casual_o upon_o something_o in_o the_o dark_a or_o run_v against_o it_o though_o we_o neither_o see_v or_o know_v what_o that_o thing_n be_v or_o when_o we_o see_v a_o thing_n a_o far_o off_o we_o know_v that_o that_o thing_n be_v though_o as_o yet_o we_o know_v not_o what_o it_o be_v the_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o efficient_a cauâ—es_n and_o effect_n for_o since_o a_o first_o cause_n be_v suppose_v who_o be_v infinite_o wise_a he_o administâ—rs_v his_o workmanship_n the_o world_n after_o the_o wise_a and_o best_a manner_n which_o be_v that_o the_o contexture_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v not_o loose_a and_o slack_a but_o perfect_o coherent_a nor_o can_v this_o be_v do_v among_o a_o infinite_a variety_n of_o body_n by_o any_o other_o mean_n so_o as_o to_o make_v up_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n but_o by_o make_v effect_n necessary_o follow_v from_o their_o cause_n since_o if_o that_o be_v not_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n will_v be_v at_o a_o stand_n and_o need_v the_o artificer_n hand_n at_o every_o turn_n to_o make_v it_o go_v on_o which_o argue_v a_o imperfection_n in_o the_o workmanship_n itself_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o efficient_a cause_n and_o effect_n 4._o the_o course_n of_o nature_n must_v be_v câ—â—ryed_v on_o by_o such_o efficient_a cause_n and_o effect_n as_o 〈◊〉_d â—roper_a to_o one_o another_o for_o be_v â—ot_n â—â—ese_v cause_n and_o effect_n proper_a to_o one_o another_o any_o 〈◊〉_d may_v do_v any_o thing_n or_o suffer_v from_o any_o thing_n v_o g._n fire_n may_v both_o heat_n and_o cool_v and_o moisten_v and_o water_n may_v be_v as_o combustible_a as_o dry_a wood_n and_o so_o of_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o whiâ—h_a case_n no_o man_n can_v tell_v how_o to_o order_n his_o action_n or_o what_o efficient_a cause_n or_o what_o matter_n rather_o than_o another_o he_o be_v to_o make_v use_n of_o to_o produce_v any_o effect_n nor_o consequent_o sinâ—e_o â—uch_o essence_n be_v ordain_v for_o such_o and_o such_o end_n can_v the_o essence_n or_o nature_n of_o thing_n be_v know_v or_o distinguish_v more_o than_o in_o outward_a appearance_n 5._o hence_o follow_v immediate_o that_o every_o such_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n put_v to_o be_v actual_o cause_v must_v most_o necessary_o produce_v 〈◊〉_d proper_a effect_n for_o since_o to_o causâ—_n be_v 〈◊〉_d do_v and_o to_o do_v nothing_o be_v not_o to_o do_v what_o 〈◊〉_d actual_o cause_v must_v cause_v something_o or_o produce_v some_o effect_n anâ—_n this_o effect_n must_v be_v a_o proper_a one_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v §_o 4._o 6._o all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o nature_n be_v actual_o cause_v for_o since_o the_o virtue_n or_o power_n of_o work_v be_v in_o the_o efficient_a cause_n itself_o as_o be_v nothing_o but_o its_o existence_n and_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v wrought_v upon_o be_v quantitative_a that_o be_v of_o it_o be_v own_o nature_n either_o perfect_o or_o imperfect_o divisible_a and_o variable_a innumerable_a manner_n of_o way_n according_a to_o its_o quality_n nor_o can_v it_o have_v a_o infinite_a power_n of_o resist_v the_o efficiency_n of_o the_o least_o cause_n hence_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o have_v a_o impression_n make_v upon_o it_o to_o some_o degree_n by_o any_o quantitative_a agent_n provide_v there_o be_v but_o immediate_a application_n of_o the_o agent_n to_o the_o patient_n and_o that_o it_o be_v prâ—st_v upon_o it_o but_o there_o be_v no_o vacuum_n immediate_a application_n of_o one_o natural_a body_n to_o another_o must_v needs_o be_v throughout_o all_o nature_n and_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n consist_v in_o moâ—ion_n one_o body_n must_v necessary_o press_v upon_o that_o which_o be_v next_o it_o from_o all_o which_o it_o follow_v evident_o that_o all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n in_o nature_n be_v actual_o cause_v 7._o from_o these_o discourse_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o can_v demonstrate_v proper_a effect_n from_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n which_o we_o call_v demonstrate_v â_fw-la priori_fw-la and_o proper_a efficient_a cause_n from_o proper_a effect_n which_o be_v call_v demonstrate_v à _fw-fr posteriori_fw-la for_o since_o a_o cause_n and_o a_o reason_n do_v only_o differ_v in_o this_o that_o the_o word_n cause_n speak_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v in_o nature_n and_o reason_n the_o same_o thing_n as_o it_o be_v in_o our_o understanding_n and_o proper_a cause_n and_o effect_n in_o nature_n be_v necessary_o connect_v to_o one_o another_o and_o consequent_o do_v infer_v one_o another_o natural_o it_o follow_v that_o those_o cause_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n effect_n as_o they_o be_v in_o our_o understanding_n must_v be_v the_o reason_n why_o one_o infer_v the_o other_o in_o our_o understanding_n whence_o follow_v that_o thoâ—e_a cause_n and_o effect_n can_v be_v use_v as_o proper_a middle_a term_n to_o infer_v or_o conclude_v one_o another_o and_o that_o proof_n make_v by_o such_o medium_n be_v demonstrative_a be_v clear_a for_o no_o proof_n can_v be_v more_o clear_a than_o that_o which_o be_v ground_v on_o those_o notion_n or_o nature_n be_v connect_v natural_o and_o so_o connect_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a it_o shall_v be_v otherwise_o as_o it_o be_v show_v these_o be_v §_o §_o 5._o and_o 6._o 8._o this_o be_v far_o confirm_v because_o two_o body_n that_o be_v immediate_a do_v act_n and_o re-act_n or_o be_v in_o some_o respect_n mutual_o cause_n and_o effect_n to_o one_o another_o for_o since_o their_o existence_n which_o be_v their_o power_n of_o act_v be_v immediate_o apply_v and_o by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n consist_v in_o motion_n press_v upon_o one_o another_o and_o no_o natural_a agent_n be_v of_o infinite_a power_n nor_o consequent_o can_v it_o subdue_v all_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o patient_n in_o a_o instant_a it_o follow_v that_o till_o one_o of_o they_o be_v by_o degree_n total_o subdue_v the_o resist_a body_n must_v necessary_o for_o the_o reason_n give_v re-act_n upon_o it_o whence_o they_o will_v be_v to_o some_o degree_n or_o in_o some_o respect_n mutual_a cause_n and_o effect_n in_o regard_n of_o each_o other_o corol._n i._o the_o carry_v on_o this_o connected_a course_n of_o natural_a cause_n be_v call_v providence_n and_o as_o join_v with_o a_o course_n of_o supernatural_a one_o interior_a and_o exterior_a perfect_v and_o strengthen_v the_o will_v all_o along_o to_o the_o very_a end_n and_o ripen_a soul_n for_o bliss_n which_o we_o call_v grace_n be_v that_o which_o be_v true_o mean_v by_o predestination_n which_o sound_v so_o terrible_o and_o be_v such_o â—â—ugbeaâ—_n to_o those_o that_o mis-understand_a it_o corâ—â—_n â—i_fw-la every_o step_n of_o this_o order_n of_o cause_n have_v entity_n or_o goodness_n in_o it_o for_o it_o be_v manifest_o the_o cause_v of_o something_o by_o something_o corol._n â—â—i_n therefore_o it_o be_v direct_o against_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o â—â—e_z first_o cause_n to_o cause_n or_o lay_v any_o 〈◊〉_d for_o sin_n for_o sin_n formal_o as_o such_o have_v no_o kind_n of_o entity_n or_o goodness_n in_o it_o either_o metaphysical_a physical_a or_o moral_a but_o be_v formal_o a_o mere_a privation_n of_o some_o entity_n or_o goodness_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o a_o intelligent_a creature_n whence_o it_o come_v that_o by_o falling-short_a here_o in_o use_v the_o mean_n that_o creature_n fall_v short_a hereafter_o of_o attain_v the_o end_n which_o be_v only_o attainable_a by_o such_o mean_n to_o explicate_v which_o high_a point_n full_o be_v leave_v to_o solid_a divine_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o do_v not_o guide_v themselves_o by_o mere_a word_n but_o by_o reason_n and_o good_a sense_n