reach_v the_o zodiac_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n will_v fall_v still_o upon_o the_o same_o fix_a star_n because_o the_o whole_a orb_n a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v no_o magnitude_n at_o all_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n suppose_v now_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v in_o c_o it_o remain_v that_o i_o show_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o earth_n be_v near_a to_o the_o sun_n when_o in_o its_o annual_a motion_n it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o d_o then_o when_o it_o be_v in_o b._n and_o i_o take_v the_o cause_n to_o be_v this_o when_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o capricorn_n at_o b_o the_o sun_n appear_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o cancer_n at_o d_o &_o then_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o summer_n but_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v towards_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v almost_o all_o dry_a land_n contain_v all_o europe_n and_o much_o the_o great_a part_n of_o asia_n and_o america_n but_o when_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o cancer_n at_o d_o it_o be_v the_o midst_n of_o winter_n and_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v towards_o the_o sun_n which_o contain_v those_o great_a sea_n call_v the_o south_n sea_n and_o the_o indian_a sea_n which_o be_v of_o far_o great_a extent_n than_o all_o the_o dry_a land_n in_o that_o hemisphere_n wherefore_o by_o the_o last_o article_n of_o the_o 21_o chapter_n when_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o d_o it_o will_v come_v near_o to_o its_o first_o movent_fw-la that_o be_v to_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v in_o it_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o earth_n be_v near_a to_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n when_o it_o be_v in_o d_o then_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n when_o it_o be_v b_o and_o therefore_o during_o the_o winter_n the_o sun_n be_v in_o its_o perigaeum_n and_o in_o its_o apogaeum_n during_o the_o summer_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v show_v a_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v i_o be_o therefore_o of_o keplers_n opinion_n in_o this_o that_o he_o attribute_n the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o and_o suppose_v one_o part_n to_o be_v affect_v and_o another_o disaffect_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o i_o dissent_v from_o he_o in_o this_o that_o he_o think_v it_o to_o be_v by_o magnetic_a virtue_n and_o that_o this_o magnetic_a virtue_n or_o attraction_n and_o thrust_v back_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v wrought_v by_o immateriate_a species_n which_o can_v be_v because_o nothing_o can_v give_v motion_n but_o a_o body_n move_v and_o contiguous_a for_o if_o those_o body_n be_v not_o move_v which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o a_o body_n unmoved_a how_o this_o body_n shall_v begin_v to_o be_v move_v be_v not_o imaginable_a as_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v in_o the_o seven_o article_n of_o the_o 9th_o chapter_n and_o often_o inculcate_v in_o other_o place_n to_o the_o end_n that_o philosopher_n may_v at_o last_o abstain_v from_o the_o use_n of_o such_o unconceivable_a connexion_n of_o word_n i_o dissent_v also_o from_o he_o in_o this_o that_o he_o say_v the_o similitude_n of_o body_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o their_o mutual_a attraction_n for_o if_o it_o be_v so_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o one_o egg_n shall_v not_o be_v attract_v by_o another_o if_o therefore_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o affect_v by_o the_o sun_n than_o another_o part_n it_o proceed_v from_o this_o that_o one_o part_n have_v more_o water_n the_o other_o more_o dry_a land_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v as_o i_o show_v above_o that_o the_o earth_n come_v near_a to_o the_o sun_n when_o it_o shine_v upon_o that_o part_n where_o there_o be_v more_o water_n then_o when_o it_o shine_v upon_o that_o where_o there_o be_v more_o dry_a land_n 9_o this_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o cause_n why_o the_o way_n of_o its_o annual_a motion_n be_v not_o a_o perfect_a circle_n but_o either_o a_o elliptical_a or_o almost_o a_o elliptical_a line_n as_o also_o why_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o keep_v exact_o parallel_v to_o itself_o in_o all_o place_n but_o only_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n now_o see_v i_o have_v say_v that_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v about_o by_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o the_o earth_n go_v about_o the_o sun_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o it_o show_v sometime_o one_o hemisphere_n sometime_o the_o other_o to_o the_o sun_n it_o remain_v to_o be_v inquire_v why_o the_o moon_n have_v always_o one_o and_o the_o same_o face_n turn_v towards_o the_o earth_n suppose_v therefore_o the_o sun_n to_o be_v move_v with_o simple_a motion_n in_o the_o little_a circle_n f_o g_o h_o i_o in_o the_o four_o figure_n who_o centre_n be_v it_o and_o let_v ♈_o ♋_o ♎_o ♑_o be_v the_o annual_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o a_o the_o beginning_n of_o libra_n about_o the_o point_n a_o let_v the_o little_a circle_n l_o k_o be_v describe_v and_o in_o it_o let_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v move_v with_o simple_a motion_n and_o both_o the_o sun_n &_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v move_v according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n upon_o the_o centre_n a_o let_v the_o way_n of_o the_o moon_n m_o n_o o_o p_o be_v describe_v and_o let_v q_o r_o be_v the_o diameter_n of_o a_o circle_n cut_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o moon_n into_o two_o hemisphere_n whereof_o one_o be_v see_v by_o we_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v at_o the_o full_a and_o the_o other_o be_v turn_v from_o we_o the_o diameter_n therefore_o of_o the_o moon_n q_o o_o r_o will_n be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o straight_a line_n t_o a._n wherefore_o the_o moon_n be_v carry_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o o_o towards_o p._n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n if_o it_o be_v in_o p_o it_o will_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v carry_v from_o p_o towards_o o_o and_o by_o these_o two_o contrary_a movent_n the_o straight_a line_n q_o r_o will_v be_v turn_v about_o and_o in_o a_o quadrant_n of_o the_o circle_n m_o n_o o_o p_o it_o will_v be_v turn_v so_o much_o as_o make_v the_o four_o part_n of_o its_o whole_a conversion_n wherefore_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o p_o q_o r_o will_v be_v parallel_n to_o the_o straight_a line_n m_o o._n second_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o m_o the_o straight_a line_n q_o r_o will_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o