meridian_n the_o common_a zenith_n or_o nadir_n evermore_o keep_v their_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o one_o of_o they_o as_o they_o do_v from_o the_o other_o for_o example_n suppose_v the_o common_a zenith_n to_o be_v in_o the_o aequator_fw-la you_o sail_a east_n or_o west_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v no_o variation_n there_o be_v no_o magnetical_a meridian_n there_o be_v no_o megnetical_a pole_n but_o those_o of_o the_o world_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o sail_v still_o under_o the_o line_n you_o do_v find_v a_o variation_n it_o be_v the_o magnetical_a meridian_n that_o by_o his_o swarve_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o horizon_n show_v the_o quantity_n of_o the_o variation_n and_o give_v it_o also_o the_o denomination_n of_o easterly_n or_o westerly_n and_o his_o axis_n be_v the_o line_n of_o variation_n but_o suppose_v the_o common_a zenith_n to_o be_v in_o any_o parallel_n between_o the_o equatour_n and_o the_o pole_n then_o be_v it_o not_o the_o axis_n but_o some_o other_o diameter_n of_o the_o magnetical_a meridian_n which_o show_v the_o variation_n of_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o magnetical_a meridian_n ever_o more_o cut_v just_a so_o many_o degree_n of_o the_o magnetical_a almicanter_n on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o true_a meridian_n as_o the_o same_o magnetical_a pole_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o same_o almicanter_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o true_a meridian_n from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o correspondent_a manner_n as_o well_o of_o the_o south_n hemisphere_n as_o of_o the_o north._n the_o respective_a magnetical_a m_o ridian_n where_o any_o variation_n be_v be_v a_o circle_n that_o pa_v by_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o the_o nadir_n and_o both_o the_o respective_a pole_n cross_v the_o horizon_n at_o right_a angle_n in_o the_o point_n of_o variation_n of_o which_o circle_n the_o line_n of_o variation_n be_v a_o diameter_n but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o variation_n the_o true_a and_o magnetical_a meridianâ—_n be_v both_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o and_o so_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n be_v there_o diameter_n those_o circle_n and_o pole_n be_v term_v respective_a because_o that_o in_o every_o place_n where_o any_o variation_n be_v the_o magnetical_a needle_n do_v respect_v they_o as_o well_o in_o the_o property_n of_o direction_n as_o of_o that_o of_o declination_n or_o inclination_n for_o thus_o also_o very_o well_o it_o may_v be_v term_v by_o the_o property_n of_o direction_n and_o i_o do_v mean_a with_o doctor_n gilbert_n the_o horizontical_a motion_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n by_o the_o declination_n or_o inclination_n i_o mean_v the_o descend_v and_o as_o it_o be_v the_o sink_a motion_n of_o the_o needle_n under_o the_o horizon_n in_o his_o proper_a azimuth_n or_o magnetical_a meridian_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o variation_n the_o needle_n always_o point_v to_o the_o true_a meridian_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o towards_o the_o pole_n thereof_o in_o both_o those_o property_n the_o true_a pole_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v those_o two_o point_n equal_o distant_a from_o each_o part_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a of_o the_o earth_n be_v always_o the_o self_n same_o the_o respective_a pole_n alter_v with_o every_o horizon_n where_o there_o be_v any_o variation_n but_o never_o out_o of_o the_o forename_a almicanter_n of_o that_o place_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o respective_a pole_n and_o meridian_n from_o the_o true_a pole_n and_o meridian_n and_o so_o of_o all_o variation_n be_v only_o two_o the_o chief_a and_o most_o general_a be_v the_o vastness_n of_o the_o ocean_n sea_n by_o moistness_n whereof_o the_o magnetical_a collateral_a force_n of_o so_o much_o earth_n as_o it_o cover_v be_v much_o hinder_v and_o dull_v and_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o next_o great_a continent_n have_v more_o power_n over_o the_o correspondent_a end_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n than_o otherwise_o it_o will_v have_v if_o all_o be_v alike_o one_o entire_a continent_n and_o therefore_o cause_v the_o directive_n property_n of_o the_o needle_n somewhat_o to_o swarve_v towards_o that_o way_n which_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v variation_n but_o yet_o the_o vastness_n of_o the_o ocean_n do_v not_o hinder_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n because_o the_o hang_n consist_v but_o in_o length_n and_o breadth_n and_o not_o in_o the_o depth_n for_o although_o in_o comparison_n of_o a_o pond_n or_o river_n the_o sea_n be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o a_o wonderful_a depth_n yet_o if_o this_o depth_n be_v compare_v with_o a_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o bear_v a_o very_a exceed_a small_a proportion_n nothing_o at_o all_o to_o hinder_v the_o mighty_a magnetical_a declinatory_n force_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n for_o the_o great_a depth_n that_o ever_o any_o man_n of_o skill_n esteem_v it_o at_o be_v not_o above_o two_o englishâ—iles_n â—iles_z at_o the_o uttermost_a when_o as_o daily_a experience_n make_v it_o manifest_a that_o a_o great_a continent_n will_v show_v his_o magnetical_a collateral_a force_n by_o cause_v a_o variation_n above_o 200_o mile_n off_o from_o the_o place_n and_o therefore_o doctor_n gilbert_n fear_v in_o that_o point_n i_o take_v to_o be_v needless_a suppose_v a_o variation_n of_o declination_n the_o second_o cause_n of_o variation_n be_v any_o great_a mountainous_a region_n easterly_a