oppression from whence oftimes doth come the unfortunat and unhappy events of warlike enterprises and expeditions for where the feare of God is taken away there the common-weale must needes decay and then the ruine of the people doth follow Likewise we see here that all that come to the warres as many foolish men doe thinke are not killed but some die through one kinde of death and some by another so that we ought ever be prepared and ready not knowing how when or where to die Happy then is that man that is prepared to die as if he should die to morrow for many have I seene rise well in the morning the time of these warres who went not to bed at night Our care then should be still to meditate on the end that it may be good and then doubtlesse we shall die well The infection being great at this time in Brandenburg I contracted a sodaine fit of sicknesse that was vehement and therefore did not continue above forty eight houres It was so vehement that if I had not suddenly overcome it doubtlesse it had overcome me but praised be God then I banished death by imagination as I did divers times before yet at last I know he will have about with me but my confidence is that by the helpe of the Conqueror I will overcome him in th' end as my Captaine and Leader hath done who is gone before me and opened a Dore to me to enter at where I may sing Triumphing over my enemies with those that follow the Lambe in the Communion of the Saints blessed for ever The twelfth Duty discharged of our March from Brandenburg over the Elve at Tangermound and from thence to Werben IN the middest of Iuly our Army did breake up from Brandenburg and marched towards Ratenough the Emperialists having left it being marched towards Tangermound his Majesty advanced with the commanded Musketiers and a strong party of horse who having set through the River of the Elve they surprized the enemy at Werben where a Lievetenant Colonell was taken prisoner and then after Colonell Dowbatle with his Dragoniers did take in by surprize also Tangermound before his Majesty was come with the party and being come immediatly he caused to set over the River a ship-bridge which was fortified before the entry over which our foote Army did passe and our horse with the Cannon Amunition and baggage did wade through the River where never one was seene to passe with Cannon before so that without impediment our Cannon and baggage for the most part came safely through but those waggons that were lightest being loaden with Boores trash as it came lightly so it went lightly with the streame Et meritò The Emperialists at Carleben hearing we had crossed the Elve tooke them to their flight to provide betimes for their winter quarters Wolmerstat also was taken by a weake party of our horsemen having heard our Army had crossed the River of the Elve such a feare came among them that they never looked behinde them but still fled directing Poast upon Poast to Generall Tillie to retire backe from During being minded unto Hessen who receiving newes of his Majesties crossing the Elve he turning faces about with his whole Army continued his expedition backward to finde us at Werben before we could be intrenched as he thought But where he did but march with his Army in the day time we with spadâ—s and shovells wrought our selves night and day in the ground so that before his coming we had put our selves out of danger of his Cannon Generall Bannier with the rest of our Army coming after us tooke in Hagleberg in his way and beset it with a strong Garrison where Generall Major Kagg did command to whom was conjoyned my cozen Fowles his Regiment after he had taken the Castle of Bloe in Macleburgh in his march with his owne Regiment alone where they made good booty but their Souldiers got but sleight quarters as Bannier did give at the intaking of this Towne and Castle of Hagleberg The twelfth Observation AT this time I did remarke the great wonderfull rare and extraordinary mercy of God towards our Leader the Kings Majesty and his Royall little Army which before our removing from old Brandenburg was much infected with the plague of Pestilence so that we knew not the sicke from the whole for of our Regiment alone there died in one weeke above thirty Souldiers and being but removed six dayes at our downe-lying at Werben we scarce knew there was any infection amongst us so that in a moneths time we were miraculously rid of it and for mine owne part I neither know nor can conjecture any reason for it cheifely being in the dogge dayes and in a Leaguor but the Lords mercy towards his Majesty and his Army being at this time farre inferiour in strength to our enemies Many examples and testimonies of Gods favour towards his Majesty I did observe on this march for such terâ—or was put in their hearts by his Majesties victory obtained at Francford and Lansberg that they fled where once they did heare of our coming being perswaded and informed by their consciences that if his Majesty were victorious they should get no better quarters thâ—n were given by them at Madeburg which made them quit strong Gâ—rrisons before they would attend or abide the danger Wherefore we may plâ—inly conclude that they doe not merit the name of Souldiers nor yet the title of couragious CoÌ„manders that did succumbe before they saw or felt the dinte of their enemies valour Fie then on such Commanders If they were of my friends I would allow them a Pinne higher on the Gallowes then is allowed for common offences for such Cullions that quit places for feare not seeing their enemies are unworthy the name of Souldiers but I thinke they were too rich and consequently they grew too feâ—ble Likewise here I did rejoyce and was glad when I did observe that it is not nor was not peculiar to any still to have overcome or to be victorious the Emperialists I know by experience and so did the Regiment I commanded had their time of the victory against the King of Denmarke where I did learne to make a retreate but now being come under another Leader there Fortune began to change and to retire from us we learning under the invincible Gustavus to advance orderly never falling off but ever keeping faces to our enemy a brave lesson learned from a brave Commander So that we see here victory keepes no constant dwelling being now here now there yet we see that it is best kept with counsell and vertue neither can I thinke but fortune and chance hath a great hand in it for it is a greater matter to use victory well then to overcome and all victors have an insatiable desire of their prosperous fortune never appointing an end to their desires And nothing brings victory more next unto God then good Commanders whereof King Gustavus the
and be at his pleasure and were all made prisoners By midday his Majesty hearing there were not farre from Nurenberg some Emperialists seene so soone as his Majesty had gotten sure intelligence of them he brake up with seventeene Troopes of horse and some foote and marched on Enschbrooke whence the Emperialists had gone but a little before his Majesty lying there that night getting intelligence againe of some Crabbats that did ly on the Castle Richell shewing there were some six hundred Emperialists coming to releeve Lawffe hearing of his Majesties being there they retired towards Bavaria yet his Majesty following them in the night falls on them and cuts off three hundred where fifty were prisoners and two Cornets taken from them with a great deale of booty his Majesty then turning backe continued his march towards Saxony having left all behinde him in Franconia and Schwabland in good order his Majesty in all haste to releeve the Duke of Saxon and his country went from Nurenberg to Swinefort and from thence over During Vault where he joyned his forces with Duke Barnard of Wymar and then continued the march towards Arnestat where they lay still two dayes to refresh the Army wearied with hard marching and from Arnestat he marched to the generall Randez-vouz being then appointed at Erfort the Army being then eighteene thousand strong under whom there was no other Scots Regiment but Colonell Lodowicke Lesly his Regiment His Majesty having made a speech to the Counsell of Erfort he left the Queenes Majesty there and blessed her and then marched from thence on Boodestawde from whence Papenhaim with the Leguisticall Army had but passed a few dayes before and his Majesty having quartered the Army in the Ampt Freeburg he commanded Duke Barnard of Wymar with fifteene hundred horse to fall on the enemies reare or hinder Troopes But Papenhaim having in haste past over the Sale towards Morsburg the Duke could have no advantage of him but retired againe to his Maiesties Army His Maiesty understanding the Emperialists had sent thirty musketiers towards Nawmburg to get in the rest of the money they had promised unto Tilly the yeere before his Majesty incontinent commanded some forces with Colonell Brandesten to see if they could get in Nawmburg who having come before it the twenty ninth of October before day desired to make up the Portes in his Majesties name of Sweden those who had the watch at the Port answered it behooved them first to shew their Commanders of it otherwise they could not answer for it which they understanding unwilling to stay so long taking a short resolution with axes and hammers they cut downe the Port and entred perforce finding at another Port a wicket open they enter also and incontinent they bring the Towne in subjection the Emperialists then in the Towne were in danger if the inhabitants had not interceeded for them to spare them who did get quarters soone after six hundred Emperialists horsmen came before the Towne led by Colonell Breda who desired to make quarters in the Towne but beyond their expectation having perceived the Swedens horse-watch before the Ports altering their resolution incontinent they retired backe towards Visenfelts The thirtieth of October betimes in the morning his Majestie sets over the Sale with the Horsemen at the Dorpe Altenburg directing the Infantrie to passe at the Bridge where before mid-day the whole Armie were come to Nawmburg and marching by on this side of it they lay that day and two dayes after that in the fields before Iacobs Port on the streete that goeth to Leipsigh After this his Majestie being advertised that Walestine with his Armie was marching on Visenfelts shewing himselfe as if he meant to stand and fight incontinent his Majestie intrenched his Armie about Nawmburg with Skonces and Redoubts and set two Bridges over the Sale where on all occasions he could transport the Infantrie over such a water and being readie then he threw off all Bridges from thence over the Vustrout till Freeberg whâ—reby they should not be helpfull unto the enemy Whereupon the Duke of Freedland Walestine changing resolution the Towne and Castle of Visenfelts being in his power to use them for his advantage he plundering both Towne and Castle the fourth of November marched with his Armie towards Leitzen two miles from Leipsigh and incamped there The thirty-ninth Observation IN the discharge of the former dutie we see his Majestie was troubled with a double care the one for his Queene the other for his Armie being diligent in bringing both forwards as also carefull to put them both in assurance for having left the Queene at Donavert he marched on Rhine to subdue his enemies Where we see that it behooved him first to put his Impedimenta in assurance teaching thereby Cavaliers that followed him in time of service to quit their wives whereby their care might be the better employed in discharging the points of their Calling which shews us that such impediments at such times were better away than present for our nature is ever to grieve much for the losse of things we love Therefore our care that are Souldiers having wives should be to settle them where they should not be Impedimenta unto us in discharging of our duties before our Enemy to the end we might the better be freed of this double care his Majestie was subject unto at this time which no question troubled his Majesties resolutions more than any thing else The tragicall end of this Dutch Colonell Metzlaffe should teach all Cavaliers to whom Strengths are concredited not to give over without great necessitie especially being made fore-seene of a Reliefe to come And the greatest blame that was imputed unto him was his too much neglect of the duties of his Calling being too carefull to entertaine Cameradeship night and day the fruit whereof in the end was ignominie with the losse of life and credit Which should teach all men to avoide such a beastly life dishonouring the noble profession of Armes We see then no law or justice is more strict or more summary than the Discipline military where the Articles we are sworne unto are our lawes which being transgressed we are subject to the punishment and if our lawes were not strict and our punishment sharpe it were impossible to keepe us in obedience But I am sorry that for the most part we abstaine more for feare of punishment than for obedience to God and the law This censure though hard from me the truth is still the same though man were silent On this march towards Saxonie all things succeeded to his Majesties desire as presages of his ensuing victorie seeing Fortune smiled on him during his life time being Fortunes fellow he was still incouraged to the Combat though weakest for magnanimitie and the vertue of true humilitie were both cohabitant in him For as he had courage with a weake Armie to rancounter a stronger Even so he humbled himselfe before God acknowledging before the
time may change him to another man I will let him be his own Beadle and for his punishment I would not care though he were made to sing an Invective against himselfe But I pray God we may be freed of the like our selves and not to looke upon another with a Beam'd eye but rather to be our owne Antidot's against all the poyson that another is able to spit upon us Let us then have our eyes fixed upon vertue and we shall finde a beautie that will every day take us with some grace or other For the world hath nothing so glorious in it as vertue when shee rides Triumphing as both these Cavaliers doe after death in despight of their enemies like Phoebean Champions praysed by their enemies for resisting their strongest assaults are now renowned in despight of envie and the abusive world And the worthy Souldiers their Associats in this memorable conflict and hot storme are not to be forgotten but to be praysed for their valour For though as I said by appearance to looke but on their outsides they were the meanest in shew of our whole Regiment yet God that gives hearts and courage unto men made them the instruments of our Regiments first credit in the warres of Germany They were I confesse led by brave Officers which were seconded and obeyed by resolute and stout Souldiers that gained victory and credit over their enemies in extremitie by casting sand in their eyes This victory puts me in mind of a prettie Story shewing that some times the meanest things doe helpe us much against our enemies especially when the LORD will blesse our fighting with meane Instruments fighting for us for his owne glory Iovianios Pontanus reports of Alphons being resolved by assault to take in Vicaro his Souldiers having at the first past the countersharpe and fossie scaling the walles the Inhabitants not able to repulse them with stones and the enemy unawares having surprised them that they got not leasure to arme themselves they threw Bee hives amongst the enemy which being dispersed sticking under their Armes and in their faces forced the enemy to retire uneffectuating his designe Reade Iovian in his seventh Booke of Alphons his deed Cap. 2. Ierome Osorius reports the like Story of one Captaine Baregue a Portugall in his eighth Booke of Portugall who by throwing Bee-hives on his enemies made them to retire The like was done of late in Hungaria on a Fort belonging to the Bishop of Agria neere the Turkes which with the like helpe was relieved of a sudden assault the Souldiers not having time to goe to their Armes used this meane and were saved thereby We see then that an immortall good name is attained unto by vertue and not by villany Here also in this conflict we see notwithstanding of the enemies eager pursuit with fury that resolution at last prevailes for the defenders having at first resisted their fury the enemy with losse being forced to retire the assailers were discouraged and the defenders incouraged Therefore it is the dutie of a brave Captaine that is to be assailed to resist the beginnings well and then the end must needs be glorious In such occasions happie is that Commander that in extremitie of danger is accompanied with a few trustie friends and Souldiers He may be assured not to be forsaken as I have beene some times by strangers The valiant Souldier is ever best knowne in the greatest extremitie of danger and a forebeaten enemy once or twice repulsed will