new Roots which may be divided into Multitudes and removed and is an excellent Pot-herb Rosemary may be improved by Seed or set in Slips immediately after Lammas-tide in a moist good Earth Rule or Herb of Grace is an excellent Preserver 〈◊〉 Health as also Gardus this will grow of Slips Saffron is proper for this Garden as being a great Câ—dial at need Remove the Roots every three Years 〈◊〉 Flowers at Michaelmas when the Chives of Saffron mâ— be gathered Sage may be kept from Seeding by cutting the aspiring Tops then it will spread encrease in Leaves and Sprouting Savory Seeds the first Year and dies Sweet Sicily is either to be sown of Seeds or the dividing of Roots and transplanting it lasts long Thyme may be encreased either of Slips Roots or Seeds 〈◊〉 and if you let it not run to Seed which you may prevent by Topping it will last three or four Years at least Sweet Marjorum is produced best by Seeds but not lasting feeding and dying the first Year mostly Charvil is improved of Seed and will continue some time Tansy or Garden-mint are easily propagated by Seeds or divided Roots and will flourish and continue a long time And tho' there are others I might set down let thâ—â— suffice as a sufficient Store for this kind of Garden Rule in general for ordering Herbs c. â—N setting Herbs ever observe to leave the Tops no more than a Handful above the Ground and the â—â—s a Foot under the Earth â—wine the Roots of the Herbs you set unless too britâ— Observe always to sow dry and set moist â—et Slips without Shanks at any time except very hot â—â—ther as about Midsummer and in hard Frosts And â—â—ent such from Seeding as you would have continue 〈◊〉 for that weakens and decays the Root by drawing Heat from it â—â—ther Herbs when the Sap is full in the Top of them â—â—ce Pensroyal Camomile Dasies c. on Banks Artichoaks Cabbages Parsnips Carrots Saffron â—â—roots Onions Colliflowers Colwort Savoys c. â—â—uire whole Plats of Ground for their better thriving 〈◊〉 set at Distance they may be interlined with other â—â—ings of low Growth Gather all your Seeds ripe and 〈◊〉 and lay not Heaps of Dung to the Roots of Herbs the Over-rankness burn them up â—et Herbs and Plants distant according to the greatness smallness of them Such Herbs as you intend to gather for drying to keep 〈◊〉 â—se all the Winter do it about Lammas-tide dry â—em in the Shade that the Sun draw not out their Virâ— but in a clear Air and brezy Wind that no Mustiâ— may taint them then on Lines hang the Bundles â—â—y thin cross a Room where usually there is a Fire â—â—de in the Winter Thus far having directed you in what is most material 〈◊〉 the Furnishing and Ordering the Kitchen-Garden as Herbs c. I shall now shew you what is proper to be 〈◊〉 relating to Roots and other Things not or but very â—â—ly touched on Of Roots proper for the Kitchen-Garden their well Ordâ—â—ing and Improvement ROOTS are one of the main Things to be conâ—dered in a Kitchen-Garden and the chief of thâ— for Sweetness and good Nourishment is the Parsnip This is proper to be sown in the Spring rich and well stir'd mellow Soil that is deep dug so thâ— their Roots with little Interruption may descend aâ— grow in compass And when you perceive they 〈◊〉 grown to some bigness tread down the Tops that Roots may grow the larger In the Winter Seasâ— when you take them out of the Ground beware of â—ting them Take off the Mould clean and if you 〈◊〉 to keep them you may put them in Sand which 〈◊〉 preserve them a long time the fairest you may let 〈◊〉 to Seed to supply another Crop Trenching and Mellâ—ing the Ground in which you sow them to keep the as much as may be from wet The Skirt-Root is a very sweet Root much nourishiâ—â— and provocative It is well raised in a light and 〈◊〉 Mould which may be done of Slips planted in Roâ— or Ranges in the Spring-time about half a Foot distancâ— In Winter when you take up the Roots it will not 〈◊〉 amiss that you lay the Tops in the Earth till the Spriâ— for your further encrease Radishes are easily produced of Seed yet require good black mellow Mould that they may grow laâ— and deep and such Grounds as no Soakings or Spewinâ— of Water are in to rot or spoil them Potatoes in good fat Garden-Mould thrive a main anâ— if the Roots be accidentally cut with a Spade or otheâ— wise each part of it will grow and recovering thâ— Wound turn a perfect Root And so little Care thâ— require when once well taken in the Ground that thâ— can hardly be got out Jerusalem-Artichoakes are somewhat of the Nature 〈◊〉 â—â—toes but more soft and flashy when boiled and will 〈◊〉 as Potatoes in any good Mould and continue withâ— renewing for many Years and to propagate these them with a Stick they growing end upward â—â—aions are necessary for Sallets or shread with Potâ—s Broth Sauces or divers other Uses They best â—ive in a fat warm Soil and are proper to be sown in â—rch or the beginning of April for if sown sooner 〈◊〉 must be covered at first to keep them from the â—lls of extream Cold and where they grow very thick 〈◊〉 must be drawn whilst Young for the use of the â—hen or be transplanted and when they are grown 〈◊〉 reasonable bigness you may tread down the Spinâ— or Stalks that the Root may yet grow bigger 〈◊〉 prosper well when sown with Bay-salt and are to be drawn the latter end of August in a dry Season 〈◊〉 being rubbed clean tied in Bunches and hung up in moderate dry Out-House or laid thin in Straw that being well dryed they may be made up in Bundles or â—es or disposed of by Measure as the Custom for 〈◊〉 is some of the largest you may let stand for Seed â—gain a fresh supply the next Season Garlick is a very useful Root in many cases but most â—ysical In any rich Ground it prospers with a little â—re regard than Sowing or Setting taken of it It proâ—es in a little time a wonderful encrease and despises â—e Injury of Weather above all Roots And if the Tops 〈◊〉 kept down the Roots will grow much the larger Turnips tho' usually grown in the Field yet proâ—er best in a good Garden Soil being propagated from â—e Seed and when they come up which may be earâ—r or later as you sow them they must be Howed 〈◊〉 kept pretty thin the better to propagate Sow a â—e slacked Lime with the seeds to keep the Insects â—n destroying them on the Ground or to prevent Worm-eaten Roots or if the Caterpillar Slug or Snail â—ake the new sprung Plant do the like upon them and 〈◊〉 few showers will bring them up apace When you â—raw them leave the largest for seed Beans Pease Artichoaks Asparagus Cabbages Câ—â—flowers
Good Cherries The Egriot Brigzsaux Great Bearer Morella Morocco-cherry and Carnations Peaches The Violet Muscat Nutmeg Peach Isabella Newington Persian and Rombovillet Plumbs Lady Elizabeth Primordial Damsens Myrbolans Blue and Red and Amber Violet Violet or Cheâ—â—plumb the Kings Plumb Deny Damask Pear-plumb â—namon-plumb Spanish Morocco-plumb Tawny and Abrâ—cot-plumb Apples The Marget-apple Deaux-ans Winter Rusâ—ting Pippins Andrew-apple Janeting Cinamon-appâ— Red and White Pears The Green-chesil Pearl-pear the Primat Ruâ—pear Summer-pears Gooseberries Currants Rasberries Strawberries â—lonsa Virgo â™ or the Virgin-Sign AUGUST BEgin not early to Inoculate gather Buds of thâ— Year and do it before you remove the Stockâ— Cut away the superfluous Branches and such Shoots 〈◊〉 are found of these second Spring but do not disrobe 〈◊〉 Fruit of too many Leaves whereby they may be 〈◊〉 too open to the scorching of the Sun Nail up such you leave on to cover the Wall's defects still take awâ—â— the superfluous Branches from the Vines but not so miâ— as to expose the Grapes too much to the Sun's heat 〈◊〉 they lose their Plumpness and ripen unkindly Pluck 〈◊〉 Suckers Release and unbind the Buds you have Inoculated 〈◊〉 they have taken prune and stop them make Cydâ— and Summer Perry Now is the exact Season for the Orange-tree's Bâ—ding therefore at the commencement of this Month Iâ—culate upon Seed-stocks of 4 Springs and to have thâ— better Buds cut off the Top of some aged Orange-treâ— which is of a growing kind and so get good Shoots About Bartholomew-tide lay your choice Greens as â—â—mmons Oranges Mirtles Jesamin Philareus Arbutus â—eanders and excellent Shrubs as the Pomegranates â—â—d such as will not endure the Nipping of the Frosts â—aking the Branches and Shoots of the Spring stake them â—own with little Hook-stakes in very Fertile Earth well â—iled with Soil that is consumed Water them during 〈◊〉 hot Weather on all convenient Times and when 〈◊〉 Month returns again they will be fit to remove â—ansplant them into suitable Earth and place them in â—e shade so that they may be kept moderately moist â—ut not too wet for fear of Rotting the Fibres of the â—oots and at the End of three Weeks find out an Airier place to set them in till the End of fifteen Days Fruits in Season Prime and yet remaining Sound Apples Sheeps-snout Kirham-apple May-flower Seamâ—ng-apple Cushion-apple Ladies Longing Spicing-apple John-apple Pippin Pears The Slipper-pear Burgomot Red Catharine Soâ—ereign Windsor Orange the Prussia-pear King Catharine the Deny-pear Sugar-pear Summer-poppings the Lording-pear c. Nectarines The Cluster-nectarine the Yellow-nectarine the Murcy-nectarine the Tawny Red-roman the Little Green-nectarine c. Abricots and Peaches The Savoy Mala-cottoon the Peach des Pot the Roman-peach Quince-peach Man-peach Burdeaux-peach Crown-peach Rambovillet Musk-peach Grand Carnation Portugal-peach Lover-peach Plumbs The White Date Imperial-blew Black Pear-plumb Yellow Pear-plumb Late Pear-plumb Great Anthony Turkey-plumb White Nutmeg Jane-plumb Some other Fruits of this Month viz. Filberts Cornelians Cluster-grapes and Muscadine Currants Figs Melons c. Libra ♎ or the Ballance SEPTEMBER THIS is a proper Month to Gather the ripe Wâ—ter-fruit as Plumbs Apples Pears c. for if thâ— hang longer the Winds being boisterous will shake theâ— off and spoil them for keeping by their Fall obseâ— to gather them always in dry Weather and if the Seaâ— afford it when the Sun has sucked up the Dews and â—â—sture from the Fruit and Leaves Let at liberty the Bud you have Inoculated espeâ—â—ally if you perceive them pinch for in that case it mâ—â— be done sooner Lay on your Winter Store of Duâ— spread it finely and thinly that the Rain may soak it iâ— to fertilize the Ground Prune Pine and Fir-trees bâ—tween the ninth and twelfth of this Month if it wâ— neglected in March and this will prove the more prospâ—rous Season About Michaelmas House choice Green and the tenderest Plants in a convenient Conservatorâ— a Lemmons Oranges Barba Jovis Ammonium Dates c ordering them with refreshing Mould stirring up 〈◊〉 rest and so filling up the Cases that they may keep 〈◊〉 Roots warm as consumed and rich Soil to wash in anâ— nourish the Fibres keep the Windows open till thâ— Cold admonish you to shut them Set such Plants as agree not to be Housed into thâ— Earth placing