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always_o to_o observe_v the_o great_a bear_n whence_o homer_n give_v they_o the_o epithet_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o theon_n observe_v for_o the_o greek_n call_v the_o great_a bear_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o phoenician_n always_o observe_v the_o lesser_a bear_n as_o aratus_n affirm_v the_o three_o be_v call_v the_o dragon_n in_o arabic_a alanin_n and_o it_o be_v often_o call_v aben_n but_o scaliger_n readethit_n taben_n whence_o he_o call_v that_o star_n which_o be_v in_o the_o dragon_n head_n and_o be_v the_o 5._o in_o number_n rastaben_n though_o it_o be_v vulgar_o write_v rasaben_n in_o this_o constellation_n there_o be_v reckon_v 31._o star_n the_o four_o be_v cepheus_n in_o arabic_a aluedaf_n to_o this_o constellation_n beside_o those_o two_o unformed_a sarr_n which_o be_v hard_o by_o his_o tiara_n they_o reckon_v in_o all_o 11._o among_o which_o that_o which_o be_v in_o number_n the_o 4._o be_v call_v in_o arabic_a alderaimin_n which_o signify_v the_o 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the_o pole_n and_o be_v the_o high_a in_o the_o world_n shall_v yet_o be_v think_v to_o have_v the_o same_o superficies_n with_o â—…he_n sealy_v beneath_o it_o this_o therefore_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n that_o mâ—…y_v seem_v to_o overthrow_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n make_v up_o one_o spherical_a body_n let_v we_o examine_v it_o a_o little_a more_o near_o and_o consider_v how_o great_a this_o inequality_n may_v be_v that_o seem_v to_o make_v so_o much_o against_o the_o evennessc_n of_o this_o yerrestitall_a globe_n many_o strange_a and_o almost_o incredible_a thing_n be_v report_v by_o aristotle_n mela_n pliny_n and_o solinuâ—…_n of_o the_o unusual_a height_n of_o athoâ—…_n a_o hill_n in_o macedonia_n and_o of_o casius_n in_o syria_n as_o also_o of_o another_o of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o arabia_n and_o of_o the_o monntaine_n caucasus_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n one_o of_o the_o most_o miraculous_a thing_n which_o they_o have_v observe_v of_o the_o mountain_n athos_n be_v that_o whereas_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o macedony_n it_o cast_v a_o shadow_n into_o the_o market_n place_n at_o myrrhina_n a_o town_n in_o the_o island_n lemnos_n from_o whence_o athos_n be_v distant_a 86._o mile_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o athos_n lie_v westward_o from_o lemnos_n as_o may_v appear_v out_o of_o ptolemy_n table_n no_o marvel_n that_o it_o cast_v so_o large_a a_o shadow_n see_v that_o we_o may_v observe_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o as_o well_o when_o the_o sunrise_v as_o when_o it_o set_v the_o shadow_n be_v always_o extraordinary_a long_o but_o that_o which_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n report_n of_o the_o same_o mountain_n i_o shall_v rather_o account_v among_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fabulous_a story_n where_o as_o they_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v above_o that_o region_n of_o the_o air_n whence_o the_o rain_n be_v wont_a to_o fall_v and_o this_o opinion_n say_v they_o be_v first_o ground_v upon_o a_o report_n that_o there_o go_v that_o the_o ash_n which_o be_v leave_v upon_o the_o altar_n on_o the_o top_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v never_o wash_v away_o but_o be_v find_v remain_v in_o heap_n upon_o the_o same_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v another_o testimony_n out_o of_o the_o excerpt_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o strabo_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n do_v see_v the_o sun_n three_o hour_n soon_o than_o those_o that_o live_v near_o the_o sea_n side_n the_o height_n of_o the_o mountâ—…in_n caucasus_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n celebrate_v by_o arisâ—…otle_n the_o top_n whereof_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n bâ—…ames_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o night_n both_o morning_n and_o evening_n no_o less_o fabulous_a be_v that_o which_o be_v report_v
on_o every_o side_n â—…quidistant_n from_o the_o horzion_n be_v common_o â—…ailed_v zenith_n but_o the_o arabian_n name_v it_o seâ—…th_v but_o the_o former_a corrupt_a name_n have_v yet_o â—…revailed_v so_o that_o it_o be_v always_o use_v among_o wriâ—…ers_n general_o and_o that_o point_n which_o be_v oppoâ—…ite_a to_o it_o in_o the_o low_a hemisphere_n the_o arabiansâ—…all_a â—…all_z nathire_n but_o it_o be_v common_o write_v nadir_n these_o two_o point_n be_v call_v also_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o horizon_n furtheremore_n upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o hoâ—…izon_n in_o a_o material_a globe_n there_o be_v describe_v first_o the_o twelve_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiaque_fw-la and_o â—…ach_v of_o these_o be_v again_o divide_v into_o twenty_o lesser_a portion_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a horizon_n be_v divide_v â—…nto_o 360._o part_n which_o they_o also_o call_v degree_n and_o if_o every_o degree_n be_v diuâ—…ded_v into_o sixty_o part_n â—…lso_o each_o of_o they_o be_v call_v a_o scruple_n or_o minute_n and_o so_o by_o the_o like_a subdivision_n of_o minutâ—…â—…nto_n fixty_n part_n will_v arise_v second_o and_o of_o these_o three_o and_o likewise_o four_o hâ—…_n and_o fifths_o etc._n etc._n by_o the_o like_a partition_n still_o of_o each_o into_o â—…xty_a part_n pont_n in_o the_o midst_n among_o these_o sign_n be_v there_o describe_v certain_a character_n to_o denote_v the_o particular_a planet_n to_o who_o dominion_n each_o sigâ—…_n do_v appertain_v next_o to_o this_o there_o be_v another_o section_n wherein_o be_v set_v down_o the_o several_a dayâ—…_n of_o every_o week_n after_o that_o follow_v the_o number_n of_o the_o day_n of_o every_o month_n throughout_o thâ—…_n whole_a year_n beside_o this_o number_n of_o the_o dayâ—…s_n each_o of_o they_o have_v in_o their_o several_a order_n some_o one_o of_o these_o three_o letter_n affix_v k._n n._n i._n signify_v the_o kalend_n nones_n and_o ides_n which_o term_n the_o ancient_a roman_n use_v in_o their_o account_n to_o signâ—…_n fie_o the_o day_n of_o every_o month_n for_o they_o do_v 〈◊〉_d reckon_v as_o we_o do_v now_o from_o the_o first_o day_n of_o every_o month_n to_o the_o 30._o or_o 31._o of_o the_o same_o but_o their_o account_n be_v according_a to_o the_o kalende_n noneâ—…_n and_o ides_n so_o that_o the_o first_o of_o each_o month_n wâ—…_n the_o kalend_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o day_n of_o the_o same_o month_n be_v not_o reckon_v forward_o but_o after_o a_o retrograde_a manner_n as_o for_o example_n the_o last_o day_n of_o december_n with_o we_o be_v the_o 31._o they_o call_v the_o second_o of_o the_o kalend_n or_o january_n and_o the_o 30._o of_o the_o same_o month_n the_o three_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o january_n thus_o reckon_v backward_o till_o they_o come_v to_o the_o ides_n which_o be_v the_o fourteen_o of_o december_n and_o the_o nineteen_o of_o the_o kalend_n of_o january_n the_o like_a order_n they_o observe_v in_o the_o ides_n and_o nones_n also_o now_o what_o month_n have_v more_o or_o few_o kalend_n or_o nones_n may_v be_v find_v upon_o the_o horizon_n as_o we_o have_v say_v and_o as_o may_v be_v gather_v also_o out_o of_o these_o old_a verse_n majus_n sex_n nonas_fw-la october_n julius_n &_o mars_n quatuor_fw-la at_o reliqui_fw-la tenet_n idus_fw-la quilibet_fw-la octo_fw-la ind_n dies_fw-la reliquos_fw-la dic_fw-la omnes_fw-la esse_fw-la calendas_fw-la there_o be_v also_o describe_v upon_o the_o horizon_n the_o roman_a calendar_n and_o that_o three_o several_a way_n â—…o_o wit_n the_o ancient_a way_n which_o be_v still_o in_o use_n â—…ith_v we_o here_o in_o england_n and_o the_o new_a way_n apâ—…ointed_v by_o pope_n gregory_n 13._o wherein_o the_o eâ—…uinoxes_n &_o solstice_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o same_o â—…laces_n wherein_o they_o be_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o ceâ—…ebration_n of_o the_o council_n of_o nice_a and_o in_o the_o â—…hird_n the_o say_v equinoctial_a and_o solsticial_a point_n â—…re_v restore_v to_o the_o place_n that_o they_o be_v in_o at_o â—…he_a time_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n nativity_n the_o â—…onths_n in_o the_o calendar_n be_v divide_v into_o day_n â—…nd_a week_n to_o which_o be_v annex_v as_o their_o peâ—…uliar_a character_n the_o seven_o first_o letter_n of_o the_o latin_a alphabet_n which_o manner_n of_o design_v â—…he_a day_n of_o the_o month_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o by_o dionysius_n exigum_n a_o roman_a abbot_n after_o the_o council_n of_o niee_n the_o innermost_a border_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v divide_v into_o 32._o part_n according_a to_o the_o number_n â—…f_o the_o wind_n which_o be_v observe_v by_o our_o modeâ—…ne_n sea-fareing_a man_n in_o their_o navigation_n by_o â—…hich_v also_o they_o be_v wont_n to_o design_n forth_o the_o â—…uarters_n of_o the_o heaven_n &_o the_o coast_n of_o counâ—…ries_n for_o the_o ancient_n observe_v but_o four_o â—…inds_n only_o to_o which_o be_v after_o add_v four_o â—…ore_o but_o after_o age_n not_o content_a with_o this_o â—…umber_n increase_v it_o to_o twelve_o and_o at_o â—…ength_n they_o bring_v it_o to_o twenty_o four_o as_o 〈◊〉_d be_v note_n and_o now_o these_o latertime_n haâ—…e_v â—…ade_v they_o up_o thirty_o two_o the_o name_n whereoâ—…_n â—…oth_v in_o english_a and_o latin_a be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o â—…he_a horizon_n of_o material_a globe_n pont_n the_o true_a horizon_n be_v either_o rational_a or_o sensible_a the_o rational_a or_o intelligible_a horizoâ—…_n divide_v the_o the_o sphere_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n exact_o and_o these_o be_v call_v the_o upper_a and_o the_o low_a hemisphaere_n the_o sensible_a or_o apparent_a horizon_n be_v sâ—…_n call_v because_o it_o only_o seem_v to_o divide_v the_o heaven_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n or_o hemisphaere_n whereas_o indeed_o it_o do_v not_o divide_v it_o so_o exact_o but_o only_o seem_v so_o to_o do_v the_o rational_a horizon_n be_v also_o call_v the_o artificial_a because_o that_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o for_o the_o use_n of_o astronomy_n the_o use_n of_o the_o horizon_n be_v manifold_a first_o it_o divide_v the_o heaven_n into_o two_o hemisphaere_n second_o it_o show_v what_o star_n never_o set_v and_o so_o what_o never_o rise_v from_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o