be loath to continue his pursute But he that would gaine honour must resolve to contemne death though ever before his eyes Wherefore I would wish the brave Souldier to be ever well prepared to die who should glory in nothing earthly more than in the tokens of his valour being knowne they were got with credit and not by infamie as many unworthy Souldiers oft-times get wounds but not with credit while for their cowardise they are running away yet they will vaunt amongst the unknowne as if their wounds were credibly gotten Here also we may see the resolution and courage of our Country-man to be prayse-worthy though killed serving the Emperour for though I loved him not being mine enemy yet I honour his memory in serving them truely whom he did serve for his owne credit Of all professions men of our profession ought to looke neerest to their credits being attained unto by much toyle and travell and is lost with little Therefore it is said that a valourous man his credit hangs as it were at one haire and one little errour or oversight in command can obnubilate all his former glory Circumspect then had we need to be to preserve this credit so dearely bought and easily lost We must not then looke to the outside of a man but unto his vertues for he that judgeth men of our profession by Physiognomie shall oft-times be deceived for he that is not stout by nature in our profession having served out a seaven yeares prentiship under such a Leader as the magnanimous King of Denmarke such a one though not stout by nature by frequencie of danger is made stout as a sword fearing nothing not death it selfe And Souldiers thus used with danger for the love of their Leaders to gaine their favours and good opinion will undertake the hazard of the greatest dangers for their Commanders sake Such then that have travelled well should by due have rest since the Crowne is laid up and ordained for him that fights well On the other part to end this observation as I did begin there is no pâ—nishment more grievous than the publique ill-will of all men especially for just causes And in my opinion it is better to be buried in oblivion than to be evill spoken of to posteritie The first Dutie discharged of our Retreat from Rapine to Wismere on the Baltick Coast. HAving rested eight dayes at Rapine of intention to have marched toward Silesia to joyne with the Armie there God that disposes all things by his providence for our best provided that we went not for the Armie there being beaten and put to rout whereof few escaped The enemy after his Victory following downe to us-ward and having crossed the Elve behinde us our retreat towards the Kings Armie in Holsten was hindred the passages being all beset by the enemies forces so that there was no other passage free for our Armie to passe through but onely to retire towards the Baltick Sea to patronize the Isle of Poule for our safetie till such time as shipping should be provided by his Majestie to transport us unto Holsten Orders then were given to the whole Armie to march with all celeritie from Rapine unto the Randezvouz being appointed at Perlesberg where having come together we were neere ten thousand strong of horse and foot being sufficiently provided of Artillery and Ammunition answerable to the strength of our Armie Our march in great haste night and day continues towards Wismere being afraid of our enemies
passe in danger of losing My Colonell in all haste was commanded to march with the halfe of his Regiment to maintaine the passe The Colonell commanded me to have the men in readinesse and to distribute Ammunition amongst the Souldiers which done the Colonell leading on marches towards the passe under mercy of Cannon and musket the Generall meeting us bids aske the souldiers if they went on with courage they shouting for joy cast up their hats rejoycing in their march seeming glad of the occasion The Generall commending their courage and resolution doth blesse them in passing At our ongoing to the passe the enemies cannon played continually on the Colours which were torne with the Cannon Also to my griefe my Camerade Lievetenant Hugh Rosse was the first that felt the smart of the Cannon Bullet being shot in the leg who falling not fainting at his losse did call couragiously go on bravely Camerades and I wish I had a Treene or a woodden leg for your sakes in this instant of time and as I beleeve with one bullet the leg was also shot from David Rosse sonne to Rosse of Gannis The service thus hot both of Canon and musket many were hurt at the ongoing where I received a favourable marke being hurt in the inner side of my right knee with the end of mine owne Partizan being shot off by the Cannon bullet And we drawing neere to the passe The Dutch that were on service being all fled but the Captaine the passe neere lost my Colonell drawes off a plotton of Musketiers of the Right wing being most of them brave young gentlemen of the Colonells owne companie which in all haste with an Officer were directed to maintaine the passe which being hardly pursued sundry worthy young gentlemen did lie on the place in the defence of it and sundry were hurt as Andrew Monro Hector Monro Alexander Tâ—â—lough Arthur Forbesse and divers more of common souldiers By this time the rest of the Colonells division were not idle from service the reliefes going often on and the rest doing service along the passe having a hedge for their shelter The Body of the Pikes standing for two howers in battell under mercy of Cannon and musket so that their suffrings and hurts were greater both amongst Officers and Souldiers than the hurt done to the Musketiers that were on service for few of their Officers escaped unhurt as Ensigne Ennis Ensigne Stewart Ensigne Monro divers also were killed as Andrew Monro Ferwhar Monro and Mâ—rdo Powison was killed with a Cannon In time of this hot service powder being distributing amongst souldiers a whole Barrell was blowne up whereby the Colonell was burnt in the face and many Souldiers spoiled the enemy seeing our powder blowne up presse to force the passage and some comming over Captaine Iohn Monro with a few Musketiers was commanded in a flat Champange to encounter the enemy who forced the enemy to retire so that the passe was cleered againe by Captaine Iohn his valour much to his credit The first division of our Regiment having thus maintained the passe for two howres hot service then comes from the leâ—ger for reliefe of the Colonells division the Lievetenant Colonell with the other division nothing inferiour to the first who falling on fresh with man-like courage the other division falls off to refresh themselves during their Camerades being on service at the very entry the Lievetenant Colonell was hurt Sr. Patrick Mackey and Iohn Forbesse of Tullough both Captaines were hurt Lievetenant Andrew Stewart Ensigne Seaton and Ensigne Gordon were also hurt and many gentlemen and common Souldiers were killed This service continued in this manner from seaven a clocke in the morning till it was past foure in the afternoone first began with the halfe of the Regiment who were relieved by the other halfe which continued till mid-day after that the service not being so hot as before they went on to service by companies one company relieveing another till night that it grew darke and then darkenesse the enemy of valour made â—he service to cease During all this time our Horsemen stoode bravely in Battell under mercy of Cannon and Musket besides the foote attending to second us in case the enemy had set over and forced the passe which once he adventured to do but was suddenly beaten backe all this while the Generall the Duke of Wesmar and both the Armies were witnesses to the manly and brave cariage of this praise worthy Regiment In the evening before night ammunition on both sides growing scarce darkenesse comming on the service begins to beare up by this time there is a Barrell of beere sent us from the Leager the Officers for haste caused to beate out the head of it that every man might come unto it with hat or head peece they flocking about the waggon whereon the Barrell lay the enemies Cannonier gives a voley to their beere which by Gods providence though shot amongst the mid'st of them did no more harme but blew Barrell and beere in the Ayre the neerest misse that I did ever see for many of them were downe to the grounde whereof my brother Captaine Obstell of worthy memory was one At night the service ceast I was sent by the rest of the Officers to the Leager to my Colonell for Orders to learne of the Generall who should relieve us at night My Colonell did go to the Generalls Tent and I with him to have his Excellences resolution who haveing Nobly accepted of the Colonell did praise him and his Regiment requesting him that as the Regiment had done bravely all day in being the instruments under God of his safety and of the Armies he would once more request him that his Regiment might hold out the inch as they had done the span till it was darke and then they should be relieved as he was a Christian And drinkeing to me I returned with a Resolution to my Camerades leaving my Colonell in the Leager And as it grew darke we were relieved by the Duke of Weimar his earnest and diligent intreaty having proved our good friend in urging to take us first off The Generall having resolved to retire from the enemy with the whole Army by reason Ammunition grew scarce and we having deserved best were first brought off getting orders to march in the night to ships The sixt Observation THe wise Ancients said it was the principall thing in all things to looke unto the end but it is the propertie of our Nation to be over wise behinde the hand as we were after the service having lost thereat a great many of our friends we ought to have beene the more circumspect againe But our condition is so that no experience can make us wise till we be soare beaten by others and then we will grow kinde one to another Amongst the Romans none was admitted to the dignity of a Commander till first he had past a prentiship under a brave Generall where he was taught the use
Majestie continually to divert them from us esteeming more of our soules than of deceivable riches whereof the possession is uncertaine as was seene at this time both in Holsten and Yewtland their riches went faster away than they came and though they could have enjoyed them yet at last they were forced to leave them to others Since therefore we can carry nothing with us but our good name let us be ever carefull of that discharging so farre as we may with a good Conscience our dutie to God and man and this Heritage we cannot be robbed of though the world should turne to nothing Here we see this magnanimous King his estate falling for his love to his Niece the distressed Queene of Bohemia and her Children seeing her banished from her Kingdome by the sword of her enemies he hazards the losse of his Crowne and person to get her restored bringing the sword of his enemies within his owne Countrey fortune having crossed him abroad yet for all this this Magnanimous King was not dejected but with a couragious resolution makes use of the time retiring to one corner of his Kingdome to prevent the losse of the whole being naturally fortified with a broad graffe as the Isle of Britaine being strong of shipping having his Majestie of Britaine to friend and the Estates of the united Provinces he was carelesse of the Emperours forces by Sea or Land not being able to harme his Majestie more than they did By this example we may see what advantage our Soveraigne the Kings Majestie of great Britaine hath over all forraigne Kings in Europe through the scituation of his Dominions being mightie in power of men shipping and money is able to make warre abroad where he pleaseth and to make a safe Retreat when he pleaseth being Master at Sea as he can easily be terrifying his enemies with one Armie abroad and a strong Armie at Sea he can offend whom he will and retire when he list forcing all Europe to be in feare of him and his Majestie in feare of none but of the King of Kings The Lord therefore preserve his Majestie his Children and Subjects from the power of forraigne enemies and I wish a great part of my friends and Country-men were so farre addicted to seeke the restitution of her Majestie of Bohemia and her Royall Issue as I am the warres then should never end till they were restored and I avenged of my friends bloud and mine owne shed in the quarrell Here also I did observe his Majesties circumspection in preventing the Emperialists in coming by water unto his Kingdome having beset all Finland with strong Garrisons of Horse and Foote which kept strong guards and good watch by night and by day at such places on the Coast as was most in danger of the enemies over-setting till in the end the enemy was forced to retire his Armie leaving but a few men in Garrison in the Townes which lay on the Coast which Garrisons his Majestie with shipping did often visite to their great hurt with strong parties retiring againe having done his exployt at his pleasure in safetie This Magnanimous King to my knowledge deserved to have been worthily thought of and well spoken of for his noble enterprizing of the warre being Leader and Generall in so good a cause And though the successe was not answerable I dare be bold to affirme it was none of his Majesties fault for his Majestie not onely bestowed much in advancing of it but also did hazard himselfe and his Crowne in maintaining of it Neverthelesse there are alwayes some Cynicks that doe barke at his Majesties proceedings without reason where we may see that no man no nor Kings themselves can escape the lash of censure and none can eschew to be traduced by the ignominious aspersions of the malevolent tongue Therefore it is good to doe well and then we need not care what is said except the sayer put his name to his assertion and then he may be made to foote his Boule in maintaining of it or unworthily to refuse it Here also I did observe that no Armour nor passe could remove the Generalls feare for having once imagined the enemies over-coming he was never fully setled till he was safe a ship-board And therefore I did see at this time that verified that when man distrusteth God it is then just with God to leave man to himselfe for after our Retreat being on the Roade the Generall being thronged in his owne Ship could not command a Ship to transport his servants till I forced a Ship for his Excellencies service which should teach all men in Authoritie while they have command to command with discretion lest the wheele should turne and then they should be beholding to those whom before they commanded Here also I did see mutinous Souldiers well rewarded and it may be sooner than they thought for the day before those that call'd for money when they were commanded to goe on service the next day I being a Ship-board did see them turne slaves unto their enemies being taken prisoners robbed both of Cloaths and money and kept long in bondage being forced to serve against their Conscience such was their folly in calling for money when it was no time to tell it Having at this time left our horses and baggage to our enemies I observed somewhat on the love of men to those beasts and the love of beasts to their Masters as worth the noting to confirme the kindnesse that should be entertained amongst Christians and men of one profession my brother Obstell of worthy memory had a Horse of our owne Country-breed that was so familiarly acquainted with his Souldiers and with the noise and touch of Drumme that the whole day on our march when his Master went a foote he unled followed the Drumme a little aside from the Company halting when they halted and moving when they moved fast or slow Another Horse I left that being in Wismer Leager having rode out one day to a wood halfe a mile from the Leager to cause to cut timber leaving my Horse standing alone and my Cloake on my Saddle a Rutter coming by unknowne to me and my fellowes steales my Horse away who finding himselfe in strangers hands skips loose and runs to our Leager being chas't and hunted at by more than a hundred Horsemen out-runs them all unto the trenches and running through the Leager stands before my Tent my Camerades wondering what became of mee thinking I had been killed by the Horsemen come and make search for me and finding me tell me of my Horse These beasts I have remembred for their love for which I will set downe some particulars concerning the addresse fidelitie and bountie of some Horses whereof I have formerly read Plinie protests their prayses cannot be expressed We reade of the Numidians that were so much redoubted of the Romanes that in their warres they would at spurres runne their Horses in middest of their enemies without a bridle to governe
