_v to_o perform_v something_o or_o not_o to_o perform_v it_o hereafter_o the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o assertory_n be_v in_o judicature_n to_o determine_v suit_n especial_o upon_o the_o question_n of_o fact_n there_o be_v small_a use_n of_o the_o promissory_a in_o judicature_n but_o very_o much_o in_o promise_n bargain_n contract_n many_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v find_v in_o sacred_a story_n and_o elsewhere_o the_o servant_n of_o abraham_n devout_o swear_v faithful_o 9_o to_o observe_v his_o lord_n command_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o wife_n for_o his_o master_n son_n joshua_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n swear_v but_o inconsiderate_o 15._o to_o observe_v the_o league_n with_o the_o gibeonite_n king_n herod_n swear_v but_o 7._o very_o rash_o to_o give_v unto_o the_o daughter_n of_o herodias_n whatsoever_o she_o shall_v ask_v sect_n ix_o furthermore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v advertise_v that_o under_o the_o title_n of_o a_o oath_n promissory_a be_v also_o comprehend_v the_o comminatory_n such_o as_o be_v the_o rash_a oath_n of_o david_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o nabal_n and_o the_o impious_a one_o of_o certain_a jew_n who_o vow_v that_o they_o will_v neither_o eat_v nor_o drink_v till_o they_o have_v kill_v paul_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v not_o proper_o promise_v which_o word_n seem_v rather_o to_o signify_v something_o that_o may_v be_v grateful_a unto_o another_o but_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o synecdoche_n join_v with_o a_o catachresis_fw-la which_o as_o it_o be_v otherwise_o familiar_a among_o good_a author_n so_o especial_o in_o word_n which_o respect_v some_o future_a thing_n as_o sperare_fw-la for_o timere_fw-la and_o the_o like_a the_o name_n of_o promise_n may_v metaleptical_o be_v extend_v to_o commination_n so_o god_n oath_n whereby_o he_o swear_v in_o his_o wrath_n that_o the_o israelite_n who_o have_v tempt_v he_o with_o divers_a provocation_n in_o the_o wilderness_n shall_v not_o enter_v into_o his_o rest_n may_v and_o use_v no_o less_o to_o be_v call_v promissory_a though_o not_o so_o proper_o than_o the_o other_o of_o he_o whereby_o he_o swear_v unto_o their_o father_n that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n for_o a_o heritage_n sect_n x._o neither_o be_v it_o material_a to_o the_o nature_n or_o effect_n of_o a_o promissory_a oath_n whether_o the_o oath_n be_v bare_o express_v or_o with_o a_o execration_n add_v for_o although_o there_o be_v some_o of_o the_o schoolman_n unto_o who_o that_o oath_n which_o be_v make_v by_o a_o simple_a call_n to_o witness_n seem_v to_o differ_v in_o specie_fw-la from_o that_o which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o execration_n add_v they_o be_v induce_v unto_o that_o opinion_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o god_n be_v invoke_v by_o that_o as_o a_o witness_n by_o this_o as_o a_o judge_n yet_o if_o we_o more_o attentive_o consider_v the_o matter_n we_o shall_v find_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v that_o they_o come_v both_o to_o onâ—_n for_o every_o oath_n in_o what_o manner_n soever_o utter_v whether_o bare_o or_o with_o execration_n either_o express_o or_o at_o the_o least_o implicit_o invoke_v god_n both_o as_o a_o witness_n and_o judge_n but_o primary_o and_o pierce_v as_o a_o witness_n secondary_o and_o consequent_o as_o a_o judge_n and_o that_o be_v the_o most_o explicate_v form_n of_o a_o oath_n whereby_o god_n be_v both_o explicit_o call_v to_o witness_v and_o whereunto_o a_o execration_n or_o imprecation_n be_v annex_v as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v swear_v thus_o i_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v
support_v but_o he_o who_o contract_v for_o his_o ransom_n with_o a_o thief_n do_v it_o to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v redeem_v his_o life_n therefore_o have_v redeem_v his_o life_n and_o enjoy_v the_o end_n at_o which_o he_o aim_v he_o ought_v to_o perform_v that_o which_o he_o promise_v four_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o flesh_n ought_v ever_o to_o be_v suspect_v as_o a_o enemy_n unto_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o heart_n and_o a_o trap_n unto_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o conscience_n and_o what_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o flesh_n if_o this_o be_v not_o where_o profit_n seem_v to_o strive_v with_o honesty_n nay_o honesty_n be_v reject_v profit_v to_o be_v embrace_v that_o man_n will_v not_o much_o trouble_v his_o mind_n whether_o money_n promise_v be_v to_o be_v pay_v who_o esteem_v faith_n and_o religion_n beyond_o riches_n and_o quietness_n of_o mind_n beyond_o all_o worldly_a gain_n five_o regulus_n and_o other_o as_o have_v be_v say_v who_o keep_v their_o faith_n with_o enemy_n though_o upon_o the_o hard_a condition_n be_v celebrate_v by_o heathen_a writer_n and_o cicero_n himself_o commend_v pomponius_n the_o tribune_n who_o perform_v that_o whereunto_o he_o swear_v compel_v through_o fear_n add_v this_o applause_n so_o much_o in_o those_o time_n be_v a_o oath_n esteem_v sect_n xvi_o but_o they_o who_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n object_n first_o that_o enemy_n be_v of_o a_o different_a nature_n from_o thief_n and_o pirate_n for_o say_v they_o we_o may_v deal_v with_o enemy_n as_o we_o do_v with_o adversary_n with_o these_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n with_o those_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o therefore_o faith_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v with_o they_o but_o with_o thief_n enemy_n of_o mankind_n there_o be_v no_o society_n of_o law_n and_o therefore_o none_o of_o faith_n i_o answer_v first_o skilful_a lawyer_n affirm_v some_o legal_a rite_n of_o society_n to_o appertain_v even_o unto_o thief_n of_o who_o if_o we_o shall_v borrow_v money_n it_o ought_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o be_v restore_v wherefore_o â—_o pari_fw-la promise_v make_v unto_o thâ—m_n ought_v to_o be_v perform_v second_o though_o no_o performance_n be_v due_a unto_o the_o theeâ—_n as_o a_o person_n unworthy_a thereof_o for_o which_o reason_n breach_n of_o bare_a promise_n may_v perhaps_o be_v more_o excusable_a yet_o ought_v we_o at_o least_o to_o perform_v our_o faith_n unto_o god_n second_o they_o object_n that_o through_o such_o contract_v honest_a man_n may_v be_v undo_v by_o rogue_n which_o will_v be_v a_o public_a mischief_n i_o answer_v nay_o rather_o the_o life_n of_o honest_a man_n save_v from_o rogue_n which_o will_v be_v a_o public_a good_a but_o three_o say_v they_o by_o this_o mean_v robbery_n and_o rapine_n will_v be_v establish_v while_o thief_n pass_v not_o only_o unpunished_a but_o reward_v i_o answer_v if_o it_o be_v so_o it_o be_v so_o only_o by_o accident_n through_o their_o vice_n not_o his_o who_o do_v not_o any_o way_n help_v the_o thief_n nor_o approve_v of_o their_o fact_n by_o promise_v nor_o approve_v of_o it_o by_o perform_v his_o promise_n but_o rather_o in_o provide_v for_o his_o own_o safety_n