likewise_o what_o star_n do_v both_o rise_v and_o set_v three_o it_o show_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o equality_n and_o in_o equality_n of_o the_o artificial_a day_n and_o night_n four_o it_o conduee_v to_o the_o find_v out_o of_o the_o latitude_n of_o any_o place_n five_o it_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o rectitude_n and_o obliquity_n of_o the_o sphere_n whereof_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v more_o large_o hereafter_o there_o be_v also_o let_v into_o this_o horizon_n two_o notch_n opposite_a one_o to_o the_o other_o a_o circle_n of_o brass_n make_v right_a angle_n with_o the_o say_a horizon_n and_o place_v so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v move_v at_o pleasure_n up_o and_o down_o by_o those_o notch_n aâ—…_n need_n shall_v require_v this_o circle_n be_v call_v the_o meridian_n because_o that_o one_o side_n of_o it_o which_o be_v merinian_n in_o like_a manner_n divide_v in_o 360._o degree_n supply_v the_o office_n of_o the_o true_a meridian_n now_o the_o meridian_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o also_o of_o the_o horizon_n to_o which_o when_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o daily_a revolution_n be_v arrive_v in_o the_o upper_a hemisphere_n it_o be_v midday_n and_o when_o it_o touch_v the_o same_o in_o the_o low_a hemisphere_n it_o be_v midnight_n at_o that_o place_n who_o meridian_n it_o be_v these_o two_o circle_n the_o horizon_n and_o meridian_n be_v various_a and_o mutable_a in_o the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n according_a as_o the_o place_n be_v change_v but_o in_o the_o material_a globe_n they_o be_v make_v fix_v and_o constant_a and_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v movable_a that_o so_o the_o meridian_n may_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o any_o place_n pont_n the_o usâ—…s_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v these_o especial_o first_o it_o determine_v the_o paint_v of_o midday_n and_o midnight_n whence_o the_o astronomer_n begin_v the_o day_n always_o from_o the_o circle_n second_o in_o the_o meridian_n be_v observe_v the_o zenith_n or_o uâ—…rticall_a point_n of_o place_n whence_o afterward_o the_o distance_n of_o star_n and_o parallel_n circle_n be_v gather_v three_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o place_n be_v take_v from_o hence_o four_o it_o show_v the_o great_a elevation_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o other_o star_n which_o elevation_n be_v call_v their_o meridian_n altitude_n five_o by_o the_o meridional_a eleudtion_n of_o the_o sun_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n may_v be_v find_v out_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n and_o habitude_n or_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n for_o the_o quarter_n of_o a_o circle_n be_v 90._o degree_n if_o then_o we_o subtract_v the_o merâ—…dionall_a altitude_n of_o
that_o 15._o german_n mile_n be_v as_o much_o as_o 60._o itslian_n and_o 60._o italian_n mile_n contain_v 480._o furlong_n which_o be_v less_o than_o ptolemy_n measure_n by_o 20._o furlong_n which_o make_v up_o two_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a the_o spaniard_n reckon_v to_o a_o degree_n some_o of_o they_o 16._o league_n and_o two_o three_o part_n and_o some_o seventeen_o and_o a_o half_a but_o how_o their_o measure_n stand_v compare_v with_o the_o grecian_a furlong_n or_o with_o the_o english_a italian_a or_o german_a mile_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o certain_o learn_v yet_o nonius_n seem_v to_o equal_v the_o spanish_a league_n with_o the_o schoenus_n or_o parasanga_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o than_o those_o that_o allow_v 16._o league_n and_o 2._o three_o to_o a_o degree_n have_v the_o same_o measure_n that_o ptolemy_n have_v deliver_v but_o those_o that_o allow_v 17._o and_o a_o half_a make_v it_o somewhat_o too_o large_a it_o only_o now_o remain_v to_o see_v what_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o arabian_n concern_v this_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o most_o ancient_a have_v assign_v to_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n 2400._o miles_n or_o 8000._o parasangae_fw-la so_o that_o after_o this_o computation_n a_o degree_n must_v contain_v 66._o miles_n with_o two_o three_o part_n and_o this_o measure_n be_v use_v by_o alhazenus_n in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr crepusclis_fw-la alfraganus_fw-la and_o some_o of_o the_o late_a arabic_a writer_n since_o almamons_n time_n do_v general_o account_v 20400._o mile_n to_o be_v the_o just_a measure_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o that_o one_o degree_n contain_v by_o this_o reckon_n 56_o miles_n and_o a_o three_o part_n and_o it_o be_v report_v by_o abilfedea_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o geography_n how_o that_o by_o the_o command_n of_o almanon_n king_n of_o the_o arabian_n or_o caliph_n of_o babylon_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n employ_v who_o shall_v observe_v in_o the_o plain_a field_n of_o singar_fw-la and_o the_o adjoin_a sea_n coast_n mean_v the_o place_n in_o a_o direct_a linetoward_a the_o pole_n how_o many_o mile_n answer_v to_o a_o degree_n and_o that_o they_o find_v by_o just_a computation_n that_o in_o go_v the_o space_n of_o one_o degree_n there_o be_v spend_v full_o 56._o mile_n without_o any_o fraction_n and_o sometime_o 56._o miles_n and_o a_o three_o part_n which_o make_v up_o 1333._o cubit_n with_o two_o 〈◊〉_d but_o now_o what_o proportion_n the_o arabian_a mile_n bear_v to_o we_o or_o the_o italian_a or_o germane_a mile_n be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o determine_v yeâ—…_n conjecture_v it_o can_v be_v loss_n than_o teâ—…_n furlong_n the_o parasanga_n as_o christmannusâ—…ils_v â—…ils_z we_o out_o of_o abilfedea_n that_o great_a arabian_a geographer_n contain_v three_o arabian_a mile_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n both_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a writer_n among_o they_o now_o a_o parasanga_n as_o it_o appear_v plain_o out_o of_o herodotus_n xenophon_n and_o other_o contain_v thirty_o furlong_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n every_o mile_n must_v comprehend_v ten_o furlong_n and_o for_o confirmation_n of_o this_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o among_o the_o greek_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o cubit_n in_o use_n the_o one_o the_o common_a or_o ordinary_a cubit_n which_o contain_v two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o grecian_a measure_n or_o twenty_o four_o digitt_n of_o which_o sixteen_o go_v to_o a_o foot_n the_o other_o be_v the_o king_n cubit_n in_o use_n among_o the_o persian_n which_o be_v great_a than_o the_o common_a cubit_n by_o three_o finger_n breadth_n now_o alfraganus_n affirm_v that_o the_o arabian_a mile_n contain_v 4000_o cubit_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a measure_n so_o that_o if_o this_o cubit_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o grecian_a cubit_n one_o of_o their_o mile_n will_v then_o contain_v 6000._o grecian_a foot_n which_o make_v up_o ten_o furlong_n now_o whereas_o the_o parasanga_n be_v reckon_v by_o some_o to_o contain_v 40._o furlong_n and_o by_o other_o 60._o yet_o no_o body_n allow_v to_o it_o less_o than_o 30._o with_o which_o late_a account_n if_o we_o shall_v with_o herodotus_n xenophon_n and_o other_o rest_v ourselves_o content_v neither_o indeed_o be_v it_o our_o intention_n to_o stand_v long_o in_o dispute_v whether_o or_o no_o in_o diverse_a place_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o parasanga_n be_v also_o different_a as_o strabo_n seem_v to_o think_v who_o observe_v the_o very_a same_o difference_n in_o the_o egyptian_n schoenus_n when_o as_o be_v convey_v on_o the_o river_n nilus_n from_o one_o city_n to_o another_o he_o observe_v that_o the_o egyptian_n in_o diverse_a place_n use_v diverse_a measure_n of_o their_o schoenus_n i_o say_v if_o we_o shall_v rest_v upon_o their_o determination_n who_o assign_v but_o 30_o furlong_n to_o a_o parasanga_n then_o one_o of_o the_o arabian_a mile_n will_v contain_v ten_o furlong_n at_o the_o least_o which_o conjecture_n if_o â—…hey_n be_v true_a we_o can_v then_o assent_v to_o those_o learned_a man_n p._n nonius_n and_o jacobus_n christmannus_n who_o will_v have_v the_o arabian_a mile_n to_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o italian_a in_o this_o so_o great_a diversity_n of_o opinion_n concerue_v the_o true_a measure_n of_o the_o earth_n circumference_n let_v it_o be_v free_a for_o every_o man_n to_o follow_v whosoever_o he_o please_v yet_o be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o late_a arabian_n do_v countermâ—…nd_v we_o by_o propose_v to_o we_o their_o position_n which_o they_o aver_v to_o have_v be_v ground_v upon_o most_o certain_a and_o exact_a mensuration_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n we_o shall_v not_o doubt_v to_o prefer_v ptolemy_n opinion_n i_o will_v here_o propose_v unto_o your_o view_n a_o list_n of_o all_o those_o opinion_n which_o carry_v in_o they_o any_o show_n of_o probability_n author_n furlong_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n contain_v according_a to_o strabo_n and_o hipperchus_fw-la 252000._o eratosthenes_n 250000._o posidonus_fw-la &_o the_o ancient_a arabian_n 240000._o ptolemy_n and_o our_o englishman_n 180000._o the_o modern_a arabian_n 204000_o the_o italian_n and_o german_n 172800._o author_n furlong_n the_o measure_n of_o a_o degree_n according_a to_o strabo_n and_o hipparchus_n 700._o eratosthenes_n 694â…˜_n posidomus_fw-la &_o the_o ancient_a arabian_n 666â…”_n ptolemy_n and_o our_o english_a man_n 500_o the_o late_a arabian_n 566â…”_n italian_n and_o german_n 480._o miles_n furiongs_n the_o italian_a contain_v 8._o english_a 8â…“_n arabian_n 10_o german_n 32_o pont_n for_o the_o find_n out_o of_o the_o circumference_n or_o circuit_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n these_o hypothesis_n be_v first_o to_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o a_o ground_n 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o heaven_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o 360._o part_n or_o degree_n 2._o that_o one_o of_o these_o degree_n do_v 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a_o learned_a treatise_n of_o globe_n both_o celestial_a and_o terrestrial_a with_o their_o several_a use_n write_a first_o in_o latin_a by_o mr._n robert_n hues_n and_o by_o he_o so_o publish_v afterwards_o illustrate_v with_o note_n by_o jo._n isa._n pontanus_n and_o now_o last_o make_v