honourable Accord for in such a case I would choose before I came in my enemies Reverence without Armes rather to fight to the last man and if I chanced to be the last I had rather die being resolved with resolution having Armes in my hands than unawares being unprepared to be knockt downe miserably when I looked not for Death Here I did see the Ingenier that built this Fort who in time of working did oftentimes beate the Boores to make them worke for his crueltie he was most cruelly beaten againe and he running to his Majesties feete for refuge thinking thereby to escape was on his knees crying for mercy so hard pursued by the multitude that before his Majestie he was cruelly beaten dead as the reward of his former tyranny and so would God Here also we see that oftentimes the Innocent doth suffer with the Guiltie as hapned to that worthy Cavalier the Count of Mongomrie being cruelly beaten by the rascall multitude which should teach all Cavaliers bearing charge at such times to looke unto themselves in attending their Master or Generall on horse backe when an overcome enemy is marching out of strength or Towne or otherwise they ought to be on the head of their charge attending their duety or if for pleasure they would looke on they ought to be on their Guard lest being taken for private men they might be disgraced receiving a Disaster as this Cavalier did Happy therefore are those who can eschew evill by the example of others Here also we see that the best meanes to suppresse the insolency of the tumultuous multitude is a band of well commanded souldiers with Armes who are ever good servants but more often cruell Masters It is then the duety of a Generall in such cases peremptorily to see that his accord be kept which otherwise being broken causeth much evill and mischiefe to follow His Majesty as he was diligent in the intaking of this Iland so we see him carefull of the keeping of it as his conquest by leaving a Governor with a Garrison in it to be his retreate in case of neede out of Holsten We reade that Guishcardin in his history of the warres of Italy in his first booke accuses under hand the French that did enlarge their territories by Armes and did not maintaine and keepe their conquests but on the contrary did ruine themselves in the end The Emperour Augustus having read the great conquest of Alexander in the East he did wonder that Alexander did not take care to keepe them as he travelled to winne them It is said of Pyrrhus King of Albany that where he once set his foote he was conquerour there But was ever unfortunate in keeping his conquest and therefore the King Antigonus compared him to a gamester at dice that lost his owne in hope of gaine Examples we have of this at home without warres Leonard Darrez in his 3. booke of the warrs of Italy against the Gothes Totilas King of the Gothes being made Conqueror of Rome in his Harrangue made to his army concluded that it was harder to keepe a country conquer'd then to winne it for in conquering oftimes as here the cowardize of the enemies helpes more then our owne valor to maintaine our conquest we had neede of valour and justice That custome of the Turkes is commendable that when he enters into his Chappell the bed man of the Temple going before him cries out aloud that he remember that the Empire attained unto by Armes and justice is to be maintained with the like so mutiny is and should be holden detestable amongst Souldiers and in all well governed estates For the use therefore of my fellow Camarades and for the benefit of my country I will speake somewhat at large of the fury cruelty and barbarity of the multitude mutinous and superstitious that we may avoid the evill incident thereto I will set downe here my collections on this point which occurred in my observation The Philosopher Plato called the wisest and most honourable amongst the Grecians sayes the people are ungratefull cruell barbarous envious impudent being composed of a Masse of fooles naughty deboist and desperate for all that is spoken by the wise displeases the people that are incensed And Baleus writing the lives of the Popes writes of Pope Iohn the twenty third being asked what thing was farthest from truth he answered it was the vulgar opinion for all things they praise merite blame what they thinke is but vanity what they say is but lies they condemne the good and approve the evill and magnifie but infamy And Nicholas Haâ—ap Patriarch of Ierusalem in his booke of the unconstancy of the people hath a whole chapter apart to this purpose and Arrianus in his first booke praiseth much the wisdome of Alexander the great in taking away from the people of Ephesus the meanes to mutine against the chiefe men of the Towne for some of the mutiners being executed Alexander forbids to search or punish the rest knowing that if once the popular could loose the raine there was nothing to follow but mischiefe where the innocent might suffer as well as the guilty as witnesse here the Count of Mongomry that ranne the hazard of death being long bedred after his beating without sense or feeling And Thucydide did in his third booke speaking of those of the Isle of Corsu did feele the evill of a sturdy popular having licence to doe evill how much it was to be doubted in so much that the Massacre being so cruell that there was no villany left unpractised and such strange things he writes of that the Fathers did suffocate their owne children and those that were runne to the Churches for refuge were cruelly put to death who pleases may reade the story where it is set downe more at large As also to reade the late Massacres in France from the yeare 1560 to this present time especially the Massacre of the twenty fourth of August 1572 in the chiefest Cities of the Kingdome continuing without respect of age or of sex as well against the dead as the quicke as saith Lactance in his sixt booke and second chapter humanity was so farre gone from men that to take away the life of their neighbours was but sport being become beasts drunke with custome of bloud not sparing the innocent but doing to all what the hangman doth to malefactors Therefore Quintus Curtius saith properly that the deepe Sea in a tempest hath not more waves then the tumultuous multitude hath changes especially getting liberty by a new government And Titus Livius in his fourth booke of the third Decad saith so is the nature of the people to serve as slaves or strike like Tyrants Reade also Thomas Fasell in his tenth booke of the second Decad of the history of Sicilie a memorable example of sedition moved in Palerne of Sicilie where Iohn Squarelazop was cheife leader amply described in brave termes he having seene the Tragedy himselfe where he complaines
by his Majestie in all haste to ship three Companies and to goe with them for the reliefe of Trailesound I being appointed to stay for the other Companies comming they being come to Alshenure were shipped also and arriving at Copemanhagen it behoved me in all haste to ship and follow the Lievetenant Colonell for reliefe of Trailesound being hard beleager'd where I entred the twenty-eight of May and was no sooner drawne up in the Market place but presently we were sent to watch at Franckendore to relieve the other Division that had watched three dayes and three nights together uncome off that being the weakest part of the whole Towne and the onely poste pursued by the enemy which our Lievetenant Colonell made choice of being the most dangerous for his Countries credit where we watched fortie eight houres together till we were relieved againe by the other Division and so Singulis noctibus per vices during six weekes time that my cloathes came never off except it had beene to change a suite or linnings The fifteenth Observation THis Towne of Trailesound being hard beleager'd by the Emperialists they desired humbly the protection and assistance of his Majestie of Denmarke which was willingly granted unto them having accorded on their Conditions his Majestie made choice of our Regiment to be sent thither having had sufficient proofe of our former service in his Majesties presence and under command of others his Majesties Generalls So that before others we were trusted on this occasion where we did come with a timely reliefe to those Burgers that were wearied and toyled with watching and also hurt by their enemies whom they had beaten from their walles twice before our coming In this accident which hapned in Zeland betwixt the Boores and our Souldiers we may see the Antipathy that is betwixt Souldiers and Boores where the one cannot with patience indure the sight of the other without some present jarre so that it were impossible to make them agree together if Military Discipline were not strictly observed and the transgressours exemplarily punished Here also I cannot omit the over-sight committed by those Belly-gods the CoÌ„missaries that serve the publique State worst yet are oft-times best recompenced whose neglect on this March was the cause of shedding the innocent bloud of the poore Labourers and of the Souldiers also and it was pittie such a King should entertaine so many of this sort of belly-gods that studied nothing so much as to fill their own Coffers and to raise their houses without any care had of the Publique Weale Here also I cannot allow of that vaine custome amongst the Officers that will make a bad choice for a little ostentive credit having the good in their election to make choice of the worst for in occasions against our enemies we should rather take all advantages as of strength of ground of Sunne and winde and shall he not be thought yet unwiser who may be the Instrument to save his people on service that willingly will make choice of a place to lose them No menagrie in my opinion comparable to that which spares the lives of men from losing and I perswade my selfe I need not insist in this reprehension seeing the actor though out of time was sorrowfull enough for his evill choice Here also I did observe that frequent danger doth encourage the feeblest Souldier who by daily dangers and the familiaritie made with death in stepping every day over the bodies of dead men who perhaps never before had seene one die naturally much lesse to see daily and hourely examples of violent death learning wit by by-past losses and experience had in the exercise of our Calling being hardned with toyle and travell Therefore in my judgement no man is more worthy of the name of a Souldier than he that indures best wearisome toyle and travell in this honourable Calling not withdrawing the shoulder but by pushing it forwards couragiously having once begun for though in all affaires of this kinde the beginnings seeme hard and difficult yet soone after we finde it lighter according to the measure of our advancement and reward in the end we enjoy still the greater contentment as became of me the first time my friends led me up a steepe hill when my breath begun to faile me looking behinde and seeing what way I had put by the rest to the top of the hill seemed nothing unto me being so neare the end of my travell but was pleasant rather than tedious And therefore we use to say He that beginneth well hath halfe ended At our entry in this Towne our travell and toyle once begun continued night and day for six weekes till we grew hard with travell yet not hard as many of the Dutch that are hard against the Musket Bullet this proofe we lacked He that shews himselfe honest in his calling and Travells the Travell passeth the honestie remaineth But on the contrary when we have taken delight in evill the delight passeth and the evill remaineth Happie therefore are those who travell in well-doing for when the paines are gone then doe they enjoy the pleasure We reade of Cincinnatus brought from the plough to the Senate to be made Consull for his Travell the like we reade of Quintus taken from his plough to be Consull also a great change No wonder then to take a man from the plough to be a Souldier as the Porter of Fowles called Mac-Weattiche who in this Towne of Trailesound did prove as valiant as a sword fearing nothiâ—g but discredit and the down-looke or frowne of his Officers lest he should offend them The sixteenth Dutie discharged of our Watches and Accidents that occurred in this Towne before the Enemy did storme our Workes THE twenty-eight of May 1628 not without danger both by water and from laâ—d we entred the Towne of Trailesound the Emperiall Armie lying before it having their batteries neere the water at our in-coming they shot our Mast having grounded before our in-coming we ranne the hazard both of drowning and killing but being againe without hurt come off our Camerades wearied of watching immediatly after our entry we relieved the watch at Franckendor being the onely Poast in the Towne most pursued by the enemy The order of our watch was after this manner of the seaven Companies one Company watched still on the Island before the Towne called the Hollomne the other three Companies were ordained by foure a clocke afternoone to parade in the Market place and afterwards to march to their Poâ—st at Franckendor without the walles on scurvie outworkes which were but slightly fortified with a dry Moate the enemy lying strong before us and approaching neare we fearing a sudden on-fall those that were relieved of the watch by five of the clocke were ordained againe to meet by nine of the clocke at night and to watch againe on the by-watch till foure of the clocke in the morning whereof the one halfe were appointed to lie in readinesse at their Armes without
which this day makes our Soveraigne to say Nobis haec invicta miserunt centum septem proavi being left unconquered in his succession of one hundred and seven Kings for what have we to doe with gold or great riches so long as we can command our owne appetites and desires And if we thirst after gold let us valiantly bring it from a farre with credit to inrich our Countrey with and to supply the necessities of our poore at home and then having served long credibly abroad his Majestie our Soveraigne may grant unto us after our dismission from other service the liberties and priviledges which were granted by Charlemaine unto his Souldiers after he had subdued the Saxons and Lumbards which I will wish his Majestie to grant unto us saying Goe your wayes my Souldiers you shall be called valiant companions of Kings and Iudges of the wicked live henceforth free of Travell give good advice to Princes for the Common-weale be protectors of widdowes helps to the fatherlesse waite on great men with your wisdome and desire of them life cloathes and entertainement and he that refuseth you let him be detested and infamous and those that wrong you let them be accused as of treason But take heede yee spoyle not through drunkennesse pleasure or other vices the great honour and priviledge you have attained unto through your just travell in warres for feare that that which we grant unto you for honour may not redound to your dishonour and punishment which we reserve to our selves and to our Successors Romane Kings if by chance you commit any excesse It is a good thing and worth commendations to have defeated Kings assaulted Townes and Provinces Strengths and Castles But it is a thing much more worth commendations to overcome your own passions a marvaile surpassing all marvailes that he who did overcome so many at last overcomes himselfe The first and best of all Victories which cannot be attained unto without contemning of riches To conclude then this observation happie are those Cavaliers that ended their lives in the defence of their Countries credit a brave interchange where worthy Cavaliers in undergoing a temporall death for eternall fame and glory gaine life after death Miserable is the brevite and more miserable the uncertaintie of life Since then we are sure we cannot live long and uncertaine if we live at all being like leaves on trees we are the sport of every puffe that bloweth and with the least guste may be shaken from our life and nutriment we travell we study we fight that labour may pay us the losse of our ill expended time while death whiskes about us with a Pegasean speede flies unawares upon us and with the kicke of his heele or the dash of his foot we are driven downe to dust and lie there Many a stout fellow this night at Trailesound and five weekes before did expire in their oppugnations leaving their breath in the places where they laid their Siege Certainly if we could thinke of lifes casualties we would neither be carelesse nor covetous What availes then a man to exhaust his very vitals for the hoording up of fatall gold not thinking how a haire or a flie may snatch him in a moment from it Why should we then straine our selves for more than is convenient We should never care too much for that we are not sure to keepe yet we should respect somewhat more than for our owne time that we may be beneficiall to posteritie but for mine owne part I will cast this 〈◊〉 life on Gods providence and live here as a Pilgrime of one night not being sure to see the morrow The eighteenth Duty discharged of the second nights storme at Trailesound and of the successe thereof