their Pots and Cases lower than the Surface of the Bed and to expose them as much as may be to the South that the Sun may a little refresh them iâ— the Winter and the cold Northern Winds skreened off cloath them with dry and fresh Moss and then coveâ— them with Glasses but in open Weather under the favour of the Sun's warm Beams or falling of gentle Showers give them Air to revive and exhilerate them and keep them from the Annoyance of any Creature thaâ— may come to break bruise or otherwise spoil them Fruits in Season Prime and still remaining sound Grapes The Muscadine Grape the little Blue-Grape â—â—e Verjuice-Grape excellent for Pickling Peaches The Malacoton the Liver-Peach c. Pears The Messieur Jane Beze d' Hery Hambden's â—agomont Black Worcester the Rowling Pear the Green 〈◊〉 Orange the Summer bon Christien Frith-Pear Hedgeâ—â—r Lewis-Pear Brunswick Pear Winter Poppering Biâ—â—'s Pear Bing's Bear Diego Emperor's Pear Cluster-â—â—â— Balsam-Pear Enelyn Norwich-Pear Arundel-Pear â—â—en fielding Apples The William the Belle bonne the Summer â—ermain the Red Greening Ribed Violet Apple Bloody â—â—in Narvy-Apple Pear-Apple Lording-Apple Quince-â—â—ple and several others of less worth and note Scorpio â™ or the Scorpion OCTOBER NOW is the proper Time for Trenching Ground in order to the well laying it for Orchards that 〈◊〉 Winter may Mellow it Plant your dry Trees viz. â—ruit-Trees of all Sorts Wall-Trees Standard or â—hrubs such as lose their Leaves but let those for the â—all be not above two Years Grafting smooth and veâ—â— sound Ablequation is now in Season as for old unâ—riving Trees bear their Roots and of those that â—ver hastily blow stir well the Ground you have newly â—lanted Continue in the encrease of the Moon to gaâ—her Winter-Fruit that remains always observing to gaâ—â—er when they are dry and beware of Pinching or Bruiâ—ng them with your Fingers lest they Taint and Rot â—ly them in fresh Wheat Straw in your Loft and cover â—hem warm Plash and make up your Quickset Fences after the seâ—ond Year remove Grafts unless such as are intended for Dwarf-trees which may well be let alone till the thâ—â— Year Sow Hard and Stony and hard Kernel Seeds as thâ—â— of the Pear-plumb Heart-cherries Black-cherries Mâ—rello's the Stones of Almonds Apple Pear Crab Nuâ— c. Cleanse by Sweeping your Walks and Allies of tâ—â— Autumnal Leaves lest Rotting they Breed Insects to â—ny your Ground Cut away the Hedgy Grass spreâ— Mole-hills and scrape the Moss from off your Fruit-treeâ— Fruit in Season Prime or still remaining sound Pears The Lambert-Pear Russel-pear Green Butâ— Pear Cow-Pear Saffron-pear Russet-pear Petworth-peâ—â— Violet-pear or Winter Windsor-Pear Thorne-pear Cloâ— pear
keeping the natural Colour it will be well done in the shade however a little of the Sun is proper to prevent their being musty Now Mellons and Strawberries are in season and some other cooling Things Nature prudently providing such for the refreshing Mankind and theâ— kindly preservation of Health in hot Season while the hotter come seasonably in the colder Months Leo ♌ or the Lyon JULY Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. THE beginning of this Month sow Lettice Radish c. for young and tender Salleting also latter Pease that they may be ripe in October Let Herbs designed â—r it run to Seed and carefully save it for a new supâ—ly Long-sided Cabbages planted in May may now be reâ—oved and cut away all rotten and putrified Leaves from them and be yet diligent in the Weeding and Cleansing part of your Garden hoeing up the Weeds so â—on as they begin to appear above Ground and by this means a great riddance may be made in a ltitle Time â—an in a longer when they grow up Root-deep and â—rove more cumbersome to the Ground Destroy Worms â—nd other Insects by sprinkling hot Ashes in the places â—hey most frequent and it will utterly destroy such as â—re touched by it when a little Rain descends on it It 〈◊〉 also a great Enemy to the Weeds tho' Grass is imâ—roved by it and it proves an excellent Manure for that purpose but lay not on too much in hot Weather unâ—ess much Rain falls to dissolve it and moistens the Earth by which means it may leisurely soak in and disperse itself Virgo â™ or the Virgin-Sign AUGUST Things proper to be done in the Kitchen Garden this month THIS Month sow Radishes particularly the black ones to prevent going to Seed pale tender Cabbages Colliflowers for Winter Plants Lettice Carrots Corm Sallet Marigold Spinage Turnips Onions Parsnips Angela curled Endive Scurvy-grass c. To prevent Plants running up too hastily to Seed draw the Root a little out of the Ground lay them slaunting and cover them again with fresh Mould and by that means it will be prevented To secure Colliflowers to bear good Heads that are aâ— to overspread or upon Flowers before their Heads câ— be quite perfected take them out of the Ground anâ— bury them in some cold place as a Cellar and boâ— Root and stalk to the very Head and so without beinâ— exposed to the very Sun they will harden and bear firâ— Heads Now take up your Onions that are well grown as alsâ— Garlick transplant the Lettice you design shall continâ— for the Winter Gather seeds and clip such Herbs as you design shooâ— continue well in the Winter before the Full of the Moon And towards the latter end of this Month sow Puâ—slane Chard-beet Charvil and such like Herbs for use taking the Mould finely over them and laying thâ— Ground smooth and even yet so well covered that thâ— Birds cannot see them to destroy them and if Showerâ— fall and wash them out of the Ground cover them agaiâ— in the same manner Libra ♎ or the Ballance SEPTEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month SOw Skirrets Lettice Spinage Radishes Parsnips c. Cabbages Colliflowers Onions Anniseeds Scurvey-grass c. It is now proper to transplant Asparagus-roots anâ— Artichoaks Sow Herbs for Winter-store as also Roots get Strawberry plants out of the Copices or Woods and planâ— them in your Garden about a Foot asunder Towards the end of the Month earth up the Sallad-â—hs and Winter-plants set forth such Cabbage and Colliflower-plants as were sowed in August prepare Comâ—ost to be used in trenching and preparing and lay your Ground well for the approaching Winter where it is disencumbered as the occasion requires it and if the cold season hastily advances get warm covering for â—our tender Herbs either to preserve them well all the Winter or till such Time as you shall have occasion to â—pend them Scorpio â™ or the Scorpion OCTOBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THis Month that it may lie for Winter-mellowing trench the Ground Sow Genova-Lettice which will with a little care continue for good Sallading all the Winter with Glass-bells and straw over them in the hard Frost or Cold but touch them not presently after a Thaw lest you break or crack the Glasses This Month you may sow Radishes clear the Alley of all Leafs that have fallen lest they corrupt and produce or at least shelter Vermin to annoy your Plants and seeds and foul your Garden with their Excrements Prepare covering for tender Herbs and Plants and be diligent in rectifying what is amiss in every part that your Garden may not only be pleasant and delightful to the Eye but profitable in encrease by being disencumbered of offensive Things Sagitarius â™ or the Archer NOVEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THIS Month Trench fit to prepare your Garden Ground for Artichoaks carry Compost out of yoâ— Mellon-ground or mingle it by often turning with goâ— Earth so lay it in Ridges prepared for your Business oâ— the Spring Always note to sow moderate dry and plant moist but what you sow cover not too thick with Earth and there are many seeds you cannot sow too shallow so thaâ— they are covered sufficiently to preserve them from the Birds destroying them Set and sow early Beans and Pease which you may continue till Shrovetide Cut off the Tops of Asparagus cover the Roots with Dung or make Beds that they may be prepared for the spring planting Take up Patatoes a sufficiency for the Winter-spending and if they have been of any continuance tho' you search narrowly a sufficiency will escape to repair the Stock Lay up your Winter-store of Carrots Parsnips Turnips Cabbages c. as also seeds Capricorn ♑ or the Goat DECEMBER Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month SOW for early Beans and Pease if a prospect of violent Frosts are not in view This Month is proper to Trench your Garden ground â—d dung it well set Traps to destroy Vermin and lay table-litter over such Herbs or Plants as can least enâ—re the Cold and what things are requisite to cover them now for either the Frosts are begun or very near approaching no Winter passing without more or less force of them which leave their marks and scars on most Herbs and Plants making them drop and languish for want of refreshing Heat to comfort them How to know particular Flowers that will alter for the best EXperience tell us that those Flowers which differ in Number of Leafs in colours and shape their seeds will produce Flowers much different from the ordinary Flowers tho' but a Year or two before produced all of one Flower nay a particular Flower among many others of one Plant will bring more double ones than 20 others that are not quallified in the same Nature As for Example the Stock-gilliflower that have five leaves or
