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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
earth_n dry_a hot_a moist_a 3,301 5 10.4672 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A06946 Markhams farwell to husbandry or, The inriching of all sorts of barren and sterill grounds in our kingdome, to be as fruitfull in all manner of graine, pulse, and grasse as the best grounds whatsoeuer together with the anoyances, and preseruation of all graine and seede, from one yeare to many yeares. As also a husbandly computation of men and cattels dayly labours, their expences, charges, and vttermost profits. Attained by trauell and experience, being a worke neuer before handled by any author: and published for the good of the whole kingdome.; Farewell to husbandry Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637. 1620 (1620) STC 17372; ESTC S112107 100,169 168

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these_o particular_a profit_n follow_v first_o plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o pulse_n because_o all_o ground_n be_v make_v able_a and_o apt_a for_o tillage_n the_o kingdom_n may_v afford_v to_o sow_v for_o one_o bushel_n that_o be_v now_o hereafter_o five_o hundred_o so_o mighty_a great_a be_v the_o unfruitful_a and_o untilled_a waste_n of_o heathe_n down_n mores_n and_o such_o like_a which_o at_o this_o day_n lie_v untilled_a and_o unoccupied_a and_o to_o this_o abundance_n of_o corn_n will_v redound_v a_o equal_a or_o great_a abundance_n of_o grass_n and_o pasture_n for_o beside_o that_o those_o man_n and_o master_n of_o many_o ground_n may_v convert_v all_o their_o best_a and_o most_o fruitful_a earth_n to_o pasture_n and_o meadow_n and_o only_o keep_v the_o barren_a for_o tillage_n yet_o also_o this_o barren_a earth_n after_o it_o have_v do_v bear_v of_o corn_n which_o will_v be_v in_o five_o or_o six_o year_n shall_v for_o as_o many_o year_n more_o bear_v as_o good_a meadow_n or_o pasture_n either_o for_o breed_v or_o feed_v as_o can_v any_o way_n be_v reasonable_o require_v and_o then_o be_v new_o make_v again_o shall_v new_o begin_v and_o flourish_v in_o his_o first_o profit_n as_o shall_v be_v at_o large_a show_v and_o set_v forth_o hereafter_o as_o i_o have_v see_v with_o my_o own_o eye_n to_o my_o no_o small_a pleasure_n and_o amazement_n not_o in_o one_o butin_n diverse_a and_o sundry_a most_o untruitfull_a and_o hard_a country_n second_o whereas_o through_o the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v every_o year_n a_o three_o or_o four_o part_n of_o all_o corn_n ground_n lose_v in_o the_o fallow_a or_o tylthe_n field_n one_o field_n of_o three_o or_o one_o of_o four_o continual_o lie_v at_o rest_n now_o by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husbandry_n follow_v you_o shall_v never_o keep_v any_o fallow_a field_n at_o all_o but_o have_v all_o your_o ground_n to_o bear_v you_o continual_o either_o corn_n or_o grass_n in_o good_a abundance_n last_o 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grow_v be_v it_o not_o devour_v and_o eat_v up_o by_o these_o snail_n and_o such_o like_a vermin_n as_o so_o one_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o peep_v up_o or_o as_o it_o be_v but_o to_o open_v the_o earth_n whereby_o it_o be_v drive_v back_o and_o force_v to_o die_v in_o the_o earth_n for_o these_o creature_n suck_v upon_o the_o tender_a sweetness_n deprine_n it_o both_o of_o life_n and_o nourishment_n the_o cure_n and_o prevention_n for_o this_o evillis_fw-la to_o take_v the_o cure_n soot_n of_o a_o chimney_n and_o after_o your_o corn_n have_v be_v sow_v a_o week_n or_o ten_o day_n or_o within_o two_o or_o three_o day_n after_o the_o first_o shower_n of_o rain_n which_o shall_v fall_v after_o the_o corn_n be_v sow_v you_o shall_v sow_v this_o soot_n of_o the_o chimney_n thiniy_n over_o the_o