THe Lievetenant Colonell having visited me the next day at my lodging being not able to stirre out of my bed he declared unto me the losse sustained by the Regiment both of Officers and Souldiers and he suspecting the enemy would storme againe at night being battering the walles furiously the whole day having shot at Frankendore neere eight hundred shot he desired to heare my opinion how I would have the Poaste beset at night with the Regiment my advise was to cause beate a bancke by the Drummer Major and the whole Drummers of the Regiment athwart the City commanding upon paine of death that all Officers and Souldiers able to carry Armes under the Regiment should repaire at parad time to the market place there to receive further orders and that at their coming to appoint all the Officers that were not hurt to command the whole Souldiers to be all put under the Colonells company till such time as the Recreuts should come from Scotland and then every man should be suffered to serve againe under their owne companies as before and this order being followed they would be well commanded having sufficient Officers to leade them giving them orders how to behave themselves in case the enemy should storme their workes seeing they were not able to defend them long being weake of forces and the workes almost ruin'd the night before This determined the watch being drawne up they march to the former Poast getting orders from the Lievetenant Colonell if the enemy should presse them hard they should retire themselves orderly to the Ravelin and quit the outer workes seeing that from the Towne wall and Ravelin they were able with Cannon and musket to cleanse out the enemy againe So entring on their watch and the night being come on the enemy furiously did invade them and they defended the workes a long time till in the end being prest hard they retired according to their orders to the Ravelin whereupon the enemy followed them with a shout and a cry as if the Towne had beene wonne which did put the Burgars and the rest of the Souldiers that were on other Poasts in great feare thinking all was past recovery Notwithstanding of this sudden feare our Souldiers valiantly and bravely defended the Ravelin with Pikes and fire-workes the enemy having advanced bravely to the cutting of the Pallessades pressing also to undermine the Ravelin by working under it which our folkes did hinder by countermineing The enemy also had another fortell or advantage by reason of a new worke which was uncomplete betwixt the Ravelin and the outward workes where he did lodge himselfe having the new workes as a Breast-worke to defend him from our shot The night thus past furiously on both sides not without great losse being well fought both of the pursuer and defender in the morning our Souldiers some of them being Armed with Corslets head-peeces with halfe pikes Morgan sternes and swords being led with resolute Officers they fall out Pell mell amongst the enemies and chase them quite out of the workes againe and retiring with credit maintained still the Triangle or Ravelin The enemy considering his losse and how little he had gained the Towne also being not void of feare thinking the third
Here also was killed the valourous Captaine Mac-Donald who in valour succeeded his worthy predecessors for with his owne hands as is credibly reported he killed with his sword five of his enemies before he was kill'd himselfe Divers also of these Officers were hurt as Capt Lundesey of Bainsho who received three dangerous wounds Lievetenant Pringle who was hurt also and divers more they being made to retire their powder being spent to make their retreate good falls up Captaine Mac-Kenyee with the old Scottish blades of our Regiment to suppresse the enemies fury they keeping faces to their enemies while their Camerades were retiring the service went on afresh where Lievetenant Seaton his Company alone led by Lievetenant Lumsdell in absence of their owne Officers being then all under cure there was lost of Seatons Company above thirtie valourous Souldiers and the Lievetenant seeing Colonell Holke retiring desired him to stay a little and to see if the Scots could stand and fight or not The Colonell perceiving him to jeere shooke his head and went away in the end Captaine Mac-Kenyee retired softly from his enemy keeping faces towards them with credit till he was safe within workes And then made ready for his march towards Wolgast to finde his Majestie of Denmarke The nineteenth Observation HEre we see that when his Majestie of Denmarke did quit the protection of Trailesound unto his Majestie of Sweden Sir Alexander Lesly being made Governour following the example of Iustinian the Emperour to put his authoritie in practize He commanded out a partie and was obeyed by those he commanded which should incourage all brave Cavaliers to serve well and faithfully where they serve without spot or blemish that in the end they may expect so great a reward from so great a Master as we see here bestowed for valour and fidelitie upon our Country-man being trusted with such a charge on a frontier Garrison though a stranger before his Majesties owne Country-men where he againe following the example of Alexander the Great who caused a Combat to be fought with one of Darius Captaines before the Armie should fight and his Captaine returning victorious he I say tooke that as a good presage of his future fortune in beating of Darius his Armie Tacitus saith also that the Germanes were wont to fight and try their valour first after this manner by parties for presages of greater service to follow And we finde that the valourous Generall Scanderbegge King of Epirus did fight many Combats himselfe for to give good presages of future victories whose fortune was till his death to be ever victorious The like fortune I heartily wish to this noble and worthy Cavalier happie alreadie and blest in bringing honour to his Country being in all his time beyond apprehension happily excellent To conclude then this observation here we may see the benefit of good order where those that were in great danger are happily preserved by the goodnesse of good order and discipline and by the timely succours of their valourous Camerades taking the enemies blowes and shots in their owne bosomes to rescue their friends from danger to the great prayse of that noble Sparke Captaine Mac-Kenyee being full of worth as the purest orientall Diamond shining amongst the greatest Stones who did scorne to turne face from his enemies but retired orderly offending his enemy in defending his friends till both he and they were returned with credit though with losse for where order is kept as in this retreate was done by that noble Sparke all things flourish and thrive and I wish from my heart he had followed his profession for though he be honourable enough as he is none can blame me for wishing him better he having once commanded me and shall still while I live The twentieth Dutie discharged of the Regiments March to Wolgast and of their Retreate unto Denmarke HIS Majestie of Denmarke having given over the protection of Trailsound unto the King of Sweden immediatly after he did ship some forces of foote and horse in Denmarke which he did land at Wolgast in Pomeren of intention to patronize the Dukedome of Pomeren against the Emperour And being come to Wolgast his Majestie did recall the remainder of our Regiment from Trailesound who were not then foure hundred strong at their out-coming having lost in six weekes neare five hundred good men besides Officers the Regiment led then by Captaine Mac-Kenyee in the absence of his Superiours he continued his March towards Wolgast where they joyned with his Majesties Armie being no sooner arrived they were instantly commanded on service The enemy having falne strong against his Majestie he did plant fourteen pieces of Ordnance and playd on the Kings battell till his Majestie perceiving the danger not being bastant to resist the enemy retired confusedly in great haste to Wolgast and having lost without fighting the greatest part of his Armie our Regiment and the remnant of Spynies Regiment had beene cut off had not Rutmaster Hoome and some of his Camerades of the Rhinegraves Regiment of horse charged the Enemy thrice keeping them up till the most part of his Country-men were retired in safetie and then were made by their enemies to retire at the spurres themselves having endangered their owne safeties for the good of their Camerades His Majestie finding the enemy pressing hard fearing much to be surprized or taken he did give Captaine Mac-Kenyee charge to comand the whole Scots that were there and divers others and to skirmish with the enemy before the Ports till his Majestie were retired and then to make his retreate over the Bridge and to set it on fire which the Captaine did orderly obey doing his Majestie the best service was done him in the whole time of his warres not without great danger of the Captaine and his followers where the Bridge once burning he was then the happiest man that could first be shipped Ensigne Lindesey brother to Bainsho was shot with a Cannon-Bullet in his shoulder and notwithstanding was brought off and miraculously cured The Regiment thus shipped they met with their Colonell being come from Scotland with the Recreut who retired with his Majestie unto Denmarke and were mustered The twentieth Observation IN defence of this Towne of Trailesound our Regiment did lose neare five hundred men and of the remnant escaped both of Officers and Souldiers I doe not thinke one hundred were free of wounds received honourably in defence of the good cause Who will then say but that bloud was better lost than kept when it returnes with advantage having brought credit to themselves and Countrey Let none then mourne for the losse gotten so honourablie Let none then I say bedew their eyes for them we left behinde us seeing the gaine is equall to the losse if not more for them we had we knew were not alwayes to stay yet what we have gained is permanent and eternall those we lost I confesse we loved yet that love ought not to be so violent as to
both in peace and warre for seldome we see any goodnesse in the refusing to obey good orders And we heare ordinarily that one bad voice puts twenty out of tune and that it is the chiefe property of a good Souldier first to learne to obey well in keeping of good order and then doubtlesse in time being advanced he cannot but command well so that here in ordering of this as in all things we see vicissitudes and alterations some Regiments made up and continue in florishing order other Regiments reduced taking an end as occasion and accidents of warre doe happen Spynies Regiment was reduced and my Lord of Rhees Regiment is made up againe Where we see that as vicissitude maintaines the world even so concord is a great meanes of continuance as discord is too often of discontinuance and ruine Likewise we see that no estate is free from mutability and change which is the great Lord of the World who will be adored and followed as soone as order doth faile but where order is kept and concord as in this Regiment change hath no place to ruine though well to alter for order was so kept by this Regiment like to brave Souldiers who in a running skirmish come up discharge fall off flie and yet reinforce themselves againe having kept order in their proceedings which though now she admits of some change being reinforced againe and joyned together with the chaine of love and respect she admits of no confusion or ruine but is ready againe with her brave Souldiers being reinforced in a strong body to make head unto their enemies one day to be revenged of their former losses as God willing shall be cleered in the sequell of my discharge of dueties and observations of this new reformed body of the old Regiment My cozen Lievetenant Andrew Monro being killed in combat I have more then reason to condemne and disallow of that miserable sort of fight where oftimes the victorious puts himselfe in a worse case both of soule and body than he that is killed Yet this kinde of fighting hand to hand called Monomachia hath bin much practised both amongst Pagans and Christians even amongst all Nations as it is yet Of old it did serve for proofe of things hidden being in one rancke with the burning iron and scalding water to the end men might discerne the innocent from the guilty this kinde of violence of proofe was so common that Fronton King of Denmark made a law as reports the Saxon history that all differences whatsoever should be decided by the combat and Leoden reports that yet to this day they observe the same in Muscove But wise men finding this custome deceivable in deciding the truth and so uncertaine that many times the innocent doth succumbe and therefore it was forbidden by the civill and canon law as is evident by severall ancient constitutions inserted in the Decretalls Notwithstanding whereof amongst the Romans it became so common as to be thought but a sport which made the name of fighters esteemed of amongst the Romans as we reade in the Cod. Titulo de gladiatoribus and therefore this custome being displeasing unto the Emperour Instinian he commanded all should be subject unto the Iudge and said that valour without justice was not to be allowed of This combat betwixt those two was well fought of both in presence of many witnesses where it was thought that the Dutch-man was hard so that a sword could neither pierce him nor cut him This fashion of fighting is so common that we neede not illustrate it by examples of Histories either ancient or moderne but who so would satisfie their curiosity in this point let them but reade Preasack his Cleander 2 story well worth the reading And truely dayly experience teacheth us as in this accident that the end of combats doth shew often that he who appeales often times doth receive the reward of his temerite which might be cleâ—red by many examples amongst the ancients We have one very notable written by Quintus Curtius where Dioxippus the Athenian that brave fighter being all naked and smered over with oyle as the fashion was then with a hat of flowers on his head carrying about his left Arme a red sleeve and in the right hand a great batton of hard greene timber durst enter in combat against Horrat Macedonian carrying on his left Arme a bucler of brasse and a short pike in the right hand a jacdart-staffe as we terme it or something like it and a sword by his side at their approaching Dioxippus with a nimble slight and a pâ—etty cunning shift of his body eschewed the stabbe or thrust of the staffe and before the Macedonian could have wielded the Pike the other doth breake it in two with his cudgell and quickly closing with his adversary gives him such a knocke on the shinnes that he fell to the ground his heeles above his head tooke his sword from him and would have kill'd him with his batton had not the King saved him Thus much of combats which for my part though I cannot allow of neverthelesse I should be loath to refuse to fight in a just quarrell but would rather referre the successe to God to determine of then to let that be called in question which is dearest unto me The twenty-second Dutie discharged being the last under his Maiesties service of Denmarke of our expedition by water unto Holsten HIs Majesty being resolved in Aprill 1629 with his sword in his hand to conclude a settled and a sure peace with the Emperour or otherwise to free Holsten and Yewtland from the tyranny of the Emperiall Army and to that effect his Majesty did gather his forces together to a head in Denmark where they were to be shipp't for landing at Angle in Holsten so that orders were given to me his Majesty having provided shipping to transport our Regiment from all quarters and to meete at Angle Before our parting Captaine Forbesse of Tullough and Captaine Andrew Stewarts Companies were put on warre ships to lie before Wismar I having shipped with the rest of the Regiment we sailed unto Holâ—ten and landed at Angle where the Regiment being come together we were one thousand foure hundred strong besides Officers and having lyen at Angle till the peace was concluded his Majesty did thanke off or dismisse his Army save a few number that was kept a moneth longer till the enemy had marched out of the country we being discharged of service and having gotten our honourable passes we were directed by his Majesty to the Rex-marshall toward Fuâ—eland with orders from his Majesty that he should reckon with us and give us contentment accordingly The reckoning made we were forced to accept of two parts and to discharge the whole having made no reckoning but for us who were present leaving our Colonell being absent to make his owne reckoning thereafter with his Majesty Likewise his Majesty did give orders to the Rex-marshall to provide shipping and victuall for
