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_n 4_o â
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in_o the_o sky_n near_o where_o the_o bright_a bear_n shine_v which_o from_o heaven_n top_n on_o all_o the_o star_n look_v down_o nor_o know_v to_o seââ¦_n but_o place_v on_o the_o world_n crown_n though_o different_o whirl_v round_o the_o star_n and_o sky_n stretch_v through_o thin_a air_n the_o sacrobosc_n subtle_a axis_n lie_v pole_n who_o distant_a pole_n the_o balance_v fabric_n hold_v round_o this_o the_o star-imbellished_a orb_n be_v roll_v whilst_o yet_o itself_o unmoved_a through_o empty_a air_n and_o the_o earth_n globe_n extend_v to_o either_o bear_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o describe_v solid_a substance_n or_o oppress_v with_o weight_n though_o the_o world_n about_o weight_n upon_o it_o rest_n but_o as_o the_o air_n move_v in_o a_o circle_n go_v and_o on_o itself_o whence_o first_o it_o flow_v reflow_v what_o ever_o that_o be_v which_o still_o the_o midst_n do_v hold_v about_o which_o it_o self_n unmoved_a all_o else_o be_v roll_v so_o subtle_a it_o can_v no_o way_n be_v 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of_o wine_n and_o april_n centaur_n next_o in_o a_o mix_v shape_n do_v shine_v half_a man_n half_a horse_n then_o heaven_n bright_a temple_n see_v and_o horizon_n altar_n consecrate_v to_o victory_n altar_n what_o time_n the_o enrage_a earth_n a_o giant_n race_n against_o heaven_n produce_v than_o god_n beseech_v the_o grace_n of_o the_o regnator_fw-la great_a god_n and_o jove_n himself_o ferunt_fw-la himself_o so_o claudian_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la getico_n ipsumque_fw-la jupiter_fw-la turbante_fw-la typhoeo_n sifas_fw-la est_fw-la timuisse_fw-la ferunt_fw-la fear_v too_o he_o want_v power_n to_o do_v what_o he_o can_v do_v when_o he_o amaze_v the_o rise_a earth_n behold_v how_o even_o against_o nature_n self_n nature_n rebel_v see_v mountain_n heap_v on_o mountain_n to_o aspire_v and_o star_n from_o the_o approach_a hill_n retire_v charge_v with_o dire_a arm_n by_o a_o rock_n a_o applicable_a to_o this_o place_n may_v seem_v this_o not_o common_a and_o not_o unelegant_a description_n 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fontibus_fw-la oppidis_fw-la levati_fw-la viââ¦rantium_n spatiââ¦siorum_fw-la dextrâ_fw-la of_o the_o earthborn_a race_n be_v not_o our_o song_n who_o by_o mix_v poison_n grow_v more_o strong_a their_o limb_n immeasurable_o vast_a about_o who_o leg_n wreathe_v
according_a to_o who_o opinion_n 520._o at_o the_o expiration_n of_o every_o nine_o year_n the_o new_a moon_n return_v again_o at_o the_o same_o hour_n unto_o the_o same_o point_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o which_o it_o be_v nine_o year_n before_o but_o this_o cycle_n prove_v erroneous_a be_v afterward_o correct_v by_o meââ¦on_n ãâ¦ã_z pythagoras_n the_o samian_n travel_v into_o egypt_n and_o chaldaea_n to_o improve_v 5ââ¦9_n himself_o in_o the_o study_n of_o philosophy_n and_o astronomy_n he_o first_o discover_v that_o lucifer_n and_o hesperus_n believe_v before_o to_o be_v two_o several_a star_n be_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v the_o planet_n venus_n the_o invention_n of_o the_o zodiack_n obliquity_n be_v likewise_o ascribe_v to_o he_o he_o first_o give_v to_o the_o world_n the_o name_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d from_o the_o order_n and_o beauty_n of_o all_o thing_n comprehend_v in_o it_o assert_v the_o same_o to_o be_v make_v according_a to_o musical_a proportion_n and_o the_o seven_o planet_n to_o have_v a_o harmonious_a motion_n and_o interval_n correspondent_a to_o musical_a diasteme_n he_o hold_v the_o sun_n by_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n term_v the_o fiery_a globe_n of_o unity_n