Selected quad for the lemma: earth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
earth_n	north_n	pole_n	south_n	3,753	5	10.5697	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12830	A geographicall and anthologicall description of all the empires and kingdomes, both of continent and ilands in this terrestriall globe Relating their scituations, manners, customes, prouinces, and gouernements.	Stafford, Robert, 1588-1618.	1607 (1607)	STC 23135; ESTC S117770	38,734	82

GEOGRAPHIA 1 GEographie is an Imitation of the picture Definition of the whole earth with those thinges which are annexed therevnto Ptolm Lib. 1. Cap. 1. Therefore it comprehendeth vnder it Chorographie the description of a Region Hydrographie the discription of waters Topographie the description of a place and the like 2 The Subiect of Geographie is this Terrestriall Subiect Globe composed of earth and water so far forth as the parts of it haue a diuerse scituation as well in respect of the heauens as one towards another Maginus pag. 3. 3 Concerning the Terrestriall Globe in respect of the Heauens two things are dilligently to be obserued Longitude and Latitude of places 4 The Longitude of a place is a distance intercepted betweene the first Meridian which passeth Longitude through the Canarie Ilands and the Meridian of the place which Longitude is alwayes to be measured from West vnto East in the degrees of the Aequator The reason is because all Meridiās cut the Aequator 5 The Latitude of a place is a distance intercepted Latitude betweene the Aequator and any place North or South from it which to finde out turne the place in the Globe vntill it come directly vnder the brazen Meridian then numbring in the brazen Meridian how many degrees be betwixt the Aequator and the place it shewes the Latitude directly Therefore the Longitude and Latitude beeing knowne of a place it is easie to finde it in any globe and on the contrarie if you see the place first in the globe by turning it vnder the brazen meridian both the Longitude and Latitude is knowne 6 Concerning the Terrestriall Globe in regard of his partes one vnto the other it is diuided into Sea and Land 7 The Sea or Ocean is a huge water compassing about this whole Vniuerse whose partes passing by Sea many particular places are called by sundrie particular names as Mare Britanicum à Britania Mare Mediterraneum quia mediūinter duas terras africae Europae Mare Atlanticum of the great moūtain Atlas 8 In the Sea are to bee considered three things Creekes Straights and Hauens 9 A Creeke is a place where the Sea doth runne Sinus any where into the bosome of the earth And such are Sinus Arabicus or the redde Sea Sinus Persicus or Mare Balserum Sinus Adriaticus or the Gulfe of Venice 10 Fretum is a narrowe straight or Arme of the Sea passing betwixt two Lands so called a Fremitu Fretum Whereof the chiefe are Fretum Gaditaneum or the straights of Gibraltar Fretum Magellanicum or the straights of Magellane Fretum Nassouicum or the North Straights 11 A Hauen is a litle Creeke or entrance into the Portes maine Ocean where shippes are alwayes rested and harbored 12 The Earth as may be seene in all Geographicall Earth Maps and tables is described and paynted forth with huge Mountaines great Woods faire Riuers and many famous Cities the circuit of it is 21600. miles and as some write if a footman had a path-way round about the World hee might goe it in 900. dayes Magiuus 13 In the Earth are to be considered obserued two things the Ilands and the Continent 14 An Iland quasi eye of land is compast round Iland about with the Sea as Britania Hybernia Sardinia c Of the Latins it is called Insula quasi in Salo. 15 A Continent is a great quantitie of land not diuided Continent by waters where many Kingdomes and Empires are lincked and ioyned together As Spaine France Germany c. 16 In both Ilands and Continent three things are to be noted Istmus Peninsula Promontorium 17 An Istmus or Chersonesus is a narrow or straight Istmus land between two Seas Of which the most famous are Istmus Corinthiacus and Istmus Cymbricus both in Europe 18 Peninsula quasi pene Insula is a part of the continent euery where inuironed with the Sea vnlesse Peninsula it be where it is tyed vnto the firme land with a little Istmus The most farre fam'de of which are whole Africa Scandia Taurica Chersonesus Pelloponesus or Morea and Peruana in America 19 A Promontorie is a high Mountaine which Promōtory bendeth it selfe into the Sea the extreame or end of which is called a Cape Of which the most known are the Cape of good Hope in Africa the Cape of Saint Vincent in Portugall the Cape Comari in Asia and the Cape de la Victoria in America CHAP. II. Of the vnknowne parts of the Earth 1 HEtherto haue I set downe the generall affections of the Terrestriall globe Now therefore will I descend vnto particulars and onely particularly speake of the earth because Hydrographie doth rather belong vnto the art of Nauigation 2 The partes of the Earth are either vnknowne or knowne 3 The vnknowne partes which lye in obscuritie are eyther in