essay_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_a body_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o london_n print_v by_o w._n godbid_v for_o william_n shrewsbury_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o bible_n in_o duck-lane_n 1673._o the_o content_n chap._n i._n the_o introduction_n pag._n 1_o chap._n ii_o of_o gravity_n and_o gravitation_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o latter_a pag._n 9_o chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n and_o there_o part_n pag._n 13_o chap._n iu_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n in_o contiguity_n and_o not_o in_o continuity_n pag._n 19_o chap._n v._o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o first_o of_o the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n pag._n 30_o chap._n vi_o concern_v the_o reason_n assign_v by_o other_o for_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_a water_n upon_o subject_v body_n pag._n 37_o chap._n vii_o concern_v the_o most_o probable_a solution_n of_o the_o phaenomenon_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n in_o its_o fluid_a consistence_n pag._n 48_o chap._n viii_o the_o second_o and_o principal_a reason_n of_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o water_n upon_o itself_o or_o a_o subject_v animal_n or_o other_o body_n pag._n 58_o chap._n ix_o certain_a consequence_n or_o consectary_n draw_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o say_v pag._n 78_o chap._n x._o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o air_n pag._n 83_o concern_v gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n chap._n i._n the_o introduction_n i_o have_v consider_v the_o noble_a problem_n touch_v the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_n upon_o the_o body_n subject_v to_o they_o and_o of_o those_o several_a solution_n and_o supposition_n touch_v the_o same_o give_v by_o the_o great_a wit_n of_o latter_a age_n which_o i_o shall_v in_o their_o due_a place_n more_o particular_o examine_v and_o i_o must_v needs_o commend_v the_o industry_n of_o this_o latter_a age_n in_o the_o invent_v and_o exhibit_v of_o very_a choice_n experiment_n as_o in_o relation_n to_o some_o other_o philosophical_a essay_n so_o in_o particular_a touch_v this_o phenomenon_n of_o the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluids_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v further_o add_v that_o though_o their_o experiment_n herein_o have_v be_v search_v out_o and_o form_v with_o great_a ingenuity_n industry_n curiosity_n and_o expense_n yet_o their_o solution_n of_o they_o and_o the_o supposition_n and_o reason_n whereunto_o they_o have_v reduce_v they_o have_v be_v in_o my_o understanding_n very_o unsatisfactory_a and_o inevident_a if_o not_o whole_o untrue_a and_o inexplicable_a and_o the_o reason_n hereof_o seem_v to_o be_v principal_o these_o viz._n 1._o that_o man_n have_v preingaged_n themselves_o and_o their_o judgement_n in_o the_o assertion_n and_o maintenance_n of_o certain_a preconceive_a hypothesis_n and_o principle_n which_o they_o have_v invent_v and_o be_v therefore_o extreme_o addict_v to_o and_o unwilling_a to_o hear_v or_o receive_v any_o thing_n that_o may_v render_v their_o labour_n herein_o vain_a and_o fruitless_a and_o upon_o that_o account_n have_v not_o without_o much_o partiality_n misapply_v and_o misappropriate_v their_o experiment_n and_o the_o solution_n of_o they_o in_o favour_n of_o such_o hypothesis_n as_o they_o have_v once_o invent_v or_o entertain_v and_o with_o too_o much_o prejudice_n reject_v any_o other_o solution_n that_o may_v either_o overthrow_n or_o at_o least_o not_o gratify_v such_o preconceive_a supposition_n 2._o that_o man_n have_v not_o strict_o enough_o consider_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o gravitation_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o 3._o that_o they_o have_v not_o enough_o take_v into_o consideration_n those_o several_a accidental_a as_o i_o may_v call_v they_o intervention_n