Selected quad for the lemma: earth_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
earth_n	globe_n	magnitude_n	star_n	2,860	5	11.3541	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A64224	Thesaurarium mathematicae, or, The treasury of mathematicks containing variety of usefull practices in arithmetick, geometry, trigonometry, astronomy, geography, navigation and surveying ... to which is annexed a table of 10000 logarithms, log-sines, and log-tangents / by John Taylor.	Taylor, John, mathematician.	1687 (1687)	Wing T534; ESTC R23734	190,995	514

a_o 49_o 47_o 30_o 39_o to_o tc._n ½_o v._o at_o e_o 15°_n 47_o 47_o which_o double_v be_v the_o angle_n at_o e_o 31°_n 34_o 34_o as_o be_v require_v prop._n viii_o case_n 8._o two_o angle_n and_o a_o side_n opposite_a to_o one_o of_o they_o be_v know_v to_o find_v the_o interjacent_a side_n in_o the_o triangle_n ade_n there_o be_v give_v the_o angle_n e_o 31°_n 34_o 34_o the_o angle_n d_o 130°_n 03_o 03_o and_o his_o opposite_a side_n ae_n 70°_n 00_o 00_o now_o the_o side_n ed_z be_v require_v first_o by_o prop._n 2._o case_n 2._o i_o find_v ad_fw-la oppose_v to_o e_o to_o be_v 40°_n 00_o 00_o and_o then_o work_v thus_o take_v the_o sum_n and_o difference_n of_o the_o angle_n than_o also_o find_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o two_o side_n 39_o 39_o 39_o now_o say_v as_o s._n ½_o x._o w_n d_o and_o e_o 49°_n 14_o 14_o 30_o to_o s._n ½_o z_o w_n d_o and_o e_o 80_o 48_o 30._o so_o be_v t_o ½_o x_o cr_n s._n ad_fw-la and_o ae_n 15_o 00_o 00_o to_o t._n ½_o cr_n s._n ed_z 19°_n 15_o 15_o 00_o which_o be_v double_v be_v the_o side_n ed_z 38°_n 30_o 30_o as_o require_v prop._n ix_o case_n 9_o two_o side_n and_o their_o include_v angle_n be_v know_v to_o find_v the_o three_o side_n in_o the_o triangle_n apz_n there_o be_v give_v the_o side_n 40._o zp_v 38°_n 30_o 30_o the_o side_n pa_n 70°_n and_o the_o angle_n p_o let_v be_v 31°_n 34_o and_o the_o side_n az_n be_v require_v the_o resolution_n of_o this_o case_n depend_v on_o the_o catholic_a proposition_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o marchiston_n by_o suppose_v the_o oblique-triangle_n to_o be_v divide_v by_o a_o suppose_a perpendicular_a fall_v either_o within_o or_o without_o the_o triangle_n into_o two_o rectangular_n now_o in_o the_o triangle_n azp_n let_v fall_v the_o perperpendicular_a zr_n so_o be_v the_o triangle_n azp_v divide_v into_o two_o rectangular_n arz_n and_o zrp_n now_o the_o side_n az_n may_v be_v find_v at_o two_o operation_n thus_o say_v as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n of_o 90°_n 00_o 00_o to_o sc._n of_o the_o include_v v._o p._n 31_o 34._o so_o be_v t._n of_o the_o lesser_a side_n pz_n 38_o 30_o to_o t._n of_o a_o four_o arch._n 34_o 08._o if_o the_o contain_v angle_n be_v less_o than_o 90°_n take_v this_o four_o arch_n from_o the_o great_a side_n but_o if_o it_o be_v great_a than_o 90°_n from_o its_o compliment_n unto_o 180°_n the_o remainder_n be_v the_o residual_a arch_n now_o again_o say_v as_o sc._n of_o the_o four_o arch._n 34°_n 08_o 08_o to_o sc._n residual_a arch._n 35_o 52_o so_o sc._n of_o the_o lesser_a side_n pz_n 38_o 30_o to_o sc._n az_n the_o side_n require_v 40_o 00_o triangle_n but_o note_n that_o many_o time_n the_o perpendicular_a will_v fall_v without_o the_o triangle_n as_o it_o do_v 41._o now_o within_o in_o such_o case_n the_o side_n of_o the_o triangle_n must_v be_v continue_v so_o will_v there_o be_v two_o rectangular_n the_o one_o include_v within_o the_o other_o as_o in_o the_o triangle_n hik_fw-mi the_o perpendicular_a let_v fall_n be_v km_n fall_v on_o the_o side_n he_o and_o so_o the_o two_o rectangular_n find_v thereby_o will_v be_v in_o k_o and_o kmh_o and_o so_o by_o the_o direction_n in_o the_o former_a proposition_n find_v out_o the_o side_n ik_fw-mi if_o require_v to_o be_v find_v prop._n x._o case_n 10._o two_o angle_n and_o their_o interjacent_a side_n know_v to_o find_v the_o three_o angle_n in_o the_o triangle_n azp_n there_o be_v give_v the_o side_n zp_v 38°_n 30_o 30_o the_o angle_n p_o 31°_n 34_o 34_o and_o the_o angle_n z_o 130°_n 03_o 03_o and_o the_o angle_n at_o a_o be_v require_v first_o the_o oblique-triangle_n azp_n be_v reduce_v into_o two_o rectangular_n arz_n and_o zrp_a by_o 40._o case_n 9_o aforegoing_a i_o find_v the_o angle_n rzp_n to_o be_v 64°_n 19_o 19_o in_o the_o triangle_n zrp_n which_o take_v out_o of_o angle_n azp_a 130°_n 03_o 03_o leave_v the_o angle_n azr_fw-fr 65°_n 44_o 44_o now_o the_o angle_n a_o be_v find_v by_o this_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o s._n v._o pzr_n 64°_n 19_o 19_o to_o s._n v._o azr_n 65_o 44_o so_o be_v sc._n v._o at_o p_o 31_o 34_o to_o sc._n v._o at_o a_o 30_o 28_o which_o be_v require_v to_o be_v find_v out_o and_o know_v prop._n xi_o case_n 11._o three_o side_n give_v to_o find_v a_o angle_n in_o the_o triangle_n apz_n the_o side_n az_n be_v 40°_n 00_o 00_o the_o side_n zp_n be_v 38°_n 30_o 30_o the_o side_n ap_n be_v 70°_n 00_o 00_o and_o the_o angle_n z_o be_v require_v to_o find_v which_o do_v thus_o add_v the_o three_o side_n together_o and_o from_o half_a 40._o their_o sum_n deduct_v the_o side_n opposite_a to_o the_o require_a angle_n and_o then_o proceed_v as_o you_o see_v in_o the_o operation_n follow_v 40._o 40._o ½sum_fw-la be_v 65°_n 07_o 07_o 30_o the_o sc._n ½_o v._o at_o z_o which_o double_v be_v 130°_n 03_o 03_o 12_o the_o angle_n at_o z_o require_v prop._n xii_o case_n 12._o three_o angle_n give_v to_o find_v a_o side_n in_o the_o triangle_n azp_n the_o angle_n a_o be_v 30°_n 28_o 28_o 40._o 11_o the_o angle_n z_o 130°_n 03_o 03_o 12_o the_o angle_n p_o be_v 31°_n 34_o 34_o 26_o and_o the_o side_n az_n opposite_a to_o p_o be_v require_v this_o case_n be_v likewise_o perform_v as_o the_o former_a case_n or_o proposition_n the_o angles_n be_v convert_v into_o sides_n and_o the_o side_n into_o angle_n by_o