to_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o the_o earth_n to_o move_v about_o it_o alcmaeon_n of_o crotona_n son_n of_o perithus_n disciple_n to_o pythagoras_n a_o physician_n 490._o and_o physiologist_n assert_v that_o the_o planet_n hold_v a_o opposite_a course_n to_o that_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o plutarch_n affirm_v plac._n philosoph_n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o anaxagoras_n clazomenius_fw-la disciple_n to_o anaximenes_n hold_v 480._o the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o dark_a body_n enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o be_v habitable_a have_v plain_n hill_n and_o water_n as_o the_o earth_n have_v democritus_n of_o abdera_n disciple_n to_o anaxagoras_n &_o leucippus_n write_v 470._o of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o moon_n and_o the_o other_o planet_n of_o the_o annus_fw-la magnus_fw-la and_o astronomical_a prognostic_n of_o which_o pliny_n hist._n nat._n lib._n 18._o cap._n 35._o and_o the_o scholiast_n upon_o apollonii_fw-la argon_fw-la lib._n 2._o cite_v he_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d laertius_n mention_n his_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d sive_fw-la ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d his_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d and_o ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d empedocles_n who_o study_v under_o parmenides_n pythagoras_n &_o anaxagoras_n 470._o write_v beside_o his_o other_o piece_n of_o philosophy_n of_o the_o sphere_n in_o verse_n yet_o extant_a though_o the_o same_o by_o some_o be_v ascribe_v not_o to_o he_o but_o to_o demetrius_n triclinius_n timaeus_n locrus_n a_o pythagorean_n philosopher_n write_v the_o naturâ_fw-la munââ¦_n 450._o from_o which_o piece_n plato_n borrow_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o dialogue_n entitle_v ãâã_d in_o the_o beginning_n whereof_o he_o commend_v timaeus_n as_o most_o know_v and_o ãâã_d astronomy_n meton_n a_o athenian_a astronomer_n observe_v with_o euctemon_n the_o solstice_n 432._o and_o instead_o of_o cleostratus_n octaeteris_fw-la introduce_v a_o novendecennial_a cycle_n call_v meton_n cycle_n or_o the_o golden_a number_n hippocrates_n write_v of_o judge_v of_o disease_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o astronomy_n 432._o which_o by_o gesner_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v publish_v by_o joannes_n ganivettus_fw-la at_o lion_n in_o the_o year_n 1508._o a_o imperfect_a ms._n copy_n whereof_o be_v now_o extant_a in_o gonvil_n and_o caius_n college_n in_o cambridge_n euctemon_n observe_v at_o athens_n the_o solstice_n 108_o year_n before_o the_o death_n 432._o of_o alexander_n the_o great_a see_v more_o of_o he_o in_o pliny_n hist._n lib._n 18._o philolaus_n of_o croton_n a_o pythagorean_n philosopher_n maintain_v the_o opinion_n 430._o of_o the_o earth_n motion_n about_o the_o sun_n of_o which_o sentiment_n be_v likewise_o seleucus_n cleanthes_n samius_n leucippus_n and_o ecphantus_n as_o also_o heraclides_fw-la ponticus_n who_o write_v as_o we_o find_v it_o cite_v by_o 430._o chalcidius_n in_o timaeum_n of_o the_o planetary_a sphere_n or_o circle_n conceive_v by_o mââ¦ursius_n christum_fw-la to_o be_v that_o piece_n of_o he_o which_o bear_v the_o title_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d which_o he_o inscribe_v to_o democritus_n as_o laertius_n affirm_v in_o his_o life_n there_o be_v also_o another_o ãâã_d mention_v by_o the_o same_o laertius_n who_o write_v de_fw-fr astrologia_n plato_n the_o divine_a athenian_a philosopher_n travel_v into_o egypt_n under_o prââ¦tence_n 420._o of_o sell_v oil_n but_o indeed_o to_o fetch_v from_o thence_o a_o far_o more_o noble_a merchandise_n astronomy_n inform_v himself_o