our Officers and Souldiers to transport them for their country which accordingly was obeyed As also his Majesty did give orders to ordaine us both Officers and Souldiers free quarters in Alzenheur till the shipps were ready to saile So that we being free from our honourable Master his service we were ready to imbrace new conditions from a new Master The twenty-second and last Observation on our Danes service HEre concluding our Danes service we see that the end of warres is peace and that the end of this peace was the beginning of greater warre under a new Master Happy therefore is that man or that Regiment that can say while as they are thanked off we have served truely and with credit our last Master and then they may be assured of a second Master having wonne a good name as this Regiment did under his Majesty of Denmarke in whom the least omission could never be found much lesse to have committed any grosse errour worthy imputation And therefore we were Graciously dismissed and honestly rewarded according to the time Captaine Andrew Stewart brother to the noble and worthy Earle of Traquaire being soliciting businesse at Copmanhagen contracted a feaver and died there being in his Camerades absence honourably buried by the Stathoulders direction whose death as untimely was much regrated by all his Camerades he being a valorous and expert Commander Likewise Iohn Hampeseede an old true servant to my cozen the Barron of Fowles he dying of a feaver at Angle leager was honourably buried there This Danes warre thus ended was the beginning of a greater warre as is said for the Emperour in Summer 1629. The Danes peace being made in August 1629 did send assistance of men unto the Pole against his Majesty of Sweden under the command of the Felt-marshall Arnhem which the next summer did bring the sword of the Sweden against himselfe So that we see there is nothing here on earth to be expected by us more then a continuall warfare Lord therefore make us dayly to warre in that spirituall warfare serving truely the King of Kings and Lord of hosts fighting that good fight against our spirituall enemies where he that overcomes receives for a reward instead of worldly glory an immortall Crowne of Glory in the Heavens The Colonells Observation of the Kingdome of Denmarke HAving had the honour to have dined with his Majesty at his Table then in the gorgeous pleasant Palace of Freddesborree taking leave of his Majesty having kissed his hand I retired to Alzenheur where I began to thinke that this King could have said of his whole Kingdome as Scipio said you see not a man amongst all those but if I command him he will from a Turret throw himselfe into the Sea even so this Magnanimous King to my knowledge was of absolute authority in his Kingdome as all Christian Kings ought to be in theirs ever obeyed in the Lord without asking the head a reason Why doe you command us thus For we reade that the favour of the Lord was in Iuda in giving them one heart in doing and obeying the commandements of the King and of their Magistrates and Principalls as I did cleerely observe in this Kingdome of Denmarke the goodnesse of government for the florishing of the Kingdome wher 's Totus orbis componebatur ad exemplum Regis He commanding they obeyed both lived in prosperity the Ruler or King Heroick wise noble magnanimous and worthy The Gentry Citizens and Communalty obedient which made their joy and felicity to continue in despite of their mighty foes and that by reason of his Majesties Government in military discipline who doth entertaine a great number of Officers yeerely having good allowance for commanding of Souldiers trained up in peace against warre such as Colonells Lievetenant-Colonells Majors Captaines and other inferiour Officers which are still entertained at the countries charge in exercising of Souldiers for his Majesties emploiment being alike ever ready in all Provinces for peace or warre Would to God we were so well provided in our owne country at home and then we needed not to feare any forraine enemy that are enemies to God to our King and to our Religion And for the better maintaining of warre no Kingdome or King I know is better provided of a Magazin then this magnanimous King for Armes brasse ordnance whereof every yeere his Majesty doth cast above a hundred peeces being sufficiently provided of Amunition and of all sorts of fiery Engines to be used by Sea or Land together with Armour sufficient for to arme a great Armie of Horse His Majestie is also sufficiently well provided of shipping and yearely doth adde to the number which ships are built by two worthy Scottish-men called Mr. Balsoure and Mr. Sinclaire being both well accounted off by his Majestie who in like manner hath a Reprobane at Copmanhagen for making of Cords and Cables for his shipping and Kingdome where I was informed that in twenty foure houres time they were able to furnish the greatest ship the King had of Cables and of all other tackling and cordage necessary to set out the Ship Likewise by his Majesties Artizens within the Kingdome all sort of stuffes and silkes are woven sufficient to serve the Kingdome and his neighbours that please to buy Moreover this Kingdome is worthy commendation for the order of Iustice and Lawes having their Law-books deciding all controversies amongst them and if it come to any great difference the Kings Majestie as being above the Law sits in judgement as the Interpreter and Director of Iustice and according to his Princely dignity mitigates as pleaseth his Majestie the law and decides the controversie This Kingdome also is praise-worthy for the purity of their Gentry being as ancient and noble as any other Kingdome and can bragge of a purer and cleerer bloud of Gentility then many Nations can for they never ally or enter into marriage with any inferiour to themselves be they never so rich if they be Burgars or Plebeians they never marry with them and if one of their daughters will through love miscarry in her affection to marry a Citizen they will not thereafter doe so much as to honour her with their company but on the contrary shee loseth both her portion and honour not suffering her to carry the armes of her familie Moreover this Nation is praise-worthy for their entertaining of learning and of the liberall Sciences professed in their owne Vniversities where their children are well taught and trained up after a noble and heroick manner within their owne Kingdome not onely in their Studies of the liberall Sciences but also in their exercise of body as fencing dancing singing playing of Instruments and riding of horses and what else are noble Recreations as learning of forraine languages Spanish Italian French Dutch and such like and afterwards their youth being well travell'd returning from their Travells they attend on the Chancellarie as under-Secretaries to States-men to enable them to be profitable
with my Folks to beset it being sent for in the night to breake up and to march thither in all haste I had command to speake with Kniphowsen in my going for recâ—iving further Orders The Companies marched by I following my Orders desired to know what the Generall Major had to command me who gave me Orders in writing I should march thither and in case the enemy should pursue me I should fight to the last man and not to give over the Castle though I should be forced to quit the Towne Receiving Orders for some Ammunition I tooke leave of Kniphowsen and continued my march to Shevelbean then layd almost waste with Pestilence the Inhabitants being fled away I had slight quarters for my Soldiers which being quartered having visited the Towne and Castle I appointed the manner of our Watch and did beset the Poâ—stes from our Guards which were kept both in the Towne and on the Castle and then I sent Orders to the Boores of the Graveshaft to come in the next day with Spades Shovels and Axes for to repaire the workes that were almost ruined being a scurvie hole for any honest Cavalier to maintaine his credit by Before my comming two Troopes of Bawtees Horsemen viz. Major Roustene and Long-fretts were quattered there who getting intelligence the Army was to march upon me being Horsemen quit the Garrison to our selves and took them to the Fields to joyne with their Colonels Regiment being neere hand so that our Quarters thus enlarged we were glad to be rid of their trouble as they were to eschew the Enemies comming serving better in the Fields then they could doe within Walles The Horsemen gone I was evill sped for being put on such a place with such orders appointed to fight to the last man where no Cavalier with credit could hold out twenty foure houres being pursued by an Army except the Lord extraordinarily would shew mercy Neverthelesse getting three dayes longer continuation before the enemies comming we did worke all of us night and day till we had Stacketed the Wall about the height of a man above the Parapet having made a breast-worke of earth within the Walles round about with Traverses within for cleering out the Enemy if he had entered at a breach our Work ended and our Ports Ranforced with Earth to resist the force of Pittards we see in the afternoone the Enemies squadrons of Foot and Horse about eight thousand strong marching unto us having Artillery conforme we finding them marching within reach I caused to salute them with two small shot wherewith a Rut-master and a Lievtenant of horse were killed which made the rest march out of diâ—â—ance The Army drawne up in Battell without reach of our Canon they sent a Trumpeter summoning us to a treatie he was answered we had no such Orders but we had Powder and Ball at their service Whereupon they commanded a Captaine with a hundred and fiftie musketiers towards the Porte directing proportionally to the rest of the Portes our souldiers in the beginning before the Portes killed of them above thirtie souldiers and two Livetenants I not being able to maintaine the Towne retired with my folke on the Castle I being retired the Burgers made up set open the Portes to the enemie giving him entrance who did bring in his whole Artillerie and Amunition to the market place and then sent to mee a Drummer to see if I would render up the Castle upon good conditions then they were in my power but if not I should have no quarters afterwards They got their first Answer againe and then the service beginnes anew on both sides and they begunne before night to plant their Batteries within fourtie pace of our walles which I thought too neere but the night drawing on wee resolved with fire workes to cause them remove their quarters and their Artillerie Having thrown some fiery Granades on the houses and seeing they wrought no effect I hired a stout souldier with a Pike to reach a firye Ball I had made upon the top of the next house that lay to the Castle which in the end was fired so that the whole street did burne right alongst betwixt us and the enemy who was then forced to retire both his Cannon and souldiers and not without great losse done unto him by our souldiers by meanes of the fire-light where other two Officers and eighteene of their souldiers were killed The day cleering up I fell out after with fourescore Musketiers and tooke thirteene Crabbats prisoners The Army leaving us for that time they marched forwards for the releefe of Colberg and I retired to the towne to comfort the Burgers for their losse sustained by the fire caused through necessitie having no other meanes to escape our enemies fury I being retired to the Castle and the enemy marching to Colberg having made up eighteene Dragoniers to march after the enemy for bringing me intelligence if his Majesties forces from Statin were come betwixt the enemie and Colberg my party retiring shewes that the field Marshall Gustave Horne and Colonell Mackey that coÌ„manded the coÌ„manded musketiers were joyned with Kniphousen Bawtish and Sir Iohn Hepburne and were lying over-night before a passage betwixt the enemy and Colberg The next morning being darke till nine aclock with a thick mist the horsemen charging one another they came in confusion on both sides being affrighted alike retired from each others with the losse of fourescore men on both sides The particulars whereof I will not set downe having not seene the service though I was within hearing of their Cannon and Muskets both Two horsemen of Bawtish Regiment that had charged through the enemy came and reported to me openly in presence of many souldiers that the Swedens were all beaten I being offended at the manner of their report I caused to imprison both the horsemen till I knew greater certainty and calling my souldiers together I was prepared for the enemies returne But he passing by a mile from us I sent Dragoniers to cut off his passage giving them charge to cut off the Bridges but his Dragoniers being there before mine to be quit of their ill my Dragoniers returned againe in safetie allowing passage to their enemies within few dayes after having escaped this inconvenience I was recalled from thence by his Majesties order to joyne with the Felt-marshall Horne then at Griffinberg with a party of the Armie where before my departing I took an Attestation from the Amptman of the Castle of the good order and Discipline that was kept by vs there And being glad I was rid with credit of such a place I marched to Griffenberg to finde the Felt-Marshall The second Observation THe fore-sight of a wise Commander availes much in preventing the intentions of our Enemies First in besetting the passages through which he might come upon us which doth hinder his march in giving us the longer time to bee prepared for his comming Next the farther our wings are spred without us
and dangers and as Cornelius Tacitus reports one husband married but one wife being but one body and one life And Theogene the wife of Agathocles said she was companion of his troubles and adversity as she was of his prosperity and being in love my selfe with the vertue of such women rare to be found I will yet enrich this observation with a notable example that happened in the yeare 1466. betwixt Bonne Lumbard or Greeson and Peter Brunore of Parme as the Italian story records which I here represent in favour of vertuous women to incourage that sex more and more to the like vertue being so pleasant where ever it is found to be seene Bonne borne in the Woalkie of Talhine in the country of Greeson in which place Peter Brunore Parmesan one day walking alone a brave Cavalier and a Knight well experimented in warres leading his Army in passing by he sees this young Damsell feeding her sheepe in the fields being little of stature of browne colour not pleasant or faire to see to but very merry playing then with her fellowes wherein she shewed a câ—rtaine quicknesse of spirit that the Knight Brunore looking on her attentively observing all her gestures and hoping of some great good of her caused to take her and leade her away with him against her will that in time being accustomed with him he made her divers times change clothes and clad her at last like a boy by way of pleasure and recreation of spirit leading her oft a hunting and using her to ride and spurre horses and other exercises wherein shee shewed her quicknesse and dexterity and though the Cavalier did keepe her but for pleasure recreation and pastime neverthelesse she did set her selfe to serve him with a love and diligence incredible in such sort that willingly she could endure all manner of labour trouble or toyle of body or of minde that Brunore could not undergoe and went ever with him as with her Master in all his journies assisting him in all dangers following him on foote and on horsebacke through dales and mountaines by water and by land with an intire and faithfull obedience without over-leaving of him or without grudging in any sort she went also with him towards Alphonse King of Naples for at that time this Cavalier and Knight Peter Brunore did serve under Francis Sforce which party he after quit but having afterwards changed his minde he resolved to quit Alphonse King of Naples and to retire to serve his former Master the Count of Sforce and while as he was making preparation for his flight the businesse not being so privily carried but that the King perceiving it secretly caused to apprehend Brunore and cast him into prison where he was kept long without hope of reliefe Wherefore Bonne being restlesse till she should see the day when the Knight Brunore were at liberty she went to all the Princes and Potentates of Italy and to the King of France to Philip Duke of Burgoigne to the Venetians and to many more of whom she attained letters in favour of her deare and well beloved master so that Alphonse wonne by such requests and the intreaty of so great men was as it were constrained to set Brunore at liberty and gave him unto that valorous warrier that did for him who having gotten him loose to doe yet greater service to her Master did obtaine so much by her meanes at the Venetians hands that they accepted of Brunore unto their service and was made Leader to the Army of so great a Republique and there was a