the North vnder the Articke Pole or in the South vnder the Antarticke Pole 4 The vnknowne Land which lyeth vnder the Artick Pole is separated euery where as it is thought from the other partes of the World with the North Sea which breaking in by 19. Inletts 4. Staights is supped vp ingulft into the bowells of the earth vnder the blacke Rocke which lyeth directly vnder the Pole being in compasse 33. Leucars Iames Cnoyen in the booke of his trauells maketh mention of a certaine Priest of Noruegia which had by tradition from a Frier of Oxford that by the help of his magicke and taking the fittest opportunitie of time hee vndertooke to trauell into those parts and was directly vnder the Pole where he descryed all these things Mercator 5 Not far distant from the blacke Rocke are scituated foure Ilands of reasonable bignesse the Sea running betweene euerie one of them and making them equall in quantitie one vnto the other In one of the which Ilands beeing opposite vnto Biarmia are found Pigmies or little men not aboue 4. foote in height Magin 6 The vnknowne Land which lyeth vnder the Antarticke Pole is thought to be greater then all the earth besides 7 In it are descried some fewe Prouinces as Nona Guynea Terra del Fuego Psittacorum Regio Lucach Reach and Maletur All which together are called Magelane Of these Countryes nothing can be certainely spoken only that in the land del Fuego there is much smoke in Psittacorum regione there are great Parrets in Beach Golde in Maletur Spices 8 The Inhabitants of these Regions which haue bene seene beeing very fewe goe naked and are most barbarous people Mercator CHAP. III. Of the knowne parts of the Earth THe vnknowne parts of the World haue beene obscurely spoken of Now followeth the description of the knowne parts which are soure in number Europe Asia Africa and America OF EVROPE 1 EVrope called by Plinie the fairest of all other Nations is on the South separated from Africa Boundes with the Straights of Gibraltar and the Mediterr anean Sea on the West

Riuers of these Prouinces are three the first of which is Rhene mentioned before in Riuers Germanie the next it Schald which washeth the bancks of Antwerpe the last is Meuse vpon whose shore is scituated Luicke 20 This Country famous for wars is in part gouerned Gouernmēt by manie whom they call States of the lowe Countries But the Arche-duke of Austria wageth warre continuallie with them to bring it vnder his Dominion claiming and laying Title vnto it OF DENMARKE DEnmarke is enuironed round with the maine Ocean Limites vnlesse it be on the South where it is ioyned vnto Germanie 2 This Kingdome doth abound in goodly Horses Qualitie and in such store of cattell that there are yearely carried into Germanie 50000. Oxen. There is also such infinite abundance of herring neare vnto the I le Scania that the ships are scarce able by maine strength of Owers to rowe out of the Harbour the fish lying so thicke that their quantitie is supposed to surpasse the water it selfe Ortel Inhabitāts 3 The Inhabitāts of this country are very valiāt both at land and Sea in their Religion they are all Lutherans 4 The Prouinces of this Kingdome are almost all Prouinces Ilands amōg which the chiefe are first Sealand in which is Coppenhagen the chiefe seate of the King and an Vniuersitie in it is also Roschilt where the Kings are still intoombed The second is Loilant in which there growe so many Hazell-nuts that shippes are loaded there with them The third is Fimera in which Ticho Brahe built a Castle by Arte to the wonder of euery body that hath euer seene it In the Continent are containd two other Prouinces Iugtland and Holsten in which is Meldrope the inhabitants of which are so riche that they couer their houses with copper Magin 5 In this Countrie is also a straight Sea passing betweene some of the Ilands called the Sound which by Sound reason of the Imposts and Customs of the Ships which passe that way yeeldeth great gaine and profite vnto the King 6 The Gouernment of this Kingdome is vnder one Gouernmēt sole Prince who is called the King of Denmarke OF ITALIE ITalie called by Merula a Terrestriall Paradice The Boundes Phoenix of this Massie round the earths riche Ornament the Garden of the Muses is garded on the East with the Adriaticke Seas on the South with Mare Mediterraneum on the West with the Terrhene or Ocean and on the North with the Alpes which separateth it from Germanie it is like vnto a mans legge reaching in length from Augusta Pretoria vnto Otranto which is 1010. miles and is in breadth in the brodest place 420. miles 2 To set downe the fruitfulnes of this riche Region it may be as well declared in a line as in a leafe for there Qualitie is of all things such plentie as there is not of any thing any scarcitie 3 The people of this Nation are verie graue frugall wittie excelling both in vertue and vices which are in Inhabitants lust monstrous in hate implacable in their conuersation most deceitfull which had rather bestowe any thing vpon others then vpon themselues do more oftener blaspheme then sweare And will rather