or_o westerly_a from_o you_o it_o will_v cause_v the_o needle_n sometime_o to_o swarve_v that_o way_n but_o variation_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v but_o of_o small_a continuance_n and_o in_o sail_v subject_n to_o sudden_a alteration_n yea_o many_o time_n quite_o contrary_a from_o westerly_a to_o easterly_n and_o afterward_o back_o again_o within_o short_a space_n as_o our_o first_o famous_a pilot_n stephen_n burrough_n find_v by_o his_o experience_n in_o his_o discovery_n of_o the_o scythian_a sea_n coast_n between_o the_o north_n cape_n of_o finmarke_n and_o vaygates_n the_o reason_n whereof_o ought_v heedful_o to_o be_v regard_v which_o be_v that_o the_o magnetical_a force_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n do_v as_o in_o all_o magnet_n show_v itself_o most_o strong_o in_o the_o two_o pole_n thereof_o and_o in_o the_o place_n which_o be_v under_o they_o but_o always_o it_o must_v be_v remember_v that_o all_o the_o force_n they_o have_v must_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a body_n as_o it_o do_v likewise_o in_o all_o magnet_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o magnet_n and_o therefore_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a body_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o any_o variation_n be_v above_o 90_o degree_n because_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o whole_a can_v never_o be_v oversway_v by_o the_o imperfection_n of_o a_o part_n and_o especial_o of_o so_o small_a a_o part_n be_v any_o one_o portion_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v in_o his_o very_a superficies_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n yea_o i_o be_o very_o persuade_v that_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o never_o will_v be_v any_o variation_n by_o any_o good_a observation_n find_v to_o be_v so_o much_o as_o 90_o neither_o any_o show_n of_o so_o great_a variation_n any_o where_o except_o it_o be_v very_o near_o unto_o either_o of_o the_o pole_n where_o there_o be_v small_a credit_n to_o be_v give_v to_o the_o observe_v of_o any_o variation_n for_o the_o variation_n be_v as_o before_o say_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n in_o the_o horizon_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n for_o as_o much_o as_o in_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n there_o be_v no_o manner_n of_o certainty_n of_o either_o of_o these_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o find_v the_o variation_n if_o there_o be_v any_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v this_o no_o man_n may_v travel_v in_o those_o sea_n but_o whilst_o the_o sun_n abide_v on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o aequatour_n whereby_o they_o have_v continual_a day_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v seclude_v from_o any_o help_n of_o the_o star_n neither_o if_o they_o may_v be_v see_v will_v they_o bring_v any_o great_a help_n for_o the_o difference_n of_o height_n in_o many_o hour_n be_v so_o small_a that_o by_o a_o large_a instrument_n a_o diligent_a observer_n with_o great_a pain_n will_v hardly_o find_v the_o meridian_n line_n all_o the_o meridian_n thereof_o come_v so_o near_o one_o to_o another_o and_o meet_v in_o the_o pole_n and_o their_o horizon_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n parallel_v to_o the_o aequinoctial_a as_o for_o the_o horizontical_a magnetical_a needle_n to_o show_v their_o point_n in_o the_o horizon_n as_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o do_v they_o come_v into_o the_o climate_n may_v say_v fuimus_fw-la troes_n their_o direction_n be_v as_o it_o be_v giddy_a and_o uncertain_a and_o when_o their_o centre_n come_v unto_o the_o
the_o accomplish_v seaman_n delight_n contain_v 1._o the_o great_a mystery_n of_o nature_n demonstrate_v by_o art_n as_o the_o flux_n and_o reflux_n increase_n and_o decrease_v access_n and_o recess_n ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n 2._o the_o closet_n of_o magnetical_a miracle_n unlock_v the_o property_n and_o secret_n of_o the_o loadstone_n reveal_v serve_v not_o only_o for_o sea_n affair_n but_o also_o for_o traveller_n by_o land_n 3._o direction_n for_o seaman_n in_o distress_n of_o wether_n also_o the_o right_a use_n of_o the_o magnitical_a needle_n and_o how_o to_o manage_v the_o sail_a compass_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o instrument_n of_o chief_a use_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n 4._o the_o resolver_n of_o curiossity_n be_v a_o profitable_a discourse_n of_o local_a as_o also_o of_o the_o swift_a motion_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n of_o the_o due_a proportion_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o building_n of_o ship_n likewise_o rare_a invention_n of_o several_a engon_n with_o a_o perfect_a discovery_n of_o other_o admirable_a mathematical_a secret_n and_o for_o their_o clear_a explaination_n be_v adorn_v with_o most_o significan_n and_o proper_a figure_n first_o read_v then_o after_o that_o despise_v thy_o prejudice_n and_o be_v more_o wise_a london_n print_v for_o benj._n harris_n at_o the_o anchor_n and_o marinor_n in_o thredneedle_n street_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n 1686._o license_v october_n the_o 10_o 1685._o rob._n midgley_n the_o accomplish_v seaman_n delight_n etc._n etc._n though_o the_o psalmist_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o lord_n have_v found_v the_o earth_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o establish_v it_o on_o the_o flood_n psal_n 24.2_o because_o for_o the_o more_o commodious_a live_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n he_o hatâ—_n make_v a_o part_n of_o it_o high_o than_o the_o sea_n or_o at_o least_o restrain_v their_o incursion_n upon_o it_o so_o as_o now_o they_o make_v but_o one_o