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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
earth_n	corn_n	hear_v	oil_n	3,037	5	9.7075	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A12461	The generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles with the names of the adventurers, planters, and governours from their first beginning. an⁰: 1584. to this present 1624. With the procedings of those severall colonies and the accidents that befell them in all their journyes and discoveries. Also the maps and descriptions of all those countryes, their commodities, people, government, customes, and religion yet knowne. Divided into sixe bookes. By Captaine Iohn Smith sometymes governour in those countryes & admirall of New England.	Smith, John, 1580-1631.; Barra, John, ca. 1574-1634, engraver.	1624 (1624)	STC 22790; ESTC S111882	354,881	269

carpet of the earth and withall shall marke how the heauens heare the earth and the earth the Corne and Oile and they relieue the necessities of man that man will acknowledge Gods infinite Prouidence But hee that shall further obserue how God inclineth all casuall euents to worke the necessary helpe of his Saints must needs adore the Lords infinite goodnesse neuer had any people more iust cause to cast themselues at the very foot-●toole of God and to reuerence his mercie than this distressed Colonie for if God had not sent Sir Thomas Gates from the Bermudas within foure daies they had almost beene famished if God had not directed the heart of that noble Knight to saue the Fort from fiering at their shipping for many were very importunate to haue burnt it they had beene destitute of a present harbour and succour if they had abandoned the Fort any longer time and had not so soone returned questionlesse the Indians would haue destroied the Fort which had beene the meanes of our safeties amongst them and a terror If they had set saile sooner and had lanched into the vast Ocean who would haue promised they should haue incountered the Fleet of the Lord la Ware especially when they made for New found land as they intended a course contrarie to our Nauie approaching If the Lord la Ware had not brought with him a yeeres prouision what comfort would those poore soules haue receiued to haue beene relanded to a second distruction This was the arme of the Lord of Hosts who would haue his people passe the red Sea and Wildernesse and then to possesse the land of Canaan It was diuinely sp●ken of Heathen Socrates If God for man be carefull why should man bee ouer-distrustfull for he hath so tempered the contrary qualities of the Elements That neither cold things want heat nor moist things dry Nor sad things spirits to quicken them thereby Yet make they musicall content of contrarietie Which conquer'd knits them in such links together They doe produce euen all this whatsoeuer The Lord Gouernour after mature deliberation deliuered some few words to the Companie laying iust blame vpon them for their haughtie vanities and sluggish idlenesse earnestly intreating them to amend those desperate follies lest hee should be compelled to draw the sword of Iustice and to cut off such delinquents which he had rather draw to the shedding of his vitall bloud to protect them from iniuries heartning them with relation of that store hee had brought with him constituting officers of all conditions to rule ouer them allotting euery man his particular place to watch vigilantly and worke painfully This Oration and direction being receiued with a generall applause you might shortly behold the idle and restie diseases of a diuided multitude by the vnitie and authoritie of this gouernment to be substantially cured Those that knew not the way to goodnesse before but cherished singularitie and faction can now chalke out the path of all respectiue dutie and seruice euery man endeuoureth to outstrip other in diligence the French preparing to plant the Vines the English labouring in the Woods and grounds euery man knoweth his charge and dischargeth the same with alacritie Neither let any man be discouraged by the relation of their daily labour as though the sap of their bodies should bee spent for other mens profit the setled times of working to effect all themselues or as the Aduenturers need desire required no more paines than from six of the clocke in the morning vntill ten and from two in the afternoone till foure at both which times they are prouided of spirituall and corporall reliefe First they enter into the Church and make their praiers vnto God next they returne to their houses and receiue their proportion of food Nor should it bee conceiued that this businesse excludeth Gentlemen whose breeding neuer knew what a daies labour meant for though they cannot digge vse the Spade nor practice the Axe yet may the staied spirits of any condition finde how to imploy the force of knowledge the exercise of counsell the operation and power of their best breeding and qualities The houses which are built are as warme and defensiue against wind and weather as if they were tiled and slated being couered aboue with strong boards and some matted round with Indian mats Our forces are now such as are able to tame the furie and trecherie of the Saluages Our Forts assure the Inhabitants and frustrate all