english_a for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o unlearned_a by_o john_n chilmead_n mr_n of_o a._n of_o christ-church_n in_o oxon._n london_n print_v by_o j._n b._n for_o andrew_n kemb_n anâ—_n to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n on_o s._n margaâ—â—â—_n hill_n in_o southwark_n 1659._o to_o the_o reader_n that_o nothing_o be_v at_o once_o bring_v forth_o and_o perfect_v be_v a_o observation_n we_o may_v make_v as_o from_o other_o thing_n so_o in_o a_o more_o especial_a manner_n from_o art_n and_o science_n for_o not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o rest_n which_o yet_o have_v all_o of_o they_o in_o succession_n of_o time_n have_v their_o accession_n of_o perfection_n if_o we_o but_o take_v the_o 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we_o and_o the_o moscovite_n when_o their_o attempt_n succeed_v not_o this_o way_n their_o next_o design_n be_v then_o to_o try_v what_o may_v be_v do_v on_o the_o northern_a coast_n of_o america_n and_o the_o first_o undertaker_n of_o these_o â—…oyages_n be_v mr._n martin_n frobisher_n who_o be_v afterward_o second_v by_o m_n john_n davis_n by_o mean_n of_o all_o which_o navigation_n many_o error_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o their_o great_a ignorance_n be_v discover_v but_o now_o that_o all_o these_o their_o endeavour_n succeed_v not_o our_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n be_v well_o furnish_v in_o ship_n and_o impatient_a of_o idleness_n they_o resolve_v at_o length_n to_o adventure_v upon_o other_o part_n and_o first_o sir_n humphrey_n gilbert_n with_o great_a courage_n &_o force_n attempt_v to_o make_v a_o discovery_n of_o those_o part_n of_o america_n which_o be_v yet_o unknown_a to_o the_o spaniard_n but_o the_o success_n be_v not_o answerable_a which_o attempt_n of_o he_o be_v afterward_o more_o prosperous_o prosecute_v by_o that_o honourable_a gentleman_n sir_n walter_z raleigh_n by_o who_o mean_n virginia_n be_v first_o discover_v unto_o we_o the_o general_n of_o his_o force_n be_v sir_n richard_n greenvile_n which_o country_n be_v afterward_o very_o exact_o surveigh_v and_o describe_v by_o m._n thomas_n harriot_n neither_o have_v our_o countryman_n within_o these_o limit_n bound_v their_o navigation_n for_o sir_n francis_n drake_n pass_v through_o the_o strait_n of_o megellane_n and_o bear_v up_o along_o the_o western_a coast_n of_o america_n discover_v as_o far_o as_o 50._o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n after_o who_o mr._n thomas_n candish_n trace_v the_o same_o step_n have_v purchase_v himself_o as_o large_a a_o monument_n of_o his_o fame_n with_o all_o succeed_a age_n i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o reckon_v with_o these_o our_o countryman_n sir_n john_n mandivel_n who_o almost_o 300._o year_n since_o in_o a_o 33._o year_n voyage_n by_o land_n take_v a_o strict_a view_n of_o all_o india_n china_n tartary_n and_o persia_n within_o the_o region_n adjoy_v by_o these_o &_o the_o like_a expedition_n by_o sea_n the_o matter_n be_v bring_v to_o that_o pass_n that_o our_o english_a nation_n may_v seem_v to_o contend_v even_o with_o the_o spaniard_n and_o portugal_n himself_o for_o the_o glory_n of_o navigation_n and_o without_o all_o doubt_n have_v they_o but_o take_v along_o with_o they_o a_o very_a reasonable_a competency_n of_o skill_n in_o geometry_n and_o astronomy_n they_o have_v by_o this_o get_v themselves_o a_o far_o more_o honourable_a name_n at_o sea_n than_o they_o and_o indeed_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o many_o understand_a man_n that_o their_o endeavour_n have_v take_v the_o less_o effect_n mere_o through_o ignorance_n in_o these_o science_n that_o therefore_o there_o may_v be_v some_o small_a accrwment_n to_o their_o study_n and_o pain_n that_o take_v delight_n in_o these_o art_n i_o have_v compose_v this_o small_a treatise_n which_o that_o it_o may_v be_v for_o their_o profit_n i_o earnest_o desire_v farewell_n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n the_o preface_n wherein_o be_v show_v the_o antiquity_n and_o excellency_n of_o globe_n in_o comparison_n of_o all_o other_o instrument_n as_o be_v of_o a_o form_n most_o apt_a to_o express_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v defend_v against_o patricius_n the_o height_n of_o hill_n how_o much_o it_o may_v detract_v from_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o first_o part_n chapter_n 1._o what_o a_o globe_n be_v with_o the_o part_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o circle_n without_o the_o globe_n what_o the_o horizon_n be_v with_o the_o thing_n describe_v therein_o in_o a_o material_a globe_n what_o the_o meridian_n be_v the_o pole_n and_o axis_n as_o also_o the_o hour-circle_n and_o index_n cap._n 2._o of_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v describe_v on_o the_o supersicy_n of_o globe_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o equinoctial_a circle_n what_o a_o day_n be_v both_o natural_a and_o artificial_a as_o also_o of_o hour_n both_o equal_a and_o unequal_a of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o eccliptick_a what_o a_o year_n be_v and_o the_o indeterminate_a limit_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o diverse_a opinion_n of_o author_n concern_v the_o same_o as_o also_o many_o of_o their_o error_n what_o the_o aequinoctium_n and_o solstice_n be_v with_o change_v of_o their_o place_n and_o anticipation_n in_o the_o calendar_n confirm_v by_o many_o observation_n the_o error_n of_o sosigenes_n and_o julius_n caesar_n in_o design_v the_o place_n of_o the_o aequinoctium_n of_o the_o colur_n the_o longitude_n &_o latitude_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n be_v prove_v by_o observation_n to_o have_v be_v alter_v a_o place_n of_o ptolemy_n l_o ib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o geograph_n be_v vindicate_v from_o the_o injury_n of_o his_o interpreter_n and_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o strabo_n of_o the_o tropicke_n
a_o certain_a rock_n in_o sogdiana_n speak_v â—…f_o by_o strabo_n in_o the_o eleven_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n notwithstanding_o cleomedes_n be_v of_o oâ—…inion_n that_o a_o perpendicular_a draw_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a hill_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o deeâ—…est_a sea_n exceed_v not_o this_o measure_n the_o proportion_n will_v be_v no_o great_a then_o of_o one_o to_o 1908._o or_o let_v we_o extend_v it_o yet_o far_o if_o you_o will_v to_o four_o mile_n or_o thirty-two_a furlong_n of_o which_o â—…eight_n the_o mountain_n casius_n in_o syria_n be_v reporâ—…ed_v by_o pliny_n to_o be_v the_o proportion_n will_v yet_o be_v somewhat_o less_o than_o of_o one_o to_o 1789._o i_o be_o therefore_o so_o far_o from_o give_v any_o credit_n to_o patricius_n his_o relation_n of_o tenariffe_n be_v seventyâ—…wo_a mile_n high_a unless_o it_o be_v measure_v by_o maâ—…y_o oblique_a and_o crooked_a turn_n and_o wind_n â—…n_o which_o manner_n pliny_n measure_v the_o height_n of_o â—…he_n alps_n also_o to_o be_v fifteen_o mile_n as_o that_o i_o â—…annot_v assent_v to_o alhazen_a a_o arabian_a who_o will_v have_v the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a hill_n to_o reach_v â—…o_o eight_o arabian_a mile_n or_o eighty_o furlong_n as_o i_o think_v neither_o yet_o to_o pliny_n who_o in_o his_o quarto_fw-la lib._n cap._n 11._o affirm_v the_o mountain_n haemus_n to_o be_v six_o mile_n in_o height_n and_o i_o can_v scarce_o yield_v to_o the_o samc_n pliny_n when_o as_o he_o speak_v of_o other_o hill_n four_o mile_n in_o height_n and_o whosoever_o shall_v affirm_v any_o hill_n to_o be_v high_a than_o this_o though_o it_o be_v mercury_n himself_o i_o will_v bard_o believe_v he_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o height_n oâ—…_n hill_n which_o sâ—…emed_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n patricius_n proceed_v and_o go_v about_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o water_n also_o be_v not_o round_o or_o spherical_a and_o he_o bâ—…rroweth_v his_o argument_n from_o the_o observation_n of_o those_o that_o convey_v or_o level_v water_n who_o find_v by_o their_o dioptricall_a instrument_n that_o waterâ—…_n bave_v all_o a_o equal_a and_o plain_a superficies_n except_o thâ—…y_v be_v trouble_v by_o the_o violence_n of_o wind_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n eratosthenes_n in_o strabo_n affirm_v that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o some_o place_n high_o than_o it_o be_v in_o other_o and_o he_o also_o produce_v as_o assertor_n of_o his_o ignorance_n those_o water-levellers_a who_o be_v employ_v by_o demetrius_n abâ—…ut_o the_o ent_v away_o of_o the_o isthmus_n or_o neck_n of_o land_n betwixt_o peloponesus_fw-la and_o greece_n return_v he_o answer_v that_o they_o find_v by_o their_o inâ—…ruments_n that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o seâ—…_n which_o be_v on_o corinth_n side_n be_v high_a than_o it_o be_v at_o cenchraee_n the_o like_a be_v also_o story_a of_o sesostris_n one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o go_v about_o to_o make_v a_o 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world_n about_o return_v again_o into_o spain_n and_o here_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o maintain_v the_o famous_a voyage_n of_o our_o own_o countryman_n sir_n francis_n drake_n and_o master_n thomas_n candish_n not_o so_o well_o know_v perhaps_o abroad_o which_o yet_o convince_v patricius_n and_o the_o same_o error_n aâ—…d_v thus_o have_v we_o light_o touch_v the_o chief_a foundation_n that_o his_o cause_n be_v build_v upon_o but_o as_o for_o â—…ose_v ill_o understand_v experiment_n which_o he_o bring_v 〈◊〉_d the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o same_o i_o shall_v let_v they_o â—…sse_v for_o that_o they_o seem_v rather_o to_o subvert_v his_o opiâ—…n_n then_o confirm_v it_o thus_o have_v prove_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n 〈◊〉_d be_v of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n see_v that_o the_o eâ—…inency_n of_o the_o high_a hill_n have_v scarce_o the_o â—…e_a proportion_n to_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o â—…rth_n that_o there_o be_v betwixt_o 1._o and_o 1000_o â—…hich_v how_o small_a it_o 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the_o end_n that_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o same_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o true_a motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n may_v the_o more_o easy_o be_v apprehend_v and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o aequator_fw-la zodiaque_fw-la axe_n and_o