take_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o great_a angle_n unto_o 180°_n see_v the_o work_n 40._o 40._o which_o be_v double_v give_v the_o side_n az_v 40°_n 00_o require_v to_o be_v find_v out_o and_o know_v ☞_o but_o if_o the_o great_a side_n ap_n be_v require_v the_o operation_n will_v produce_v the_o complem_n 〈…〉_z thereof_o unto_o a_o semicircle_n or_o 180°_n therfo_o 〈…〉_z subtract_v it_o from_o 180°_n it_o leave_v the_o remain_v require_v side_n seek_v thus_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o all_o the_o case_n of_o triangle_n both_o rightlined_n and_o spherical_a either_o right_n or_o obliqueangled_n i_o may_v hereunto_o have_v annex_v many_o variety_n unto_o each_o case_n and_o some_o fundamental_a axiom_n which_o somewhat_o more_o will_v have_v illustrate_v and_o demonstrate_v those_o case_n and_o proportion_n but_o because_o of_o the_o smallness_n of_o this_o treatise_n which_o be_v intend_v more_o for_o practice_n than_o theory_n i_o have_v for_o brevity_n sake_n omit_v they_o and_o refer_v you_o for_o those_o thing_n to_o large_a author_n who_o have_v large_o discourse_v thereon_o to_o good_a purpose_n chap._n vi_o of_o astronomy_n defin._n astronomy_n be_v a_o art_n mathematical_a which_o measure_v the_o distinct_a course_n of_o time_n day_n year_n etc._n etc._n it_o show_v the_o distance_n magnitude_n natural_a motion_n appearance_n and_o passion_n proper_a unto_o the_o planet_n and_o fix_v star_n for_o any_o time_n past_a present_a and_o to_o come_v by_o this_o we_o be_v certify_v of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o starry_a sky_n and_o of_o each_o planet_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o magnitude_n of_o any_o fix_a star_n or_o planet_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n magnitude_n sect_n i._o of_o astronomical_a definition_n defin._n 1._o asphere_n or_o globe_n be_v a_o solid_a body_n contain_v only_o one_o superficies_n in_o who_o middle_a there_o be_v a_o point_n call_v the_o centre_n from_o which_o all_o right_a or_o straight_a line_n draw_v unto_o the_o circumference_n or_o superficies_n be_v equal_a 2._o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n be_v two_o fix_a point_n 42._o in_o the_o heaven_n diametrical_o opposite_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o one_o call_v the_o arctic_a or_o north-pole_n note_v in_o the_o scheme_n by_o p._n the_o other_o be_v call_v the_o antarctic_a or_o south-pole_n as_o s._n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v of_o we_o be_v in_o the_o low_a hemisphere_n 3._o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n be_v a_o imaginary_a 42._o line_n draw_v from_o the_o north-pole_n through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n unto_o the_o south-pole_n about_o which_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n be_v perform_v from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n as_o the_o line_n ps_n 4._o the_o meridian_n be_v great_a circle_n concur_v 42._o and_o intersect_v one_o another_o in_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n as_o pes_fw-la and_o pc_n s._n 5._o the_o equinoctial_a or_o equator_fw-la be_v a_o great_a circle_n 90_o deg_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n cut_v the_o meridian_n at_o right-angle_n and_o divide_v the_o world_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n call_v 42._o the_o northern_a and_o southern_a hemisphere_n as_o e_o ♎_o q._n in_o scheme_n 42._o 6._o the_o ecliptic_a be_v a_o great_a circle_n cross_v the_o equinoctial_a in_o the_o two_o

opposite_a point_n aries_n and_o libra_n and_o make_v a_o angle_n therewith_o call_v its_o obliquity_n of_o 23°_n 30_o 30_o represent_v by_o ♋_o ♎_o ♑_o this_o circle_n be_v divide_v into_o 12_o sin_n each_o contain_v 30°_n 00_o 00_o as_o aries_n 42._o ♈_o taurus_n ♉_o gemini_fw-la ♊_o cancer_n ♋_o leo_n ♌_o virgo_fw-la ♍_o which_o be_v call_v northern_a sines_n libra_n ♎_o scorpio_n ♏_o sagitarius_n ♐_o capricornus_fw-la ♑_o aquarius_n ♒_o and_o pisces_fw-la ♓_o these_o be_v call_v southern_a sines_n 7._o the_o zodiac_n be_v a_o zone_n or_o girdle_n have_v 8_o deg_n of_o latitude_n on_o either_o side_n the_o ecliptic_a in_o which_o space_n the_o planet_n make_v their_o revolution_n this_o circle_n be_v a_o circle_n which_o regulate_v the_o year_n month_n and_o season_n etc._n and_o be_v distinguish_v 42._o in_o the_o scheme_n by_o the_o 12_o sin_n 8._o the_o colour_n be_v two_o meridian_n divide_v the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o equinoctial_a into_o four_o equal_a part_n one_o of_o which_o pass_v by_o the_o equinoctial_a 42._o point_n aries_n and_o libra_n and_o be_v call_v the_o equinoctial_a colour_n as_o p_o ♎_o s._n the_o other_o by_o the_o begin_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n and_o be_v call_v the_o solstitial_a colour_n as_o p_o ♋_o s_o ♑_o 9_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v two_o point_n 23°_n 30_o 30_o distant_a from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n as_o i_o and_o k._n 42._o 10._o the_o tropic_n be_v two_o small_a circle_n parallel_n unto_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o distant_a therefrom_o 23°_n 30_o 30_o limit_v the_o sun_n great_a declination_n the_o northern_a tropic_n pass_v by_o the_o begin_n of_o cancer_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n as_o ♋_o a_o d._n the_o southern_a tropic_n 42_o pass_v by_o the_o begin_n of_o capricorn_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o tropic_a of_o capricorn_n as_o b_o b_o ♑_o 11._o the_o polar_a circle_n be_v two_o small_a circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o distant_a therefrom_o 66°_n 30_o 30_o and_o from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n 23°_n 30_o 30_o that_o which_o be_v adjacent_a unto_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v call_v the_o arctic_a