assaylants And to leaue no discouragement in the heart of any who personally shall enter into this great action I will communicate a double comfort first Sir George Sommers that worthy Admirall hath vndertaken a dangerous aduenture for the good of the Colonie Vpon the 15. of Iune accompanied with Captaine Samuel Argall hee returned in two Pinaces vnto the Bermudas promising if by any meanes God will open a way to that Iland of Rocks that he would soone returne with six moneths prouision of flesh with much crosse weather at last hee there safely arriued but Captaine Argall was forced backe againe to Iames towne whom the Lord De la Ware not long after sent to the Riuer of Patawomeke to trade for Corne where finding an English boy one Henry Spilman a young Gentleman well descended by those people preserued from the furie of Powhatan by his acquaintance had such good vsage of those kinde Saluages that they fraughted his ship with Corne wherewith he returned to Iames towne The other comfort is that the Lord la Ware hath built two new Forts the one called Fort Henry the other Fort Charles in honour of our most noble Prince and his hopefull brother vpon a pleasant plaine and neare a little Riuilet they call Southampton Riuer they stand in a wholsome aire hauing plentie of Springs of sweet water they command a great circuit of ground containing Wood Pasture and Marsh with apt places for Vines Corne and Gardens in which Forts it is resolued that all those that come out of England shall be at their first landing quartered that the wearisomnesse of the Sea may bee refreshed in this pleasing part of the Countrie and Sir Thomas Gates hee sent for England But to correct some iniuries of the Paspahegs he sent Captaine Pearcie Master Stacy and fiftie or threescore shot where the Saluages flying they burnt their houses tooke the Queene and her children prisoners whom not long after they slew The fertilitie of the soile the temperature of the climate the forme of gouernment the condition of our people their daily inuocating of the Name of God being thus expressed why should the successe by the rules of mortall iudgement bee disparaged why should not the rich haruest of our hopes be seasonably expected I dare say that the resolution of Caesar in France the designes of Alexander the discoueries of Hernando Cortes in the West and of Emanuel King of Portugal in the East were not encouraged vpon so firme grounds of state and

of trading is for copper beads and such like for which they giue such commodities as they haue as skins foule fish flesh and their Country Corne. But their victualls are their chiefest riches Every spring they make themselues sicke with drinking the iuyce of a roote they call Wighsacan and water whereof they powre so great a quantitie that it purgeth them in a very violent manner so that in three or foure dayes after they scarce recover their former health Sometimes they are troubled with dropsies swellings aches and such like diseases for cure whereof they build a Stoue in the forme of a Doue-house with mats so close that a few coales therein covered with a pot will make the patient sweat extreamely For swellings also they vse small peeces of touchwood in the forme of cloues which pricking on the griefe they burne close to the flesh and from thence draw the corruption with their mouth With this roote Wighsacan they ordinarily heale greene wounds But to scarrifie a swelling or make incision their best instruments are some splinted stone Old vlcers or putrified hurts are seldome seene cured amongst them They haue many professed Phisicians who with their charmes and Rattles with an infernall rout of words and actions will seeme to sucke their inward griefe from their navels or their grieued places but of our Chirurgians they were so conceited that they beleeued any Plaister would heale any hurt But 't is not alwayes in Phisicians skill To heale the Patient that is sicke and ill For sometimes sicknesse on the Patients part Proues stronger farre then all Phisicians art Of their Religion THere is yet in Virginia no place discovered to be so Savage in which they haue not a Religion Deere and Bow and Arrowes All things that are able to doe them hurt beyond their prevention they adore with their kinde of divine worship as the fire water lightning thunder our Ordnance peeces horses c. But their chiefe God they worship is the Devill Him they call Okee and serue him more of feare then loue They say they haue conference with him and fashion themselues as neare to his shape as they can imagine In their Temples they haue his image euill favouredly carved and then painted and adorned with chaines of copper and beads and covered with a skin in such manner as the deformitie may well suit with such a God By him is commonly the sepulcher of their Kings Their bodies are first bowelled then dried vpon hurdles till they be very dry and so about the most of their ioynts and necke they hang bracelets or chaines of copper pearle and such like as they vse to weare their inwards they stuffe with copper beads hatchets and such trash Then lappe they them very carefully in white skins and so rowle them in mats for their winding sheets And in the Tombe which is an arch made of mats they lay them orderly What remaineth of this kinde