great pension ordained for his entertainment by which deeds of friendship the Knight did know the faith the vertue and the valour of his Bonne he esteemed it not honest to keepe her longer as a servant as he had done till then but married her keeping her as his lawfull wife making still great esteeme and account of her following her counsell in all his affaires of weight and importance during which time he attained unto great reputation under the Venetians his enterprizes still coming fortunatly and happily to passe This valiant Dame of his was still sâ—ene in Armes when occasion was offered to fight and when it was needefull to leade the Infantry going before she appeared like a Magnanimous Leader and warriour being very capable in warlike matters whereof she gave divers times good proofe especially with the Venetians against Francis Sforce at that time Duke of Millaine where she made her selfe knowne while as the Castle of Panon besides Bresse was lost her courage did appeare so great that every one did wonder at it for being armed from head to foote shewing her selfe more couragiously then any other at the storme the Targe on her arme and the Cutlesse in her hand she was the meanes the place was recovered At last the Venetians having great confidence in Brunore and in the counsell and valour of Bonne his Lady he was sent for the defence and keeping of Negrepont against the Turkes where by the Fortifications they two made while they remained there the Turkes had never the courage to hurt or impeach them in end Brunore dying and buried with great respect and honour Bonne his Lady returning towards the Venetians for to get her husbands pension confirmed to two of her sonnes and falling sicke caused to make a Tombe of great charges which she desired to be perfected before her death and being dead she was buried there in the yeare 1468. Therefore it was well said that there were three things seemed pleasant in Gods sight the love betwixt brethren the friendship betwixt neighbours and man and wife continuing in union and mutuall loyalty Who likes to reade a pleasant story to this purpose let him read Nauclerus treaty of the Emperour Conrade the third in his warres against Guelly Duke of Baviere who was forced for his safety to retire within Rhinesberg where the Towne being taken by accord by the perswasion of Ladies he would grant no other condition but that the women should transport themselves out of the Towne in safety with so much as they could carry and no more where one taking the Duke on her backe the rest of the wives their husbands the accord thus kept and the Emperour Conrade moved to compassion beholding their love and vertue pardoned the Duke and restored the Towne to their former liberties And Bodin in the preface of his history reports that Laurence de Medices was healed of a grievous disease by reading of this story without any other helpe I wish it may worke the same effect upon all those that made it especially the Female sex in making them follow the vertuous examples of these noble Ladies in loving their husbands beyond all other things whatsoever and those that will not be moved thereto I wish them the death of that Roman Lady reported of by Quintus Curtius and Titus Livius called Publia Cornetia Annea who lived twenty yeares without once offending of her husband and seeing
on shoulder to shoulder Colonell Lumsdell and I fortunately without hurt enter the Port where at our entry some I know received their rest and the enemy forced to retire in confusion being astonished at our entry they had neither wit nor courage as to let downe the Portcullis of the great Port behinde them so that we entering the streets at their heeles we made a stand till the body of our Pikes were drawne up orderly and flaâ—cked with Musketiers and then wee advanced our Pikes charged and our Musketiers giving fire on the flancks till the enemy was put in disorder After us entred Generall Banier with a fresh body of Musketiers he following the enemy in one street and Lumsdell and I in another having rancountred the enemy againe they being well beaten our Officers tooke nine Colours of theirs which were to be presented to his Majestie and the most part of the Souldiers were cut off in revenge of their crueltie used at New Brandenburg but some of their Officers got quarters such as they had given to ours This Regiment defeated wee directed an Officer with a strong partie to possesse the bridge and that to hinder their escape their passage being cut off they were also cut downe themselves till the streets were full of dead bodies and that the most part of our Souldiers and Officers disbanded to make bootie leaving me and a few number of honest Souldiers to guard my Colours which disorder I confesse stood not in my power to remedie Thus farre for Lumsdells part and mine which I dare maintaine to be truth And as I have spoken truth of our owne Actions without ostentation which no man can controlle that is friend to vertue I will now relate other mens Actions so farre as I know to be truth by relation of my honest Camerades Lievetenant Colonell Musten being appointed to command the Musketiers of Lumsdells Regiment and of my Colonells then under my command he seeing us entred did follow after us and commanded those he led on execution apart giving no better Quaâ—ters than we did The Dutch also remembring the enemies crueltie used at Brandenburg they gave but slight Quarters Major Iohn Sinclaire as I was credibly informed being accompanied with Lievenant George Heatly being both resolute and stout were the first that came over the walles with ladders who at their first entry having but a few Musketiers with them they were charged on the streets by the enemiâ—s Curassiers or best horsemen where they were forced to stand close their backs to the wall where they entred and to give severall Salves of Muskets upon the enemy till they were made to retire Likewise after we were entred the yellow and the blew Briggads being esteemed of all the Army both resolute and couragious in all their exploits they were to enter on the Irish quarter where they were twice with great losse furiously beaten off and were cruelly spoyled with fire-workes throwne by the Irish amongst them But at last they having entred noâ—withstanding the inequality of their strength the Irish though weake stood to it and fought with sword and pikes within workes a long time till the most part of the Souldiers fell to ground where â—hey stoode fighting so that in the end Lievetenant Colonell Walter Butler who commanded the Irish being shot in the arme and pierced with a pike through the thigh was taken prisoner so that the next day it was to be seene on the poast where the best service was done and truely had all the rest stood so well to it as the Irish did we had returned with great losse and without victory The fury past the whole streete being full of Coaches and rusty waggons richly furnished withall sorts of riches as Plate Iewells Gold Money Clothes Mulets and horses for saddle coach and waggons whereof all men that were carelâ—sse of their dueties were too carefull in making of booâ—y that I did never see Officers lesse obeyed and respected than here for a time till the hight of the market was past and well I know some Regiments had not one man with their Colours till the fury was past and some Colours were lost the whole night till they were restored the next day such disorder was amongst us all occasioned through covetousnesse the roote of all evill and dishonesty At last the execution past his Majesty entred himselfe being guarded with the Rhine-Grave and his horsemâ—n who immediatly were commanded to crosse the bridge and to follow the enemy at their heeles being on slight towards Glogoe where the Felt-marshall Tuffenbacke the Count of Schonberg and Mounte De Cuculé had retired with such as escaped His Majesty having but scarce quartered in the Towne the fire beginning to burne the City accidentally Orders were given with stroake of Drume with a Bancke beaten in all streetes that all Officers and Souldiers under paine of death should repaire presently to their Colours on the other side of the Oder in the outer workes where Sr. Iohn Hepburne was ordained to command within the workes except such as were appointed to guard the Poâ—â—es of the Towne his Majesties quarter and the Generalls lodging on the market place where a strong guard was kept to suppresse plundering and the insolency of Souldiers Neverthelesse these orders proclaimed and published many disobeyed remaining in the Towne for plundering In this conflict the enemy lost neere three thousand men besides the Officers that were killed viz. foure Colonells Herbenstine Heydo Walestine and Ioure and above thirty six Officers were killed Likewise there were taken prisoners Colonell Sparre with five Lievetenant Colonell of Dutch and one Irish Cavalier that behaved himselfe both honourably and well Colours also they did lose as I did see the next day made Counte of before Generall Bannier forty one and Cornets of horse nine On our side were lost also at least eight hundred men whereof the blew and yellow for their parts lost five hundred His Majesty also did get here a great deale of provision for the Army as Corne Amunition and eighteene peeces of Ordinance The next day his Majesty appointed Generall Major Lesly as Governor over the Towne giving him orders to repaire the ruinous workes and walles as also orders were given for burying of the dead which were not buried fully in six dayes in th' end they were cast by heapes in great ditches above a hundred in every Grave The next day we were ordained to assemble our Regiments and to bring them together in Armes that they might be provided of what they wanted of Armes having lost many in their disorder The eighth Observation HIS Majesty going to rancounter his enemy before his rising from his Royall Leager at Swede did wisely dispose of his Army in making it into Briggads that coming unto the action he should not neede to thinke on the Theorie when it were time to practise as many young Commanders are forced to doe beginning to learne of others that which is defective in themselves
Discourse having wondered at their carriage that had such externall showes with so few inward giftes of the minde The night thus past the day peeping every one that missed a loving friend or a Camerade went neere to the ground on which they sundered making diligent search to finde them either dead or alive sundries of both were found the dead were put under ground being honourably buried like souldiers that had given their lives for the weale of the publique the wounded were convoyed unto Dorpes where Chirurgians were appointed to attend their cure By nine of the Clocke the Armie was drawne up in Battaile where the difference was great betwixt our show then and the sight of the day before His Majestie having overviewed the Armie he tooke the most part of the Horsemen with him and commanded to march towards Leipsigh with the rest of the Armie to be rested there till further Orders and His Majestie with the Horsemen advanced after the enemie prosecuting the victorie in taking Order with those they had left behind for making their Retreate sure whereof there were left at Leipsigh three thousand men whom His Majestie in his by-going gave Orders to pursue and advanced to a Castle called Morshberg where there were a great many of the enemie who rendred themselves and tooke service Our March continuing to Leipsigh at our comming there we found a well provided Leaguer for our hungrie stomackes of all sort of good victuals where about the Leaguer there were feeding Kine Sheepe Calves Geese Hennes they left also Corne in abundance and flower in readinesse which was the more acceptable being found at hand without travelling for it and to avoide strife and disorder before we entered the Leaguer it was divided proportionally amongst the Regiments as we would part quarters where no man was suffered to take any thing out of an others quarter but it behoved him to be content with his lot whither good or bad so that being quartered they were happie to their meate having come as they say to a peeld egge where we laie two nights refreshing our selves till our bagage was come after us from Diâ—en during which time the Saxons were comming together their feare being past at Leipsigh where Felt Marshall Harnam was appointed with the Dukes forces to take in both the Towne and Castle which immediatly were given over on accord The seventeenth Observation HEre we found the Proverbe verified that they never had an evill day who got a merry night after and the long expectation of this our happinesse made our joye the more welcome for wee helped with great labour toyle and travell to have brought this dayes worke to a good end we rejoyced that the labour and danger being vanished the good of it remained with us and though our Commons were but short our mirth was never the lesse for we ought not to care how laborious or painefull our actions are if the fruite be honest and good for though the paines be first tedious yet betime they will yeeld content What matter is it then of our toyle and travell or what care should we take of trouble or danger so our joyes may be enlarged Iob was not so miserable in his affliction as he was happy in his patience Which should teach all men of our Profession to beare their disturbances and troubles patiently that in end they may come to their wished for credit and honour For he is not worthy the sweete that cannot suffer the sower neither is he worthy to be made participant of such mirth as we enjoyed this night that ranne away in time of danger Here also we see that it is the dutie of the longest livers to see to the honour and credit of their dead friends in taking care of their burialls as the last dutie as also to shew their compassion to their hurt Camerades alive who perhaps received their wounds in rescuing of others whose skinnes were kept sound though theirs torne Here also we see that death is fatall unto all both to feeble and couragious but a glorious death is onely proper unto the valiant who oftest doth eschew death when the fearefull perisheth in an instant and therefore it is that the valiant man doth choose rather to die honourabâ—y than to live in ignominy as the feeble doth but these died here valiantly the brightnesse of their Actions done in their life time remaines firme in the minds of men unto all ages And to their posterities in writing never suffering their memories to rotte with the time whose burialls though meane on this place of Battaile yet they are commemorations of their vertuous lives to posteritie whose killing was no punishment say the world what they list but rather the beginning of their glory And therefore how ever a man dies he dies well that dies in Christ ending his dayes with honour At this dayes service I was rich in friends that helped to the obtaining of this victory with credit but soone after we found the fruits of mortalitie death having seased more on our kindred than on any other Family of our Nation that were employed in this warre and the unthankfulnesse of those we served hath beene such that those who suffered most were least rewarded as we may justly say having lost our Master and King who did see our actions and had rewarded them had he lived And though I will not vaunt neither of my friends nor of our travells none can blame me to say as the Puppie said wee Dogges kill'd the Hare since we were with the rest at Leipsigh the center of Germanie which was and is and shall be â—edes Belli till the cause be wonne and those we fought for be restored and then I would bee content to lay up my sworde and live a retired life serving God and the Publique at home as we did abroade The eighteenth Duty discharged of the intaking of Hall and of the Castle and of our March from Leipsigh to Hall HIS Majesty having left Felt-marshall Harnam with the Dukes forces to accord with Leipsigh and the Castle the eleventh of September we continued our march towards Hall and coming at the appointed Randezvouz we halted in the fields where we were to quarter over night his Majesty accompanied with a great and honourable traine of Cavaliers lighted from his horse on the head of our Briggad the Officers whereof coming together about his Majesty in a Ring his Majesty made a speech in commendation of the Briggad thanking them for their good service and exhorting them for the continuance thereof promising as he was a Royall King he would not forget to reward them and turning him towards the supreme Officers they in all humility did kisse his Majesties hand in confirmation of their loyalty in time to come the whole inferiour Officers and Souldiers cried aloud they hoped to doe his Majesty better service then ever they had done His Majesty taking horse againe with his Royall traine he directed Generall Bannier to goe and