corol._n iu._n hence_o follow_v also_o that_o be_v all_o the_o efficient_a cause_n that_o produce_v any_o effect_n know_v to_o we_o we_o can_v have_v no_o accidental_a predication_n nor_o consequent_o any_o opinion_n but_o the_o effect_n will_v still_o be_v equal_o demonstrable_a from_o the_o complexion_n of_o those_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v now_o from_o some_o one_o single_a efficient_a as_o be_v hint_v former_o corol._n v._o hence_o to_o one_o that_o comprehend_v the_o complexion_n of_o all_o cause_n there_o can_v be_v no_o chance_n nor_o can_v such_o a_o man_n have_v any_o ground_n for_o such_o a_o notion_n for_o chance_v as_o the_o common_a use_n of_o the_o word_n tell_v we_o signify_v a_o unseen_a or_o vnforeseen_a cause_n whereas_o no_o cause_n be_v unseen_a to_o he_o who_o see_v demonstrative_o how_o all_o natural_a effect_n follow_v all_o along_o from_o the_o cause_n and_o that_o they_o can_v but_o follow_v from_o such_o cause_n corol._n vi_o hence_o though_o we_o know_v not_o particular_o the_o quid_fw-la est_fw-la of_o this_o exact_a order_n of_o the_o world_n or_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n because_o we_o comprehend_v not_o all_o cause_n nor_o know_v what_o cause_n or_o cause_n do_v
their_o identical_o and_o the_o same_o may_v be_v say_v of_o other_o quality_n that_o affect_v our_o sense_n very_o distinct_o as_o heat_n cold_a moist_a dry_v etc._n etc._n note_v that_o in_o such_o as_o these_o if_o it_o be_v too_o laborious_a to_o arrive_v at_o their_o definition_n by_o divide_v the_o common_a genus_fw-la as_o it_o often_o happen_v when_o the_o divide_v member_n be_v more_o than_o two_o and_o be_v not_o contradictory_n to_o one_o another_o then_o we_o may_v frame_v our_o definition_n of_o they_o by_o observe_v the_o carriage_n of_o the_o vulgar_a towards_o they_o or_o their_o saying_n concern_v they_o for_o such_o quality_n be_v sensible_a one_o be_v the_o object_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o mankind_n and_o do_v imprint_v lively_a and_o distinct_a notion_n of_o themselves_o in_o all_o man_n wherefore_o their_o saying_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o true_a notion_n they_o have_v of_o they_o they_o if_o enough_o of_o they_o be_v collect_v must_v give_v we_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o they_o or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o of_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o the_o word_n that_o express_v they_o which_o be_v equivalent_a in_o sense_n to_o a_o perfect_a definition_n for_o example_n when_o they_o speak_v of_o those_o quality_n we_o call_v dry_a and_o moist_a we_o shall_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v solicitous_a lest_o moist_a thing_n shall_v squander_v and_o run_v about_o and_o therefore_o they_o be_v careful_a themselves_o to_o put_v such_o thing_n in_o some_o receptacle_n or_o vessel_n that_o may_v keep_v they_o from_o do_v so_o or_o they_o bid_v their_o servant_n do_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o bid_v they_o set_v dry_a thing_n on_o the_o cupboard_n or_o on_o a_o shelf_n and_o never_o put_v they_o in_o a_o vessel_n or_o be_v at_o the_o needless_a labour_n of_o pound_v they_o into_o a_o pot_n or_o tub_n out_o of_o fear_n they_o shall_v squander_v about_o which_o saying_n and_o behaviour_n of_o they_o give_v we_o the_o definition_n of_o both_o those_o quality_n viz._n that_o moist_a be_v that_o which_o difficult_o keep_v its_o own_o bound_n or_o figure_n and_o be_v easy_o accommodate_v to_o the_o bound_n of_o another_o thing_n and_o dry_v be_v that_o which_o easy_o retain_v its_o own_o bound_n or_o figure_n and_o be_v difficulty_n accommodate_v to_o the_o bound_n of_o another_o which_o be_v the_o very_a definition_n which_o that_o great_a observer_n of_o nature_n aristotle_n give_v we_o of_o those_o two_o quality_n note_v ii_o whence_o we_o may_v with_o a_o humble_a acknowledgement_n and_o thanks_o reflect_v on_o the_o infinite_a goodness_n of_o the_o god_n of_o truth_n who_o unenvious_o bestow_v knowledge_n on_o all_o who_o will_v dispose_v themselves_o to_o receive_v it_o that_o wherever_o art_n by_o reason_n of_o our_o shortness_n be_v at_o a_o plunge_n he_o supply_v it_o by_o practical_a self-evidence_n or_o the_o natural_o instill_a knowledge_n of_o the_o vulgar_a whence_o it_o be_v a_o high_a pride_n in_o the_o great_a man_n of_o art_n to_o conceit_n that_o they_o be_v above_o be_v still_o the_o child_n of_o nature_n whereas_o it_o be_v the_o best_a title_n they_o have_v to_o true_a and_o solid_a learning_n sus_n minervam_fw-la 8._o all_o conclusion_n be_v virtual_o in_o the_o premise_n for_o since_o the_o premise_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o middle_a term_n and_o the_o right_n place_v of_o it_o have_v in_o they_o the_o whole_a force_n of_o the_o consequence_n and_o the_o consequence_n can_v be_v of_o nothing_o but_o must_v be_v of_o some_o determinate_a proposition_n which_o can_v be_v nothing_o but_o the_o conclusion_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o conclusion_n be_v virtual_o in_o the_o premise_n again_o since_o before_o we_o conclude_v determinate_o and_o express_o we_o must_v know_v what_o to_o conclude_v and_o we_o know_v what_o to_o conclude_v by_o know_v the_o premise_n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v that_o proposition_n which_o be_v to_o be_v conclude_v it_o follow_v evident_o that_o since_o we_o know_v the_o conclusion_n ever_o we_o actual_o infer_v and_o express_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o premise_n it_o be_v there_o virtual_o 9_o all_o deduce_v truth_n be_v virtual_o in_o one_o another_o for_o since_o all_o deduce_v truth_n be_v conclusion_n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v virtual_o in_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o same_o reason_n hold_v for_o all_o the_o follow_a conclusion_n as_o for_o the_o first_o or_o for_o one_o single_a one_o it_o follow_v that_o let_v there_o be_v never_o so_o many_o orderly-succeeding_a syllogism_n necessary_a to_o prove_v any_o point_n the_o conclusion_n be_v still_o in_o the_o premise_n and_o the_o follow_v one_o in_o those_o that_o go_v before_o they_o 10._o all_o truth_n be_v virtual_o in_o the_o identical_a proposition_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o definition_n for_o since_o all_o truth_n be_v take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o from_o their_o metaphysical_a verity_n and_o consequent_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n fundamental_o and_o this_o be_v contain_a and_o express_v in_o the_o whole_a by_o identical_a proposition_n and_o in_o all_o its_o part_n by_o the_o definition_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o truth_n be_v virtual_o contain_v in_o identical_a proposition_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o definition_n 11._o from_o what_o be_v late_o say_v it_o be_v evince_v that_o if_o a_o middle_a term_n be_v take_v which_o be_v a_o proper_a cause_n or_o proper_a effect_n the_o conclusion_n be_v see_v to_o be_v in_o the_o premise_n for_o though_o the_o proper_a cause_n and_o effect_n be_v not_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o the_o thing_n yet_o since_o a_o effect_n be_v a_o participation_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o so_o be_v apt_a to_o manifest_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o proper_a cause_n that_o produce_v it_o and_o the_o operation_n of_o a_o proper_a cause_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o 7._o existence_n of_o such_o a_o cause_n which_o be_v suitable_a to_o its_o essence_n imprint_v upon_o the_o patient_n hence_o such_o medium_n do_v demonstrable_o and_o mutual_o infer_v one_o another_o and_o therefore_o nothing_o hinder_v but_o that_o the_o conclusion_n may_v be_v see_v to_o be_v in_o the_o premise_n as_o well_o in_o such_o syllogism_n as_o in_o those_o which_o have_v a_o essential_a notion_n for_o their_o middle_a term._n 12._o hence_o all_o natural_a truth_n and_o this_o