entire_a globe_n yet_o because_o the_o water_n in_o the_o first_o creation_n cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o will_v begin_v with_o they_o the_o mother_n of_o water_n the_o great_a deep_a have_v undoubted_o lose_v nothing_o of_o her_o ancient_a bound_n or_o depth_n but_o what_o be_v impair_v in_o one_o place_n be_v again_o restore_v to_o she_o in_o another_o the_o river_n which_o the_o earth_n suck_v from_o she_o by_o secret_a vein_n it_o render_v back_o again_o with_o a_o full_a mouth_n and_o the_o vapour_n which_o the_o sun_n draw_v up_o empty_v themselves_o again_o into_o her_o bosom_n according_a to_o that_o expression_n of_o du_n bartas_n the_o pure_a humour_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o sun_n exhale_v in_o the_o air_n which_o there_o resolve_v anon_o return_v to_o water_n and_o descend_v again_o by_o sudry_n way_n into_o his_o mother_n main_a her_o motion_n of_o ebb_a and_o flow_v and_o of_o high_a spring_n and_o dead_a neape_n be_v still_o as_o certain_a and_o constant_a as_o the_o change_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n her_o native_a saltness_n and_o by_o reason_n thereof_o her_o strength_n for_o the_o better_a support_v of_o navigable_a vessel_n be_v still_o the_o same_o so_o likewise_o the_o river_n the_o daughter_n thereof_o either_o hold_n on_o their_o wont_a course_n and_o current_n or_o what_o they_o have_v diminish_v in_o one_o age_n or_o place_n they_o have_v again_o recompense_v and_o repay_v in_o another_o because_o thing_n move_v and_o be_v change_v without_o which_o such_o and_o so_o great_a matter_n can_v not_o well_o be_v dispose_v we_o be_v to_o think_v the_o earth_n do_v not_o always_o remain_v in_o the_o same_o state_n without_o addition_n or_o diminution_n neither_o yet_o the_o water_n as_o if_o they_o be_v always_o boudn_v within_o the_o same_o list_n especial_o see_v their_o mutual_a change_n be_v natural_a and_o kind_o but_o rather_o that_o much_o earth_n be_v turn_v into_o water_n and_o contrariwise_o no_o less_o water_n into_o earth_n it_o be_v not_o then_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v now_o habitable_a be_v former_o overflow_v with_o water_n and_o that_o again_o which_o now_o be_v sea_n be_v sometime_o habitable_a as_o among_o fountain_n some_o be_v dry_v up_o and_o some_o spring_n forth_o afresh_o which_o may_v also_o be_v varify_v of_o river_n and_o lake_n wherewith_o accord_n that_o of_o ovid_n met._n 15._o vidi_n ego_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerat_fw-la quondam_a seti_fw-la disima_fw-la tellus_fw-la esse_fw-la fretum_n what_o be_v firm_a land_n sometime_o that_o have_v i_o see_v make_v sea_n and_o what_o be_v sea_n make_v land_n again_o on_o mountain_n top_n old_a anchor_n find_v have_v be_v and_o sea-fish_n shell_n to_o lie_v far_o from_o the_o main_a plain_n turn_v to_o vale_n by_o waterfall_n the_o down_n by_o overflow_n be_v change_v to_o champain_n land_n dry_v ground_n ere_o while_n now_o moorish_a see_v do_v drown_v and_o fen_n again_o be_v turn_v to_o thirsty_a sand._n her_o fountain_n now_o have_v nature_n open_v their_o shut_v up_o spring_n which_o first_o do_v flow_v amain_o by_o earthquake_n river_n of_o sin_n issue_v or_o dry_v up_o they_o have_v sink_v down_o again_o nor_o in_o one_o place_n perpetual_o to_o tarry_v all_o thing_n in_o every_o age_n for_o ever_o more_o do_v very_a and_o nature_n change_v still_o the_o course_n she_o once_o begin_v and_o will_v herself_o undo_v what_o she_o of_o old_a have_v do_v which_o though_o it_o be_v true_a in_o many_o yet_o those_o great_a one_o of_o indus_n and_o ganges_n and_o danubius_n rhein_n and_o nilus_n be_v littie_n or_o nothing_o vary_v from_o the_o same_o course_n and_o current_n which_o they_o hold_v thousand_o of_o year_n since_o as_o appear_v in_o their_o description_n by_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n but_o above_o all_o methinks_v the_o constant_a rise_n of_o nilus_n continue_v for_o so_o many_o age_n be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a wonder_n in_o the_o world_n which_o be_v so_o precise_a in_o regard_n of_o time_n that_o if_o you_o take_v of_o the_o earth_n adjoin_v of_o the_o river_n and_o preserve_v it_o careful_o that_o it_o come_v neither_o to_o be_v wet_a nor_o waste_v and_o weigh_v it_o daily_o you_o shall_v find_v it_o neither_o more_o nor_o less_o heavy_a till_o the_o seventeen_o of_o june_n at_o which_o day_n it_o begin_v to_o grow_v more_o ponderous_a and_o augment_v with_o the_o augmentation_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o they_o have_v a_o infalible_a knowledge_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o deluge_n this_o mr._n george_n sandys_n report_v and_o alpinus_n a_o physician_n name_v it_o as_o a_o common_a experiment_n whereas_o heretofore_o mention_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o flow_v of_o water_n and_o divers_a other_o motion_n it_o may_v be_v convenient_a to_o add_v hereunto_o the_o say_n and_o write_n of_o the_o most_o expert_a learned_a person_n fredericus_fw-la delphinus_n doctor_n of_o art_n and_o physic_n and_o public_a professor_n of_o the_o mathematical_a science_n in_o milan_n touch_v the_o flow_a and_o reflow_a or_o increase_v or_o decrease_v otherwise_o also_o name_v access_n and_o recess_n that_o be_v coming_z and_o go_v or_o ebb_v and_o flow_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o flow_v and_o reflow_a some_o do_v also_o name_n the_o false_a rest_n or_o quietness_n or_o inordinate_a motion_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o albeit_o divers_a man_n have_v treat_v of_o this_o subject_a yet_o forasmuch_o as_o some_o of_o their_o writing_n be_v somewhat_o too_o dark_a and_o not_o easy_a of_o man_n to_o be_v understand_v i_o have_v think_v necessary_a partly_o out_o of_o their_o write_n and_o partly_o by_o my_o own_o industry_n more_o