land_n and_o not_o a_o snail_n will_v endure_v to_o come_v thereon_o other_o use_n especial_o in_o france_n and_o those_o more_o fertile_a country_n to_o take_v common_a oil_n lees_n and_o after_o 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same_o manner_n as_o afore_o say_v and_o findean_v equal_a and_o like_a profit_n in_o the_o same_o but_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o any_o bitter_a decoction_n whatsoever_o use_v and_o apply_v as_o aforesaid_a will_v not_o leave_v one_o grasshopper_n about_o your_o field_n for_o any_o bitterness_n be_v such_o a_o enemy_n unto_o they_o that_o they_o can_v live_v where_o they_o feel_v any_o taste_n thereof_o the_o last_o offence_n of_o live_a creature_n belong_v to_o moale_n corn_n or_o graine_n be_v moale_n which_o not_o only_o feed_v upon_o it_o after_o it_o be_v sprout_v and_o spindle_v by_o eat_v up_o the_o root_n thereof_o and_o so_o consequent_o by_o kill_v the_o whole_a corn_n but_o also_o by_o their_o dig_v and_o undermine_v of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o root_v up_o the_o corn_n and_o destroy_v it_o in_o most_o wonderful_a manner_n for_o where_o they_o make_v their_o haunt_n or_o be_v suffer_v to_o dig_v there_o they_o will_v destroy_v almost_o half_a a_o acre_n in_o a_o day_n neither_o make_v they_o choice_n either_o of_o ground_n or_o grain_n for_o all_o ground_n and_o all_o grain_n be_v alike_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o too_o wet_a or_o subject_n to_o inundation_n or_o overflow_v as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n corn_n ground_n be_v not_o for_o above_o all_o thing_n moale_n can_v endure_v wet_a ground_n or_o earth_n of_o too_o moist_a quality_n now_o the_o best_a cure_n or_o prevention_n against_o these_o creature_n cure_n be_v to_o find_v out_o their_o trench_n and_o passage_n which_o be_v most_o plain_a and_o casie_a to_o be_v know_v by_o the_o turn_n up_o of_o the_o new_a earth_n and_o dig_v cross_a hole_n in_o the_o same_o to_o watch_v either_o the_o go_v forth_o or_o the_o come_n back_o of_o the_o mole_n and_o when_o you_o see_v she_o cast_v to_o strike_v she_o with_o a_o iron_n fork_n make_v of_o many_o grain_n as_o eight_o or_o fix_v at_o the_o least_o and_o so_o to_o kill_v and_o destroy_v they_o which_o still_o be_v so_o general_o know_v among_o husbandman_n that_o it_o be_v become_v a_o trade_n and_o occupation_n among_o they_o so_o that_o it_o need_v no_o further_a description_n &_o the_o rather_o in_o as_o much_o as_o for_o three_o d._n or_o iiii_o d._n a_o score_n you_o may_v have_v any_o ground_n cleanse_v of_o moale_n whatsoever_o now_o there_o be_v some_o other_o which_o have_v not_o this_o art_n of_o kill_v or_o catch_v of_o moale_n which_o only_o do_v take_v brimstone_n and_o wet_a stink_a straw_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o will_v make_v a_o stink_a smoke_n and_o put_v fire_n thereto_o smoke_n all_o the_o place_n of_o their_o haunt_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n drive_v they_o all_o clean_a away_o from_o the_o corn_n land_n many_o otherpractice_n they_o have_v but_o none_o so_o good_a certain_a and_o probable_a as_o these_o already_o declare_v thus_o far_o i_o have_v speak_v of_o those_o offence_n which_o proceed_v heaven_n from_o live_a creature_n i_o will_v now_o entreat_v of_o these_o which_o come_v and_o 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such_o like_a any_o of_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o you_o shall_v see_v appear_v or_o peep_v above_o the_o earth_n you_o shall_v present_o with_o your_o nipper_n pull_v they_o up_o by_o the_o root_n and_o not_o suffer_v they_o in_o any_o wise_a to_o look_v a_o handful_n above_o the_o ground_n for_o if_o you_o do_v their_o hardness_n be_v so_o great_a and_o their_o root_n so_o large_a and_o fast_o fix_v in_o the_o mould_n that_o you_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n pull_v they_o away_o without_o great_a loss_n and_o hurt_n to_o the_o grain_n pull_v up_o with_o they_o all_o such_o root_n of_o corn_n as_o shall_v be_v fix_v near_o about_o they_o for_o any_o other_o weak_a and_o superfluous_a thing_n