be in plain Ground laying â—ot so low as the wet and dampness may too much inâ—st it nor so high as to lye lyable to too much dryness â—â—e injury of Storms or sharp Air to â—nâ—p the tender â—ranches and Buds high Grounds are not naturally â—ertile and if they be Manured with Dung the Rains 〈◊〉 a little time wash down the futness and leave them â—â—or so that the one part will have overmuch and â—e other grow steril for want of it and it will be convenient it be sheltered with wild Trees round tâ— Verges of a good growth if possible that they mâ—â— break the turbulent Wind especially the S uth-Weâ—â— and North-West Winds which are usually violent March and September when the Air is free from eâ—tream Heat or Colds and a fitter place cannot be châ—sen for an Orchard if it may be done than on a cuâ—ous Level by a River-side or some pleasant Brook 〈◊〉 too near a Marsh or Moory Ground whence frequenâ— Fogs and Mists arise which hinder the growth of tâ— Plants and much injure them by ingendering poysonoâ— or infectious Air at certain Seasons The Suns long lying on the Trees greatly refresh aâ— enliven them in Winter as well as Summer let it 〈◊〉 therefore so chosen that it may not be destitute of 〈◊〉 Morning and Evening Sun at any time when it shinâ— and this appears by such Trees as are placed againâ— Walls where the refracted Beams give a greater heat make them Blossom and Leaf very early and to spreâ— their Branches so Luxurant that they require very ofâ— cutting or they take up so much Sap as not only hindâ—â— the Fruit in growth but in kindly ripening as shall more plainly shewed in the Progress of this necessaâ— Work CHAP. II. Which Soil is most fit for an Orchard anâ— the ordering it in that Kind WHEN you have found a proper and commoâ—ous Site for Planting of Fruit-Trees then â—quire into the Nature of the Soil and though Fruâ—â— Trees will grow in almost all Soils yet they will â—bundantly better thrive in one sort than in another fâ— Apple Pear red and white Plumb Philberd Da◠〈◊〉 Bully Barbery and the like require a black fat â—ellow and clean tempered Soil wherein they may â—ther plenty of good Sap. The Soil may be bettered by digging breaking and â—ell melting being cast up or laid level which with 〈◊〉 little Dung destroys those Weeds that are Enemies to â—ants If the Ground be much over-grown with Weeds 〈◊〉 subject to any Incumbrances of the like Nature than â—re up the Surface with the Root of them lay them in â—aps to dry with a hollowness underneath like an Oven 〈◊〉 Furnace and when by turning the Air and Sun have â—ssed on them that they are pretty dry put Fuel aâ—ongst them and burn the Weeds and Earth then â—eak the Cumbers and scatter them with the Ashes oâ—r the Ground and they will prove good Manure then â—rinkle a small sprinkling of Sea-cole-ashes or unslacked â—me and when the Rain has pretty well soaked them 〈◊〉 dig up the Ground and Trench it with a little Dung â—d if it be indifferent good Soil it will be excellent for 〈◊〉 Production of Fruit-trees and if your Orchard be â—bject to dryness in extream Droughts it will be very â—vantagious if it so lye that by Sluces you can overâ—w it with Water twice in the Summer and let the â—â—ter pass over it twenty four Hours and then draw it 〈◊〉 and fine Grass growing in an Orchard keeps the â—ound very moist but let it not grow thick about the â—ots of the Trees lest it breeds Mots shelter Vermine â—inâ—ure them or they be prejudiced by keeping the heat 〈◊〉 the Sun from them for the Sun's coming to the Roots â—n enlivener of the Tree It is not proper to dig very â—r Fruit-trees that are well grown unless by a careful 〈◊〉 skilful Hand for fear of cutting or wounding the â—ots that spread in the Ground which often makes the â—ees languish abate of their growth and yield less Fruit. The Crust of the Earth tempered with Heat Cold 〈◊〉 Moisture is a great helper to Trees for in that â—y chiefly spread their Roots especially those parts â—t mostly suck in and set up the Sap and this is in some Soil Eighteen Inches and in others less for low the Ground is not so fertile CHAP. III. Quantity of Ground and Shape manner Fencing and other Matters tending to tâ— preservation of your Orchard AS for the quantity of Ground to be employed 〈◊〉 an Orchard I account the larger the better for 〈◊〉 Trees growing up fence each other and if the Vergeâ— blasted the rest are frequently sheltered as well from as the Winds shaking down the Fruit when ripe 〈◊〉 hurting the Trees when young by losening their Roâ— but the proportion of Ground I cannot limit becaâ— it must be according to Conveniency the Planter's Aâ—lity or Pleasure and in the same Manner I musâ— general leave the Form to his Discretion for that whâ— pleases one another dislikes some Round some Squâ— some Triangular others Long and indeed Plats 〈◊〉 Grounds cannot be every where exactly chosen but 〈◊〉 must be contrived as they fall out to the best Advâ—tage As for Fencing in this you must be diligent as 〈◊〉 to preserve your Fruit from Thieves as Trees frâ— Spoil by the breaking in of Cattle and likewise 〈◊〉 it may be a good shelter to the young Plants Stoâ— Walls where Stone is plenty may be cheaply raiâ— or those of Brick but above all I recommend a gâ— thick and well grown Quickset of white Thorns 〈◊〉 thickening Brambles black Thorn or dwarf Shâ— at the bottom especially where Wall Fruit is not reâ—red and by skilful Setting and Continuance it 〈◊〉 grow so thick that it will be a great security more than Pailes Railes or Walls of Earth and grow high it may on the top be cut with Shears in Turfs â—nd Piramids and become a pleasant Ornament to the â—rchard As for Walks I shall describe them in that â—art of this Book that particularly relates to Gardening â—ho in Orchards curious green Walks kept short by â—lowing and Rowling in Summer are of good Esteem â—nd such may be raised so above the common Surface â—hat the Wet may have little influence in staying on â—hem even in Winter after a shower of Rain is past A â—ote or large wet Ditch round an Orchard is very serâ—iceable if it can be conveniently done and continued with Water But from these things I proceed to what â—omes somewhat nearer to my purpose viz. The getâ—ng ordering and planting of Sets c. CHAP. IV. â—ets how to be Chosen and Ordered either to grow up to Trees or to be Grafted on c. THE best and most usual kind of Sets are young Plants which have been brought up in a Nursery â—hether of Apples Pears Plumbs or the like has â—ing good Roots for they are more certain than Slips â—r such suckers as were taken
from the Roots of grown â—rees and in removing them get all the Root â—ou can out of the Ground for if a main part of the â—oot be lost as some regard it not then it follows the Tree cannot thrive so well though upon the transplantâ—ng some of the Top be taking off for the Root has a â—ympathy with the Branches as to the greatness â—r smallness and when the Sap is straitned or lessenâ—d then is it that the Tree pines for want of its free â—urrency and Communication and when you take up â—he Root divest it not as little as may be of the Earth 〈◊〉 grows in for that upon the transplanting will be nourishing to it till it become better acquainted wiâ—â— the new Ground Too much Topping or Stowing approve not of because it very much hinders the growtâ— of the Tree and when you cut off any Branches dâ— it upwards that slanting it may shoot off the Wet anâ— not any way rive or split and if Clay and fine sisteâ— Horse Dung or Cow Dung were well mixed and clapped on the Cuts of the Branches it would be very proper to keep them from the Cold and Wet till they grow and begin to thrive unless you intend these Plants foâ— Grafting and then you may let the Tops grow till yoâ— cut the Stem for Inoculation in which you shall here after be instructed with all that is proper relating to it and set these in Rows by a Line in such Holes as yoâ— have prepared laying the Earth then lightly upon them after they are well placed in the Hole and heap it higheâ— then the Surface that it may well settle by Degrees and keep the Tree from the Roots being much shaken by thâ— Wind to which end whilst the Trees are young yoâ— must also use Stakes or Poles well fixed in the Ground fastned to the Plants by Hay-bands and some Moss oâ— soft thing clapped between to prevent the fretting thaâ— may accrue by the ratling or shaking of the Wind. Slips which some use are not so good by much to plant for either many of them miss to take Root or iâ— they do the Root being the main Wood doats and rots iâ— the Ground when the Tree comes to growth so that they are but of short continuance or at least-ways will buâ— weakly bare and those chiefly in Apple-trees yet a Bur-knot kindly taken from an Apple-Tree is much better and surer and this you must cut close at the Roots-end a handful under the Knot then cut away all the Twigs except the main one and set it deep in the Ground thaâ— it may only rise a little above the Surface and it wilâ— shoot up and become a good Stock especially for Grafting on if you like not the Fruit otherways As for large Fruit-trees there is danger in transplantâ—ng them for many times they do not thrive by reason â—f the injury they receive in the Roots for if some of â—he lesser Spums take they generally do not all so thâ—â—â—he Body not having sufficient Nourishment the Heart â—rows blackish or of a yellow colour and many times â—ho they bring forth fair Blossoms they have not strength â—nough to form their Fruit in the natural Perfection It has been Experimented that a Bough has been taken from a thriving Tree of a good bigness and grown to be 〈◊〉 Tree the manner thus Take off the Bark in a round Circle when the Sap is in it and make a Mortar of Clay â—ine Earth and a little Dung and clap on the bare place â—o the higness of a Foot-ball and let it lye till the Sap â—escends to the Root of the Tree then cut off the Bough â—â—anting on the hither side of the Mortar next to the Tree â—nd immediately put it into good Ground the Mortar â—nd all and cover it up close Water it sometimes and â—f this be done in October it will take Root and shoot forth in the Spring and if these stand they need not â—e Grafted on but will bear good Fruit of their own You may Sow the Kernels or Nuts of Trees in Nurseries and when they come up shelter and keep them Warm and in time they will afford you good Stocks â—nd Plants either to bear of themselves or to Graft on â—hough Suckers taken from the Roots of Trees grow â—aster than these till they get a Head but above all beware that Cattle come not into your Plantations or Nurseries to destroy them You may lay young Scions in the Ground where many sprout from one Master-top when cut near the Earth and by keeping them down with Sods one end being at liberty and growing upward they will be apt â—o take Root and so you may have four or five out of one in a little time and this is called a running Plant. As for the buying of Sets ready Grafted you may mainly be deceived in them as having only anothers Word what manner of Fruit they are and so you may be at most Cost and Labour about the worst Trees besides hinders the Experience you may gain in raising and oâ—dering them to the many singular Advantages CHAP. V. Proper times for Planting and Removing with the manner of Setting the distancâ— and placing of Trees c. WHEN you have made choice of your Sets tâ—â— the Ground being ready for Transplanting thâ— next thing to be considered is the time this is mâ— Proper to be done in and this account to be soon aftâ— the Fall of the Leaf in or about the change of the Mooâ— when the Sap is most quiet for then it is about turning but upon occasion it may be done all Winter in opâ— weather and early in the Spring when the Buds are juâ— putting out though as I have said the sooner you râ—move them in Winter it is the better some indeed 〈◊〉 remove them before the Sap is at a stand or about return that is in Autumn before the Leaves are fallinâ— but this I hold not so good and were it not for the falâ— of brevity could give you here many convincing reasoâ— to the contrary In setting make the Holes sufficiently large to â—â—ceive the Roots and more that they may have nâ—thing at first to contend with but the tender Mould shake that you have dug out lightly in when the Plaâ— is conveniently placed and in the mean while let anâ—ther move the Plant that the Earth may fill into thâ— cranies and settle better about the Root so press 〈◊〉 gently down that the Plant may be well fixed and 〈◊〉 a dry Season water it which being a settlement of thâ— Earth will make it take the sooner As for the distance of Trees you must consider the nature of them as to what greatness in time they may grow how spread their Branches as the Apple-tree or aspire more upright than the Pear tree if they be such as you intend shall continually stand for if they too much drop upon one another or the Boughs are galled by fretâ—ing or