circle_n as_o g_z d_o i._n and_o the_o other_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n as_o kd_v m._n 42._o 12._o the_o zenith_n and_o the_o nadir_n be_v two_o point_n diametrical_o opposite_a the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o the_o zenith_n be_v the_o vertical_a point_n or_o the_o point_n over_o our_o head_n as_o z_o the_o nadir_n be_v opposite_a thereto_o as_o the_o point_n n._n 13._o the_o azimuth_n or_o vertical_a circle_n be_v great_a circle_n of_o the_o sphere_n concur_v and_o intersect_v each_o other_o in_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n as_o z_o f_o n._n 14_o the_o horizon_n be_v a_o great_a circle_n 90_o deg_n 42._o distant_a from_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n cut_v all_o the_o azimuth_n at_o rightangle_v and_o divide_v the_o world_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n the_o upper_z and_o visible_a hemisphere_n and_o the_o low_a and_o invisible_a hemisphere_n represent_v by_o h_n ♎_o r._n 15._o the_o meridian_n of_o a_o place_n be_v that_o meridian_n which_o pass_v by_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n of_o 42._o the_o place_n as_o p_o z_o s_o n._n 16._o the_o alinicanthar_n or_o parallel_n of_o altitude_n be_v small_a circle_n parallel_v unto_o the_o horizon_n imagine_v to_o ●pass_n through_o every_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o the_o meridian_n between_o the_o zenith_n and_o horizon_n b_o a_o f._n 17._o parallel_n of_o latitude_n or_o declination_n be_v small_a circle_n parallel_v unto_o the_o equinoctial_a they_o 42._o be_v call_v parallel_n of_o latitude_n in_o respect_n to_o any_o place_n on_o the_o earth_n and_o parallel_n of_o declination_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n in_o the_o heaven_n 18._o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n be_v the_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o horizon_n or_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o zenith_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a 19_o the_o latitude_n of_o a_o star_n be_v the_o arch_n of_o a_o circle_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o star_n and_o the_o ecliptic_a line_n this_o circle_n make_v right-angle_n with_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v account_v either_o northward_o or_o southward_o according_a to_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o star._n 20._o longitude_n on_o earth_n be_v measure_v by_o a_o arch_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a contain_v between_o the_o primary_n meridian_n or_o meridian_n of_o that_o place_n where_o longitude_n be_v assign_v to_o begin_v and_o the_o meridian_n of_o any_o other_o place_n count_v always_o easterly_a 21._o the_o longitude_n of_o a_o star_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a which_o be_v contain_v between_o the_o star_n place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o beginning_n of_o aries_n count_v they_o according_a unto_o the_o succession_n of_o sines_n 22._o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n be_v the_o arch_n of_o a_o azimuth_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n and_o the_o horizon_n 23._o ascension_n be_v the_o rise_n of_o any_o star_n or_o part_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a to_o any_o degree_n above_o the_o horizon_n and_o descension_n be_v the_o set_n of_o it_o 24._o right_o ascension_n be_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a i._n e._n from_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n which_o come_v unto_o the_o meridian_n with_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n or_o with_o any_o portion_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a 25._o oblique-ascension_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a between_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a which_o rise_v with_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o star_n or_o with_o any_o portion_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n and_o oblique_a descension_n be_v that_o part_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a tha●_n set_v therewith_o 26._o the_o ascentional_a difference_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o right_n and_o oblique-ascension_n 27._o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n be_v 43._o the_o distance_n of_o the_o rise_n or_o set_v thereof_o from_o the_o east_n or_o west_n point_n of_o the_o horizon_n 28._o the_o parallax_n be_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o true_a and_o apparent_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n so_o the_o true_a place_n in_o respect_n of_o altitude_n be_v in_o the_o line_n ace_n or_o adg_n the_o sun_n or_o star_n be_v at_o c_o or_o d_o and_o the_o apparent_a place_n in_o the_o line_n bcf_n and_o bdh_n so_o likewise_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o parallax_n be_v acb_n or_o ecf_n and_o adb_n or_o gdb_v also_o in_o the_o say_a scheme_n abk_n represent_v a_o 43._o quadrent_fw-la of_o the_o globe_n or_o earth_n on_o the_o earth_n superficies_n a_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o b_o any_o point_n of_o the_o earth_n surface_n 29._o the_o refraction_n of_o a_o star_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o atmosphere_n or_o vapourous_a thickness_n of_o the_o air_n near_o the_o earth_n superficies_n whereby_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n seem_v always_o to_o rise_v soon_o and_o and_o set_v late_a than_o real_o they_o do_v sect_n ii_o of_o astronomical_a proposition_n prop._n i._n the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n either_o aries_n or_o libra_n be_v know_v to_o find_v his_o declination_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n distance_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n so_o it_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n