m_o o._n but_o by_o the_o work_n of_o the_o sun_n motion_n upon_o it_o in_o the_o quadrant_a p_o m_z toâ—_n same_o q_o r_o will_v be_v turn_v so_o much_o as_o make_v another_o quarter_n of_o its_o whole_a conversion_n when_o therefore_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o m_o q_o r_o will_v be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o straight_a line_n o_o m._n by_o the_o same_o reason_n when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o n_o q_o r_o will_v be_v parallel_n to_o the_o straight_a line_n m_o o_fw-mi and_o the_o moon_n return_v to_o o_o the_o same_o q_o r_o will_v return_v to_o its_o first_o place_n and_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n will_v in_o one_o entire_a period_n make_v also_o one_o entire_a conversion_n upon_o her_o own_o axis_n in_o the_o make_n of_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o face_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v always_o turn_v towards_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o any_o diameter_n be_v take_v in_o that_o little_a circle_n in_o which_o the_o moon_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v carry_v about_o with_o simple_a motion_n the_o same_o effect_n will_v follow_v for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o action_n from_o the_o sun_n every_o diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n will_v be_v carry_v about_o always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o wherefore_o i_o have_v give_v a_o possible_a cause_n why_o one_o and_o the_o same_o face_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v always_o turn_v towards_o the_o earth_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v without_o the_o ecliptic_a we_o do_v not_o always_o see_v the_o same_o face_n precise_o for_o we_o see_v only_o that_o part_n which_o be_v illuminate_v but_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v without_o the_o ecliptic_a that_o part_n which_o be_v towards_o we_o be_v not_o exact_o the_o same_o with_o that_o which_o be_v illuminate_v 10_o to_o these_o three_o simple_a motion_n one_o of_o the_o sun_n another_o of_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o three_o of_o the_o earth_n in_o their_o own_o little_a circle_n f_o g_o h_o i_o l_o k_o &_o q_o r_o together_o with_o the_o diurnal_a
which_o be_v do_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v cf._n see_v therefore_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o circumference_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n of_o which_o ♑_o ♋_o be_v the_o great_a axis_n ab_fw-la can_v be_v the_o lesser_a axis_n for_o ab_fw-la and_o ♑_o ♋_o be_v equal_a wherefore_o the_o earth_n pass_v through_o a_o &_o b_o will_v either_o pass_v above_o ♑_o as_o through_o g_o or_o pass_v through_o ♑_o will_n fall_n between_o c_o and_o a_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n which_o let_v it_o pass_v therefore_o through_o g_o and_o let_v gl_o be_v take_v equal_a to_o the_o straight_a line_n ♑_o ♋_o and_o divide_v gl_o equal_o in_o i_o gi_z will_v be_v equal_a to_o ♑_o ♋_o &_o ill_a equal_a to_o f_o ♋_o and_o consequent_o the_o point_n i_o will_v cut_v the_o excentricity_n cf_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n and_o take_v ih_v equal_a to_o if_o hi_o will_v be_v the_o whole_a excentricity_n if_o now_o a_o straight_a line_n namely_o the_o line_n ♎_o i_o ♈_o be_v draw_v through_o i_o parallel_n to_o the_o straight_a line_n ab_fw-la and_o ed_z the_o way_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o summer_n namely_o the_o arch_n ♎_o g_o ♈_o will_v be_v great_a than_o his_o way_n in_o winter_n by_o 8_o degree_n and_o ¼_n wherefore_o the_o true_a aequinox_n will_v be_v in_o the_o straight_a line_n ♎_o i_o ♈_o and_o therefore_o the_o ellipsis_n of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n will_v not_o pass_v through_o a_o g_o b_o &_o l_o but_o through_o ♎_o g_o ♈_o &_o l._n wherefore_o the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o ellipsis_n ♎_o g_o ♈_o l_o and_o can_v be_v the_o excentricity_n be_v salve_v in_o any_o other_o line_n and_o this_o perhaps_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o kepler_n against_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o astronomer_n of_o former_a time_n think_v fit_a to_o bisect_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_n of_o the_o sun_n not_o by_o diminish_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o same_o excentricity_n because_o the_o true_a measure_n of_o that_o quantity_n be_v the_o difference_n by_o which_o the_o summer_n arch_n exceed_v the_o winter_n arch_n but_o by_o take_v for_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o great_a orb_n the_o point_n c_o near_o to_o f_o &_o so_o place_v the_o whole_a great_a orb_n as_o much_o near_a to_o the_o ecliptic_a of_o the_o fix_a star_n towards_o ♋_o as_o be_v the_o distance_n between_o c_o &_o i._o for_o see_v the_o whole_a great_a orb_n be_v but_o as_o a_o point_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o immense_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n the_o two_o straight_a line_n ♎_o ♈_o and_o ab_fw-la be_v produce_v both_o way_n to_o the_o beginning_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n let_v therefore_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n mn_v be_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n if_o now_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v by_o the_o sun_n simple_a motion_n in_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a about_o the_o centre_n i_o this_o diameter_n will_v be_v keep_v always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o and_o to_o the_o straight_a line_n gl_o but_o see_v the_o earth_n be_v move_v in_o the_o circumference_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n without_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o point_n n_o whilst_o it_o pass_v through_o ♎_o ♑_o ♈_o will_n go_v in_o a_o lesser_a circumference_n than_o the_o point_n m_o and_o consequent_o as_o soon_o as_o ever_o it_o begin_v to_o be_v move_v it_o will_v lose_v its_o parallelisme_n with_o the_o straight_a line_n ♑_o ♋_o so_o that_o mn_v produce_v will_n at_o last_o cut_v the_o straight_a line_n gl_o produce_v and_o contrary_o as_o soon_o as_o mn_n be_v pass_v ♈_o the_o earth_n make_v its_o way_n in_o the_o internal_a ellipticall_a line_n ♈_o l_o ♎_o the_o same_o mn_v produce_v towards_o m_o will_v cut_v lg_v produce_v and_o when_o the_o earth_n have_v almost_o finish_v its_o whole_a circumference_n the_o same_o mn_v shall_v again_o make_v a_o right_a angle_n with_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n i_o a_o little_a short_a of_o the_o point_n from_o which_o the_o earth_n begin_v its_o motion_n and_o there_o the_o next_o year_n shall_v be_v one_o of_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n namely_o near_o the_o end_n of_o â™_o the_o other_o shall_v be_v opposite_a to_o it_o near_o the_o end_n of_o ♓_o and_o thus_o the_o point_n in_o which_o the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v make_v