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A05064 A uery brefe treatise, ordrely declaring the pri[n]cipal partes of phisick that is to saye: thynges natural. Thynges not naturall. Thynges agaynst nature. Gathered, and sette forth by Christopher Langton. Langton, Christopher, 1521-1578. 1547 (1547) STC 15205; ESTC S121147 48,372 190

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of suche as be sycke foloweth death without remedy the whiche thing yf it be true as vndoutedlye it is what be such Phisitions worthye as doe vtterlye necglect the same and thinke that they haue done a great feat whan they haue wrytten a byl or two to the appoticarie takynge no care in the meane tyme what manner of dyet the sicke kepeth The seconde parte healeth by medicins inwarde outwardly taken But there be medicins of .ii. sortes that is to say simple and compounde and first to the parfit curyng of the disease most necessary is the knowledge of the simple and this care whiche is a greate charge is commytted to such as be vnlerned yea and in many places more is the pittie to folish ignorant wemen I wolde rather wishe the handlynge of suche Iuelles to be in the handes of y e best lerned and wysest Phisitions For as it is a thinge to be laughhed at if a Paynter know not his pensill or a coblar hys nall or a tannar his lether so think ye that a Phisition is not to be laught to scorne yf he know not the matter of that arte which he professeth But now adayes he is most set by and had in the gretest estimation which knoeth y e least which can make one medicine serue a thowsande diuerse diseases whiche is as lyke to be true as one shooe to be mete sit for so many feet And as for medicins they be not worth a vyle straw except they com out of Ethiop Arabi or India wheras for vs english men ther is non so good as our owne Englishe simples For it can not be proued y t nature euer brought forthe any wher liuing creatures where as she left nothing to fede them wyth all and lykewyse as she hath prouided meat so hath she medicyns also but the suttylties of men for their owne gayne and priuat Lucre hath browght to passe that al thing is oute of order bothe in the shoppes of the appoticaries and other places elles where The thyrd part is Surgery which is wrought by mannes hand which Gallen commendeth hyghly in many and sundry bokes ¶ The .iiii. chapter The distribution of Phisicke in to thre formes QVre forfathers haue distributed and deuided Phisicke into thre formes or orders and that for no other pourpose but that yonge studentes of Phisick might lerne diligently and a gret dele the better remember what so euer they had red in the monumentes of olde writers The first order is of those thinges of y e whiche mānes body is made of and it hath plesed the foresayde elders to call suche thinges as oure body is cōpact made of thinges natural because to the perfection of mannes body they be necessary The seconde order is of those thinges with the which oure bodye is nourished that yt may remayne in healthe these thinges be called not naturall not because they be vtterlye agaynst oure nature but because if they be geuen without discreciō they may make suche alteration in the bodye as may extinguishe and abolishe vtterlye the lyfe The thirde order is of such as hurt and harme the body and corrupt it therfore they be called thinges agaynste nature be cause they be clene contrary to nature ¶ The fyfth chapter Of the number of thinges naturall NOwe it is tyme to speke of the first part of Phisicke whiche entreateth of the naturall cōstitution of mannes bodie this part of Phisicke is not put firste without a cause For no mā can do any good with a medicyne whiche is ignorant in the constitutiō of mannes bodie therfore the thinges naturall wherof mannes bodye is conpact made be seuen in number 1 Elementes as the fiere ayer water and erthe 2 Temperamentes as hote cowlde moyst and drye 3 Humores as blowde fleume chollar bothe yelow black 4 Partes as flesh bone brayne harte liuer heed and handes 5 Faculties as Animall vitall naturall 6 Actions as Animall naturall 7 Spirites as animall vitall and naturall These thinges I entend god willing to expresse so well as the sterillite of my simple wyt will geue me leaue begynnyng first wyth the Elementes ¶ The sixte chapter Of the Elementes TVlly y e eloquent Romain counselleth very wel euery mā first of all and before he make any far procedynge to defyne the thing of the which he pourposeth to entreat to y e entent that euery mā may perceyue what it is y e is spokē of therfore according to his counsell I wyll fyrst define what an element is wherfore an element as Galen sayeth in the .viii. boke of the decrees of Plato and Hyppocrates is the lest part of that thynge of the which it is an element and of these amongest the hole nature of thynges there be but fower in number which is the fyer Ayer water and yearth and as of these all thynges naturall haue there begynnynge so at the length they shall be resolued into the same agayne For Hyppocrates sayeth in a boke which he entytelleth the nature of man that after the soule is once dissolued from the body euery thinge wherof the body was of first is returned in hys owne nature agayne as loke what in the begynnyng was drye that is tourned in to drye what was moyste becōmeth moyste agayne and lykewyse heat is turned into heat and colde becommeth colde agayne but after these elementes be once mixte in the body they can no more be called elementes that is to say pure and simple bodyes that y e is made of them is a bodye mixt and corruptible Therfore as Gallen counselleth in the firste boke of elementes go not about to serche out or to finde in any naturall body any thinge that is simple and not mixt or compounded leste thou lose thy peyne but be contented yf thou se a member that is could hard and drye and a nother that is moyste rare and fluxible to thinke the tone to come of the yearth and the other of the water And lykewyse whan thou considerest with thy selfe in thy mynde the nature of a spirit then remember the ayer For seing that the elementes be the lest partes of owre bodies it is not possible that they should be perceyued by any sense Yf these elementes wer not mixte all together nether man nor no other liuinge creature coulde be made of them for what part of the body they should towch they must of necessitie corrupt the same For ther is no part of the bodie that can abyde safe without hurt or dammage the towchynge of any thynge that is ether extreme hote or extreme colde moyest or drye And herof it is euident that these elementes be not mixt in mannes bodye as wheate or barley is mixt in a hepe for of the grayne ther is no alteratiō seing after the mixture it remaynethe hole but the elementes be so altered and chaunged that after the mixture ther remayneth nothyng but onely a signification of theire qualities