by_o their_o priest_n of_o the_o celestial_a motion_n and_o have_v in_o his_o timaeus_n epinomis_n and_o other_o his_o dialogue_n leave_v sufficient_a testimony_n of_o his_o improve_a knowledge_n treat_v therein_o of_o several_a part_n of_o astronomy_n and_o 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ac_fw-la terrae_fw-la numeróque_fw-la carentis_fw-la arenae_n mensorem_fw-la he_o write_v several_a work_n though_o none_o of_o they_o have_v be_v so_o happy_a as_o to_o escape_v the_o injury_n of_o time_n both_o physical_a moral_a and_o mathematical_a particular_o to_o instance_n only_o what_o be_v pertinent_a to_o our_o subject_n a_o tractate_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d de_fw-fr universo_fw-it cite_v by_o simplicius_n in_o aristot._n categ_n as_o note_v by_o meursius_n in_o hesych_n de_fw-fr viris_fw-la illustribus_fw-la helicon_n cyzicenus_n a_o familiar_a friend_n of_o plato_n and_o a_o eminent_a 404._o astronomer_n who_o have_v foretell_v to_o dionysius_n the_o tyrant_n a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o happen_v at_o athens_n 3_o 0_o sept._n feria_fw-la 6_o ta_fw-la hora_fw-la 9_o ¼_n post_fw-la mediam_fw-la noctem_fw-la be_v for_o that_o reward_v by_o he_o with_o a_o talon_n of_o silver_n philosophus_fw-la one_o of_o plato_n disciple_n so_o call_v by_o his_o proper_a 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ecliptic_a as_o if_o they_o be_v so_o many_o stud_n of_o gold_n fix_v in_o the_o crystal_n firmament_n as_o empedocles_n and_o anaximenes_n according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o plutarch_n de_fw-fr placit_fw-la philosoph_n l._n ââ¦_n c._n 13._o hold_v hence_o the_o sphere_n wherein_o they_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v range_v be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d i._n e._n inerrans_fw-la in_o regard_n of_o the_o unalterable_a order_n observe_v in_o their_o interval_n or_o interstitia_fw-la and_o for_o this_o reason_n chief_o ricciolus_n conceive_v the_o multitude_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o it_o be_v a_o army_n draw_v up_o in_o battle_n array_n may_v be_v call_v the_o militia_n of_o heaven_n the_o particular_n to_o which_o we_o shall_v confine_v our_o inquiry_n touch_v these_o glorious_a and_o splendid_a body_n shall_v be_v these_o follow_v first_o their_o substance_n second_o their_o light_n colour_n and_o scintillation_n three_o their_o number_n four_o their_o figure_n five_o their_o magnitude_n six_o their_o place_n and_o distance_n from_o the_o earth_n or_o rather_o the_o sun_n as_o to_o their_o substance_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v various_a zoroaster_n maintain_v the_o star_n to_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n thales_n hold_v they_o to_o be_v earthly_a yet_o withal_o fiery_a empedocles_n maintain_v they_o to_o be_v fiery_a and_o to_o consist_v of_o that_o fire_n which_o the_o aether_n contain_v in_o itself_o strike_v forth_o in_o its_o first_o secretion_n anaxagoras_n affirm_v but_o very_o extravagant_o that_o the_o ambient_fw-la aether_n be_v of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n by_o the_o swiftness_n of_o its_o motion_n snatch_v up_o stone_n from_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n become_v star_n and_o be_v carry_v from_o east_n to_o west_n diogenes_n conceive_v they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o substance_n of_o pumice_n stone_n set_v on_o fire_n and_o to_o be_v the_o spiracula_fw-la or_o breathe_a holes_n of_o the_o world_n plato_n with_o more_o reason_n hold_v they_o to_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o a_o fiery_a nature_n yet_o to_o admit_v of_o the_o mixture_n of_o other_o element_n as_o it_o be_v cement_n to_o knit_v and_o consolidate_v they_o xenophanes_n suppose_v