equal_a do_v every_o year_n fall_v back_o but_o with_o so_o slow_a a_o motion_n that_o in_o a_o whole_a year_n it_o make_v but_o 51_o first_o minute_n and_o this_o relapse_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n be_v common_o call_v the_o praecession_n of_o the_o aequinox_n of_o which_o i_o have_v from_o my_o former_a supposition_n deduce_v a_o possible_a cause_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v concern_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o according_a to_o kepler_n who_o for_o the_o cause_n thereof_o suppose_v one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v affect_v to_o the_o sun_n the_o other_o part_n to_o be_v disaffect_v the_o apogaeum_n &_o perigaeum_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v be_v move_v every_o year_n in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o with_o the_o same_o velocity_n with_o which_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n be_v move_v and_o their_o distance_n from_o they_o shall_v always_o be_v the_o quadrant_a of_o a_o circle_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v otherwise_o for_o astronomer_n say_v that_o the_o aequinox_n be_v now_o the_o one_o about_o 28_o degree_n go_v back_o from_o the_o first_o star_n of_o aries_n the_o other_o as_o much_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o libra_n so_o that_o the_o apogaeum_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o aphelium_n of_o the_o earth_n ought_v to_o be_v about_o the_o 28_o degree_n of_o cancer_n but_o it_o be_v reckon_v to_o be_v in_o the_o seven_o degree_n see_v therefore_o we_o have_v not_o sufficient_a evidence_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o so_o it_o be_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o seek_v for_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d why_o it_o be_v so_o wherefore_o as_o long_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o apogaeum_n be_v not_o observable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o slowness_n thereof_o and_o as_o long_o as_o it_o remaive_v doubtful_a whether_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o aequinoctial_a point_n be_v more_o or_o less_o than_o a_o quadrant_a precise_o so_o long_v it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o i_o to_o think_v they_o proceed_v both_o of_o they_o with_o equal_a velocity_n also_o i_o do_v not_o at_o all_o meddle_v with_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o excentricity_n of_o saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n and_o mercury_n nevertheless_o see_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v as_o i_o have_v show_v be_v cause_v by_o the_o unlike_a constitution_n of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v alternate_o turn_v towards_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v credible_a also_o that_o like_a effect_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o these_o other_o planet_n from_o their_o have_v their_o superficies_n of_o unlike_a part_n and_o this_o be_v all_o i_o shall_v say_v concern_v sidereal_a philosophy_n and_o though_o the_o cause_n i_o have_v here_o suppose_v be_v not_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n yet_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v that_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v they_o according_a to_o what_o i_o at_o first_o propound_v chap._n xxvii_o of_o light_n heatt_z and_o of_o colour_n 1_o of_o the_o immense_a magnitude_n of_o some_o body_n and_o the_o unspeakable_a littleness_n of_o other_o 2_o of_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n 3_o how_o light_n heat_v 4_o the_o generation_n of_o fire_n from_o the_o sun_n 5_o the_o generation_n of_o fire_n from_o collision_n 6_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n in_o glow-worm_n rot_a wood_n and_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n 7_o the_o cause_n of_o light_n in_o the_o concussion_n of_o sea-water_n 8_o the_o cause_n of_o flame_n spark_n and_o colliquation_n 9_o the_o cause_n why_o wet_a hay_n sometime_o burn_v of_o its_o own_o accord_n also_o the_o cause_n of_o lightning_n 10_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o force_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o coal_n what_o to_o the_o brimstone_n and_o what_o to_o the_o nitre_n 11_o how_o heat_n be_v cause_v by_o attrition_n 12_o the_o distinction_n of_o light_n into_o first_o second_o etc._n etc._n 13_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o colour_n we_o see_v in_o look_v through_o a_o prisma_fw-la of_o glass_n namely_o of_o red_a yellow_a blue_a and_o violet_a colour_n 14_o why_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o star_n appear_v red_a in_o the_o horizon_n then_o in_o
be_v do_v 16_o grant_v that_o the_o cloud_n may_v be_v freeze_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o the_o moon_n have_v be_v see_v eclipse_v at_o such_o time_n as_o she_o have_v be_v almost_o two_o degree_n above_o the_o horizon_n the_o sun_n at_o the_o same_o time_n appear_v in_o the_o horizon_n for_o such_o a_o eclipse_n be_v observe_v by_o mestline_n at_o tube_v in_o the_o year_n 1590._o for_o it_o may_v happen_v that_o a_o freeze_a cloud_n be_v then_o interpose_v between_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o observer_n and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v then_o almost_o two_o degree_n below_o the_o horizon_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v in_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o pass_n of_o his_o beam_n through_o the_o ice_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o those_o that_o attribute_v such_o refraction_n to_o the_o atmosphere_n can_v attribute_v to_o it_o so_o great_a a_o refraction_n as_o this_o wherefore_o not_o the_o atmosphere_n but_o either_o water_n in_o a_o continue_a body_n or_o else_o ice_n must_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o refraction_n 17_o again_o grant_v that_o there_o may_v be_v ice_n in_o the_o cloud_n it_o will_v be_v no_o long_o a_o wonder_n that_o many_o sun_n have_v sometime_o appear_v at_o once_o for_o looking-glass_n may_v be_v so_o place_v as_o by_o reflection_n to_o show_v the_o same_o object_n in_o many_o place_n and_o may_v not_o so_o many_o freeze_a cloud_n serve_v for_o so_o many_o looking-glass_n and_o may_v they_o not_o be_v fit_o dispose_v for_o that_o purpose_n beside_o the_o number_n of_o appearance_n may_v be_v increase_v by_o refraction_n also_o and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a wonder_n to_o i_o if_o such_o phaenomena_n as_o these_o shall_v never_o happen_v and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o that_o one_o phaenomenon_n of_o the_o new_a star_n which_o be_v see_v in_o cassiopaea_n i_o shall_v think_v comet_n be_v make_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n namely_o by_o vapour_n draw_v not_o only_o from_o the_o earth_n but_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n also_o and_o congeal_v into_o one_o continue_a body_n for_o i_o can_v very_o well_o from_o hence_o give_v a_o reason_n