the_o other_o circle_n be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o other_o orb_n themselves_o and_o their_o hypothesis_n for_o as_o concern_v the_o objection_n make_v long_o since_o by_o rhoeticus_fw-la and_o late_o by_o peter_n ramus_n lib._n 2._o schol._n math._n touch_v the_o facility_n the_o ancient_a egyptians_n have_v in_o search_n ing_z out_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o let_v you_o see_v what_o the_o noble_a tycho_n opinion_n be_v herein_o and_o what_o answer_n he_o once_o upon_o occasion_n give_v ramus_n himself_o propose_v the_o same_o unto_o he_o as_o we_o find_v it_o relate_v by_o himself_o in_o his_o book_n of_o astronomical_a epistle_n pag._n 60._o and_o thus_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la celeberrimus_fw-la ille_fw-la noltri_fw-la aevi_fw-la philosophus_fw-la petus_n ramus_n etc._n etc._n where_o as_o that_o famous_a philosopher_n of_o our_o time_n peter_n ramus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o science_n of_o astronomy_n may_v be_v frame_v by_o some_o certain_a logical_a way_n of_o computation_n with_o hypothesis_n this_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o mere_a groundless_a conjecture_n which_o conâ—…eit_n of_o he_o he_o propose_v indeed_o to_o i_o about_o sixteen_o â—…eares_n since_o when_o as_o we_o be_v together_o at_o auâ—…purge_n wish_v i_o withal_o that_o when_o as_o i_o have_v â—…nce_o reduce_v the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n into_o some_o â—…xact_a order_n by_o the_o hypothesis_n now_o in_o use_n i_o â—…ould_v then_o try_v what_o may_v be_v do_v without_o they_o and_o that_o this_o may_v possible_o be_v effect_v he_o bring_v this_o for_o his_o reason_n because_o that_o he_o have_v read_v that_o the_o egyptians_n have_v ancient_o a_o most_o easy_a and_o facile_a way_n and_o method_n in_o their_o astronomy_n and_o therefore_o see_v that_o this_o way_n of_o computation_n by_o hypothesis_n be_v very_o intricate_a and_o difficult_a it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o they_o have_v a_o more_o plain_a and_o compendious_a way_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n and_o that_o without_o they_o but_o i_o oppose_v he_o herein_o show_v withal_o that_o it_o be_v altogether_o impossible_a that_o the_o celestial_a apparenâ—…es_n shall_v be_v reduce_v into_o any_o certain_a order_n or_o science_n so_o as_o to_o be_v understand_v without_o the_o helpâ—…_n of_o hypothesis_n and_o that_o this_o facility_n of_o the_o egyptians_n be_v only_o in_o the_o aequator_n of_o the_o planet_n whereby_o they_o free_v themselves_o from_o all_o tedious_a supputation_n whereas_o the_o ease_n and_o facile_a use_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o bring_v to_o light_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o he_o think_v otherwise_o a_o man_n of_o a_o excellent_a apprehension_n and_o wit_n and_o a_o great_a lover_n of_o the_o truth_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v so_o thorough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o hide_a secret_n of_o this_o intricate_a science_n and_o consider_v not_o that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o heavenly_a bodiâ—…s_n do_v not_o keep_v a_o constant_a period_n at_o any_o set_a time_n i_o neither_o can_v nor_o indeed_o desire_v to_o get_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o in_o this_o matter_n he_o have_v many_o sectary_n at_o this_o day_n who_o have_v a_o strong_a faith_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o this_o thing_n but_o such_o they_o be_v that_o neither_o understand_v the_o matter_n themselves_o nor_o will_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v it_o to_o any_o effect_n for_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n consist_v in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n without_o these_o there_o be_v noâ—…_n any_o thing_n in_o this_o visible_a world_n that_o can_v be_v explain_v or_o understand_v now_o the_o office_n of_o these_o hypothesis_n be_v only_o to_o show_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n by_o circle_n and_o other_o figure_n which_o be_v again_o resolve_v into_o number_n by_o arithmetic_n without_o which_o whosoever_o shall_v think_v to_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o invoke_v fortune_n as_o the_o proverb_n be_v and_o dream_n of_o some_o strange_a incorporeal_a and_o more_o than_o seraphical_a way_n above_o the_o reach_n of_o humane_a capacity_n beside_o the_o body_n of_o the_o globe_n itself_o and_o those_o â—…hings_n which_o we_o have_v say_v to_o be_v thereon_o inscribe_v there_o be_v also_o annex_v a_o certain_a frame_n with_o necessary_a instrument_n thereto_o belong_v which_o we_o shall_v declare_v in_o order_n the_o fabric_n of_o his_o frame_n be_v thus_o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v a_o base_a or_o foot_n to_o rest_v upon_o on_o which_o there_o be_v raise_v perpendicular_o six_o c_o pillar_n b_o or_o a_o column_n of_o equal_a length_n and_o distance_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o which_o there_o be_v fasten_v to_o a_o level_n and_o parallel_v to_o the_o base_a a_o round_a plate_n or_o circle_n of_o wood_n of_o a_o sufficient_a breadth_n and_o thickness_n which_o they_o call_v the_o horizon_n because_o that_o the_o uppermost_a superficies_n thereof_o horizon_n perform_v the_o office_n of_o the_o true_a horizon_n for_o it_o be_v so_o place_v that_o it_o divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n â—…nto_o two_o equal_a part_n whereof_o that_o which_o 〈◊〉_d uppermost_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o visible_a â—…emisphaere_n and_o the_o other_o that_o which_o be_v hide_v â—…omus_fw-la so_o likewise_o that_o circle_n which_o diviâ—…es_v that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o we_o â—…ee_v from_o â—…hat_o other_o which_o we_o see_v not_o be_v call_v the_o horiâ—…on_n and_o that_o point_n which_o be_v direct_o over_o our_o â—…eads_n in_o our_o hemisphere_n and_o be_v
up_o their_o opinion_n in_o writing_n and_o arbitrator_n forthwith_o have_v be_v call_v about_o it_o oâ—…_n which_o number_n it_o be_v my_o chance_n to_o be_v choose_v fâ—…_n one_o there_o be_v indeed_o among_o they_o many_o excellent_a both_o mathematician_n and_o 〈◊〉_d but_o those_o that_o profess_v the_o mathematics_n be_v altogether_o unexperienced_a in_o nautical_a affair_n anâ—…_n the_o navigator_n be_v as_o ignorant_a of_o astronomâ—…call_n beside_o these_o author_n of_o who_o we_o be_v 〈◊〉_d pass_v our_o judgement_n perform_v nothing_o worth_a 〈◊〉_d great_a expectation_n neither_o have_v that_o englishman_n who_o write_v a_o book_n three_o year_n since_o of_o the_o magnet_n produce_v anything_o answerable_a to_o thâ—…_n great_a opinion_n be_v raise_v of_o it_o i_o myself_o hauâ—…_n often_o propose_v to_o these_o mathematician_n that_o profess_v in_o this_o place_n a_o thing_n which_o it_o seem_v can_v never_o sink_v into_o their_o head_n insomuch_o that_o they_o entertain_v it_o with_o scorn_n and_o laughter_n hipparchus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v in_o that_o merry_a conceit_n of_o the_o eight_o sphere_n move_a towards_o thâ—…_n east_n and_o so_o persuade_v ptolemy_n that_o the_o fixâ—…d_a star_n in_o the_o eight_o sphere_n move_v all_o in_o the_o same_o order_n situation_n and_o distance_n from_o each_o other_o towards_o the_o east_n which_o ptolemy_n so_o confirm_v that_o it_o have_v be_v a_o heinous_a matter_n for_o posterity_n to_o have_v doubt_v of_o the_o same_o and_o first_o of_o all_o within_o the_o memory_n of_o our_o father_n nicolaus_n copernicus_n that_o great_a restorer_n of_o astronomy_n perceive_v the_o weakness_n of_o this_o conceit_n of_o hipparchus_n and_o withal_o observe_v that_o the_o eight_o sphere_n do_v not_o move_v towards_o the_o east_n but_o that_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n go_v forward_o inâ—…o_o the_o precedent_a sign_n and_o this_o he_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o this_o observation_n of_o he_o he_o only_o naked_o propose_v without_o any_o demonstration_n at_o all_o but_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o star_n have_v not_o as_o hipparchus_n and_o ptolemy_n dream_n go_v on_o to_o the_o subsequent_a part_n and_o that_o the_o cynosure_n or_o polar_a star_n be_v at_o the_o same_o distanoe_n from_o pole_n in_o eudoxus_n his_o time_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n for_o proof_n of_o which_o assertion_n i_o have_v collect_v many_o instance_n which_o be_v grant_v the_o procession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n must_v necessary_o follow_v for_o one_o of_o these_o two_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v to_o wit_n either_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o eight_o sphere_n towards_o the_o east_n or_o else_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n into_o the_o precedent_a sign_n now_o that_o the_o first_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v appear_v manifest_o because_o that_o the_o fix_a star_n have_v not_o 〈◊〉_d all_o â—…hanged_v their_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o polâ—…_n since_o eudoxus_n his_o time_n therefore_o the_o other_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n therefore_o have_v go_v forward_o to_o the_o antâ—…cedent_a sign_n which_o proposition_n notwithstanding_o the_o great_a copernicus_n have_v no_o way_n to_o demonstrate_v 〈◊〉_d out_o of_o the_o phaenomena_n by_o which_o that_o other_o motion_n may_v as_o well_o be_v defend_v as_o â—…his_n we_o therefore_o now_o have_v this_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o what_o be_v it_o even_o nothing_o else_o bâ—…_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n into_o the_o precedent_a sign_n now_o if_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n beâ—…_n movable_a and_o the_o equinoctial_a câ—…cle_n bâ—…e_v deâ—…cribed_v by_o these_o point_n the_o equinoctial_a circle_n â—…hen_o must_v needs_o be_v movable_a also_o which_o be_v as_o true_a as_o truth_n itself_o and_o if_o the_o equinoctial_a circle_n be_v movable_a his_o pole_n must_v be_v movable_a also_o and_o so_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a must_v be_v divers_a from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n for_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n be_v immovable_a but_o this_o movable_a beside_o all_o the_o meridian_n circle_n do_v pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o in_o the_o superficies_n of_o stone_n diall_n the_o meridian_n line_n which_o be_v draw_v for_o the_o place_n of_o the_o sun_n dial_n be_v understand_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a which_o be_v confess_v by_o all_o