other than this 〈◊〉 much graces an Orchard but it has been known to be much Fruit some bitter some sweet according to tâ— Nature of the Tree or Graft Of the Barberry-tree THE Barberry-tree challenges a Place in an Orcharâ— amongst others by Reason of the usefulness of 〈◊〉 Fruit on sundry Occasions There are several Sorts 〈◊〉 these Trees tho' but one only common above which that to be preferred that beareth its Berries without Stone there is likewise another Sort differing from the common Kind bearing its Berries twice as big being tâ— most excellent of all others for preserving and maâ—ing Marmalade These are best planted on risâ— Banks where too much Moisture may not afflict 〈◊〉 Root Of the Gooseberry and Currant-trees OF these that grow in Orchards tho' under Trees 〈◊〉 Shrubs may well be accounted the Gooseberrâ— and currant-trees being Fruits that make excelleâ— Wine comparable to many others Of Gooseberries there are many Sorts and Colours thâ— white Holland or Dutch Gooseberry is of these the fairesâ— and the best Bearer of all others the Berries are whiâ— and transparent large smooth and round There is a Soâ— â—f green Gooseberries well tasted and deserving Commendation These Trees propagate with little Cost or â—abour and from the beginning of May to the middle of June their Berries are very useful for Tarts preserving making Sauces to be eaten raw for Concoction and creâ—ting of a good Digestion also to make Wine as I have said by clean pressing out of the Juice clarifying it and â—ottling it up with a little Loaf Sugar to feed on and â—ike out the Tartness A good Spirit may be distilled â—rom them when ripe if bruised and mix'd with Water coming very near Brandy There are a red Sort a very plentiful Bearer As for the Currants there are the white red and black These Trees are propagated with little Charge growing almost on any Ground and these with the foregoing may â—he planted in Intervals of Orchards As the red they are accounted the best for Preserving and being used in Confections moreover they produce a cool Wine being ordered as Gooseberries more pleasant to the Taste than any French Wine and held much wholesomer This as the Gooseberry may be set of slips with little Roots on rising Ground where the Sun can come at them to enlarge and ripen the Fruit The black are mostly to be used in Physical Matters Of the Rasberry-tree RAsberries claim a place in this Book for tho' it be but a Shrub it affords a delicious Fruit useful on sundry Occasions It delights in mellow Clay or loving Ground mingled with other good Earth to be set on little rising Hills or Banks in the Out-Borders of the Orchard by Ditch-sides but not in too moist Places for overmuch Wet rots the Root Of the Fig-tree THE Fig-tree grows upright of itself in Orchards and bears good Fruit as the great Blue Fig which usually comes to Ripeness and is of a delicious Taste other Sorts there are but being brought out of hot Countries and planted here the cold Weather coming on before their Fruit can well ripen they mostly cast it so that it comes to nothing The Fig may be well Grafted on the Mulberry and then it bears the pleasanter Fruit and Prospers best and when the Fruit appears weâ—â— grown Pluck off many of the shading Leafs that the Heat of the Sun coming to it it may better ripen and eat the kinder Of the Cornelian Cherry-tree and Orange-tree COrnelian Cherries much Grace an Orchard they may be set of the Stones and will grow up to Plants and Ingrafted on their own Stocks they bear a pleasanâ— Fruit and may be kept for Tarts and other Uses thâ— greater part of the Year as being much Harder and Firmer than others but not much planted but in choice Orchards and more for Pleasure than for Profit These are the principal standing or upright Trees belonging to an Orchard that grow without Support that I at presenâ— have accasion to Discourse of bringing great Advantage to the Industrious Arborist or Gardener only I shall add to them my Observation on some others termed Separate and usually called Wall-fruit or Supported-fruit as the Vine and such like who best prosper where there is a Reflection of the Sun to make the Heat the stronger and more powerful to Enliven Impregnate and Ripen such Fruit which in shady Places would come to little The Orange-trees curiously grace an Orchard but naturally growing in hot Countries are so tender that they must be planted in Pots Wickers or Wooden Troughs to be removed into the Green-house in Winter therefore when I come to speak of that I shall be larger on thiâ— excellent Tree CHAP. XXIV Wall-fruit-trees how best to Order them their Virtues c. THE Vine among these is accounted the Queen proving delicious Clusters as are not only pleasant to â—he Taste but reviving to the Spirits and healthful to the â—ody and it has been more cherished in England than at â—resent many spacious Grounds tho' now turned into Grass or Cornfields retaining yet the Name of Vineyards â—s that on the backside the Church of Camberwel in Surry â—nd many others from the Vines that have been formerâ—y Planted there tho' now totally Eradicated and no â—oubt store of Wines by well Planting Manuring Dresâ—ing and other good Management of Vines might be â—ill produced equally to that brought out of France and Germony but my purpose is now to speak of Wall-vines The Vine is best propagated by Layers of a good bearâ—ng Vine bent and layed in the Earth staked in about 4 or 5 Inches with good Mould and Turf upon it and aâ—out half a Yard rising upright which may be supportâ—d by a Stick stuck in the Ground and it will take Root which being cut short and set about the beginning of March will grow very well but ever observe to set â—hem to a Wall Pales or Houses side c. where the Morning Noon or Evening Sun or all of them may â—ave full Power for without the Influence of the Sun this Tree beareth not to any purpose bringing forth small Grapes which seldom ripen for the Season advancing â—he nipping Frosts come on them and wither them before â—hey can do it Some Eminent Gardeners allow it may â—e Grafted on the Cherry-tree or Elm of these there are many Kinds but the best Bearer in our Climate is the Parsly Vine bringing abundace of Fruit with good Maâ—agement to Perfection The Fox grape is a fair and â—rge Fruit bearing pretty well The Rhenish-grape Paris Grape and small Muscadel are pretty well suite to our Clime The Currant Grape is the earliest aâ— sweetest though they are but small Great care for the improving of the Vine must be Prune it before the Sap rises viz. in March and naâ— them up conveniently with a Slip of old Bud or soâ— Leather that the Branches may spread conveniently tâ—â— the Sun and the warm breathing of the South and Western
Wind and lay a little Horse-dung lightly abouâ— the Root in the Spring that it may soak in and fartâ— the Root which must be set out from the Wall a preâ— distance that it may have Room enough to spread iâ— without Opposition Some pluck off most of the Leaves when the Clusteâ— are well knit but this in my Opinion and Experiencâ— rather hinders than advantages their growth and soâ— Ripening for the cool Blasts are often abroad in Summer than the hot ones and they chill and hinder thâ— product so that it has been seen that the Grapes sheltered with Leaves have been kept the warmer by theiâ— sooner Ripening If the Vine stands against damp Wall 〈◊〉 the wetness perishes the Clusters that touch it or thâ— moist heatings musty them and if you see one in anâ— Cluster perished take it away lest it infect the rest There is of those Grapes that come not to such 〈◊〉 ripeness as Wine may be made of them a curious Vinegar nevertheless to be pressed from them They are also very good Sauce pickled in Water Salt and a little Vinegar boild together The same way you may also pickle Barberries Gooseberries Quinces and greeâ— Plumbs that they with a renewal of Pickle keep thâ— Year about Of the Apricot-Trees THE Apricot flourishes and thrives best against 〈◊〉 kindly Wall favoured by the heat of the Sun and of these there are several Kinds as the Musk Apricot thâ— Orange the Great Bearer the Ordinary some bring up â—pe Fruit sooner than others These Trees delight in free rich and light Soil but spreads itself much in â—ranches and therefore must be diligently pruned that â—e Fruit may grow the larger there being then more â—ourishment left in the Stock to feed them It is much â—bject to the Canker therefore to correct that Vice in â—â—e Mould dig a large Pit where you intend to Plant â—our Tree and fill it a Foot thick and within about a â—ot or eighteen Inches of the Surface with Marle Chalk 〈◊〉 white Earth then scatter over that fine Mould about â—our or five Inches thick and then Plant the Root upon it â—nd this will keep the Root from running too deep and â—ake it spread more near the Surface of the Earth so â—hat not being over-charged with the too lushious Sap it will not be subject to the Canker which is a Disease that â—estroys many of these Trees in their bearing Prime and â—his will also make it put forth fewer Branches and more â—ruit There is a way to make this a Dwarf-tree that is so â—o keep it under that it shall grow not above three Foot â—o the Wall whereby being under the Wind and receiâ—ing the reflection of the Suns heat both from the warmâ—ess of the Earth and Wall it bears earlier than others its Fruit ripens kinder and this may be done by often Pruâ—ing the main Branches and Planting as before directed this may be Grafted on the Plumb or its own Stock Of Peach-trees Nectarins Malacotoons c. THO' the Peach may properly be a Standard Tree yet it flourishes as for bearing Fruit against a kindly East South or West Wall as also the Nectarins And of these there are several Kinds as the Aberge Small Yellow Almond Violet Bourdin Belle-Chenurense Elinge-Nectarine Maudlin Mignou Morella Muskviolet Murry-Nectarine Red Roman-Nectarine Nutmeg Red and White Man-Peach Newington Perisque Rambulliâ—on Syon Oleance Savoy-Mala-cotton c. these may be Planted as the Apricot The Peach may be Grafted on the white Thorn Beech or its own Stock The Peach and Almond joyned together and Grafted on the Plumb-tree is helâ— to produce a Peach with an Almond in the Stone of it 〈◊〉 but of these Kinds the Nutmeg and Newington Peach anâ— excellent good in Taste and great Bearers especially the first which