both_o of_o their_o hair_n and_o of_o their_o motion_n but_o see_v that_o star_n remain_v sixteen_o whole_a month_n in_o the_o same_o place_n among_o the_o fix_a star_n i_o can_v believe_v the_o matter_n of_o it_o be_v ice_n wherefore_o i_o leave_v to_o other_o the_o disquisition_n of_o the_o cause_n of_o comet_n concern_v which_o nothing_o that_o have_v hitherto_o be_v publish_v 〈…〉_z the_o bare_a history_n of_o they_o be_v worth_a consider_v 18_o the_o head_n of_o river_n may_v be_v deduce_v from_o rain-water_n or_o from_o melt_a snow_n very_o easy_o but_o from_o other_o cause_n very_o hardly_o or_o not_o at_o all_o for_o both_o rain-water_n and_o melt_v snow_n run_v down_o the_o descent_n of_o mountain_n and_o if_o they_o descend_v only_o by_o the_o outward_a superficies_n the_o shower_n or_o snow_n themselves_o may_v be_v account_v the_o spring_n or_o fountain_n but_o if_o they_o enter_v the_o earth_n &_o descend_v within_o it_o then_o wheresoever_o they_o break_v out_o there_o be_v their_o spring_n and_o as_o these_o sping_n make_v small_a stream_n so_o many_o small_a stream_n run_v together_o make_v river_n now_o there_o be_v never_o any_o spring_n find_v but_o where_o the_o water_n w_o ch_n flow_v to_o it_o be_v either_o further_o or_o at_o least_o as_o far_o from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o spring_n itself_o and_o whereas_o it_o have_v be_v object_v by_o a_o great_a philosopher_n that_o in_o the_o top_n of_o mount-cenis_n which_o part_v savoy_n from_o piedmont_n there_o spring_v a_o river_n which_o run_v down_o by_o susa_n it_o be_v not_o true_a for_o there_o be_v above_o that_o river_n for_o two_o mile_n length_n very_o high_a hill_n on_o both_o side_n which_o be_v almost_o perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n from_o which_o innumerable_a little_a stream_n run_v down_o do_v manifest_o supply_v that_o river_n with_o water_n sufficient_a for_o its_o magnitude_n chap._n xxix_o of_o sound_n odour_n savour_n and_o touch_v 1_o the_o definition_n of_o sound_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o sound_n 2_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o sound_n 3_o the_o difference_n between_o sound_n acute_a and_o grave_a 4_o the_o difference_n between_o clear_a and_o hoarse_a sound_n whence_o 5_o the_o sound_z of_o thunder_n and_o of_o a_o gun_n whence_o it_o proceed_v 6_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o pipe_n by_o blow_v into_o they_o have_v a_o clear_a sound_n 7_o of_o reflect_v sound_n 8_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o sound_n be_v uniform_a and_o last_a 9_o how_o sound_n may_v be_v help_v and_o hinder_v by_o the_o wind._n 10_o not_o only_o air_n but_o other_o body_n how_o hard_o soever_o they_o be_v convey_v sound_v 11_o the_o cause_n of_o grave_a and_o acute_a sound_n and_o of_o consent_n 12_o phaenomena_n for_o smell_a 13_o the_o first_o organ_n and_o the_o generation_n of_o smell_a 14_o how_o it_o be_v help_v by_o heat_n and_o by_o wind._n 15_o why_o such_o body_n be_v least_o smell_v which_o have_v least_o intermixture_n of_o air_n in_o they_o 16_o why_o odorous_a thing_n become_v more_o odorous_a by_o be_v bruise_v 17_o the_o first_o organ_n of_o taste_v and_o why_o some_o savour_v cause_n nauseousness_n 18_o the_o first_o organ_n of_o feel_v and_o how_o we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o such_o object_n as_o be_v common_a to_o the_o touch_n and_o other_o sense_n sound_z be_v sense_n generate_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la when_o its_o motion_n reach_v the_o ear_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o sense_n now_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la be_v not_o the_o sound_n itself_o but_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o the_o phantasm_n which_o be_v make_v in_o we_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o reaction_n of_o the_o organ_n be_v proper_o that_o which_o we_o call_v sound_n the_o principal_a distinction_n of_o sound_n be_v these_o first_o that_o one_o sound_n be_v strong_a another_o weak_a second_o that_o one_o be_v more_o grave_a another_o more_o acute_a three_o that_o one_o be_v clear_a another_o hoarse_a four_o that_o one_o be_v primary_n another_o derivative_a five_o that_o one_o be_v uniform_a another_o not_o six_o that_o one_o be_v more_o durable_a another_o less_o durable_a of_o all_o which_o distinction_n the_o member_n may_v be_v subdistinguish_v into_o part_n distinguishable_a almost_o infinite_o for_o the_o variety_n of_o sound_n seem_v to_o be_v not_o much_o less_o than_o that_o of_o colour_n as_o vision_n so_o hear_v be_v generate_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la but_o not_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o sight_n be_v from_o pressure_n that_o be_v from_o a_o endeavour_n in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o perceptible_a progression_n of_o any_o of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la but_o one_o part_n urge_v or_o thrust_v on_o a_o other_o propagate_v that_o action_n successive_o to_o any_o distance_n whatsoever_o whereas_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la by_o which_o sound_n be_v make_v be_v a_o stroke_n for_o when_o we_o hear_v the_o drum_n of_o the_o ear_n which_o be_v the_o first_o organ_n of_o hear_v be_v strike_v and_o the_o drum_n be_v strike_v the_o pia_n mater_n be_v also_o shake_v and_o with_o it_o the_o artery_n which_o be_v insert_v into_o it_o by_o which_o the_o action_n be_v propagate_v to_o the_o heart_n itself_o by_o the_o reaction_n of_o the_o heart_n a_o phantasm_n be_v make_v which_o we_o call_v sound_a and_o because_o the_o reaction_n tend_v outward_o we_o think_v it_o be_v without_o 2_o and_o see_v the_o effect_n produce_v by_o motion_n be_v great_a or_o less_o not_o only_a when_o the_o velocity_n be_v great_a or_o less_o but_o also_o when_o the_o body_n have_v great_a or_o less_o magnitude_n though_o the_o velocity_n be_v the_o same_o a_o sound_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o both_o these_o way_n and_o because_o neither_o the_o great_a nor_o the_o least_o magnitude_n or_o velocity_n can_v be_v give_v it_o may_v happen_v that_o either_o the_o motion_n may_v be_v of_o so_o small_a velocity_n or_o the_o body_n itself_o of_o so_o small_a magnitude_n as_o to_o produce_v no_o sound_n at_o all_o or_o either_o of_o they_o may_v be_v so_o great_a as_o to_o take_v away_o the_o faculty_n of_o sense_n by_o hurt_v the_o organ_n from_o hence_o may_v be_v deduce_v possible_a cause_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o weakness_n of_o sound_n in_o the_o follow_a phaenomena_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v this_o that_o if_o a_o man_n speak_v through_o a_o trunk_n which_o have_v on_o end_n apply_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o speaker_n and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o