throughout_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o very_a creation_n be_v virtual_o in_o one_o another_o for_o since_o as_o will_v be_v more_o clear_o see_v hereafter_o all_o those_o natural_a effect_n be_v demonstrative_a of_o their_o proper_a cause_n and_o those_o cause_n demonstrative_a of_o their_o proper_a effect_n and_o this_o from_o the_o first_o start_v of_o nature_n into_o motion_n and_o so_o be_v apt_a to_o infer_v one_o another_o all_o along_o that_o be_v new_a conclusion_n be_v still_o apt_a to_o spring_v from_o such_o middle_a term_n connect_v with_o the_o two_o extreme_n in_o the_o premise_n and_o consequent_o the_o truth_n of_o those_o conclusion_n be_v all_o along_o virtual_o in_o those_o several_a premise_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o natural_a truth_n be_v in_o one_o another_o and_o this_o throughout_o the_o whole_a series_n or_o course_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o very_a creation_n 13._o hence_o have_v we_o live_v in_o every_o place_n and_o in_o every_o part_n of_o time_n where_o and_o when_o those_o several_a cause_n wrought_v those_o several_a effect_n and_o have_v be_v endow_v with_o capacity_n sufficient_a for_o such_o a_o performance_n and_o not_o be_v divert_v with_o other_o thought_n from_o application_n to_o that_o work_n we_o may_v have_v actual_o demonstrate_v those_o effect_n by_o their_o proper_a cause_n or_o those_o cause_n by_o their_o proper_a effect_n through_o the_o whole_a series_n or_o course_n of_o the_o world_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n except_o miracle_n have_v alter_v that_o natural_a course_n for_o in_o that_o case_n all_o those_o subject_n have_v afford_v we_o matter_n or_o fit_a medium_n for_o demonstration_n as_o well_o as_o any_o single_a subject_n do_v now_o wherefore_o if_o we_o have_v have_v wit_n enough_o to_o demonstrate_v as_o aforesaid_a and_o that_o wit_n sufficient_o apply_v in_o every_o circumstance_n it_o have_v be_v do_v 14._o hence_o every_o soul_n separate_v from_o the_o body_n that_o know_v any_o one_o natural_a truth_n know_v all_o nature_n and_o this_o all_o at_o once_o at_o the_o first_o instant_a of_o her_o separation_n for_o since_o all_o nature_n be_v carry_v on_o by_o proper_a cause_n and_o proper_a effect_n and_o those_o mutual_o infer_v one_o another_o that_o be_v the_o truth_n ground_v on_o the_o one_o be_v see_v to_o be_v in_o the_o truth_n ground_v on_o the_o other_o as_o be_v virtual_o in_o one_o another_o and_o we_o experience_n that_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o soul_n to_o know_v truth_n be_v not_o
will_n and_o conscience_n be_v keep_v clear_a however_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o matter_n may_v hap_v to_o be_v unjust_a 11._o thus_o far_o of_o opinion_n faith_n or_o belief_n speak_v of_o human_a faith_n to_o which_o our_o circumstance_n determine_v our_o discourse_n be_v build_v on_o human_a testimony_n or_o witness_v authority_n to_o which_o ere_o we_o ought_v to_o yield_v assent_n two_o thing_n be_v prerequisit_a viz._n that_o we_o be_v certain_a it_o can_v certain_o know_v the_o thing_n it_o atte_v and_o that_o it_o speak_v true_o when_o it_o do_v attest_v they_o that_o be_v there_o be_v requisite_a knowlèdg_n and_o veracity_n in_o the_o attester_n 12._o if_o we_o certain_o know_v that_o the_o attester_n know_v the_o thing_n and_o do_v not_o only_a fancy_n they_o know_v it_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a the_o thing_n be_v so_o as_o they_o know_v it_o to_o be_v for_o since_o to_o know_v a_o thing_n be_v to_o have_v the_o thing_n in_o our_o understanding_n as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o and_o none_o can_v know_v what_o be_v not_o knowable_a or_o be_v not_o it_o follow_v that_o all_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v be_v or_o of_o its_o be_v thus_o or_o thus_o do_v most_o certain_o infer_v that_o thing_n to_o be_v as_o the_o asserter_n know_v it_o to_o be_v 13._o care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o the_o attester_n do_v true_o know_v the_o thing_n and_o not_o only_a fancy_n they_o know_v it_o when_o they_o know_v it_o not_o for_o since_o mankind_n be_v often_o deceive_v in_o think_v they_o know_v and_o only_o true_a knowledge_n in_o the_o attester_n can_v ground_v our_o second-hand_n knowledge_n that_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o their_o know_v it_o to_o be_v it_o follow_v that_o we_o must_v be_v sure_a those_o attester_n can_v not_o err_v in_o know_v that_o thing_n ere_o we_o can_v rational_o believe_v they_o 14._o wherefore_o no_o testimony_n build_v on_o their_o know_v speculative_a point_n can_v have_v any_o force_n upon_o our_o understanding_n or_o oblige_v it_o to_o belief_n for_o since_o we_o experience_n that_o even_o learned_a man_n do_v often_o err_v in_o their_o speculation_n either_o through_o inadvertency_n the_o obscurity_n or_o perplexedness_n of_o the_o object_n ambiguity_n of_o word_n dread_a of_o some_o authority_n which_o overaws_a their_o reason_n or_o last_o through_o want_n of_o logic_n or_o a_o right_a method_n how_o to_o manage_v their_o thought_n it_o follow_v that_o we_o can_v be_v sure_a that_o they_o do_v not_o err_v or_o that_o they_o do_v true_o know_v speculative_a point_n nor_o consequent_o can_v we_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o thing_n be_v true_o so_o as_o they_o pretend_v to_o know_v it_o be_v all_o the_o power_n they_o have_v over_o we_o be_v to_o make_v we_o prudent_o wary_a not_o to_o oppose_v such_o speculater_n but_o upon_o evident_a reason_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v many_o and_o of_o repute_n but_o much_o more_o if_o they_o pretend_v to_o go_v upon_o intrinsical_a medium_n in_o which_o the_o mistake_n be_v both_o seldom_o and_o quick_o discover_v if_o bring_v to_o the_o test._n corol._n ii_o hence_o no_o credit_n at_o all_o be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o such_o reasoner_n who_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v to_o demonstrate_v though_o never_o so_o many_o for_o such_o man_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o affirm_v themselves_o to_o be_v knower_n or_o that_o the_o thing_n be_v certain_o so_o as_o they_o deem_v it_o to_o be_v and_o so_o they_o can_v have_v no_o kind_n of_o authority_n even_o though_o their_o speculative_a thought_n be_v a_o thing_n attestable_a whence_o we_o may_v establish_v this_o maxim_n viz._n that_o no_o reasoner_n precise_o as_o such_o have_v any_o kind_n of_o authority_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o reason_n he_o produce_v that_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o he_o allege_v and_o not_o his_o say_v or_o word_n ought_v to_o have_v any_o force_n at_o all_o upon_o our_o understanding_n 15._o wherefore_o testimony_n have_v for_o its_o object_n either_o particular_a thing_n or_o matter_n of_o fact_n necessary_o knowable_a by_o mankind_n use_v their_o common_a and_o frequent_a sensation_n or_o rely_v on_o vnerrable_a experience_n for_o since_o universal_a notion_n be_v the_o object_n of_o speculation_n and_o man_n 14._o may_v err_v in_o their_o speculation_n universals_z can_v be_v the_o object_n of_o witness_v authority_n or_o testimony_n but_o particular_n only_o again_o since_o every_o particular_a be_v not_o obvious_a to_o sense_n but_o many_o of_o they_o be_v so_o circumstance_v insensible_a or_o remote_a that_o we_o can_v have_v no_o certain_a experience_n of_o they_o it_o follow_v that_o only_a suâ—h_n particular_a object_n or_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o make_v a_o lively_a and_o certain_a impression_n on_o the_o sense_n be_v those_o which_o can_v be_v attest_v or_o be_v the_o object_n of_o testimony_n 16._o experience_n may_v be_v so_o circumstance_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o thing_n experience_v shall_v be_v otherwise_o for_o since_o the_o sense_n of_o mankind_n in_o due_a circumstance_n be_v as_o apt_a to_o convey_v sincere_a impression_n of_o sensible_a object_n into_o our_o mind_n as_o other_o natural_a cause_n