his Officers on Hasford and Swineford These newes coming unto his Majesty he prepared for a march unto Franconia bringing the rest of his Majesties forces together that were with the Felt-marshall and he did send unto During to the Duke of Wymar and to Generall Banier to bring their forces together to meete betwixt Nurenberg and Donavert to search out Generall Tilly and about the middest of March 1632. we brake up from Mentz having left the Rex-chancellor Oxensterne and Duke Bernard of Wymar with eight thousand men in the Paltz to attend the Spaniards further intentions on the Rhine The twenty-sixth Observation THE Catholique League seeing the Spaniard terrified in the Paltz and almost beaten away they begun being members of that head to quake and tremble for feare of the Swedens neighbourhood and therefore the Bishops of Mentz Triere Cullen Wurtzburg and of Bambrick presently resolved out of their policy to treat for a neutrality pressing so farre as lay in them to bring the King of France and his Majesty of Sweden to pull at each others beards alleadging the Swedens intentions were only to subvert the Catholique Religion and the professours of Popery as he had already as they alleadged persecuted and banished the Churchmen out of Erford Wurtzburg Francford Hickst and out of all other parts where they were whereupon his Majesty of France notwithstanding of his confederacy with the King of Sweden was commoved at his crossing the Rhine fearing he might bring the Catholique League on his side and then turnâ— his Armes against France which suspitions wrought an Ambassage from his Majesty of France towards his Majesty of Sweden for treaty of neutrality betwixt the King of Sweden and the Catholique League which in th' end turned to nothing Where we see that all Potentates and great Kings doe keepe no Confederacy nor League but only so farre as they are helpfull for their owne aimes and designes preferring their benefit before the keeping of their covenants where we see that Kings hand-writings or seales in pactions making tye them no more then as nothing when they finde them prejudiciall to their owne greatnesse and cannot be made to keepe their covenants but with stronger power Then we see here his Majesty of Sweden was nothing moved with the King of France his threatning except he would retire over the Rhine againe seeing he knew his owne ability at that time that being once over the Rhine he could march unto France The consideration whereof made them agree better on secondary conditions having past from the first covenant so that we see there is no dealing with Kings but on equall termes and then are they most reasonable but the example of Kings in this point of their covenants is not to be imitated by any other inferiours for in respect of them though not in respect of God they are privileged persons who cannot be punished for their faults but by God alone And therefore amongst inferiours nothing is to be kept more strict next unto faith unviolated then mens word and promise especially promises betwixt old friends But alas no friendship is permanent seeing many things come betwixt turning it unto hatred and hostility for where love doth not grow the friendship is not durable Likewise here we see his Majesty of France made haste to interpose his request for the weale of the Catholique League shewing himselfe discontented with their usage to make them the more ready to thinke on him before they should any wayes leane in their necessity to the King of Sweden As also we see the policy of the League though in their necessity they seemed to make use of the King of France his friendship yet they would not cast off the house of Austria and King of Spaine their ould friends for the hope they had in their new friend the King of France lest their new friend might disappoint them of their expectations as he did in th' end missing his owne aimes We see also here the Frenches policy in making haste to intercede for the Leagueistes lest the danger might come on himselfe for the King of France hâ—aring the King of Sweden had crossed the Rhine he did not stay to bring his Army together till the League should call for his helpe lest it should be too late but incontinent brought his Army to the Mosell and then sent his Ambassador to Mentâ— to his Majesty of Sweden to treat having his Army at hand which was the only sure way then to get the better conditions knowing the King of Sweden had already too many Irons in the fire Those we see are the best friends that in necessity keepe their paction as the Catholique League did at all times unto the Emperour who otherwise had bin no Emperour neither yet had he bin Emperour had the Evangelists kept together and hazarded their meanes and bloud in defence of the publique cause as the Catholiques did in their greatest necessity once every yeere setting up ever new Armies as one was beaten unto them their wisdome and constancy were so great that presently the next Spring through their power and diligence they had ever another new Army afoote which in th' end made their enemies the Evangelists weary sparing their meanes they suffered in a manner the cause and the publique to be neere lost being since beaten by their owne Armes and meanes seeing they neglected time while as they might employ their meanes to the finall overthrow of their enemies and yet to my knowledge in Germany if they would conjoyne their strengths together constantly against the Papists they are powerfull enough to free all Germany of Popery banishing them over the Alpes from whence they came And I perswade my selfe none that knowes Germany but in his conscience he must confesse this to be truth But when our fellowes in friendship faile us as the Evangelists one after another for a skurvy losse quit the Crowne of Sweden the great Duke of Saxon having left them first breaking his oath and promise in prejudice of the publique peace excluding the Protestants impiously for his owne aimes he did prejudice the Gospell his country and confederates and by his evill example for plaine necessity while a storme should blow over the townes of the upper Circles of the Empire as Strasburg Vlme Nurenberg Francford did accept of an unsetled peace contrary to their mindes in prejudice of the publique losing themselves and the publique for the losse of one day being without their head which first brought them together Here then we see the great difference of friendship in prosperity and in adversity for his Majesty of Sweden being at Francford as a victorious King he had then in his prosperity the conflux of friendship some seeking his protection others his friendship and confederacy others for feare of the dint of his Armes seeking to be Neutrall who before were enemies other Kings and Potentats Republiques and Cities sending their Ambassadours congratulating his successe yea and which was
his Hoste the Rhinegraves folke being betimes acquainted of their coming and to their helpe having got a supply timely sent unto them by his Excellence the Rex-chancellour the enemy was so welcomed by them that he was put in confusion and then chased so hard that there were a hundred and twenty killed unto him many taken prisoners and seven Standards of theirs were taken as Trophees of the Rhine-graves victory over them In revenge whereof shortly after the Grave â—oâ— Ridbâ—rg with a strong party of horse and fooâ—e did fall upon that part of the Paltz called Hâ—ndsrucke betwixt the Mosell and the Noe and coming on Spier where the Swedens Colonell called Hornegt without any resistance gave over Spier notwithstanding of a succourse was sent unto him from Mentz that 〈◊〉 at â—ad whereupon the Colonell was afterwards brought prisoner to Mentz to be adjudged there for his evill carriage The Spaniard taking out of Spier Cannon Amunition and Armes with all that could be found together with a great deale of mony exacted from the Burgers he had also an intention on Wormes but in vaine being strongly beset with the Swedens forces so that the Spaniards at this time as many times before were forced to quit the Paltz and to draw backe againe into Holland and the States Army being come to lie before Mastricht were forced to breake up from Spier with their Army and whole baggage and Cannon The Swedens getting notice of their upbreaking desirous to convey them the Rex-chancellor and Palsgrave Christian breakes up from Mentz towards Altson and the next day they came to Belohin two miles from the part the Spaniard had broken up from and following them hard till they got fight of the Spanish Army which the Spaniard perceiving directs his baggage before and drew up in battaile on a plaine neere a wood where incontinent they were brought in disordeâ— by the Swedens that they were forced with the losse of three Cornets and some fooâ—â— to retire into the wood and finding the whole Swedens Army following up they resolved with one consent by flying to save themselves were their best and taking the night to their helpe they marched so hard as they could But yet the Swedens continued their march after them till the Spaniard coming to a passe in the hills threw off the bridges behinde them Neverthelesse the Swedens repaired the bridges and followed hard after and by Laâ—tericke came in sight of them againe that neither day nor night were they suffered to rest so that the Spaniard was forced to burne some of his baggage on his march and some he left to the Swedens that they might the lighter they were come the easter off in the end a part of them by Lanterick was attrapped by the Rhine-graves Horsmen where some were cut downe and their baggage taken The Spaniard thus in great feare and confounded by the hastinesse of his march and the Swedens wearied with long following were content at last the Spaniards should goe their way with so little reputation out of the Paltz at their last good night having lost above two thousand men and their whole Baggage By this time also the Boores in Schwaâ—laâ—d againe began to be tumultuous and unquiet so that by Kempten they drew together very strong of full intention to chase the Swedens out of their lands But this uproare continued but short for when the Swedens Forces drew out of the Garrisons they killed the most part and drove the rest unto woods to seeke their food with the Swine in burning a number of their Dorpes to give them worke to thinke on against the winter to build new houses or to dwell in woods but repenting their Rebellion they turned their Armes against their owne Masters that moved them to rise against the Swedens and cutting off a number of them they possessed their houses turning good Swedens againe being beaten with the rod of Correction in their bodies and meanes By this time Duke Barnard of Wymar with his Troopes did cut off above five hundred men of Leopoldus folke by Fussen on the Leacke where he caused to demolish sundry Skonces made up by the Country-Boores in time of their uproare and divers of their skinnes were pierced by Musket and Pistoll till they were taught to be more sober and quiet on their owne charges and after this uproare was setled the Leopoldish Boores againe out of Tyroll recollected stronger Forces and marched towards the Leacke againe on Fussen and Lansberg both strong passes and got them in yet in the end all turned to a slight conclusion for Duke Barnard of Wymar againe having come upon them with his Forces First he tooke in Lansberg and then on the sixteenth of Iuly he cut off two Companies of Leopoldish Dragoniers and a Troope of Horsemen by a Towne called Rosshaupten where few or none did escape and in the end marching on Fussen having stormed the Towne they cut off above three hundred of the Garrison and tooke prisoners eleven hundred with their Officers and a number of the Country Gentlemen that were Papists and sought to save themselves in that strength were deceived their Colours being taken from them and above a thousand of their Souldiers were forced to take service By this time also a little Flecke Freidberg in Schwabland neere to Ausburg treacherously having called some Crabbats of the enemies to their assistance they murthered all the Swedens safeguards that lay thereabout whereupon the Swedens Forces to be revenged on them did fall upon the Flecke or little Towne and killed all the male-kinde they could finde and taking their wives and children out of the Towne to the fields they set the Towne on fire so that there is no memory left of this Towne for their perfidiousnesse to those they got to save them from the injuries of others I hope the Reader will excuse this extravagancie of discourse seeing all this time we lay idle at Nurenberg being sometimes without imployment in our calling I thought better to collect at this time somewhat of the actions of others than to be altogether idle Therefore I crave pardon againe to tell as yet somewhat that happened about this time in the neather Saxon Creitzis which I set downe in paper as his Majestie was informed of it we being then at Nurenberg without hostile employment By this time the Earle of Papenhaim a worthy brave fellow though he was our enemy his valour and resolution I esteemed so much of that it doth me good to call his vertuous actions somewhat to memory and the successe he had at this time in warlike and martiall exployts in the neather Saxon Creitzis First then he had not onely offended the Hessen and Lunenburg but also by skirmish he made them feele the dint of the valour which accompanied him unto his death and as they felt his skill in the fields by fighting disbanded in skirmish so also they were made to understand his experience in beleaguering of Townes
good fortune that formerly they attained unto For nothing is lesse to be allowed of in a Commander then bouldnesse without reason though sometimes things happen to succeed well being pregnable for such daring men as the King of Sweden and Papenhaim was being both truely couragious Neverthelesse this daring is not to be made a custome of so being oftimes the example is as faulty as the deede in an Army This Papenhaim in his attempts so farre as I could learne was unblameable in his carriage as a Leader except at Mastreicht where he was blamed for too much forwardnesse with disadvantage having lost more men then the attempt proved credible As this valiant Cavalier strived to doe notable service unto the Emperour even so Felt-marshall Gustavus Horne being a valiant Cavalier without either gall or bitternesse as they say but on the contrary he was wise valiant sober modest vigilant and diligent striving in all his actions to please God and his Master the King of Sweden And as Papenhaim was thought bould and heady in his resolutions The other Gustavus Horne was remisse in advising but very resolute and couragious in the execution partes most worthy praise in a Commander being Subalterne to anothers command as he was unto his Majesty of Sweden who could never enterprize of himselfe more thâ—n was allowed unto him by his instructions had in writing so as he attempted nothing rashly he feared no danger once being entred and he was so meeke in his command that with love he obliged the Cavaliers that followed him to obedience more then another could doe by austerity being the best meanes to conquer with and the safest way to maintaine reputation and credit Thus beloved of all men he was very wise and silent keeping a Decâ—rum in his actions and gestures being to my judgment powerfull to command himselfe as he did command others Here also we have occasion to praise the wise and valorous conduct of the Felt-marshall Arnheim in Silesia where he obtained great victory over his enemies being indued with a singular gift befitting a great Commander in giving every man that was under his command his due meanes allowed to him by his Superiour a rare quality in a great Commander being one of the speciall points that is powerfull to oblige the love of Officers and Souldiers unto their Superiours making them refuse nothing against their enemies they are commanded unto in the greatest extremity Souldiers can feare no danger being well paied by their Superiours This vertue Iustitia Distributiva includes many other vertues under it proper to a great Commander as his actions in Silesia doe witnesse having obtained severall victories there over the Emperialists As for the vices of men of this quality making profession of Armes being my Superiours duty will not permit me to speake but reverently of them And therefore what faults they have as none lives without some they shall be better divulged by some other tongue then mine Nam quod tibi fieri non vis alteri nefeceris The thirty-fifth Duty discharged of the Accidents that occurred at Nurenberg before the succourse was come HAving lyen long still as in a sleepe without feare of our enemies being within a fast Leaguer in th' end his Majesty begun to stirre first causing parties to present themselves before Walestines Leaguer as if they went to borrow a Beare or rather to provoke their enemy to try their valour but the Emperialists