be_v great_a declination_n to_o the_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n be_v present_a declination_n seek_v prop._n ii_o the_o sun_n place_n give_v to_o find_v his_o right-ascension_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o t._n of_o the_o sun_n longitude_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n so_o be_v the_o sc._n of_o his_o great_a declination_n to_o t._n of_o his_o right-ascension_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n prop._n iii_o to_o find_v the_o sun_n place_n or_o longitude_n from_o aries_n his_o declination_n be_v give_v this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n great_a declination_n to_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n 00_o 00_o so_o be_v s._n of_o his_o present_a declination_n to_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n place_n or_o longitude_n from_o aries_n sin_n prop._n iu._n by_o know_v the_o sun_n declination_n to_o find_v his_o right_a ascension_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o tc._n of_o the_o sun_n great_a declination_n so_o be_v t._n of_o the_o declination_n give_v to_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n right_a ascension_n require_v ♎_o prop._n v._o by_o know_v the_o latitude_n of_o a_o place_n and_o the_o sun_n declination_n to_o find_v the_o ascensional_a

mathematicae_fw-la atlas_n and_o hercules_n who_o poet_n feign_v the_o heavy_a load_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o sustain_v if_o so_o great_a toil_n and_o labour_n than_o they_o take_v yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o thou_o have_v in_o thy_o book_n not_o like_a to_o they_o thy_o labour_n fiction_n be_v thy_o work_n so_o true_a ingenious_a and_o so_o rare_a that_o seldom_o yet_o such_o work_n from_o man_n do_v flow_v for_o thou_o by_o they_o do_v teach_v we_o all_o to_o know_v the_o secret_n of_o all_o science_n and_o art_n which_o free_o unto_o we_o thou_o do_v impart_v thou_o show_v we_o how_o number_n to_o understand_v and_o how_o the_o speech_n of_o number_n to_o command_v geometry_n the_o queen_n of_o truth_n do_v cease_v the_o egyptian_a trouble_n and_o do_v cause_v a_o peace_n when_o proud_o nile_n have_v overflow_v their_o ground_n and_o all_o their_o bound_n and_o landmark_n do_v confound_v by_o it_o each_o man_n his_o proper_a right_n do_v gain_v and_o peace_n by_o it_o great_a egypt_n do_v obtain_v this_o art_n so_o conspicuous_a thou_o have_v make_v that_o to_o thy_o glory_n it_o can_v never_o fade_v by_o sines_n tangent_n and_o secant_v thou_o do_v show_v we_o all_o the_o part_n of_o triangle_n to_o know_v thy_o lofty_a genius_n view_v the_o star_n on_o high_a so_o that_o full_a well_o thou_o know_v astronomy_n all_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o planet_n thou_o do_v understand_v thy_o work_n do_v show_v it_o now_o for_o thou_o such_o rule_n and_o precept_n do_v apply_v in_o this_o thy_o book_n unto_o astronomy_n demonstrate_v by_o rule_n so_o rare_a and_o plain_a that_o he_o be_v a_o dunce_n that_o can_v it_o now_o obtain_v thus_o have_v view_v the_o sphere_n of_o heaven_n well_o then_o on_o our_o mother_n earth_n thy_o genius_n fall_v thou_o viewd'st_a her_o round_a even_o by_o inspect_v all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o cosometick_n ball._n and_o here_o in_o this_o thy_o book_n thou_o let_v we_o see_v how_o nation_n all_o most_o disagree_v be_v the_o seaman_n he_o adore_v thou_o as_o his_o friend_n so_o liberal_a unto_o he_o thy_o art_n do_v lend_v and_o thou_o from_o he_o will_v not_o thy_o talon_n hide_v thy_o book_n be_v a_o light-house_n mariner_n to_o guide_v survey_v thou_o do_v teach_v and_o that_o so_o plain_a that_o any_o one_o that_o art_n may_v well_o obtain_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v injustice_n to_o disband_v attend_v lord_n and_o tenant_n of_o the_o land_n to_o thou_o the_o brook_n and_o spring_n do_v all_o submit_v and_o they_o will_v glide_v to_o that_o place_n thou_o think_v fit_a thou_o show_v mechanic_n well_o to_o apprehend_v to_o measure_v board_n or_o glass_n nay_o as_o a_o friend_n teach_v they_o how_o both_o timber_n round_o and_o square_a and_o stone_n to_o measure_n of_o what_o kind_n so_o ever_o therefore_o to_o thou_o they_o praise_v still_o will_v give_v and_o though_o though_o thy_o body_n dead_a thy_o fame_n shall_v live_v the_o art_n of_o gauge_v thou_o do_v plain_o teach_v and_o far_a far_o than_o worthy_a oughtred_a reach_n into_o the_o mystery_n of_o that_o curious_a part_n and_o noble_a branch_n of_o mathematic_a art._n thou_o measure_v the_o course_n of_o time_n short_a stay_n thus_o dial_n show_n we_o how_o time_n fly_v away_o that_o thereby_o we_o may_v mind_v our_o fade_a breath_n and_o preparation_n make_v for_o certain_a death_n thy_o book_n be_v also_o prepare_v mars_n to_o withstand_v in_o raise_v fort_n for_o to_o defend_v the_o land_n in_o order_v army_n in_o battle_n array_n and_o they_o encamp_v when_o they_o make_v a_o stay_n the_o gunner_n magazine_n lie_v in_o this_o tract_n from_o whence_o direction_n he_o may_v have_v to_o sack_n or_o storm_v a_o town_n or_o batter_v down_o a_o wall_n or_o make_v a_o breach_n and_o at_o the_o joyful_a fall_n of_o turret_n high_a huzza_n to_o make_v for_o joy_n and_o enter_v in_o his_o enemy_n destroy_v these_o curious_a art_n with_o more_o than_o here_o be_v name_v in_o this_o rich_a treasury_n so_o neat_o frame_v our_o friendly_a author_n do_v to_o all_o impart_v wish_v success_n and_o that_o with_o all_o his_o heart_n but_o stop_v my_o muse_n let_v we_o not_o be_v so_o rude_a we_o will_v only_o wish_v he_o well_o and_o so_o conclude_v may_v thou_o o_o author_n of_o this_o treasury_n reap_v to_o thyself_o profit_n and_o praise_v thereby_o and_o may_v thou_o ever_o ever_o happy_a be_v that_o we_o more_o of_o thy_o learned_a work_n may_v see_v live_v thou_o in_o