they_o to_o be_v cloud_n set_v on_o fire_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o coal_n quench_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o in_o the_o night_n rekindle_v heraclides_fw-la and_o the_o pythagorean_n hold_v every_o star_n to_o be_v a_o world_n by_o itself_o exist_v in_o the_o infinite_a etherial_a space_n and_o contain_v a_o earth_n a_o air_n and_o a_o sky_n which_o opinion_n be_v find_v in_o the_o work_v of_o orpheus_n for_o his_o follower_n affirm_v the_o star_n to_o be_v so_o many_o world_n aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n maintain_v they_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n as_o the_o heaven_n but_o only_o more_o condense_v and_o to_o be_v simple_a body_n without_o the_o mixture_n of_o any_o element_n the_o stoic_n and_o with_o they_o our_o manilius_n make_v they_o to_o be_v of_o a_o fiery_a substance_n other_o conceive_v they_o to_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n as_o exhalation_n and_o vapour_n and_o consequent_o to_o consist_v of_o a_o substance_n partly_o aqueous_a partly_o aerial_a of_o which_o see_v pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 9_o petrus_n comestor_n hugo_n victorinus_n and_o eugubinus_n of_o all_o these_o the_o most_o celebrate_a and_o most_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o the_o star_n be_v fiery_a body_n a_o opinion_n which_o want_v not_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_a church_n to_o back_o it_o which_o in_o hymn_n seria_fw-la secunda_fw-la ad_fw-la vesper_n of_o which_o saint_n ambrose_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o composer_n sing_v after_o this_o manner_n immense_a caeli_fw-la conditor_fw-la qui_fw-la mixta_fw-la ne_fw-la confunderent_fw-la aquae_fw-la fluenta_fw-la dividens_fw-la coelum_fw-la dedisti_fw-la limitem_fw-la firmans_fw-la locum_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la simulque_fw-la terrae_fw-la rivulis_fw-la ut_fw-la unda_fw-la flammas_fw-la temperet_fw-la terrae_fw-la solum_fw-la nec_fw-la dissipent_fw-la etc._n etc._n where_o we_o find_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o water_n be_v place_v above_o the_o heaven_n viz._n to_o restrain_v and_o temper_v the_o excessive_a fervour_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n again_o in_o hymn_n fer_fw-fr quarta_fw-la ad_fw-la vesper_n the_o same_o church_n thus_o sing_v coeli_fw-la deus_fw-la sanctissime_fw-la qui_fw-la lucidum_fw-la centrum_fw-la poli_fw-fr candore_fw-la pingis_fw-la igneo_fw-la of_o the_o same_o sentiment_n be_v most_o of_o the_o father_n not_o only_o of_o the_o latin_a but_o the_o greek_a church_n as_o cyrillus_n hierosolimitanus_n and_o caesarius_n who_o speak_v of_o the_o firmament_n say_v recepturum_fw-la erat_fw-la subjectorum_fw-la luminarium_fw-la splendorem_fw-la solemn_a inquam_fw-la &_o lunam_fw-la &_o reliquum_fw-la astrorum_fw-la caetum_fw-la ex_fw-la igne_fw-la naturam_fw-la habentem_fw-la theodoretus_n likewise_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n bifariam_fw-la deus_fw-la omnium_fw-la divisit_fw-la aquarum_fw-la naturam_fw-la &_o quasdam_fw-la sursum_fw-la collocavit_fw-la quae_fw-la svo_fw-la liquore_fw-la ac_fw-la frigiditate_fw-la non_fw-la sinerent_fw-la corrumpi_fw-la firmamentum_fw-la ab_fw-la igne_fw-la luminarium_fw-la st._n chrysostom_n be_v positive_a for_o the_o fiery_a nature_n of_o the_o star_n with_o who_o concur_v gregory_n nissen_n procopius_n and_o anastasius_n sinaita_n conform_v to_o who_o opinion_n be_v that_o of_o tertullian_n st._n ambrose_n st._n augustin_n arnobius_n lactantius_n anselmus_fw-la alcuinus_fw-la beda_n conclude_v we_o therefore_o induce_v as_o well_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o these_o ancient_a father_n as_o persuade_v by_o the_o concordant_a sentiment_n of_o divers_a eminent_a modern_a philosopher_n and_o astronomer_n that_o the_o star_n be_v compound_v and_o not_o simple_a body_n make_v up_o of_o elementary_a matter_n form_v into_o fiery_a globe_n and_o consist_v ex_fw-la solido_fw-la &_o liquido_fw-la as_o this_o terraqueous_a globe_n of_o we_o and_o consequent_o subject_a to_o corruption_n and_o alteration_n see_v franciscus_n patricius_n l._n 15._o pancosmias_n ricciolus_n