smooth_v it_o and_o sleight_n it_o as_o be_v before_o show_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n and_o although_o a_o man_n will_v imagine_v that_o the_o sandy_a looseness_n of_o this_o soil_n will_v not_o need_v much_o clotting_a or_o slight_v of_o the_o earth_n yet_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o mixture_n thereof_o with_o the_o marl_n and_o manure_n it_o will_v so_o hold_v and_o cleave_v together_o that_o it_o will_v ask_v good_a strong_a labour_n to_o loosen_v it_o and_o lay_v it_o so_o hollow_a and_o smooth_a as_o in_o right_n it_o shall_v be_v touch_v the_o weed_n which_o be_v most_o subject_a to_o weed_n this_o soil_n they_o be_v thistle_n and_o young_a brake_n or_o fernes_n which_o will_v grow_v up_o within_o the_o corn_n which_o before_o they_o rise_v so_o high_a as_o the_o corn_n and_o even_o as_o it_o be_v at_o the_o first_o appear_v you_o must_v with_o your_o wooden_a nypper_n pull_v up_o by_o the_o root_n and_o after_o rake_v up_o and_o lay_v in_o some_o 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and_o the_o sharp_a storm_n to_o which_o the_o clime_n be_v continual_o subject_v both_o day_n and_o night_n blast_v it_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o nothing_o appear_v but_o a_o starve_a wither_a and_o utter_o unprofitable_a burden_n good_a for_o nothing_o but_o the_o fire_n and_o that_o in_o a_o very_a simple_a sort_n such_o ground_n if_o you_o be_v briar_n master_n of_o and_o will_v reduce_v it_o to_o profit_n and_o fruitfulness_n you_o shall_v first_o with_o hook_n or_o axe_n cut_v up_o the_o upper_a growth_n thereof_o that_o be_v the_o bush_n young_a tree_n and_o such_o like_a than_o you_o shall_v also_o stubbe_n up_o the_o root_n not_o leave_v any_o part_n of_o they_o behind_o in_o the_o earth_n carry_v away_o both_o home_n to_o your_o house_n to_o be_v employ_v either_o for_o fuel_n or_o the_o mend_n of_o the_o hedge_n or_o such_o like_a as_o you_o shall_v have_v occasion_n this_o do_v you_o shall_v take_v a_o pair_n of_o strong_a iron_n harrow_n and_o with_o they_o you_o shall_v harrow_n over_o all_o the_o earth_n tear_v up_o all_o the_o twitch_n briar_n and_o rough_a grass_n so_o by_o the_o root_n that_o not_o any_o part_n but_o the_o bare_a earth_n may_v be_v seen●…_n and_o when_o your_o barrow_n be_v cloy_v you_o shall_v vulade_n they_o in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o ground_n lay_v all_o such_o rubbish_n of_o weed_n and_o other_o stuff_n which_o the_o harrow_n shall_v gather_v up_o in_o a_o little_a round_a hill_n close_o up_o together_o that_o they_o may_v sweat_v wither_v and_o dry_v then_o spread_v they_o abroad_o and_o mix_v they_o well_o with_o dry_a straw_n burn_v they_o all_o over_o the_o ground_n leave_v no_o part_n of_o the_o weed_n or_o grass_n unconsume_v then_o without_o beat_v in_o of_o the_o ash_n you_o shall_v present_o plough_v the_o ground_n all_o over_o very_o clean_a as_o may_v be_v lay_v the_o furrow_n as_o close_o as_o you_o can_v one_o to_o another_o and_o leave_v no_o earth_n untouched_a or_o untorne_a up_o with_o the_o blow_n which_o do_v you_o shall_v immediate_o hack_v it_o into_o small_a piece_n and_o as_o you_o hack_v it_o you_o shall_v have_v idle_a boy_n to_o go_v by_o the_o hacker_n to_o gather_v away_o all_o the_o root_n which_o they_o shall_v loosen_v or_o break_v from_o the_o mould_n and_o lay_v they_o on_o heap_n in_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n they_o shall_v there_o burn_v they_o and_o spread_v the_o ash_n thereon_o after_o