prevent_v so_o much_o of_o their_o wickedness_n that_o they_o remain_v thief_n only_o and_o not_o murderer_n four_o they_o object_n that_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n arise_v from_o a_o deliberate_a act_n of_o the_o judgement_n and_o will_n where_o the_o will_v therefore_o be_v so_o far_o from_o freedom_n that_o its_o action_n may_v rather_o be_v call_v coaction_n there_o follow_v no_o obligation_n i_o answer_v and_o it_o be_v confess_v by_o all_o that_o the_o will_n can_v be_v force_v there_o may_v indeed_o be_v coaction_n in_o respect_n of_o a_o external_a and_o remote_a principle_n of_o action_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o near_a principle_n which_o in_o all_o humane_a action_n be_v the_o will_n there_o can_v be_v coaction_n he_o therefore_o who_o make_v a_o oath_n unto_o a_o thief_n that_o he_o may_v save_v his_o life_n do_v it_o willing_o with_o a_o unwilling_a mind_n wherefore_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v not_o simple_o but_o mix_o involuntary_a that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o action_n partly_o unwilling_a because_o it_o be_v not_o do_v willing_o partly_o voluntary_a because_o it_o be_v do_v with_o election_n though_o not_o the_o free_a yet_o free_a enough_o to_o deserve_v the_o name_n rather_o of_o voluntary_a then_o involuntary_a because_o choice_n of_o two_o thing_n be_v grant_v unto_o the_o agent_n it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o take_v which_o he_o have_v rather_o and_o he_o will_v who_o have_v rather_o he_o therefore_o be_v not_o true_o say_v to_o have_v swear_v unwilling_o who_o when_o he_o may_v have_v let_v it_o alone_o choose_v rather_o to_o swear_v for_o death_n be_v threaten_v except_o he_o will_v swear_v it_o be_v leave_v to_o his_o choice_n whether_o he_o will_v rather_o suffer_v the_o mischief_n threaten_v or_o be_v redeem_v from_o that_o mischief_n by_o the_o obligation_n of_o a_o oath_n he_o consider_v he_o choose_v to_o be_v oblige_v therefore_o he_o will_v be_v oblige_v and_o he_o who_o confess_v that_o he_o will_v be_v oblige_v argue_v absurd_o that_o he_o be_v constrain_v and_o therefore_o be_v not_o oblige_v five_o they_o object_n that_o the_o traveller_n owe_v the_o thief_n nothing_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o pay_v he_o any_o thing_n see_v as_o have_v be_v say_v all_o obligation_n relate_v unto_o some_o debt_n now_o that_o nothing_o be_v owe_v unto_o the_o thief_n be_v prove_v because_o no_o right_a can_v be_v found_v upon_o injury_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o unjust_a that_o a_o man_n shall_v by_o his_o injurious_a fact_n acquire_v any_o right_n unto_o himself_o therefore_o unto_o the_o thief_n who_o terrify_v the_o traveller_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o honest_a man_n extort_a from_o he_o a_o unjust_a oath_n no_o right_n accrue_v and_o so_o neither_o be_v the_o party_n swear_v oblige_v i_o answer_v a_o twofold_a obligation_n may_v arise_v from_o a_o oath_n one_o unto_o the_o person_n to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v as_o a_o party_n the_o other_o to_o god_n by_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v as_o witness_v and_o revenger_n many_o thing_n may_v hinder_v the_o former_a obligation_n so_o that_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v may_v acquire_v no_o right_a nor_o any_o thing_n in_o conscience_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o from_o the_o party_n swear_v and_o from_o this_o kind_n of_o obligation_n and_o debt_n proceed_v the_o objection_n but_o the_o obligation_n cease_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o man_n who_o offer_v injury_n and_o violence_n yet_o the_o obligation_n make_v unto_o god_n remain_v to_o who_o irreverence_n be_v offer_v when_o a_o man_n admit_v of_o a_o oath_n which_o he_o intend_v not_o to_o fulfil_v and_o injury_n when_o have_v admit_v of_o it_o he_o regard_v it_o not_o sect_n xvii_o one_o case_n yet_o remain_v peculiar_a unto_o this_o place_n and_o that_o be_v where_o a_o man_n fall_v among_o thief_n to_o save_v his_o life_n be_v constrain_v to_o promise_v they_o silence_n by_o a_o oath_n that_o be_v never_o to_o reveal_v their_o theft_n unto_o any_o man_n or_o to_o discover_v their_o name_n unto_o the_o magistrate_n it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o determine_v any_o thing_n in_o this_o kind_n say_v frederick_n baldwine_n late_a professor_n at_o wittenberg_n yet_o add_v that_o he_o think_v it_o safe_o that_o the_o person_n keep_v not_o the_o silence_n promise_v but_o discover_v the_o matter_n unto_o the_o magistrate_n albeit_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o the_o contrary_n it_o seem_v he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o oath_n be_v not_o obligatory_a but_o the_o three_o reason_n he_o give_v as_o he_o propose_v they_o bare_o and_o brief_o without_o further_a confirmation_n give_v i_o no_o satisfaction_n first_o he_o say_v that_o this_o oath_n be_v of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n if_o so_o there_o be_v a_o end_n other_o argument_n be_v needless_a but_o this_o he_o take_v without_o proof_n for_o grant_v if_o it_o be_v think_v unlawful_a because_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o good_a commonwealth_n man_n to_o give_v notice_n of_o lewd_a person_n unto_o the_o magistrate_n that_o so_o they_o may_v receive_v condign_a punishment_n it_o be_v grant_v but_o it_o do_v not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v always_o sin_n not_o to_o give_v notice_n see_v the_o affirmative_a precept_n of_o duty_n oblige_v not_o simple_o unto_o the_o performance_n of_o the_o same_o but_o when_o we_o be_v able_a and_o it_o be_v require_v by_o the_o exigence_n of_o circumstance_n second_o he_o say_v that_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o oath_n seem_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o collusion_n with_o the_o thief_n which_o be_v pronounce_v so_o
without_o any_o scruple_n that_o among_o the_o jew_n from_o the_o time_n this_o custom_n of_o swear_v by_o the_o creature_n wax_v strong_a the_o reverence_n of_o oath_n decay_v very_o much_o be_v most_o apparent_a by_o the_o word_n of_o our_o saviour_n mat._n 5._o &_o 23._o which_o two_o place_n lay_v together_o afford_v a_o sense_n tend_v to_o the_o correction_n of_o a_o double_a perhaps_o a_o treble_a error_n first_o that_o the_o jew_n grant_v unto_o themselves_o so_o they_o abstain_v from_o the_o name_n of_o god_n liberty_n of_o swear_v in_o every_o trifle_n second_o that_o they_o think_v it_o no_o sin_n to_o swear_v though_o by_o god_n if_o that_o be_v true_a which_o they_o swear_v three_o that_o while_o they_o swear_v but_o by_o the_o creature_n and_o not_o by_o god_n they_o think_v a_o falsehood_n no_o perjury_n for_o so_o they_o perverse_o interpret_v that_o place_n thou_o shall_v not_o for_o swear_v thyself_o but_o shall_v render_v thy_o oath_n unto_o the_o lord_n wherefore_o christ_n teach_v that_o oath_n take_v not_o in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n but_o of_o creature_n be_v as_o true_o oath_n and_o as_o full_o obligatory_a as_o those_o wherein_o god_n be_v