clear_o and_o large_o to_o treat_v thereof_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v the_o better_o understand_v of_o all_o man_n therefore_o for_o the_o more_o easy_a understanding_n of_o these_o two_o manner_n of_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n follow_v the_o move_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n to_o the_o move_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n the_o first_o movable_a be_v first_o to_o be_v know_v that_o wheresoever_o a_o man_n be_v on_o the_o earth_n his_o horizon_n ever_o cut_v or_o divide_v the_o heaven_n to_o he_o into_o two_o half_n and_o the_o one_o half_a of_o heaven_n be_v ever_o above_o his_o horizon_n and_o the_o other_o half_o beneath_o and_o whereas_o in_o the_o half_a of_o a_o sperical_a or_o round_a body_n be_v contain_v two_o quarter_n two_o shall_v ever_o be_v above_o his_o horizon_n and_o two_o beneath_o those_o that_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n be_v call_v diurnal_a or_o day_n quarter_n and_o they_o that_o be_v under_o the_o horizon_n be_v call_v the_o nocturnal_a or_o night_n quarter_n of_o these_o four_o quarter_n of_o heaven_n be_v two_o of_o which_o be_v make_v the_o flow_a
of_o the_o loadstone_n be_v such_o that_o the_o more_o they_o â—re_n know_v the_o more_o they_o be_v just_o admire_v in_o their_o most_o lively_a express_v that_o infinite_a power_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n who_o create_v so_o precious_a a_o jewel_n for_o the_o profitable_a use_n of_o man_n and_o for_o the_o enlarge_n and_o set_v forth_o of_o his_o lory_n into_o the_o search_n of_o which_o admirable_a and_o secret_a virtue_n myself_o for_o the_o space_n of_o some_o year_n â—ave_n make_v a_o strict_a inquiry_n partly_o by_o read_v of_o other_o man_n write_n and_o partly_o by_o my_o own_o industry_n and_o practise_n whereby_o what_o i_o have_v collect_v and_o find_v his_o little_a treatise_n will_v show_v i_o do_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o wonderful_a property_n of_o â—he_n body_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n call_v the_o magnetical_a virtue_n be_v most_o admirable_o find_v out_o and_o learned_o discourse_v by_o doctor_n gilbert_n physician_n to_o the_o renown_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o happy_a memory_n be_v the_o â—ery_a true_a fountain_n of_o all_o magnetical_a knowledge_n for_o â—ll_o our_o late_a author_n have_v but_o borrow_v from_o this_o countryman_n of_o we_o and_o though_o certain_a property_n â—f_o the_o loadstone_n be_v know_v before_o his_o time_n yet_o all_o â—he_n reason_n of_o those_o property_n be_v altogether_o unknown_a and_o never_o before_o reveal_v as_o i_o take_v it_o to_o the_o â—ons_n of_o man_n and_o although_o as_o yet_o many_o do_v doubt_n and_o mistrust_v the_o earth_n itself_o have_v no_o such_o virtue_n i_o do_v nothing_o wonder_v at_o it_o because_o before_o i_o read_v his_o learned_a work_n and_o have_v try_v many_o of_o his_o experiment_n with_o my_o own_o hand_n and_o have_v confer_v with_o great_a traveller_n and_o peruse_v the_o observation_n of_o our_o chief_a navigator_n both_o for_o the_o variation_n and_o declination_n i_o never_o believe_v it_o myself_o but_o this_o i_o may_v true_o affirm_v that_o search_v with_o diligence_n his_o first_o fine_a book_n and_o make_v trial_n of_o those_o proposition_n which_o i_o judge_v to_o be_v of_o importance_n i_o always_o find_v the_o main_a drift_n touch_v this_o point_n constant_a and_o agreeable_a to_o the_o diligent_a observation_n of_o many_o man_n of_o experience_n although_o in_o some_o other_o matter_n of_o the_o loadstone_n his_o experiment_n and_o i_o do_v sometime_o disagree_v but_o concern_v his_o sixth_o book_n entreat_v of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o think_v there_o be_v no_o man_n live_v further_a from_o believe_v it_o then_o myself_o be_v nothing_o at_o all_o persuade_v thereunto_o by_o reason_n of_o other_o man_n which_o he_o allege_v and_o as_o little_a or_o less_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a by_o those_o his_o invention_n endeavour_v to_o prove_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o earth_n magnetical_a force_n and_o virtue_n amicus_fw-la socrates_n amicus_fw-la plaâ—o_fw-la sed_fw-la magis_fw-la amica_fw-la veritas_fw-la be_v the_o only_a cause_n why_o i_o do_v embrace_v his_o judgement_n in_o the_o one_o and_o refuse_v it_o in_o the_o other_o in_o matter_n of_o this_o nature_n follow_v this_o rule_n nullius_fw-la addictus_fw-la inrare_fw-la in_o verba_fw-la magistri_fw-la reader_n be_v please_v to_o pass_v by_o this_o digressiion_n we_o be_v to_o return_v hearty_a thanks_o to_o god_n who_o have_v reveal_v unto_o the_o weak_a knowledge_n of_o man_n now_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n this_o admirable_a treasure_n before_o unknown_a of_o his_o powerful_a creation_n by_o effect_n so_o plain_a unto_o the_o mean_a capacity_n and_o that_o out_o of_o a_o base_a contemptible_a and_o dead_a a_o creature_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v and_o yet_o fill_v with_o such_o excellent_a wonderful_a virtue_n that_o all_o the_o gem_n of_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o like_a neither_o if_o it_o be_v want_v can_v they_o supply_v the_o want_n thereof_o or_o countervail_v the_o benefit_n that_o it_o bring_v to_o the_o life_n of_o man._n clandian_a a_o famous_a poet_n well_o near_a twelve-hundred_n year_n since_o say_v as_o much_o commendation_n of_o the_o magnet_n when_o as_o yet_o the_o sereditical_a or_o iron_n draw_v property_n be_v only_o know_v lapis_fw-la est_fw-la cognomine_fw-la mâ—gnes_fw-la decolor_fw-la obscurus_fw-la nilis_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o again_o sed_fw-la novasi_fw-la nigri_fw-la videas_fw-la miracula_fw-la suxi_fw-la tuno_n superat_fw-la pulchros_fw-la cultus_fw-la