to_o itself_o so_o that_o in_o what_o part_n soever_o of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o centre_n of_o the_o epicycle_n be_v find_v and_o in_o what_o part_n soever_o of_o the_o epicycle_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v find_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v parallel_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o same_o axis_n will_v have_v be_v if_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v never_o go_v out_o of_o the_o ecliptic_a now_o as_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v the_o simple_a annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o supposition_n of_o simple_a motion_n in_o the_o sun_n so_o from_o the_o supposition_n of_o simple_a motion_n in_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v demonstrate_v the_o monthly_a simple_a motion_n of_o the_o moon_n for_o if_o the_o name_n be_v but_o change_v the_o demonstration_n will_v be_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o need_v not_o be_v repeat_v 7_o that_o which_o make_v this_o supposition_n of_o the_o sun_n simple_a motion_n in_o the_o epicycle_n fghi_fw-mi probable_a be_v first_o that_o the_o period_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n be_v not_o only_o describe_v about_o the_o sun_n but_o so_o describe_v as_o that_o they_o be_v all_o contain_v within_o the_o zodiac_n that_o be_v to_o say_v within_o the_o latitude_n of_o about_o 16_o degree_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o depend_v upon_o some_o power_n in_o the_o sun_n especial_o in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o respect_v the_o zodiac_n second_o that_o in_o the_o whole_a coâ—passe_n of_o the_o heaven_n there_o appear_v no_o other_o body_n from_o which_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n can_v in_o probability_n be_v derive_v beside_o i_o can_v not_o imagine_v that_o so_o many_o and_o such_o various_a motion_n of_o the_o planet_n shall_v have_v no_o dependence_n at_o all_o upon_o one_o another_o but_o by_o suppose_v motive_n power_n in_o the_o sun_n we_o suppose_v motion_n also_o for_o power_n to_o move_v without_o motion_n be_v no_o power_n at_o all_o i_o have_v therefore_o suppose_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o sun_n for_o the_o govern_n of_o the_o primary_n planet_n and_o in_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o govern_n of_o the_o moon_n such_o motion_n as_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o primary_n planet_n and_o by_o the_o moon_n make_v they_o necessary_o appear_v to_o we_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o we_o see_v they_o whereas_o that_o circular_a motion_n which_o be_v common_o attribute_v to_o they_o about_o a_o fix_a axis_n which_o be_v call_v conversion_n be_v a_o motion_n of_o their_o part_n only_o and_o not_o of_o their_o whole_a body_n be_v insufficient_a to_o salve_v their_o appearance_n for_o see_v whatsoever_o be_v so_o move_v have_v no_o endeavour_n at_o all_o towards_o those_o part_n which_o be_v without_o the_o circle_n they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o propagate_v any_o endeavour_n to_o such_o body_n as_o be_v place_v without_o it_o and_o as_o for_o they_o that_o suppose_v this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o magnetical_a virtue_n or_o by_o incorporeal_a and_o immaterial_a species_n they_o suppose_v no_o natural_a cause_n nay_o no_o cause_n at_o all_o for_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o incorporeal_a movent_fw-la and_o magnetical_a virtue_n be_v a_o thing_n altogether_o unknown_a and_o whensoever_o it_o shall_v be_v know_v it_o will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o body_n it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o if_o the_o primary_n planet_n be_v carry_v about_o by_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n by_o the_o earth_n they_o have_v the_o simple_a circular_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o their_o circulation_n otherwise_o if_o they_o be_v not_o carry_v about_o by_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n but_o that_o every_o planet_n have_v be_v move_v as_o it_o be_v now_o move_v ever_o since_o it_o be_v make_v there_o will_v be_v of_o their_o motion_n no_o cause_n natural_a for_o either_o these_o motion_n be_v concreated_a with_o their_o body_n and_o their_o cause_n be_v supernatural_a or_o they_o be_v coeternal_a with_o they_o and_o so_o they_o have_v no_o cause_n at_o all_o for_o whatsoever_o be_v eternal_a be_v never_o generate_v i_o may_v add_v beside_o to_o confirm_v the_o probability_n of_o this_o simple_a motion_n that_o almost_o all_o learned_a man_n be_v now_o of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o copernicus_n concern_v the_o parallelisme_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v more_o agreeable_a to_o truth_n or_o at_o least_o more_o handsome_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v cause_v by_o simple_a circular_a motion_n alone_o than_o by_o two_o motion_n one_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o other_o about_o the_o earth_n own_o axis_n the_o contrary_a way_n neither_o of_o they_o simple_a nor_o either_o of_o they_o such_o as_o may_v be_v produce_v by_o any_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n i_o think_v best_a therefore_o to_o retain_v this_o hypothesis_n of_o simple_a motion_n and_o from_o it_o to_o derive_v the_o cause_n of_o as_o many_o of_o the_o phaenomena_n as_o i_o can_v and_o to_o let_v such_o alone_a as_o i_o can_v not_o deduce_v frm_n thence_o it_o will_v perhaps_o be_v object_v that_o although_o by_o this_o supposition_n the_o reason_n may_v be_v give_v of_o the_o parallelisme_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o of_o many_o other_o appearance_n nevertheless_o see_v it_o be_v do_v by_o place_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o orb_n which_o the_o earth_n describe_v with_o its_o annual_a motion_n the_o supposition_n itself_o be_v false_a because_o this_o annual_a orb_n be_v excentrique_fw-la to_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o first_o place_n therefore_o let_v we_o examine_v what_o that_o excentricity_n be_v and_o whence_o it_o proceed_v 8_o let_v the_o annual_a circle_n of_o the_o earth_n abcd_v in_o the_o same_o 3d_o figure_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o equal_a part_n by_o the_o straight_a line_n ac_fw-la &_o bd_v cut_v one_o another_o in_o the_o centre_n e_o and_o let_v a_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o libra_n b_o of_o capricorn_n c_o of_o aries_n and_o d_o of_o cancer_n and_o let_v the_o whole_a orb_n abcd_v be_v understand_v according_a to_o copernicus_n to_o have_v every_o way_n so_o great_a distance_n from_o the_o zodiac_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n that_o it_o be_v in_o comparison_n with_o it_o but_o as_o a_o point_n let_v the_o earth_n be_v now_o suppose_v to_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o libra_n at_o a._n the_o sun_n therefore_o will_v appear_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n at_o c._n wherefore_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v from_o a_o to_o b_o the_o apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v be_v from_o c_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o