kill a man then giue him a disgracefull tearme or word 4 This Kingdome is diuided into many Prouinces whereof the chiefe and most famous are fiue Prouinces 5 The first is the Kingdome of Naples which is greater then any of the rest full of Nobilitie and abounding Naples with all things necessary for mans vse The chiefe citie of it is Naples lying vpon the Terrhenean Sea 6 The second is the Romane Territorie a Prouince richly furnished with all prouisions in which is scituated Roma the Cittie of Rome once called the Empresse of the world as well for the beautie and Magnificence of the Citie as for the Learning and fortitude of the Citizens but now it is much ruinated true Religion and vertue cleane decayed The Gouernour of it beeing the Pope that proud prelate persecutor of all true pietie and zealous professours 7 The third Prouince is Lumbardie comprehending Lumbardie vnder it is the Dukedom of Millaine which doth excell for beautie all the rest hauing in it many faire Riuers pleasant Lakes the chiefe Citie of which is Millaine whose buildings are to be admired for their extraordinarie sumptuousnes In this Prouince is also the great Lake de Como which is 60. miles in lēgth vpon whose bankes stands the citie Como in fashion like vnto a Crab whose two feete couet the water In this Citie the two Plinies had their beginning whose Fame by reason of their great learning shall neuer haue ending Ortelius 8 The fourth Prouince is Tuscanie little inferior vnto Tuscanie the rest in any thing the chiefe Citie of which is Florence whose inhabitants since the time of Macheuill which was their Recorder are most politicke and subtill amounting vnto the number of 80. thousand persons 9 The fift and last is the Signorie of Venice a free Venice State and the most famous of any in Christendome gouerned by a Prince of great Maiestie yet both hee and his authorite subiected vnto the Lawes This Citie with the Apendices vnto it is the richest best prouided with munition of any Citie in Italie as is confest in this particular cēsure of each Prouince before spoken that Naples excells for Nobilite Rome for Clergie Millaine for beautie Florence for policie but Venice for riches 10 There is is another prouince somewhat famous called Verona in which is the mountaine Baldo where all professors of Phisicke doe resort to gather diuerse sortes of pretious Hearbes And in which there is a citie called Negarino wherin is a stone in forme like vnto a womans dugge which doth continually distill a water whose vertuous operation causeth a womans Milke to returne into her brests when she hath lost it 11 The chiefest riuers of these prouinces are first Padus neer vnto which stands Patauine that noble Vniuersitie Riuers the next is Athesis adioyning vnto which is Trent where a Councell was helde vnder Paul the third in the yeare 1546. the next is Tiber that runneth through the Citie of Rome which when it doth ouerflowe the banks doth betoken some ill fortune which shall befall the Citie the last is the riuer Poe neere vnto which stands Cremona a Citie of great note 12 In this Italie which was in time past one intier Gouernement Gouernment are nowe many absolute States and Princedomes by the great Pollicie of the Pope who thought it the best way to make himselfe great by weakening the Empire OF ILLIRIA ILliria is limited on the West with the Adriaticke Sea on the North with the riuer Sauus on the East with Limits the riuer Drinus No certaine limits can be giuen of this countrie For all Geographers that write doe disagree about it 2 The people of this land as

they pisse they doe it with bended knees Magi. 3 There are comprehended vnder this vaste gouernment such an infinit companie of people and so well ordered broght vp that one noteth these three things of them which breed a terror vnto the whole world The first is their multitudes of men vnconquerable the next their Millitarie discipline vncorrupted the last Corne and prouision for store infinite 4 The Prouinces or rather Kingdomes of this great Prouinces Empire are diuided into two parts Into Dacia vetus vnder which is comprehended Bosnia Seruia Bulgaria Valachia and Moldauia and into Grecia contained in which are Epirus Macedonia Thracia Achaia and Peloponesus 5 In Dacia vetus little is extraordinarie notable and Dacia therefore I omit the description 6 Grecia is limited on the West with the Adriaticke Grecia Sea on the South with the Mediterranean on the East with the Archipelago and Thracian Sea 7 The Inhabitants of it are now very base altogether Inhabitanit ignorant of artes liuing and going in their apparell after the Turkish manner 8 The Prouinces as are before set down are first Epirus Epirus in which Scanderbege liued made famous by his worthy acts hee being called the scourge of the Turkes 9 The next is Macedonia for euer famosed by the Macedonia means of him neuer to be forgotten Alexander the great who raigned there being conquerour of the world In this Prouince is Stagira the countrie of Aristotle and Olympus that high topt Mountaine aspiring aboue the middle region of the