substance_n or_o as_o air_n and_o thin_a cloud_n by_o transmit_v the_o ray_n quite_o through_o their_o body_n or_o as_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o a_o opacous_a nature_n and_o smooth_a superficies_n which_o reflect_v the_o light_n only_o in_o one_o place_n or_o else_o as_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v of_o a_o opacous_a nature_n and_o rugged_a superficies_n which_o by_o a_o kind_n of_o circumfluous_a reflection_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n discernible_a in_o many_o place_n as_o our_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n 2._o it_o be_v compact_v and_o not_o a_o spongy_a and_o porous_a substance_n but_o this_o be_v deny_v by_o 13._o diogenes_n 4._o vitellio_n and_o 164._o reinoldus_n and_o some_o other_o who_o hold_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n of_o nature_n as_o a_o pumice_n stone_n &_o this_o say_v they_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o the_o sun_n eclipse_n there_o appear_v within_o she_o a_o duskish_a ruddy_a colour_n because_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v refract_v in_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o her_o body_n must_v necessary_o be_v represent_v under_o such_o a_o colour_n but_o i_o reply_v if_o this_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o her_o redness_n then_o why_o do_v she_o not_o appear_v under_o the_o same_o form_n when_o she_o be_v about_o a_o sextile_a aspect_n and_o the_o darken_a part_n of_o her_o body_n be_v discernible_a for_o then_o also_o do_v the_o same_o ray_n pass_v through_o she_o and_o therefore_o in_o all_o likelihood_n shall_v produce_v the_o same_o effect_n and_o notwithstanding_o those_o beam_n be_v then_o divert_v from_o we_o that_o they_o can_v enter_v into_o our_o eye_n by_o a_o straight_a line_n yet_o must_v the_o colour_n still_o remain_v visible_a in_o her_o body_n and_o beside_o according_a to_o this_o opinion_n the_o spot_n will_v not_o always_o be_v the_o same_o but_o divers_a as_o the_o various_a distance_n of_o the_o sun_n require_v 13._o again_o if_o the_o sun_n beam_n do_v pass_v through_o she_o why_o then_o have_v she_o not_o a_o tail_n say_v scaliger_n as_o the_o comet_n why_o do_v she_o appear_v in_o such_o a_o exact_a round_n and_o not_o rather_o attend_v with_o a_o long_a flame_n since_o it_o be_v mere_o this_o penetration_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n that_o be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o beard_n in_o blaze_a star_n 3._o it_o be_v opacous_a transparent_a or_o diaphanous_a like_o crystal_n or_o glass_n as_o empedocles_n think_v lunae_fw-la who_o hold_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o globe_n of_o pure_a congeal_a air_n like_o hail_n enclose_v in_o a_o sphere_n of_o fire_n for_o then_o 1._o why_o do_v she_o not_o always_o appear_v in_o the_o full_a since_o the_o light_n be_v disperse_v through_o all_o her_o body_n 2._o how_o can_v the_o interposition_n of_o her_o body_n so_o darken_v the_o sun_n livij_fw-la or_o cause_v such_o great_a eclipse_n as_o have_v turn_v day_n into_o night_n lunae_fw-la that_o have_v discover_v the_o star_n and_o fright_v the_o bird_n with_o such_o a_o sudden_a darkness_n that_o they_o fall_v down_o upon_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o be_v relate_v in_o divers_a history_n and_o therefore_o herodotus_n tell_v of_o a_o eclipse_n which_o fall_v in_o xerxes_n time_n describe_v it_o thus_o 37._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sun_n leave_v his_o wont_a seat_n in_o the_o heaven_n vanish_v away_o all_o which_o argue_v such_o a_o great_a darkness_n as_o can_v not_o have_v be_v if_o her_o body_n have_v be_v perspicuous_a yet_o some_o there_o be_v who_o interpret_v all_o these_o relation_n to_o be_v hyberbolicall_a expression_n and_o the_o noble_a tycho_n think_v it_o natural_o impossible_a that_o any_o eclipse_n shall_v cause_v such_o darkness_n because_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n can_v never_o total_o cover_v the_o sun_n however_o in_o this_o he_o be_v singular_a all_o other_o astronomer_n if_o i_o may_v believe_v keplar_n be_v on_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n by_o reason_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n appear_v big_a to_o we_o than_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o here_o julius_n caesar_n once_o more_o 11._o puts_z in_o to_o hinder_v our_o passage_n the_o moon_n say_v he_o be_v not_o altogether_o opacous_a because_o it_o be_v still_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o heaven_n which_o be_v incapable_a of_o total_a opacity_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v because_o perspicuity_n be_v a_o inseparable_a accident_n of_o those_o pure_a body_n and_o this_o he_o think_v must_v necessary_o be_v grant_v for_o he_o stop_v there_o and_o prove_v no_o further_o but_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v defer_v a_o answer_n till_o he_o have_v make_v up_o his_o argument_n we_o may_v frequent_o see_v that_o her_o body_n do_v so_o eclipse_v the_o sun_n as_o our_o earth_n do_v the_o moon_n and_o beside_o the_o mountain_n that_o be_v observe_v there_o do_v cast_v a_o dark_a shadow_n behind_o they_o 9_o as_o shall_v be_v show_v afterward_o since_o then_o the_o like_a interposition_n of_o they_o both_o do_v produce_v the_o like_a effect_n they_o must_v necessary_o be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n that_o be_v alike_o opacous_a which_o be_v the_o thing_n to_o be_v show_v and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n as_o the_o interpreter_n guess_n why_o aristotle_n affirm_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v of_o the_o earth_n nature_n animalib_a because_o of_o their_o agreement_n in_o opacity_n 5._o whereas_o all_o the_o other_o element_n save_o that_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n perspicuous_a but_o the_o great_a difference_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o make_v our_o earth_n altogether_o unlike_o the_o moon_n be_v because_o the_o one_o be_v a_o bright_a body_n and_o have_v light_a of_o its_o own_o and_o the_o other_o a_o gross_a dark_a body_n which_o can_v shine_v at_o all_o it_o be_v requisite_a therefore_o that_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o clear_v this_o doubt_n and_o show_v that_o the_o moon_n have_v no_o more_o light_n of_o she_o own_o than_o our_o earth_n proposition_n 5._o that_o the_o moon_n have_v not_o any_o light_n of_o she_o own_o it_o be_v the_o fancy_n of_o some_o of_o the_o jew_n and_o more_o especial_o of_o rabbi_n simeon_n gen._n that_o the_o moon_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o contract_a sun_n 4_o and_o that_o both_o those_o planet_n at_o their_o first_o creation_n be_v equal_a both_o in_o light_n and_o quantity_n for_o because_o god_n do_v then_o call_v they_o both_o great_a light_n therefore_o they_o infer_v that_o they_o must_v be_v both_o equal_a in_o bigness_n but_o a_o while_n after_o as_o the_o tradition_n go_v the_o ambitious_a moon_n put_v up_o her_o complaint_n to_o god_n against_o the_o sun_n show_v that_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a there_o shall_v be_v two_o such_o great_a light_n in_o the_o heaven_n a_o monarchy_n will_v best_o become_v the_o place_n of_o order_n and_o harmony_n upon_o this_o god_n command_v she_o to_o contract_v herself_o into_o a_o narrow_a compass_n but_o she_o be_v much_o discontent_v hereat_o reply_n what!_o because_o i_o have_v speak_v that_o which_o be_v reason_n and_o equity_n must_v i_o therefore_o be_v diminish_v this_o sentence_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o much_o trouble_v she_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n be_v she_o in_o great_a distress_n and_o grief_n for_o a_o long_a space_n but_o that_o her_o sorrow_n may_v be_v some_o way_n pacify_v god_n bid_v she_o be_v of_o good_a cheer_n because_o her_o privilege_n and_o charter_n shall_v be_v great_a than_o the_o sun_n he_o shall_v appear_v in_o the_o day_n time_n only_o she_o both_o in_o the_o day_n and_o night_n but_o her_o melancholy_n be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o this_o she_o reply_v again_o that_o that_o alas_o be_v no_o benefit_n for_o in_o the_o day_n time_n she_o shall_v be_v either_o not_o see_v or_o not_o note_v wherefore_o god_n to_o comfort_v she_o up_o promise_v that_o his_o people_n the_o israelite_n shall_v celebrate_v all_o their_o feast_n and_o holy_a day_n by_o a_o computation_n of_o her_o month_n but_o this_o be_v not_o able_a to_o content_v she_o she_o have_v look_v very_o melancholy_a ever_o since_o however_o she_o have_v still_o reserve_v much_o light_n of_o she_o own_o other_o there_o be_v that_o do_v think_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o round_a globe_n the_o one_o half_a of_o who_o body_n be_v of_o a_o bright_a substance_n the_o other_o half_o be_v dark_a and_o the_o divers_a conversion_n of_o those_o side_n towards_o our_o eye_n cause_v the_o variety_n of_o her_o appearance_n of_o this_o opinion_n be_v berosus_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o architecturae_fw-la vitruvius_n and_o 119._o st._n austin_n think_v it_o be_v probable_a enough_o but_o this_o fancy_n be_v almost_o equal_o absurd_a with_o the_o former_a and_o both_o of_o they_o sound_n rather_o like_o fable_n than_o philosophical_a truth_n you_o may_v common_o see_v
how_o this_o latter_a do_v contradict_v frequent_a and_o easy_a experience_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o that_o spot_n which_o be_v perceive_v about_o her_o middle_n when_o she_o be_v in_o the_o increase_n may_v be_v discern_v in_o the_o same_o place_n when_o she_o be_v in_o the_o full_a whence_o it_o must_v follow_v that_o the_o same_o part_n which_o be_v before_o darken_v be_v after_o enlighten_v and_o that_o the_o one_o part_n be_v not_o always_o dark_a and_o the_o other_o light_n of_o itself_o but_o enough_o of_o this_o i_o will_v be_v loath_a to_o make_v a_o enemy_n that_o i_o may_v afterward_o overcome_v he_o or_o bestow_v time_n in_o prove_v that_o which_o be_v already_o grant_v i_o suppose_v now_o that_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v any_o patron_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o confutation_n it_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o all_o side_n that_o this_o planet_n receive_v most_o of_o her_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o chief_a controversy_n be_v whether_o or_o no_o she_o have_v any_o of_o she_o own_o the_o great_a multitude_n affirm_v this_o cardan_n among_o the_o rest_n 3._o be_v very_o confident_a of_o it_o and_o he_o think_v that_o if_o any_o of_o we_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o time_n of_o her_o great_a eclipse_n lunam_fw-la aspiceremus_fw-la non_fw-la secus_fw-la ac_fw-la innumeris_fw-la cereis_n splendidissimis_fw-la accensis_fw-la atque_fw-la in_o eas_fw-la oculis_fw-la defixis_fw-la caecutiremus_fw-la we_o shall_v perceive_v so_o great_a a_o brightness_n of_o her_o own_o that_o will_v blind_v we_o with_o the_o mere_a sight_n and_o when_o she_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n than_o no_o eagle's_n eye_n if_o there_o be_v any_o there_o be_v able_a to_o look_v upon_o she_o this_o cardan_n say_v and_o he_o do_v but_o say_v it_o without_o bring_v any_o proof_n for_o its_o confirmation_n however_o i_o will_v set_v down_o the_o argument_n that_o be_v usual_o urge_v for_o this_o opinion_n and_o they_o be_v take_v either_o from_o scripture_n or_o reason_n from_o scripture_n be_v urge_v that_o place_n 1_o cor._n 15._o where_o it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v one_o glory_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o another_o glory_n of_o the_o moon_n ulysses_n albergettus_fw-la urge_v that_o in_o math._n 24._o 29._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o moon_n shall_v not_o give_v her_o light_n therefore_o say_v he_o she_o have_v some_o of_o she_o own_o but_o to_o these_o we_o may_v easy_o answer_v that_o the_o glory_n and_o light_a there_o speak_v of_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v she_o though_o it_o be_v derive_v as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o many_o other_o instance_n the_o argument_n from_o reason_n be_v take_v either_o 1._o from_o that_o light_n which_o be_v discern_v in_o she_o when_o there_o be_v a_o total_a eclipse_n of_o she_o own_o body_n or_o of_o the_o sun_n 2._o from_o the_o light_n which_o be_v discern_v in_o the_o dark_a part_n of_o her_o body_n when_o she_o be_v but_o a_o little_a distant_a from_o the_o sun_n 1._o for_o when_o there_o be_v any_o total_a eclipse_n there_o appear_v in_o her_o body_n a_o great_a redness_n and_o many_o time_n light_a enough_o to_o cause_v a_o remarkable_a shade_n as_o common_a experience_n do_v sufficient_o manifest_a but_o this_o can_v come_v from_o the_o sun_n since_o at_o such_o time_n either_o the_o earth_n or_o her_o own_o body_n shade_n she_o from_o the_o sunbeam_n therefore_o it_o must_v proceed_v from_o she_o own_o light_n 2._o two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o the_o new_a moon_n we_o may_v perceive_v light_n in_o her_o whole_a body_n whereas_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n reflect_v but_o upon_o a_o small_a part_n of_o that_o which_o be_v visible_a therefore_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o there_o be_v some_o light_n of_o she_o own_o in_o answer_v to_o these_o objection_n i_o shall_v first_o show_v that_o this_o light_n can_v be_v she_o own_o and_o then_o declare_v that_o which_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o it_o that_o it_o be_v not_o her_o own_o appear_v 1_o because_o then_o she_o will_v always_o retain_v it_o but_o she_o have_v be_v sometime_o altogether_o invisible_a when_o as_o notwithwand_v some_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n of_o the_o four_o or_o five_o magnitude_n may_v easy_o have_v be_v discern_v close_o by_o she_o 2._o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o year_n 1620._o 2_o this_o may_v appear_v likewise_o from_o the_o variety_n of_o it_o at_o divers_a time_n for_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o sometime_o it_o be_v of_o a_o bright_a sometime_o of_o a_o dark_a appearance_n now_o red_a and_o at_o another_o time_n of_o a_o more_o duskish_a colour_n the_o observation_n of_o this_o variety_n in_o divers_a eclipse_n you_o may_v see_v set_v down_o by_o keplar_n and_o many_o other_o 3._o but_o now_o this_o can_v not_o be_v if_o that_o light_n be_v she_o own_o that_o be_v constant_o the_o same_o and_o without_o any_o reason_n of_o such_o a_o alteration_n so_o that_o thus_o i_o may_v argue_v if_o there_o be_v any_o light_n proper_a to_o the_o moon_n then_o will_v that_o planet_n appear_v bright_a when_o she_o be_v eclipse_v in_o her_o perige_n be_v near_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o consequent_o more_o obscure_a and_o duskish_a when_o she_o be_v in_o her_o apoge_n or_o far_a from_o it_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o near_a any_o enlighten_v body_n come_v to_o the_o sight_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o strong_a be_v the_o species_n and_o the_o better_o perceive_v this_o sequel_n be_v grant_v by_o some_o of_o our_o adversary_n 10._o and_o they_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o noble_a tycho_n si_fw-mi luna_fw-la genuino_fw-la gauderet_fw-la lumine_fw-la utique_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o umbra_fw-la terrae_fw-la esset_fw-la illud_fw-la non_fw-la amitteret_fw-la sed_fw-la eo_fw-la evidentiùs_fw-la exereret_fw-la omne_fw-la enim_fw-la lumen_fw-la in_o tenebris_fw-la plus_fw-la splendet_fw-la cum_fw-la alio_fw-la majore_fw-la fulgore_fw-la non_fw-la praepeditur_fw-la if_o the_o moon_n have_v any_o light_n of_o she_o own_o then_o will_v she_o not_o lose_v it_o in_o the_o earth_n shadow_n but_o rather_o shine_v more_o clear_o since_o every_o light_n appear_v great_a in_o the_o dark_a when_o it_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o a_o more_o perspicuous_a brightness_n but_o now_o the_o event_n fall_v out_o clean_a contrary_n 164._o as_o observation_n do_v manifest_a and_o our_o opposite_n themselves_z do_v grant_v the_o moon_n appear_v with_o a_o more_o red_a and_o clear_a light_n when_o she_o be_v eclipse_v be_v in_o her_o apoge_n or_o far_a distance_n and_o a_o more_o blackish_a iron_n colour_n when_o she_o be_v in_o her_o perige_n or_o near_a to_o we_o therefore_o she_o have_v not_o any_o light_n of_o she_o own_o nor_o may_v we_o think_v that_o the_o earth_n shadow_n can_v cloud_v the_o proper_a light_n of_o the_o moon_n from_o appear_v or_o take_v away_o any_o thing_n from_o her_o inherent_a brightness_n for_o this_o be_v to_o think_v a_o shadow_n to_o be_v a_o body_n a_o opinion_n altogether_o misbecome_v a_o philosopher_n as_o tycho_n grant_v in_o the_o forecited_n place_n nec_fw-la umbra_fw-la terrae_fw-la corporeum_fw-la quid_fw-la est_fw-la aut_fw-la densa_fw-la aliqua_fw-la substantia_fw-la ut_fw-la lunae_fw-la lumen_fw-la obtenebrare_fw-la possit_fw-la atque_fw-la id_fw-la visui_fw-la nostro_fw-la praeripere_fw-la sed_fw-la est_fw-la quaedam_fw-la privatio_fw-la luminis_fw-la solaris_fw-la ob_fw-la interpositum_fw-la opacum_fw-la corpus_fw-la terrae_fw-la nor_o be_v the_o earth_n shadow_n any_o corporal_a thing_n or_o thick_a substance_n that_o it_o can_v cloud_v the_o moon_n brightness_n or_o take_v it_o away_o from_o our_o sight_n but_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a privation_n of_o the_o sun_n light_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n opacous_a body_n 3_o if_o she_o have_v any_o light_n of_o she_o own_o then_o that_o will_v in_o itself_o be_v either_o such_o a_o ruddy_a brightness_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o eclipse_n or_o else_o such_o a_o leaden_a duskish_a light_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o dark_a part_n of_o her_o body_n when_o she_o be_v a_o little_a past_o the_o conjunction_n that_o it_o must_v be_v one_o of_o these_o may_v follow_v from_o the_o opposite_a argument_n but_o it_o be_v neither_o of_o these_o therefore_o she_o have_v none_o of_o her_o own_o 1_o it_o be_v not_o such_o a_o ruddy_a light_n as_o appear_v in_o eclipse_n for_o then_o why_o can_v we_o not_o see_v the_o like_a redness_n when_o we_o may_v discern_v the_o obscure_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n you_o will_v say_v perhaps_o that_o then_o the_o nearness_n of_o that_o great_a light_n take_v away_o that_o appearance_n i_o reply_v this_o can_v be_v for_o then_o why_o do_v mars_n shine_v with_o his_o wont_a redness_n when_o he_o be_v near_o the_o moon_n or_o why_o can_v her_o great_a brightness_n make_v he_o appear_v white_a as_o the_o other_o planet_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o