man_n and_o be_v most_o true_a but_o because_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v movable_a the_o meridian_n line_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o same_o must_v be_v movable_a also_o and_o therefore_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o after_o some_o certain_a number_n of_o year_n there_o will_v be_v no_o further_o use_v of_o these_o meridian_n line_n in_o the_o design_v of_o the_o hour_n in_o diall_n but_o a_o new_a meridian_n line_n must_v be_v take_v and_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o dial_n alter_v though_o not_o the_o dial_n itself_o we_o may_v therefore_o conclude_v that_o the_o sun_n diall_n after_o some_o certain_a time_n will_v prove_v false_a unless_o the_o meridian_n line_n be_v rectify_v this_o be_v demonstrate_v of_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o the_o mathematitck_n but_o beside_o this_o we_o have_v some_o notable_a instance_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_n which_o do_v manefest_o evince_v that_o after_o some_o term_n of_o year_n sun_n diall_n do_v not_o agree_v to_o their_o first_o designation_n all_o which_o i_o have_v diligent_o collect_v these_o thing_n thus_o demonstrate_v i_o propose_v they_o to_o these_o mathematician_n that_o because_o the_o whole_a business_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n have_v dependence_n upon_o these_o meridian_n they_o will_v consider_v whether_o or_o no_o this_o doctrine_n by_o i_o first_o propose_v may_v open_v the_o way_n to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n etc._n etc._n thus_o far_o scaliger_n let_v we_o now_o hear_v tycho_n inaequalitatis_fw-la inquit_fw-la circa_fw-la motum_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o the_o reason_n say_v he_o of_o the_o inaequality_n observe_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n or_o as_o copernicus_n call_v it_o the_o anticipation_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n which_o be_v a_o very_a subtle_a and_o ingenious_a speculation_n of_o his_o own_o that_o so_o he_o may_v reconcile_v and_o maintain_v the_o invention_n of_o all_o that_o go_v before_o he_o that_o this_o conceit_n i_o say_v do_v not_o constare_fw-la sibi_fw-la these_o 70._o year_n observation_n of_o the_o star_n call_v spica_fw-la virgin_n since_o his_o first_o observe_v the_o same_o do_v manifest_o prove_v for_o in_o this_o space_n of_o time_n the_o reciprocation_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n or_o promotion_n of_o the_o star_n be_v swift_a by_o much_o than_o he_o conceive_v it_o will_v have_v be_v so_o that_o whereas_o now_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v finish_v but_o one_o degree_n in_o a_o hundred_o year_n space_n or_o thereabouts_o they_o finish_v the_o same_o in_o 70._o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o year_n be_v not_o so_o slow_a as_o he_o imagine_v it_o to_o be_v as_o appear_v plain_o by_o that_o we_o have_v deliver_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n for_o these_o two_o thing_n do_v mutual_o cohere_v together_o in_o copernicus_n that_o when_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o year_n be_v great_a the_o motion_n of_o though_o fix_a star_n shall_v then_o be_v slow_a but_o these_o thing_n the_o accurate_a observatâ—…_n once_o of_o these_o present_a year_n do_v manifest_o elude_v for_o as_o much_o as_o they_o do_v not_o answer_v his_o periodicall_a restitution_n thus_o these_o two_o great_a light_n of_o our_o time_n tycho_n and_o scaliger_n to_o who_o we_o may_v add_v the_o opinion_n of_o our_o countryman_n dr._n gilbert_n who_o in_o his_o 6_o book_n de_fw-fr magnete_n will_v have_v the_o praecession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o magnetical_a motâ—…n_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o this_o be_v that_o englishman_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v gather_v who_o scaliger_n mention_n in_o his_o forecited_n epistle_n unto_o who_o i_o refer_v you_o for_o satisfaction_n in_o this_o point_n in_o his_o lib._n 6._o cap._n 8._o the_o first_o star_n of_o aries_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o meton_n the_o athenian_a be_v in_o the_o very_a vernal_a intersection_n in_o the_o time_n of_o thales_n milesius_n be_v two_o degree_n before_o the_o intersection_n the_o same_o in_o timochares_n his_o time_n be_v behind_o it_o two_o degree_n 24._o minute_n in_o hipparchus_n time_n 4._o degree_n 40._o minute_n in_o albumasars_n time_n 17._o dâ—…grees_n 50._o minute_n in_o albarenius_fw-la his_o time_n 18._o degree_n 10_o minute_n in_o arzachels_n time_n 19_o degree_n 37._o minute_n in_o alphonsus_n his_o time_n 23._o degreeâ—…_n 48._o minute_n in_o copernicus_n and_o rhoeticus_fw-la his_o time_n 27._o degree_n 21._o minute_n whence_o franciscus_n baroccius_n be_v convince_v of_o
as_o be_v already_o show_v as_o 11_o to_o 2._o the_o cube_n therefore_o of_o the_o sun_n be_v 11._o and_o the_o cube_n of_o the_o earth_n 2._o now_o these_o diameter_n be_v multiply_v cubical_o and_o thae_n great_a cube_n divide_v by_o the_o less_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o severaell_a globe_n will_v appear_v for_o if_o you_o multiply_v 11._o by_o 11._o there_o arise_v 121._o which_o number_n be_v multiply_v again_o by_o 11._o the_o whole_a will_v be_v 1331._o so_o likewise_o multiply_v 2._o cubical_o that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o itself_o and_o there_o rise_v 4._o which_o be_v again_o multiply_v by_o 2_o arise_v to_o 8._o now_o divide_v the_o great_a cube_n 1331._o by_o 8._o and_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 166._o which_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n and_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v we_o to_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o planet_n and_o if_o any_o desire_v a_o more_o copious_a narration_n of_o the_o same_o they_o may_v have_v recourse_n to_o ptolemy_n copernicus_n and_o other_o that_o have_v write_v the_o theory_n of_o the_o planet_n for_o a_o more_o large_a description_n of_o these_o thing_n seam_n not_o â—…o_o stand_v without_o purpose_n especial_o for_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o erratical_a motion_n they_o can_v be_v express_v in_o a_o globe_n let_v thus_o much_o therefore_o be_v spokn_v of_o they_o as_o by_o the_o way_n only_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o their_o constellation_n and_o here_o in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o intend_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o their_o asterism_n or_o constellation_n which_o pliny_n call_v signa_n and_o sidera_fw-la sign_n concern_v the_o number_n of_o which_o constellation_n as_o also_o of_o their_o figure_n name_n and_o number_n of_o the_o star_n they_o consist_v of_o there_o be_v diversity_n of_o opinion_n among_o author_n for_o pliny_n in_o his_o 2_o book_n 41._o chap._n reckon_v the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o sign_n to_o be_v 72._o but_o ptolemy_n alfraganus_n and_o those_o which_o follow_v they_o acknowledge_v but_o 48._o for_o the_o most_o part_n notwithstanding_o some_o have_v add_v to_o this_o number_n one_o or_o two_o more_o as_o berenice_n hair_n and_o antinous_n germanicus_n caesar_n and_o festus_n avienus_n rufus_n follow_v aratus_n make_v the_o number_n less_o julius_n higinus_n will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v but_o 42._o reckone_v the_o serpent_n and_o the_o man_n that_o hold_v it_o for_o one_o sign_n and_o he_o omit_v the_o little_a horse_n and_o do_v not_o number_n libra_n among_o the_o sign_n but_o he_o divide_v scorpio_n into_o two_o sign_n as_o many_o other_o also_o do_v neither_o do_v he_o reckon_v the_o crow_n the_o wolf_n nor_o the_o south_n crown_n among_o his_o constellation_n but_o only_o name_v they_o by_o the_o way_n the_o bull_n also_o which_o be_v describe_v to_o appear_v but_o half_a by_o hipparchus_n and_o ptolemy_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v they_o the_o same_o be_v make_v to_o be_v whole_o apparent_a both_o by_o vitruvius_n and_o pliny_n and_o also_o before_o they_o by_o nicander_n if_o we_o may_v believe_v theon_n aratus_n his_o scholiast_n who_o also_o place_n the_o pleyade_n in_o his_o back_n concern_v the_o number_n also_o of_o the_o star_n that_o go_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o each_o constellation_n author_n do_v very_o much_o differ_v from_o ptolemy_n as_o namely_o julius_n higinus_n the_o commentator_n upon_o germanicus_n whether_o it_o be_v bassus_n as_o philander_n call_v he_o or_o whether_o those_o commentary_n be_v write_v by_o germanicus_n himself_o as_o some_o desire_n to_o prove_v out_o of_o lactantius_n and_o sometime_o also_o theon_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o aratus_n and_o alfraganus_n very_o often_o now_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o other_o reason_n there_o be_v why_o these_o constellation_n have_v be_v call_v by_o these_o name_n save_v only_o that_o the_o position_n of_o the_o star_n do_v in_o some_o sort_n seem_v to_o express_v the_o form_n of_o the_o thing_n signify_v by_o the_o same_o you_o may_v read_v bassus_n and_o julius_n higinus_n abundant_o discourse_v of_o this_o argument_n out_o of_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o greek_n pliny_n assure_v we_o if_o at_o least_o we_o may_v believe_v he_o that_o hipparchus_n be_v the_o man_n that_o first_o deliver_v to_o posterity_n the_o name_n magnitude_n and_o place_n of_o the_o star_n but_o they_o be_v call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n before_o hipparchus_n his_o time_n by_o timochares_n aratus_n and_o eudoxus_n neither_o be_v hipparchus_n ancient_a than_o aratus_n as_o theon_n will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v for_o the_o one_o flourish_v about_o the_o 420._o year_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o olympiad_n as_o appear_v plain_o out_o of_o his_o life_n write_v by_o a_o greek_a author_n but_o hipparchus_n live_v above_o 600._o yearâ—…s_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o olympiad_n as_o his_o observation_n deliver_v unto_o we_o by_o ptolemy_n do_v sufficient_o testify_v beside_o that_o there_o be_v extant_a certain_a commentary_n upon_o the_o phaenomena_n of_o eudoxus_n and_o arratus_fw-la which_o go_v under_o hipparchus_n his_o name_n unless_o perhaps_o they_o be_v write_v by_o eratosthenes_n as_o some_o rather_o think_v who_o yet_o be_v before_o hipparchus_n pont_n that_o which_o be_v write_v of_o hipparchus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v any_o further_a then_o touch_v the_o distinction_n of_o the_o star_n of_o the_o first_o second_o and_o three_o magnitude_n for_o so_o