aire 10 The next is Romania or Thracia a verie barren Thracia place in which stands the great Cittie of Constantinople wherein the Turke doth alwayes keepe his Court this Citie is very populous containing in it as some write 700000. soules 11 The fourth prouince is Achaia famous for the Achaia most learned Vniuersitie which was in it called Athens once the nurse of all the wittie and best Poets the Mother and bringer vp of all eloquent and heart-winning Rhetoricians and in generall it was the very heart and soule of humane Artes and learning In this Prouince is also Pernassus and Hellicon consecrated to the Muses by all ancient Poets 12 The fist and last is Peloponesus or Morea in whose Peloponesus Istmus or entrance stands that once goodly city Corinth which many bookes doe much mention Further in the prouince stands Lacedemon not inferior vnto any of the rest in antiquitie 13 This Grecia as is before saide is vnder the Turke Gouernment who for money suffers all religions there OF TRANSILVANIA TRansiluania so called by reason of the great Woods Limits which compasse it is limited on the west with Hungarie and part of the Riuer Tibiscus on the North with Poland and the great mountaine Carpothus on the East with Moldauia on the South with Valachia Cisalpina 2 The fruitfulnes of this kingdome is very much hauing Qualitie horses whose manes sweepe the earth Falchons two of which will kill an Eagle or Swanne There is also great store of Mines and in some riuers are found lumps of Gold which weigh a pound weight 3 The Inhabitants of this country are very stubborn slothfull and vntractable following the religion of the Inhabitants Greek church reading from the right hand vnto the left and swearing alwayes by Iupiter and Venus according vnto the olde manner of the Ethnicks 4 The chiefe citie where the King holdeth his residence is Alha Guilia 5 In this Kingdome is the Prouince of Zeckland gouerned Prouinces after the order of the Heluetians 6 The chiefe riuers are Saluata and Rockle both which Riuers are disburdened into Danubins 7 This Transiluania is gouerned by a Christian Gouernment Prince who once paid tribute vnto the Turke but now doth warre against him OF LITVANIA 1 LItuania is bounded on the West with Polonia on Limits the South with Podolia on the East with Muscouia and on the North with Liuonia 2 There is little to be spoken of this Countrey onely Qualitie that in it there is great store of Pitch and Timber planks whereof they build many Ships 3 The inhabitants of it liue after the maner of the Polonians Inhabitants 4 The Metropolitan Citie where the Prince doth Cities keepe his Court is Vilna 5 This Kingdome is gouerned by a Duke but subiect Gouernment vnto the king of Poland OF LIVONIA 1 LIuonia is limited on the West with Mare Balticum Limits or Sinus Venedicus on the East with the riuer Narua the lake Bribas part of Moscouia on the South with Lituania Prussia and on the North with Sinus Finicus 2 The inhabitants of this country are for the most part Inhabitants al Christians and the women do think so wel of themselues that in comparison of their owne beauties they discommend all others 3 The riches of it are chiefly corne horses they haue Qualitie also in their woods wilde beastes of an extraordinarie strength 4 The chiefe cities are first Riga seated vpon the riuer Duina the next is Riualia neare vnto the Baltick Sea the last is Derpt 5 The notedst riuers are two the one is the riuer Einbecke which at the very mouth where it doth disburden Riuers it selfe into the Sea doth fall such a heigth that it roareth making the horriblest horridest noise that it deafeneth the eares of the inhabitants neare adioyning like to those which dwell neare vnto the Cataracts of Nile the other riuer is Duina 6 This Kingdome is a distract gouernement subiect vnto many Princes as the King of Poland Denmark Swecia Gouernment and the Emperour of Moscouia OF SCANDIA 1 SCandia is a Peninsula that is almost an Iland inuironned Limites on the North with the frozen Ocean on the East with Mare Balticum Sinus Finicus and Sinus Bodicus on the South with Sinus Codanus and on the West with the vast Ocean 2 This great coūtry in the North part is very barren but towards the South there is great store of corne Salt Qualitie Horses and Mines both of Siluer Iron and Lead 3 The inhabitants of it are very strong peruerse vnlearned Inhabitants much addicted vnto Sorceries witchcrafts 4 This Scandia is diuided into two great Kingdoms Diuision Noruegia and Swetia OF NORVEGIA OR NORWAY 5 NOruegia is bounded on the West North South Limits with the maine Ocean and on the East with the Dofrine mountaines 6 The Inhabitants of this Kingdom are simple men Inhabitants giuen much vnto Hospitalitie and abhorring Theeuerie or any such courses 7 The chief riches of this coūtrie are Cables Mastes Qualitie and such like furniture for Shipping there is also great store of dried fish which they eate in steede of bread 8 The Metropolitane Citie is Nidrosio there is another Citie Citie called Bergen one of the great Marte Townes of Christendome 9 This