that_o abate_v impede_fw-la advance_v or_o direct_v the_o gravitation_n of_o body_n though_o in_o themselves_o heavy_a and_o tend_v to_o the_o centre_n i_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o make_v a_o full_a tract_n concern_v gravity_n or_o gravitation_n those_o that_o mind_n to_o trouble_v themselves_o therein_o may_v at_o their_o leisure_n consult_v those_o excellent_a man_n that_o have_v write_v at_o large_a of_o this_o subject_n as_o archimedes_n de_fw-fr insidentibus_fw-la humido_fw-la mersenius_n and_o stevinus_n their_o hydrostaticks_n and_o although_o i_o can_v subscribe_v to_o all_o that_o the_o two_o latter_a have_v write_v in_o this_o subject_n yet_o i_o must_v needs_o say_v that_o i_o think_v little_a of_o moment_n have_v be_v add_v to_o their_o principle_n and_o demonstration_n by_o late_a writer_n only_o some_o new_a experiment_n have_v be_v add_v by_o late_a writer_n bottom_v upon_o the_o doctrine_n and_o experiment_n of_o these_o ancient_n i_o shall_v therefore_o direct_v all_o i_o have_v to_o say_v principal_o to_o this_o one_o matter_n or_o point_n namely_o the_o gravitation_n or_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o the_o degree_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n and_o though_o it_o may_v possible_o happen_v that_o what_o i_o say_v herein_o may_v as_o little_o satisfy_v other_o as_o their_o supposition_n have_v satisfy_v i_o and_o though_o my_o explication_n of_o my_o thought_n herein_o and_o the_o application_n of_o my_o experiment_n thereunto_o may_v not_o be_v so_o clear_a and_o well_o word_v as_o other_o of_o this_o subject_n have_v be_v yet_o i_o have_v this_o apology_n for_o these_o defect_n 1._o that_o what_o i_o now_o write_v though_o it_o have_v be_v long_o upon_o my_o thought_n be_v write_v raptim_fw-la and_o hasty_o 2._o that_o i_o do_v not_o know_v that_o the_o path_n i_o walk_v herein_o be_v ever_o before_o tread_v by_o any_o else_o 3._o it_o be_v but_o a_o essay_n and_o take_v not_o up_o many_o hour_n in_o writing_n and_o will_v take_v up_o much_o less_o in_o read_v thereof_o and_o this_o i_o premise_v not_o to_o arrogate_v singularity_n to_o myself_o or_o to_o please_v myself_o in_o be_v the_o first_o inventor_n of_o this_o explication_n for_o possible_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o it_o may_v bescarce_o worth_a the_o own_n when_o well_o examine_v by_o better_a judgement_n and_o possible_o i_o myself_o may_v retract_v some_o thing_n in_o it_o upon_o better_a reason_n discover_v yea_o and_o possible_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o some_o other_o have_v have_v a_o more_o early_a conception_n of_o it_o than_o myself_o and_o may_v have_v dress_v it_o in_o better_a order_n and_o indeed_o it_o will_v be_v some_o confirmation_n to_o i_o if_o it_o be_v so_o though_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o know_v or_o hear_v of_o any_o such_o anticipation_n i_o have_v see_v many_o man_n very_o confident_a in_o the_o supposition_n which_o they_o have_v find_v out_o and_o yet_o upon_o on_o full_a examination_n their_o mistake_n have_v be_v discover_v and_o although_o i_o think_v that_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o true_a supposition_n yet_o i_o will_v not_o be_v over-confident_a of_o they_o for_o i_o may_v be_v over_o partial_a to_o myself_o as_o i_o find_v other_o be_v to_o themselves_o and_o their_o supposition_n and_o it_o be_v not_o the_o confidence_n of_o the_o author_n but_o the_o evidence_n of_o reason_n that_o prevail_v with_o sober_a man_n and_o therefore_o i_o do_v propound_v they_o but_o as_o essay_n and_o submit_v they_o to_o further_a examination_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o i_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o public_a view_n be_v that_o better_a judgement_n than_o my_o own_o may_v consider_v it_o and_o though_o possible_o they_o may_v not_o in_o all_o thing_n approve_v it_o or_o the_o manner_n of_o its_o explication_n yet_o they_o may_v by_o this_o opportunity_n