et_fw-la quicquid_fw-la eâ—iâ—_n indus_n littoribus_fw-la rubra_fw-la scrutatur_fw-la in_o alga_n but_o what_o will_v he_o not_o have_v say_v have_v he_o see_v the_o closet_n indeed_o of_o all_o magnetical_a miracle_n unlock_v and_o in_o so_o glorious_a a_o manner_n set_v wide_o open_a as_o now_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n have_v he_o have_v loadstone_n of_o divers_a form_n but_o especial_o round_a one_o also_o such_o versory_a needle_n fit_o frame_v and_o artificial_o place_v upon_o their_o pin_n and_o other_o implement_n as_o be_v prescribe_v wherewith_o be_v furnish_v he_o may_v still_o see_v the_o truth_n of_o they_o in_o thing_n themselves_o for_o these_o skill_n must_v be_v learned_a ex_fw-la rebus_fw-la ipsis_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la ex_fw-la libris_fw-la and_o withal_o there_o be_v several_a figure_n and_o diagram_n which_o can_v be_v understand_v but_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o mathematics_n and_o good_a travel_v in_o the_o magnetical_a practice_n to_o be_v short_a of_o all_o that_o i_o have_v set_v down_o in_o this_o treatise_n my_o request_n be_v that_o the_o reader_n will_v admit_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v confirm_v by_o good_a reason_n or_o undoubted_a experience_n and_o i_o purpose_v god_n willing_a to_o tie_v myself_o as_o strict_o unto_o this_o rule_n as_o ever_o any_o man_n do_v that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o like_a argument_n make_v it_o even_o a_o matter_n of_o conscience_n to_o deliver_v any_o thing_n herein_o for_o certainty_n that_o myself_o shall_v not_o know_v to_o be_v sound_a and_o so_o by_o this_o mean_v i_o shall_v neither_o abuse_v the_o reader_n with_o any_o untrue_a assertion_n nor_o injure_v so_o certain_a and_o so_o excellent_a a_o knowledge_n with_o any_o doubtful_a or_o reprovable_a conclusion_n it_o be_v a_o common_a proverb_n that_o in_o stone_n wood_n and_o herb_n consist_v great_a virtue_n which_o say_v be_v doubtless_o most_o manifest_a by_o the_o daily_a experience_n of_o the_o loadstone_n find_v in_o sundry_a part_n of_o india_n some_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v find_v in_o spain_n by_o one_o name_v heraeleon_n as_o hicander_n say_v where_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o keep_n of_o cattle_n the_o iron_n nail_n of_o his_o shoe_n and_o pike_n of_o his_o staff_n cleave_v fast_o to_o the_o stone_n of_o these_o magnet_n be_v five_o sort_n or_o kind_n as_o soracus_n write_v one_o of_o aetheopiâ—_n another_o of_o macedonia_n a_o three_o in_o echio_n of_o boecia_fw-la the_o four_o at_o troade_n of_o alexandria_n the_o five_o of_o magnesiâ—_n asiae_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o stone_n be_v whether_o it_o be_v male_a or_o female_a the_o next_o difference_n be_v in_o colour_n for_o that_o which_o be_v find_v in_o macedonia_n and_o magnesiae_fw-la iâ—_n ruddish_a and_o black_a and_o of_o female_a kind_n and_o therefore_o without_o virtue_n the_o worst_a of_o magnesia_n asiae_n be_v white_a and_o attract_v not_o iron_n it_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o pumice_n stone_n some_o approve_v those_o for_o the_o best_a which_o be_v blue_a of_o a_o heavenly_a colour_n that_o of_o aethiope_n be_v most_o praise_v and_o as_o pliny_n say_v be_v sell_v for_o the_o weight_n in_o silver_n this_o be_v find_v in_o zimri_n a_o sandy_a region_n of_o aethiopâ—_n where_o be_v also_o find_v haematites_n magnes_n of_o bloody_a colour_n appear_v like_o blood_n if_o it_o be_v ground_n and_o also_o like_o saffron_n which_o in_o draw_v of_o iron_n be_v not_o of_o the_o like_a virtue_n to_o the_o haematites_n magnes_n all_o these_o be_v repute_v good_a medicine_n for_o the_o eye_n each_o of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o portion_n and_o do_v especial_o stay_v the_o epiphorus_n that_o be_v the_o drop_v and_o water_v of_o the_o eye_n and_o also_o be_v burn_v and_o make_v in_o powder_n they_o heal_v burn_n not_o far_o from_o the_o same_o place_n in_o aethiopia_n be_v a_o mountain_n which_o produce_v the_o stone_n call_v theamedes_n which_o put_v from_o it_o and_o refuse_v iron_n i_o have_v often_o prove_v the_o virtue_n and_o power_n of_o the_o loadstone_n by_o the_o needle_n which_o be_v in_o some_o dial_n by_o the_o attraction_n there_o of_o move_v itself_o from_o side_n to_o side_n and_o round_o about_o and_o as_o we_o shall_v hereafter_o more_o full_o show_v although_o the_o stone_n be_v under_o a_o table_n yet_o do_v the_o needle_n be_v above_o the_o table_n natural_o follow_v the_o move_a oâ—_n the_o stone_n it_o be_v therefore_o for_o this_o we_o only_o insert_v by_o the_o bye_n
shall_v be_v move_v the_o golden_a body_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o silver_n with_o silver_n body_n with_o the_o golden_a uneqal_n as_o shall_v be_v declare_v hereafter_o furthermore_o 6_o physic_n cap._n 1._o in_o the_o end_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n through_o all_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o same_o book_n he_o confirm_v the_o same_o but_o in_o the_o four_o he_o say_v thus_o whereas_o every_o thing_n that_o move_v move_v in_o some_o other_o and_o in_o some_o time_n and_o that_o movable_a be_v motion_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o same_z or_o all_o one_o shall_v be_v the_o division_n of_o the_o time_n and_o the_o move_a and_o of_o to_o be_v move_v and_o of_o that_o which_o be_v move_v as_o also_o of_o that_o in_o the_o which_o be_v move_v afterward_o he_o give_v demonstration_n after_o his_o manner_n but_o cap_n 7._o he_o will_v the_o same_o where_o he_o intend_v that_o infinite_a time_n nothing_o may_v pass_v into_o infinite_a greatness_n etc._n etc._n furthermore_o aristotle_n in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr calo_n confirm_v the_o same_o say_v simple_o that_o