express_o mention_v and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o former_a case_n sect_n iii_o the_o latter_a case_n be_v of_o a_o oath_n make_v by_o idol_n or_o false_a go_n for_o solution_n of_o the_o doubt_n in_o this_o case_n first_o i_o say_v that_o such_o oath_n be_v simple_o unlawful_a apparent_o idolatrous_a and_o express_o prohibit_v by_o god_n for_o they_o direct_v the_o true_a worship_n due_a unto_o the_o true_a god_n only_o unto_o god_n which_o be_v not_o true_a contrary_a unto_o the_o precept_n deut._n 6._o 13._o thou_o shall_v fear_v the_o lord_n thy_o god_n and_o serve_v he_o and_o swear_v by_o his_o name_n and_o god_n himself_o grievous_o upbraid_v his_o people_n with_o this_o sin_n jer._n 5._o 7._o how_o say_v he_o shall_v i_o pardon_v thou_o for_o this_o thy_o child_n have_v forsake_v i_o and_o swear_v by_o they_o that_o be_v no_o go_n second_o i_o say_v that_o such_o oath_n oblige_v upon_o pain_n of_o perjury_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o that_o he_o who_o have_v violate_v his_o faith_n so_o give_v in_o a_o lawful_a thing_n be_v perjure_v so_o say_v augustine_n because_o he_o have_v swear_v by_o such_o as_o he_o ought_v not_o and_o do_v contrary_a to_o his_o oath_n that_o which_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v he_o have_v commit_v double_a sin_n and_o again_o he_o who_o swear_v by_o a_o stone_n if_o he_o swear_v a_o falsehood_n be_v perjure_v you_o may_v perhaps_o object_n that_o this_o wherein_o god_n be_v not_o invoke_v witness_n see_v a_o false_a god_n be_v no_o god_n can_v be_v no_o oath_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o obligatory_a i_o answer_v though_o a_o false_a god_n be_v indeed_o no_o god_n because_o as_o truth_n and_o ens_fw-la so_o falsehood_n and_o non_fw-la ens_fw-la be_v convertible_a he_o be_v nevertheless_o a_o god_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o he_o who_o swear_v which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o induce_v obligation_n and_o therefore_o such_o a_o one_o ex_fw-la hypothesi_fw-la be_v a_o true_a oath_n to_o wit_n the_o erroneous_a conscience_n of_o the_o party_n suppose_v forasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v bind_v in_o conscience_n to_o perform_v the_o thing_n which_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o conscience_n he_o have_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n where_o faith_n swear_v by_o a_o false_a god_n be_v violate_v injury_n be_v do_v unto_o the_o true_a god_n because_o the_o party_n swear_v though_o under_o false_a mark_n yet_o by_o a_o general_a comprehension_n reflect_v upon_o divine_a power_n whence_o augustine_n the_o stone_n do_v not_o bear_v thou_o speak_v but_o god_n punish_v thou_o not_o perform_v allude_v as_o i_o conceive_v unto_o the_o solemn_a rite_n of_o the_o roman_n where_o the_o party_n swear_v hold_v a_o flint_n in_o his_o hand_n and_o pronounce_v these_o word_n if_o i_o know_o deceive_v let_v jupiter_n cast_v i_o from_o all_o good_a man_n as_o i_o this_o stone_n which_o say_v he_o throw_v the_o stone_n immediate_o from_o he_o and_o they_o who_o have_v perform_v this_o ceremony_n be_v say_v jupiter_fw-la lapidem_fw-la jurare_fw-la he_o therefore_o who_o forswear_v by_o a_o false_a god_n shall_v find_v the_o true_a god_n revenger_n of_o his_o perjury_n and_o contempt_n of_o divine_a power_n and_o religion_n say_v the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n nay_o augustine_n be_v so_o confident_a that_o he_o fear_v not_o to_o affirm_v it_o less_o evil_a to_o swear_v by_o a_o false_a god_n true_o then_o by_o the_o true_a god_n false_o which_o speech_n of_o he_o may_v not_o be_v understand_v at_o large_a and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n but_o strict_o as_o to_o the_o falsehood_n and_o perjury_n which_o in_o that_o place_n be_v only_o consider_v three_o i_o say_v upon_o the_o obligatory_a power_n of_o this_o kind_n of_o oath_n depend_v the_o solution_n of_o that_o question_n which_o be_v put_v by_o one_o publicola_n unto_o bless_a augustine_n handle_v at_o large_a by_o the_o author_n in_o his_o whole_a epistle_n 15._o 4._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o require_v a_o oath_n of_o one_o who_o we_o know_v will_v swear_v by_o idol_n augustine_n hold_v the_o affirmative_a and_o prove_v it_o first_o by_o example_n of_o abraham_n who_o confirm_v the_o league_n contract_v with_o abimelech_n by_o oath_n mutual_o give_v and_o receive_v gen._n 21._o and_o of_o jacob_n covenant_n make_v with_o laban_n gen._n 31._o then_o by_o reason_n because_o otherwise_o there_o will_v be_v no_o convenient_a mean_n whereby_o league_n may_v be_v make_v and_o public_a faith_n and_o peace_n preserve_v with_o idolater_n nor_o do_v the_o true_a god_n any_o where_o forbid_v the_o good_a use_n of_o faith_n though_o wicked_o swear_v by_o false_a god_n if_o it_o be_v say_v that_o this_o be_v to_o partake_v of_o another_o sin_n augustine_n answer_v we_o do_v not_o by_o this_o mean_n associate_v ourselves_o with_o he_o who_o swear_v by_o false_a god_n devil_n in_o the_o evil_a of_o sin_n but_o in_o the_o good_a of_o his_o contract_n whereby_o he_o engage_v and_o perform_v his_o faith_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o second_o doubt_n sect_n iv._o the_o three_o doubt_n follow_v which_o consider_v the_o manner_n of_o expression_n and_o verbal_a form_n of_o a_o oath_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o doubt_n be_v that_o see_v every_o oath_n true_o and_o formal_o such_o oblige_v under_o guilt_n of_o perjury_n but_o not_o such_o form_n as_o be_v not_o oath_n it_o be_v needful_a we_o shall_v be_v able_a among_o those_o form_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v oath_n by_o some_o note_n or_o character_n to_o know_v which_o be_v and_o which_o be_v not_o proper_o and_o formal_o oath_n in_o which_o matter_n i_o confess_v of_o so_o many_o of_o the_o casuist_n as_o in_o this_o straightness_n of_o time_n i_o can_v peruse_v i_o find_v none_o satisfactory_a some_o of_o they_o touch_v this_o question_n light_o other_o handle_v it_o indistinct_o to_o the_o end_n therefore_o i_o may_v propose_v something_o concern_v this_o point_n more_o distinct_o as_o my_o haste_n to_o other_o thing_n will_v permit_v it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o unto_o a_o bare_a assertion_n or_o promise_n some_o confirmation_n of_o faith_n be_v usual_o add_v and_o that_o by_o asseveration_n obtestation_n or_o by_o a_o oath_n which_o three_o albeit_o they_o may_v seem_v little_a distant_a and_o rather_o to_o differ_v in_o degree_n then_o kind_a nevertheless_o intrinsical_o formal_o and_o specifical_o they_o be_v each_o distinct_a from_o other_o it_o be_v true_a this_o distinction_n through_o their_o affinity_n the_o end_n at_o which_o they_o aim_v and_o word_n whereby_o they_o be_v express_v be_v oftentimes_o so_o obscure_a that_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a either_o not_o altogether_o to_o confound_v they_o or_o skilful_o and_o dexterous_o to_o distinguish_v they_o wherefore_o that_o every_o one_o of_o these_o may_v be_v the_o better_o discern_v from_o other_o four_o thing_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o trial_n of_o every_o form_n of_o speech_n whether_o it_o be_v a_o oath_n a_o obtestation_n or_o mere_a asseveration_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v viz._n the_o form_n of_o word_n the_o proper_a and_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o same_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v sect_n v._o first_o it_o may_v be_v sometime_o sufficient_o apparent_a by_o the_o very_a form_n of_o the_o word_n whether_o a_o man_n have_v swear_v or_o not_o swear_v unto_o i_o that_o you_o will_v give_v i_o a_o hundred_o i_o swear_v or_o by_o god_n i_o will_v or_o i_o promise_v before_o god_n i_o will_v or_o as_o god_n help_v i_o i_o will_v give_v you_o they_o if_o any_o