your_o ground_n be_v thus_o harrow_v plough_v and_o hack_v you_o shall_v then_o muck_n it_o as_o be_v former_o show_v in_o the_o six_o chapter_n then_o shall_v you_o sand_n it_o lime_n it_o and_o manure_v it_o as_o before_o say_v now_o of_o meanure_n which_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o this_o meanure_n soil_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o either_o ox_n or_o horse_n manure_n rot_a straw_n or_o the_o scour_n of_o yard_n be_v very_o good_a provide_v that_o with_o any_o of_o these_o meanure_n or_o all_o these_o meanure_n you_o mix_v the_o broad-leaved_n weed_n and_o other_o greene-weed_n which_o grow_v in_o ditch_n brook_n pond_n or_o lake_n under_o willow_n tree_n which_o with_o a_o iron_n rake_n drag_v or_o such_o likeinstrument_n you_o may_v easy_o draw_v upon_o the_o bank_n and_o so_o carry_v it_o to_o your_o land_n and_o there_o mingle_v it_o with_o the_o other_o meanure_n &_o so_o let_v it_o rot_v in_o the_o ground_n this_o manure_n thus_o mix_v be_v of_o all_o other_o most_o excellent_a for_o this_o soil_n both_o by_o the_o experience_n of_o the_o ancient_n who_o have_v leave_v it_o unto_o memory_n as_o also_o by_o daily_a practice_n now_o use_v in_o sundry_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n aswell_o because_o of_o the_o temperate_a coolness_n thereof_o which_o in_o a_o kindly_a manner_n assuage_v the_o lime_n and_o sand_n as_o also_o through_o the_o moisture_n which_o distil_v through_o those_o warm_a soil_n do_v quicken_v the_o cold_a starve_a earth_n and_o give_v a_o wonderful_a increase_n to_o the_o seed_n that_o shall_v be_v throw_v into_o the_o same_o after_o your_o ground_n be_v thus_o sufficient_o dress_v with_o labour_n these_o soil_n and_o meanure_n you_o shall_v then_o plough_v it_o again_o the_o second_o time_n which_o will_v be_v after_o michaelmas_n after_o the_o plough_v you_o shall_v then_o hack_v it_o again_o and_o be_v sure_a to_o mix_v the_o earth_n and_o the_o meanure_n very_o well_o together_o than_o you_o shall_v break_v it_o in_o gentle_a manner_n with_o your_o harrow_n and_o then_o sow_v it_o which_o do_v you_o shall_v harrow_n it_o again_o but_o than_o you_o shall_v harrow_v it_o much_o more_o painful_o and_o not_o leave_v any_o clot_n or_o hard_a earth_n unbroken_a that_o the_o harrow_n can_v pull_v in_o piece_n as_o touch_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o this_o earth_n it_o be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o the_o next_o forego_n chapter_n as_o namely_o the_o best_a rye_n or_o the_o best_a masline_n which_o be_v rye_n and_o wheat_n equal_o mix_v together_o or_o if_o there_o be_v two_o part_n rye_n and_o but_o one_o wheat_n the_o seed_n will_v be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o certain_a and_o sure_a hold_n and_o this_o seed_n you_o may_v sow_v on_o this_o ground_n three_o year_n together_o then_o barley_n than_o oat_n and_o so_o forth_o as_o be_v former_o write_v of_o the_o ground_n forego_v after_o your_o ground_n be_v sow_v and_o harrow_v you_o shall_v then_o clot_n it_o sleight_v it_o and_o smooth_v it_o as_o you_o do_v the_o other_o ground_n before_o and_o then_o last_o with_o your_o back_n harrow_n that_o be_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o harrow_n the_o tooth_n turn_v upward_o from_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o back_n of_o the_o harrow_n next_o unto_o the_o ground_n you_o shall_v run_v over_o all_o the_o ground_n and_o gather_v from_o the_o same_o all_o the_o loose_a grass_n twitch_n or_o other_o weed_n that_o shall_v any_o way_n be_v raise_v up_o and_o the_o same_o so_o gather_v you_o shall_v lay_v at_o the_o land_n end_n in_o heap_n either_o to_o rot_v for_o manure_n or_o else_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n to_o be_v burn_v for_o ash_n and_o sprinkle_v on_o the_o earth_n