to_o produce_v their_o effect_n they_o be_v design_v and_o fit_v by_o god_n and_o nature_n for_o that_o end_n it_o follow_v that_o if_o other_o circumstance_n be_v agreeaable_a it_o be_v impossible_a but_o they_o shall_v give_v we_o such_o experiential_a knowledge_n of_o sensible_a matter_n of_o fact_n or_o particular_n as_o may_v assure_v we_o of_o the_o thing_n be_v as_o we_o experience_v it_o the_o circumstance_n require_v to_o this_o absolute_a assurance_n be_v that_o the_o object_n propose_v be_v of_o a_o thing_n subject_a to_o sense_n that_o it_o be_v within_o a_o convenient_a distance_n and_o that_o the_o impression_n be_v not_o hinder_v or_o pervert_v by_o a_o inconvenient_a medium_fw-la hence_o we_o can_v be_v absolute_o certain_a what_o house_n or_o street_n we_o live_v in_o of_o our_o acquaintance_n or_o employment_n who_o reign_v in_o such_o a_o year_n and_o of_o notable_a action_n universal_o knowable_a that_o happen_v in_o such_o or_o such_o a_o time_n last_o of_o multitude_n of_o private_a action_n familiar_o know_v to_o ourselves_o only_o 17._o beside_o knowledge_n in_o the_o attester_n there_o be_v also_o requisite_a veracity_n in_o he_o to_o ground_n human_n faith_n for_o let_v the_o attester_n know_v the_o object_n never_o so_o well_o if_o we_o can_v be_v certain_a he_o tell_v we_o true_a when_o he_o say_v he_o know_v it_o his_o original_a knowledge_n can_v have_v any_o effect_n on_o we_o or_o beget_v a_o second-hand_n knowledge_n in_o we_o derivable_a from_o his_o pretend_a knowledge_n of_o that_o object_n 18._o no_o authority_n deserve_v assent_n far_o than_o reason_n give_v it_o to_o deserve_v for_o let_v we_o take_v two_o authority_n one_o that_o of_o a_o whole_a town_n the_o other_o of_o a_o knight_n of_o the_o post_n and_o since_o our_o nature_n allow_v we_o that_o privilege_n let_v it_o be_v ask_v why_o the_o latter_a be_v not_o to_o be_v credit_v as_o much_o as_o the_o former_a and_o the_o answer_n will_v be_v for_o such_o a_o reason_n so_o that_o reason_n in_o common_a be_v the_o ground_n of_o our_o believe_v at_o all_o as_o well_o as_o of_o our_o believe_v one_o authority_n rather_o than_o another_o and_o this_o because_o reason_n be_v our_o nature_n give_v we_o by_o god_n and_o therefore_o every_o act_n of_o our_o soul_n that_o be_v not_o for_o some_o reason_n and_o according_a to_o reason_n be_v total_o without_o reason_n that_o be_v unnatural_a that_o be_v irrational_a that_o be_v brutal_a or_o unbecoming_a a_o man._n 19_o wherefore_o no_o man_n can_v be_v oblige_v to_o believe_v beyond_o the_o motive_n he_o have_v to_o believe_v for_o that_o degree_n of_o belief_n that_o be_v beyond_o the_o motive_n or_o the_o reason_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v beyond_o the_o reason_n be_v evident_o without_o reason_n or_o irrational_a whence_o follow_v that_o our_o reason_n be_v to_o give_v we_o our_o ground_n of_o belief_n both_o as_o to_o the_o knowledge_n and_o the_o veracity_n of_o the_o attester_n for_o otherwise_o our_o belief_n will_v have_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o for_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v to_o rely_v upon_o and_o so_o will_v be_v perfect_o irrational_a corol._n iii_o wherefore_o since_o god_n govern_v his_o creature_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n he_o have_v give_v they_o he_o do_v not_o command_v we_o to_o assent_v absolute_o upon_o any_o authority_n which_o may_v either_o be_v deceive_v or_o deceive_v we_o for_o otherwise_o man_n may_v be_v lead_v into_o error_n by_o obey_v god_n command_n that_o be_v since_o god_n lay_v that_o command_n by_o god_n himself_o 20._o wherefore_o both_o the_o knowledge_n and_o veracity_n of_o the_o attester_n must_v be_v knowable_a by_o intrinsical_a
medium_n take_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o those_o must_v be_v also_o conclusive_a one_o for_o their_o knowledge_n and_o veracity_n must_v either_o be_v make_v know_v by_o intrinsical_a medium_n or_o by_o extrinsical_a one_o that_o be_v by_o another_o authority_n and_o the_o same_o question_n recurr_n how_o we_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o knowledge_n and_o veracity_n of_o that_o other_o authority_n and_o so_o in_o infinitum_fw-la whence_o we_o must_v come_v to_o be_v certain_a of_o the_o knowledge_n and_o veracity_n of_o authority_n by_o intrinsical_a medium_n or_o we_o can_v have_v no_o ground_n at_o all_o to_o believe_v any_o authority_n moreover_o the_o proper_a work_n of_o reason_n be_v to_o demonstrate_v which_o be_v do_v by_o intrinsical_a medium_n and_o unless_o they_o be_v conclusive_a they_o prove_v nothing_o and_o so_o be_v good_a for_o nothing_o 21._o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o first_o attester_n be_v ascertain_v by_o what_o have_v be_v prove_v §_o §_o 15.16_o their_o veracity_n must_v be_v prove_v by_o show_v there_o can_v be_v no_o apparent_a good_a to_o move_v their_o will_n to_o deceive_v we_o and_o the_o best_a proof_n omit_v the_o impossibility_n of_o join_v in_o such_o a_o universal_a conspiracy_n to_o deceive_v the_o certain_a loss_n of_o their_o credit_n to_o tell_v a_o lie_n against_o notorious_a matter_n of_o fact_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o see_v impossibility_n of_o compass_v their_o immediate_a end_n which_o be_v to_o deceive_v which_o reason_n be_v ground_v on_o this_o that_o no_o one_o man_n who_o be_v not_o perfect_o frantic_a act_n for_o a_o end_n that_o he_o plain_o see_v impossible_a to_o be_v compass_v for_o example_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o moon_n or_o to_o swim_v over_o thames_n upon_o a_o pig_n of_o lead_n thus_o it_o be_v demonstrable_a that_o all_o england_n can_v not_o conspire_v to_o deceive_v those_o bear_v since_o in_o assert_v to_o they_o that_o there_o be_v a_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o or_o a_o long_a parliament_n which_o raise_v a_o civil_a war_n here_o because_o they_o must_v see_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o gain_v belief_n of_o it_o which_o be_v their_o immediate_a end_n whatever_o far_o end_v they_o may_v propose_v to_o themselves_o so_o many_o record_n practice_n law_n and_o other_o consequence_n issue_v thence_o give_v they_o the_o lie_v beside_o the_o history_n of_o our_o own_o and_o other_o country_n and_o the_o concatenation_n of_o cause_n and_o effect_n in_o the_o political_a part_n of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n all_o conspire_v unanimous_o and_o apposite_o to_o detect_v the_o cheat._n wherefore_o the_o end_n be_v evident_o impossible_a to_o be_v achieve_v it_o can_v never_o be_v a_o apparent_a good_a to_o they_o in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o act_v for_o such_o a_o end_n or_o to_o attempt_v to_o deceive_v we_o by_o attest_v it_o and_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o tell_v such_o a_o lie_n in_o such_o a_o case_n therefore_o they_o be_v veracious_a while_o they_o attest_v it_o 22._o though_o both_o the_o knowledge_n and_o veracity_n of_o the_o attester_n be_v demonstrate_v and_o consequently_n the_o thing_n attest_v by_o they_o be_v most_o certain_o and_o necessary_o true_a yet_o our_o assent_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o that_o thing_n be_v neither_o science_n noâ—_n opinion_n it_o can_v be_v opinion_n because_o the_o medium_fw-la that_o beget_v opinion_n be_v not_o necessary_o connect_v with_o the_o extreme_n as_o be_v find_v here_o nor_o can_v it_o be_v science_n because_o our_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o take_v from_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o be_v attest_v cause_v such_o a_o notion_n or_o impression_n in_o we_o direct_o by_o its_o self_n or_o by_o reflex_n knowledge_n upon_o those_o direct_a one_o on_o which_o kind_n of_o impression_n all_o science_n be_v build_v but_o it_o be_v a_o knowledge_n reflect_v to_o we_o from_o another_o knowledge_n of_o it_o or_o a_o kind_n of_o second-hand_n knowledge_n nor_o be_v the_o knowledge_n which_o even_o the_o attester_n have_v of_o the_o object_n at_o first-hand_n