conceal_v his_o meaning_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o auditor_n understand_v one_o thing_n and_o he_o another_o this_o be_v that_o verbal_a equivocation_n which_o among_o some_o other_o casuist_n and_o scholastics_n the_o jesuit_n especial_o maintain_v and_o practice_v example_n whereof_o be_v most_o frequent_o find_v in_o assertory_n oath_n because_o by_o their_o doctrine_n the_o chief_a use_n of_o this_o equivocation_n be_v when_o a_o man_n examine_v by_o a_o impotent_a judge_n or_o not_o legal_o or_o have_v some_o other_o reason_n to_o dissemble_v the_o truth_n fit_v the_o word_n uâ—to_fw-mi his_o occasion_n by_o change_v their_o genuine_a sense_n into_o one_o more_o strain_v and_o remote_a from_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n as_o if_o a_o jesuit_n apprehend_v shall_v swear_v that_o he_o be_v a_o smith_n mean_v that_o his_o name_n be_v smith_n or_o a_o apprentice_n command_v to_o tell_v where_o his_o master_n be_v shall_v swear_v he_o die_v a_o month_n ago_o mean_v that_o he_o then_o die_v stocking_n the_o like_a may_v happen_v in_o promissory_a oath_n as_o if_o a_o general_n have_v make_v a_o truce_n with_o a_o enemy_n for_o ten_o day_n shall_v give_v he_o a_o camifado_n because_o in_o the_o capitulation_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o day_n only_o not_o of_o the_o night_n livy_n and_o other_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o the_o ten_o roman_n take_v by_o hannibal_n and_o after_o they_o have_v swear_v upon_o certain_a condition_n to_o return_v unto_o his_o camp_n dismiss_v one_o of_o which_o say_v he_o other_o say_z two_o most_o unlike_a a_o roman_a return_v the_o same_o day_n pretend_v something_o forget_v but_o intend_v to_o absolve_v himself_o of_o his_o promise_n and_o before_o night_n overtake_v his_o companion_n which_o deceitful_a trick_n of_o his_o be_v account_v so_o base_a that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o scorn_v by_o the_o vulgar_a brand_v with_o ignominy_n by_o the_o censor_n but_o adjudge_v by_o the_o senate_n to_o be_v take_v and_o by_o a_o public_a guard_n deliver_v unto_o hannibal_n nevertheless_o jesuit_n so_o vigorous_o defend_v this_o equivocation_n that_o jo._n molanus_n professor_n at_o louvain_n justify_v the_o murder_n of_o john_n huss_n perpetrate_v against_o the_o public_a faith_n engage_v unto_o he_o for_o his_o safe_a conduct_n for_o this_o reason_n that_o the_o conduct_v undertake_v for_o his_o safe_a come_n not_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o return_n and_o now_o let_v jesuit_n confident_o complain_v of_o the_o great_a injury_n do_v they_o while_o we_o say_v they_o hold_v faith_n not_o to_o be_v keep_v with_o heretic_n for_o if_o this_o be_v to_o keep_v faith_n they_o need_v not_o much_o trouble_v themselves_o with_o whosoever_o it_o be_v contract_v whether_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v keep_v or_o break_v but_o whole_a book_n of_o this_o jesuitism_n be_v large_o and_o solid_o confute_v by_o the_o reverend_a father_n in_o christ_n john_n morton_n now_o bishop_n of_o duresm_n henry_n mason_n and_o other_o of_o our_o countryman_n worthy_a the_o perusal_n of_o such_o as_o desire_v further_a satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n our_o result_n be_v that_o the_o party_n swear_v after_o this_o manner_n both_o sin_v in_o his_o equivocal_a oath_n and_o be_v notwithstanding_o that_o tacit_a equivocation_n bind_v in_o conscience_n unto_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n in_o that_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n yield_v of_o themselves_o and_o be_v without_o constraint_n apt_a to_o beget_v upon_o the_o mind_n of_o other_o unless_o he_o act_v according_o he_o be_v not_o guiltless_a of_o perjury_n sect_n iv._o some_o reason_n of_o this_o assertion_n i_o have_v already_o allege_v in_o the_o confirmation_n of_o our_o first_o hypothesis_n i_o shall_v now_o add_v but_o brief_o a_o few_o more_o the_o first_o a_o oath_n according_a unto_o the_o sum_n of_o that_o hypothesis_n aught_o to_o be_v most_o simple_o and_o effectual_o understand_v unto_o which_o simplicity_n this_o artifice_n of_o industrious_a ambiguity_n be_v repugnant_a the_o second_o it_o be_v a_o great_a profanation_n of_o the_o name_n of_o god_n to_o invoke_v he_o as_o witness_v and_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o attest_v the_o truth_n of_o word_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v for_o what_o be_v this_o if_o not_o as_o far_o as_o lie_v in_o man_n power_n to_o make_v god_n who_o can_v neither_o deceive_v nor_o be_v deceive_v a_o impostor_n and_o patron_n of_o base_a dissimulation_n the_o three_o equivocation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o very_a institution_n and_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n who_o chief_a use_n be_v to_o be_v a_o end_n of_o strife_n and_o controversy_n and_o to_o give_v as_o certain_a security_n in_o uncertain_a thing_n as_o humane_a nature_n be_v able_a to_o afford_v it_o be_v expediendarum_fw-la litium_fw-la maximum_fw-la remedium_fw-la but_o that_o certainty_n which_o we_o seek_v in_o a_o oath_n be_v losâ—_n in_o equivocation_n for_o what_o certainty_n can_v there_o be_v in_o his_o answer_n who_o meaning_n be_v uncertainty_n nor_o be_v controversy_n thus_o end_v but_o aggravate_v the_o four_o the_o party_n so_o swear_v delude_v his_o neighbour_n and_o know_o deceive_v contrary_a to_o the_o precept_n ne_o juret_fw-la in_o dolo_fw-la and_o to_o the_o ancient_a form_n si_fw-mi sciens_fw-la fallo_fw-la the_o five_o promise_v in_o the_o promissory_a be_v as_o affirmation_n and_o negation_n be_v in_o the_o assertory_n and_o contain_v a_o answer_n unto_o the_o question_n or_o interrogatory_n propose_v by_o the_o deferent_a which_o unless_o it_o quadrate_n and_o agree_v with_o the_o interrogatory_n propose_v be_v no_o truth_n but_o a_o lie_n for_o out_o of_o the_o question_n and_o the_o answer_n spring_v as_o it_o be_v one_o proposition_n which_o must_v be_v utter_o false_a where_o the_o answer_n be_v make_v in_o a_o different_a sense_n from_o that_o wherein_o the_o question_n be_v ask_v noâ—_n do_v that_o qualification_n to_o which_o the_o patron_n of_o this_o simulation_n fly_v afford_v they_o refuge_n to_o wit_n that_o we_o may_v not_o use_v this_o equivocation_n at_o our_o pleasure_n but_o only_o before_o a_o incompetent_a judge_n such_o as_o have_v no_o right_a to_o require_v a_o oath_n or_o who_o compel_v we_o to_o