the_o moon_n descend_v to_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o love_n of_o endymion_n with_o such_o ridiculous_a interpretation_n of_o these_o and_o the_o like_a fable_n which_o any_o reasonable_a consider_v man_n can_v conceive_v to_o proceed_v from_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v distract_v no_o less_o fantastical_a in_o this_o kind_n be_v the_o jewish_a rabbi_n among_o who_o be_v not_o any_o opinion_n whether_o in_o nature_n or_o policy_n whether_o true_a or_o false_a but_o some_o of_o they_o by_o a_o cabalistical_a interpretation_n can_v father_n it_o upon_o a_o dark_a place_n of_o scripture_n or_o if_o need_v be_v upon_o a_o text_n that_o be_v clean_a contrary_n there_o be_v not_o any_o absurdity_n so_o gross_a and_o incredible_a for_o which_o these_o abuser_n of_o the_o text_n will_v not_o find_v out_o a_o argument_n whereas_o it_o be_v the_o more_o natural_a way_n and_o shall_v be_v observe_v in_o all_o controversy_n to_o apply_v unto_o every_o thing_n the_o proper_a proof_n of_o it_o and_o when_o we_o deal_v with_o philosophical_a truth_n to_o keep_v ourselves_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o humane_a reason_n and_o authority_n but_o this_o by_o the_o way_n for_o the_o better_a proof_n of_o this_o proposition_n i_o may_v here_o cite_v the_o testimony_n of_o diodorus_n who_o think_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v full_a of_o rugged_a place_n velut_fw-la terrestribus_fw-la tumulis_fw-la superciliosam_fw-la but_o he_o err_v much_o in_o some_o circumstance_n of_o this_o opinion_n especial_o where_o he_o say_v there_o be_v a_o island_n among_o the_o hyperborean_n wherein_o those_o hill_n may_v to_o the_o eye_n be_v plain_o discover_v and_o for_o this_o reason_n 15._o caelius_n call_v he_o a_o fabulous_a writer_n but_o you_o may_v see_v more_o express_a authority_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o anaxagoras_n and_o democritus_n 25._o who_o hold_v that_o this_o planet_n be_v full_a of_o champion_n ground_n mountain_n and_o valley_n and_o this_o seem_v likewise_o probable_a unto_o augustinus_n nifus_n 49._o who_o word_n be_v these_o forsitan_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la remotum_fw-la dicere_fw-la lunae_fw-la part_n esse_fw-la diversas_fw-la veluti_fw-la sunt_fw-la part_n terrae_fw-la quarum_fw-la aliae_fw-la sunt_fw-la vallosae_fw-la aliae_fw-la montosae_fw-la ex_fw-la quarum_fw-la differentia_fw-la effici_fw-la potest_fw-la facies_fw-la illa_fw-la lunae_fw-la nec_fw-la est_fw-la rationi_fw-la dissonum_fw-la nam_fw-la luna_fw-la est_fw-la corpus_fw-la imperfectè_fw-la sphaericum_fw-la cum_fw-la sit_fw-la corpus_fw-la ab_fw-la ultimo_fw-la coelo_fw-la elongatum_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la dixit_fw-la aristoteles_n perhaps_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v that_o the_o part_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v divers_a as_o the_o part_n of_o this_o earth_n whereof_o some_o be_v valley_n and_o some_o mountain_n from_o the_o difference_n of_o which_o some_o spot_n in_o the_o moon_n may_v proceed_v nor_o be_v this_o against_o reason_n for_o that_o planet_n can_v be_v perfecty_n spherical_a since_o it_o be_v so_o remote_a a_o body_n from_o the_o first_o orb_n as_o aristotle_n have_v say_v before_o you_o may_v see_v this_o truth_n assent_v unto_o by_o blancanus_n the_o jesuit_n 4._o and_o by_o he_o confirm_v with_o divers_a reason_n keplar_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o moon_n eclipse_n 9_o that_o the_o division_n of_o she_o enlighten_v part_n from_o the_o shade_a be_v make_v by_o a_o crooked_a unequal_a line_n of_o which_o there_o can_v be_v any_o probable_a cause_n conceive_v unless_o it_o do_v arise_v from_o the_o ruggednes_n of_o that_o planet_n for_o it_o can_v at_o all_o be_v produce_v from_o the_o shade_n of_o any_o mountain_n here_o upon_o earth_n because_o these_o will_v be_v so_o lessen_v before_o they_o can_v reach_v so_o high_a in_o a_o conicall_a shadow_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v at_o all_o sensible_a unto_o we_o as_o might_n easy_o be_v demonstrate_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v conceive_v what_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n there_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o sun_n wherefore_o there_o be_v no_o other_o body_n that_o have_v any_o thing_n to_o do_v in_o eclipse_n we_o must_v necessary_o conclude_v that_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o a_o variety_n of_o part_n in_o the_o moon_n itself_o and_o what_o can_v these_o be_v but_o its_o gibbosiâ—â—ties_n now_o if_o you_o shall_v ask_v a_o reason_n why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o multitude_n of_o these_o in_o that_o planet_n the_o same_o keplar_n shall_v jest_v you_o out_o a_o answer_n suppose_v say_v he_o that_o those_o inhabitant_n be_v big_a than_o any_o of_o we_o in_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o their_o day_n be_v long_o than_o we_o viz._n by_o fifteen_o time_n it_o may_v be_v for_o want_v of_o stone_n to_o erect_v such_o vast_a house_n as_o be_v requisite_a for_o their_o body_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o dig_v great_a and_o round_o hollow_n in_o the_o earth_n where_o they_o may_v both_o procure_v water_n for_o their_o thirst_n and_o turn_v about_o with_o the_o shade_n selenogra_fw-la may_v avoid_v those_o great_a heat_n which_o otherwise_o they_o will_v be_v liable_a unto_o or_o if_o you_o will_v give_v caesar_n la_fw-fr galla_n leave_v to_o guess_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o will_v rather_o think_v that_o those_o thirsty_a nation_n cast_v up_o so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a heap_n of_o earth_n in_o dig_v of_o their_o wine_n cellar_n but_o this_o only_a by_o the_o way_n i_o shall_v next_o produce_v the_o eyewitness_n of_o galilaeus_fw-la sydereus_n on_o which_o i_o most_o of_o all_o depend_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o proposition_n when_o he_o behold_v the_o new_a moon_n through_o his_o perspective_n it_o appear_v to_o he_o under_o a_o rugged_a and_o spot_a figure_n seem_v to_o have_v the_o dark_a and_o enlighten_v part_n divide_v by_o a_o tortuous_a line_n have_v some_o parcel_n of_o light_n at_o a_o good_a distance_n from_o the_o other_o and_o this_o difference_n be_v so_o remarkable_a that_o you_o may_v easy_o perceive_v it_o through_o one_o of_o those_o ordinary_a perspective_n which_o be_v common_o sell_v among_o we_o but_o for_o your_o better_a apprehend_v of_o what_o i_o deliver_v i_o will_v set_v down_o the_o figure_n as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o galilaeus_fw-la suppose_v a_o b_o c_o d_o to_n represent_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o moon_n body_n be_v in_o a_o sextile_n you_o may_v see_v some_o bright_a part_n separate_v at_o a_o pretty_a distance_n from_o the_o other_o which_o can_v be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n upon_o some_o part_n that_o be_v high_o than_o the_o rest_n and_o those_o obscure_a gibbosity_n which_o stand_v out_o towards_o the_o enlighten_v part_n must_v be_v such_o hollow_a and_o deep_a place_n whereto_o the_o ray_n can_v reach_v but_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v get_v far_o off_o from_o the_o sun_n and_o come_v to_o that_o fullness_n as_o this_o line_n b_o d_o do_v represent_v she_o under_o then_o do_v these_o part_n also_o receive_v a_o equal_a light_n except_v only_o that_o difference_n which_o do_v appear_v betwixt_o their_o sea_n &_o land_n and_o if_o you_o do_v consider_v how_o any_o rugged_a body_n will_v appear_v be_v enlighten_v you_o will_v easy_o conceive_v that_o it_o must_v necessary_o seem_v under_o some_o such_o gibbous_a unequal_a form_n as_o the_o moon_n be_v here_o represent_v now_o for_o the_o infallibility_n of_o these_o appearance_n i_o shall_v refer_v the_o reader_n to_o that_o which_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o six_o proposition_n but_o caesar_n la_fw-fr galla_n affirm_v that_o all_o these_o appearance_n may_v consist_v with_o a_o plain_a superficies_n if_o we_o suppose_v the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n to_o be_v some_o of_o they_o diaphanous_a and_o some_o opacous_a and_o if_o you_o object_n that_o the_o light_n which_o be_v convayd_v to_o any_o diaphanous_a part_n in_o a_o plain_a superficies_n must_v be_v by_o a_o continue_a line_n whereas_o here_o there_o appear_v many_o bright_a part_n among_o the_o obscure_a at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o rest_n to_o this_o he_o answer_v it_o may_v arise_v from_o some_o secret_a conveyance_n and_o channel_n within_o her_o body_n that_o do_v consist_v of_o a_o more_o diaphanous_a matter_n which_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o opacous_a superficies_n the_o light_n pass_v through_o they_o may_v break_v out_o a_o great_a way_n off_o whereas_o the_o other_o part_n betwixt_o may_v still_o remain_v dark_a just_o as_o the_o river_n arethusa_n in_o sicily_n which_o run_v under_o ground_n for_o a_o great_a way_n and_o afterward_o break_v out_o again_o but_o because_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a fancy_n whereby_o he_o think_v he_o have_v full_o answer_v the_o argument_n of_o this_o opinion_n i_o will_v therefore_o set_v down_o his_o answer_n in_o his_o own_o word_n lest_o the_o reader_n may_v suspect_v more_o in_o they_o than_o i_o have_v express_v 11._o non_fw-fr est_fw-fr impossibile_fw-it coecos_fw-la
radiis_fw-la illustrata_fw-la non_fw-la aliam_fw-la profecto_fw-la visam_fw-la iri_fw-la probabile_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la qualis_fw-la modo_fw-la visatur_fw-la lunaris_fw-la globi_fw-la species_n if_o you_o conceive_v yourself_o to_o be_v in_o some_o such_o high_a place_n where_o you_o may_v discern_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n when_o it_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n ray_n it_o be_v probable_a it_o will_v then_o appear_v to_o you_o in_o the_o same_o shape_n as_o the_o moon_n do_v now_o unto_o we_o fantonum_fw-la so_o paulus_n foscarinus_n terra_fw-la nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la altera_fw-la luna_fw-la vel_fw-la stella_fw-la talisque_fw-la nobis_fw-la appareret_fw-la si_fw-la ex_fw-la convenienti_fw-la elongatione_fw-la eminus_fw-la conspiciretur_fw-la in_fw-la ipsaque_fw-la observari_fw-la possent_fw-la eaedem_fw-la aspectuum_fw-la varietates_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o lunâ_fw-la apparent_a the_o earth_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o another_o moon_n or_o star_n and_o will_v appear_v so_o unto_o we_o if_o it_o be_v behold_v at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n with_o the_o same_o change_n and_o variety_n as_o there_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n thus_o also_o carolus_n malapertius_n syd_v who_o word_n be_v these_o terra_fw-la haec_fw-la nostra_fw-la si_fw-la in_o luna_fw-la constituti_fw-la essemus_fw-la splendida_fw-la prorsus_fw-la quasi_fw-la non_fw-la ignobilis_fw-la planeta_fw-la nobis_fw-la appareret_fw-la if_o we_o be_v place_v in_o the_o moon_n and_o from_o thence_o behold_v this_o our_o earth_n it_o will_v appear_v unto_o we_o very_o bright_a like_o one_o of_o the_o noble_a planet_n 2._o unto_o these_o do_v fromondus_n assent_v when_o he_o say_v credo_fw-la equidem_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la oculus_fw-la quispiam_fw-la in_o orbe_fw-la lunari_fw-la foret_fw-la globum_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o aquae_fw-la instar_fw-la ingentis_fw-la syderis_fw-la à _fw-la sole_a illustrem_fw-la conspiceret_fw-la i_o believe_v that_o this_o globe_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n will_v appear_v like_o some_o great_a star_n to_o any_o one_o who_o shall_v look_v upon_o it_o from_o the_o moon_n now_o this_o can_v not_o be_v nor_o can_v it_o shine_v so_o remarkable_o unless_o the_o beam_n of_o light_n be_v reflect_v from_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o same_o fromondus_n express_o hold_v that_o the_o first_o region_n of_o air_n be_v there_o terminate_v where_o the_o heat_n cause_v by_o reflection_n begin_v to_o languish_v whereas_o the_o beam_n themselves_o do_v pass_v a_o great_a way_n further_o the_o chief_a argument_n which_o do_v most_o plain_o manifest_v this_o truth_n be_v take_v from_o a_o common_a observation_n which_o may_v be_v easy_o try_v if_o you_o behold_v the_o moon_n a_o little_a before_o or_o after_o the_o conjunction_n when_o she_o be_v in_o a_o sextile_n with_o the_o sun_n you_o may_v discern_v not_o only_o the_o part_n which_o be_v enlighten_v but_o the_o rest_n also_o to_o have_v in_o it_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o duskish_a light_n but_o if_o you_o choose_v out_o such_o a_o situation_n where_o some_o house_n or_o chimney_n be_v some_o 70_o or_o 80_o pace_n distant_a from_o you_o may_v hide_v from_o your_o eye_n the_o enlighten_v horn_n you_o may_v then_o discern_v a_o great_a and_o more_o remarkable_a shine_a in_o those_o part_n unto_o which_o the_o sun_n beam_n can_v reach_v nay_o there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o light_n that_o by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o good_a perspective_n you_o may_v discern_v its_o spot_n in_o so_o much_o that_o blancanus_n the_o jesuit_n speak_v of_o it_o say_z 3._o haec_fw-la experientia_fw-la ita_fw-la i_o aliquando_fw-la fefellit_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o hunc_fw-la fulgorem_fw-la casu_fw-la ac_fw-la repent_v incidens_fw-la existimarim_n novo_fw-la quodam_fw-la miraculo_fw-la tempore_fw-la adolescentis_fw-la lunae_fw-la factum_fw-la esse_fw-la plenilunium_fw-la this_o experiment_n do_v once_o so_o deceive_v i_o that_o happen_v upon_o the_o sight_n of_o this_o brightness_n upon_o a_o sudden_a i_o think_v that_o by_o some_o new_a miracle_n the_o moon_n have_v be_v get_v into_o her_o full_a a_o little_a after_o her_o change_n but_o now_o this_o light_n be_v not_o proper_a to_o the_o moon_n it_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o do_v penetrate_v her_o body_n nor_o be_v it_o cause_v by_o any_o other_o of_o the_o planet_n and_o star_n therefore_o it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o earth_n the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o