amends for the smallness of the Fruiâ— but the latter is very large and a gallant Fruit. They may also be well Inoculated on choice Plumb-stocks aâ— the white Pear plumb stock or Plants coming of Peach stones Of Plumb-trees DIvers Sorts of Plumbs they may also be Standards thrive excellently well against a Wall advantageously situated to the Suns warm Beams as the Nutmeg the Pear-plumb white and black the Pearcod the Prune De L'Isle-vert the Damask Violet Dale-plumb the Câ—tharine c. These must be pruned as the former anâ— in the Spring the Roots lay'd open and well dug abouâ— and a little Horse-dung lay'd on the Earth when thâ— Roots are covered again which the Rain soaking in wilâ— much cherish and enliven the Roots These Trees must be grafted or Inoculated on Plumb-stocks the white Pear-plumb stocks are accounted the best and the Damsin-stocks the worst as being dry Stocks so that the Graft cannot take nor thrive upon them Those Stocks of Plumbs that have large Leafs and full Shoots I account the best Of the Fig-tree THE Fig is both a Standard and a Wall-tree prospering best on the latter and of these there are several other Kinds as Wall fruit than what I have named in the Standards and of all these the Scio White and Purple Dwarf Blue Yellow Dwarf you must set the Roots pretty deep and spreading in a light fertile Mould and kept under from spreading too much by often pruâ—ing and nailing close to the Wall This Tree may be well Grafted on the Mulberry-stocks but it must not be planted against House Walls where droppings of Rain fall much on the Root that will soon rot and destroy it Of the Currant Tree as Wall-Fruit CUrrant-trees tho' they are properly Standards may be planted against a Wall which will encrease their Fruit in Largeness if they are nailed up and well pruned when the Branches grow Luxuriant There are yet other Mural-trees as the Lore-tree the Virginia Plumb and the Cornel-tree that bear Fruit kindly and may be Planted in good-mellow Ground setting the Roots some distance from the Wall that the hardness of its Foundation may not oppose the growing of them and in dry Seasons they must be watered early in the Morning or when the Earth is cool after the Sun's being down with thick soily Water and now tho' there may be some other Kinds of Fruits yet not common easy to be had or to bring to Perfection I think I have given a sufficient choice of Standard and Wall-Fruit and enough I am sure to furnish and beautify any Orchard and bring it to vast Improvement with good Management in a short Time however I shall proceed to other Matters useful to be known and materially relating to the well Ordering of Orchards c. CHAP. XXV The well Ordering and right Dressing of Fruit-Trees for their better thriving THE Skilful dressing and pruning Fruit-trees is one main matter to keep 'em from sundry ill Conveniencies and disorders they would be otherwise subject 〈◊〉 and to preserve them in a good Growth and to brâ— forth a good Fruit better and more seasonably and thâ— consists in Pruning or cutting away the superfluoâ— Boughs
with some of last Months-pears Apples Pear-apple Pearmain Parsly-apple Bellâ— bonne Honey-meal Apis-lording William-costard c. Bullies and many of the last Months Plumbs Piâ— Grapes Arbutus c. Sagitarius â™ or the Shooter NOVEMBER NOW get your Compost in readiness in your Orchaâ—â— to secure the Roots of tender plants from the Coâ—â— continue planting and setting Trees observe in Transplaâ—ting how your Tree stood before and place it to thâ— same Quarter and about the same Depth fixing it wâ—â— against the Violence of the Wind especially West anâ— South set wet and sow dry plant young Trees eitheâ— Wall or Standards provide in Nurseries stocks to graâ— on the ensuing Year and get new stocks in a readinâ— for all sorts of Fruits for standards Crab-stocks â— for Dwarf-trees the stock of Paradise or sweet-appâ—â— Kernels which may be obtained from suckers and Layers Dwarfs on the Portugal Quince suckers Pears o◠〈◊〉 Kernel-stock of Pears or Suckers Standard-cherries the Black-cherry-stone-stock Dwarfs for Palisadoes or â—â—s c. on the Black-heart or Morello-stock or the 〈◊〉 early Bitter Cherry-stock Inoculate peaches on 〈◊〉 plumb-stock or their own In budding on the Alâ—â—d it is proper to do it on a stock that has not been â—oved and it is proper it should keep its Situation â—ft Nectarines on pear-plumb or peach-stocks plumbs their stocks and of those kinds the black and white 〈◊〉 plumb-stocks are to be preferred and those growâ— from Damsen-stones or such as may be advantagiously â—hered from the Suckers And about the Middle of 〈◊〉 Month shut up your choice Trees and enclose tender â—â—ts that so you may not be oppressed with the vioâ—â— cold of the Winter to over-power their heat and deâ—â— them and if they become very dry and it be not â—â—ezing Weather refresh them moderately with Water â—rein Cow or Sheeps-dung is dissolved but give them â—â—t too much nor make it over-rich with Dung for both â—ese are injurious especially to Orange-trees As for the â—oes they require no watering in the Winter but only freshing abroad in Fair-day how dry so ever their 〈◊〉 or Cases may appear to be To know if your housed â—ees want Water is by the Leaves shrinking or shrivelâ—â— up especially those underneath and the Paleness or 〈◊〉 Leaves show they have had too much which lies sapâ—ng at the Root and endangers destroying them This Month you may plant Forest-trees for the graâ—â—g your Walks or Avenues Sow stony Seeds sweep â—â—d cleanse your Walks and Alleys of Leaves c. and â—nsplant Trees that are durable against cold taking up 〈◊〉 much of the Earth they grow in with the Root as you 〈◊〉 and immediately set them in a soft Earth that may â—â—ntinue moist till the Rain descends to settle it Fruit in Season Prime and still remaining sound Pears The Dead-mans-pear Bergomont Lord-pear â—essire Jean Burnt-cat Wardon Lady-pear Sugar-pear â—â—e-pear Dove-pear Winter-bergomont Bell-pear Apples Pear Apple Belle-Bon the William the Suâ—mer Pearmain the Lord-Apple the Winter Chesnut thâ— Short Start the Russet Pippin the Puffin the Cole Appâ— the Pippin the Pomwater the Golding the John Apple Services Bullis Medlars Arbutus Wall-nuts Small-nuts and the like Capricorn ♑ or the Goat DECEMBER THIS Month properly Vines may be Planted pruâ— and fasten Wall-Fruit thin the over-spreadinâ— Branches of Standard tho' you may spare them till â—â—bruary prepare good Stocks for Grafting sow Pomaâ— of the Cyder-pressings to raise Nurseries you may 〈◊〉 any Sorts of Stones or Kernels refresh your Autuâ— Fruit lest it Taint Seed your weak Stocks open thâ— Windows of your Fruit-lofts in a fair Day This whole Month you may continue to Trench thâ— Ground and dung it preparing thereby for Borders 〈◊〉 set Palisado'd or Wall-Fruit Trees In this Month or you may defer it till January 〈◊〉 off or prune well the Vine-shoots to the Root only sâ—â— two or three of the best Shoots with three or four Eyâ— of young Wood Set up Traps to destroy Vermin thâ—â— they destroy not your Nursery Seed or the Roots 〈◊〉 your tender Plants Keep close the Doors and Windows of your Conseâ—vatory so matted that the Piercing Air cannot enter 〈◊〉 injure your choice Greens and if the Weather be â—â—tream you must have a Stove or Charcoal Fire in it iâ— the manner as shall be directed hereafter but not frequently use it any more than Necessity requires Take Bay-berries that are dropping ripe and set them cover warm the Pipes and Cocks of your Fountains if yoâ— â—e any in your Grounds with much soiled Horse-lit-lest they are flawed and cracked by the Violence of 〈◊〉 Frost and put you to much Charge for want of â—nely care to prevent it Fruit in Season Prime and still remaining sound Pears The Spindle pear the Squib-pear the Stopleâ—â—ar white and red the French-warden the Dionery the 〈◊〉 Virgin Gascoin Bargamont the Deadmans-pear the â—rlet-pear the Rowling pear Apples The Russeting Leather-coat Winter Red Catsâ—â—ad Chesnut-apple Great-belly Pippin Pearmain c. â—â—e best and safest way to gather Summer and Winter Fruit of keeping and how to order them for that purpose â—F you design to keep Cherries for sundry uses especially in preserving great Care must be taken in Gaâ—â—ing of them To do this it is most proper to have a Ladder with Bearer or Crutch of light Timber that it may stand it were of itself without pressing on the Boughs to danger their breaking or the bruising of the Fruit â—â—ich may conveniently be removed to all Parts Gaâ—â—â— by the Stalk without squeezing the Cherry with 〈◊〉 part of your Hand and put them gently into your â—â—erry-pot or Basket hanging by a Hook on some conâ—ient Bough well within your reach taking care to â—â—eak no Stalk but what the ripe Fruit hangs on lay â—â—em gently in and pour them gently into your Reâ—er below with as much ease as you can This kind of Fruit is best carried in broad Baskets like â—ves with a smooth yielding Bottom if you carry them Water let not the Sieves be full lest setting one upon â—her you bruise and spoil them but if it in Carts or Horse-back well line the Bottom or Sides of the Sieâ— with Ferr or such other cold Vegitables to keep thâ— from bruising and likewise to prevent their sweating To gather and order other Stone-fruit WHEN you are to gather Nectarines Apricoâ— Peaches Damsens Pear-plumbs Bullis and 〈◊〉 like of several Kinds and they seem not to be ripe once on one Tree stay not for all of them at once 〈◊〉 cull out those that are and wait for the Ripening of 〈◊〉 rest unless you perceive they have received their Substance and the Trees can properly yield them more then in a fair Day when the Sun sucketh up Dew set up your Ladder as before and gather the with a tender Hand without Squeezing or Bruisinâ— place in your Basket or broad Pannier Nettles and them in gently and so let them stand covered on Top with Nettles also and this Weed