either_o improve_v it_o if_o they_o allow_v it_o or_o make_v some_o useful_a superstruction_n upon_o it_o for_o the_o far_a discovery_n very_o of_o this_o noble_a problem_n as_o arithmetician_n do_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o false_a position_n make_v true_a conclusion_n or_o at_o least_o may_v desert_v the_o vanity_n of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o opinion_n former_o offer_v touch_v the_o solution_n of_o this_o quaesitum_fw-la and_o offer_v better_o chap._n ii_o of_o gravity_n and_o gravitation_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o latter_a gravity_n if_o self_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o intrinsecal_n quality_n of_o body_n whereby_o they_o tend_v down_o ward_n to_o or_o to_o ward_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o be_o not_o here_o to_o trouble_v myself_o with_o these_o philosophical_a question_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o other_o centre_n of_o gravity_n than_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o weighty_a body_n nor_o what_o be_v the_o prime_a cause_n of_o descent_n of_o heavy_a body_n whether_o any_o magnetical_a quality_n in_o the_o earth_n or_o any_o forcible_a extrinsical_a impression_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n or_o heavenly_a body_n or_o that_o circumpulsion_n of_o other_o body_n that_o some_o have_v imagine_v or_o any_o intrinsic_a form_n of_o the_o heavy_a body_n themselves_o
which_o be_v analogical_a to_o a_o vital_a principle_n exert_v this_o power_n but_o it_o serve_v my_o turn_n at_o this_o time_n to_o call_v it_o a_o intrinsic_a quality_n of_o heavy_a body_n gravitation_n be_v either_o motion_n itself_o or_o the_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la admotum_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o according_a to_o that_o linea_fw-la directionis_fw-la whereby_o or_o according_a to_o which_o the_o motion_n of_o body_n be_v direct_v not_o improper_a to_o say_v that_o according_a to_o that_o line_n of_o direction_n these_o body_n do_v gravitare_fw-la and_o although_o ordinary_o the_o line_n of_o direction_n of_o heavy_a body_n natural_o be_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a descent_n which_o be_v the_o ordinary_a motion_n of_o gravitation_n and_o be_v great_a or_o lesser_a according_a to_o the_o strength_n weakness_n or_o allay_v of_o this_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v not_o altogether_o incongruous_a to_o say_v that_o every_o thing_n that_o have_v a_o nisus_fw-la or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la do_v in_o some_o sort_n gravitate_fw-la according_a to_o the_o degree_n and_o line_n of_o such_o direction_n and_o thus_o fluid_v though_o the_o primitive_a line_n of_o the_o direction_n of_o their_o gravitation_n may_v be_v perpendicular_a yet_o fluid_n have_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o natural_a direction_n or_o gravitation_n otherways_o and_o some_o fluid_n may_v have_v a_o accidental_a gravitation_n otherways_o for_o instance_n water_n though_o it_o have_v its_o primitive_a line_n of_o direction_n of_o its_o motion_n downward_o to_o the_o centre_n yet_o it_o have_v line_n of_o direction_n of_o its_o motion_n otherways_o as_o lateral_o or_o per_fw-la declive_a and_o in_o some_o instance_n per_fw-la ascensum_fw-la whereof_o hereafter_o and_o consequent_o gravitates_fw-la every_o of_o those_o way_n for_o as_o i_o say_v before_o gravitation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o motion_n or_o at_o lest_o conatus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o real_a incongruity_n to_o say_v that_o fire_n or_o gunpowder_n do_v gravitate_fw-la in_o its_o line_n of_o ascension_n or_o expansion_n that_o the_o bullet_n when_o shoot_v upright_o do_v gravitate_fw-la ascendendo_fw-la when_o it_o be_v shoot_v level_v it_o gravitates_fw-la horizontal_o as_o long_o as_o that_o force_n prevail_v against_o its_o natural_a motion_n of_o descent_n for_o as_o to_o this_o purpose_n