as_o for_o the_o last_o it_o be_v confident_o affirm_v by_o caelius_n 5._o quod_fw-la si_fw-la in_o disquisitionem_fw-la evocet_fw-la quis_fw-la a_o lunari_fw-la syderi_fw-la lucem_fw-la foenerent_fw-la planetae_fw-la item_n alii_fw-la asseveranter_fw-la astruendum_fw-la non_fw-la foenerare_fw-la if_o any_o shall_v ask_v whether_o the_o other_o planet_n lend_v any_o light_n to_o the_o moon_n i_o answer_v they_o do_v not_o true_o indeed_o the_o noble_a tycho_n discuss_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o light_a attribute_n it_o to_o the_o planet_n venus_n 1._o and_o i_o grant_v that_o this_o may_v convey_v some_o light_n to_o the_o moon_n but_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o whereof_o we_o now_o discourse_v be_v of_o itself_o sufficient_o plain_a because_o venus_n be_v sometime_o over_o the_o moon_n when_o as_o she_o can_v convey_v any_o light_n to_o that_o part_n which_o be_v turn_v from_o she_o it_o do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o fix_a star_n for_o than_o it_o will_v retain_v the_o same_o light_n in_o eclipse_n whereas_o the_o light_n at_o such_o time_n be_v more_o ruddy_a and_o dull_a then_o also_o the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n will_v not_o be_v great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o its_o distance_n from_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o earth_n shadow_n since_o it_o do_v at_o all_o time_n equal_o participate_v this_o light_n of_o the_o star_n in_o brief_a this_o be_v neither_o proper_a to_o the_o moon_n nor_o do_v it_o proceed_v from_o any_o penetration_n of_o the_o sun_n ray_n or_o the_o shine_a of_o venus_n or_o the_o other_o planet_n or_o the_o fix_a star_n now_o because_o there_o be_v no_o other_o body_n in_o the_o whole_a universe_n save_o the_o earth_n it_o remain_v that_o this_o light_n must_v necessary_o be_v cause_v by_o that_o which_o with_o a_o just_a gratitude_n repay_v to_o the_o moon_n such_o illumination_n as_o it_o receive_v from_o she_o and_o as_o love_a friend_n equal_o participate_v of_o the_o same_o joy_n and_o grief_n so_o do_v these_o mutual_o partake_v of_o the_o same_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o same_o darkness_n from_o the_o eclipse_n be_v allo_fw-la severally_z help_v by_o one_o another_o in_o their_o great_a want_n for_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o sun_n &_o her_o upper_a part_n receive_v all_o the_o light_n than_o her_o low_a hemisphere_n which_o will_v otherwise_o be_v altogether_o dark_a be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n from_o the_o earth_n when_o these_o two_o planet_n be_v in_o opposition_n than_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v not_o receive_v any_o light_n from_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v most_o enlighten_v by_o the_o moon_n be_v then_o in_o her_o full_a and_o as_o she_o do_v most_o illuminate_v the_o earth_n when_o the_o sunbeam_n can_v so_o the_o grateful_a earth_n return_v to_o she_o as_o great_a nay_o great_a light_v when_o she_o most_o want_v it_o so_o that_o always_o that_o visible_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o receive_v nothing_o from_o the_o sun_n be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o earth_n as_o be_v prove_v by_o galilaeus_fw-la with_o many_o more_o argument_n in_o that_o treatise_n which_o he_o call_v systema_fw-la mundi_fw-la true_o indeed_o when_o the_o moon_n come_v to_o a_o quartile_a than_o you_o can_v neither_o discern_v this_o light_n nor_o yet_o the_o dark_a part_n of_o her_o body_n and_o that_o for_o a_o double_a reason_n 1._o because_o the_o near_a it_o come_v to_o the_o full_a the_o less_o light_n do_v it_o receive_v from_o the_o earth_n who_o illumination_n do_v always_o decrease_v in_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o the_o moon_n do_v increase_v 2._o because_o of_o the_o exuperancy_n of_o the_o light_n in_o the_o other_o part_n quip_n illustratum_fw-la medium_n speciem_fw-la recipit_fw-la valentiorem_fw-la 62._o the_o clear_a brightness_n involve_v the_o weak_a it_o be_v with_o the_o species_n of_o sight_n as_o it_o be_v with_o those_o of_o sound_n and_o as_o the_o great_a noise_n drown_v the_o less_o so_o the_o bright_a object_n hide_v that_o which_o be_v more_o obscure_a but_o as_o they_o do_v always_o in_o their_o mutual_a vicissitude_n participate_v of_o one_o another_o light_n so_o also_o do_v they_o partake_v of_o the_o same_o defect_n and_o darken_n for_o when_o our_o moon_n be_v eclipse_v then_o be_v their_o sun_n darken_v and_o when_o our_o sun_n be_v eclipse_v they_o be_v their_o moon_n deprive_v of_o its_o light_n as_o you_o may_v see_v affirm_v by_o meslin_n quod_fw-la si_fw-la
there_o that_o she_o appear_v as_o exact_o round_a through_o it_o as_o she_o do_v to_o the_o bare_a eye_n certain_o then_o either_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o you_o imagine_v or_o else_o the_o glass_n fail_v much_o in_o this_o discovery_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v answer_v out_o of_o galilaeus_fw-la 1._o you_o must_v know_v that_o there_o be_v not_o mere_o one_o rank_n of_o mountain_n about_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o divers_a order_n one_o mountain_n behind_o another_o and_o so_o there_o be_v somewhat_o to_o hinder_v those_o void_a space_n which_o otherwise_o perhaps_o may_v appear_v now_o where_o there_o be_v many_o hill_n the_o ground_n seem_v even_o to_o a_o man_n that_o can_v see_v the_o top_n of_o all_o thus_o when_o the_o sea_n rage_v and_o many_o vast_a wave_n be_v lift_v up_o yet_o all_o may_v appear_v plain_a enough_o to_o one_o that_o stand_v at_o the_o shore_n so_o where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o hill_n the_o inequality_n will_v be_v less_o remarkable_a if_o it_o be_v discern_v at_o a_o distance_n 2._o though_o there_o be_v mountain_n in_o that_o part_n which_o appear_v unto_o we_o to_o be_v the_o limb_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o well_o as_o in_o any_o other_o place_n yet_o the_o bright_a vapour_n hide_v their_o appearance_n for_o there_o be_v a_o orb_n of_o thick_a vaporous_a air_n that_o do_v immediate_o compass_v the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o though_o it_o have_v not_o so_o great_a opacity_n as_o to_o terminate_v the_o sight_n yet_o be_v once_o enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n it_o do_v represent_v the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n under_o a_o great_a form_n and_o hinder_v our_o sight_n from_o a_o distinct_a view_n of_o her_o true_a circumference_n but_o of_o this_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n 3._o keplar_n have_v observe_v 207._o that_o in_o the_o solary_a eclipse_n when_o the_o ray_n may_v pass_v through_o this_o vaporous_a air_n there_o be_v some_o gibbosity_n to_o be_v discern_v in_o the_o limb_n of_o the_o moon_n i_o have_v now_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v hill_n in_o the_o moon_n and_o hence_o it_o may_v seem_v likely_a that_o there_o be_v also_o a_o world_n for_o since_o providence_n have_v some_o special_a end_n in_o all_o its_o work_n certain_o then_o these_o mountain_n be_v not_o produce_v in_o vain_a and_o what_o more_o probable_a meaning_n can_v we_o conceive_v there_o shall_v be_v 10._o than_o to_o make_v that_o place_n convenient_a for_o habitation_n proposition_n 10._o that_o there_o be_v a_o atmo-sphaera_a or_o a_o orb_n of_o gross_a vaporous_a air_n immediate_o encompass_v the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n as_o that_o part_n of_o our_o air_n which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o earth_n be_v of_o a_o thick_a substance_n than_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n it_o be_v always_o mix_v with_o some_o vapour_n which_o be_v continual_o exhale_v into_o it_o so_o be_v it_o equal_o requisite_a that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o world_n in_o the_o moon_n that_o the_o air_n about_o that_o shall_v be_v alike_o qualify_v with_o we_o now_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o orb_n of_o gross_a air_n be_v first_o of_o all_o for_o aught_o i_o can_v read_v observe_v by_o meslin_n afterward_o assent_v unto_o by_o keplar_n and_o galilaeus_fw-la nat._n and_o since_o by_o baptista_n cisacus_fw-la sheiner_n with_o other_o all_o of_o they_o confirm_v it_o by_o the_o same_o argument_n which_o i_o shall_v only_o cite_v 11._o and_o then_o leave_v this_o proposition_n 1._o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o sphere_n of_o grosser_n air_n about_o the_o moon_n because_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v such_o kind_n of_o evaporation_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n itself_o for_o there_o be_v discover_v divers_a movable_a spot_n like_o cloud_n that_o do_v encompass_v his_o body_n which_o those_o author_n who_o have_v be_v most_o frequent_o verse_v in_o these_o kind_n of_o experiment_n and_o study_n do_v conclude_v to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o evaporation_n from_o it_o the_o probability_n and_o truth_n of_o which_o observation_n may_v also_o be_v infer_v from_o some_o other_o appearance_n as_o 1._o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o sun_n have_v sometime_o for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o day_n together_o 28._o appear_v as_o dull_a and_o ruddy_a almost_o as_o the_o moon_n in_o her_o eclipse_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o star_n have_v be_v see_v at_o midday_n nay_o he_o have_v be_v constant_o darken_v for_o almost_o a_o whole_a year_n and_o never_o shine_v but_o with_o a_o kind_n of_o heavy_a and_o duskish_a light_n so_o that_o there_o be_v scarce_o heat_n enough_o to_o ripen_v the_o fruit_n as_o it_o be_v about_o the_o time_n when_o caesar_n be_v kill_v which_o be_v record_v by_o some_o of_o the_o poet_n thus_o virgil_n speak_v of_o the_o sun_n ille_fw-la etiam_fw-la extincto_fw-la miseratus_fw-la caesar_fw-la romam_fw-la 1._o cum_fw-la caput_fw-la obscurâ_fw-la nitidum_fw-la ferrugine_fw-la texit_fw-la impiaque_fw-la aeternam_fw-la timueruut_n saecula_fw-la noctem_fw-la he_o pity_v romé_n when_o as_o great_a caesar_n die_v his_o head_n within_o a_o mourn_a veil_n do_v hide_v and_o thus_o the_o wicked_a guilty_a world_n do_v fright_v with_o doubtful_a fear_n of_o a_o eternal_a night_n ovid_n likewise_o speak_v of_o his_o death_n solis_fw-la quoque_fw-la tristis_fw-la imago_fw-la lurida_fw-la sollicitis_fw-la praebebat_fw-la lumina_fw-la terris_fw-la 15_o the_o sun_n sad_a image_n than_o do_v yield_v a_o lower_a light_n to_o fearful_a man_n now_o these_o appearance_n can_v not_o arise_v from_o any_o low_a vapour_n for_o than_o 1._o they_o will_v not_o have_v be_v so_o universal_a as_o they_o be_v be_v see_v through_o all_o europe_n or_o else_o 2._o that_o vapour_n must_v have_v cover_v the_o star_n as_o well_o as_o the_o sun_n which_o yet_o notwithstanding_o be_v then_o plain_o discern_v in_o the_o day_n time_n you_o may_v see_v this_o argument_n illustrate_v in_o another_o the_o like_a case_n chap._n 12._o hence_o than_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o this_o fuliginous_a matter_n which_o do_v thus_o obscure_a the_o sun_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o near_o his_o body_n and_o if_o so_o then_o what_o can_v we_o more_o probable_o guess_v it_o to_o be_v than_o evaporation_n from_o it_o 2._o it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o sun_n total_a eclipse_n when_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o his_o body_n discernible_a yet_o there_o do_v not_o always_o follow_v so_o great_a a_o darkness_n as_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o his_o total_a absence_n now_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o these_o thick_a vapour_n be_v enlighten_v by_o his_o beam_n do_v convey_v some_o light_n unto_o we_o notwithstanding_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o moon_n betwixt_o his_o body_n and_o our_o earth_n 3._o this_o likewise_o be_v by_o some_o guest_n to_o be_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la or_o that_o light_n which_o we_o have_v before_o the_o sun_n rise_n now_o if_o there_o be_v such_o evaporation_n from_o the_o sun_n much_o more_o than_o from_o the_o moon_n which_o do_v consist_v of_o a_o more_o gross_a and_o impure_a substance_n the_o other_o argument_n be_v take_v from_o several_a observation_n in_o the_o moon_n herself_o and_o do_v more_o direct_o tend_v to_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o proposition_n 2._o it_o be_v observe_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o moon_n as_o be_v enlighten_v be_v always_o part_n of_o a_o big_a circle_n than_o that_o which_o be_v dark_a the_o frequent_a experience_n of_o other_o have_v prove_v this_o and_o a_o easy_a observation_n may_v quick_o confirm_v it_o but_o now_o this_o can_v proceed_v from_o any_o other_o cause_n so_o probable_a as_o from_o this_o orb_n of_o air_n especial_o when_o we_o consider_v how_o that_o planet_n shine_v with_o a_o borrow_a light_n do_v not_o send_v forth_o any_o such_o ray_n as_o may_v make_v her_o appearance_n big_a than_o her_o body_n 3._o when_o the_o moon_n be_v half_o enlighten_v begin_v to_o cover_v any_o star_n if_o the_o star_n be_v towards_o the_o obscure_a part_n then_o may_v it_o by_o the_o perspective_n be_v discern_v to_o be_v near_o unto_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o moon_n than_o the_o outward_a circumference_n of_o the_o enlighten_v part_n but_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o full_a then_o do_v it_o seem_v to_o receive_v these_o star_n within_o its_o limb_n 4._o though_o the_o moon_n do_v sometime_o appear_v the_o first_o day_n of_o her_o change_n when_o so_o much_o as_o appear_v enlighten_v can_v be_v above_o the_o 80_o part_n of_o her_o diameter_n yet_o then_o will_v the_o horn_n seem_v at_o least_o to_o be_v of_o a_o finger_n breadth_n in_o extension_n which_o can_v not_o be_v unless_o the_o air_n about_o it_o be_v illuminate_v 5._o it_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o solary_n eclipse_n that_o there_o be_v