swear_v without_o just_a cause_n or_o exact_v that_o which_o be_v not_o due_a or_o the_o like_a but_o to_o omit_v that_o these_o be_v but_o their_o bare_a allegation_n only_o not_o confirm_v by_o authority_n of_o scripture_n of_o the_o ancient_a church_n or_o indeed_o of_o good_a and_o solid_a reason_n the_o force_n of_o these_o argument_n by_o which_o we_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a be_v neither_o overthrow_v nor_o weaken_v by_o this_o qualification_n and_o although_o it_o shall_v be_v grant_v that_o a_o unjust_a force_n may_v null_n that_o obligation_n make_v to_o man_n because_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a that_o a_o unjust_a act_n shall_v acquire_v any_o right_n yet_o no_o injury_n do_v unto_o we_o by_o man_n can_v give_v we_o just_a cause_n to_o injure_v god_n by_o cast_v off_o that_o obligation_n which_o we_o make_v unto_o he_o the_o searcher_n of_o heart_n to_o who_o such_o right_a by_o every_o oath_n occur_v through_o the_o invocation_n of_o his_o name_n to_o conclude_v this_o jesuitical_a doctrine_n license_v the_o lust_n of_o lie_v and_o perjury_n unto_o impious_a man_n notwithstanding_o that_o qualification_n which_o though_o it_o remain_v yet_o the_o sole_a judgement_n when_o it_o be_v and_o when_o not_o expedient_a to_o use_v it_o be_v leave_v unto_o the_o party_n swear_v wherefore_o if_o a_o man_n against_o right_n and_o reason_n be_v constrain_v to_o swear_v he_o ought_v either_o absolute_o to_o refuse_v the_o oath_n or_o to_o take_v it_o in_o that_o sense_n wherein_o it_o be_v give_v without_o simulation_n or_o equivocation_n sect_n v._o the_o three_o case_n ally_v unto_o this_o be_v of_o mental_a reservation_n which_o the_o jesuit_n defend_v with_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o define_v with_o the_o same_o qualification_n they_o do_v verbal_a equivocation_n for_o as_o in_o that_o by_o wrest_v the_o word_n pronounce_v unto_o another_o sense_n so_o in_o this_o by_o some_o addition_n not_o pronounce_v but_o conceive_v in_o mind_n the_o party_n swear_v elude_v the_o interrogatory_n so_o they_o say_v a_o priest_n if_o he_o be_v examine_v by_o a_o heretical_a magistrate_n whether_o he_o be_v a_o priest_n may_v answer_v that_o he_o be_v no_o priest_n meaning_n of_o bacchus_n or_o apollo_n and_o a_o adulterous_a wife_n if_o she_o be_v question_v of_o adultery_n by_o her_o jealous_a husband_n may_v swear_v unto_o he_o that_o she_o commit_v not_o adultery_n mean_v not_o to_o the_o end_n to_o tell_v he_o the_o like_a they_o hold_v in_o promissory_a oath_n that_o a_o traveller_n to_o save_v his_o life_n may_v swear_v to_o give_v money_n unto_o a_o thief_n though_o he_o never_o intend_v it_o provide_v
all_o obligation_n both_o towards_o god_n and_o man_n five_o i_o say_v that_o solution_n of_o the_o bond_n by_o relaxation_n of_o the_o party_n extend_v so_o far_o as_o please_v the_o party_n relax_v as_o if_o caius_n have_v swear_v to_o pay_v titius_n a_o hundred_o pound_n and_o titius_n have_v afterward_o remit_v fifty_o pound_n the_o obligation_n be_v not_o whole_o absolve_v but_o in_o part_n that_o be_v the_o bond_n as_o to_o the_o fifty_o pound_n remit_v be_v void_a but_o it_o remain_v good_a as_o to_o the_o fifty_o pound_n not_o remit_v again_o if_o caius_n have_v swear_v to_o pay_v titius_n a_o hundred_o pound_n within_o 20_o day_n and_o titius_n perceive_v that_o caius_n can_v without_o inconvenience_n unto_o himself_o pay_v the_o money_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v give_v he_o other_o twenty_o day_n this_o relaxation_n make_v by_o dilation_n or_o propagation_n of_o the_o time_n remit_v so_o much_o of_o the_o obligation_n that_o he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n within_o the_o time_n limit_v by_o his_o oath_n yet_o he_o be_v bind_v and_o that_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o first_o oath_n to_o make_v payment_n within_o forty_o day_n six_o i_o say_v that_o relaxation_n by_o a_o party_n be_v of_o force_n so_o far_o as_o that_o party_n be_v concern_v but_o be_v not_o of_o force_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o a_o three_o person_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o any_o man_n may_v by_o act_n remit_v as_o much_o of_o his_o own_o right_a as_o he_o please_v but_o no_o man_n can_v diminish_v the_o right_n of_o another_o without_o his_o knowledge_n and_o against_o his_o will_n let_v man_n therefore_o so_o recede_v from_o their_o own_o that_o the_o right_n of_o other_o receive_v no_o detriment_n thus_o abraham_n gen._n 14._o recede_v from_o his_o right_n when_o after_o the_o victory_n win_v upon_o the_o four_o king_n he_o bestow_v his_o whole_a share_n of_o the_o spoil_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o sodom_n reserve_v unto_o the_o three_o commander_n his_o fellow_n in_o arm_n their_o due_a proportion_n whence_o caius_n swear_v to_o pay_v a_o hundred_o pound_n unto_o titius_n and_o julius_n if_o titius_n pardon_v he_o his_o part_n of_o the_o debt_n he_o be_v absolve_v as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v due_a unto_o titius_n but_o remain_v bind_v as_o to_o that_o which_o be_v due_a unto_o julius_n upon_o the_o same_o ground_n relaxation_n by_o consent_n of_o the_o party_n avail_v nothing_o in_o contract_n of_o marriage_n because_o therein_o man_n profit_n be_v not_o regard_v only_o but_o the_o ordinance_n of_o god_n also_o to_o who_o great_a injury_n will_v be_v do_v if_o that_o contract_n though_o with_o mutual_a consent_n of_o the_o party_n shall_v be_v violate_v for_o the_o virtue_n and_o and_o efficacy_n which_o this_o relaxation_n whereof_o we_o now_o speak_v have_v to_o nats_n obligation_n suppose_v that_o act_n which_o introduce_v obligation_n to_o have_v consider_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o good_a and_o profit_v only_o of_o the_o party_n relax_v if_o any_o other_o party_n be_v by_o right_a of_o his_o own_o interest_v that_o the_o obligation_n shall_v not_o be_v remit_v the_o obligation_n be_v not_o remit_v sect_n ix_o now_o the_o sum_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v concern_v solution_n of_o the_o bond_n in_o a_o oath_n be_v brief_o this_o that_o the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n can_v be_v release_v by_o dispensation_n of_o any_o superior_a or_o commutation_n so_o as_o to_o free_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o party_n swear_v from_o performance_n of_o the_o promise_n but_o may_v nevertheless_o be_v rescind_v and_o make_v void_a by_o a_o superior_a have_v lawful_a authority_n cease_v through_o defect_n of_o the_o matter_n or_o be_v relax_v by_o he_o unto_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v so_o as_o to_o lose_v all_o strength_n of_o obligation_n the_o promise_n which_o i_o make_v at_o my_o entrance_n upon_o the_o office_n of_o public_a professor_n be_v now_o by_o god_n assistance_n perform_v according_a to_o my_o talon_n with_o as_o much_o brevity_n perspicuity_n and_o fidelity_n as_o i_o have_v be_v able_a i_o think_v fit_a to_o add_v some_o few_o admonition_n concern_v the_o use_n and_o abuse_v of_o oath_n as_o corollary_n whereby_o our_o life_n and_o conscience_n may_v be_v profitable_o