gravitation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o motus_fw-la or_o nisus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la secundum_fw-la in_o line_n be_fw-mi directionis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o when_o a_o weight_n of_o 10_o or_o 20l._n be_v in_o the_o scale_n a_o and_o nothing_o in_o the_o scale_n b_o a_o percussion_n with_o a_o hand_n or_o hammer_n in_o the_o scale_n b_o that_o move_v the_o scale_n a_o with_o its_o weight_n from_o the_o horizontal_n plane_n wherein_o it_o stand_v be_v true_o say_v praegravitare_fw-la to_o the_o weight_n and_o scale_n at_o a._n chap._n iii_o concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n and_o their_o part_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o every_o solid_a body_n separate_v from_o the_o earth_n have_v a_o actual_a pressure_n or_o gravitation_n or_o conatus_fw-la ad_fw-la motum_fw-la towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o its_o proper_a line_n of_o direction_n i_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n of_o the_o body_n themselves_o de_fw-la quo_fw-la vide_fw-la sis_fw-la galdinum_n gondicburldum_n &_o stephinum_fw-la yea_o if_o a_o body_n be_v a_o fluid_a body_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v sever_v from_o a_o body_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n by_o a_o vessel_n contain_v it_o this_o fluid_a body_n in_o this_o consistency_n obtain_v the_o natural_a rule_n and_o reason_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n consist_v of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o vessel_n contain_v it_o as_o for_o instance_n water_n in_o a_o pail_n or_o bucket_n as_o so_o state_v have_v in_o it_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o gravitation_n thereof_o be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o centre_n which_o be_v its_o proper_a line_n of_o direction_n and_o so_o air_n include_v in_o a_o bladder_n though_o it_o swim_v in_o water_n yet_o do_v gravitate_fw-la in_o some_o measure_n as_o other_o solid_a body_n do_v and_o descend_v natural_o to_o this_o centre_n yea_o a_o portion_n of_o water_n by_o itself_o be_v pour_v out_o of_o a_o vessel_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n or_o steeple_n have_v its_o line_n of_o direction_n through_o the_o air_n to_o the_o centre_n and_o will_v follow_v and_o gravitate_fw-la in_o that_o line_n of_o perpendicular_a descent_n for_o though_o it_o be_v a_o fluid_a body_n in_o itself_o yet_o relative_o to_o the_o air_n be_v a_o light_a body_n through_o which_o it_o move_v it_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o yet_o in_o a_o great_a descent_n the_o acceleration_n of_o its_o motion_n and_o the_o renitence_n of_o the_o air_n will_v break_v it_o into_o drop_n or_o dew_n before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o a_o great_a descent_n but_o though_o solid_a body_n do_v actual_o gravitate_fw-la yet_o if_o they_o be_v continue_v the_o part_n thereof_o do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la one_o upon_o another_o because_o mutual_o and_o mechanical_o sustain_v one_o by_o another_o and_o in_o a_o state_n of_o continuity_n as_o a_o bowl_n of_o ebony_n that_o may_v weigh_v 10l_n yet_o the_o upper_a part_n or_o quarter_n thereof_o while_o in_o continuity_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o low_a for_o if_o a_o hole_n be_v bore_v through_o the_o bowl_n yet_o the_o upper_a part_n thereof_o will_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o the_o cavity_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o give_v and_o therefore_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v not_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o its_o own_o centre_n because_o though_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o be_v perchance_o not_o simple_o continue_v as_o a_o stone_n or_o piece_n of_o wood_n yet_o partly_o by_o their_o mutual_a compression_n one_o to_o another_o and_o partly_o by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o