splendid_a comfort_n to_o thy_o end_n so_o pray_v thy_o humble_a servant_n and_o thy_o friend_n july_n 20._o 1686._o geo._n barrow_n to_o the_o learned_a author_n my_o much_o respect_a friend_n mr._n john_n taylor_n on_o his_o herculean_a labour_n in_o the_o composure_n of_o this_o excellent_a mathematical_a treasury_n i_o ncrease_v our_o muse_n rouse_v up_o you_o sister_n nine_o o_o n_o we_o bestow_v your_o art_n that_o we_o may_v praise_v h_n be_v work_n his_o worth_n and_o his_o real_a design_n n_o ot_fw-mi honour_n vain_a but_o skill_n aloft_o to_o raise_v vain_a glory_n be_v to_o he_o but_o a_o trifle_a toy_n it_o be_v art_n alone_o it_o be_v that_o which_o be_v his_o joy._n t_o he_o earth_n he_o have_v trace_v the_o sphere_n of_o heaven_n view_v a_o and_o star_n and_o sea_n who_o billow_n loud_o do_v roar_v y_fw-fr et_fw-fr be_v he_o not_o nor_o can_v he_o be_v so_o rude_a l_o ike_z many_z other_o to_o lock_v up_o his_o store_n o_o h_o he_o do_v not_o his_o treasure_n open_v open_v do_v stand_v r_o eceive_v it_o as_o a_o jewel_n from_o his_o hand_n our_o noble_a friend_n and_o author_n what_o be_v thy_o due_n honour_n thou_o slight_v treasure_n be_v too_o vain_a for_o you_o thy_o mind_n be_v fix_v on_o science_n above_o thou_o be_v urania_n favourite_n and_o love_n thou_o know_v her_o way_n her_o art_n be_v at_o thy_o command_n she_o smile_v upon_o thou_o guide_v thou_o by_o the_o hand_n for_o which_o thy_o name_n we_o will_v extol_v and_o praise_v as_o far_o as_o phoebus_n send_v his_o golden_a ray_n therefore_o in_o happiness_n let_v thy_o time_n run_v and_o rest_n in_o peace_n when_o that_o thy_o period_n come_v sept._n 27._o 1686._o tho._n robinson_n a_o acrostic_n on_o the_o name_n of_o my_o much_o respect_a and_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n john_n taylor_n i_o f_o mathematics_n be_v the_o art_n to_o teach_v o_o by_o thy_o book_n the_o learned_a then_o may_v reach_v h_n eaven_n pole_n and_o circle_n without_o doubt_n or_o fear_n not_o to_o find_v out_o each_o star_n its_o hemisphere_n t_o hough_o archimedes_n have_v much_o glory_n get_v a_o among_o the_o syracusian_n why_o not_o y_z ea_z statue_n be_v erect_v to_o thy_o name_n l_o et_fw-fr eagle's_n wing_n tower_n and_o soar_v thy_o fame_n o_o happy_a may_v thou_o be_v and_o this_o thy_o book_n r_o eader_n instruct_v when_o ere_o they_o in_o it_o look_v london_n july_n 29._o 1686._o fran._n pierce_n advertisement_n a_o ll_o gentlemen_n or_o other_o person_n that_o shall_v have_v occasion_n for_o any_o sort_n of_o mathematical_a instrument_n either_o for_o sea_n or_o land_n may_v be_v furnish_v by_o john_n worgan_n mathematical_a instrument-maker_n under_o st._n dunstan_n church_n ●n_n fleetstreet_n london_n at_o st._n george_n church_n in_o southwark_n be_v teach_v write_v arithmetic_n merchant_n account_n geometry_n trigonometry_n astronomy_n navigation_n survey_v dial_a gauge_v and_o gunnery_o by_o john_n hawkins_n philomath_n art_n and_o science_n mathematical_a profess_a and_o teach_v by_o henry_n coley_n philomath_n at_o his_o house_n in_o baldwin_n court_n over_o against_o the_o old_a hole_n in_o the_o wall_n in_o baldwin_n garden_n near_o grays-inn-lane_n arithmetic_n in_o whole_a number_n and_o vulgar_a fraction_n decimal_n and_o by_o logarithm_n geometry_n the_o rudiment_n thereof_o also_o the_o demonstration_n and_o practice_n according_a to_o the_o best_a author_n astronomy_n the_o use_n of_o the_o globe_n celestial_a and_o terrestrial_a to_o project_v the_o sphere_n in_o plano_n to_o any_o latitude_n several_a way_n to_o calculate_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o the_o planet_n with_o their_o declination_n and_o ascension_n also_o the_o true_a time_n quantity_n and_o duration_n of_o eclipse_n of_o the_o luminary_n for_o any_o time_n past_a or_o to_o come_v trigonometry_n or_o the_o doctrine_n and_o calculation_n of_o triangle_n both_o plain_a and_o spherical_a with_o the_o application_n of_o the_o several_a case_n thereof_o in_o the_o most_o useful_a question_n in_o geometry_n astronomy_n geography_n navigation_n dyall_v &c_n &c_n navigation_n in_o either_o of_o the_o three_o principal_a kind_n of_o sail_v viz._n by_o the_o plain_a and_o mercator_n chart_n great_a circle_n dyall_v geometrical_o instrumental_o arithmetical_o by_o the_o sector_n and_o other_o convenient_a scale_n the_o logarithm_n sin_n &_o tan._n survey_v

the_o twilight_n continue_v to_o find_v which_o observe_v this_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n so_o be_v sc._n of_o the_o poles-height_n to_o a_o four_o sine_fw-la which_o keep_v then_o out_o of_o the_o sun_n distance_n from_o the_o south-pole_n subduct_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o of_o that_o remain_v and_o the_o degree_n 62_o be_v add_v to_o it_o their_o sum_n and_o difference_n find_v say_v again_o as_o the_o four_o sine_fw-la sound_n to_o s._n ½_o z_o of_o the_o remainder_n and_o 62°_n 00_o 00_o so_o be_v s._n ½_o x._o of_o the_o remainder_n and_o 62°_n 00_o 00_o to_o a_o number_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o the_o radius_fw-la be_v equal_a unto_o the_o quadrat_fw-la of_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o ½_o angle_n of_o the_o sun_n distance_n at_o the_o end_v of_o the_o twilight_n from_o noon_n next_o ensue_v then_o from_o the_o sun_n of_o the_o whole_a angle_n convert_v into_o hour_n subtract_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v set_v arch._n it_o give_v you_o the_o length_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la or_o twilight_n but_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o winter_n tropic_n make_v the_o twilight_n long_o of_o any_o twilight_n twilight_n the_o whole_a winter_n half_a year_n now_o in_o a_o certain_a parallel_n betwixt_o that_o tropic_a and_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v the_o short_a crepusculum_fw-la the_o declination_n