direct_v not_o by_o way_n of_o exhortation_n as_o they_o use_v in_o sermon_n but_o remember_v i_o teach_v in_o the_o school_n and_o not_o in_o the_o church_n by_o way_n of_o thesis_n or_o practical_a conclusion_n brief_o propose_v and_o clear_o explain_v sect_n x._o the_o first_o conclusion_n be_v against_o anabaptist_n and_o socinian_o that_o the_o use_n of_o oath_n be_v lawful_a i_o prove_v it_o first_o by_o the_o practice_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n the_o godly_a patriarch_n swear_v controversy_n be_v determine_v by_o oath_n according_a to_o the_o institution_n of_o moses_n in_o the_o law_n the_o prophet_n prescribe_v the_o condition_n of_o oath_n to_o be_v observe_v nor_o can_v any_o just_a reason_n be_v render_v why_o this_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o pious_a under_o the_o old_a and_o not_o for_o the_o faithful_a under_o the_o new_a testament_n see_v it_o be_v apparent_a from_o the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n who_o use_n be_v perpetual_a that_o it_o appertain_v not_o unto_o the_o ceremonial_a law_n abrogate_a by_o christ_n and_o from_o the_o form_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v nothing_o common_a with_o the_o type_n i_o prove_v it_o second_o by_o the_o example_n of_o god_n of_o angel_n of_o apostle_n those_o be_v often_o introduce_v in_o holy_a scripture_n swear_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n these_o historical_o three_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o all_o nation_n who_o direct_v by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n have_v judge_v the_o bond_n of_o a_o oath_n for_o the_o convenience_n of_o civil_a society_n the_o sure_a confirmation_n of_o faith_n than_o which_o there_o can_v be_v no_o clear_a discovery_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n four_o from_o the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o be_v the_o confinmation_n of_o truth_n in_o doubtful_a matter_n where_o all_o other_o proof_n be_v defiâ—int_a which_o end_n see_v it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o compose_n and_o determination_n of_o controversy_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o necessary_a mean_n unto_o the_o end_n shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o lawful_a five_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n contain_v nothing_o in_o itself_o which_o be_v intrinsical_o evil_a for_o neither_o be_v a_o religious_a act_n evil_a nor_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o doubtful_a thing_n evil_a nor_o invocation_n of_o divine_a testimony_n evil_a of_o which_o member_n the_o essential_a definition_n of_o a_o oath_n consist_v sect_n xi_o the_o second_o conclusion_n the_o use_n of_o oath_n in_o common_a discourse_n be_v unlawful_a the_o first_o proof_n be_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o oath_n because_o every_o religious_a act_n be_v a_o part_n of_o divine_a wotship_n ought_v to_o be_v perform_v with_o due_a reverence_n and_o with_o some_o both_o preparation_n and_o attention_n all_o which_o must_v needs_o be_v far_o off_o when_o oath_n be_v rash_o scatter_v without_o judgement_n or_o heedless_o without_o consideration_n the_o second_o from_o the_o end_n which_o be_v the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o doubtful_a business_n see_v our_o ordinary_a discourse_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o frivolous_a matter_n which_o either_o be_v not_o doubtful_a or_o not_o of_o moment_n to_o require_v religious_a confirmation_n or_o if_o they_o be_v will_v be_v little_o more_o credit_v for_o his_o oath_n who_o make_v swear_v his_o common_a custom_n for_o such_o will_v be_v assoon_o believe_v if_o that_o which_o they_o say_v seem_v true_a without_o a_o oath_n or_o if_o otherwise_o no_o whit_n the_o soon_o for_o swear_v the_o three_o from_o the_o cause_n whence_o such_o kind_n of_o oath_n be_v derive_v which_o be_v either_o a_o vicious_a habit_n contract_v by_o long_a and_o pernicious_a custom_n which_o habit_n be_v the_o fruit_n and_o mark_v of_o a_o profane_a if_o not_o atheistical_a heart_n or_o some_o exorbitant_a perturbation_n of_o the_o mindâ—_n as_o excessive_a anger_n intemperate_a joy_n with_o which_o while_o the_o mind_n boil_v the_o mouth_n foam_v to_o the_o dishonour_n of_o god_n and_o at_o which_o those_o word_n of_o james_n seem_v peculiarly_a to_o aim_v chap._n 5._o vers_fw-la 1â—_n but_o above_o all_o thing_n my_o brethren_n swear_v not_o neither_o by_o heaven_n neither_o by_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o forego_n verâ—es_n he_o exhort_v the_o faithful_a to_o suffer_v injury_n with_o patience_n and_o in_o the_o follow_a uâ—râ—e_n teach_v the_o christian_a how_o to_o entertain_v himself_o whether_o he_o be_v sad_a or_o cheerful_a a_o place_n worthy_a to_o be_v the_o exercise_n of_o learned_a man_n and_o something_o more_o diligent_o consider_v then_o as_o yet_o it_o have_v be_v by_o
common_a speech_n to_o be_v repugnant_a unto_o a_o former_a oath_n lawful_o take_v three_o who_o compel_v another_o to_o swear_v unto_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n to_o wit_n against_o his_o duty_n to_o god_n to_o his_o superior_n against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n against_o a_o good_a life_n four_o who_o offer_v a_o oath_n of_o ambiguous_a sense_n or_o any_o way_n captious_a thereby_o to_o ensnare_v the_o conscience_n life_n liberty_n or_o fortune_n of_o his_o neighbour_n five_o who_o without_o necessity_n either_o terrify_v any_o person_n by_o threaten_n compel_v he_o by_o authority_n or_o inveigle_v he_o by_o persuasion_n example_n deceit_n or_o other_o mean_n to_o a_o oath_n which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v against_o the_o conscience_n of_o that_o person_n will_v to_o god_n all_o such_o as_o be_v in_o authority_n will_v serious_o consider_v with_o what_o a_o foul_a and_o indelible_a brand_n jeroboam_n the_o son_n of_o nebat_fw-la have_v stigmatise_v his_o name_n and_o conscience_n in_o cause_v the_o people_n of_o israel_n to_o sin_n and_o how_o grievous_o they_o provoke_v the_o lord_n to_o wrath_n who_o abuse_v the_o power_n he_o have_v give_v they_o for_o the_o edification_n unto_o the_o destruction_n of_o other_o sect_n fourteen_o the_o five_o conclusion_n a_o oath_n be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v with_o a_o reluct_v and_o unsatisfy_a conscience_n the_o first_o proof_n because_o that_o which_o be_v not_o of_o faith_n be_v sin_n the_o second_o because_o we_o ought_v to_o swear_v in_o judgement_n which_o certain_o he_o do_v not_o who_o go_v against_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o conscience_n the_o three_o because_o such_o a_o action_n must_v needs_o be_v occasion_v by_o regard_n have_v unto_o some_o temporal_a advantage_n or_o fear_v of_o some_o loss_n or_o hope_v of_o some_o profit_n or_o desire_v to_o obtain_v favour_n or_o the_o like_a and_o how_o ill_o do_v it_o become_v a_o christian_n to_o prefer_v the_o world_n before_o god_n dirt_n before_o heaven_n the_o body_n before_o the_o soul_n temporal_a gain_n before_o eternal_a joy_n the_o folly_n of_o this_o before_o the_o hope_n of_o eternal_a