servius_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o the_o 1._o lib._n geogr_n hipparchus_n inquit_fw-la scripâ—…it_fw-la de_fw-la signis_fw-la etc._n etc._n hipparchus_n say_v he_o write_v of_o the_o sign_n and_o reckon_v up_o how_o many_o bright_a star_n how_o many_o of_o the_o second_o degree_n of_o light_n and_o how_o many_o obscure_a star_n there_o be_v in_o each_o constellation_n for_o otherwise_o that_o the_o star_n be_v know_v by_o the_o same_o name_n 1000_o year_n before_o hipparchtus_fw-la may_v be_v prove_v cut_v of_o seneca_n who_o in_o his_o 7._o lib._n natural_a quest._n chap_n 25_o say_v thus_o nondum_fw-la sunt_fw-la anâ—…i_fw-la etc._n etc._n it_o be_v not_o say_v he_o 1500._o year_n yet_o since_o greece_n first_o begin_v to_o number_v the_o star_n and_o to_o give_v they_o certain_a appellation_n now_o seneca_n we_o know_v be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o command_n of_o nero_n in_o the_o 65._o year_n after_o christ_n and_o hipparchus_n live_v not_o above_o 283._o year_n before_o christ_n in_o the_o time_n of_o ptolemy_n philadelphus_n and_o job_n also_o who_o philo_n judaeus_n report_v to_o have_v marry_v 〈◊〉_d jacob_n daughter_n mention_v these_o name_n arcturus_n pleiades_n and_o orion_n if_o we_o may_v trust_v st._n hierom_n translation_n in_o this_o case_n cap._n 9_o verse_n 9_o who_o make_v say_v he_o arcturus_n orion_n and_o pleyade_n and_o the_o star_n in_o the_o remoâ—…st_a part_n of_o the_o south_n so_o likewise_o the_o prophet_n be_o 〈◊〉_d chap_n 5_o vers_fw-la 8._o quaerite_fw-la inquiet_a opificem_fw-la pleiadum_fw-la &_o orionis_n etc._n etc._n seek_v you_o he_o that_o make_v the_o pleyade_n and_o orion_n etc._n etc._n now_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o man_n that_o reduce_v the_o star_n into_o constellation_n and_o these_o may_v probable_o be_v husbandman_n and_o mariner_n the_o husbandman_n perhaps_o may_v make_v these_o to_o wit_n the_o ram_n the_o bull_n the_o eâ—…e_n of_o corn_n in_o the_o virgin_n hand_n the_o young_a kid_n the_o goat_n the_o waggoner_n the_o little_a goat_n the_o wagon_n all_o which_o be_v name_n use_v also_o by_o homer_n of_o the_o mariner_n the_o pleyade_n the_o hyades_n the_o whale_n and_o the_o like_a name_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v invent_v according_a to_o that_o of_o virgil_n in_o the_o first_o of_o his_o georgicke_n nauâ—…ta_fw-la tuâ—…_n stellis_fw-la numeros_fw-la &_o nomina_fw-la fecit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d des_fw-fr hyades_n clarumque_fw-la lycaonis_fw-la astâ—…m_fw-la which_o be_v thus_o translate_v into_o english_a verse_n by_o t._n may._n the_o sailor_n number_n then_o and_o name_v 〈◊〉_d star_n the_o pleiad_n hyads_z and_o the_o northern_a car_n and_o now_o to_o who_o do_v those_o other_o new_a constellation_n above_o the_o antarctic_a pole_n we_o their_o now_o so_o well_o know_v name_n but_o to_o the_o portugal_n hollander_n and_o english_a seafaring_a man_n neither_o be_v those_o man_n at_o all_o to_o be_v regard_v that_o condemn_v these_o usual_a name_n of_o the_o star_n and_o constellation_n as_o unfit_a to_o be_v use_v by_o christian_a man_n for_o see_v they_o be_v now_o use_v without_o the_o least_o show_n of_o superstirion_n and_o that_o there_o be_v very_o great_a necessity_n of_o these_o appellation_n in_o as_o much_o as_o without_o they_o there_o can_v be_v no_o agreement_n or_o accord_n in_o these_o art_n and_o cience_n for_o these_o very_a name_n be_v use_v
thing_n join_v â—…ther_o so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v doubt_v whether_o oâ—…_n no_o this_o name_n may_v not_o be_v as_o well_o apply_v to_o any_o two_o star_n stand_v close_o by_o one_o another_o and_o the_o the_o last_o bright_a star_n in_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v call_v acharnahar_n as_o if_o you_o shall_v say_v behind_o the_o river_n or_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o river_n and_o it_o be_v common_o call_v acarnar_n pont_n avienus_n call_v this_o river_n nilus_n in_o these_o verse_n of_o he_o pharium_fw-la pars_fw-la altera_fw-la nilum_n amne_fw-la commemorate_fw-la largo_fw-la sâ—…getes_n quòd_fw-la nutriat_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o the_o other_o part_n relate_v of_o fruitful_a nile_n who_o swell_a stream_n enrich_v the_o pharian_a i_o will_v and_o plautus_n also_o have_v a_o elegant_a periphrasis_n of_o the_o same_o in_o his_o trinummus_n scen._n huic_fw-la ego_fw-la where_o be_v speak_v thus_o ad_fw-la caput_fw-la amnis_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la coelo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sub_fw-la solio_fw-la lovis_fw-la relate_v it_o as_o of_o a_o river_n that_o shall_v spring_v out_o in_o the_o heaven_n from_o under_o jupiter_n throne_n the_o forth_o be_v lepus_fw-la the_o hare_n in_o arabic_a alâ—…bet_n and_o it_o contain_v in_o all_o 12._o star_n the_o five_o be_v canis_n the_o dog_n alcheleb_n alachbar_n in_o arabic_a the_o great_a dog_n and_o alsahare_v aliemalija_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o right_a hand_n or_o southern_a dog_n which_o name_n alsabare_n which_o be_v also_o sometime_o write_v scera_n scaliger_n think_v be_v derive_v from_o a_o arabic_a word_n which_o signify_v the_o same_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a a_o disease_n that_o mad_a dog_n be_v trouble_v with_o when_o as_o they_o can_v endure_v to_o come_v near_o any_o water_n notwithstanding_o grotius_n be_v in_o doubt_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o shall_v not_o rather_o be_v elseiri_n and_o so_o derive_v from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o by_o this_o name_n be_v that_o notable_a bright_a star_n call_v which_o be_v in_o the_o dog_n mouth_n and_o be_v call_v in_o arabic_a gabbir_n or_o ecber_v and_o by_o corruption_n habor_n this_o constellation_n have_v in_o it_o 11._o star_n the_o six_o be_v the_o little_a dog_n call_v in_o greek_a procyon_n and_o in_o latin_a antecanis_n because_o it_o rise_v before_o the_o great_a dog_n the_o arabian_n call_v it_o alcheleb_n alasgar_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o lesser_a dog_n and_o alsahare_v alsemalija_o and_o common_o though_o corrupt_o algomeiza_n the_o left_a hand_n or_o northern_a dog_n this_o asterisme_n consist_v of_o two_o star_n only_o pont_n there_o be_v extant_a a_o noble_a witty_a epigram_n in_o ausonius_n of_o the_o celestial_a terestriall_a and_o marine_a dog_n which_o may_v have_v reference_n to_o this_o place_n also_o if_o so_o be_v that_o it_o be_v present_v in_o its_o proper_a meaning_n after_o this_o manner_n trinacrij_fw-la quondam_a currentem_fw-la in_o littoris_fw-la ora_fw-la antecanis_fw-la seporem_fw-la coeruleus_fw-la rapuit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d at_o lepus_fw-la in_o i_o omnis_fw-la terrae_fw-la pelagique_fw-la ruina_fw-la foâ—…i_fw-la a_o &_o doeli_fw-la si_fw-la canis_fw-la astra_fw-la tenet_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o at_o once_o a_o hare_n come_v light_o trip_v over_o the_o sandy_a bank_n of_o the_o trinacrian_a shore_n a_o dog_n fish_n catch_v she_o where_o at_o she_o reply_v land_n star_n and_o all_o be_v still_o my_o enemy_n nor_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d yet_o be_v more_o secure_a i_o fear_v in_o heaven_n itself_o if_o dog_n they_o bar_v bour_o there_o in_o which_o place_n antecanis_n coeruleus_fw-la in_o the_o second_o verse_n signify_v a_o sea-dog_n yet_o this_o place_n hitherto_o have_v common_o go_v thus_o ante_fw-la cane_n lepoâ—…m_n etc._n etc._n without_o any_o sense_n at_o all_o now_o the_o poet_n in_o this_o place_n use_v this_o word_n antecanis_n in_o â—…ation_n of_o tully_n who_o first_o of_o all_o latin_a author_n render_v procyon_n antecanis_n as_o manifest_o appear_v out_o of_o his_o translation_n of_o aratus_n into_o latin_a verse_n the_o seven_o be_v argo_n the_o ship_n in_o arabic_a alsephâ—…a_n now_o sephâ—…a_n signify_v ship_n it_o be_v also_o call_v merkâ—…b_n which_o signify_v a_o chariot_n according_a as_o the_o poet_n 〈◊〉_d usual_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o one_o shall_v say_v a_o sea-chariot_n instead_o of_o a_o ship_n but_o the_o alsonsine_n give_v this_o appellation_n to_o that_o 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v the_o 6._o in_o number_n the_o whole_a asterisme_n contain_v in_o it_o 45._o star_n of_o all_o which_o that_o which_o be_v the_o last_o save_v one_o be_v call_v in_o a_o abique_fw-la sohel_n or_o syhel_n which_o signify_v ponderous_n or_o weighty_a which_o appellation_n they_o perhaps_o have_v give_v it_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o bassus_n have_v another_o like_o it_o which_o be_v terrestris_fw-la because_o it_o always_o appear_v to_o they_o very_o low_a and_o near_o the_o earth_n the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d this_o star_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hebrew_n chesil_n as_o christmannus_n be_v of_o opinion_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o then_o arâ—…as_v montanus_n be_v in_o a_o error_n in_o take_v it_o for_o orion_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o itinâ—…rary_a of_o benjamin_n tudelensis_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o aâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d call_v it_o a_o horse_n as_o prolomy_n affirm_v in_o his_o geogra_fw-la lib._n 5._o cap._n 7._o the_o eight_o be_v hydra_n in_o arabic_a alsugahh_n or_o asuta_n which_o signify_v strong_a or_o furious_a the_o aegyptinas_fw-la call_v it_o nilus_n as_o theon_n write_v in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o aratus_n it_o have_v in_o it_o 25._o star_n beside_o two_o unformed_a the_o 12._o of_o which_o the_o alphonsine_n call_v alphart_n the_o nine_o be_v crater_n the_o cup_n in_o arabic_a albatina_fw-la and_o elkis_n which_o signify_v a_o goblet_n or_o stand_v cup._n it_o have_v in_o it_o 7_o star_n the_o ten_o be_v corvus_n the_o crow_n algorab_n in_o arabic_a consist_v of_o 7._o star_n the_o eleven_o be_v centaurus_n the_o centaur_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n in_o arabic_a it_o contain_v 37._o star_n among_o which_o those_o that_o be_v in_o his_o hinder_a foot_n be_v the_o star_n that_o make_v up_o the_o cross_n so_o much_o celebrate_v in_o the_o spanish_a navigation_n the_o twelve_o be_v fera_fw-fr the_o wild_a beast_n call_v in_o arabic_a asida_n signify_v a_o lioness_n and_o alsubahh_n which_o also_o be_v take_v for_o a_o wolf_n or_o other_o ravenous_a beast_n to_o this_o constellation_n they_o reckon_v 19_o star_n the_o thirteen_o be_v ara_n or_o thuribulum_n the_o altar_n or_o censer_n in_o arabic_a almugamra_n bassus_n call_v it_o sacrarium_fw-la it_o contain_v 