the_o reason_n or_o consideration_n of_o time_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o reason_n of_o weight_n as_o if_o half_a a_o weight_n be_v move_v in_o this_o time_n the_o double_a be_v move_v in_o the_o half_a of_o this_o etc._n etc._n and_o this_o cap._n 6._o furthermore_o cap._n 8._o of_o the_o same_o book_n he_o say_v the_o fire_n in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v great_a than_o the_o earth_n so_o much_o the_o soon_o and_o swiftly_o it_o come_v to_o its_o rest_a place_n etc._n etc._n also_o in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr calo_n cap._n 8._o he_o say_v thus_o as_o in_o other_o thing_n the_o great_a body_n be_v the_o more_o swift_o move_v by_o his_o proper_a course_n or_o motion_n even_o so_o also_o in_o the_o heavenly_a circle_n and_o again_o cap._n 13._o he_o affirm_v the_o same_o in_o two_o place_n say_v that_o the_o great_a earth_n be_v swiftly_o move_v item_n lib._n de_fw-fr carlo_n cap._n 2._o he_o say_v thus_o if_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n which_o have_v the_o space_n of_o c_o d._n the_o body_n of_o b_o shall_v be_v divide_v all_o b_o in_o the_o same_o time_n shalâ—_n be_v move_v by_o c_o e_z in_o the_o which_o time_n part_n of_o b_o by_z c_z d_o of_o necessity_n wherefore_o it_o follow_v that_o b_o be_v move_v by_o swift_a motion_n than_o part_n of_o b._n afterward_o he_o make_v a_o like_a demonstration_n say_v thus_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o less_o to_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o great_a have_v such_o proportion_n as_o the_o great_a body_n to_o the_o less_o etc._n etc._n again_o in_o his_o 3d._a book_n de_fw-fr carlo_n cap._n 5._o in_o the_o end_n of_o it_o he_o say_v likewise_o that_o so_o much_o the_o more_o every_o thing_n be_v move_v as_o it_o be_v the_o great_a as_o also_o the_o fire_n the_o great_a it_o be_v be_v so_o much_o of_o swift_a motion_n etc._n etc._n he_o confirm_v the_o same_o cap._n 2._o &_o four_o of_o the_o same_o book_n where_o yet_o speak_v more_o clear_o he_o faith_n that_o the_o great_a fire_n rise_v swiftlyeâ—_n upward_o than_o a_o less_o and_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o gold_n or_o lead_n do_v swiftly_o move_v downward_o and_o the_o like_a of_o heavyer_n body_n and_o more_o clear_o can_v no_o man_n gather_v the_o meaning_n of_o aristotle_n vitelio_n in_o his_o second_o book_n of_o perspective_n in_o the_o second_o proposition_n have_v fall_v into_o the_o same_o error_n i_o pretermit_v his_o ignorance_n in_o that_o proposition_n where_o he_o think_v that_o there_o be_v no_o quantity_n insensible_a but_o let_v this_o pass_v with_o other_o error_n the_o which_o at_o another_o time_n shall_v be_v show_v in_o their_o place_n he_o that_o will_v read_v other_o philosopher_n shall_v see_v that_o they_o all_o accord_n with_o the_o mind_n and_o sentence_n of_o aristotle_n who_o also_o in_o divers_a other_o place_n confirm_v the_o same_o but_o to_o have_v rehearse_v these_o principal_a place_n may_v suffice_v and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v now_o come_v to_o the_o demonstration_n this_o propound_a demonstration_n i_o will_v show_v apparent_o that_o it_o may_v the_o better_o be_v understand_v and_o forasmuch_o as_o aristotle_n in_o his_o work_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la aquae_fw-la have_v speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o proportion_n of_o motion_n of_o element_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o he_o have_v not_o yet_o search_v this_o proposition_n for_o there_o be_v the_o proper_a place_n of_o this_o matter_n but_o it_o be_v not_o grant_v to_o any_o one_o man_n to_o know_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o many_o to_o imagine_v the_o supposition_n whereas_o archimedes_n make_v none_o other_o demonstration_n but_o that_o natural_a motion_n be_v not_o cause_v of_o any_o other_o then_o of_o the_o excess_n or_o proceed_n of_o a_o body_n in_o a_o element_n above_o or_o upon_o the_o say_a element_n the_o demonstration_n let_v it_o be_v thus_o understand_v let_v we_o imagine_v for_o example_n two_o body_n of_o water_n of_o which_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o body_n o_o and_o the_o other_o to_o the_o body_n g_o or_o to_o one_o of_o the_o body_n n_o l_o k_n h_n which_o shall_v be_v all_o one_o then_o sixteen_o of_o the_o five_o the_o proportion_n of_o o_o to_o g_z or_o one_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a body_n be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v of_o the_o watery_a equal_a o_o to_o the_o watery_a equal_a g_o by_o the_o proposition_n declare_v before_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o watery_a body_n equal_a o_o the_o heaviness_n of_o the_o watery_a body_n equal_a g_o be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v between_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o self_n same_o body_n but_o we_o must_v understand_v they_o to_o be_v sustain_v or_o weigh_v in_o a_o rare_a or_o thin_a element_n the_o proportion_n thereof_o shall_v be_v the_o same_o which_o shall_v be_v between_o the_o proportion_n of_o body_n d_o and_z g_z by_o the_o eleven_o of_o the_o five_o the_o aforesaid_a proportion_n be_v thereto_o furthermore_o let_v we_o imagine_v the_o heaviness_n of_o body_n o_o and_o g_o so_o the_o other_o gravity_n and_o heaviness_n shall_v be_v those_o which_o shall_v be_v move_v without_o impepiment_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o 7_o of_o archimedes_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la aquae_fw-la and_o whereas_o by_o the_o fifteen_o of_o the_o five_o of_o euclid_n the_o proportion_n of_o these_o heaume_n body_n be_v the_o â—aâ—e_n which_o be_v beetween_n d_o and_z g_z by_o the_o nineteenth_o of_o the_o five_o aforesaid_a the_o resistance_n of_o the_o mean_a or_o middle_a to_o