cancer_n in_o d_o and_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v forward_o from_o b_o to_z c_o the_o sun_n also_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v move_v forward_o to_o the_o begin_n of_o libra_n in_o a_o wherefore_o cda_n will_v be_v the_o summer_n arch_n and_o the_o winter_n arch_n will_v be_v abc_n now_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o sun_n apparent_a motion_n in_o the_o summer_n arch_n there_o be_v number_v 186¾_n day_n and_o consequent_o the_o earth_n make_v in_o the_o same_o time_n the_o same_o number_n of_o diurnal_a conversion_n in_o the_o arch_a abc_n and_o therefore_o the_o earth_n in_o its_o motion_n through_o the_o arch_n cda_fw-mi will_v make_v only_a 178½_n diurnal_a conversion_n wherefore_o the_o arch_a a_o b_o c_o aught_o to_o be_v great_a than_o the_o arch_n c_o d_o a_o by_o 8¼_n day_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o almost_o so_o many_o degree_n let_v the_o arch_a a_o r_o as_o also_o c_o s_o be_v each_o of_o they_o a_o arch_n of_o two_o degree_n and_o 1_o 16._o wherefore_o the_o arch_n r_o b_o s_o will_v be_v great_a than_o the_o semicircle_n a_o b_o c_o by_o 4_o degree_n and_o â…›_n and_o great_a than_o the_o arch_n s_o d_o r_o by_o 8_o degree_n and_o ¼_n the_o equinox_n therefore_o will_v be_v in_o the_o point_n r_o &_o s_o and_o therefore_o also_o when_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o r_o the_o sun_n will_v appear_v in_o s._n wherefore_o the_o true_a place_n of_o the_o sun_n will_v be_v in_o it_o that_o be_v to_o say_v without_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n by_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o the_o arch_a a_o r_o or_o the_o sine_fw-la of_o two_o degree_n and_o 16_o minute_n now_o this_o sine_fw-la put_v 100000_o for_o the_o radius_fw-la will_v be_v near_o 3580_o part_n thereof_o and_o so_o munh_o be_v the_o excentricity_n of_o the_o earth_n annual_a motion_n provide_v that_o that_o motion_n be_v in_o a_o perfect_a circle_n and_o s_z &_o r_o be_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n and_o the_o straight_a line_n his_o r_o &_o c_o asleep_o produce_v both_o way_n till_o they_o
will_v remain_v no_o cause_n at_o all_o why_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v force_v out_o wherefore_o the_o assertion_n of_o vacuum_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o very_a experiment_n which_o be_v here_o bring_v to_o establish_v it_o many_o other_o phaenomena_n be_v usual_o bring_v for_o vacuum_n as_o those_o of_o weather-glass_n aeolipile_n wind-gun_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v all_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o be_v salve_v unless_o water_n be_v penetrable_a by_o air_n without_o the_o intermixture_n of_o empty_a space_n but_o now_o see_v air_n may_v with_o no_o great_a endeavour_n pass_v through_o not_o only_a water_n but_o any_o other_o fluid_a body_n though_o never_o so_o stubborn_a as_o quicksilver_n these_o phaenomena_n prove_v nothing_o nevertheless_o it_o may_v in_o reason_n be_v expect_v that_o he_o that_o will_v take_v away_o vacuum_n shall_v without_o vacuum_n show_v we_o such_o cause_n of_o these_o phaenomena_n as_o shall_v be_v at_o least_o of_o equal_a if_o not_o great_a probability_n this_o therefore_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o the_o follow_a discourse_n when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o these_o phaenomena_n in_o their_o proper_a place_n but_o first_o the_o most_o general_a hypothesis_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n be_v to_o be_v premise_v and_o see_v that_o supposition_n be_v put_v for_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o apparent_a effect_n every_o supposition_n except_o such_o as_o be_v absurd_a must_v of_o necessity_n consist_v of_o some_o suppose_a possible_a motion_n for_o rest_n can_v never_o be_v the_o essicient_a cause_n of_o any_o thing_n &_o motion_n suppose_v body_n movable_a of_o which_o there_o be_v three_o kind_n fluid_a consistent_a and_o mix_v of_o both_o fluid_fw-la be_v those_o who_o part_n may_v by_o very_o weak_a endeavonr_n be_v separate_v from_o one_o another_o and_o consistent_a those_o for_o the_o separation_n of_o who_o part_n great_a force_n be_v to_o be_v apply_v there_o be_v therefore_o degree_n of_o consistency_n which_o degree_n by_o comparison_n with_o more_o or_o less_o consistent_a have_v the_o name_n of_o hardness_n or_o softness_n wherefore_o a_o fluid_a body_n be_v always_o divisible_a into_o body_n equal_o fluid_a as_o quantity_n into_o quantity_n and_o soft_a body_n of_o whatsoever_o degree_n of_o softness_n into_o soft_a body_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n and_o though_o many_o man_n seem_v to_o conceive_v no_o other_o difference_n of_o fluidity_n but_o such_o as_o arise_v from_o the_o different_a magnitude_n of_o the_o part_n in_o which_o sense_n dust_n though_o of_o diamond_n may_v be_v call_v fluid_a yet_o i_o understand_v by_o fluidity_n that_o which_o be_v make_v such_o by_o nature_n equal_o in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o fluid_a body_n not_o as_o dust_n be_v fluid_a for_o so_o a_o house_n which_o be_v fall_v in_o piece_n may_v be_v call_v fluid_fw-la but_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o water_n seem_v fluid_a and_o to_o divide_v itself_o into_o part_n perpetual_o fluid_a and_o this_o be_v well_o understand_v i_o come_v to_o my_o supposition_n 5_o first_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o immense_a space_n which_o we_o call_v the_o world_n be_v the_o aggregate_v of_o all_o body_n which_o be_v either_o consistent_a &_o visible_a as_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o star_n or_o invisible_a as_o the_o small_a atom_n which_o be_v disseminated_a through_o the_o whole_a space_n between_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o star_n and_o last_o that_o most_o fluid_a aether_n which_o so_o fill_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o that_o it_o leave_v in_o it_o no_o empty_a place_n at_o all_o second_o i_o suppose_v with_o copernicus_n that_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o world_n which_o be_v both_o consistent_a and_o permanent_a have_v such_o order_n among_o themselves_o as_o that_o the_o sun_n have_v the_o first_o place_n mercury_n the_o second_o venus_n the_o three_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o moon_n go_v about_o it_o the_o four_o mars_n the_o five_o jupiter_n with_o his_o attendant_n the_o six_o saturn_n the_o seven_o and_o after_o these_o the_o fix_a star_n have_v their_o several_a distance_n from_o the_o sun_n three_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o the_o sun_n &_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n there_o be_v and_o always_o have_v be_v a_o simple_a circular_a motion_n four_o i_o suppose_v that_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o air_n there_o be_v certain_a other_o body_n intermingle_v which_o be_v not_o fluid_a but_o withal_o that_o they_o be_v so_o small_a that_o they_o be_v not_o