terram_fw-la nobis_fw-la ex_fw-la alto_fw-mi liceret_fw-la intueri_fw-la 2._o quemadmodum_fw-la deficientem_fw-la lunam_fw-la ex_fw-la longinquo_fw-la spectare_fw-la possumus_fw-la videremus_fw-la tempore_fw-la eclipsis_n solis_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliquam_fw-la partem_fw-la lumine_fw-la solis_fw-la deficere_fw-la eodem_fw-la planè_fw-la modo_fw-la sicut_fw-la ex_fw-la opposito_fw-la luna_fw-la deficit_fw-la if_o we_o may_v behold_v this_o globe_n of_o earth_n at_o the_o same_o distance_n as_o we_o do_v the_o moon_n in_o her_o defect_n we_o may_v discern_v some_o part_n of_o it_o darken_v in_o the_o sun_n eclipse_n just_o so_o as_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o she_o for_o as_o our_o moon_n be_v eclipse_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o our_o earth_n so_o be_v their_o moon_n eclipse_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o they_o the_o manner_n of_o this_o mutual_a illumination_n betwixt_o these_o two_o you_o may_v plain_o discern_v in_o this_o figure_n follow_v where_o a_o represent_v the_o sun_n b_o the_o earth_n and_o c_o the_o moon_n now_o suppose_v the_o moon_n c_o to_o be_v in_o a_o sextile_n of_o increase_n when_o there_o be_v only_o one_o small_a part_n of_o her_o body_n enlighten_v than_o the_o earth_n b_o will_v have_v such_o a_o part_n of_o its_o visible_a hemisphere_n darken_v as_o be_v proportionable_a to_o that_o part_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v enlighten_v and_o as_o for_o so_o much_o of_o the_o moon_n as_o the_o sunbeam_n can_v reach_v unto_o it_o receive_v light_a from_o a_o proportional_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o shine_v upon_o it_o as_o you_o may_v plain_o perceive_v by_o the_o figure_n you_o see_v then_o that_o agreement_n and_o similitude_n which_o there_o be_v betwixt_o our_o earth_n and_o the_o moon_n now_o the_o great_a difference_n which_o make_v they_o unlike_a be_v this_o that_o the_o moon_n enlighten_v our_o earth_n round_o about_o whereas_o our_o earth_n give_v light_n only_o to_o that_o hemisphere_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v visible_a unto_o we_o as_o may_v be_v certain_o gather_v from_o the_o constant_a appearance_n of_o the_o same_o spot_n which_o can_v not_o thus_o come_v to_o pass_v if_o the_o moon_n have_v such_o a_o diurnal_a motion_n about_o its_o own_o axis_fw-la as_o perhaps_o our_o earth_n have_v and_o though_o some_o suppose_v she_o to_o move_v in_o a_o epicycle_n yet_o this_o do_v not_o so_o turn_v her_o body_n round_o that_o we_o may_v discern_v both_o hemisphere_n for_o according_a to_o that_o hypothesis_n say_v they_o the_o motion_n of_o her_o eccentrick_a do_v turn_v her_o face_n towards_o we_o as_o much_o as_o the_o other_o do_v from_o we_o but_o now_o if_o any_o question_n what_o they_o do_v for_o a_o moon_n who_o live_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o her_o body_n i_o answer_v the_o solving_a of_o this_o be_v the_o most_o uncertain_a and_o difficult_a thing_n that_o i_o know_v of_o concern_v this_o whole_a matter_n but_o yet_o unto_o i_o this_o seem_v a_o probable_a conjecture_n that_o the_o upper_a hemisphere_n of_o the_o moon_n do_v receive_v a_o sufficient_a light_n from_o those_o planet_n about_o it_o and_o among_o these_o venus_n it_o may_v be_v bestow_v a_o more_o especial_a brightness_n since_o galilaeus_fw-la have_v plain_o discern_v that_o she_o suffer_v the_o same_o increase_v and_o decrease_v as_o the_o moon_n have_v and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o this_o may_v be_v perceive_v there_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o glass_n because_o they_o be_v far_o near_a it_o than_o we_o when_o venus_n say_v keplar_n lie_v down_o in_o the_o perige_n or_o low_a part_n of_o her_o suppose_a epicycle_n then_o be_v she_o in_o conjunction_n with_o her_o husband_n the_o sun_n from_o who_o after_o she_o have_v depart_v for_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o month_n she_o get_v plenum_fw-la uterum_fw-la and_o be_v in_o the_o full_a but_o you_o will_v reply_v though_o venus_n may_v bestow_v some_o light_n when_o she_o be_v over_o the_o moon_n and_o in_o conjunction_n yet_o be_v in_o opposition_n she_o be_v not_o visible_a to_o they_o and_o what_o shall_v they_o then_o do_v for_o light_n i_o answer_v than_o they_o have_v none_o nor_o do_v this_o make_v so_o great_a a_o difference_n betwixt_o those_o two_o hemisphere_n as_o there_o be_v with_o we_o betwixt_o the_o place_n under_o the_o pole_n and_o the_o line_n and_o beside_o it_o be_v considerable_a that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o planet_n 1._o primarie_n such_o who_o proper_a circle_n do_v encompass_v the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n whereof_o there_o be_v six_o saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n ceres_n or_o the_o earth_n venus_n mercury_n as_o in_o the_o frontispiece_n 2._o secondary_a such_o who_o proper_a circle_n be_v not_o about_o the_o sun_n but_o some_o of_o the_o other_o primarie_a planet_n thus_o be_v there_o two_o about_o saturn_n four_o about_o jupiter_n and_o thus_o likewise_o do_v the_o moon_n encompass_v our_o earth_n now_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o these_o lesser_a secondary_a planet_n be_v not_o so_o accommodate_v with_o all_o convenience_n of_o habitation_n as_o the_o other_o that_o be_v more_o principal_a but_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o very_a difficult_a thing_n to_o conceive_v how_o so_o gross_a and_o dark_a a_o body_n as_o our_o earth_n shall_v yield_v such_o a_o clear_a light_n as_o proceed_v from_o the_o moon_n and_o therefore_o the_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr cusa_n who_o think_v every_o star_n to_o be_v a_o several_a woâ—ld_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v they_o appear_v so_o bright_a 12._o but_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o shine_a be_v because_o we_o behold_v they_o at_o a_o great_a distance_n through_o their_o region_n of_o fire_n which_o do_v set_v a_o shine_a lustre_n upon_o those_o body_n that_o of_o themselves_o be_v dark_a vnde_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la esset_fw-la extra_fw-la regionem_fw-la ignis_fw-la terra_fw-la ista_fw-la in_o circumferentia_fw-la suae_fw-la regionis_fw-la per_fw-la medium_n ignis_fw-la lucida_fw-la stella_fw-la appareret_fw-la so_o that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v beyond_o the_o region_n of_o fire_n this_o earth_n will_v appear_v through_o that_o as_o a_o bright_a star_n but_o if_o this_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n than_o will_v the_o moon_n be_v free_v from_o such_o increase_v and_o decrease_v as_o she_o be_v now_o liable_a unto_o keplar_n think_v that_o our_o earth_n receive_v that_o light_n whereby_o it_o shine_v from_o the_o sun_n but_o this_o say_v he_o be_v not_o such_o a_o intend_a clear_a brightness_n as_o the_o moon_n be_v capable_a of_o and_o therefore_o he_o guess_v that_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v of_o a_o more_o chokie_a soil_n like_o the_o i_o will_v of_o crete_n and_o so_o be_v better_a able_a to_o reflect_v a_o strong_a light_n whereas_o our_o earth_n must_v supply_v this_o intention_n with_o the_o quantity_n of_o its_o body_n but_o this_o i_o conceive_v to_o be_v a_o needless_a conjecture_n since_o our_o earth_n if_o all_o thing_n be_v well_o consider_v will_v be_v find_v able_a enough_o to_o reflect_v as_o great_a a_o light_n for_o 1._o consider_v its_o opacity_n if_o you_o mark_v these_o sublunary_a thing_n you_o shall_v perceive_v that_o among_o they_o those_o that_o be_v most_o perspicuous_a be_v not_o so_o well_o able_a to_o reverberate_v the_o sunbeam_n as_o the_o thick_a body_n the_o ray_n pass_v single_o through_o a_o diaphanous_a matter_n but_o in_o a_o opacous_a substance_n they_o be_v double_v in_o their_o return_n and_o multiply_v by_o reflection_n now_o if_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o other_o planet_n can_v shine_v so_o clear_o by_o beat_v back_o the_o sunbeam_n why_o may_v not_o the_o earth_n also_o shine_v as_o well_o which_o agree_v with_o they_o in_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o brightness_n their_o opacity_n 2._o consider_v what_o a_o clear_a light_n we_o may_v discern_v reflect_v from_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n and_o withal_o conceive_v how_o much_o great_a that_o must_v be_v which_o be_v under_o the_o line_n where_o the_o ray_n be_v more_o direct_o and_o strong_o reverberate_v 3._o it_o be_v considerable_a that_o though_o the_o moon_n do_v in_o the_o night_n time_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o so_o clear_a a_o brightness_n yet_o when_o we_o look_v upon_o it_o in_o the_o day_n it_o appear_v like_o some_o little_a whitish_a cloud_n not_o but_o that_o at_o both_o time_n she_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a light_n in_o herself_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o difference_n be_v because_o in_o the_o night_n we_o look_v upon_o it_o through_o a_o dark_a and_o obscure_a medium_n there_o be_v no_o other_o enlighten_v body_n who_o brightness_n may_v abate_v from_o this_o whereas_o in_o the_o day_n time_n the_o whole_a heaven_n round_o about_o it_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a clearness_n and_o so_o make_v it_o to_o appear_v with_o a_o weak_a light_n now_o because_o we_o can_v see_v how_o the_o enlighten_v part_n of_o our_o earth_n
do_v look_v in_o the_o night_n therefore_o in_o compare_v it_o with_o the_o moon_n we_o must_v not_o consider_v she_o as_o she_o be_v behold_v through_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o dark_a medium_n but_o as_o she_o seem_v in_o the_o daytime_n now_o in_o any_o clear_a sun-shine-day_n our_o earth_n do_v appear_v as_o bright_a as_o the_o moon_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v seem_v like_o some_o duskish_a cloud_n as_o any_o little_a observation_n may_v easy_o manifest_v therefore_o we_o need_v not_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v as_o well_o able_a to_o give_v light_n as_o the_o moon_n to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v add_v that_o those_o very_a cloud_n which_o in_o the_o daytime_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o equal_a light_n to_o the_o moon_n do_v in_o the_o evening_n become_v as_o dark_a as_o our_o earth_n and_o as_o for_o those_o of_o they_o which_o be_v look_v upon_o at_o any_o great_a distance_n they_o be_v often_o mistake_v for_o the_o mountain_n 4._o it_o be_v considerable_a that_o though_o the_o moon_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o brightness_n in_o the_o night_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o nearness_n unto_o those_o several_a shadow_n which_o it_o cast_v yet_o be_v it_o of_o itself_o weak_a than_o that_o part_n of_o twilight_n which_o usual_o we_o have_v for_o half_a a_o hour_n after_o sunset_n because_o we_o can_v till_o after_o that_o time_n discern_v any_o shadow_n to_o be_v make_v by_o it_o 5._o consider_v the_o great_a distance_n at_o which_o we_o behold_v the_o planet_n for_o this_o must_v needs_o add_v much_o to_o their_o shine_a and_o therefore_o cusanus_fw-la in_o the_o above_o cite_a place_n think_v that_o if_o a_o man_n be_v in_o the_o sun_n that_o planet_n will_v not_o appear_v so_o bright_a to_o he_o as_o now_o it_o do_v to_o we_o because_o than_o his_o eye_n can_v discern_v but_o little_a whereas_o here_o we_o may_v comprehend_v the_o beam_n as_o they_o be_v contract_v in_o a_o narrow_a body_n keplar_n behold_v the_o earth_n from_o a_o high_a mountain_n when_o it_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n confess_v that_o it_o appear_v unto_o he_o of_o a_o incredible_a brightness_n whereas_o then_o he_o can_v only_o see_v some_o small_a part_n of_o it_o but_o how_o much_o bright_o will_v it_o have_v appear_v if_o he_o may_v in_o a_o direct_a line_n behold_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o earth_n and_o these_o ray_n gather_v together_o so_o that_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o great_a light_n which_o the_o earth_n receive_v from_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o summer_n and_o then_o suppose_v we_o be_v in_o the_o moon_n where_o we_o may_v see_v the_o whole_a earth_n hang_v in_o those_o vast_a space_n where_o there_o be_v nothing_o to_o terminate_v the_o sight_n but_o those_o beam_n which_o be_v there_o contract_v into_o a_o little_a compass_n i_o say_v if_o we_o do_v well_o consider_v this_o we_o may_v easy_o conceive_v that_o our_o earth_n appear_v as_o bright_a to_o those_o other_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o moon_n as_o they_o do_v to_o we_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o with_o we_o for_o many_o day_n in_o the_o year_n the_o heaven_n be_v so_o overclowded_a that_o we_o can_v see_v the_o sun_n at_o all_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o our_o bright_a day_n there_o be_v many_o scatter_a cloud_n which_o shade_n the_o earth_n in_o sundry_a place_n so_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n it_o must_v needs_o be_v unlike_o the_o moon_n and_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o yield_v so_o clear_a unintermit_v a_o light_n as_o it_o receive_v from_o that_o planet_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v 1._o as_o for_o those_o lesser_a bright_a cloud_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o clear_a day_n these_o can_v be_v no_o reason_n why_o our_o earth_n shall_v be_v of_o a_o dark_a appearance_n because_o these_o cloud_n be_v near_o unto_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o not_o distinguishable_a at_o so_o great_a a_o distance_n from_o it_o and_o likewise_o be_v illuminate_v on_o their_o back_n part_n by_o the_o sun_n that_o shine_v upon_o they_o 12._o must_v seem_v as_o bright_a to_o those_o in_o the_o moon_n as_o if_o the_o beam_n be_v immediate_o reflect_v from_o our_o earth_n 2._o when_o these_o cloud_n that_o be_v interpose_v be_v of_o any_o large_a extension_n or_o great_a opacity_n as_o it_o be_v in_o extraordinary_a last_a and_o great_a rain_n than_o there_o must_v be_v some_o discernible_a alteration_n in_o the_o light_n of_o our_o earth_n but_o yet_o this_o do_v not_o make_v it_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o moon_n since_o it_o be_v so_o also_o with_o that_o planet_n as_o be_v show_v in_o the_o late_a part_n of_o the_o next_o chapter_n proposition_n 12._o that_o it_o be_v probable_a there_o may_v be_v such_o meteor_n belong_v to_o that_o world_n in_o the_o moon_n as_o there_o be_v with_o we_o plutarch_n discuss_v this_o point_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a there_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o mean_n of_o growth_n and_o fructify_a in_o both_o these_o world_n since_o nature_n may_v in_o her_o policy_n find_v out_o more_o way_n than_o one_o how_o to_o bring_v about_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o however_o he_o think_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o moon_n herself_o send_v forth_o warm_a wind_n and_o by_o the_o swiftness_n of_o her_o motion_n there_o shall_v breathe_v out_o a_o sweet_a and_o comfortable_a air_n pleasant_a dew_n and_o gentle_a moisture_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o refresh_v and_o nourishment_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o plant_n in_o that_o other_o world_n but_o since_o they_o have_v all_o thing_n alike_o with_o we_o as_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o vaporous_a air_n encompass_v both_o i_o shall_v rather_o therefore_o think_v that_o nature_n there_o shall_v use_v the_o same_o way_n of_o produce_v meteor_n as_o she_o do_v with_o we_o and_o not_o by_o a_o motion_n as_o plutarch_n suppose_v because_o she_o do_v not_o love_n to_o vary_v from_o her_o usual_a operation_n without_o some_o extraordinary_a impediment_n but_o still_o keep_v her_o beat_a path_n unless_o she_o be_v drive_v thence_o one_o argument_n whereby_o i_o shall_v manifest_v this_o truth_n may_v be_v take_v from_o those_o new_a star_n which_o have_v appear_v in_o divers_a age_n of_o the_o world_n and_o by_o their_o paralax_n have_v be_v discern_v to_o have_v be_v above_o the_o moon_n such_o as_o be_v that_o in_o cassiopeia_n that_o in_o sagittarius_fw-la with_o many_o other_o betwixt_o the_o planet_n hipparchus_n in_o his_o time_n take_v especial_a notice_n of_o such_o as_o these_o 26._o and_o therefore_o fancy_v out_o such_o constellation_n in_o which_o to_o place_v the_o star_n show_v how_o many_o there_o be_v in_o every_o asterisme_n that_o so_o afterward_o posterity_n may_v know_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o new_a star_n produce_v or_o any_o old_a one_o miss_v now_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o comet_n may_v probable_o manifest_v that_o in_o this_o other_o world_n there_o be_v other_o meteor_n also_o for_o these_o in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o such_o evaporation_n cause_v by_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o body_n of_o the_o planet_n i_o shall_v prove_v this_o by_o show_v the_o improbability_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o any_o other_o opinion_n for_o the_o better_a pursuit_n of_o this_o it_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n requisite_a that_o i_o deal_v with_o our_o chief_a adversary_n caesar_n la_fw-fr galla_n who_o do_v most_o direct_o oppose_v that_o truth_n which_o be_v here_o to_o be_v prove_v he_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v the_o incorruptibility_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o be_v there_o to_o satisfy_v the_o argument_n which_o be_v take_v from_o these_o comet_n he_o answer_v it_o thus_o aut_fw-la argumentum_fw-la desumptum_fw-la ex_fw-la paralaxi_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la efficax_n aut_fw-la si_fw-la est_fw-la efficax_n eorum_fw-la instrumentorum_fw-la usum_fw-la decipere_fw-la vel_fw-la ratione_fw-la astri_fw-la vel_fw-la medii_fw-la vel_fw-la distantiae_fw-la aut_fw-la ergo_fw-la erat_fw-la in_o suprema_fw-la parte_fw-la aeris_fw-la aut_fw-la si_fw-la in_o coelo_fw-la tum_fw-la forsan_fw-la factum_fw-la erat_fw-la ex_fw-la reflectione_fw-la radiorum_fw-la saturni_n &_o jovis_fw-la qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la in_o conjunctione_n fuerant_fw-la either_o the_o argument_n from_o the_o paralax_n be_v not_o efficacious_a or_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o the_o use_n of_o the_o instrument_n may_v deceive_v either_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o star_n or_o the_o medium_n or_o the_o distance_n and_o so_o this_o comet_n may_v be_v in_o the_o upper_a region_n of_o the_o air_n or_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o heaven_n there_o it_o may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o ray_n from_o saturn_n and_o jupiter_n who_o be_v then_o in_o conjunction_n you_o see_v what_o shift_v he_o be_v drive_v to_o how_o he_o run_v up_o and_o down_o to_o