Savoys Lettice c. to order and improveâ— BEans are proper to the Kitchen-Garden Set thâ— in distant Rows in the utmost Parts of it witâ— setting Stick They thrive best in a rich stiff Land 〈◊〉 are to be put in to make them forward and large abâ— 5 or 6 Inches in the Ground between St. Andrew's-Dâ— and Christmas observing to do it at the Wane of 〈◊〉 Moon especially in an open Winter but if the 〈◊〉 comes hard after your Beans are spired it will go neâ— destroy them or stint their Growth when come up 〈◊〉 therefore if you apprehend this Danger you may deâ— your setting till Candlemas Set them at an equall â—stance one from another by a Line that they may 〈◊〉 room to grow up without encumbering each other 〈◊〉 the Air pass more freely between them as also the Sâ— warm Beams to mature them Range them for a beâ— conveniency of the Sun from South or North and betwâ— the Ranges for the better improvement of the Grouâ— you may sow Carrots Lettice Beats or the like To make Beans grow well if you sow them in 〈◊〉 Spring steep them in Water wherein Cow-dung and 〈◊〉 Dregs of Oyl have been well mixed When they first 〈◊〉 hoe the Earth or refresh the tender Stalks and cut the Weeds that incumber them when they have poddâ— cut off the Tops which will make an excellent Dish bâ—ed and buttered besides the Pods and Beans will 〈◊〉 the larger having the more Juice to nourish them froâ— the Root Stripe not off those that are first Ripe 〈◊〉 that wounds the Stalks and hinders the Growth of othâ— Pods but rather cut them off with a Knife Garden Pease for forwardness largeness and sweâ—ness above those of the Field are in great Esteem aâ—â— of these there are several Sorts that may be sown or sâ— some for Earliness others for Largeness and Pleasaâ—ness of Taste others for their Lateness when the us◠〈◊〉 is out of Season The Hotspur's become the soonest 〈◊〉 of all others from their Time of sowing To these â—ceed the large white Pease after them the large â—e Hastings and after them the large Rounceval â—en later than these comes those called from their â—eetness Sugar-Pease which in their Pods are much â—wered by the Birds and therefore must as much as 〈◊〉 be kept from them As for the Ground these best thrive in if you would â—e them large it must be a rich Mould but they will â—e more tender and sweet in a warm ordinary Soil As for those you design early sow them the latter end September or beginning of October that so before the â—st takes them they may get good Sprouting and some â—d and if the Slugs or white Snales come upon them â—ter Lime on the Rills and it will both destroy them keep the Roots warm from the Frost 〈◊〉 you would have a latter Crop of Pease sow them â—le before Midsummer-tide after a Shower is fallen or â—e Earth be moist with the Descending of the Dews Lay â—m deeper than the former in your Rills that the Sun â—ay not too much make away the Moisture of the Earth â—rom them When they come up draw the Earth to â—em with a Hoe and keep the Alleys free from Weeds â—d so do twice or thrice till they have got a Head and â—vercome the Weeds and thus they will come to Perfeâ—ion and be fit for the Table in September As for Rounâ—vals you may set them with a Stick as you do Beans â—d if you would have them grow high crop off the â—ops which will make an excellent boil'd Sallet and set the Bushes or Sticks in the Rows or Intervails that their â—ines may take hold on and the easier raise the weight â—f the Hawn from the Ground that the Sun may ripen â—e Pods the better and bring the Pease to a larger and â—er Perfection than otherwise lying on the Ground â—y would be French or Kidneys-Beans are very necesâ—â—ry for furnishing out the Kitchen-Garden with wholeâ—ome Food in the proper Season These are to be set in a mellow Ground set them with Setting-sticks as othâ— Beans and when they spring up set Wands with Sâ— or Branches to twist about that they may rise and spreâ— more to the Sun for ripening the Pods if when theâ— grow up in Summer the Weather be very dry waâ— them or the Stalks will pine for want of Moisture aâ— not produce the desired Effect The Snails are great aâ—noyers of these Beans and therefore whilst they are â—der they must be looked well after and cleared of em Artichoakes are greatly in esteem for their good Tasâ— pleasant Nourishment and their lasting a long Season 〈◊〉 there is difficulty requir'd in raising bringing 'em to bâ— a full Largeness but briefly take the following Directioâ— Prepare the Ground very well you intend to raise thâ— Plants in mix it very deep with good mellow Duâ— trench it well and raise a little laying it pretty lightâ— then for Plants take the slips that grow by the sides 〈◊〉 the Roots of the old Stubs which plant about the begiâ—ning of April or sooner if the great Frosts are over Aâ— you must take care to Water them till they are firmly Rooted when kindly Rains fall and the Season be verâ— dry plant them about four Foot asunder if in a Riâ— Ground that they may spread and their Heads be thâ— larger But if you expect not large ones by reason thâ— Soil will not produce them you may plant them nearer To preserve the Root for sending up new Shouls wheâ— the Fruit is cut leave the Stalks about 4 Inches froâ— the Ground raise the Earth lightly about them to keeâ— them warm in the Winter and afterward covering theâ— with Litter Straw or long Dung yet not too close to mouldy or rot them and when the Winter is past uncover them by little and little at three different times with about four Days Interval between lest the Air coming too suddenly to them injure them being as yet tender This done dress dig about them and trim them verâ— well taking of the small slips to transplant not leavinâ— above three of the strongest and most likely thriving to thâ— Foot of each Root for Bearers and supply the Roots aâ— deep as conveniently as you can with good fat Mould Every fifth Year it is proper to renew the whole Planâ—on because too long standing in one Place impoveâ—es the Earth that it produces but small Choaks yet 〈◊〉 good deep mellow Ground you may permit them to â—ntinue if you see fit till eight Years or longer Asparagus makes another dainty Dish and is highly â—ecessary to be planted in the Kitchen Garden This is â—ised of Seed requiring a good fat Soil and two Years â—owth may be transplanted into Beds These Beds must be well prepared with Dung first â—ging about two Foot deep and four Foot wide made â—el at the Bottom and so with some of the Mould 〈◊〉 goodrotten Dung and fill them up considering
or when they are somewhat grown and the Sun will hâ— more force upon them to make them grow up and ripeâ— and this will do well where the Ground is over moist 〈◊〉 that Things affecting Moisture may be set low and Thiâ— of a drier bearance higher In February or earlier you may make a hot Bed 〈◊〉 Cucumbers Mellons Radishes Colliflowers c. in 〈◊〉 warmest Place of your Ground desended from Winds 〈◊〉 much may by Pails Walls or Reed-fences about six 〈◊〉 seven Foot high of such a distance or capacity as the â—ccasion requires then you must raise your Bed about two or three Foot high and about three or four over of new â—ogs dung or at least not above six eight or ten Days old reading it very hard down on the Top and the better 〈◊〉 keep up the sides if there be occasion place Boards â—y fine rich Mould about three or four Inches thick and when the extream ferment or heat of the Beds is over which you may perceive at the end of five or six Days by â—rusting in your Find then set out or sow your Seeds 〈◊〉 the Magnitude or Nature of them requires This done erect some little forked Sticks four or five â—ches above the Bed that may support the Frame of â—icks which must be laid over and then cover'd with â—raw defend the Plants or Seeds from the Wet or Cold only in a warm Day you may open your Covering 〈◊〉 Hour before and after Noon and when they shoot still earth them up to keep the lower part warm and when they are pretty well grown and the Season enables them to bear the Weather you may transplant them Watering the proper Time and what Plants Herbs c. most require it and in what Seasons WAtering is one Thing exceeding necessary and some Plants require it much more than others or especially in dry Seasons they would be burnt up they must be mended with Water on their first Removal at whatsoever Season it be and therefore not to be neglected though early in the Spring yet be cautious in Watering the Leafs of the young and tender Plants rather confine it to the Earth about the Root lest the Heat mildew and injure them When the Plants or Seeds are more hardy yet you find the Nights very cold water in the Forenoon but when the Nights are warm and the Weather Warm let it be done in the Evening after Sun-set you may mâ— your Water with a little fine Mould to take away thâ— Harshness of it if it be Spring-water or be drawn froâ— some cold Pit or Well let it stand in the Sun in Tubs 〈◊〉 heat and air well but Pond or River-water is more soâ— and natural to Plants or Herbs and the better to atteâ— it and render it more acceptable you may infuse in it Heâ— dung Pidgeons or Sheeps dung and it will better even your Plants For Plants that are or are to be laâ— Cabbages Colliflowers Artichoaks c. you may 〈◊〉 the Ground sink a little like the Indenting of an Oystâ— shell that the Winter may the more direct press to 〈◊〉 Root yet Excess of Watering is dangerous for oâ— abundance will be apt to wash the Vigitive fertile Sâ— out of the Ground about the Root of the Plant and iâ— poverish it And you had better water seldom and do it thoroughly well than often and do it scanty for if the Waâ— comes not to the Bottom of the Root that the Fibrâ— may suck Moisture it little avails If the Season or Ground be very dry when you sâ— Seeds sow them somewhat deeper but water them 〈◊〉 till they have been in the Ground several Days and 〈◊〉 is well settled about them When you transplant water the Plant in Setting 〈◊〉 not superabundantly lest it chill the Root or Ground toâ— much Observe that the Water run not into Puddles but 〈◊〉 well and equally distributed with a Watering-pot 〈◊〉 other Vessel that has a Sievy Nose and by that Meâ— it will be sprinkled softly not for sorcing upon thâ— Earth but delating and gradually sinking into it to râ—fresh the Plants c. The several Sorts of Strawberries the Manner of Settiâ— Transplanting and Improving them STrawberries are very material to be produced fâ— the furnishing out of Banquets and many othâ— Things and of these there are divers Sorts worthy of a â—ardener's Care The great sort thrive excellent well in new broken â—eds or in such Places as they have not before grown â—specially on the Sides of mellow Banks where the Force â—f the Sun is convenient to nourish them As for the ordinary red ones you may furnish yourâ—elf with store of their Roots in new fallen Copsis or in â—nding Woods where Vacancies or Avenues lie open to â—e Sun The ordinary red and white Strawberries may be eiâ—er planted in Beds or the Sides of Banks as your â—arden gives most conveniency and will hold there for 〈◊〉 long Time but the large ones must be kept stringed â—nd removed every two or three Years and they require not so much the Sun-beams as the other they deâ—ight much in a sandy soil and the best Plants are such as come of the strings if well planted and ordered There are a sort of green Strawberries tho' not of common use and but in few Places to be found and â—hey lie on the Ground under the slender and tall Leaves â—ery green in Colour and sweet in Taste There is yet another sort a very excellent scarlet Coâ—our such as they call New England and there abound 〈◊〉 great Plenty but here they will grow well as has â—een proved in divers curious Gardens delighting in a mellow fat soil somewhat sandy To preserve these several sorts over the Winter that â—ay come earlier and prove better cover them from â—he Frosts with a little Straw Peashawm or such like â—elter and if you would have Strawberries in Autumn 〈◊〉 away the first Blossoms and being hindered blowing 〈◊〉 the Spring they will blow anew much later and bear â—n the latter Season To make Strawberries very large when they have 〈◊〉 one bearing cut them to the Ground keep their spires â—own strew Cow-dung or Pidgeon-dung on them and waâ—er them after it THE Gardener's Almanack OR Things proper to be done iâ— the Kitchen-Garden in the several Months of the Year Aquarius â™’ or the Skinker JANUARY What is required to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. THIS Month prepare Dung for your Garden anâ— the Dung of Pidgeons or Poultry is excellent 〈◊〉 Asparagus and Strawberries c. when it has passed thâ— first Heat Dress your sweet-herb Beds rather every second Yeaâ— with new Mould then Dung or over-strong or rank Soiâ—dig Borders set Beans and Pease sow if you think coâ—venient for early Colliflowers sow Lettice Radisheâ— Charvil and other more curious Salleting and if yâ—â— see it convenient raise your hot Beds Set up Traps for Vermin among bulkous Roots that will now be in Danger Pisces ♓ or