of wealth their Kings haue they set at their feet in baskets These Temples and bodies are kept by their Priests For their ordinary burials they dig a deepe hole in the earth with sharpe stakes and the corpse being lapped in skins and mats with their iewels they lay them vpon stickes in the ground and so cover them with earth The buriall ended the women being painted all their faces with blacke cole and oyle doe sit twenty-foure houres in the houses mourning and lamenting by turnes with such yelling and howling as may expresse their great passions In every Territory of a Werowance is a Temple and a Priest two or three or more Their principall Temple or place of superstition is at Vitamussack at Pamavnk●e neare vnto which is a house Temple or place of Powhatans Vpon the top of certaine red sandy hils in the woods there are three great houses filled with images of their Kings and Devils and Tombes of their Predecessors Those houses are neare sixtie foot in length built arbour-wise after their building This place they count so holy as that but the Priests Kings dare come into them nor the Salvages dare not goe vp the river in boats by it but they solemnly cast some peece of copper white beads or Pocones into the river for feare their Okee should be offended and revenged of them Thus Feare was the first their Gods begot Till feare began their Gods were not In this place commonly are resident seauen Priests The chiefe differed from the rest in his ornaments but inferior Priests could hardly be knowne from the common people but that they had not so many holes in their eares to hang their iewels at The ornaments of the chiefe Priest were certaine attires for his head made thus They tooke a dosen or 16 or more snakes skins and stuffed them with mosse and of Weesels and other Vermines skins a good many All these they tie by their tailes so as all their tailes meete in the toppe of their head like a great Tassell Round about this Tassell is as it were a crowne of feathers the skins hang round about his head necke and shoulders and in a manner cover his face The faces of all their Priests are painted as vgly as they can devise in their hands they had every one his Rattle some base some smaller Their devotion was most in songs which the chiefe Priest beginneth and the rest followed him sometimes he maketh invocations with broken sentences by starts and strange passions and at every pause the rest giue a short groane Thus seeke they in deepe foolishnesse To climbe the height of happinesse It could not be perceiued that they keepe any day as more holy then other But onely in some great distresse of want feare of enemies times of triumph and gathering together their fruits the whole Country of men women and children come together to solemnities The manner of their devotion is sometimes to make a great fire in the house or fields and all to sing and dance about it with Rattles and shouts together foure or fiue houres Sometimes they set a man in the midst and about him they dance and sing he all the while clapping his hands as if he would keepe time and after their songs and dauncings ended they goe to ●heir Feasts Through God begetting feare Mans blinded minde did reare A hell-god to the ghosts A heaven-god to the hoasts Yea God vnto the Seas Feare did create all these They haue also divers coniurations one they made when I was their prisoner of which hereafter you shall reade at large They haue also certaine Altar stones they call Pawcorances but these stand from their Temples some by their houses others in the woods and wildernes●es where they haue had any extraordinary accident or incounter And as you travell at those stones they will tell you the cause why they were there erected which from age to age they instruct their children as their best records of antiquities

chiefe wood of which there is great difference in regard of the soyle where it groweth Firre Pine Wall-nut Chesse-nut Birtch Ash Elme Cipris Cedar Mulbery Plum tree Hazell Saxefras and many other sorts Eagles Grips diuers sorts of Hawkes Craines Geese Brants Cormorants Ducks Cranes Swannes Sheldrakes Teale Meawes Gulls Turkies Diue-doppers and many other sorts whose names I know not Whales Grompus Porkpisces Turbut Sturgion Cod Hake Haddocke Cole Cuske or small Ling Sharke Mackarell Herring Mullit Base Pinnacks Cunners Pearch Eeles Crabs Lobsters Mustels Wilks Oisters Clamps Periwinkels and diuers others c. Moos a beast bigger than a Stag Deare red and fallow Beuers Wol●es Foxes both blacke and other Aroughcunds wilde Cats Beares O●t●rs M●●tins Fitches Musquassus and diuers other sorts of Vermin whose names I kn●w not all these and diuers other good things doe here for want of vse still increase and decrease with little diminution whereby they grow to that abundance you shall scarce finde any bay shallow shore or Coue of sand where you may not take many clamps or Lobsters or both at your pleasure and in many places load your Boat if you please nor Iles where you finde not Fruits Birds Crabs and Mi●stels or all of them for taking at a low water Cod Cuske Hollibut Scare Turbut Mackarell or such like are taken plentifully in diuers sandy Bayes store of Mullit Bases and diuers other sorts of such excellent fish as many as their Net can hold no Riuer where