cement_n of_o water_n they_o be_v quasi_fw-la unum_fw-la continuum_fw-la again_o if_o we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a solid_a invert_v cones_n or_o pyramid_n and_o that_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o lesser_a globe_n of_o soft_a wax_n or_o quicksilver_n or_o other_o soft_a matter_n suppose_v a_o mile_n in_o diameter_n and_o that_o each_o cone_n or_o pyramid_n have_v a_o part_n of_o the_o acute_a end_n cut_v off_o to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o this_o globe_n of_o wax_n yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o they_o shall_v press_v or_o gravitate_fw-la upon_o that_o globe_n of_o wax_n because_o they_o will_v be_v each_o support_v one_o by_o another_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a figure_n a_o the_o globe_n of_o wax_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n b_o the_o earth_n c_o c_o c_o the_o several_a divide_v invert_v cones_n for_o the_o upper_a base_n of_o every_o cone_n be_v large_a than_o the_o acute_a part_n thereof_o every_o cone_n will_v be_v support_v by_o his_o fellow_n without_o any_o gravitation_n upon_o the_o clobe_n as_o a._n yea_o and_o it_o will_v fall_v out_o to_o be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n though_o we_o shall_v suppose_v that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o some_o have_v suppose_v to_o be_v 7000_o miles_n diameter_n shall_v be_v but_o 1000_o mile_n in_o earth_n and_o the_o other_o 6000_o mile_n to_o be_v a_o globe_n of_o water_n or_o some_o fluid_a body_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o give_v and_o this_o by_o the_o way_n may_v show_v the_o mistake_n of_o their_o supposition_n that_o think_v the_o impendent_a column_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v seven_o mile_n high_a be_v a_o bare_a column_n commensurate_a in_o its_o top_n and_o bottom_n for_o it_o can_v be_v so_o but_o at_o the_o most_o be_v a_o invert_v cone_n or_o pyramid_n considerable_o wide_o at_o seven_o miles_n distance_n than_o it_o be_v at_o the_o earth_n which_o if_o consider_v will_v trouble_v their_o explication_n of_o the_o torricellian_a experiment_n upon_o a_o account_n of_o the_o actual_a gravitation_n of_o a_o column_n of_o air._n chap._n iu._n concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o solid_a body_n in_o contiguity_n and_o not_o in_o continuity_n the_o law_n of_o statiques_n do_v infallible_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o weight_n a_o incumbent_n upon_o the_o staff_n b_o which_o at_o both_o extremity_n be_v support_v by_o c_o and_o d_o that_z c_z bear_v but_o one_o half_a of_o the_o weight_n a_o and_o d_o the_o other_o half_a and_o consequent_o if_o there_o be_v another_o staff_n set_v on_o cross_n from_o e_o to_o f_o of_o the_o same_o length_n each_o supporter_n will_v bear_v but_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o weight_n this_o be_v premise_v
it_o i_o find_v my_o beetle_n as_o lively_a as_o before_o yet_o a_o weight_n of_o lead_n in_o one_o solid_a body_n commensurate_a to_o the_o base_a of_o the_o beetle_n will_v have_v crush_v he_o to_o piece_n so_o that_o the_o non-gravitation_a of_o these_o sinall_z body_n of_o sand_n granner_n and_o shot_n may_v sufficient_o prepare_v our_o mind_n to_o apprehend_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o non-gravitation_a of_o fluids_n which_o though_o fluid_a yet_o be_v not_o disjoin_v as_o in_o those_o former_a instance_n but_o a_o continue_a body_n and_o therefore_o the_o upper_a particle_n thereof_o more_o capable_a of_o support_n from_o those_o subject_v particle_n chap._n v._n concern_v the_o gravitation_n of_o fluid_n upon_o subject_v body_n and_o first_o of_o the_o gravitation_n of_o water_n some_o thing_n must_v be_v premise_v before_o i_o come_v to_o the_o main_a matter_n lintend_v herein_o 1._o that_o it_o be_v certain_a water_n have_v a_o intrinsical_v gravity_n of_o its_o own_o as_o 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