life_n external_a peace_n before_o the_o quiet_a of_o conscience_n the_o four_o because_o the_o party_n so_o swear_v evident_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o perjury_n for_o he_o who_o through_o fear_n or_o hope_v of_o any_o temporal_a loss_n or_o gain_n may_v be_v induce_v to_o swear_v will_v hardly_o if_o the_o like_a fear_n or_o hope_v dissuade_v be_v induce_v to_o perform_v his_o oath_n and_o yet_o heathen_n themselves_o have_v number_v perjury_n among_o the_o most_o heinous_a crime_n which_o kindle_v the_o anger_n of_o the_o immortal_a god_n not_o against_o the_o guilty_a only_o and_o their_o posterity_n but_o even_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o whole_a nation_n how_o much_o more_o ought_v we_o acknowledge_v the_o only_a true_a god_n who_o have_v solemn_o profess_v that_o he_o will_v not_o hold_v he_o guiltless_a that_o take_v his_o name_n in_o vain_a to_o fear_v and_o tremble_v lest_o while_o we_o behold_v on_o every_o side_n the_o plentiful_a and_o luxurious_a crop_n of_o oath_n and_o perjury_n grow_v already_o ripe_a for_o the_o harvest_n god_n the_o most_o just_a judge_n to_o the_o utter_a destruction_n of_o so_o perfidious_a and_o profane_a a_o generation_n shall_v instant_o thrust_v in_o the_o sharp_a sickle_n of_o his_o judgement_n we_o have_v already_o be_v sensible_a that_o our_o most_o merciful_a father_n be_v provoke_v unto_o wrath_n and_o his_o infinite_a patience_n wound_v and_o as_o i_o may_v say_v overcome_v with_o our_o intolerable_a wickedness_n convert_v into_o fury_n where_o all_o be_v extreme_a it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o say_v for_o what_o particular_a crime_n yet_o certain_o he_o who_o serious_o consider_v how_o far_o we_o have_v be_v since_o god_n have_v smite_v we_o with_o a_o more_o heavy_a hand_n from_o bewail_v those_o most_o grievous_a sin_n of_o oath_n and_o perjury_n nay_o rather_o how_o vast_o they_o be_v increase_v here_o through_o the_o uncontrolled_a and_o unpunished_a licentiousness_n of_o oath_n and_o blasphemy_n there_o through_o the_o foul_a hypocrisy_n of_o perjury_n hide_v under_o the_o specious_a pretence_n of_o religion_n can_v choose_v but_o think_v upon_o those_o word_n of_o the_o prophet_n jeremiah_n through_o oath_n the_o land_n mourn_v wherefore_o man_n father_n and_o brethren_n i_o beseech_v you_o as_o many_o as_o be_v here_o present_a and_o all_o wherever_o they_o be_v who_o wish_v well_o unto_o the_o public_a peace_n of_o this_o church_n and_o kingdom_n or_o to_o the_o private_a of_o their_o own_o soul_n and_o conscience_n that_o we_o take_v most_o diligent_a heed_n lest_o we_o fall_v into_o contempt_n of_o god_n most_o holy_a name_n and_o violation_n of_o our_o own_o faith_n that_o we_o fly_v all_o unnecessary_a oath_n constant_o refuse_v those_o which_o be_v unlawful_o requiâ—ed_v faithful_o perform_v those_o which_o we_o have_v lawful_o take_v as_o far_o as_o be_v in_o our_o power_n courageous_o restrain_v the_o licentiousness_n of_o sin_n in_o oath_n and_o continual_o implore_v our_o great_a and_o good_a god_n that_o he_o will_v give_v we_o be_v teach_v by_o his_o correction_n and_o humble_v under_o his_o most_o powerful_a hand_n heart_n to_o fly_v unto_o his_o mercy_n to_o acknowledge_v his_o justice_n to_o implore_v his_o grace_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o all_o our_o sin_n amendment_n of_o our_o life_n and_o salvation_n of_o our_o soul_n by_o and_o through_o the_o merit_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n to_o who_o with_o the_o father_n and_o the_o holy_a spirit_n three_o person_n and_o one_o god_n be_v the_o kingdom_n the_o power_n and_o the_o glory_n for_o ever_o and_o ever_o amen_n amen_n finis_fw-la a_o exact_a and_o large_a table_n of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a thing_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n the_o number_n denote_v the_o page_n abraham_n league_n with_o abimelech_n 163_o accessary_n extinct_a by_o the_o principal_a cease_n 249_o act_n of_o a_o oath_n imply_v reverence_n of_o the_o divine_a name_n 8_o advisement_n to_o be_v take_v before_o one_o swear_v 206_o all_o obligation_n to_o duty_n respect_v duty_n de_fw-fr futuro_fw-la 30_o any_o man_n may_v recede_v from_o his_o own_o right_n 252_o asseveration_n attestation_n and_o oath_n differ_v 164_o assuerusâ—is_n â—is_z oath_n to_o esther_n 96_o b._n bond_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v indispensable_a 234._o 247_o by_o my_o faith_n and_o by_o my_o truth_n be_v oath_n 167._o 175_o c._n child_n oath_n 109_o christ_n general_o forbid_v unnecessary_a oath_n 171_o commutation_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v unlawful_a 242._o confirmation_n the_o true_a end_n of_o a_o oath_n 13_o conscience_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o fear_v of_o punishment_n 27_o cydias_n his_o oath_n 240_o d._n david_n oath_n touch_v nabal_n 19_o debt_n twofold_a 25_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n dictate_v of_o conscience_n bind_v we_o not_o to_o act_v against_o it_o 84_o difference_n between_o a_o oath_n and_o a_o vow_n 10._o between_o a_o oath_n and_o a_o assertion_n ibid._n in_o doubtful_a matter_n the_o safe_a part_n be_v to_o be_v take_v 53_o doubt_v of_o a_o oath_n 223_o drunken_a man_n oath_n 111._o it_o be_v unfit_a for_o they_o to_o swear_v 112_o duty_n of_o subject_n perpetual_o obligatory_a 246_o e._n efficient_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n twofold_a 105_o egyptian_n oath_n 157._o 170_o enrage_v man_n oath_n 111._o it_o be_v unfit_a for_o they_o to_o swear_v 112_o error_n in_o the_o substance_n make_v the_o oath_n invalid_a 134_o every_o oath_n be_v in_o its_o nature_n bind_v 30_o evil_n can_v receive_v no_o validity_n from_o a_o oath_n 76_o exception_n and_o condition_n to_o be_v prefumed_a in_o oath_n 54_o excessive_a curiosity_n of_o method_n to_o be_v avoid_v 65_o extent_n and_o latitude_n of_o a_o oath_n 215_o f._n faith_n and_o justice_n firm_a bond_n of_o humane_a society_n 14._o final_a cause_n of_o a_o oath_n 16._o 218_o first_o and_o second_o intention_n of_o a_o oath_n 216_o force_n of_o word_n 167_o form_n of_o oath_n 149_o form_n of_o word_n 165_o g._n god_n swear_v 21_o god_n chief_o call_v for_o a_o witness_n in_o all_o oath_n 8._o especial_o in_o true_a and_o formal_a oath_n 9_o god_n be_v invocate_v in_o all_o oath_n 10_o god_n not_o to_o be_v invocate_v as_o witness_v but_o in_o doubt_n worthy_a his_o vindication_n 93_o h._n hannibal_n oath_n 108_o habit_n of_o swear_v 220_o heir_n of_o the_o party_n sâ—earing_v how_o far_o bind_v by_o his_o oath_n 126_o herod_n oath_n 4._o 19_o 97_o he_o that_o swear_v by_o idol_n swear_v by_o they_o he_o think_v to_o be_v go_n 9_o how_o to_o know_v whether_o a_o man_n have_v swear_v oâ—â—o_o 163_o i._n jacob_n covenant_n with_o laban_n 163_o jesuit_n defend_v aequivocation_n 194_o impossible_a thing_n oblige_v not_o 60._o thing_n may_v be_v impossible_a three_o way_n ibid._n