preceptible_a by_o sense_n and_o that_o these_o also_o have_v their_o proper_a simple_a motion_n and_o be_v some_o of_o they_o more_o some_o less_o hard_a or_o consistent_a five_o i_o suppose_v with_o kepler_n that_o as_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n so_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o for_o the_o magnitude_n of_o the_o circle_n and_o the_o time_n in_o which_o they_o be_v describe_v by_o the_o body_n which_o be_v in_o they_o i_o will_v suppose_v they_o to_o be_v such_o as_o shall_v seem_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o phaenomena_n in_o question_n 6_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o different_a season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o of_o the_o several_a variation_n of_o day_n and_o night_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v demonstrate_v first_o by_o copernicus_n and_o since_o by_o kepler_n galilaeus_fw-la and_o other_o from_o the_o supposition_n of_o the_o earth_n diurnal_a revolution_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n together_o with_o its_o annual_a motion_n about_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a according_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n and_o three_o by_o the_o annual_a revolution_n of_o the_o same_o earth_n about_o its_o own_o centre_n contrary_a to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o sign_n i_o suppose_v with_o copernicus_n that_o the_o diurnal_a revolution_n be_v from_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o which_o the_o aequinoctial_a circle_n be_v describe_v about_o it_o and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o two_o annual_a motion_n they_o be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v carry_v about_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o its_o axis_n be_v always_o keep_v parallel_n to_o itself_o which_o parallelisme_n be_v for_o this_o reason_n introduce_v lest_o by_o the_o earth_n annual_a revolution_n its_o pole_n shall_v seem_v to_o be_v necessary_o carry_v about_o the_o sun_n contrary_a to_o experience_n i_o have_v in_o the_o 10_o artic._n of_o the_o â—â—th_v chap._n demonstrate_v from_o the_o supposition_n of_o simple_a circular_a motion_n in_o the_o sun_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o carry_v about_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o its_o axis_n be_v thereby_o keep_v always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o wherefore_o from_o these_o two_o suppose_a motion_n in_o the_o sun_n the_o one_o simple_a circular_a motion_n the_o other_o circular_a motion_n about_o it_o own_v centre_n it_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v that_o the_o year_n have_v both_o the_o same_o variation_n of_o day_n and_o night_n as_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v by_o copernicus_n for_o if_o the_o circle_n abcd_v in_o the_o 3d_o figure_n be_v the_o ecliptic_a who_o centre_n be_v e_o and_o diameter_n aec_fw-la and_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v in_o a_o &_o the_o sun_n be_v move_v in_o the_o little_a circle_n fghi_fw-la namely_o according_a to_o the_o order_n f_o g_o h_o &_o i_o it_o have_v be_v demonstrate_v that_o a_o body_n place_v in_o a_o will_v be_v move_v in_o the_o same_o order_n through_o the_o point_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a a_o b_o c_o &_o d_o and_o will_v always_o keep_v its_o axis_n parallel_n to_o its_o self_n but_o if_o as_o i_o have_v suppose_v the_o earth_n also_o be_v move_v with_o simple_a circular_a motion_n in_o a_o plain_a that_o pass_v through_o a_o cut_v the_o plain_a of_o the_o ecliptic_a so_o as_o that_o the_o common_a section_n of_o both_o the_o plain_n be_v in_o ac_fw-la thus_o also_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v keep_v always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o for_o let_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v about_o in_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o epicycle_n who_o diameter_n be_v lak_a which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o straight_a line_n lac_fw-la therefore_o lak_a the_o diameter_n of_o the_o epicycle_n pass_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o ecliptic_a wherefore_o see_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o earth_n simple_a motion_n both_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o in_o its_o epicycle_n the_o straight_a line_n lak_a be_v keep_v always_o parallel_v to_o itself_o every_o other_o straight_o line_n also_o take_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o its_o axis_n will_v in_o like_a manner_n be_v keep_v always_o parallel_v
the_o midst_n of_o the_o heaven_n 15_o the_o cause_n of_o whiteness_n 16_o the_o cause_n of_o blackness_n 1_o beside_o the_o star_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o last_o chapt._n whatsoever_o other_o body_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n they_o may_v be_v all_o comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o intersidereal_a body_n and_o these_o i_o have_v already_o suppose_v to_o be_v either_o the_o most_o fluid_a aether_n or_o such_o body_n who_o part_n have_v some_o degree_n of_o cohaesion_n now_o these_o differ_v from_o one_o another_o in_o their_o several_a consistency_n magnitude_n motion_n and_o figure_n in_o consistency_n i_o suppose_v some_o body_n to_o be_v hard_o other_o soft_a through_o all_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o tenacity_n in_o magnitude_n some_o to_o be_v great_a other_o less_o and_o many_o unspeakable_o little_a for_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o by_o the_o understanding_n quantity_n be_v divisible_a into_o divisibles_fw-fr perpetual_o and_o therefore_o if_o a_o man_n can_v do_v as_o much_o with_o his_o hand_n as_o he_o can_v with_o his_o understanding_n he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o take_v from_o any_o give_a magnitude_n a_o part_n which_o shall_v be_v less_o than_o any_o other_o magnitude_n give_v but_o the_o omnipotent_a creator_n of_o the_o world_n can_v actual_o from_o a_o part_n of_o any_o thing_n take_v another_o parâ—_n as_o far_o as_o we_o by_o our_o understanding_n can_v conceive_v the_o same_o to_o be_v divisible_a wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o impossible_a smallness_n of_o body_n and_o what_o hinder_v but_o that_o we_o may_v think_v this_o likely_a for_o we_o know_v there_o be_v some_o live_a creature_n so_o small_a that_o we_o can_v scarce_o see_v their_o whole_a body_n yet_o even_o these_o have_v their_o young_a one_o their_o little_a vein_n and_o other_o vessel_n and_o their_o eye_n so_o small_a as_o that_o no_o microscope_n can_v make_v they_o visible_a so_o that_o we_o can_v suppose_v any_o magnitude_n so_o little_a but_o that_o our_o very_a supposition_n be_v actual_o exceed_v by_o nature_n beside_o there_o be_v now_o such_o microscope_n common_o make_v that_o the_o thing_n we_o see_v with_o they_o appear_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o time_n big_a than_o they_o will_v do_v if_o we_o look_v upon_o they_o