a_o proper_a effect_n of_o the_o ens_fw-la or_o thing_n which_o be_v the_o object_n of_o that_o knowledge_n nor_o be_v the_o thing_n as_o a_o object_n the_o proper_a cause_n of_o that_o knowledge_n only_o which_o can_v beget_v science_n for_o a_o proper_a cause_n have_v a_o real_a order_n or_o relation_n to_o it_o be_v proper_a effect_n whereas_o the_o object_n have_v no_o real_a relation_n at_o all_o to_o the_o sense_n or_o our_o know_a power_n as_o be_v show_v above_o where_o we_o treat_v of_o relation_n by_o which_o we_o may_v far_o more_o clear_o discover_v the_o essential_a difference_n between_o science_n faith_n and_o opinion_n it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o intelligibility_n be_v a_o property_n of_o ens_fw-la therefore_o every_o ens_fw-la be_v a_o proper_a cause_n of_o knowledge_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o property_n of_o ens_fw-la negative_o as_o it_o be_v in_o regard_n nothing_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o ens_fw-la non_fw-la ens_fw-la not_o be_v able_a to_o cause_v any_o knowledge_n in_o we_o or_o it_o may_v mean_v that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o property_n of_o ens_fw-la in_o order_n to_o a_o extrinsical_a thing_n not_o a_o true_a property_n perfect_v it_o intrinsical_o as_o property_n due_a to_o a_o thing_n by_o nature_n and_o spring_a from_o their_o essence_n do_v it_o may_v be_v object_v far_a that_o all_o natural_a power_n be_v true_a property_n though_o they_o respect_v extrinsical_a thing_n on_o which_o they_o be_v to_o work_v it_o be_v answer_v that_o they_o perfect_v those_o entity_n intrinsical_o or_o give_v they_o some_o perfection_n in_o their_o intrinsical_a nature_n which_o intelligibility_n do_v not_o for_o nothing_o be_v intrinsical_o better_a or_o otherwise_o than_o it_o will_v be_v for_o be_v know_v or_o understand_v to_o explicate_v this_o better_a we_o may_v consider_v that_o every_o entity_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o world_n have_v some_o office_n or_o place_n there_o and_o some_o part_n which_o it_o be_v to_o act_v on_o the_o stage_n of_o nature_n and_o according_o metaphysic_n teach_v we_o that_o every_o body_n be_v constitute_v such_o by_o its_o have_v some_o primary_n operation_n which_o it_o be_v fit_v to_o produce_v as_o fire_n to_o heat_n water_n to_o cool_n etc._n etc._n whence_o what_o ever_o fit_v it_o for_o such_o a_o operation_n be_v either_o essential_a to_o it_o or_o a_o property_n immediate_o connect_v with_o its_o essence_n such_o as_o be_v those_o natural_a power_n object_v now_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o those_o power_n do_v perfect_a each_o nature_n intrinsical_o since_o without_o they_o it_o will_v be_v imperfect_a and_o impotent_a to_o perform_v that_o which_o it_o be_v essential_o ordain_v for_o and_o so_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o nature_n carry_v on_o by_o such_o proper_a cause_n to_o proper_a effect_n will_v be_v quite_o out_o of_o frame_n and_o order_n whereas_o it_o be_v manifest_a it_o will_v suffer_v no_o detriment_n at_o all_o in_o itself_o whether_o those_o proper_a cause_n or_o effect_n be_v understand_v or_o no._n which_o show_v that_o their_o be_v know_v by_o the_o first_o attester_n or_o make_v know_v to_o we_o by_o their_o know_v they_o be_v not_o a_o proper_a effect_n of_o those_o cause_n nor_o intrinsical_a to_o they_o as_o they_o be_v part_n of_o corporeal_a nature_n but_o accidental_a to_o they_o as_o such_o but_o yet_o so_o accidental_a that_o it_o be_v inseparable_a from_o they_o and_o so_o do_v necessary_o infer_v the_o conclusion_n 23._o testimony_n on_o which_o human_a faith_n rely_v be_v adequate_o divide_v into_o live_v and_o dead_a that_o be_v into_o such_o attester_n as_o speak_v viuâ_fw-la voce_fw-la and_o those_o that_o speak_v by_o write_v because_o there_o be_v no_o common_a or_o ordinary_a way_n but_o speech_n and_o write_a or_o print_v character_n by_o which_o man_n can_v relate_v matter_n of_o fact_n to_o other_o or_o testify_v to_o they_o their_o knowledge_n of_o such_o thing_n 24._o matter_n of_o fact_n do_v long_o a_o go_v if_o very_o concern_v to_o have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o continue_v and_o that_o they_o be_v know_v at_o first_o by_o the_o experience_n of_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v make_v know_v to_o we_o who_o live_v now_o by_o a_o delivery_n of_o they_o down_o from_o the_o forego_n age_n to_o the_o succeed_a one_o which_o continue_v testimony_n or_o delivery_n of_o they_o be_v call_v tradition_n for_o since_o the_o generality_n of_o first_o attester_n who_o live_v in_o the_o same_o time_n when_o they_o happen_v can_v not_o but_o know_v they_o and_o the_o continual_a concern_v of_o they_o can_v not_o but_o still_o prompt_a and_o provoke_v foregoer_n to_o speak_v of_o they_o to_o their_o descendants_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o continuance_n of_o those_o cause_n may_v still_o
it_o be_v evident_a that_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n import_v no_o more_o in_o their_o notion_n but_o the_o alter_v the_o subject_a according_a to_o some_o quality_n whereas_o division_n import_v direct_o the_o take_v away_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o consequent_o its_o entity_n again_o mere_a rarefaction_n do_v not_o change_v the_o substance_n but_o the_o degree_n of_o it_o when_o it_o come_v to_o great_a height_n and_o every_o body_n admit_v rarefaction_n a_o long_a time_n without_o lose_v its_o former_a essence_n whereas_o division_n consist_v in_o a_o indivisible_a so_o that_o the_o divisum_fw-la esse_fw-la be_v esse_fw-la aliud_fw-la or_o esse_fw-la duo_fw-la ex_fw-la uno_fw-la whereas_o the_o rarefactum_fw-la esse_fw-la may_v be_v without_o any_o such_o effect_n follow_v it_o 5._o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n be_v the_o next_o action_n in_o dignity_n for_o since_o as_o be_v prove_v above_o rarity_n and_o density_n be_v the_o first_o intrinsical_v difference_n of_o quantity_n as_o it_o affect_v body_n in_o order_n to_o natural_a action_n and_o passion_n it_o follow_v that_o those_o natural_a action_n that_o cause_n rarity_n or_o density_n be_v the_o next_o in_o dignity_n to_o division_n which_o work_v more_o upon_o divisibility_n their_o genus_fw-la 6._o these_o three_o sort_n of_o action_n take_v up_o the_o whole_a head_n of_o natural_a action_n for_o since_o the_o genus_fw-la and_o its_o two_o difference_n must_v needs_o comprehend_v all_o under_o any_o common_a head_n as_o be_v adequate_a to_o it_o and_o division_n answer_v to_o divisibility_n the_o genus_fw-la and_o rarefaction_n and_o condensation_n to_o the_o intrinsical_a difference_n of_o more_o or_o less_o thus_o divisible_a it_o follow_v that_o these_o three_o sort_n of_o action_n do_v take_v up_o all_o that_o head_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v any_o kind_n of_o natural_a action_n which_o be_v not_o reducible_a to_o some_o of_o these_o or_o not_o comprehend_v under_o they_o beside_o all_o the_o first_o and_o second_o passable_a quality_n which_o general_o be_v the_o immediate_a object_n of_o natural_a action_n be_v comprehend_v in_o or_o spring_v out_o of_o rarity_n and_o density_n as_o will_v be_v see_v in_o physics_n 7._o the_o formal_a virtue_n of_o act_v or_o work_v any_o effect_n which_o we_o call_v its_o causality_n be_v the_o agent_n be_v be_v what_o it_o be_v or_o its_o very_a existence_n apply_v by_o motion_n to_o the_o patient_n and_o communicate_v to_o it_o or_o as_o it_o be_v imprint_v on_o it_o for_o since_o no_o particular_a agent_n in_o nature_n can_v do_v every_o thing_n whatever_o the_o reason_n why_o such_o particular_a cause_n work_v such_o particular_a effect_n must_v spring_v hence_o that_o the_o effect_n have_v something_o in_o its_o nature_n that_o be_v like_o the_o cause_n come_v from_o it_o and_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o patient_n or_o partake_v by_o it_o whence_o come_v those_o vulgar_a axiom_n operari_fw-la sequitur_fw-la esse_fw-la every_o thing_n act_v as_o it_o