there is not plenty of Sturgion or Salmon or both all which are to be had in abundance obseruing but their seasons but if a man will goe at Christmas to gather Cherries in Kent though there be plenty in Summer he may be deceiued so here these plenties haue each their seasons as I hau● expressed we for the most part had little but bread and Vinegar and though the most part of Iuly when the fishing decayed they wrought all day lay abroad in the Iles all night and liued on what they found yet were not sicke But I would wish none long put himselfe to such plunges except necessity constraine it yet worthy is that person to starue that here cannot liue if he haue sense strength and health for there is no such penury of these blessings in any place but that one hundred men may in two or three houres make their prouisions for a day and he that hath experience to manage these affaires with forty or thirty honest industrious men might well vndertake if they dwell in these parts to subiect the Saluages and feed daily two or three hundred men with as good Corne Fish and Flesh as the earth hath of those kinds and yet make that labour but their pleasure prouided that they haue Engines that be proper for their purposes Who can desire more content that hath small meanes or but onely his merit to aduance his fortunes then to tread and plant that ground he hath purchased by the hazard of his life if hee haue but the taste of vertue and magnanimity what to such a minde can bee more pleasant then planting and building a foundation for his posterity got from the rude earth by Gods blessing and his owne industry without preiudice to any if hee haue any graine of faith or zeale in Religion what can he doe lesse hurtfull to any or more agreeable to God then to seeke to conuert those poore Saluages to know Christ and humanity whose labours with discretion will triple require thy charge and paine what so truly sutes with honour and honesty as the discouering things vnknowne erecting Townes peopling Countries informing the ignorant reforming things vniust teaching vertue and gaine to our natiue mother Country a Kingdome to attend her finde imploiment for those that are idle because they know not what to doe so farre from wronging any as to cause posterity to remember thee and remembring thee euer honour that remembrance with praise Consider what were the beginnings and endings of the Monarchies of the Chaldeans the Syrians the Grecians and Romans but this one rule what was it they would not doe for the good of their common weale or their mother City For example Rome what made her such a Monarchesse but onely the aduentures of her youth not in riots at home but in dangers abroad and the iustice and iudgement out of their experiences when they grew aged what was their ruine and hurt but this the excesse of idlenesse the fondnesse of parents the want of experience in Maiestrates the admiration of their vndeserued honours the contempt of true merit their vniust iealousies their politike incredulities their hypocriticall seeming goodnesse and their deeds of secret lewdnesse finally in fine growing onely formall temporists all that their Predecessors got in many yeeres they lost in a few daies those by their paines and vertues became Lords of the world they by their case and vices became slaues to their seruants this is the difference betwixt the vse of armes in the field and on the monuments of stones the golden age and the leaden age prosperity and misery iustice and corruption substance and shadowes words and deeds experience and imagination making common weales and marring common weales the fruits of vertue and the conclusions of vice Then who would liue at home idly or thinke in himselfe any worth to liue onely to eat drinke and sleepe and so die or by consuming that carelesly his friends got worthily or by vsing that miserably that maintained vertue honestly or for being descended nobly and pine with the vaine va●nt of great kindred in penury or to maintaine a silly shew of brauery toile out thy heart soule and time basely by shifts tricks Cards and Dice or by relating newes of other mens actions sharke here and there for a dinner or supper deceiue thy friends by faire promises and dissimulation in borrowing where thou neuer meanest to pay offend the Lawes surfet with excesse burthen thy Countrie abuse thy selfe despaire in want and then cousen thy Kindred yea euen thy owne brother and wish thy Parents death I will not say damnation to haue their estates though thou seest what honours and rewards the world yet hath for them that will seeke them and worthily deserue them I would bee sorry to offend or that any should mistake my honest meaning for I wish good to all hurt to none but rich men for the most part are growne to that dotage through their pride in their wealth as though there were no accident could end it or their life And what hellish care doe such take to make it their owne misery and their Countries spoile especially when there is most need of their imploiment drawing by all manner of inuentions from the Prince and his honest Subiects euen the vitall spirits of their powers and estates as if their baggs or brags were so powerfull a defence the malicious could not assault them when they are the onely bait to cause vs