in_o eclipsi_fw-la nupera_fw-la solari_fw-la quae_fw-la fuit_fw-la ipso_fw-la die_fw-la natali_fw-la christi_fw-la observavi_fw-la clarè_v in_fw-la luna_fw-la soli_fw-la supposita_fw-la quidpiam_fw-la quod_fw-la valde_fw-la probat_fw-la id_fw-la ipsum_fw-la quod_fw-la cometae_fw-la quoque_fw-la &_o maculae_fw-la solares_fw-la urgent_a nempe_fw-la coelum_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la à _fw-la tenuitate_fw-la &_o variationibus_fw-la aeris_fw-la exemptum_fw-la nam_fw-la circa_fw-la lunam_fw-la adverti_fw-la esse_fw-la sphaeram_fw-la seu_fw-la orbem_fw-la quendam_fw-la vaporosum_fw-la non_fw-la secus_fw-la atque_fw-la circum_fw-la terram_fw-la adeoque_fw-la sicut_fw-la ex_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o aliquam_fw-la usque_fw-la sphaeram_fw-la vapores_fw-la &_o exhalationes_fw-la expirant_fw-la it_o a_o quoque_fw-la ex_fw-la luna_fw-la in_o that_o solary_a eclipse_n which_o happen_v on_o christmas_n day_n when_o the_o moon_n be_v just_a under_o the_o sun_n i_o plain_o discern_v that_o in_o she_o which_o may_v clear_o confirm_v what_o the_o comet_n and_o sun_n spot_n do_v seem_v to_o prove_v 13._o viz._n that_o the_o heaven_n be_v not_o so_o solid_a nor_o free_v from_o those_o change_n which_o our_o air_n be_v liable_a unto_o for_o about_o the_o moon_n i_o perceive_v such_o a_o orb_n or_o vaporous_a air_n as_o that_o be_v which_o do_v encompass_v our_o earth_n and_o as_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n be_v raise_v from_o our_o earth_n into_o this_o air_n so_o be_v they_o also_o from_o the_o moon_n you_o see_v what_o probable_a ground_n and_o plain_a testimony_n i_o have_v bring_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o proposition_n many_o other_o thing_n in_o this_o behalf_n may_v be_v speak_v which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n i_o now_o omit_v and_o pass_v unto_o the_o next_o proposition_n 13._o that_o it_o be_v probable_a there_o may_v be_v inhabitant_n in_o this_o other_o world_n but_o of_o what_o kind_n they_o be_v be_v uncertain_a i_o have_v already_o handle_v the_o season_n and_o meteor_n belong_v to_o this_o new_a world_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o in_o the_o next_o place_n i_o shall_v come_v unto_o the_o three_o thing_n which_o i_o promise_v and_o say_v somewhat_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n concern_v who_o there_o may_v be_v many_o difficult_a question_n raise_v as_o whether_o that_o place_n be_v more_o inconvenient_a for_o habitation_n than_o our_o world_n as_o keplar_n think_v whether_o they_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o adam_n whether_o they_o be_v there_o in_o a_o bless_a estate_n or_o else_o what_o mean_v there_o may_v be_v for_o their_o salvation_n with_o many_o other_o such_o uncertain_a inquiry_n which_o i_o shall_v willing_o omit_v leave_v it_o to_o their_o examination_n who_o have_v more_o leisure_n and_o learning_n for_o the_o search_n of_o such_o particular_n be_v for_o my_o own_o part_n content_v only_o to_o set_v down_o such_o note_n belong_v unto_o these_o which_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o other_o writer_n 12._o cum_fw-la tot_fw-la a_o illa_fw-la regio_fw-la nobis_fw-la ignota_fw-la sit_fw-la remanent_fw-la inhabitatores_fw-la illi_fw-la ignoti_fw-la penitus_fw-la say_v cusanus_fw-la since_o we_o know_v not_o the_o region_n of_o that_o place_n we_o must_v be_v altogether_o ignorant_a of_o the_o inhabitant_n there_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v any_o such_o discovery_n concern_v these_o upon_o which_o we_o may_v build_v a_o certainty_n or_o good_a probability_n well_o may_v we_o guess_v at_o they_o &_o that_o too_o very_o doubtful_o but_o we_o can_v know_v nothing_o for_o if_o we_o do_v hardly_o guess_v aright_o at_o thing_n which_o be_v upon_o earth_n 16._o if_o with_o labour_n we_o do_v find_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v at_o hand_n how_o then_o can_v we_o search_v out_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o heaven_n what_o a_o little_a be_v that_o which_o we_o know_v in_o respect_n of_o those_o many_o matter_n contain_v within_o this_o great_a universe_n this_o whole_a globe_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o to_o be_v of_o a_o large_a extent_n yet_o it_o bear_v not_o so_o great_a a_o proportion_n unto_o the_o whole_a frame_n of_o nature_n as_o a_o small_a sand_n do_v unto_o it_o and_o what_o can_v such_o little_a creature_n as_o we_o discern_v who_o be_v tie_v to_o this_o point_n of_o earth_n or_o what_o can_v they_o in_o the_o moon_n know_v of_o we_o if_o we_o understand_v any_o thing_n say_v esdras_n it_o be_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o be_v upon_o the_o earth_n 21._o and_o he_o that_o dwell_v above_o in_o the_o heaven_n may_v only_o understand_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v above_o in_o the_o height_n of_o the_o heaven_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o very_a needless_a thing_n for_o we_o to_o search_v after_o any_o particular_n however_o we_o may_v guess_v in_o the_o general_a that_o there_o be_v some_o inhabitant_n in_o that_o planet_n for_o why_o else_o do_v providence_n furnish_v that_o place_n with_o all_o such_o convenience_n of_o habitation_n as_o have_v be_v above_o declare_v but_o you_o will_v say_v perhaps_o be_v there_o not_o too_o great_a and_o intolerable_a a_o heat_n since_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o their_o zenith_n every_o month_n and_o do_v tarry_v there_o so_o long_o before_o he_o leave_v it_o i_o answer_v 1._o this_o may_v perhaps_o be_v remedy_v as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o line_n by_o the_o frequency_n of_o midday_n shower_n which_o may_v cloud_v their_o sun_n and_o cool_v their_o earth_n 2._o the_o equality_n of_o their_o night_n do_v much_o temper_n the_o scorch_a of_o the_o day_n and_o the_o extreme_a cold_a that_o come_v from_o the_o one_o require_v some_o space_n before_o it_o can_v be_v dispel_v by_o the_o other_o so_o that_o the_o heat_n spend_v a_o great_a while_n before_o it_o can_v have_v the_o victory_n have_v not_o afterward_o much_o time_n to_o rage_n in_o wherefore_o notwithstanding_o this_o doubt_n yet_o that_o place_n may_v remain_v habitable_a and_o this_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o cardinal_n de_fw-fr cusa_n when_o speak_v of_o this_o planet_n he_o say_v 12._o hic_fw-la locus_fw-la mundi_fw-la est_fw-la habitatio_fw-la hominum_fw-la &_o animalium_fw-la atque_fw-la vegetabilium_fw-la this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v inhabit_v by_o man_n &_o beast_n and_o plant_n to_o he_o assent_v campanella_n but_o he_o can_v determine_v whether_o they_o be_v man_n or_o rather_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o creature_n if_o they_o be_v man_n than_o he_o think_v they_o can_v not_o be_v infect_v with_o adam_n sin_n yet_o perhaps_o they_o have_v some_o of_o their_o own_o which_o may_v make_v they_o liable_a to_o the_o same_o misery_n with_o we_o out_o of_o which_o it_o may_v be_v they_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o same_o mean_n as_o we_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n and_o thus_o he_o think_v that_o place_n of_o the_o ephesian_n may_v be_v interpret_v where_o the_o apostle_n say_v 10._o god_n gather_v all_o thing_n together_o in_o christ_n both_o which_o be_v in_o earth_n and_o which_o be_v in_o the_o heaven_n so_o also_o that_o of_o the_o same_o apostle_n to_o the_o colossian_n where_o he_o say_v 20._o that_o it_o please_v the_o father_n to_o reconcile_v all_o thing_n unto_o himself_o by_o christ_n whether_o they_o be_v thing_n in_o earth_n or_o thing_n in_o heaven_n but_o i_o dare_v not_o jest_v with_o divine_a truth_n or_o apply_v these_o place_n according_a as_o fancy_n direct_v as_o i_o think_v this_o opinion_n do_v not_o any_o where_o contradict_v scripture_n so_o i_o think_v likewise_o that_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v from_o it_o wherefore_o campanella_n second_o conjecture_n may_v be_v more_o probable_a that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o world_n be_v not_o man_n as_o we_o be_v but_o some_o other_o kind_n of_o creature_n which_o bear_v some_o proportion_n and_o likeness_n to_o our_o nature_n or_o it_o may_v be_v they_o be_v of_o a_o quite_o different_a nature_n from_o any_o thing_n here_o below_o such_o as_o no_o imagination_n can_v describe_v our_o understanding_n be_v capable_a only_o of_o such_o thing_n as_o have_v enter_v by_o our_o sense_n or_o else_o such_o mix_a nature_n as_o may_v be_v compose_v from_o they_o now_o there_o may_v be_v many_o other_o species_n of_o creature_n beside_o those_o that_o be_v already_o know_v in_o the_o world_n there_o be_v a_o great_a chasm_n betwixt_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n and_o angel_n it_o may_v be_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o planet_n be_v of_o a_o middle_a nature_n between_o both_o these_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o god_n may_v create_v some_o of_o all_o kind_n that_o so_o he_o may_v more_o complete_o glorify_v himself_o in_o the_o work_n of_o his_o power_n and_o wisdom_n cusanus_fw-la too_o think_v they_o differ_v from_o we_o in_o many_o respect_n i_o will_v set_v down_o his_o word_n as_o they_o may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o above_o cite_a place_n suspicamur_fw-la in_o region_fw-la solis_fw-la magis_fw-la esse_fw-la solares_fw-la claros_fw-la &_o illuminatos_fw-la intellectuales_fw-la habitatores_fw-la spiritualiores_fw-la etiam_fw-la quam_fw-la
or_o second_o in_o the_o axis_n but_o out_o of_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o three_o beside_o both_o of_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o place_v according_a to_o any_o of_o these_o situation_n therefore_o must_v it_o need_v be_v in_o the_o centre_n 1_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o beside_o the_o axis_n for_o then_o first_o there_o will_v be_v no_o equinox_n at_o all_o in_o some_o place_n when_o the_o day_n and_o night_n shall_v be_v of_o a_o equal_a length_n second_o the_o afternoon_n and_o forenoon_n will_v not_o be_v of_o the_o same_o length_n because_o than_o our_o meridian_n line_n must_v divide_v the_o hemisphere_n into_o unequal_a part_n 2_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o axis_n but_o out_o of_o the_o equator_fw-la for_o then_o first_o the_o equinox_n will_v not_o happen_v when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o middle_a line_n betwixt_o the_o two_o solstice_n but_o in_o some_o other_o parallel_n which_o may_v be_v near_o to_o one_o of_o they_o according_a as_o the_o earth_n do_v approach_v to_o one_o tropic_n more_o than_o another_o second_o there_o will_v not_o be_v such_o a_o proportion_n between_o the_o increase_n &_o decrease_v of_o day_n and_o night_n as_o now_o there_o be_v 3_o it_o be_v not_o beside_o both_o of_o they_o for_o then_o all_o these_o inconvenience_n and_o sundry_a other_o must_v with_o the_o same_o necessity_n of_o consequence_n be_v infer_v from_o whence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o earth_n must_v be_v situate_v there_o where_o the_o axis_n and_o equator_fw-la meet_v which_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n to_o this_o we_o grant_v that_o the_o earth_n must_v needs_o be_v place_v both_o in_o the_o axis_n and_o equator_fw-la and_o so_o consequent_o in_o the_o centre_n of_o that_o sphere_n which_o we_o imagine_v about_o it_o but_o yet_o this_o will_v not_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o let_v our_o adversary_n suppose_v it_o to_o be_v as_o far_o distant_a from_o that_o as_o they_o conceive_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v yet_o may_v it_o still_o be_v situate_v in_o the_o very_a concourse_n of_o these_o two_o line_n because_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o imaginary_a line_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o our_o earth_n to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o earth_n betwixt_o both_o the_o pole_n which_o by_o imagination_n be_v continue_v even_o to_o the_o fix_a star_n thus_o also_o we_o may_v affirm_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v in_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o zodiac_n if_o by_o its_o annual_a motion_n it_o do_v describe_v that_o imaginary_a circle_n and_o in_o the_o plane_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la if_o by_o its_o diurnal_a motion_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n it_o do_v make_v several_a parallel_n the_o midst_n of_o which_o shall_v be_v the_o equator_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o these_o two_o former_a argument_n proceed_v from_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mistake_n while_o our_o adversary_n suppose_v the_o circumference_n and_o centre_n of_o the_o sphere_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o world_n another_o demonstration_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n 3._o be_v take_v from_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n which_o will_v not_o always_o happen_v when_o these_o two_o luminary_n be_v diametrical_o oppose_v but_o sometime_o time_n when_o they_o be_v less_o distant_a than_o a_o semicircle_n if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o in_o the_o centre_n i_o answer_v this_o argument_n if_o well_o consider_v will_v be_v find_v most_o direct_o to_o infer_v this_o conclusion_n that_o in_o all_o eclipse_n the_o earth_n be_v in_o such_o a_o strait_a line_n betwixt_o the_o two_o luminary_n who_o extremity_n do_v point_n unto_o opposite_a part_n of_o the_o zodiac_n now_o though_o our_o adversary_n shall_v suppose_v as_o copernicus_n do_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v situate_v in_o that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v to_o be_v the_o sun_n orb_n yet_o will_v there_o not_o be_v any_o eclipse_n but_o when_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v diametrical_o opposite_a and_o our_o earth_n betwixt_o they_o as_o may_v clear_o be_v manifest_v by_o this_o figure_n where_o you_o see_v the_o two_o luminary_n in_o opposite_a sign_n and_o according_a as_o any_o part_n of_o our_o earth_n be_v situate_v by_o its_o diurnal_a revolution_n so_o will_v every_o eclipse_n be_v either_o visible_a or_o not_o visible_a unto_o it_o the_o last_o and_o chief_a argument_n be_v take_v from_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o star_n which_o in_o every_o horizon_n 4._o at_o each_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n 14._o and_o at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n seem_v of_o a_o equal_a bigness_n now_o this_o can_v not_o be_v if_o our_o earth_n be_v sometime_o near_o unto_o they_o by_o 2000000_o german_a mile_n which_o be_v grant_v to_o be_v the_o diameter_n of_o that_o orb_n wherein_o the_o earth_n be_v suppose_v to_o move_v i_o answer_v this_o consequence_n will_v not_o hold_v if_o we_o affirm_v the_o earth_n orb_n not_o to_o be_v big_a enough_o for_o the_o make_n of_o any_o sensible_a difference_n in_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n 6._o yea_o but_o you_o will_v say_v it_o be_v beyond_o conceit_n and_o without_o all_o reason_n to_o think_v the_o fix_a star_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o distance_n from_o we_o that_o our_o approach_a near_a unto_o they_o by_o 2000000_o german_a mile_n can_v make_v any_o difference_n in_o the_o seem_a quantity_n of_o their_o body_n i_o reply_v there_o be_v no_o certain_a way_n to_o find_v out_o the_o exact_a distance_n of_o the_o starry_a firmament_n but_o we_o be_v fain_o to_o conclude_v of_o it_o by_o conjecture_n according_a as_o several_a reason_n and_o observation_n seem_v most_o likely_a unto_o the_o fancy_n of_o divers_a man_n now_o that_o this_o opinion_n of_o copernicus_n do_v not_o make_v it_o too_o big_a may_v be_v discern_v from_o these_o follow_a consideration_n the_o world_n great_a &_o little_a be_v relative_a term_n and_o do_v import_v a_o comparison_n to_o something_o else_o so_o that_o where_o the_o firmament_n as_o it_o be_v according_a to_o copernicus_n be_v say_v to_o be_v too_o big_a it_o be_v likely_a that_o this_o word_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o reference_n to_o some_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n the_o least_o of_o which_o be_v the_o moon_n orb_n but_o now_o if_o it_o be_v be_v so_o much_o big_a than_o this_o may_v be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v too_o great_a than_o it_o seem_v that_o every_o thing_n which_o exceed_v another_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n in_o such_o a_o proportion_n may_v be_v conclude_v to_o be_v of_o too_o big_a a_o quantity_n and_o so_o consequent_o we_o may_v affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o hence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o whale_n and_o elephant_n be_v mere_a chimaera_n and_o poetical_a fiction_n because_o they_o do_v so_o much_o exceed_v many_o other_o live_v creature_n if_o all_o this_o eight_o sphere_n say_v gallilaeus_fw-la as_o great_a as_o it_o be_v be_v a_o light_a body_n and_o place_v so_o far_o from_o we_o that_o it_o appear_v but_o as_o one_o of_o the_o lesser_a star_n we_o shall_v then_o esteem_v it_o but_o little_a and_o therefore_o we_o have_v no_o reason_n now_o to_o thrust_v it_o out_o from_o be_v among_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n by_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v too_o great_a immensity_n it_o be_v a_o frequent_a speech_n of_o our_o adversary_n tycho_n fromundus_n and_o other_o in_o excuse_n of_o that_o incredible_a swiftness_n which_o they_o imagine_v in_o their_o primum_fw-la mobile_a that_o it_o be_v requisite_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n shall_v have_v a_o kind_n of_o infinity_n in_o it_o the_o better_a to_o manifest_v the_o infiniteness_n of_o the_o creator_n and_o why_o may_v not_o we_o as_o well_o affirm_v this_o concern_v the_o bigness_n of_o the_o heaven_n difficilius_fw-la est_fw-la accidens_fw-la praeter_fw-la modulum_fw-la subjecti_fw-la intendere_fw-la quam_fw-la subjectum_fw-la sine_fw-la accident_n augere_fw-la say_v keplar_n his_o meaning_n be_v that_o it_o be_v less_o absurd_a to_o imagine_v the_o eight_o sphere_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o bigness_n as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v without_o motion_n or_o at_o least_o have_v but_o a_o very_a slow_a one_o than_o to_o attribute_v unto_o it_o such_o a_o incredible_a celerity_n as_o be_v altogether_o disproportionable_a to_o its_o bigness_n 2_o it_o be_v the_o acknowledgement_n of_o clavius_n 1._o and_o may_v easy_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o if_o the_o centre_n be_v fasten_v upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n the_o orb_n wherein_o he_o suppose_v the_o sun_n to_o