the_o next_o seed_n time_n last_o touch_v the_o weed_n of_o this_o soil_n you_o shall_v weed_n understand_v the_o weed_n which_o be_v most_o incident_a thereunto_o be_v all_o the_o same_o you_o first_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v as_o namely_o twitch_n rough_a wild_a grass_n and_o young_a woody_a undergrowth_n beside_o thistle_n hare_n bottle_n and_o gipsy_n flower_n therefore_o you_o shall_v have_v a_o great_a care_n at_o the_o first_o appearance_n or_o spring_v up_o of_o the_o corn_n to_o see_v what_o weed_n arise_v with_o it_o for_o these_o weed_n be_v everful_o as_o hasty_a as_o the_o corn_n
breed_v pismire_n next_o unto_o these_o your_o door_n or_o great_a black_a clock_n es_fw-la be_v vehement_a destroyer_n of_o all_o kind_n of_o corn_n both_o white_a corn_n and_o pulse_n whilst_o it_o lie_v dry_a in_o the_o earth_n and_o before_o it_o sprout_v for_o after_o it_o begin_v to_o rot_v they_o do_v no_o more_o touch_v it_o and_o these_o door_n destroy_v it_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o pysmyre_n doc_fw-fr by_o creep_v in_o at_o the_o small_a cravy_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o find_v the_o grain_n do_v as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v dry_a feed_n thereon_o and_o though_o they_o be_v no_o hoarder_n or_o gatherer_n together_o of_o the_o grain_n keep_v it_o in_o heap_n in_o dry_a place_n as_o the_o pismyre_n and_o other_o vermin_n doc_fw-fr yet_o they_o be_v great_a feeder_n thereon_o and_o that_o continual_o beside_o they_o will_v ever_o choose_v out_o the_o full_a and_o best_a corn_n and_o leave_v the_o lean_a whereby_o they_o do_v the_o husbandman_n a_o double_a in●…ury_n as_o first_o to_o devour_v and_o then_o to_o devour_v but_o the_o best_a only_a the_o care_n or_o prevention_n for_o these_o door_n or_o black_a care_n clock_n be_v in_o seedtime_n to_o make_v great_a smoke_n in_o your_o corne-field_n which_o will_v present_o chase_v they_o from_o thence_o for_o they_o be_v the_o great_a enemy_n that_o may_v be_v to_o all_o manner_n of_o smoke_n but_o if_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_a then_o immediate_o before_o you_o sow_v your_o corn_n you_o shall_v very_o light_o sow_v your_o land_n with_o sharp_a lime_n and_o whensoever_o the_o door_n shall_v find_v the_o smell_n or_o taste_v thereof_o present_o he_o will_v depart_v or_o if_o he_o eat_v of_o the_o grain_n that_o touch_v the_o lime_n it_o be_v as_o present_a poison_n unto_o he_o and_o he_o there_o die_v after_o these_o your_o field_n rat_n and_o mouse_n be_v very_o vehement_a myce._n destroyer_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o grain_n or_o seed_n before_o they_o sprout_v especial_o all_o sort_n of_o 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that_o be_v unsufferable_a so_o that_o to_o conclude_v neither_o rye_n barley_n oates_n nor_o any_o other_o small_a and_o more_o tender_a seed_n be_v free_a from_o their_o annoyance_n and_o destruction_n now_o the_o cure_n and_o prevention_n for_o these_o field_n rat_n and_o mouse_n be_v diverse_a according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o diverse_a author_n and_o diverse_a of_o our_o best_a experience_v husbandman_n for_o some_o use_n in_o the_o dog_n day_n or_o canicular_a day_n when_o the_o field_n be_v common_o bare_a to_o search_v out_o the_o hole_n and_o nest_n of_o these_o rat_n and_o mouse_n which_o be_v easy_o know_v be_v little_a round_a hole_n in_o the_o earth_n make_v so_o round_o and_o artificial_o as_o if_o they_o be_v make_v with_o a_o auger_n no_o big_a than_o the_o body_n of_o the_o creature_n that_o be_v to_o lie_v in_o it_o and_o into_o these_o hole_n they_o use_v to_o put_v a_o few_o hemlock_n seed_n of_o which_o when_o the_o beast_n taste_v it_o be_v present_a death_n 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