worship_n so_o in_o the_o duty_n of_o our_o life_n especial_o in_o contract_n promise_n vow_n and_o oath_n be_v enjoin_v the_o present_a text_n that_o i_o may_v omit_v other_o require_v of_o he_o who_o take_v a_o oath_n in_o express_a term_n that_o he_o do_v according_a to_o all_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n ut_fw-la omnino_fw-la faciat_fw-la that_o be_v that_o both_o at_o that_o time_n he_o faithful_o intend_v to_o do_v and_o afterward_o to_o his_o power_n faithful_o endeavour_v to_o do_v according_a to_o all_o that_o proceed_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o sense_n which_o the_o word_n by_o he_o utter_v after_o the_o common_a and_o receive_a manner_n of_o speech_n bear_v in_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o auditor_n and_o not_o according_a to_o that_o sense_n which_o he_o perhaps_o during_o the_o act_n of_o swear_v in_o his_o secret_a thought_n reserve_v unto_o himself_o and_o fraudulent_o intend_v whereunto_o that_o agree_v which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o isidorus_n with_o what_o artifice_n of_o word_n soever_o a_o man_n swear_v god_n who_o be_v witness_n of_o his_o conscience_n take_v the_o same_o as_o he_o understand_v it_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o sense_n which_o the_o party_n swear_v when_o he_o begin_v to_o repent_v of_o the_o fact_n go_v about_o to_o invent_v for_o fashion_n sake_n as_o they_o speak_v not_o full_o and_o sincere_o to_o perform_v the_o faith_n of_o his_o oath_n as_o he_o ought_v but_o that_o he_o may_v after_o a_o sort_n appear_v unto_o himself_o and_o other_o to_o have_v perform_v his_o duty_n and_o with_o this_o artifice_n very_o wary_o and_o provident_o to_o â—ave_n avoid_v the_o crime_n of_o perjury_n sect_n v._o the_o second_o reason_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o example_n of_o god_n himself_o who_o as_o the_o apostle_n write_v heb._n 6._o for_o this_o very_a cause_n confirm_v his_o promise_n make_v unto_o the_o faithful_a by_o a_o oath_n that_o he_o may_v witness_v unto_o they_o more_o abundant_o that_o be_v as_o full_o as_o can_v possible_o be_v and_o so_o as_o may_v leave_v no_o place_n to_o doubt_v the_o immutability_n of_o his_o counsel_n in_o fulfil_v of_o that_o which_o he_o have_v swear_v to_o perform_v and_o all_o this_o to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o who_o shall_v believe_v may_v have_v a_o strong_a consolation_n and_o firm_a trust_n in_o he_o which_o nevertheless_o they_o can_v not_o have_v if_o it_o be_v not_o impossible_a for_o god_n to_o lie_v or_o deceive_v they_o to_o who_o he_o have_v swear_v by_o frustrate_v their_o expectation_n but_o he_o will_v deceive_v and_o frustrate_v the_o hope_n and_o consolation_n in_o he_o of_o believer_n if_o either_o while_o he_o swear_v he_o intend_v not_o to_o do_v aâ—_n he_o promise_v or_o afterward_o change_v his_o mind_n shall_v noâ—_n perform_v iâ—_n in_o due_a time_n nor_o after_o the_o same_o sense_n in_o which_o his_o promise_n be_v by_o thâ—m_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o word_n right_o understand_v the_o lord_n have_v swear_v and_o will_v not_o 11._o repent_v the_o lord_n have_v swear_v in_o truth_n unto_o david_n he_o will_v not_o turn_v from_o it_o sect_n vi_o the_o three_o reason_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o truth_n which_o be_v first_o and_o chief_a of_o those_o three_o celebrate_a condition_n of_o a_o oath_n extant_a in_o the_o prophet_n jeremy_n inculcate_v 2._o by_o all_o and_o call_v by_o the_o schoolman_n the_o three_o companion_n of_o a_o oath_n viz._n truth_n judgement_n justice_n to_o which_o truth_n be_v repugnant_a not_o only_o that_o which_o be_v false_a but_o that_o also_o which_o be_v feign_v not_o noly_a a_o bare_a and_o evident_a lie_n but_o a_o cover_a one_o also_o howsoever_o palliate_v certain_o whosoever_o speak_v false_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n pollute_v his_o speech_n with_o a_o lie_n and_o he_o have_v speak_v false_o unto_o his_o neighbour_n who_o have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o deceive_v his_o neighbour_n of_o that_o hope_n which_o he_o have_v rational_o conceive_v from_o his_o speech_n since_o therefore_o by_o simulation_n of_o either_o kind_a a_o lie_n be_v not_o avoid_v if_o through_o our_o fault_n our_o neighbour_n trust_v to_o our_o word_n be_v deceive_v sure_o neither_o be_v perjuryâ—rcided_v â—rcided_z if_o through_o our_o fault_n he_o be_v deceive_v by_o trust_v unto_o our_o oath_n see_v that_o perjury_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o lie_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n so_o that_o perjury_n after_o a_o oath_n take_v be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o a_o lie_n be_v in_o a_o bare_a promise_n sect_n vii_o the_o four_o reason_n from_o the_o proper_a end_n of_o a_o oath_n which_o by_o that_o have_v be_v say_v when_o we_o explain_v the_o definition_n of_o a_o oath_n appear_v to_o be_v confirmation_n of_o a_o thing_n in_o doubt_n that_o be_v that_o as_o great_a certainty_n may_v be_v have_v of_o thing_n otherwise_o incertain_a and_o depend_v upon_o the_o truth_n of_o man_n as_o be_v possible_a to_o be_v have_v in_o humane_a affair_n for_o a_o oath_n be_v institute_v of_o god_n by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n for_o a_o remedy_n of_o humane_a defect_n in_o the_o search_n of_o truth_n that_o it_o may_v be_v the_o last_o mortal_a refuge_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o verity_n when_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o proof_n be_v deficient_a but_o this_o end_n will_v be_v utter_o overthrow_v nor_o can_v any_o certain_a credit_n be_v give_v to_o man_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o party_n swear_v at_o his_o pleasure_n so_o to_o enervate_v that_o which_o he_o verbal_o pronounce_v to_o the_o end_n to_o obtain_v belief_n either_o by_o any_o tacit_a ambiguity_n in_o swear_v or_o after_o the_o oath_n take_v by_o any_o new_a invent_v and_o as_o it_o be_v posthume_n interpretation_n that_o it_o lose_v its_o whole_a force_n and_o become_v altogether_o ineffectual_a if_o either_o of_o these_o be_v lawful_a a_o oath_n will_v not_o be_v the_o end_n of_o all_o contradiction_n but_o the_o beginning_n and_o rather_o give_v occasion_n of_o new_a strife_n and_o contradiction_n then_o determine_v old_a one_o this_o door_n once_o open_v what_o can_v be_v imagine_v so_o false_a for_o the_o defence_n whereof_o some_o kind_n of_o at_o least_o diversion_n or_o subterfuge_n may_v not_o be_v find_v out_o whereby_o it_o may_v be_v deliver_v from_o the_o lie_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n how_o great_a a_o perversity_n be_v this_o that_o what_o the_o wise_a god_n have_v ordain_v for_o a_o aid_n of_o truth_n shall_v by_o impious_a man_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o instrument_n of_o falsehood_n very_o unless_o man_n have_v rather_o use_v the_o sacred_a ordinance_n of_o god_n to_o other_o end_n then_o that_o for_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v as_o a_o pious_a man_n can_v hardly_o do_v that_o which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o a_o oath_n ought_v likewise_o to_o be_v his_o end_n who_o take_v a_o oath_n now_o that_o be_v to_o give_v such_o assurance_n unto_o the_o hearer_n that_o he_o may_v become_v 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