7._o star_n the_o fourteen_o be_v corona_n australis_fw-la the_o south_n crown_n in_o arabic_a alachil_n algenubi_fw-la it_o consist_v of_o 13._o star_n make_v up_o a_o double_a wreath_n according_a to_o alfraganus_n yet_o theon_n reckon_v but_o 12._o in_o it_o the_o fifteen_o be_v piscis_fw-la austrinus_fw-la the_o south_n fish_n ahaut_n algenubi_fw-la in_o arabic_a it_o containtain_v in_o it_o 12._o star_n in_o ptolemy_n account_n but_o 11_o only_o according_a to_o alfraganus_n among_o which_o the_o bright_a one_o that_o be_v in_o his_o mouth_n be_v callâ—…d_v phom_n ahut_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o common_o by_o corruption_n fomahant_n there_o be_v also_o describe_v in_o the_o celestial_a globe_n a_o certain_a broad_a zone_n or_o circle_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o milk_n which_o represent_v that_o which_o appeareâ—…h_v in_o the_o heavenâ—…_n and_o be_v common_o call_v via_fw-la lactea_fw-la â—…he_o milkev_v way_n which_o zone_n or_o circle_n be_v nâ—…t_o draw_v regular_o or_o equal_o either_o in_o respect_n of_o latitude_n colour_n or_o frequency_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v differenc_n and_o various_a bâ—…th_v in_o â—…rm_n and_o â—…tion_n in_o â—…ome_a place_n appear_v but_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d circle_n and_o again_o in_o other_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o part_n the_o delineation_n wheâ—…eof_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o globe_n and_o the_o dâ—…scription_n more_o large_o set_v down_o by_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o aâ—…megest_v lib._n 8._o cap._n 2._o pont_n this_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n have_v in_o it_o 7_o star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o right_a shoulder_n of_o oriâ—…n_n the_o second_o in_o his_o left_a scot_n the_o three_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o river_n eridanus_n the_o four_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a dog_n which_o they_o call_v siriuâ—…_n the_o sifih_o in_o the_o thigh_n of_o the_o little_a dog_n call_v procyon_n the_o six_o be_v canobus_n in_o the_o ship_n argo_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v in_o the_o right_a foot_n of_o the_o câ—…ntaure_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v of_o the_o second_o magnitude_n 18._o of_o the_o three_o 60._o of_o the_o four_o 168._o of_o the_o five_o
brightness_n as_o that_o no_o sign_n in_o the_o heaven_n may_v be_v compare_v with_o they_o and_o now_o that_o you_o have_v hear_v this_o so_o strange_a and_o admirable_a relation_n of_o the_o star_n about_o the_o antarctique_a pole_n auditum_fw-la admissi_fw-la risum_fw-la teneatis_fw-la for_o vespuccius_n have_v here_o forge_v three_o canobi_n whereas_o ptolemy_n and_o all_o the_o ancient_a greek_n never_o know_v but_o one_o and_o that_o be_v it_o which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o ship_n argo_n and_o here_o it_o be_v very_o well_o worth_a our_o note_n that_o patricius_n as_o far_o as_o i_o be_o able_a to_o gather_v out_o of_o his_o write_n out_o of_o vespuccius_n his_o ill_a express_a language_n and_o by_o he_o worse_o understand_v have_v very_o excellent_o frame_v to_o himself_o a_o strange_a kind_n of_o star_n that_o have_v in_o apparent_a diameter_n 32._o degree_n whereas_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o sun_n itself_o hardly_o attain_v to_o 32._o minute_n but_o those_o thing_n which_o out_o of_o our_o own_o certain_a knowledge_n and_o experience_n in_o above_o a_o year_n voyage_n on_o sea_n in_o the_o year_n 1591._o and_o 1592._o we_o have_v observe_v beyond_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o about_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n we_o will_v here_o set_v down_o now_o therefore_o there_o be_v but_o three_o star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n that_o i_o can_v perceive_v in_o all_o those_o part_n which_o be_v never_o see_v here_o in_o england_n all_o which_o notwithstanding_o ptolemy_n see_v in_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v that_o bright_a star_n in_o the_o stern_n of_o argo_n which_o they_o call_v canobus_n the_o second_o be_v in_o the_o end_n of_o eridanus_n the_o three_o be_v in_o the_o right_a foot_n of_o the_o centaur_n to_o which_o if_o you_o will_v add_v for_o a_o four_o that_o which_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o centaur_n left_a knee_n i_o shall_v not_o much_o stand_n against_o it_o but_o other_o star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n than_o these_o which_o i_o have_v name_v that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n can_v show_v we_o neither_o be_v there_o to_o be_v find_v scarce_o two_o or_o three_o at_o the_o most_o of_o the_o second_o magnitude_n but_o what_o ptolemy_n have_v see_v and_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n that_o have_v so_o few_o star_n in_o it_o and_o those_o of_o so_o small_a light_n as_o this_o near_a about_o the_o antarctique_a pole_n we_o have_v a_o sight_n also_o of_o those_o cloud_n andreas_n corsalius_n speak_v of_o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v almost_o twice_o or_o thrice_o as_o big_a as_o the_o other_o and_o in_o colour_n something_o like_o the_o via_fw-la lactea_fw-la and_o neither_o of_o they_o very_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o pole_n our_o mariner_n use_v to_o call_v they_o magellanes_n cloud_n and_o we_o see_v also_o that_o strange_a and_o admirable_a cross_n which_o he_o talk_v of_o which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v crusero_n and_o our_o countryman_n the_o crusier_n and_o the_o star_n of_o which_o this_o cross_n consist_v be_v not_o unknown_a to_o ptolemy_n also_o for_o they_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o bright_a star_n which_o be_v in_o the_o centaur_n foot_n all_o which_o thing_n i_o do_v the_o more_o diligent_o and_o often_o observe_v for_o that_o i_o remember_v that_o i_o have_v read_v in_o cardan_n also_o strange_a relation_n of_o the_o wonderful_a magnitude_n of_o the_o star_n about_o the_o south_n pole_n not_o unlike_o the_o story_n he_o have_v now_o allege_v out_o of_o patricius_n pont_n the_o name_n of_o the_o constellation_n of_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n as_o they_o have_v be_v now_o late_o observe_v and_o name_v by_o the_o portugal_n and_o other_o be_v these_o the_o south_n triangle_n the_o crane_n the_o phoenix_n the_o water_n serpent_n the_o dorado_n or_o gilthead_a fish_n situate_v in_o the_o very_a pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o chamaeleon_n with_o the_o fly_n the_o fly_a fish_n the_o bird_n of_o paradise_n the_o peacock_n the_o naked_a indian_a birdâ—…oucan_n â—…oucan_z or_o brasilian_n pye_n all_o which_o be_v accurateâ—…y_o portrait_v in_o the_o globe_n set_v four_o by_o hondius_n among_o all_o these_o there_o be_v no_o star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n hut_n of_o the_o 2._o seven_o of_o the_o 3._o six_o of_o the_o 4._o thirty_o five_o of_o the_o 5._o fifty_o six_o of_o the_o 6._o eleven_o with_o six_o unsorm_v and_o two_o cloudy_a star_n beside_o the_o two_o cloud_n themselves_o now_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o stats_n in_o this_o southern_a part_n beside-the_a cloudy_a one_o be_v 121._o which_o be_v add_v to_o 1022._o the_o whole_a sum_n will_v bâ—…e_v 1143._o of_o which_o 1022._o be_v reckon_v before_o by_o our_o â—…uthor_n out_o of_o ptolemy_n only_o there_o be_v a_o scruple_n cast_v in_o our_o way_n by_o those_o word_n of_o pliny_n in_o his_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 41._o patrocinaâ—…ur_fw-fr vastitas_fw-la coeli_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o this_o opinion_n saâ—…th_v he_o be_v second_v also_o by_o the_o vast_a nâ—…sse_n and_o immensity_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v distinguish_v into_o 72._o sign_n all_o which_o be_v the_o resemblance_n either_o of_o live_a creature_n or_o other_o thing_n according_a as_o they_o have_v be_v reduce_v into_o method_n and_o order_n by_o the_o skilful_a in_o those_o arts._n among_o which_o constellation_n they_o have_v observe_v 1600._o star_n all_o which_o be_v not_o able_a either_o in_o their_o effect_n or_o magnitude_n where_o we_o see_v that_o â—…ee_n account_v the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o star_n to_o be_v 1600_o whereas_o ptolemy_n after_o he_o acknawledge_v only_o 1022._o so_o likewise_o he_o reckon_v the_o sign_n or_o astâ—…rismes_n to_o be_v be_v in_o all_o 72._o which_o yet_o in_o hipparchus_n eudâ—…xus_n and_o ptolemy_n account_n be_v but_o 48._o scaligâ—…r_o in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o manilius_n pag_n 67._o that_o he_o may_v untie_v this_o knot_n read_v these_o word_n of_o pliny_n thus_o patrocinatur_fw-la vastitas_fw-la coeli_fw-la immensa_fw-la altitudine_fw-la discreta_fw-la in_o duo_fw-la de_fw-la l_o signa_fw-la etc._n etc._n where_o for_o seventy_o two_o he_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v want_v two_o which_o be_v 48._o the_o jâ—…st_a number_n reckon_v by_o ptolemy_n but_o yet_o the_o same_o doubt_n still_o remain_v in_o the_o ensue_a word_n where_o he_o make_v the_o whole_a number_n of_o the_o star_n to_o be_v 1600._o i_o find_v also_o two_o other_o sign_n add_v to_o the_o former_a southern_a constellatiâ—…ns_n which_o be_v noah_n dove_n aâ—…d_v the_o phoenicopter_fw-mi the_o first_o of_o which_o contain_v in_o it_o 11._o star_n of_o which_o there_o be_v two_o in_o the_o back_n of_o it_o of_o the_o second_o magnitude_n which_o they_o call_v the_o good_a 〈◊〉_d or_o briâ—…gers_n of_o good_a news_n and_o those_o in_o the_o right_a wing_n be_v consecrate_v to_o the_o appâ—…d_a deity_n and_o those_o in_o the_o lest_o to_o the_o retire_v of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n the_o phoenicopter_fw-la we_o may_v call_v the_o â—…ittou_n of_o this_o bird_n marâ—…iall_n have_v a_o epigram_n lib._n 13._o that_o mihi_fw-la penna_fw-la rubens_fw-la nomen_fw-la sed_fw-la lingua_fw-la guâ—…osis_n nostra_fw-la placet_fw-la quid_fw-la si_fw-la garrula_fw-la lingua_fw-la foret_fw-la the_o spaniard_n call_v it_o flamengo_n and_o it_o be_v describe_v with_o the_o wing_n spread_v abroad_o and_o as_o it_o be_v strike_v with_o his_o bill_n at_o the_o south_n fish_n in_o that_o part_n where_o he_o bow_v himself_o this_o asterisme_n consist_v of_o 13_o star_n â—…nf_a whiâ—…h_n that_o of_o the_o second_o magnitude_n in_o his_o head_n be_v call_v the_o phoenic_a pâ—…rs_n eye_n and_o it_o have_v â—…wo_o other_o tar_n also_o of_o the_o same_o magnituâ—…e_n one_o in_o his_o back_n and_o the_o other_o in_o his_o lâ—…twing_n and_o those_o two_o which_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o neck_n paulus_n merula_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o his_o cosmography_n call_v his_o collar_n or_o chain_n last_o we_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o indianâ—…_n call_v the_o south_n pole_n dramasa_n for_o so_o pliny_n testify_v in_o his_o lib._n 6._o cap._n 19_o austrinum_fw-la polum_fw-la indi_fw-it drammasa_n vocant_fw-la the_o three_o part_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o geographical_a description_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n and_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o know_v dionysius_n afer_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o perigesis_n say_v that_o the_o whole_a earth_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a vast_a island_n encompass_v about_o on_o every_o side_n with_o â—…e_a ocean_n the_o same_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o homer_n also_o before_o he_o aâ—…d_v of_o eratosthenes_n who_o dionysius_n be_v observe_v by_o eustathius_n his_o scholiast_n to_o follow_v in_o many_o thing_n as_o be_v witness_v by_o strabo_n the_o same_o be_v affirm_v by_o