having no great desire to fight but attempted only in the night to fall over the Pegnets giving us Alarums to little purpose being soone repulsed finding us alwayes ready on our Guards attending their nightly comming our outward watches being a mile from us so farre as Furt on the side of the River having also Perdues a foote without the Leaguer our Centries on the walles at Batteries Colours and Corp-du-guards so that it was hard to surprize us But the greatest hurt they did us was by their Crabbats while as our servants and horses went forth to forrage for in one day for my part I lost three of my servants and five of my best horses But in th' end our forrage grew so scarce that many did quit their horses for want of entertainment Neverthelesse twice every weeke strong parties of horse with strong Convoyes of Musketiers were sent forth to bring in forrage where it was my fortune to have bin oft commanded with the foote little skirmishes we had without great hurt being alwayes in hope of reliefe in neede Neverthelesse whatsoever streete we went out on their Garrisons were still ready to snap some or other amongst us on our wings and then away they went unto their Strengths sometimes they came from Forchem sometimes from Buche and sometimes from Rottenburg so that alwayes some Devilish Garrison or other snatched at us aside though they durst not draw neere our bodies neither could the enemy know on what quarter we went forth on and if they knew sure that quarter we went out on was beset by Ambuscades of our people to attend them in case they should fall in betwixt us On the twenty-eight of Iuly his Majestie had commanded out Colonell Dowbattle with some Troopes of Horse and some Dragoniers towards Furstat in the upper Paltz which lay but two miles from Newmarck where the Emperiall Army had their Magazin-house for their Victualls and Amunition which was beset with five hundred Souldiers Dowbattle the thirtieth of Iuly coming before it ere it was day he divided incontinent his folkes in two Deales putting the one halfe to the over doore or Port and the other halfe to the other Port the over Port made up with a Pittard the Swedens entring they gave fire and at their entry they killed the Lievetenant Colonell Revenheller being one of their owne thinking he was an enemy being shot in the shoulder he died shortly after at Nurenberg All the Emperiall Garrison was almost cut off the Proviant waggons were plundered and the Towne was burnt having brought foure hundred Oxen that were both great and fat unto Nurenberg His Majestie immediatly after Colonell Dowbattle was marched followed with a partie of a thousand Musketiers and some eight hundred Horse towards Bergthaâ—e on the Dorpes thinking if the enemy got intelligence of Dowbattles march they would set after him And therefore to make his Retreate good his Majestie went towards Bosâ—owre At the same time Generall Major Sparre with eight hundred horse twenty Cornets of Crabats and five hundred Musketiers commanded by Lievetenant Colonell Gordon and Major Lesly which partie of the enemy had an enterprise on Lawffe to take it in for hindring us from Forrage having no doore open to goe out on but that onely and having met with his Majestie in the fields his Majestie most Heroickly charged them and killed many with the first charge Generall Major Sparre kept himselfe by Colleredo his Horsemen and the foote were commanded by Gordon and Lesly two Scots Cavaliers who then serving the Emperour did
themselves which made his Majesty contrary to his custome ingage his Army and once being ingaged upon slight intelligence the reliefes went on so fast the service being so hot for a time that it was long before the losse was perceived where it is to be pittied that the errour and fault of another should be made to posterity as his Majesties over-sight by those that know no better for though a King leading an Army had Argos eyes yet it is impossible he should looke unto all things himselfe The fault of one here we see with the losse of many was irrecoverable and he that before this day was the terrour of the Empire by his former successe being deceived with false intelligence is thought to have overseene himselfe the errour of another being imputed unto his Majesty in losing so many brave fellowes which shou'd teach others to be the more circumspect in recognoscing before they should ingage men in bringing them upon the shamble bankes Here also we see that his Majesty was was ever enâ—my to idlenesse for he had no sooner brought off his Army from pursuing his enemies but incontinent he sets them againe to worke for their owne safeties and that within reach of his enemies Cannon to the end it might not be said but he attended their out-comming lest his Army might be discouraged at a present Retreate after such a great losse for if the service had continued the whole Armie had beene indangered yet a valourous Captaine as our Leader was as he feares nothing entering on service so he ought to set light by nothing he sees tending to his prejudice but ought timely to retire with as little losse as he may for it were a grosse errour to despise our enemies through too much confidence in our selves for some times by despising our enemies as here we make them the more valiant and if they be ambitious the more respect we give them the lesse we neede to feare them And it is necessarie when an Armie doth get a clappe as we did here then incontinent and with all diligence we should presse to trie our enemie againe wheresoever we can have any advantage lest our enemy might judge us altogether to have yeelded and given over which were very dangerous The bouldnesse of one bould fellow at first being a Leader may ingage a whole Armie for want of judgement as was done here going before this hill of Nurenberg where as many were brought in danger as did tread in the first Leaders paths through lacke of judgement having beene all of them more heady than wise yet to dare being annexed unto vertue is the beginning of victory neverthelesse a hasty man in an Armie without judgement and discretion is to be disallowed of aswell as a coward On my Poste under the Hill after I was shot a sudden feare came amongst the Souldiers some thirtie horse having suddenly come through the wood as if they had beene chased the most part both Officers and Souldiers ranne away leaving mee with a few number on the Poste so that if the enemie had fallen out I could not have escaped from being kill'd or taken but as soone as they perceived that I with the Souldiers remained by me had unhorsed and taken some of the horsemen who were found to bee friends they being ashamed of their miscarriage retired having accidentally rencountred with Hepburs Captaine Lievetenant who brought them up againe whom I threatned to shew his Majestie of their behaviours neverthelesse being loath to incurre the hatred of a brave Nation for the misbehaviour of some unworthy fellowes their blemishes I pressed to cover notwithstanding afterwards some of the Officers amongst themselves came to a publique hearing having blamed one another till the question and disgrace was taken away by shewing their particular courage in fighting one against another whereof I kept my self free suffering them to deale amongst them being Country-men This kinde of Panicke feare without cause doth betray many brave men and divers good enterprizes And therfore all good Commanders ought most carefully to looke unto it to avoyde the inconveniences incident unto the like while as they leade either partie or Armie Wee once marching through a woode towards Franckfurt on the Oder the white Regiment marching in the Van having a naturall foole that marched alwayes before them going within a bush throwing off his clothes returning naked and crying he had seene the enemie the whole Souldiers of that Briggad throwing downe their Armes they ranne backe on the next Briggad being Swedens and they running also away till they were holden up with pikes by our Briggad being the third who having stood and asked the reason of their running away in end being found a false and a foolish Alarum the poore foole was pittifully cut and carved by the Officers for the Souldiers phantasticke feare being a poore revenge for their cowardize so that we see by the example of the third Briggad that the best remedie against such Panicke feares is not to feare at all and none should leade Armies but those that are both wise and stout The thirty-seventh Duty discharged of our up-breaking from Nurenberg towards Newstat AFTER this last dayes service his Majestie having intrenched his Armie before the Emperiall Leaguer and finding them unwilling to hazard the Combate as also the scarcitie of victuals growing so great on both sides his Majestie resolved to beset Nurenberg with foure Regiments Fowles his Regiment being one Generall Major Kâ—iphowsen had the Command over the Swedens and Generall Major Salammers-dorfâ—e had Command over the Burgers and the Rex-chancellor Oxesterne was appointed by his Majestie to have the direction of all His Majestie leaving Nurenberg in this manner in the night he sent away his great Cannon with a Convoy towards Newstat and before day the whole Drummes had orders to beate first afore troope gathering and then a march so that we were in readinesse standing in Battaile before the enemies Leaguer by day where we stood till mid-day and then the whole Armie was commanded to make a quarter Toure to the right hand making our front before to be our left Flancke whereon our Coulours and small Ordinance did march and our right wing being our Van we marched off in view of the enemie Duke Bernard of Wymare with a thousand horse and five hundred musketiers commanded by my Lievenant Colonell Iohn Sinclaire who was appointed to march in the Reare for making our Retreate good which in a manner was needlesse seeing our enemie lacked courage to follow us but suffered us to depart in peace At night we drew up in Battaile a mile from the enemies Leaguer where we incamped setting forth strong watches of horse and musketiers on the passes betwixt us and the enemie and our Reare-Guarde betwixt us and them and our owne Guardes without our Briggads so having quietly past over the night the next morning we marched to Newstad being the fifteenth of September where we resolved to stay a few
inward gifts of the minde for if thou desirest to be a Souldier of Christ thou must be adorned with all vertues that inwardly thou mayest be such as outwardly thou doest appeare unto the world Thou must then learne to mortifie those vices to which thou art most subject taking accompt of thy selfe how thou hast resisted vice and what good thou hast done and say then when thou findest thou hast done nothing that is good Lord make us every day to renounce sinne and resist vice that our love and zeale to thee may be inflamed to well-doing even in the greatest extremity of adversity II. When thou seest the Kings Majesty thy Master or his Generall coming to looke on the battaile when all Front towards the King with due respect and reverence thinke then againe with thy selfe and say as for me it is good to draw neere unto thee O Lord for thou art my King and my God thee alone will I worship and love make me happy in thy love and for thy sake I will despise all things for thou art the strength of my head and my portion for ever for through hope we attaine unto thee by Faith III. When thou seest thy Camerads knitting all things about them handsome and fast before they march say thou then knit mine heart unto thee O Lord that I may feare thy name for he that loveth not thee must quake and feare and it is a fearefull thing to fall into thy hands for thy coming unto Iudgment is terrible thy roaring is like a Lyon and thy Sword a consuming fire no place can hide man from thy presence thou seest the heart and the Reines no secret is hid from thee and who can escape thy vengeance None except they repent Lord therefore save me from that bitter death and give me grace to repent that I may bewaile my misery before I depart IIII. When thou art entred in the troublesome way of thy march and sufferest toyle travell heate cold hunger thirst nakednesse perill being called to labour and to suffer and not to live in pleasure and idlenesse say then my sorrow O Lord is ever before me for in me dwelleth no good I offend day by day and which is worse I cannot repent sinne increaseth and the Fountaine of grace is stopped and I finde no comfort Say then againe O Lord spurre me and whip me with thy Rod before I perish and reserve not thy punishment lest at last I shall be made to pay the uttermost farthing Lord therefore create a new heart within me that I may prepare a habitation for thee to rest in a cleere conscience O Lord for thy Sonne Christs sake suffer me not to goe away empty for with thee is mercy and great redemption therefore I will be comforted whilst thou givest me time to amend my life V. When thou seest thy Camerads for love of credit and the favour of their Officers making no difference betwixt faire and foule way but with patience induring all toile to come to the end of their march thinke then with thy selfe that after this manner of old the servants of Christ for the favour and love of God and of his glory did serve the Lord in hunger and thirst in cold in nakednesse in watching and fasting in prayers in meditations in manifould persecutions and troubles contemning all pleasurs for Christ they sought the glory of God more then their owne fame Lord therefore make us contemne and slight all things for the love of Christ altering from vice to vertue mortifying our lusts that we may become Souldiers of Christ loving nothing so much as God and the salvation of our soule VI. When thou seest thy Camerade fix in his Armes and well exercised with Pike Musket and Sword then thinke with thy selfe that thy duty is to trust in the Lord and to doe good that thou mayest dwell in the land and beâ—â—ed â—ssrâ—dly thy delight must be in the law of the Lord and thou must be exercised therein day and night that thou mayest be full of hope and strength remembring thy end ever redeeming the time takeing heede of small sinnes that by time thou maist avoide the greatest and if thou shalt behave thy selfe godly in the day thou mayst be assured to be merry at night VII When thou hearest the Alarum given going to thine Armes thinke then with thy selfe that it is more then time to abandon the universall world and to imbrace God and say as for me it is good to draw neere to God and to put my trust in him that I may declare all his Workes For whom have I in heaven but him and on earth I desire none but him he will guide me by his counsell and afterwards receive me unto glory VIII When thou seest thy Camerade making ready and fix against his enemies girding his loynes that he may fight the more valiantly then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy duty to put on the spirituall Armour and to gird thy loynes against Satan the world and the flesh that thou mayst fight the spirituall combat bridling thy riotous appetite bringing under the flesh despising the worlds glory be at no time altogether idle but ever doing somewhat for the publique welfare discharging the duties of thy calling beseeching God for Christ thy Captaines sake to pronounce thee happy in the day of thy appearance IX When thou seest thy Camerade appointed to watch over himselfe and others lest he be circumvented by his enemies lost and utterly ruin'd then thinke with thy selfe that thy duty is to watch over thy selfe diligently lest the wrath of thine enemies seaze upon thee by Gods permission for thy punishment crushing thee to peeces and consider with thy selfe that as it is fearefull to fall into the hands of thine enemies so it is more fearefull to fall into the hands of the living Lord. Stand then in awe to offend him that infinitely loves thee let thy chiefest care be then to please God and to forsake unrighteousnesse that leadeth unto death and then surely thou mayst rejoyce though in trembling being merry in the Lord. X. When thou seest thy Camerades invironed with enemies and preparing themselves for Battaile then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy dutie also to arme thy selfe against thy spirituall enemies craving God his assistance that he leave thee not nor suffer thee to be tempted above thy strength and if thou fightest valiantly unto the end thou art happie being promised for thy reward the Ioyes of Heaven For the Spirit saith to him that overcommeth I will give to â—ate of the tree of life XI When thou seest thy Camerades give eare to the words of Command hearkning unto their Captaines instructions obeying the tucke of Drumme or sound of Trumpet then thinke with thy selfe that it is thy dutie to hearken unto Gods Word receiving comfort from the mouth of his servants for blessed are the eares that heare when the Lord whispereth and blessed are those who prepare themselves for the