with_o our_o bare_a eye_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o doubt_n but_o that_o by_o augment_v the_o power_n of_o these_o microscope_n for_o it_o may_v be_v augment_v as_o long_o as_o neither_o matter_n nor_o the_o hand_n of_o workman_n be_v want_v every_o one_o of_o those_o hundred_o thousand_o part_n may_v yet_o appear_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o time_n geat_a than_o they_o do_v before_o neither_o be_v the_o smallness_n of_o some_o body_n to_o be_v more_o admire_v than_o the_o vast_a greatness_n of_o other_o for_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o same_o infinite_a power_n as_o well_o to_o augment_v infinite_o as_o infinite_o to_o diminish_v to_o make_v the_o great_a orb_n namely_o that_o who_o radius_fw-la reach_v from_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o sun_n but_o as_o a_o point_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o fix_a star_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o make_v a_o body_n so_o little_a as_o to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o proportion_n less_o than_o any_o other_o visible_a body_n proceed_v equal_o from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o author_n of_o nature_n but_o this_o of_o the_o immense_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n which_o for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v account_v a_o incredible_a thing_n be_v now_o believe_v by_o almost_o all_o the_o learned_a why_o then_o shall_v not_o that_o other_o of_o the_o smallness_n of_o some_o body_n become_v credible_a at_o some_o time_n or_o other_o for_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n appear_v no_o less_o in_o small_a thing_n then_o in_o great_a and_o as_o it_o exceed_v humane_a sense_n in_o the_o immense_a greatness_n of_o the_o universe_n so_o also_o it_o do_v in_o the_o smallness_n of_o the_o part_n thereof_o nor_o be_v the_o first_o element_n of_o composition_n nor_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o action_n nor_o the_o first_o moment_n of_o time_n more_o credible_a then_o that_o which_o be_v now_o believe_v of_o the_o vast_a distance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n some_o thing_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o mortal_a man_n to_o be_v very_o great_a though_o finite_a as_o see_v they_o to_o be_v such_o they_o acknowledge_v also_o that_o some_o thing_n which_o they_o do_v not_o see_v may_v be_v of_o infinite_a magnitude_n but_o they_o be_v not_o present_o nor_o without_o great_a study_n persuade_v that_o there_o be_v any_o mean_a between_o infinite_a &_o the_o great_a of_o those_o thing_n which_o either_o they_o see_v or_o imagine_v nevertheless_o when_o after_o meditation_n &_o contemplation_n many_o thing_n which_o we_o wonder_v at_o before_o be_v now_o grow_v more_o familiar_a to_o we_o we_o then_o believe_v they_o and_o transfer_v our_o admiration_n from_o the_o creature_n to_o the_o creator_n but_o how_o little_a soever_o some_o body_n may_v be_v yet_o i_o will_v not_o suppose_v their_o quantity_n to_o be_v less_o then_o be_v requisite_a for_o the_o salve_v of_o the_o phaenomena_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n i_o shall_v suppose_v their_o motion_n namely_o their_o velocity_n and_o slowness_n and_o the_o variety_n of_o their_o figure_n to_o be_v only_o such_o as_o the_o explication_n of_o their_o natural_a cause_n require_v and_o last_o i_o suppose_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o pure_a aether_n as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o first_o matter_n have_v no_o motion_n at_o all_o but_o what_o they_o receive_v from_o body_n which_o float_v in_o they_o and_o be_v not_o themselves_o fluid_a 2_o have_v lay_v these_o ground_n let_v we_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o cause_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n let_v we_o inquire_v what_o may_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n see_v therefore_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n do_v by_o its_o simple_a circular_a motion_n thrust_v away_o the_o ambient_fw-la aethereal_a substance_n sometime_o one_o way_n sometime_o another_o so_o that_o those_o part_n which_o be_v next_o the_o sun_n be_v move_v by_o it_o do_v propagate_v that_o motion_n to_o the_o next_o remote_a part_n and_o these_o to_o the_o next_o and_o so_o on_o continual_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o notwithstanding_o any_o distance_n the_o foremost_a part_n of_o the_o eye_n will_v at_o last_o be_v press_v and_o by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o part_n the_o motion_n will_v be_v propagate_v to_o the_o innermost_a part_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o sight_n namely_o to_o the_o heart_n and_o from_o the_o reaction_n of_o the_o heart_n there_o will_v proceed_v a_o endeavour_n back_o by_o the_o same_o way_n end_v in_o the_o endeavour_n outward_o of_o the_o coat_n of_o the_o eye_n call_v the_o retina_fw-la but_o this_o endeavour_n outward_o as_o have_v be_v define_v in_o the_o 25_o chapter_n be_v the_o thing_n which_o be_v call_v light_n or_o the_o phantasm_n of_o a_o lucid_a body_n for_o it_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o phantasm_n that_o a_o object_n be_v call_v lucid._n wherefore_o we_o have_v a_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o i_o undertake_v to_o find_v 3_o the_o generation_n of_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v accompany_v with_o the_o generation_n of_o heat_n now_o every_o man_n know_v what_o heat_n be_v in_o himself_o by_o feel_v it_o when_o he_o grow_v hot_a but_o what_o it_o be_v in_o other_o thing_n he_o know_v only_o by_o ratiocination_n for_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o grow_v hot_a and_o another_o thing_n to_o heat_n or_o make_v hot._n and_o therefore_o though_o we_o perceive_v that_o the_o fire_n or_o the_o sun_n heat_v yet_o we_o do_v not_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v itself_o hot._n that_o other_o live_a creature_n while_o they_o make_v other_o thing_n hot_a be_v hot_a themselves_o we_o infer_v by_o reason_v from_o the_o like_a sense_n in_o ourselves_o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o necessary_a inference_n for_o though_o it_o may_v true_o be_v say_v of_o live_a creature_n that_o they_o heat_v therefore_o they_o be_v themselves_o hot_a yet_o it_o can_v from_o hence_o be_v true_o infer_v that_o fire_n heat_v therefore_o it_o be_v itself_o hot_a no_o more_o than_o this_o fire_n cause_v pain_n therefore_o it_o be_v itself_o in_o pain_n wherefore_o that_o be_v only_o and_o proper_o call_v hot_a which_o when_o we_o feel_v we_o be_v necessary_o hot._n now_o when_o we_o grow_v hot_a we_o find_v that_o our_o spirit_n and_o blood_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v fluid_a within_o we_o be_v call_v out_o from_o the_o internal_a to_o the_o external_a part_n of_o our_o body_n more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o heat_n and_o that_o our_o skin_n swell_v he_o therefore_o that_o can_v give_v a_o possible_a cause_n