of_o which_o parallel_n be_v thus_o find_v as_o the_o tc._n of_o the_o pole_n to_o the_o saint_n of_o the_o pole_n so_o be_v the_o t._n of_o 99°_n 00_o 00_o to_o s._n of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o parallel_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n make_v the_o short_a crepusculum_fw-la of_o the_o year_n but_o before_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la come_v to_o be_v short_a there_o be_v another_o parallel_n in_o which_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o declination_n of_o which_o be_v find_v thus_o as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n 00_o 00_o to_o s._n of_o the_o pole_n elevation_n or_o altitude_n so_o i●_n s._n of_o 18°_n 00_o 00_o to_o s._n of_o the_o declination_n of_o the_o parallel_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n make_v the_o crepusculum_fw-la equal_a to_o that_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a prop._n xxi_o to_o find_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o angle_n which_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o 12_o house_n make_v with_o the_o meridian_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o t._n of_o 60°_n for_o the_o 11_o 9th_o 5_o and_o 3d_o house_n or_o to_o the_o t._n 30°_n for_o the_o 12_o 8_o 6_o and_o 2d_o house_n so_o be_v the_o sc._n of_o the_o pole_n to_o the_o tc._n of_o any_o house_n with_o the_o meridian_n prop._n xxii_o to_o find_v the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o point_n in_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o also_o the_o point_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a called_z medium_fw-la coeli_fw-la or_o cor_fw-la coeli_fw-la first_o to_o find_v the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a called_z medium_fw-la coeli_fw-la vel_fw-la cor_fw-la coeli_fw-la find_v out_o the_o sun_n be_v right_a ascension_n by_o prop._n 2._o then_o reduce_v the_o whole_a time_n from_o noon_n last_o pass_v into_o degree_n which_o add_v unto_o the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o sun_n so_o shall_v their_o agragat_n be_v the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o point_n which_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v call_v medium_fw-la coeli_fw-la vel_fw-la cor_fw-la caeli_fw-la require_v to_o be_v find_v second_o by_o the_o 2_o proposition_n aforego_v you_o may_v find_v the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o point_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a culminant_n in_o the_o meridian_n call_v medium_fw-la coeli_fw-la vel_fw-la cor_fw-la coeli_fw-la which_o be_v the_o cuspis_fw-la of_o the_o ten_o house_n and_o his_o declination_n by_o prop._n the_o first_o prop._n xxiii_o to_o find_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o the_o sun_n be_v great_a declination_n so_o be_v sc._n of_o the_o sun_n be_v right_a ascension_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o v._o of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n prop._n xxiv_o to_o find_v the_o angle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o horizon_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o cor_fw-la coeli_fw-la so_o be_v s._n of_o the_o v._o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o v._o of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o horizon_n seek_v prop._n xxv_o to_o find_v the_o amplitude_n ortive_a of_o the_o ascendent_n or_o horoscopus_fw-la this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o altitude_n of_o med._n coeli_fw-la so_o be_v t._n of_o v._o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n to_o tc._n of_o the_o amplitude_n ortive_a of_o the_o ascendent_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o azimuth_n from_o the_o meridian_n prop._n xxvi_o to_o find_v the_o ascendent_n degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o the_o cuspis_fw-la of_o the_o first_o house_n the_o amplitude_n ortive_a of_o the_o ascendent_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o azimuth_n of_o 90°_n from_o the_o meridian_n wherefore_o the_o cuspis_fw-la of_o the_o first_o house_n or_o ascendent_n degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a may_v be_v find_v thus_o as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o v._o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n so_o be_v tc._n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o med._n coeli_fw-la to_o t._n of_o the_o distance_n of_o med._n coeli_fw-la from_o the_o ascendent_n degree_n prop._n xxvii_o to_o find_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o cuspis_fw-la of_o any_o house_n from_o med._n coeli_fw-la this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o sc._n of_o the_o remain_a part_n of_o v._o of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n find_v by_o prop._n 28._o to_o sc_n of_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o v._o so_o be_v t._n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o med._n coeli_fw-la to_o t._n of_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o cuspis_fw-la of_o that_o house_n seek_v from_o med._n coeli_fw-la prop._n xxviii_o to_o find_v the_o part_n of_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a with_o the_o meridian_n cut_v with_o a_o arch_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o circle_n of_o any_o of_o the_o house_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o sc._n altitude_n of_o med._n coeli_fw-la so_o be_v t._n of_o the_o circle_n of_o any_o house_n with_o the_o meridian_n to_o tc._n of_o that_o part_n of_o that_o angle_n which_o be_v next_o the_o meridian_n then_o subtract_v that_o part_n find_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a angle_n for_o the_o remain_a or_o latter_a part_n prop._n xxix_o to_o find_v the_o pole_n altitude_n above_o any_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o