d_o shall_v be_v quadruple_a to_o the_o resistance_n of_o g._n the_o same_o also_o do_v i_o say_v to_o every_o one_o of_o the_o body_n n_o l_o k_n h._n it_o appear_v by_o common_a science_n that_o resistance_n of_o the_o mean_a to_o the_o body_n n_o l_o k_n h_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o which_o be_v to_o the_o body_n d_o but_o be_v the_o same_o to_o which_o g_z by_o the_o first_o conception_n of_o euclid_n furthermore_o if_o there_o be_v two_o body_n all_o of_o one_o figure_n but_o of_o divers_a homogeneite_n or_o substance_n and_o of_o unequal_a corporality_n and_o for_o example_n either_o of_o they_o heavy_a than_o the_o mean_a or_o the_o middle_n in_o the_o which_o they_o be_v move_v and_o that_o also_o the_o lesser_a of_o they_o be_v heavy_a than_o the_o big_a yet_o that_o the_o great_a weigh_n more_o than_o the_o less_o than_o i_o say_v that_o the_o less_o shall_v be_v swift_a in_o motion_n and_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v the_o proportion_n of_o time_n to_o the_o less_o which_o be_v to_o the_o great_a which_o be_v also_o the_o great_a kind_n of_o heaviness_n to_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o less_o take_v away_o so_o much_o heaviness_n from_o both_o as_o be_v the_o half_a of_o every_o of_o they_o let_v it_o be_v for_o example_n two_o body_n m_n and_o n_o of_o the_o same_o form_n and_o divers_a homogeneite_n or_o substance_n and_o the_o same_o also_o to_o be_v unequal_a for_o of_o equal_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n of_o the_o which_o the_o great_a shall_v be_v m_n but_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o body_n n_n to_o be_v heavy_a than_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o body_n m_o put_v the_o case_n also_o that_o the_o body_n m_o be_v heavy_a than_o the_o body_n n_n and_o each_o of_o they_o all_o heavy_a than_o the_o mean_a or_o middle_a body_n by_o which_o they_o move_v then_o will_v i_o show_v the_o proportion_n understand_v first_o a_o five_o j._n to_o be_v equal_a and_o like_a figure_n to_o the_o body_n m_o but_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o the_o body_n n._n let_v we_o imagine_v also_o that_o the_o body_n m_o in_o heaviness_n to_o exceed_v the_o middle_n or_o mean_a in_o double_a proportion_n a_o v._o
join_v b_o c_o by_o a_o line_n then_o by_o 4._o of_o the_o first_o the_o triangle_n b_o h_o c_o shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o triangle_n f_o s_o g_o and_o shall_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o portion_n f_o n_o g_o by_o the_o 17._o of_o archimedes_n de_fw-fr quadratura_fw-la parabolae_fw-la by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o first_o conception_n of_o euclid_n i_o do_v the_o like_a of_o the_o portion_n of_o f_o g_o x_o to_o who_o by_o a_o equal_a triangle_n o_o p_o k_n than_o i_o draw_v p_o qui_fw-fr equal_o distant_a o_o k_o and_o r_n v_n equal_o distant_a o_o p_o by_o 31_o of_o the_o first_o of_o euclid_n then_o by_o 41._o of_o the_o same_o o_fw-fr p_o r_o shall_v be_v half_a of_o the_o superficies_n o_o v._n now_o then_o i_o somewhat_o portrait_n c_o h_n then_z upon_z b_o h_z i_o constitute_v a_o superficial_a of_o equidistant_a side_n have_v a_o angle_n of_o b_o h_o a_o by_o 44._o of_o the_o first_o of_o euclid_n twice_o assumpt_v to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o first_o superficies_n a_o p_o b_o then_o by_o 41._o of_o the_o same_o by_o the_o first_o conception_n of_o the_o trigon_n a_o b_o c_o shall_v be_v equal_a of_o the_o superficies_n f_o g_o n_o x._o grant_v which_o be_v the_o intent_n aristotle_n to_o say_v the_o truth_n be_v a_o excellent_a searcher_n of_o thing_n yet_o i_o will_v not_o say_v as_o some_o say_v which_o have_v never_o read_v the_o the_o work_n of_o aristotle_n or_o understand_v they_o not_o that_o every_o word_n of_o aristotle_n be_v almost_o a_o sentence_n and_o that_o aristotle_n be_v the_o god_n of_o philosopher_n and_o that_o he_o never_o err_v in_o one_o word_n but_o be_v divine_a in_o all_o thing_n such_o miserable_a man_n if_o they_o know_v what_o it_o be_v to_o speak_v with_o demonstration_n and_o what_o by_o experience_n to_o the_o sense_n will_v never_o have_v say_v such_o thing_n for_o sense_n simple_o in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o proper_o sensible_a we_o be_v oftentimes_o deceive_v and_o whereas_o we_o can_v perceive_v the_o deception_n by_o the_o mean_a of_o that_o simple_a sense_n than_o it_o seem_v to_o we_o that_o the_o thing_n can_v be_v and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o very_a deed_n as_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o sense_n as_o for_o example_n who_o be_v he_o that_o think_v not_o a_o reflex_n form_n on_o the_o superficial_a water_n immovable_a to_o be_v see_v of_o the_o same_o greatness_n as_o be_v by_o a_o right_a longitude_n by_o the_o mean_a of_o a_o diaphane_a gather_v of_o a_o radical_a line_n incident_a and_o reflex_n whereas_o this_o be_v false_a by_o g_z d_o of_o the_o 6_o of_o vitellio_n for_o the_o superfity_n of_o the_o water_n be_v spherical_a as_o show_v aristotle_n 2_o de_fw-fr câ—â—lo_n cap._n 4._o but_o better_a archimedes_n in_o the_o second_o proposition_n de_fw-fr subsidentibus_fw-la aquae_fw-la and_o therefore_o when_o any_o star_n appear_v to_o we_o above_o the_o horizon_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o indeed_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o this_o demonstration_n let_v the_o star_n be_v i_o the_o horizon_n r_o a_o t_o the_o earth_n e_o a_o m._n who_o centre_n be_v a_o and_o the_o sight_n g_o the_o vapour_n o_o e_z then_o whereas_o the_o radical_a line_n pass_v from_o any_o rare_a thin_a or_o transparent_a in_o any_o transparent_a of_o more_o thickness_n make_v a_o perpendicular_a by_o the_o 45._o of_o the_o second_o of_o vitellio_n it_o be_v manifest_a therefore_o that_o the_o