the Fishes FEBRUARY Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THIS Month sow Beans Pease Rouncevals Marigolds Corn Salleting Radishes Parsnips Anniseeds Garlick Onions Carrots Plant forth your Cabbages also Potatoes which may be set in some Corner in the worst of your Ground sow Parsley Spinage and hardy Potherbs that will endure the Weather Still plant Colliflowers to have them early make a beginning of your hot Beds for choice Plants as Cucumbers Mellons to be sowed in the Full of the Moon but rely not altogether on them Sow Asparagus c. Things of the last Month are yet in Season and indeed most Winter Roots and Plants continue the Winter-months except spoiled by excessive Rains melting of Snow-water or violent Extremity of Frosts which however rarely fall out in all Gardens and may be prevented Aries ♈ or the Ram. MARCH Things necessary to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. THIS Month dung and trench well your Ground where it is required and it is the most proper and chiefest season for raising hot Beds for Gourds Mellons Cucumbers c. which about the sixth eighth or tenth Day will be in a good liking to receive the Seeds prick them forth at a distance according to a true Method If you design them later ten or twelve Days after the first begin again and proceed to the like a third Time ever remembring to keep your hot Beds as much as may be from showers the Dropping of Trees or Eaves of Houses for if the Heat be too violent you may easily cool them but not ad◠Heat when once spent without new making up again Slip and set Lavender Sage Thyme Rosemary and other lasting Herbs Shrubs c. Sow in the beginnning of this Month Endive Leeks Radish Succory Peets Chard Beet Parsnips Skerrers the latter in fresh Earth that is rich and mellow when pretty moist place but one Root in a Hole keeping a Foot distance between them You may now sow Sorrel Parsley Bugloss Charvil Borage Sallery Small-age Alexander c. and several of these will continue many Years without renewing and most of them may be blanched by earthing up and laying on Litter over them Sow like Onions Garlick Orach Purslain Turnips to have early Monthly Pease c. Transplant Beer-Ghard sowed in August and the Chards will be very large Sow Cresses Fennel Marjorum Carrots Cabbages Basil c. But whatever of these sorts you plant or sow be not very hasty in Watering them nor too much by reason it will close and harden the Ground therefore in Watering do it not with too great a stream but rather labour to imitate the Fall of moderate showers About the middle of this Month dress up and string the Strawberry-beds uncover Asparagus loosning and spreading the Mould about them the better to give them ease in penetrating And now you may transplant their Roots to furnish new Beds Stake and bind up your weakest Herbs and Plants against the Violence of Winds that usually happen in this Month. Sow Lapins and such seeds as the spring requires to bring forward and keep all Weeds down as low as may be see to the Repairing the Banks or Borders in Alleys or Walks and secure your seeds newly sown from Birds or Insects Taurus ♉ or the Bull. APRIL Things necessary to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. THis Month about the beginning sow sweet Marjorum Hysop Thyme Scurvy Grass Basil Winter-savory and indeed all tender seeds that are desirous of hot Beds All sweet Herbs require to be stirred up and new moulded that they may then well take fresh Root Sow Purslane Colliflowers Lettice Radish and the like You may sow Carrots and Radish together in one Bed but so that one may be drawn before the other is much advanced also Lettice Purslane Parsnip and Carrots on the Ground where the Plat is small then you must consider to take each in its proper Season so that one may not incumber the other tho' it wou'd be more advantageous to change the Ground for Parsnips and Carrots now and then Plant Artichoak slips sow Turnips to have them early and set French-beans As yet you may slip Lavender Sage Penniroyal Rosemary c. and the more you clip them the better they will thrive and continue the longer without Transplanting especially Sage so served in Spring and Autumn To have very good Salleting all the Year plant Purslane Lettice Radish c. in Summer on very rich Ground and in Winter and Spring in hot Beds well covered and as soon as their Leaves open to the breadth of your Thumb-nail draw them up by the Roots and so continue sowing them Monthly About the middle of the Month you may make a Beginning to plant forth Mellons also Cucumbers and this you may continue to the end of the Month. After a warm spring or summer showers look for Snails and Worms and as well as may be clear your Garden of them Set Lupins carpet Walks and ply Weeding and speedily take way hoe or pull up lest the Weeds c. take Root again and prove injurious to the Ground for by the Cleanness of a Garden from Weeds and all such like destructive Incumbrances not only the Industry and Proficiency of the Gardener is proved even to such as make but Visits but also great Commodities arise thereby for a Garden once well cleared in the Spring saves much Labour in Summer Gemini ♊ or the Twins MAY Things proper to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this month THis Month sow Marjorum Thyme and other hot and Aromatick-herbs and such as are the most tender Sow Purslane Lettice to have them large-sized and cabbaged painted Beans c. Now take care of your Mellons and towards the end of this Month give over to cover them any longer on Ridges with Mattrasses or straw c. continue Weeding and suffer not any to remain and run to seed that by the scattering of it the Garden may be the more incumbered to your Prejudice and Labour that might have been saved at once You may also now sift fine cooling Mould about the Boots of your hot Plants and Herbs which will greatly refresh them but so that it may not be strewed on the Leaves to hinder their growth by soiling them when showers fall or in your Watering As for Watering as I have said do it at the Root some distance that it may leisurely soak in round about to the Fibres c. Cancer ♋ or the Crab. JUNE Things to be done in the Kitchen-Garden this Month. SOw Charvil Radish Lettice and the like and oth◠Things for young and tender Salleting Gath◠such sweet-herbs as you intend to dry and keep for you several uses which may be done for the whole Year by laying them not too thin but upon moderate heaps which you may move and turn till they are tollerable dry but not Brittle and this is to be done with as much Expedition as may be and for their
and so being thinned they 〈◊〉 produce the fairer Flowers Protect your Ranunculas Pennash Tulips Auriâ—las Anemonies from storms of violent Rain Hail 〈◊〉 the too scarching Beams of the Sun by covering theâ— with Mats supported with Hoops or bent Wands Crâ—â—â—ewise Bring forth your choice and tender Shrubs in a faiâ— Day but the Orange-trees may be continued housed 〈◊〉 the next Month and when you water them let it be doâ— with Rain or Pond-water luke-warm but not too much at a time Flowers blowing or continuing RAnunculas of Tripoly white Violets Anemonies Auricula Ursi Caprisolum Crown Imperialâ— Caprisolum Gentianella Deus Caninus Bell-flowerâ— Tritillaria Double Hepticas Starry Jacinth Florenceiris Double Dasies white and tufted Double Narcissâ— Chamae-Iris Cowslips Primroses Pulsatilla Ladies smock Tulips Medias Radix Cava Geranium Peritaria Lurea Caltha Palustries Persian Lillies Laâ—rea Caltha Palustries Persian Lillies Lucoicum Pâ—onies Muscaria Reversed Double Jonquills Persiaâ— Jessamine Acanthus and some others Gemini ♊ or the Twins MAY â—â—ings proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month â—Hade your Carnations and Gilliflowers about this Season when the Sun has passed the Meridian and at the Full Moon plant in Beds your Stock-gilliflowers tranâ—nt forth Aramanthus and water Ranunculus so Anmum or set it gather such Anemony-seeds as you 〈◊〉 to be ripe and preserve it for a new supply keep it 〈◊〉 dry to preserve it from moulding or mustying cut stalks of those Bulbous Flowers that you find dry About the latter End of this Month take such Tulips as â—r-stalks are dried covering the Roots you find bare prevent their being scorched by the heat of the Sun or â—hed up with sudden Showers and if any of these Roots 〈◊〉 take up be Cankered the best remedy is speedily to â—ry them in fresh Mould Flowers blowing or continuing c. RAnuncula's of all Kinds the latter set Anemonies Anapodophylon Chema-iris Blattaria Cirisus â—ranthes Heleborine Cyclamen Augustisoi Cyanus â—ellow Lillies Aspodel Froxinella Cullumbines Buâ—ns-iris Digitalis Grranum Horminum Caiticum Glaâ—us Double Cotyleden Caltha Plaustris Tulips of vaâ—s sorts and Colours Jacca Lychnis Double Bellis â—hite and red Millefolium Luteum Phalangium Orcliis â—panish Pinks Lillium Convallium Rosa common Guilder Cinamon and Centifol c. Cherrybay Oleaster Tâ—chellium Hisperis Cowslips Anterrhinum Sedums Sâ—ringa's Veronica single and double Musk Violets Valerian stock Gilliflowers Ladies-slipper Chalcedom Star-flowers Ordinary Crowfoot Red Martagom Campanellas white and blue Bugloss Homer's Maly Persian Lillies Bee-flower Purple Thalictrum Pansis Lucoium Bulbosum Secotinum Sysimbrium singlâ— and double Sambucus Peonies Sea Narcissus and somâ— others Cancer ♋ or the Crab. JUNE Things to be done in the Flower-Garden this Month. THis Month gather such ripe Flower-seeds as are valuable and proper to be saved as Narcissus Aâ—runculas Oriental Jacinth c. preserving them dry a shade your Carnations from the Afternoon's Sun transplant Autumnal Cyclamen you design to change for a place more advantageous take up Iris Chalcedon Now you may make