betwixt_o syene_n and_o alexandria_n be_v common_o set_v down_o by_o eratosthenes_n pliny_n and_o strabo_n to_o be_v 5000._o furlong_n if_o therefore_o 5000._o be_v multiply_v by_o 50._o the_o whole_a will_v arise_v to_o 250000._o which_o be_v the_o number_n of_o furlong_n 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n by_o eratosthenes_n posidonius_n proceed_v after_o another_o method_n though_o not_o unlike_o this_o labour_v to_o prove_v the_o whole_a circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o contain_v 240000._o furlong_n and_o first_o he_o take_v for_o grant_v which_o be_v also_o acknowledge_v by_o ptolemy_n lib._n 5._o câ—…p_n 3._o almage_a that_o rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n be_v situate_a under_o the_o same_o meridian_n now_o that_o bright_a star_n in_o the_o stern_a of_o argo_n which_o they_o call_v canobus_n and_o which_o never_o appear_v in_o greece_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o aratus_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o it_o first_o begin_v to_o appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n at_o rhodes_n but_o it_o do_v but_o stringere_fw-la horizontem_fw-la just_a touch_n the_o horizon_n and_o so_o upon_o the_o least_o circumvolution_n of_o the_o heaven_n set_v again_o or_o else_o as_o proclus_n say_v be_v very_o hardly_o see_v unless_o it_o be_v from_o some_o eminent_a place_n but_o when_o you_o be_v at_o alexandria_n you_o may_v see_v it_o very_o clear_a above_o the_o horizon_n for_o when_o it_o be_v in_o the_o meridian_n that_o be_v at_o the_o high_a elevation_n above_o the_o horizon_n it_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n about_o the_o four_o part_n of_o 〈◊〉_d sign_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o fortieeighth_n part_n of_o the_o meridian_n that_o pass_v through_o rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n the_o same_o be_v affirm_v alo_n by_o proclus_n if_o you_o read_v he_o thus_o canobus_n in_o alexandria_n conspâ—…euè_fw-fr cerni_fw-la quarâ—…a_fw-la 〈◊〉_d signi_fw-la portione_fw-la supra_fw-la horizontem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d as_o iâ—…_n ought_v to_o be_v and_o not_o as_o it_o be_v corrupt_o read_v in_o alexandria_n prorsus_fw-la non_fw-la cerni_fw-la it_o be_v not_o see_v at_o all_o in_o stead_n of_o it_o be_v see_v very_o plain_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v creep_v into_o the_o text_n perhaps_o in_o stead_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n be_v set_v down_o both_o by_o he_o and_o pliny_n to_o be_v 5000._o furlong_n which_o be_v multiply_v by_o forty_o eight_o the_o product_n will_v be_v 240000._o the_o number_n of_o furlong_n agree_v to_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n circumterence_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o posidonius_n ptolemy_n every_o where_o in_o his_o geography_n as_o also_o marinus_n tyrius_n before_o he_o have_v allow_v but_o 500_o furlong_n to_o a_o degree_n in_o the_o great_a circle_n on_o the_o earth_n of_o which_o the_o whole_a circumference_n contain_v 360_o 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o whâ—…le_a compass_n of_o the_o earth_n after_o this_o account_n conâ—…aineth_v 180000._o furlong_n and_o yet_o strabo_n affirm_v in_o his_o lib._n 2._o geograph_n that_o this_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n circumference_n set_v down_o by_o ptolemy_n be_v both_o receiuâ—…d_n by_o the_o ancient_n and_o also_o approve_v by_o posidonius_n himself_o so_o great_a be_v the_o difference_n of_o opinion_n concern_v the_o compass_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o yet_o be_v every_o one_o of_o these_o opinion_n ground_v on_o the_o authority_n of_o great_a man_n in_o this_o so_o great_a diversity_n therefore_o it_o be_v doubtful_a who_o we_o shall_v follow_v and_o if_o you_o shall_v desire_v to_o know_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o dissension_n even_o that_o also_o be_v altogether_o as_o uncertain_a nonius_n and_o peucerus_n will_v persuade_v we_o that_o certain_o the_o furlong_n they_o use_v be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o quantity_n maurolycus_n and_o philander_n conceive_v the_o difference_n of_o furlong_n to_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o diverse_a measure_n of_o pase_n and_o therefore_o maurolycus_n take_v great_a pain_n to_o reconcile_v they_o but_o in_o vain_a for_o they_o seem_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o reconcilement_n they_o tâ—…ll_v we_o of_o divers_a kind_n of_o pase_n in_o use_n among_o the_o ancient_n it_o be_v true_a we_o assent_v to_o they_o herein_o but_o withal_o desire_v to_o hear_v of_o some_o diversity_n of_o furlong_n also_o or_o at_o least_o of_o foot_n the_o greek_n as_o i_o conceive_v measure_v not_o their_o furlong_n by_o pase_n but_o by_o foot_n or_o rather_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o extension_n of_o both_o the_o hand_n together_o with_o the_o breast_n betwixt_o contain_v six_o foot_n which_o we_o common_o call_v a_o fathom_n and_o be_v a_o measure_n in_o familiar_a use_n with_o our_o mariner_n in_o sound_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o other_o water_n this_o word_n notwithstanding_o be_v translate_v by_o many_o a_o pace_n but_o how_o right_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o learned_a man_n to_o judge_v xylander_n in_o his_o translation_n of_o strabo_n always_o render_v it_o a_o ell._n in_o like_a manner_n a_o furlong_n be_v define_v by_o herodotus_n a_o very_a ancient_a greek_a author_n to_o consist_v of_o 600._o foot_n the_o same_o also_o be_v affirm_v by_o suidas_n by_o much_o late_a than_o he_o yet_o hero_n mechanicus_fw-la or_o at_o least_o his_o scholiast_n one_o as_o i_o conceive_v of_o the_o low_a rank_n of_o ancient_a writer_n will_n have_v a_o surlong_n to_o contain_v 100_o fathom_n a_o fadam_fw-la four_o cubit_n a_o cubi_n a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a or_o twenty_o four_o digit_n but_o you_o will_v say_v perhaps_o that_o censorinus_n propose_v three_o several_a kind_n of_o furlong_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v the_o italian_a consist_v of_o 625._o foot_n which_o he_o will_v have_v we_o understand_v to_o be_v that_o which_o be_v common_o use_v in_o measure_v the_o earth_n the_o second_o be_v the_o olympian_a contain_v 600._o foot_n and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o be_v the_o pythean_a consist_v of_o 1000_o foot_n but_o to_o let_v pass_v this_o late_a if_o we_o do_v but_o look_v more_o near_o into_o the_o matter_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o italian_a and_o olympian_a furlong_n howsoever_o they_o differ_v in_o name_n yet_o to_o be_v no_o other_o but_o the_o self_n same_o thing_n for_o the_o italian_a furlong_n which_o contain_v 625._o roman_a foot_n according_a as_o pliny_n testify_v in_o his_o second_o book_n and_o twenty_o three_o chapter_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o olympian_a consist_v of_o 600._o grecian_a foot_n for_o 600._o grecian_a foot_n be_v equal_a to_o 625_o roman_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o grecian_n foot_n exceed_v the_o roman_a by_o a_o twenty_o four_o part_n as_o much_o as_o in_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o 600._o and_o 625._o among_o these_o so_o great_a diversity_n of_o opinion_n let_v we_o give_v our_o conjecture_n â—…iso_n both_o what_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o so_o great_a disagreement_n and_o also_o which_o of_o they_o we_o may_v most_o safe_o follow_v we_o will_v therefore_o pass_v by_o aristotle_n who_o assertion_n be_v only_o defend_v by_o a_o great_a name_n and_o for_o cleomedes_n his_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o compass_n 200000._o furlong_n we_o shall_v scarce_o vouchsafe_v to_o mention_v it_o but_o that_o archimedes_n also_o have_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o same_o as_o of_o a_o portion_n not_o altogether_o disallow_v in_o his_o time_n let_v we_o therefore_o examine_v eratosthenes_n and_o posidonius_n who_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v ground_v on_o more_o certain_a foundation_n the_o cause_n therefore_o of_o their_o disagreement_n i_o conceive_v to_o be_v in_o that_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v measure_v exact_o the_o distance_n of_o those_o place_n which_o they_o lay_v down_o to_o work_v on_o but_o take_v they_o upon_o trust_n from_o the_o common_a reduce_v receive_v of_o traveller_n save_v only_o that_o of_o the_o two_o posidonius_n be_v the_o more_o extravagant_a whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a ptolemy_n ground_v his_o opinion_n on_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n exact_o measure_v as_o himself_o affirm_v when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v 79_o degree_n and_o 45._o minute_n or_o suppose_v it_o to_o be_v full_a 80._o degree_n it_o will_v then_o contain_v 10000_o furlong_n allow_v for_o every_o degree_n sieve_n hundred_o furlong_n as_o by_o measure_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n exact_o we_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v but_o eratosthenes_n be_v much_o tax_v by_o hipparchus_n for_o his_o strange_a mistake_n and_o gross_a ignorance_n in_o set_v down_o the_o distance_n of_o placâ—…s_n as_o strabo_n testify_v in_o his_o first_o book_n for_o he_o reckon_v betwixt_o alexandria_n and_o carthage_n above_o 13000._o furlong_n whereas_o say_v strabo_n it_o be_v not_o above_o 9000._o