house_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o saint_n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o v._o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o house_n with_o the_o meridian_n find_v by_o the_o 21_o prop._n so_o be_v the_o saint_n of_o the_o pole_n elevation_n above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o place_n to_o s._n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o pole_n above_o the_o circle_n of_o position_n prop._n xxx_o by_o know_v the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o any_o fix_a star_n to_o find_v his_o right_a ascension_n and_o declination_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v 1._o as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o the_o star_n longitude_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n so_o be_v tc._n of_o the_o star_n latitude_n to_o t._n of_o a_o four_o arch._n page_n 216_o plate_n iii_o again_o say_v 2._o as_o s._n of_o the_o four_o arch_n to_o s._n of_o the_o five_o arch_n so_o be_v t._n of_o the_o star_n longitude_n to_o t._n of_o the_o star_n right-ascension_n from_o the_o next_o equinoctial_a point_n 3._o as_o sc_n of_o the_o four_o arch_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o five_o arch_n so_o be_v saint_n of_o the_o star_n latitude_n to_o s._n of_o the_o star_n declination_n i_o may_v also_o show_v how_o by_o have_v the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n of_o any_o two_o fix_a star_n to_o find_v their_o distance_n but_o because_o it_o be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o find_v the_o distance_n of_o any_o two_o place_n on_o earth_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o the_o direction_n of_o prop_n 1_o 2_o and_o 3._o of_o chap._n 7_o ensue_v where_o you_o will_v see_v the_o plain_a demonstration_n thereof_o prop._n xxxi_o by_o know_v the_o pole_n altitude_n to_o find_v when_o any_o fix_a star_n shall_v be_v due_a east_n or_o west_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o t._n of_o the_o star_n declination_n so_o be_v tc._n of_o the_o pole_n to_o sc._n of_o the_o star_n

horary_a distance_n from_o the_o meridian_n prop._n xxxii_o by_o know_v the_o pole_n altitude_n to_o find_v the_o elevation_n of_o any_o fix_a star_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v due_a east_n or_o west_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o s._n of_o the_o pole_n altitude_n to_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n so_o be_v s._n of_o the_o star_n declination_n to_o s._n of_o the_o star_n elevation_n above_o the_o horizon_n at_o due_a east_n or_o west_n prop._n xxxiii_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizontal_n parallax_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o the_o moon_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o earth_n semidiameter_n so_o be_v radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n so_o s._n of_o the_o moon_n be_v horizontal_n parallax_n in_o that_o distance_n prop._n xxxiv_o the_o horizontal_n parallax_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v know_v to_o find_v her_o parallax_n in_o any_o apparent_a latitude_n this_o be_v the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o the_o moon_n be_v altitude_n so_o be_v s._n of_o the_o moon_n be_v horizontal_n parallax_n to_o s._n of_o the_o parallax_n in_o that_o altitude_n prop._n xxxv_o by_o know_v the_o moon_n be_v place_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a have_v little_a or_o no_o latitude_n and_o her_o parallax_n of_o altitude_n to_o find_v the_o parallax_n of_o her_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n first_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o 90°_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a she_o have_v then_o no_o parallax_n of_o longitude_n and_o the_o parallax_n of_o the_o latitude_n be_v the_o very_a parallax_n in_o that_o altitude_n second_o but_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v not_o in_o the_o 90th_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o find_v the_o parallax_n of_o the_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n the_o analogy_n or_o proportion_n be_v 1._o as_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o t._n of_o the_o v._o of_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o horizon_n so_o be_v sc._n of_o the_o moon_n be_v distance_n from_o the_o ascendent_n or_o descendent_a deg_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o tc._n of_o the_o ecliptick_n v_o with_o the_o azimuth_n of_o the_o moon_n again_o say_v 2._o as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n to_o s._n of_o that_o v._o find_v so_o be_v the_o parallax_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v altitude_n to_o the_o parallax_n of_o her_o latitude_n seek_v last_o say_v 3._o as_o the_o radius_fw-la or_o s._n 90°_n 00_o 00_o to_o sc._n of_o the_o former_a v._o find_v so_o be_v the_o parallax_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v altitude_n to_o the_o parallax_n of_o his_o longitude_n seek_v which_o be_v add_v to_o the_o true_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n if_o she_o be_v on_o the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o 90°_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o from_o it_o to_o be_v deduct_v if_o she_o be_v on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o 90°_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a prop._n xxxvi_o how_o by_o know_v the_o refraction_n of_o a_o star_n to_o find_v his_o true_a altitude_n for_o the_o speedy_a performance_n of_o which_o i_o have_v annex_v this_o table_n of_o refraction_n of_o the_o star_n observe_v by_o tycho_n brabe_n a_o nobleman_n of_o denmark_n and_o a_o most_o famous_a astronomer_n a_o table_n of_o the_o refraction_n of_o the_o star_n observe_v by_o tycho_n brabe_n altitude_n refraction_n o°_n 30_o 30_o 