star_n i_o to_o be_v see_v by_o the_o line_n i_o d_o e_o which_o line_n shall_v be_v crooked_a because_o that_o simple_a air_n be_v thin_a than_o vapour_n and_o fire_n thin_a than_o air._n also_o the_o matter_n or_o substance_n of_o heaven_n be_v thin_a than_o fire_n by_o the_o 50._o of_o the_o 10_o of_o vitellio_n furthermore_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v thin_a than_o the_o low_a part_n the_o same_o i_o say_v also_o of_o water_n and_o fire_n if_o we_o may_v call_v fire_n the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o body_n and_o near_o unto_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o of_o every_o superior_a part_n of_o element_n and_o so_o the_o star_n by_o the_o line_n d_o e_o seem_v to_o be_v above_o the_o horizon_n in_o the_o point_n v._o but_o vitellio_n also_o in_o his_o 10_o book_n in_o the_o proposition_n 49._o teach_v perspective_o and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v instrumental_o prove_v how_o the_o star_n may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o horizon_n without_o their_o proper_a place_n by_o reason_n of_o incurnation_n or_o crooking_a of_o the_o beam_n whereof_o it_o follow_v that_o they_o do_v not_o mathematical_o define_v the_o horizon_n which_o say_v it_o be_v the_o terminer_n or_o ender_n of_o the_o sight_n and_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n of_o the_o sphere_n whereas_o by_o the_o demonstration_n before_o the_o circle_n end_v of_o the_o sight_n be_v cut_v the_o sphere_n in_o two_o unequal_a portion_n and_o that_o the_o high_a portion_n be_v great_a than_o the_o low_a for_o if_o the_o horizon_n be_v the_o end_a of_o the_o sight_n and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n than_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o equal_o about_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_n of_o the_o world_n or_o else_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o world_n be_v without_o the_o earth_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n do_v equal_o compass_v about_o the_o middle_n ergo_fw-la the_o end_a of_o the_o sight_n be_v not_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o sphere_n or_o contrarity_n therefore_o if_o we_o shall_v see_v any_o star_n above_o the_o end_a of_o the_o sight_n we_o shall_v not_o therefore_o think_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o twelve_o station_n of_o heaven_n this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o reasonable_a manner_n for_o the_o virtue_n of_o the_o star_n appear_v chief_o in_o the_o great_a circle_n who_o pole_n be_v zenith_n pass_v by_o the_o 90_o degree_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a from_o the_o intersection_n or_o divide_v of_o the_o same_o with_o the_o meridian_n towards_o the_o east_n furthermore_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o end_a of_o the_o sight_n and_o the_o great_a circle_n be_v not_o only_o one_o diameter_n of_o the_o star_n but_o of_o degree_n which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o we_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n use_v the_o proposition_n 49_o of_o vitellio_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o small_a error_n of_o they_o that_o say_v that_o the_o horizon_n be_v the_o end_a of_o the_o fight_n and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o sphere_n and_o that_o ever_o the_o middle_n of_o heaven_n appear_v unto_o we_o for_o evermore_o then_o half_o appear_v unto_o we_o for_o the_o incurvation_n or_o crooking_a of_o the_o beam_n but_o he_o that_o will_v see_v more_o example_n of_o these_o thing_n let_v he_o read_v the_o four_o book_n of_o vitellio_n and_o the_o ten_o and_o in_o some_o part_v the_o second_o and_o 5_o of_o the_o same_o in_o all_o of_o which_o he_o shall_v see_v somewhat_o how_o easy_o we_o may_v be_v deceive_v by_o this_o sense_n but_o the_o like_a of_o other_o sense_n be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v therefore_o not_o without_o weak_a and_o slender_a judgement_n they_o call_v aristotle_n so_o divine_a a_o prince_n of_o philosophy_n and_o divine_a peter_n arch_n do_v very_o wise_o give_v commendation_n to_o aristotle_n proportional_o and_o no_o further_o but_o only_o to_o god_n forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v humane_a to_o err_v aristotle_n also_o may_v sometime_o fail_v we_o have_v thus_o thorough_o discourse_v of_o proportion_n local_a we_o shall_v now_o next_o fall_v upon_o the_o swift_a motion_n by_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n which_o will_v occasion_v we_o to_o traverse_v many_o rare_a mathematical_a secret_n this_o most_o swift_a motion_n to_o the_o common_a sort_n of_o man_n seem_v incredible_a for_o that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v do_v by_o sail_v in_o a_o ship_n or_o other_o vessel_n against_o whatsoever_o course_n of_o any_o outrageous_a flood_n or_o river_n and_o against_o the_o most_o furious_a wind_n whatsoever_o they_o be_v even_o also_o in_o the_o deep_a winter_n and_o great_a surge_n of_o water_n neither_o be_v it_o strange_a if_o it_o be_v incredible_a to_o the_o unexpert_a for_o the_o common_a people_n count_v that_o for_o a_o miracle_n which_o the_o expert_a mathematician_n know_v to_o be_v natural_a and_o easy_a for_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v propound_v to_o the_o ignorant_a people_n that_o any_o man_n may_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n and_o flood_n descend_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o river_n rhine_n his_o apparel_n remain_v dry_a and_o no_o part_n of_o body_n wet_a and_o also_o to_o bring_v with_o he_o burn_v fire_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n it_o shall_v seem_v to_o they_o to_o be_v ridiculous_a and_o a_o impossibility_n which_o nevertheless_o in_o the_o year_n 1538._o in_o toleto_n a_o city_n