a beginning to lay Gilliflowers also take up the best Sort of Ranunculas and Anemonies after moderate showers of Rain the stalks dry and withered and the roots in a good Temper Take up the Bulbs of Tulips cover those presently that lie naked on the Beds or transplant them to a cooler soil water dry or parched Beds as also the pots of Japan Narcissus prevent some Scabious from running to seed which now may be done by removing them and so the following Year they will produce very good Flowers Take up the Roots of such Flowers and plants as will endure not to be out of the Ground and immediately â—plant them in fresh soil as Oriental Jacinth Cyâ—men Frittilania Iris-crown Imperial Deus Caniâ— Muscaris Bulbous Jacinths c. Flowers blowing or continuing c. DOuble Poppies Phalangium Allobrogicum Amazanthus Asphodell Hedisarum Giadiolus Claâ—antis Panonica Blataria Millafolium yellow and â—ite Martagon Red and white Gentian Helebore Niâ—lla Astrea Atticus Bulbous-iris Hedisarum early â—rk-heel Genistia of Spain Pinks Orinthgalum Mount â—lies white and red with some others Leo ♌ or the Lyon JULY â—ings proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this Month. â—â—ip stocks the beginning of this Month with other Lignous plants and flowers lay Carnations and Gilâ—owers not suffering to remain above two or three spinâ—s for the Flowers Take away the superfluous Buds â—port those that remain with stays against the Wind â—stroy Earwigs and other Insects that annoy them Layers in a good light loamy Earth will take Root six Weeks set as many of them as may conveniently one pot to save room in Winter let not too much â—et come at them if it prove too wet lay the pots â—e-ways and shade those that blow from the Heat of â—e Sun in the Afternoons Take up early Cyclamen Bulbs and Tulips which you may immediately plant or if Conveniency permiâ— not you may do it any time within a Month after trim them and cut off the Fibres spreading in an early Place very dry but do not separate the off-sets of Tulips and the like till the principal Bulbs be fully dry Gather seeded Tulips and permit the seeds to continue in the Pods also the seed of early Cyclamen and immediately sow it pots or cases Remove Crocus that are seedlings of the last Septemâ—ber giving them wide Intervails till they come to Peâ—fection Take up some sorts of Aurunculas Persian-iris Crâ—cus Crown Imperial Frettillaria and Colchicums plaâ— the Iris and the two last as soon as you have taken theâ— up if you have conveniency else in August or September may do tollerably well or you may defer their taking up till then and replant Colchicums remove Deuâ— Canius c. Sift your Beds from the Off-sets of Tulips toward the latter end of this Month also for Bulbous-roots Ranunculas Anemonies and the like which will preparâ— them for setting or plunging such Things as are in youâ— Pots and require to be set in the naked Earth till thâ— next Season some sort of Anemonies may now be soweâ— in Ground that is temperately moist cut away the withered stalks that incumber the roots of your Flowers covering the bared Roots with fresh Earth To destroâ— Worms and other Insects strew Pot ashes on your Grass plat and Carpet-walks and to the same end water youâ— Gravel-walks with Water wherein Tobacco-stalks havâ— been boiled Flowers blowing this Month or continuing ASpodes Amaranthus Phalangium Delphium Veronicâ— Odoriferous and Purple Sultan Connalnusus Volabilis Thlapse Criticum Geranius Triste Fraxenela Hedisaurum Corn-flower Alkengi Double and White Jacca Scorpion Grass Monthly Rose Jacinths and some others Virgo â™ or the Virgin-Sign AUGUST Things proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month THis Month take up Bulbous Iris sow the Seeds of them as also of Collumbines Candy-Tufts â—ark-heels Holyocks Iron-coloured Fox Gloves and other Plants that have strength to endure the approachâ—ng season Plant some Anemony-roots for Winter flowers take â—o the last Years seedlings
transplant them for Bearers also Autumnal Crocus Deus Caninus and Colchiniâ—m's Sow-Oriental Jacinths Narcissus and replant such â—oots as will not well abide out of the Earth as Higaâ—nths Deus Caninus Lillies Martagon Fretarilla c. 〈◊〉 As yet you may slip Gilliflowers and take up Bulbous-â—oots As your Alaternus seed grows black and ripe â—ather it daily spread it to swear and put it up dry â—or use water Balsamin-faem and other seeds that you and ripe may now be gathered especially from Shrubs About the middle of this Month divide the large old Roots of Auricula's and transplant them in a light moist Earth Loamy or Sandy yet fertile and in the shade you may now likewise sow the seed of them also Anemony-seed toward the latter end of this Month. That of Raâ—â—nculas c. place them in light Mould in Cases modeâ—ately covered with Earth frequently refresh them and â—tep them in the shade Likewise Hepatica Iris Fraxeâ—ella Jacinths Cyclamen Primroses Tulips Martagon Pretillaria and the like tho' some of these from the Seed Flower not in four or five Years as the Tulip unless set so shallow that it cannot sink deep into the Ground however take care not to disturb their Beds weed them well and shade them till the great Heats are past lest too much Dryness spoil the seed but as for Primroses and Hepatica there need not be so much care taken of them Flowers blowing this Month or lasting c. ANagasis Nigella Luchnis yellow Millefolium Lucoion monthly Rose Thalpsi Creticum Cyclamen Vernum yellow Mountain Hearts ease Colchicum Autumnal Hyacinth Starworth Holiocks Elicclerioson Eringium planum French Marigolds Dasies Pansies Lark-heels Catchbly Lobells and some other Libra ♎ or the Ballance SEPTEMBER Things proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month THis Month plant a few of the various sorts of Anemonies to be the earlier in naturally rich or improved Earth particularly the Latifol do it when the first Rains are over And now very properly you may sow Auricula-seeds placing the Cases in the Sun till April following You may also plant some Tulips Colchicum Daffodils c. Likewise Fiberous plants such as Primroses Violets Matricaria Capillaries Commomile Helebore Heptica and the like also transplant Cyclamen and Chalcedon If you think fit you may now sow Phillerea Alaternus or you may do it in the Spring Likewise Tulips â—tagons Delphinium Nigella Poppey Candy Tufts own Imperial and all Annuals that are not impaired the Frost in General So the seeds of Primroses and transplant seedlings â—gitalis and early this Month plant Lychnis-slips â—d your Tuberoses from the wet in this Season and serve the Roots out of the Rots in Sand or wrapped in paper place them in dry Boxes near the Chimney Fasten Autumnal-flowers and plants to sticks that may â—ure them from breaking in violent Winds Take off Gilliflowers Layers with Earth and place â—em in shaded Borders or pots You may now raise â—ocus of seeds and such Flowers or plants as will not â—osper if housed set in pots in the Ground three or 〈◊〉 Inches lower than the surface of Beds you plunge â—m in expose them as much as may be to the South â—ath them with Glass-bells but in warm showers or â—en the Sun shines pretty warm you may uncover â—em and give them Air and so you may preserve the â—ost precious Flowers as Cistus Marum-syriacum â—os-cardinals Geranium Nocteolens Seedlings Arbuâ— Accacia Aegyptica Anemonies Ranuncula's c. and 〈◊〉 order them till April Guard you Marum-syriacum with Furzes or Bushes from the Cats for if they come 〈◊〉 it they will eat and destroy it Flowers blowing this Month or continuing c. ANagalis of Portugal Armaranthus Clamatis Autumnal Cyclamen Lynaria Cretica Limonium Indian â—illies Narcissus Chrysanthemum Stock-gilliflowers â—n flowers Spinosum Indicum Persian Autumnal â—arcissus Pomum Aurium Amoris Nasturtium Indiâ—n Gentianella Anual Tuberas Indian Jacinths yelâ—w Millefolium Virginian Phalangium and some oâ—hers Scorpio â™ or the Scorpion OCTOBER Things proper to be done in the Floweâ—Garden this month THis Month House Turbofe Narcissus and keep 〈◊〉 dry till April sow seeds as in September as yeâ— plant Anemonies particularly the Tenuifolio's in fresâ— sandy-sandy-Earth likewise set Ranuncula's taken from undeâ— the Turff but let the Bottom of the Bed be rich Mould so that the Fibres of the Root may reach it but not the main Roots which only cover with Natural Earth abouâ— two Inches deep and preserve them from the Frost with straw or Mats but in the warm Times of the Daâ— give them the free Air. Now plant Vernal Crocus and Ranunculas of Tripoly remove Holiocks about this Time you may plant choice Tulips and they will be sufficiently forward as also secured from Dangers mix Natural Earth somewhat impoverished white fine sand and plant them in it tho' at the Bottom within theâ— the reach of the Fibres you must place rich Earth Now beware your Carnations be not injured by the Wet therefore in Excess of Rain cover them so that the Air may however come at them or lay them on the sides and with fresh Mould trim them up you may now without Danger bury all sorts of Fulbous Roots as likewise Iris. Sow Phillirea and Alâ—ternus seeds mow Carpet Walks beat and rowl them as also Cammomile-beds and make an end of your last Weeding cleanse your Walks and Alleys from fallen Leafs which corrupting will produce Vermin Flowers blowing or continuing this Month c. LYmonium Lychnis Amaranthus three coloured Asser Articus Heliotrops Tuberos Jacinths Marâ—el of Peru Autumnal Narcissus Gilliflowers Virgin â—halangium Pomum Amoris and Aethiop-Garanium â—riste Aleppo Narcissus Pansies Spherical Narcissus â—yclamen Saffron Claments and some others Sagitarius â™ or the Archer NOVEMBER Things proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month COver the Ranuncula's that are coming up prepare rich Earth made so with about half Dung sift on 〈◊〉 some sandy light Mould and Earth gotten out of holâ—w or doated Willow-trees put it in Cases or Pots in â—he Sun and sow in it Auricula-seeds If the Weather be open and seasonable plant the fairâ—st Sort of Tulips in Earth not over rich and let them â—e under shelter about the middle of the Month House your tender Plants and Flowers also set the choicest Carnation under a Pent-house or some such like shelter under a South Wall and in sharp Weather put a covering over them but not so close as to exclude the Beneâ— of the Air and for shelter of your Seedlings and choice â—lants prepare Matresses Pots Cases and Boxes plant Fibrous Roots also Althea-futax Roses Cytisus Cyringas â—eonies and the like cleanse and sweet the Walks c. Flowers blowing this Month or continuing c. MEadow Saffron Anomies Bellis Stock Gilliflowers Pancies Clamatis double Violets some kind of Carnations Anterrhinum Veronica Musk-roses and some others Capricorn ♑ or the Goat DECEMBER Things proper to be done in the Flower-Garden this month PReserve your