00_o 1_o 21_o 30_o 2_o 15_o 30_o 3_o 12_o 30_o 4_o 11_o 00_o 5_o 10_o 00_o 6_o 9_o 00_o 7_o 8_o 15_o 8_o 6_o 45_o 9_o 6_o 00_o 10_o 5_o 30_o 11_o 5_o 00_o 12_o 4_o 30_o 13_o 4_o 00_o 14_o 3_o 30_o 15_o 3_o 00_o 16_o 2_o 30_o 17_o 2_o 00_o 18_o 1_o 15_o 19_o 0_o 30_o 20_o 0_o 00_o the_o use_n of_o which_o table_n be_v thus_o example_n suppose_v the_o altitude_n of_o a_o star_n be_v find_v by_o observation_n to_o be_v 13°_n the_o correspondent_a refraction_n be_v 4_o '_o 00_o which_o substract_v from_o 13°_n leave_v 12°_n 56_o 56_o which_o be_v the_o true_a altitude_n chap._n vii_o of_o geography_n defin._n geography_n be_v a_o art_n mathematical_a which_o show_v how_o the_o situation_n of_o kingdom_n province_n city_n town_n village_n fort_n castle_n mountain_n wood_n havens_n rivers_n creek_n etc._n etc._n be_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n may_v be_v describe_v and_o design_v in_o commensuration_n analogical_a to_o nature_n and_o verity_n and_o most_o apt_o to_o our_o view_n may_v be_v represent_v ptolemy_n say_v of_o geography_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o be_v a_o description_n of_o all_o the_o know_a earth_n imitate_v by_o writing_n and_o delineation_n with_o all_o other_o thing_n belong_v thereunto_o of_o all_o which_o i_o shall_v say_v somewhat_o as_o to_o its_o situation_n commodity_n custom_n etc._n etc._n concern_v which_o ovid_n say_v met._n lib._n 2._o terra_fw-la viros_fw-la urbesque_fw-la gerit_fw-la frugesque_fw-la ferasque_fw-la fluminaque_fw-la haec_fw-la super_fw-la est_fw-la caeli_fw-la fulgentis_fw-la imago_fw-la in_o english_a thus._n the_o earth_n man_n tower_n fruit_n beast_n and_o rivers_n bear_v and_o over_o these_o be_v placee_v the_o heavenly_a sphere_n sect_n i._o of_o geographical_a definition_n defin._n 1._o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o spherical_a body_n compose_v of_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o continent_n island_n and_o sea_n 2._o a_o continent_n be_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o land_n not_o separate_v interlace_v or_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n wherein_o be_v kingdom_n principality_n and_o nation_n as_o europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n be_v one_o continent_n and_o america_n be_v another_o 3._o a_o island_n be_v such_o a_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v environ_v round_o with_o water_n on_o every_o side_n as_o the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n java_n wight_n etc._n etc._n 4._o a_o peninsula_n be_v such_o a_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o be_v almost_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o main_a land_n and_o encompass_v round_o with_o water_n yet_o nevertheless_o be_v join_v unto_o the_o firm_a land_n by_o some_o little_a isthmus_n as_o peloponesus_fw-la peruviana_n taurica_n cymtryca_n and_o morea_n in_o the_o levant_n 5._o a_o isthmus_n be_v a_o little_a narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n which_o join_v the_o peninsula_n unto_o the_o continent_n 6._o a_o promontory_n be_v some_o high_a mountain_n which_o shoot_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o utmost_a end_n of_o which_o be_v call_v a_o cape_n as_o cape-boon_n esperance_fw-fr cape_n d'verde_v and_o cape_n d'coquibocao_o 7._o the_o ocean_n be_v a_o general_a collection_n of_o water_n which_o environ_v the_o world_n on_o every_o side_n and_o produce_v sea_n strait_o bay_n lake_n and_o river_n of_o which_o and_o other_o water_n ovid_n thus_o speak_v in_o his_o metamorphosis_n tum_o freta_fw-la diffudint_n rapidisque_fw-la tumescere_fw-la ventis_fw-la jussit_fw-la &_o ambitae_fw-la circundare_fw-la littora_fw-la terrae_fw-la he_o spread_v the_o sea_n which_o then_o he_o do_v command_v to_o swell_v with_o wind_n and_o compass_v round_o the_o land_n 8._o the_o sea_n be_v part_n of_o the_o ocean_n to_o which_o we_o can_v come_v but_o through_o some_o straight_a as_o the_o mediterranean_a or_o baltic_a sea._n 9_o a_o strait_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o ocean_n restrain_v within_o narrow_a bound_n yet_o open_v a_o way_n to_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o strait_o of_o gibraltar_n hellespont_n &c_n &c_n 10._o a_o creek_n be_v a_o crooked_a shoar_n thrust_v as_o it_o be_v two_o arm_n forth_o to_o hold_v the_o sea_n as_o the_o adriatic_a persian_a and_o corinthian_a creek_n from_o whence_o be_v produce_v river_n brook_n and_o fountain_n which_o be_v engender_v of_o congeal_a air_n in_o the_o earth_n concavity_n and_o second_v by_o sea-water_n creep_v through_o the_o hide_a cranny_n of_o the_o earth_n 11._o a_o bay_n be_v a_o great_a inlet_n of_o land_n as_o the_o bay_n of_o mexico_n and_o biscay_n 12._o a_o gulf_n be_v a_o great_a inlet_n of_o land_n and_o deep_a than_o a_o bay_n as_o the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n and_o florida_n 13._o a_o climate_n be_v a_o certain_a space_n of_o earth_n and_o sea_n include_v within_o the_o space_n of_o two_o parallel_n and_o there_o have_v be_v ancient_o account_v these_o seven_o viz._n 1._o dia_n meros_n 2._o dia_n syenes_n 3._o dia_n alexandria_n 4._o dia_n rhodes_n 5._o dia_n rhomes_fw-fr 6._o dia_n boristhenes_n and_o 7._o dia_n ripheos_n 14._o a_o zone_n be_v a_o certain_a space_n of_o earth_n contain_v betwixt_o certain_a circle_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o which_o there_o be_v five_o viz._n the_o torrid_a or_o burn_a zone_n two_o temperate_a and_o two_o frigid_a or_o freeze_a zone_n the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v that_o which_o lie_v on_o each_o side_n the_o equinoctial_a who_o bound_n be_v the_o two_o tropic_n of_o ♋_o and_o ♑_o the_o two_o temperate_a zone_n be_v those_o which_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o two_o tropic_n of_o ♋_o and_o ♑_o and_o the_o palar_n circle_n