be_v a_o effect_n be_v a_o participation_n of_o the_o immediate_a caâ—se_n etc._n etc._n thus_o the_o cause_n or_o reason_n why_o water_n moisten_v be_v because_o it_o be_v moist_a in_o itself_o and_o impart_v that_o quality_n to_o another_o thing_n the_o reason_n why_o a_o seal_n make_v such_o a_o impression_n be_v because_o itself_o be_v of_o such_o a_o stamp_n the_o reason_n why_o god_n create_v or_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o be_v be_v because_o be_v be_v essential_a to_o he_o corol._n ii_o hence_o motion_n be_v only_o requisite_a to_o apply_v the_o virtue_n or_o existence_n of_o the_o agent_n to_o the_o matter_n or_o patient_n but_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o effect_n spring_v from_o the_o cause_n being_n what_o it_o be_v whence_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o effect_v from_o the_o same_o cause_n be_v more_o or_o less_o perfect_a according_a as_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o cause_n which_o be_v of_o such_o a_o nature_n or_o essence_n or_o more_o or_o few_o part_n of_o it_o be_v apply_v better_a or_o worse_o to_o the_o patient_n or_o to_o more_o or_o few_o part_n of_o it_o by_o a_o feeble_a or_o smart_a motion_n 8._o it_o follow_v from_o this_o discourse_n that_o there_o must_v be_v four_o sort_n of_o cause_n necessary_o belong_v to_o every_o effect_n in_o nature_n viz._n there_o must_v be_v a_o actor_n which_o we_o call_v the_o efficient_a cause_n a_o subject_a for_o the_o actor_n to_o work_v upon_o call_v the_o material_a cause_n the_o effect_v wrought_v in_o that_o matter_n or_o receive_v in_o it_o which_o make_v it_o otherwise_o than_o it_o be_v before_o and_o therefore_o have_v the_o notion_n of_o some_o form_n new_o accrue_v to_o it_o which_o constitute_v the_o formal_a cause_n and_o since_o corporeal_a action_n be_v motion_n and_o no_o body_n can_v move_v itself_o and_o therefore_o all_o motion_n in_o nature_n must_v be_v cause_v either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o by_o something_o that_o be_v not_o a_o body_n that_o be_v by_o a_o spiritual_a or_o intelligent_a be_v and_o such_o agent_n do_v design_n or_o act_v for_o a_o end_n therefore_o there_o must_v also_o be_v a_o final_a cause_n to_o make_v those_o agent_n to_o move_v body_n and_o make_v they_o act_v as_o they_o do_v in_o every_o particular_a action_n though_o never_o so_o minute_n which_o ground_n our_o notion_n of_o providence_n adequate_o govern_v the_o world_n even_o as_o to_o the_o least_o circumstance_n of_o it_o wherefore_o there_o be_v to_o every_o action_n in_o nature_n four_o cause_n necessary_o requisite_a which_o will_v afford_v reflecter_n ample_a occasion_n for_o speculation_n and_o contemplation_n for_o example_n when_o i_o write_v a_o letter_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v myself_o the_o material_a cause_n paper_n which_o receive_v the_o effect_n of_o my_o write_n the_o formal_a cause_n the_o character_n receive_v in_o the_o paper_n the_o final_a cause_n to_o gratify_v my_o friend_n treat_v of_o business_n or_o acquaint_v he_o with_o news_n 9_o there_o be_v no_o five_o cause_n call_v a_o idea_n as_o plato_n affirm_v for_o either_o that_o idea_n be_v conceive_v as_o introduce_v in_o the_o matter_n and_o receive_v there_o and_o then_o it_o be_v clear_o a_o formal_a cause_n or_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o artificer_n and_o than_o it_o concur_v to_o make_v he_o a_o efficient_a cause_n for_o without_o such_o a_o idea_n he_o can_v not_o produce_v such_o a_o artificial_a effect_n 10._o operation_n have_v not_o the_o same_o notion_n with_o action_n but_o be_v indifferent_a to_o action_n and_o passion_n or_o rather_o a_o kind_n of_o neutral_a notion_n make_v up_o of_o both_o for_o example_n notion_n or_o simple_a apprehension_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o first_o operation_n of_o our_o understanding_n though_o the_o soul_n in_o have_v they_o be_v pure_o passive_a so_o also_o my_o act_n of_o discourse_v willing_a etc._n etc._n be_v call_v operation_n though_o they_o be_v both_o perform_v by_o my_o soul_n and_o receive_v in_o it_o whence_o they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o neutral_a notion_n such_o as_o have_v curro_fw-la ardeo_fw-la and_o suchlike_a take_v such_o word_n not_o in_o a_o grammatical_a but_o in_o a_o philosophical_a and_o natural_a sense_n of_o which_o kind_n be_v all_o immanent_a action_n or_o act_n and_o therefore_o these_o be_v not_o so_o proper_o call_v action_n as_o operation_n in_o order_n to_o what_o they_o have_v of_o effective_a in_o they_o or_o else_o act_n because_o they_o actuate_v or_o inform_v the_o subject_a in_o which_o they_o be_v as_o well_o receive_v as_o they_o be_v produce_v by_o it_o whence_o action_n in_o the_o proper_a and_o obvious_a sense_n signify_v the_o efficience_n of_o a_o natural_a cause_n which_o have_v a_o transitive_a notion_n and_o infer_v passion_n and_o consequent_o some_o effect_n in_o the_o extrinsical_a subject_a it_o light_v on_o note_v that_o since_o action_n infer_v passion_n and_o refer_v to_o it_o hence_o whatever_o be_v discourse_v here_o of_o action_n may_v by_o turn_v the_o table_n as_o it_o be_v or_o consider_v motion_n in_o order_n to_o its_o other_o term_n be_v understand_v likewise_o of_o passion_n for_o which_o reason_n we_o treat_v of_o both_o those_o head_n in_o the_o same_o discourse_n lesson_n ix_o of_o the_o common_a head_n of_o ubi_fw-la or_o where_o 1._o ubi_fw-la or_o where_o signify_v in_o what_o place_n the_o notion_n of_o place_n must_v first_o be_v right_o understand_v ere_o we_o can_v have_v a_o right_a notion_n of_o the_o common_a head_n call_v ubi_fw-la and_o the_o word_n place_n be_v no_o artificial_a term_n but_o a_o natural_a one_o and_o use_v by_o all_o mankind_n we_o be_v to_o learn_v the_o true_a and_o proper_a meaning_n of_o it_o from_o the_o user_n of_o it_o that_o be_v we_o must_v take_v the_o notion_n of_o place_n not_o from_o man_n of_o art_n or_o speculater_n but_o from_o the_o vulgar_a
fill_v by_o know_v many_o truth_n but_o be_v enlarge_v and_o enable_v to_o know_v still_o more_o and_o be_v clear_a of_o the_o body_n she_o be_v not_o distract_v by_o object_n work_v upon_o the_o sense_n and_o the_o fancy_n but_o intimate_o and_o necessary_o present_a to_o herself_o and_o consequent_o to_o what_o be_v in_o herself_o and_o so_o be_v addict_v apply_v and_o natural_o necessitate_v to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o her_o body_n and_o consequent_o of_o herself_o as_o be_v the_o form_n of_o that_o body_n and_o fit_v for_o it_o and_o by_o herself_o to_o know_v all_o the_o truth_n connect_v with_o the_o knowledge_n of_o herself_o that_o be_v as_o be_v show_v all_o nature_n and_o this_o not_o successive_o one_o truth_n after_o another_o as_o she_o do_v when_o she_o be_v in_o the_o body_n and_o need_v the_o fancy_n and_o so_o accommodate_v her_o manner_n of_o work_v to_o its_o slow_a pace_n but_z be_v now_o a_o pure_a spirit_n and_o indivisible_a and_o so_o not_o commensurable_a to_o time_n or_o to_o before_o and_o after_o which_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n she_o be_v to_o know_v all_o she_o can_v know_v in_o the_o first_o instant_n she_o be_v a_o pure_a spirit_n that_o be_v at_o the_o instant_a of_o her_o separation_n these_o thing_n be_v evident_o so_o it_o follow_v that_o every_o soul_n separate_v from_o the_o body_n that_o know_v any_o one_o natural_a truth_n know_v all_o nature_n and_o this_o all_o at_o once_o in_o the_o first_o instant_n of_o her_o separation_n but_o of_o this_o more_o hereafter_o corol._n i._n hence_o we_o may_v frame_v some_o imperfect_a conception_n how_o our_o science_n differ_v from_o that_o of_o angel_n and_o how_o angel_n must_v know_v thing_n intuitive_o for_o since_o they_o have_v no_o sense_n they_o can_v have_v no_o abstract_a notion_n by_o different_a impression_n from_o the_o object_n on_o the_o sense_n nor_o consequent_o can_v they_o compound_v any_o two_o notion_n to_o frame_v a_o proposition_n much_o less_o can_v they_o discourse_v or_o compare_v two_o