vulgar_a qui_fw-la fecit_fw-la coelos_n intellectu_fw-la that_o the_o heaven_n be_v move_v by_o a_o intelligent_a soul_n if_o we_o consider_v the_o original_n of_o this_o opinion_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o proceed_v from_o that_o mistake_n of_o aristotle_n who_o think_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v eternal_a and_o therefore_o to_o require_v such_o a_o move_a cause_n as_o be_v of_o a_o immaterial_a substance_n may_v be_v exempt_v from_o all_o that_o weariness_n and_o inconstancy_n which_o other_o thing_n be_v liable_a unto_o but_o now_o this_o ground_n of_o he_o be_v evident_o false_a since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o heaven_n have_v a_o beginning_n and_o shall_v have_v a_o end_n however_o the_o employ_v of_o angel_n in_o these_o motion_n of_o the_o world_n be_v both_o superfluous_a and_o very_o improbable_a 1_o because_o a_o natural_a power_n intrinsicall_a to_o those_o body_n will_v serve_v the_o turn_n as_o well_o and_o as_o for_o other_o operation_n which_o be_v to_o be_v constant_a and_o regular_a nature_n do_v common_o make_v use_n of_o some_o inward_a principle_n 2_o the_o intelligence_n be_v immaterial_a can_v immediate_o work_v upon_o a_o body_n nor_o do_v any_o one_o tell_v we_o what_o instrument_n they_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o in_o this_o business_n they_o have_v not_o any_o hand_n to_o take_v hold_n of_o the_o heaven_n or_o turn_v they_o about_o and_o that_o opinion_n of_o aquinas_n dur_n and_o soncinas_n with_o other_o schoolman_n seem_v to_o be_v without_o all_o reason_n who_o make_v the_o faculty_n whereby_o the_o angel_n move_v the_o orb_n to_o be_v the_o very_a same_o with_o their_o understand_n and_o will_n so_o that_o if_o a_o angel_n do_v but_o mere_o suspend_v the_o act_n of_o willing_a their_o motion_n they_o must_v necessary_o stand_v still_o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a his_o only_a will_v they_o to_o move_v shall_v be_v enough_o to_o carry_v they_o about_o in_o their_o several_a course_n since_o it_o be_v then_o a_o needless_a thing_n for_o providence_n to_o have_v appoint_v angel_n unto_o this_o business_n which_o may_v have_v be_v do_v as_o well_o by_o the_o only_a will_n of_o god_n and_o beside_o how_o be_v the_o orb_n capable_a of_o perceive_v this_o will_n in_o the_o intelligence_n or_o if_o they_o be_v yet_o what_o motive_n faculty_n have_v they_o of_o themselves_o which_o can_v enable_v they_o to_o obey_v it_o now_o as_o it_o will_v be_v with_o the_o heaven_n so_o likewise_o be_v it_o with_o the_o earth_n which_o may_v be_v turn_v about_o in_o its_o diurnal_a revolution_n without_o the_o help_n of_o intelligence_n by_o some_o motive_n power_n of_o its_o own_o that_o may_v be_v intrinsicall_a unto_o it_o if_o it_o be_v yet_o inquire_v what_o cause_n there_o be_v of_o its_o annual_a motion_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v easy_o conceivable_a how_o the_o same_o principle_n may_v serve_v for_o both_o these_o since_o they_o tend_v the_o same_o way_n from_o west_n to_o east_n however_o that_o opinion_n of_o keplar_n be_v not_o very_o improbable_a that_o all_o the_o primary_n planet_n be_v move_v round_o by_o the_o sun_n which_o once_o in_o twenty_o five_o or_o twenty_o six_o day_n do_v observe_v a_o revolution_n about_o its_o own_o axis_n and_o so_o carry_v along_o the_o planet_n that_o encompass_v it_o which_o planet_n be_v therefore_o slow_o or_o swift_a according_a to_o their_o distance_n from_o he_o if_o you_o ask_v by_o what_o mean_v the_o sun_n can_v produce_v such_o a_o motion_n he_o answer_v by_o send_v forth_o a_o kind_n of_o magnetic_a virtue_n in_o strait_a line_n from_o each_o part_n of_o its_o body_n of_o which_o there_o be_v always_o a_o constant_a succession_n so_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o one_o beam_n of_o this_o vigour_n have_v pass_v a_o planet_n there_o be_v another_o present_o take_v hold_v of_o it_o like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o wheel_n but_o how_o can_v any_o virtue_n hold_v out_o to_o such_o a_o distance_n he_o answer_v first_o as_o light_v and_o heat_n together_o with_o those_o other_o secret_a influence_n which_o work_n upon_o mineral_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o likewise_o may_v the_o sun_n send_v forth_o a_o magnetic_a motive_n virtue_n who_o power_n may_v be_v continue_v to_o the_o far_a planet_n second_o if_o the_o moon_n according_a to_o common_a philosophy_n may_v move_v the_o sea_n why_o then_o may_v not_o the_o sun_n move_v this_o globe_n of_o earth_n in_o such_o quaere_n as_o these_o we_o can_v conclude_v only_o from_o conjecture_n that_o speech_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n eccl._n 3._o 11._o being_n more_o especial_o verify_v of_o astronomical_a question_n concern_v the_o frame_n of_o the_o whole_a universe_n that_o no_o man_n can_v find_v out_o the_o work_n of_o god_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n though_o we_o may_v discern_v diverse_a thing_n in_o the_o world_n which_o may_v argue_v the_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o power_n of_o the_o author_n yet_o there_o will_v be_v always_o some_o particular_n leave_v for_o our_o dispute_n and_o enquiry_n and_o we_o shall_v never_o be_v able_a with_o all_o our_o industry_n to_o attain_v a_o perfect_a comprehension_n of_o the_o creature_n or_o to_o find_v they_o whole_o out_o from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n the_o providence_n of_o god_n have_v thus_o contrive_v it_o â—4_n that_o so_o man_n may_v look_v for_o another_o life_n after_o this_o when_o all_o his_o longing_n and_o thirst_n shall_v be_v full_o satisfy_v for_o since_o no_o natural_a appetite_n be_v in_o vain_a it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v that_o there_o be_v a_o possibility_n of_o attain_v so_o much_o knowledge_n as_o shall_v be_v commensurate_a unto_o these_o desire_n which_o because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o this_o world_n it_o will_v behoove_v we_o then_o to_o expect_v and_o provide_v for_o another_o prop._n x._o that_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v exact_o agreeable_a to_o common_a appearance_n it_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v capable_a of_o such_o a_o situation_n and_o motion_n as_o this_o opinion_n suppose_v it_o to_o have_v it_o remain_v that_o in_o the_o last_o place_n we_o show_v how_o agreeable_a this_o will_v be_v unto_o those_o ordinary_a season_n of_o day_n month_n year_n and_o all_o other_o appearance_n in_o the_o heaven_n 1_o as_o for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o day_n and_o night_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o may_v be_v cause_v as_o well_o by_o the_o revolution_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n since_o the_o heavenly_a body_n must_v needs_o seem_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o rise_v and_o set_v whether_o or_o no_o they_o themselves_o by_o their_o own_o motion_n do_v pass_v by_o our_o horizon_n and_o vertical_a point_n or_o whether_o our_o horizon_n and_o vertical_a point_n by_o the_o revolution_n of_o our_o earth_n do_v pass_v by_o they_o according_a to_o that_o of_o 8._o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o will_v not_o appear_v any_o difference_n whether_o or_o no_o the_o eye_n be_v move_v from_o the_o object_n or_o the_o object_n from_o the_o eye_n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v choose_v but_o wonder_n that_o a_o man_n of_o any_o reason_n or_o sense_n shall_v make_v choice_n of_o no_o better_a a_o argument_n to_o conclude_v his_o book_n withal_o than_o that_o which_o be_v read_v at_o the_o late_a end_n of_o al._n ross._n where_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o move_v because_o then_o the_o shadow_n in_o a_o sundial_n will_v not_o be_v alter_v 2_o as_o for_o the_o difference_n of_o month_n we_o say_v that_o the_o diverse_a illumination_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o different_a bigness_n of_o her_o body_n her_o remain_v for_o a_o long_o or_o short_a time_n in_o the_o earth_n shadow_n when_o she_o be_v eclipse_v etc._n etc._n may_v well_o enough_o be_v solve_v by_o suppose_v she_o to_o move_v above_o our_o earth_n in_o a_o eccentrical_a epicycle_n thus_o in_o which_o kind_n of_o hypothesis_n there_o will_v be_v a_o double_a difference_n of_o motion_n the_o one_o cause_v by_o the_o different_a situation_n of_o the_o moon_n body_n in_o its_o own_o eccentricke_a the_o other_o by_o the_o different_a situation_n of_o the_o moon_n orb_n in_o the_o earth_n eccentricke_a which_o be_v so_o exact_o answerable_a to_o the_o motion_n and_o appearance_n of_o this_o planet_n that_o from_o hence_o lansbergius_n draw_v a_o argument_n for_o this_o systeme_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o in_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o confidence_n he_o call_v demonstrationem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cui_fw-la nullâ_fw-la ratione_fw-la potest_fw-la contradici_fw-la 4_o as_o for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o winter_n &_o summer_n betwixt_o the_o number_n and_o length_n of_o day_n which_o appertain_v to_o each_o of_o those_o season_n the_o seem_a motion_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o one_o sign_n to_o
reason_n give_v why_o that_o great_a light_n shall_v represent_v her_o body_n under_o a_o false_a colour_n 2._o it_o be_v not_o such_o a_o duskish_a leaden_a light_n as_o we_o see_v in_o the_o dark_a part_n of_o her_o body_n when_o she_o be_v about_o a_o sextile_n aspect_n distant_a from_o the_o sun_n for_o then_o why_o do_v she_o appear_v red_a in_o the_o eclipse_n since_o mere_a shade_n can_v cause_v such_o variety_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o darkness_n by_o its_o opposition_n rather_o to_o make_v thing_n appear_v of_o a_o more_o white_a and_o clear_a brightness_n than_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o or_o if_o it_o be_v the_o shade_n yet_o those_o part_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v then_o in_o the_o shade_n of_o her_o body_n and_o therefore_o in_o reason_n shall_v have_v the_o like_a redness_n since_o then_o neither_o of_o these_o light_n be_v she_o it_o follow_v that_o she_o have_v none_o of_o her_o own_o nor_o be_v this_o a_o singular_a opinion_n but_o it_o have_v have_v many_o learned_a patron_n 20._o such_o be_v macrobius_n who_o be_v for_o this_o quote_v of_o rhodiginus_fw-la he_o call_v he_o vir_fw-la reconditissimae_fw-la scientiae_fw-la 15._o a_o man_n who_o know_v more_o than_o ordinary_a philosopher_n thus_o commend_v the_o opinion_n in_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o author_n to_o he_o assent_v the_o venerable_a bede_n upon_o who_o the_o gloss_n have_v this_o comparison_n rerum_fw-la as_o the_o looking-glass_n represent_v not_o any_o image_n within_o itself_o unless_o it_o receive_v some_o from_o without_o so_o the_o moon_n have_v not_o any_o light_n but_o what_o be_v bestow_v by_o the_o sun_n to_o these_o agree_v 21._o albertus_n magnus_n 62._o scaliger_n 2._o maeslin_n keplar_n and_o more_o especial_o 2._o mulapertius_fw-la who_o word_n be_v more_o pat_o to_o the_o purpose_n than_o other_o and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v set_v they_o down_o as_o you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o treatise_n concern_v the_o austriaca_fw-la sydera_fw-la luna_fw-la venus_n &_o mercurius_n terrestris_fw-la &_o humidae_fw-la sunt_fw-la substantiae_fw-la ideoque_fw-la de_fw-la svo_fw-la non_fw-la lucere_fw-la sicut_fw-la nec_fw-la terra_fw-la the_o moon_n venus_n and_o mercury_n say_v he_o be_v of_o a_o earthly_a and_o moist_a substance_n and_o therefore_o have_v no_o more_o light_n of_o their_o own_o than_o the_o earth_n have_v nay_o some_o there_o be_v who_o think_v though_o without_o ground_n that_o all_o the_o other_o star_n do_v receive_v that_o light_n whereby_o they_o appear_v visible_a to_o we_o from_o the_o sun_n so_o ptolemy_n 60._o isidore_n hispalensis_n 2._o albertus_n magnus_n and_o 4._o bede_n much_o more_o than_o must_v the_o moon_n shine_v with_o a_o borrow_a light_n but_o enough_o of_o this_o i_o have_v now_o sufficient_o show_v what_o at_o the_o first_o i_o promise_v 6._o that_o this_o light_n be_v not_o proper_a to_o the_o moon_n victore_fw-la it_o remain_v in_o the_o next_o place_n that_o i_o tell_v you_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o it_o 6._o and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o light_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o moon_n at_o the_o eclipse_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o second_o species_n of_o the_o sun_n ray_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o shadow_n unto_o her_o body_n and_o from_o a_o mixture_n of_o this_o second_o light_n with_o the_o shadow_n arise_v that_o redness_n which_o at_o such_o time_n appear_v unto_o we_o i_o may_v call_v it_o lumen_fw-la crepusculinum_fw-la the_o aurora_n of_o the_o moon_n or_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o blush_a light_n that_o the_o sun_n cause_v when_o he_o be_v near_o his_o rise_n when_o he_o bestow_v some_o small_a light_n upon_o the_o thick_a vapour_n thus_o we_o see_v common_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o reflection_n grow_v weak_a how_o his_o beam_n make_v the_o water_n appear_v very_o red_a the_o moabite_n in_o jehorams_n time_n 22._o when_o they_o rise_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o behold_v the_o water_n afar_o off_o mistake_v they_o for_o blood_n et_fw-la causa_fw-la huius_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la radius_fw-la solaris_fw-la in_o aurora_n contrahit_fw-la quandam_fw-la rubedinem_fw-la cap._n propter_fw-la vapores_fw-la combustos_fw-la manentes_fw-la circa_fw-la superficiem_fw-la terrae_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la radij_fw-la transeunt_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la cum_fw-la repercutiantur_fw-la in_o aqua_fw-la ad_fw-la oculos_fw-la nostros_fw-la trahunt_fw-la secum_fw-la eundem_fw-la ruborem_fw-la &_o faciunt_fw-la apparere_fw-la locum_fw-la aquarum_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la est_fw-la repercussio_fw-la esse_fw-la rubrum_fw-la say_v tostatus_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o