notion_n to_o a_o three_o and_o so_o deduce_v thence_o new_a knowledge_n call_v conclusion_n it_o be_v leave_v therefore_o that_o they_o must_v a_o tone_n view_v comprehend_v entire_o the_o metaphysical_a verity_n of_o the_o whole_a thing_n and_o all_o that_o be_v in_o it_o which_o we_o express_v by_o a_o identical_a proposition_n whence_o this_o knowledge_n or_o intuition_n of_o they_o abate_v the_o composition_n find_v in_o a_o identical_a proposition_n which_o too_o be_v the_o least_o that_o be_v imaginable_a be_v the_o near_a akin_a to_o that_o which_o we_o have_v of_o these_o identical_o by_o which_o we_o see_v that_o the_o supremum_fw-la infimi_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o a_o angel_n and_o man_n manner_n of_o knowledge_n be_v as_o the_o order_n of_o entity_n require_v contiguous_a as_o it_o be_v to_o that_o which_o be_v superior_a to_o it_o corol._n ii_o hence_o also_o be_v see_v how_o a_o separate_a soul_n know_v all_o thing_n after_o a_o different_a manner_n than_o angel_n do_v for_o though_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o separate_a soul_n operation_n be_v intuitive_a as_o be_v the_o angel_n yet_o because_o her_o natural_a genius_n lead_v and_o force_v she_o here_o to_o discourse_n and_o gather_v one_o truth_n by_o another_o that_o be_v to_o see_v one_o truth_n in_o another_o hence_o she_o retain_v a_o modification_n or_o a_o kind_n of_o tang_n of_o the_o discoursiveness_n she_o have_v here_o though_o she_o can_v in_o that_o state_n exercise_v it_o and_o that_o though_o she_o can_v then_o actual_o deduce_v new_a truth_n yet_o she_o see_v all_o truth_n as_o deducible_a from_o one_o another_o or_o follow_v one_o another_o by_o consequence_n we_o may_v frame_v some_o imperfect_a conception_n how_o this_o pass_v by_o this_o course_n similitude_n when_o we_o look_v upon_o a_o picture_n call_v a_o prospective_n all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v equal_o near_o our_o eye_n in_o themselves_o and_o we_o see_v they_o too_o all_o at_o once_o yet_o they_o appear_v to_o we_o as_o if_o one_o of_o they_o be_v far_o of_o than_o another_o even_o to_o a_o vast_a distance_n observe_v still_o a_o perfect_a order_n and_o decorum_n in_o their_o great_a propinquity_n or_o remoteness_n according_a as_o those_o part_n be_v more_o or_o less_o shadow_a or_o luminous_a so_o the_o soul_n know_v all_o at_o once_o whatever_o be_v knowable_a by_o she_o and_o they_o be_v equal_o near_o the_o eye_n of_o her_o understanding_n yet_o because_o of_o she_o acquire_v they_o here_o by_o way_n of_o discourse_n that_o be_v by_o proceed_v from_o more-clear_a to_o less_o clear_a truth_n she_o see_v they_o as_o follow_v one_o another_o or_o as_o it_o be_v beyond_o one_o another_o because_o they_o be_v not_o to_o she_o in_o this_o state_n so_o clear_a as_o the_o other_o in_o themselves_o but_o depend_v on_o the_o other_o for_o their_o evidence_n lesson_n v._o of_o other_o medium_n for_o demonstration_n take_v from_o the_o four_o cause_n 1._o there_o must_v necessary_o be_v 8._o four_o cause_n concur_v to_o every_o effect_n in_o nature_n for_o since_o nothing_o can_v do_v nothing_o it_o follow_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v do_v unless_o there_o be_v something_o that_o do_v or_o act_n that_o be_v unless_o there_o be_v a_o efficient_a cause_n which_o efficient_a must_v act_v upon_o something_o or_o some_o patient_n which_o be_v the_o matter_n on_o which_o it_o work_v or_o the_o material_a cause_n and_o it_o must_v work_v something_o in_o that_o matter_n which_o be_v receive_v in_o it_o must_v be_v some_o form_n either_o substantial_a or_o accidental_a which_o must_v consequent_o concur_v to_o that_o action_n formal_o or_o be_v the_o formal_a cause_n of_o it_o and_o since_o the_o orderer_n of_o all_o nature_n or_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v a_o intelligent_a be_v and_o not_o blind_a chance_n for_o whà t_n blind_a can_v order_n nothing_o and_o this_o first_o cause_n be_v the_o adequate_a governor_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v a_o intelligent_a be_v act_n see_o or_o with_o design_n that_o be_v with_o prospect_n of_o some_o end_n in_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v how_o great_a or_o minute_n soever_o and_o eâ—ery_o intelligent_a creature_n that_o administer_v the_o world_n in_o their_o several_a station_n under_o he_o whâ—â—her_v they_o be_v angel_n or_o man_n do_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n act_n designing_o too_o that_o be_v do_v propose_v to_o themselves_o some_o end_n good_a reason_n or_o motive_n for_o which_o they_o act_n and_o without_o â—hich_v it_o be_v against_o their_o nature_n to_o act_n and_o since_o metaphysic_n do_v clear_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o immediate_a action_n of_o the_o first_o cause_n be_v only_o to_o give_v be_v and_o *_o the_n oeconomy_n of_o the_o world_n be_v administer_v immediate_o by_o other_o intelligent_a being_n under_o he_o hence_o there_o must_v be_v a_o final_a cause_n too_o for_o every_o effect_n that_o be_v do_v in_o the_o world_n how_o small_a and_o inconsiderable_a soever_o it_o may_v seem_v wherefore_o there_o must_v necessary_o be_v four_o cause_n concur_v to_o euâ—ry_o effect_n in_o nature_n viz._n the_o efficient_a maâ—â—rial_a formal_a and_o final_a for_o example_n in_o my_o action_n of_o write_v a_o letter_n the_o efficient_a cause_n be_v myself_o the_o material_a cause_n be_v the_o paper_n the_o formal_a the_o character_n draw_v in_o the_o paper_n and_o the_o final_a to_o gratify_v my_o friend_n acquaint_v he_o with_o news_n etc._n etc._n 2._o hence_o we_o can_v demonstrate_v the_o a_o est_fw-fr of_o those_o four_o cause_n in_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o corporeal_a nature_n how_o remote_a soever_o it_o be_v from_o we_o and_o that_o they_o must_v concur_v to_o every_o effect_n though_o we_o do_v not_o know_v the_o quid_fw-la est_fw-la of_o they_o the_o first_o part_n of_o our_o thesis_n be_v prove_v for_o since_o the_o a_o est_fw-fr of_o all_o those_o cause_n or_o that_o there_o must_v be_v such_o four_o cause_n necessary_o concur_v to_o every_o effect_n follow_v out_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o action_n from_o the_o subject_n be_v quantitative_a and_o consequent_o variable_a substantial_o or_o accidental_o and_o from_o the_o supreme_a agent_n be_v be_v intelligent_a and_o these_o be_v equal_o find_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o universe_n how_o remote_a soever_o they_o be_v or_o in_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o body_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o same_o cause_n do_v concur_v to_o every_o effect_n all_o over_o the_o world_n as_o they_o do_v in_o those_o body_n near_o we_o and_o with_o who_o operation_n we_o be_v acquaint_v the_o second_o part_n be_v evident_a since_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o a_o est_fw-fr or_o that_o there_o be_v something_o may_v it_o be_v know_v by_o experience_n though_o we_o know_v not_o what_o that_o thing_n be_v as_o we_o experience_v when_o we_o hit_v
a_o stand_n or_o nonplus_v to_o find_v a_o reason_n for_o the_o thing_n it_o admire_v whence_o it_o infer_v demonstrative_o a_o power_n of_o reason_v capable_a to_o act_v or_o exercise_v itself_o in_o other_o thing_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v all_o passive_a property_n which_o be_v quarto_fw-la modo_fw-la as_o the_o school_n phrase_n be_v or_o proper_o such_o for_o these_o spring_v necessary_o or_o immediate_o out_o of_o the_o essence_n be_v by_o consequence_n natural_o connect_v with_o it_o and_o the_o essence_n with_o they_o whence_o they_o be_v proper_a medium_n to_o infer_v demonstrative_o such_o a_o essence_n à _fw-fr posteriori_fw-la and_o the_o essence_n a_o fit_a medium_fw-la to_o demonstrate_v they_o à _fw-la priori_fw-la 12._o that_o demonstration_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o formal_a cause_n or_o from_o the_o subject_a as_o it_o be_v formal_o and_o essential_o such_o have_v be_v show_v above_o lesson_n 3._o §§_o 7._o and_o 8._o where_o it_o be_v manifest_v that_o the_o middle_a notion_n in_o the_o gradual_a line_n give_v we_o the_o part_n that_o be_v include_v in_o the_o definition_n be_v proper_a middle_a term_n to_o connect_v demonstrative_o the_o inferior_a and_o superior_a notion_n 13._o the_o causality_n of_o the_o final_a cause_n consi_v in_o this_o that_o it_o move_v the_o efficient_a to_o act_v this_o cause_n can_v have_v no_o place_n but_o in_o intelligent_a being_n this_o be_v evident_a because_o only_o such_o can_v know_v a_o end_n or_o consequent_o aim_v at_o it_o or_o work_v for_o it_o corol._n ii_o wherefore_o when_o it_o be_v say_v that_o such_o a_o effect_n v._n g._n the_o follow_v of_o water_n in_o a_o pump_n happen_v in_o nature_n ne_fw-la detur_fw-la vacuum_fw-la that_o nature_n fly_v from_o or_o abhor_v vacuum_n that_o as_o aristotle_n acute_o speculate_v entia_fw-la nolunt_fw-la malè_fw-la gubernari_fw-la and_o such_o like_a the_o true_a mean_v of_o those_o say_n can_v only_o be_v this_o that_o it_o be_v high_o against_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o first_o intelligent_a be_v who_o create_v the_o world_n and_o of_o the_o inferior_a one_o angel_n who_o manage_v it_o under_o he_o that_o ground_n shall_v be_v lay_v in_o nature_n for_o a_o contradiction_n to_o be_v true_a or_o that_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n shall_v be_v contrive_v in_o a_o bad_a method_n or_o carry_v on_o after_o a_o absurd_a manner_n corol._n xii_o hence_o these_o say_n thus_o right_o understand_v have_v in_o they_o the_o force_n of_o a_o noble_a and_o more_o solid_a demonstration_n from_o the_o final_a cause_n than_o can_v be_v take_v from_o any_o corporeal_a efficient_n and_o effect_n though_o they_o be_v never_o so_o proper_a to_o one_o another_o for_o these_o say_n engage_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o supreme_a cause_n and_o of_o the_o noble_a cause_n under_o he_o and_o which_o have_v they_o not_o rectitude_n in_o their_o understanding_n will_n and_o operation_n all_o nature_n will_v be_v wrong_a and_o ground_n or_o beget_v in_o we_o nothing_o but_o error_n the_o demonstration_n stand_v thus_o the_o immediate_a end_n of_o those_o cause_n be_v that_o the_o world_n shall_v be_v order_v wise_o that_o be_v so_o as_o that_o thâ—_n thing_n shall_v be_v a_o ground_n for_o truth_n therefore_o it_o be_v most_o high_o impossible_a there_o can_v be_v any_o ground_n for_o a_o contradiction_n in_o thing_n which_o the_o first_o cause_n do_v make_v and_o the_o other_o do_v manage_v but_o be_v there_o a_o vacuum_n there_o will_v be_v ground_n for_o a_o contradiction_n ergo_fw-la etc._n etc._n corol._n xiii_o hence_o we_o may_v with_o pity_n remark_n the_o ignorance_n folly_n or_o rather_o frenzy_n of_o those_o gross_a speculator_n who_o by_o allow_v nothing_o but_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n be_v force_v by_o their_o impious_a and_o foolish_a tenet_n to_o speak_v of_o insensible_a thing_n as_o if_o they_o be_v intelligent_a it_o be_v something_o pardonable_a in_o lover_n when_o they_o speak_v to_o tree_n rivers_n and_o mountain_n to_o vent_v the_o passion_n that_o be-mads_a they_o but_o it_o be_v shameful_a in_o pretender_n to_o philosophy_n who_o be_v to_o reduce_v natural_a effect_n to_o their_o cause_n and_o to_o speak_v of_o both_o literal_o as_o they_o be_v yet_o such_o and_o so_o apply_v must_v be_v the_o common_a language_n of_o mere_a naturalist_n who_o look_v no_o high_a than_o matter_n and_o talk_v of_o great_a nature_n or_o the_o soul_n of_o the_o world_n and_o such_o windy_a whimsy_n order_v thing_n thus_o and_o thus_o that_o be_v design_v a_o end_n hate_v and_o abhor_v this_o thing_n affect_v another_o which_o yet_o all_o the_o while_n they_o deny_v to_o be_v intelligent_a thing_n lest_o they_o shall_v grant_v a_o first_o be_v make_v nature_n and_o spiritual_a second_a cause_n carry_v on_o the_o course_n of_o it_o and_o move_a it_o regular_o nor_o matter_n it_o that_o we_o have_v now_o and_o than_o to_o use_v the_o same_o language_n for_o we_o do_v acknowledge_v it_o to_o be_v improper_a and_o can_v reduce_v it_o to_o a_o litteral_n sense_n agree_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o thing_n manage_v by_o such_o governor_n which_o these_o man_n can_v 14._o there_o can_v be_v no_o final_a cause_n in_o respect_n to_o god._n for_o end_n and_o good_a be_v the_o same_o and_o god_n be_v infinite_o perfect_a and_o infinite_o happy_a in_o himself_o there_o can_v no_o good_a accrue_v to_o he_o from_o any_o thing_n out_o of_o himself_o or_o from_o creature_n and_o so_o they_o can_v have_v the_o notion_n of_o a_o end_n in_o respect_n to_o he_o wherefore_o when_o it_o be_v say_v that_o god_n aim_v at_o the_o good_a of_o his_o creature_n or_o that_o to_o govern_v the_o world_n wise_o be_v his_o end_n the_o meaning_n of_o these_o word_n be_v only_o this_o that_o he_o act_v as_o become_v his_o wisdom_n or_o his_o wisdom_n be_v his_o essence_n he_o act_v as_o he_o be_v 15._o speak_v of_o mankind_n we_o can_v demonstrate_v some_o act_n of_o his_o will_n from_o the_o final_a cause_n suppose_v and_o a_o final_a cause_n from_o the_o suppose_a act_n of_o his_o will._n for_o since_o the_o will_n be_v a_o power_n and_o all_o power_n be_v specify_v or_o have_v their_o particular_a essence_n from_o the_o respect_n they_o have_v to_o such_o or_o such_o object_n and_o the_o object_n of_o the_o will_n be_v a_o appear_v good_a it_o follow_v that_o it_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o will_v to_o act_v for_o a_o appear_v good_a wherefore_o if_o we_o can_v demonstrate_v as_o we_o may_v often_o that_o such_o a_o particular_a object_n must_v all_o thing_n consider_v appear_v a_o good_a to_o a_o man_n in_o such_o circumstance_n it_o will_v both_o follow_v â_fw-la priori_fw-la that_o if_o his_o will_n act_n it_o be_v for_o a_o appear_v good_a and_o also_o â_fw-la posteriori_fw-la that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o appear_v good_a there_o will_v follow_v a_o act_n of_o his_o will._n the_o proof_n of_o both_o be_v plain_a for_o since_o the_o will_n be_v a_o power_n to_o act_n for_o a_o appear_v good_a if_o it_o do_v not_o in_o due_a circumstance_n act_n for_o it_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o will_n be_v not_o a_o will_n or_o else_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o a_o appear_v good_a be_v not_o the_o object_n of_o the_o will._n whence_o since_o it_o can_v have_v no_o other_o object_n imaginable_a it_o will_v follow_v again_o that_o the_o will_n be_v no_o power_n and_o consequent_o no_o will._n nor_o do_v this_o take_v away_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o will_n which_o be_v exercise_v in_o choose_v one_o out_o of_o many_o but_o establish_v the_o essence_n of_o it_o corol._n 14._o hence_o the_o most_o easy_a and_o most_o connaturall_a way_n to_o manage_v or_o treat_v with_o mankind_n be_v to_o make_v that_o which_o you_o will_v bring_v they_o to_o do_v appear_v to_o be_v their_o good_a for_o than_o they_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o obey_v and_o if_o either_o through_o perverseness_n or_o delusion_n by_o other_o they_o will_v not_o be_v bring_v to_o see_v that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o common_a good_a to_o be_v their_o own_o there_o be_v no_o way_n leave_v but_o to_o over-awe_n they_o with_o fear_n that_o so_o at_o least_o it_o may_v appear_v to_o they_o a_o good_a to_o avoid_v punishment_n lesson_n vi_o several_a instance_n of_o demonstration_n 1._o the_o method_n of_o demonstrate_v be_v twofold_a the_o one_o be_v perform_v by_o exact_a syllogism_n in_o right_a mood_n and_o figure_n the_o other_o by_o lay_v first_o certain_a maxim_n axiom_n or_o pestulatum_n and_o then_o prove_v the_o thesis_n by_o the_o concatenation_n of_o many_o proposition_n orderly_o succeed_v one_o another_o which_o be_v the_o way_n euclid_n take_v for_o this_o late_a way_n may_v be_v full_a as_o solid_a as_o the_o other_o though_o it_o look_v not_o so_o artificial_o provide_v its_o several_a consequence_n