of_o his_o ray_n which_o be_v in_o the_o low_a vapour_n those_o do_v convey_v a_o imperfect_a mix_a light_n upon_o the_o water_n thus_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o earth_n shadow_n and_o the_o sun_n beam_n which_o be_v round_o about_o it_o not_o be_v able_a to_o come_v direct_o unto_o her_o body_n yet_o some_o second_o ray_n there_o be_v which_o pass_v through_o the_o shadow_n make_v she_o appear_v in_o that_o ruddy_a colour_n so_o that_o she_o must_v appear_v bright_o when_o she_o be_v eclipse_v be_v in_o her_o apoge_n or_o great_a distance_n from_o we_o because_o then_o the_o cone_n of_o the_o earth_n shadow_n be_v less_o and_o the_o refraction_n be_v make_v through_o a_o narrow_a medium_n so_o on_o the_o contrary_a she_o must_v be_v represent_v under_o a_o more_o dark_a and_o obscure_a form_n when_o she_o be_v eclipse_v be_v in_o her_o perige_n or_o near_a to_o the_o earth_n because_o than_o she_o be_v involve_v in_o a_o great_a shadow_n or_o big_a part_n of_o the_o cone_n and_o so_o the_o refraction_n pass_v through_o a_o great_a medium_n the_o light_n must_v needs_o be_v weak_a which_o do_v proceed_v from_o it_o if_o you_o ask_v now_o what_o the_o reason_n may_v be_v of_o that_o light_n which_o we_o discern_v in_o the_o dark_a part_n of_o the_o new_a moon_n i_o answer_v it_o be_v reflect_v from_o our_o earth_n which_o return_v as_o great_a a_o brightness_n to_o that_o planet_n as_o it_o receive_v from_o it_o this_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o prove_v afterward_o i_o have_v now_o do_v with_o these_o proposition_n which_o be_v set_v down_o to_o clear_v the_o passage_n and_o confirm_v the_o supposition_n imply_v in_o the_o opinion_n 6._o i_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o place_n proceed_v to_o a_o more_o direct_a treat_v of_o the_o chief_a matter_n in_o hand_n proposition_n 6._o that_o there_o be_v a_o world_n in_o the_o moon_n have_v be_v the_o direct_a opinion_n of_o many_o ancient_a with_o some_o modern_a mathematician_n and_o may_v probable_o be_v deduce_v from_o the_o tenant_n of_o other_o since_o this_o opinion_n may_v be_v suspect_v of_o singularity_n i_o shall_v therefore_o first_o confirm_v it_o by_o sufficient_a authority_n of_o divers_a author_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a that_o so_o i_o may_v the_o better_o clear_v it_o from_o the_o prejudice_n either_o of_o a_o upstart_n fancy_n or_o a_o absolute_a error_n this_o be_v by_o some_o attribute_v to_o orpheus_n one_o of_o the_o most_o ancient_a greek_a poet_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o moon_n say_v thus_o 13._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o it_o have_v many_o mountain_n and_o city_n and_o house_n in_o it_o to_o he_o assent_v anaxagoras_n democritus_n and_o heraclide_n 25._o all_o who_o think_v it_o to_o have_v firm_a solid_a ground_n like_a to_o our_o earth_n contain_v in_o it_o many_o large_a field_n 9_o champion_n ground_n and_o divers_a inhabitant_n of_o this_o opinion_n likewise_o be_v xenophanes_n 23._o as_o he_o be_v cite_v for_o it_o by_o lactantius_n though_o that_o father_n perhaps_o do_v mistake_v his_o meaning_n whilst_o he_o relate_v it_o thus_o dixit_fw-la xenophanes_n intra_fw-la concavum_fw-la lunae_fw-la esse_fw-la aliam_fw-la terram_fw-la &_o ibi_fw-la aliud_fw-la genus_fw-la hominum_fw-la simili_fw-la modo_fw-la vivere_fw-la sicut_fw-la nos_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la terra_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o if_o he_o have_v conceive_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o great_a hollow_a body_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o who_o concavity_n there_o shall_v be_v another_o globe_n of_o sea_n and_o land_n inhabit_v by_o man_n as_o our_o earth_n be_v whereas_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v more_o likely_a by_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o that_o this_o philosopher_n opinion_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n as_o it_o be_v here_o to_o be_v prove_v true_o indeed_o the_o father_n condemn_v this_o assertion_n as_o a_o equal_a absurdity_n to_o that_o of_o anaxagoras_n who_o affirm_v the_o snow_n to_o be_v black_a but_o no_o wonder_n for_o in_o the_o very_a next_o chapter_n it_o be_v that_o he_o do_v so_o much_o deride_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o think_v there_o be_v antipode_n so_o that_o his_o ignorance_n in_o that_o particular_a may_v perhaps_o disable_v he_o from_o be_v a_o competent_a judge_n in_o any_o other_o the_o like_a point_n of_o philosophy_n
unto_o these_o agree_a pythagoras_n who_o think_v that_o our_o earth_n be_v but_o one_o of_o the_o planet_n which_o move_v round_o about_o the_o sun_n 13._o as_o aristotle_n relate_v it_o of_o he_o and_o the_o pythagorean_n in_o general_n do_v affirm_v that_o the_o moon_n also_o be_v terrestrial_a &_o that_o she_o be_v inhabit_v as_o this_o low_a world_n that_o those_o live_a creature_n and_o plant_n which_o be_v in_o she_o exceed_v any_o of_o the_o like_a kind_n with_o we_o in_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o their_o day_n be_v long_o than_o we_o viz._n by_o 15_o time_n this_o pythagoras_n be_v esteem_v by_o all_o 30._o of_o a_o most_o divine_a wit_n as_o appear_v especial_o by_o his_o valuation_n among_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v command_v by_o the_o oracle_n to_o erect_v a_o statue_n to_o the_o wise_a grecian_a the_o senate_n determine_v pythagoras_n to_o be_v mean_v 6._o prefer_v he_o in_o their_o judgement_n before_o the_o divine_a socrates_n who_o their_o god_n pronounce_v the_o wise_a some_o think_v he_o a_o jew_n by_o birth_n but_o most_o agree_v that_o he_o be_v much_o conversant_a among_o the_o learneder_n sort_n and_o priest_n of_o that_o nation_n by_o who_o he_o be_v inform_v of_o many_o secret_n and_o perhaps_o this_o opinion_n which_o he_o vent_v afterward_o in_o greece_n where_o he_o be_v much_o oppose_v by_o aristotle_n in_o some_o word_a disputation_n but_o never_o confute_v by_o any_o solid_a reason_n to_o this_o opinion_n of_o pythagoras_n do_v plato_n also_o assent_v when_o he_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v the_o like_a eclipse_n make_v by_o the_o earth_n and_o this_o that_o it_o have_v no_o light_n of_o its_o own_o that_o it_o be_v so_o full_a of_o spot_n conviviis_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o may_v often_o read_v in_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n of_o a_o aetherea_fw-la terra_fw-la macrob._n and_o lunares_fw-la populi_fw-la a_o aethereal_a earth_n 11._o &_o inhabiter_n in_o the_o moon_n but_o afterward_o this_o be_v mix_v with_o many_o ridiculous_a fancy_n for_o some_o of_o they_o consider_v the_o mystery_n imply_v in_o the_o number_n 3_o conclude_v that_o there_o must_v necessary_o be_v a_o trinity_n of_o world_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v this_o of_o we_o the_o second_o in_o the_o moon_n who_o element_n of_o water_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o sphere_n of_o mercury_n the_o air_n by_o venus_n and_o the_o fire_n by_o the_o sun_n and_o that_o the_o whole_a universe_n may_v the_o better_a end_n in_o earth_n as_o it_o begin_v they_o have_v contrive_v it_o that_o mars_n shall_v be_v a_o sphere_n of_o the_o fire_n jupiter_n of_o air_n saturn_n of_o water_n and_o above_o all_o these_o the_o elysian_a field_n spacious_a and_o pleasant_a place_n appoint_v for_o the_o habitation_n of_o those_o unspotted_a soul_n that_o either_o never_o be_v imprison_v in_o or_o else_o now_o have_v free_v themselves_o from_o any_o commerce_n with_o the_o body_n 62._o scaliger_n speak_v of_o this_o platonic_a fancy_n quae_fw-la in_o tres_fw-la trientes_fw-la mundum_fw-la quasi_fw-la assem_fw-la divisit_fw-la think_v it_o be_v confutation_n enough_o to_o say_v it_o be_v plato_n however_o for_o the_o first_o part_n of_o this_o assertion_n it_o be_v assent_v unto_o by_o many_o other_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o grossness_n and_o inequality_n of_o this_o planet_n it_o be_v frequent_o call_v quasi_fw-la terra_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la as_o be_v esteem_v the_o sediment_n and_o more_o imperfect_a part_n of_o those_o pure_a body_n lunae_fw-la you_o may_v see_v this_o prove_v by_o plutarch_n in_o that_o delightful_a work_n which_o he_o proper_o make_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o this_o particular_a 4._o with_o he_o agree_v alcinous_n and_o plotinus_n late_a writer_n thus_o lucian_n also_o in_o his_o discourse_n of_o a_o journey_n to_o the_o moon_n where_o though_o he_o do_v speak_v many_o thing_n out_o of_o mirth_n &_o in_o a_o jest_a manner_n yet_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o he_o do_v intimate_v that_o it_o do_v contain_v some_o serious_a truth_n concern_v the_o real_a frame_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o cardinal_n cusanus_fw-la and_o jornandus_n brunus_n 12._o hold_v a_o particular_a world_n in_o every_o star_n and_o therefore_o one_o of_o they_o define_v our_o earth_n he_o say_v it_o be_v stella_fw-la quaedam_fw-la nobilis_fw-la quae_fw-la lunam_fw-la &_o calorem_fw-la &_o influentiam_fw-la habet_fw-la aliam_fw-la &_o diversam_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la stellis_fw-la a_o noble_a star_n have_v a_o distinct_a light_n heat_n &_o influence_n from_o all_o the_o rest_n unto_o this_o nichol._n hill_n a_o country_n man_n of_o we_o be_v incline_v 434._o when_o he_o say_v astrea_n terrae_fw-la natura_fw-la probabilis_fw-la est_fw-la that_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o earth_n have_v a_o starry_a nature_n but_o the_o opinion_n which_o i_o have_v here_o deliver_v be_v more_o direct_o prove_v by_o thesibus_fw-la maeslin_n nunc._n keplar_n and_o sydereus_n galilaeus_fw-la each_o of_o they_o late_a writer_n and_o famous_a man_n for_o their_o singular_a skill_n in_o astronomy_n keplar_n call_v this_o world_n by_o the_o name_n of_o levania_n from_o the_o hebrew_n word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v the_o moon_n astr._n and_o our_o earth_n by_o the_o name_n of_o volva_n à _fw-la volvendo_fw-la because_o it_o do_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o diurnal_a revolution_n appear_v unto_o they_o constant_o to_o turn_v round_o and_o therefore_o he_o style_v those_o who_o live_v in_o that_o hemisphere_n which_o be_v towards_o we_o by_o the_o title_n of_o subvolvani_fw-la because_o they_o enjoy_v the_o sight_n of_o this_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o privolvani_fw-la quia_fw-la sunt_fw-la privati_fw-la conspectu_fw-la volvae_fw-la because_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o this_o privilege_n but_o julius_n caesar_n who_o i_o have_v above_o quote_v speak_v of_o their_o testimony_n who_o i_o cite_v for_o this_o opinion_n viz._n keplar_n and_o galilaeus_fw-la affirm_v that_o to_o his_o knowledge_n they_o do_v but_o jest_n in_o those_o thing_n which_o they_o write_v concern_v this_o 4._o and_o as_o for_o any_o such_o world_n he_o assure_o know_v they_o never_o so_o much_o as_o dream_v of_o it_o but_o i_o have_v rather_o believe_v their_o own_o word_n than_o his_o pretend_a knowledge_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o in_o some_o thing_n they_o do_v but_o trifle_n but_o for_o the_o main_a scope_n of_o those_o discourse_n it_o be_v as_o manifest_a they_o serious_o mean_v it_o as_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n may_v easy_o discern_v as_o for_o galilaeus_fw-la it_o be_v evident_a that_o he_o do_v set_v down_o his_o own_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n in_o these_o thing_n otherwise_o sure_a campanella_n a_o man_n as_o well_o acquaint_v with_o his_o opinion_n and_o perhaps_o his_o person_n as_o caesar_n be_v will_v never_o have_v write_v a_o apology_n for_o he_o and_o beside_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a if_o it_o have_v be_v but_o a_o jest_n galilaeus_fw-la will_v never_o have_v suffer_v so_o much_o for_o it_o as_o report_n say_v afterward_o he_o do_v and_o as_o for_o keplar_n i_o will_v only_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o own_o word_n as_o they_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o epitome_n where_o his_o purpose_n be_v to_o make_v a_o apology_n for_o the_o strangeness_n of_o those_o truth_n that_o he_o be_v there_o to_o deliver_v among_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a thing_n to_o this_o purpose_n concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o moon_n he_o profess_v that_o he_o do_v not_o publish_v they_o either_o out_o of_o a_o humour_n of_o contradiction_n or_o a_o desire_n of_o vainglory_n or_o in_o a_o jest_a way_n to_o make_v himself_o or_o other_o merry_a but_o after_o a_o considerate_a and_o solemn_a manner_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o truth_n now_o as_o for_o the_o knowledge_n which_o caesar_n pretend_v to_o the_o contrary_a you_o may_v guess_v what_o it_o be_v by_o his_o strange_a confidence_n in_o other_o assertion_n 7._o and_o his_o boldness_n in_o they_o may_v well_o derogate_v from_o his_o credit_n in_o this_o for_o speak_v of_o ptolome_n hypothesis_n he_o pronounce_v this_o verdict_n impossibile_fw-it est_fw-la excentricorum_fw-la &_o epicyclorum_fw-la positio_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la est_fw-la ex_fw-la mathematicis_fw-la adeo_fw-la stultus_fw-la qui_fw-la veram_fw-la illam_fw-la existimet_fw-la the_o position_n of_o excentrickes_n and_o epicycle_n be_v altogether_o impossible_a nor_o be_v there_o any_o mathematician_n such_o a_o fool_n as_o to_o think_v it_o true_a i_o shall_v guess_v he_o can_v not_o have_v knowledge_n enough_o to_o maintain_v any_o other_o hypothesis_n who_o be_v so_o ignorant_a in_o mathematics_n as_o to_o deny_v that_o any_o good_a author_n hold_v this_o for_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v whether_o there_o be_v never_o any_o that_o think_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v solid_a body_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o kind_n of_o motion_n as_o be_v by_o those_o feign_a
be_v so_o utter_o puzzle_v that_o he_o be_v fain_o afterward_o to_o humble_v himself_o in_o this_o acknowledgement_n 3._o i_o have_v utter_v that_o i_o understand_v not_o thing_n too_o wonderful_a for_o i_o which_o i_o know_v not_o wherefore_o i_o abhor_v myself_o and_o repent_v in_o dust_n and_o ash_n so_o that_o it_o be_v likely_a these_o holy_a man_n have_v not_o these_o humane_a art_n by_o any_o special_a inspiration_n but_o by_o instruction_n and_o study_n and_o other_o ordinary_a mean_n and_o therefore_o moses_n his_o skill_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v call_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o egyptian_n 22._o now_o because_o in_o those_o time_n all_o science_n be_v taughr_fw-mi only_o in_o a_o rude_a and_o imperfect_a manner_n therefore_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o they_o also_o have_v but_o a_o dark_a and_o confuse_v apprehension_n of_o thing_n and_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o common_a error_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n be_v it_o why_o 19_o tostatus_n speak_v of_o josuahs_n bid_v the_o moon_n stand_v still_o as_o well_o as_o the_o sun_n say_v quod_fw-la forte_fw-fr er_fw-mi at_o imperitus_fw-la circa_fw-la astrorum_fw-la doctrinam_fw-la sentiens_fw-la ut_fw-la vulgares_fw-la sentiunt_fw-la that_o perhaps_o he_o be_v unskilful_a in_o astronomy_n have_v the_o same_o gross_a conceit_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o the_o vulgar_a have_v from_o all_o which_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o ignorance_n of_o such_o good_a man_n and_o great_a scholar_n concern_v these_o philosophical_a point_n can_v be_v no_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o after_o examination_n we_o shall_v deny_v they_o or_o doubt_v of_o their_o truth_n it_o be_v considerable_a 3_o that_o in_o the_o rudiment_n and_o first_o beginning_n of_o astronomy_n and_o so_o in_o several_a age_n after_o this_o opinion_n have_v sound_v many_o patron_n and_o those_o too_o man_n of_o eminent_a note_n and_o learning_n such_o be_v more_o especial_o pythagoras_n who_o be_v general_o and_o high_o esteem_v for_o his_o divine_a wit_n and_o rare_a invention_n under_o who_o mysterious_a say_n there_o be_v many_o excellent_a truth_n to_o be_v discover_v but_o against_o his_o testimony_n it_o be_v again_o 10._o object_v if_o pythagoras_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n yet_o his_o authority_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o any_o credit_n because_o he_o be_v the_o author_n of_o many_o other_o monstrous_a absurdity_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v if_o a_o man_n error_n in_o some_o particular_n shall_v take_v away_o his_o credit_n for_o every_o thing_n else_o this_o will_v abolish_v the_o force_n of_o all_o humane_a authority_n for_o humanum_fw-la est_fw-la errane_n second_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o many_o of_o pythagora_n saying_n which_o seem_v so_o absurd_a be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v according_a to_o their_o letter_n but_o in_o a_o mystical_a sense_n 2_o but_o he_o object_n again_o that_o pythagoras_n be_v not_o of_o this_o opinion_n and_o that_o for_o two_o reason_n first_o because_o no_o ancient_a author_n that_o he_o have_v read_v ascribe_v it_o unto_o he_o second_o it_o be_v contradictory_n to_o his_o other_o opinion_n concern_v the_o harmony_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n which_o can_v not_o consist_v with_o this_o other_o of_o the_o earth_n motion_n to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v the_o objector_n can_v not_o choose_v but_o know_v that_o this_o assertion_n be_v by_o many_o ancient_a author_n ascribe_v to_o that_o sect_n whereof_o pythagoras_n be_v the_o chief_a he_o may_v have_v see_v it_o express_o in_o 13._o aristotle_n himself_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o the_o philosopher_n do_v compendious_o reckon_v up_o the_o three_o chief_a particular_n employ_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o pythagorian_o first_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n second_o the_o earth_n be_v annual_a motion_n about_o it_o as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o planet_n three_o it_o be_v diurnal_a revolution_n whereby_o it_o cause_v day_n &_o night_n to_o his_o second_o reason_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o pythagoras_n think_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o planet_n as_o appear_v by_o aristotle_n testimony_n concern_v he_o and_o to_o move_v among_o they_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n second_o but_o as_o for_o the_o celestial_a harmony_n he_o may_v perhaps_o under_o this_o mystical_a expression_n according_a to_o his_o usual_a custom_n shadow_n forth_o unto_o we_o that_o mutual_a proportion_n &_o harmonical_a consent_n which_o he_o do_v conceive_v in_o the_o several_a bigness_n distance_n motion_n of_o the_o orb_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o these_o objection_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o pythagoras_n be_v of_o this_o opinion_n and_o that_o his_o authority_n may_v add_v somewhat_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o unto_o he_o assent_v numero_fw-la aristarchus_n samius_n who_o flourish_v about_o 280_o year_n before_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n and_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o opinion_n arraign_v for_o profane_v and_o sacrilege_n by_o the_o ariopagite_n because_o he_o have_v blaspheme_v the_o deity_n of_o vesta_n affirm_v the_o earth_n to_o move_v to_o they_o agree_v philaus_fw-la heraclides_fw-la pontius_n nicetas_n syracusanus_n ecphantus_n lucippus_n and_o plato_n himself_o as_o some_o think_v so_o likewise_o numa_n pompilius_n as_o plutarch_n relate_v it_o in_o his_o life_n who_o in_o reference_n to_o this_o opinion_n build_v the_o temple_n of_o vesta_n round_o like_o the_o universe_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o be_v place_v the_o perpetual_a vest_n all_o fire_n by_o which_o he_o do_v represent_v the_o sun_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n all_o these_o man_n be_v in_o their_o several_a time_n of_o special_a note_n as_o well_o for_o their_o extraordinary_a learning_n as_o for_o this_o opinion_n it_o be_v considerable_a consid._n that_o since_o this_o science_n of_o astronomy_n have_v be_v raise_v to_o any_o perfection_n there_o have_v be_v many_o of_o the_o best_a skill_n in_o it_o that_o have_v assent_v unto_o that_o assertion_n which_o be_v here_o defend_v among_o who_o be_v the_o cardinal_n cusanus_fw-la 12._o but_o more_o especial_o copernicus_n who_o be_v a_o man_n very_o exact_a and_o diligent_a in_o these_o study_n for_o above_o 30_o year_n together_o from_o the_o year_n 1500_o to_o 1530_o and_o upward_o and_o since_o he_o most_o of_o the_o best_a astronomer_n have_v be_v of_o this_o side_n so_o that_o now_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o of_o note_n and_o skill_n who_o be_v not_o copernicus_n his_o follower_n and_o if_o we_o shall_v go_v to_o most_o voice_n this_o opinion_n will_v carry_v it_o from_o any_o other_o it_o will_v be_v too_o tedious_a to_o reckon_v up_o the_o name_n of_o those_o that_o may_v be_v cite_v for_o it_o i_o will_v only_o mention_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a such_o be_v joachinus_n rheticus_n a_o elegant_a writer_n christopherus_n rothman_n mestilin_n a_o man_n very_o eminent_a for_o his_o singular_a skill_n in_o this_o science_n who_o though_o at_o the_o first_o he_o be_v a_o follower_n of_o ptolemy_n yet_o upon_o his_o second_o and_o more_o exact_a thought_n he_o conclude_v copernicus_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_n &_o that_o the_o usual_a hypothesis_n rhetici_fw-la praescriptione_n potiùs_fw-la quam_fw-la ratione_fw-la valet_fw-la do_v prevail_v more_o by_o prescription_n then_o reason_n so_o likewise_o erasmus_n reinholdus_n who_o be_v the_o man_n that_o calculate_v the_o pratenicall_a table_n from_o copernicus_n his_o observation_n and_o do_v intend_v to_o write_v a_o commentary_n upon_o his_o other_o work_n ibid._n but_o that_o he_o be_v take_v out_o of_o this_o life_n before_o he_o can_v finish_v those_o resolution_n unto_o these_o also_o i_o may_v add_v the_o name_n of_o gilbert_n keplar_n gallilaeus_fw-la with_o sundry_a other_o who_o have_v much_o beautify_v and_o confirm_v this_o hypothesis_n with_o their_o new_a invention_n nay_o i_o may_v safe_o affirm_v that_o among_o the_o variety_n of_o those_o opinion_n that_o be_v in_o astronomy_n there_o be_v more_o of_o those_o which_o have_v skill_n in_o it_o that_o be_v of_o this_o opinion_n not_o only_o than_o any_o other_o side_n but_o than_o all_o the_o rest_n put_v together_o so_o that_o now_o it_o be_v a_o great_a argument_n of_o singularity_n to_o oppose_v it_o it_o be_v probable_a consid._n that_o many_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_n will_v have_v assent_v unto_o this_o opinion_n if_o they_o have_v be_v acquaint_v with_o those_o experiment_n which_o late_a time_n have_v find_v out_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o narratione_n rheticus_n and_o copern_n keplar_n do_v so_o oaten_a wish_n that_o aristotle_n be_v now_o alive_a again_o questionless_a he_o be_v so_o rational_a &_o ingenious_a a_o man_n not_o half_o so_o obstinate_a as_o many_o of_o his_o follower_n that_o upon_o such_o probability_n as_o these_o he_o
annuum_fw-la a_o copernicanis_fw-la astrui_fw-la quam_fw-la illo_fw-la stationis_fw-la directionis_fw-la regressionis_fw-la planetarum_fw-la there_o be_v not_o any_o more_o probable_a argument_n to_o prove_v the_o annual_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o its_o agreeablenesse_n to_o the_o station_n direction_n and_o regression_n of_o the_o planet_n last_o that_o copernicus_n his_o systeme_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v very_o answerable_a to_o the_o exact_a observation_n may_v be_v manifest_a from_o this_o follow_a description_n of_o it_o suppose_v the_o sun_n to_o be_v situate_v at_o a._n now_o because_o mercury_n be_v find_v by_o experience_n to_o be_v always_o very_a near_o the_o sun_n so_o that_o he_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n lie_v hide_v under_o his_o ray_n as_o also_o because_o this_o planet_n have_v a_o more_o lively_a vigorous_a light_n than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o therefore_o we_o may_v infer_v that_o his_o orb_n be_v place_v next_o unto_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o at_o b._n as_o for_o venus_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o she_o do_v always_o keep_v at_o a_o set_a distance_n from_o the_o sun_n never_o go_v from_o he_o above_o forty_o degree_n or_o thereabouts_o that_o her_o body_n appear_v through_o the_o perspective_n to_o be_v forty_o time_n big_a at_o one_o time_n than_o at_o another_o that_o when_o she_o seem_v big_a and_o near_a unto_o we_o we_o then_o discern_v she_o as_o be_v perfect_o round_a therefore_o do_v this_o planet_n also_o move_v in_o a_o circle_n that_o incompass_n the_o sun_n which_o circle_n do_v not_o contain_v the_o earth_n within_o it_o because_o then_o venus_n will_v sometime_o be_v in_o opposition_n to_o the_o sun_n whereas_o it_o be_v general_o grant_v that_o she_o never_o yet_o come_v so_o far_o as_o to_o be_v in_o a_o sextile_n nor_o be_v this_o circle_n below_o the_o sun_n as_o ptolomey_n suppose_v because_o then_o this_o planet_n in_o vespertinâ—_n both_o its_o conjunction_n will_v appear_v horn_v which_o she_o do_v not_o nor_o be_v it_o above_o the_o sun_n because_o than_o she_o will_v always_o appear_v in_o the_o full_a and_o never_o horn_v from_o whence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o this_o orb_n must_v necessary_o be_v betwixt_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o sun_n as_o that_o at_o c._n as_o for_o mars_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o he_o do_v appear_v sixty_o time_n big_a when_o he_o be_v near_o we_o than_o at_o his_o great_a distance_n that_o he_o be_v sometime_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o sun_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o his_o orb_n do_v contain_v our_o earth_n within_o it_o it_o be_v observe_v also_o that_o he_o do_v constant_o appear_v in_o the_o full_a and_o never_o horn_v from_o whence_o likewise_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o sun_n be_v comprehend_v within_o its_o orb_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o which_o be_v represent_v by_o the_o circle_n e._n and_o because_o the_o like_a appearance_n be_v observe_v in_o jupiter_n and_o saturn_n though_o in_o less_o degree_n therefore_o we_o may_v with_o good_a reason_n conceive_v they_o to_o be_v in_o the_o heaven_n after_o some_o such_o manner_n as_o they_o be_v here_o set_v down_o in_o the_o figure_n by_o the_o circle_n f._n g._n as_o for_o the_o moon_n because_o she_o be_v sometime_o in_o opposition_n to_o the_o sun_n therefore_o must_v her_o orb_n comprehend_v in_o it_o the_o earth_n because_o she_o appear_v dark_a in_o her_o conjunction_n and_o sometime_o eclipse_n the_o sun_n therefore_o that_o must_v necessary_o be_v without_o her_o orb_n as_o it_o be_v in_o that_o epicycle_n at_o h._n in_o the_o centre_n of_o which_o the_o earth_n must_v necessary_o be_v situate_v according_a to_o all_o those_o appearance_n mention_v before_o so_o that_o the_o orb_n of_o its_o annual_a motion_n will_v be_v represent_v by_o the_o circle_n d._n all_o which_o appearance_n can_v so_o well_o be_v reconcile_v by_o ptolomey_n tycho_n origanus_n or_o by_o any_o other_o hypothesis_n as_o by_o this_o of_o copernicus_n but_o the_o application_n of_o these_o to_o the_o several_a planet_n together_o with_o sundry_a other_o particular_n concern_v the_o theorical_a part_n of_o astronomy_n you_o may_v see_v more_o full_o set_v down_o by_o those_o who_o have_v purposely_o handle_v this_o subject_n copernicus_n rheticus_n galilaeus_fw-la but_o more_o especial_o keplar_n nnto_fw-la who_o i_o do_v acknowledge_v myself_o indebt_v for_o sundry_a particular_n in_o this_o discourse_n i_o have_v do_v with_o that_o which_o be_v the_o chief_a purpose_n of_o the_o present_a treatise_n namely_o the_o removal_n of_o those_o common_a prejudices_fw-la that_o man_n usual_o entertain_v against_o this_o opinion_n it_o remain_v that_o by_o way_n of_o conclusion_n i_o endeavour_v to_o stir_v up_o other_o unto_o these_o kind_n of_o study_n which_o by_o most_o man_n be_v so_o much_o neglect_v it_o be_v the_o most_o rational_a way_n in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o several_a object_n to_o proportion_v our_o love_n and_o endeavour_v after_o every_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o excellency_n and_o desireablenesse_n of_o it_o but_o now_o among_o all_o earthly_a contentment_n there_o be_v nothing_o either_o better_a in_o itself_o or_o more_o convenient_a for_o we_o than_o this_o kind_n of_o learning_n and_o that_o whether_o you_o consider_v it_o according_a to_o its_o general_a nature_n as_o a_o science_n or_o according_a to_o it_o be_v more_o special_a nature_n as_o such_o a_o science_n 1_o consider_v it_o as_o a_o science_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o among_o the_o variety_n of_o object_n those_o be_v more_o eligible_a which_o conduce_v unto_o the_o welfare_n of_o that_o which_o be_v our_o best_a part_n our_o soul_n it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o please_a of_o our_o sense_n or_o the_o increase_n of_o our_o fortune_n that_o do_v deserve_v our_o industry_n as_o the_o information_n of_o our_o judgement_n the_o improvement_n of_o our_o knowledge_n whatever_o the_o world_n may_v think_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o vast_a estate_n a_o noble_a birth_n a_o eminent_a place_n that_o can_v add_v any_o thing_n to_o our_o true_a real_a worth_n but_o it_o must_v be_v the_o degree_n of_o that_o which_o make_v we_o man_n that_o must_v make_v we_o better_a man_n the_o endowment_n of_o our_o soul_n the_o enlargement_n of_o our_o reason_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o contemplation_n of_o philosophy_n the_o heathen_a quaest._n seneca_n will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o thank_v the_o god_n for_o his_o be_v nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la haec_fw-la admitterer_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la opere_fw-la pretium_fw-la nasci_fw-la detrahe_fw-la hoc_fw-la inestimabile_fw-la bonum_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la vita_fw-la tanti_fw-la ut_fw-la sudem_fw-la ut_fw-la aestuem_fw-la take_v but_o away_o this_o benefit_n &_o he_o will_v not_o think_v life_n worth_n the_o sweat_a for_o so_o much_o happiness_n can_v he_o discern_v in_o the_o study_n of_o nature_n and_o therefore_o as_o a_o science_n in_o general_a it_o may_v very_o well_o deserve_v our_o love_n and_o industry_n 2_o consider_v it_o as_o such_o a_o particular_a science_n astronomy_n the_o word_n signify_v the_o law_n of_o the_o star_n and_o the_o hebrew_n who_o do_v not_o ordinary_o admit_v of_o composition_n call_v it_o in_o two_o word_n 25._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d coelorum_fw-la statuta_fw-la or_o the_o ordinance_n of_o heaven_n because_o they_o be_v govern_v in_o their_o course_n by_o a_o certain_a rule_n as_o the_o psalmist_n speak_v in_o the_o hundred_o forty_o eight_o psa._n ve_fw-la 6._o god_n have_v give_v they_o a_o law_n which_o shall_v not_o be_v break_v now_o this_o of_o all_o natural_a science_n may_v best_o of_o all_o challenge_n our_o industry_n and_o that_o whither_o you_o consider_v it_o 1_o absolute_o as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o or_o 2_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o reference_n to_o we_o 1_o as_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o the_o excellency_n of_o any_o science_n may_v be_v judge_v of_o say_v the_o philosopher_n first_o by_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o object_n second_o by_o the_o certainty_n of_o its_o demonstration_n 1._o for_o the_o object_n it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o the_o whole_a world_n since_o our_o earth_n also_o be_v one_o of_o the_o planet_n more_o especial_o those_o vast_a and_o glorious_a body_n of_o the_o heaven_n so_o that_o in_o this_o respect_n it_o far_o exceed_v all_o those_o barren_a empty_a speculation_n about_o materia_fw-la prima_fw-la and_o vniversale_fw-la and_o such_o like_a cob_n web_n of_o learning_n in_o the_o study_n of_o which_o so_o many_o do_v misplace_v their_o young_a year_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n likewise_o be_v it_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o all_o those_o other_o science_n who_o subject_n be_v not_o either_o of_o so_o wide_a a_o extent_n or_o so_o excellent_a a_o nature_n 2_o for_o the_o demonstration_n of_o astronomy_n they_o be_v as_o infallible_a as_o truth_n itself_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n also_o do_v it_o excel_v all_o other_o