earth_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o first_o motion_n become_v visible_a and_o solving_a the_o different_a appearance_n of_o their_o light_n and_o magnitude_n by_o the_o latter_a show_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o disappearance_n but_o this_o motion_n be_v by_o other_o deny_v but_o because_o they_o find_v even_o in_o the_o fix_a star_n themselves_o the_o like_a alteration_n of_o their_o light_n and_o magnitude_n which_o sometime_o appear_v so_o small_a as_o if_o they_o be_v star_n of_o the_o last_o at_o other_o time_n so_o bright_a as_o if_o they_o be_v of_o the_o first_o degree_n they_o allow_v of_o some_o alteration_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o very_a body_n of_o these_o star_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n appear_v sometime_o overcast_v with_o spot_n so_o they_o conceive_v these_o star_n to_o be_v sometime_o oreclouded_n with_o such_o kind_n of_o spot_n at_o what_o time_n they_o disappear_v at_o other_o time_n to_o recover_v their_o light_n and_o become_v visible_a other_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o globe_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o star_n be_v so_o make_v that_o but_o one_o side_n of_o they_o shine_v the_o other_o be_v altogether_o obscure_a the_o first_o author_n of_o which_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v ricciolus_n as_o he_o affirm_v of_o himself_o almage_a nou._n tom._n 2._o l._n 8._o c._n 17._o and_o that_o they_o move_v and_o have_v a_o circumrotation_n about_o their_o own_o proper_a axe_n now_o turn_v their_o bright_a side_n to_o we_o at_o another_o time_n their_o dark_a and_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o be_v by_o le_fw-fr pere_fw-fr cherubin_n term_v stellae_fw-la versatiles_fw-la the_o period_n of_o their_o several_a motion_n not_o be_v yet_o clear_o determine_v but_o by_o the_o observation_n hitherto_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o that_o in_o the_o whale_n neck_n make_v its_o revolution_n in_o eleven_o month_n that_o in_o the_o swan_n breast_n be_v suppose_v not_o to_o finish_v the_o period_n of_o its_o revolution_n soon_o than_o in_o fourteen_o year_n that_o near_o the_o beak_n of_o the_o swan_n complete_n she_o in_o about_o ten_o month_n time_n the_o period_n of_o the_o other_o revolution_n not_o be_v yet_o certain_o know_v of_o the_o sun_n what_o seem_v requisite_a to_o be_v add_v touch_v the_o fix_a star_n be_v dispatch_v something_o be_v to_o be_v say_v concern_v those_o which_o be_v common_o term_v erratic_a or_o planet_n and_o among_o they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n of_o the_o most_o glorious_a luminary_n the_o sun_n who_o nature_n or_o substance_n with_o anaxagoras_n democritus_n metrodorus_n epicurus_n pythagoras_n substance_n and_o plato_n of_o old_a and_o with_o kepler_n scheinerus_n rheita_n bullialdus_n kircher_n ricciolus_n and_o other_o of_o late_a we_o can_v with_o fair_a probability_n conjecture_v to_o be_v other_o than_o a_o formal_a fiery_a body_n consist_v of_o true_a proper_a elementary_a fire_n partly_o liquid_a partly_o solid_a the_o liquid_a be_v a_o ocean_n of_o light_n and_o move_v with_o fiery_a billow_n and_o flame_a ebullition_n as_o be_v manifest_a to_o those_o that_o look_v upon_o it_o through_o a_o telescope_n the_o solid_a part_n be_v like_o the_o land_n in_o our_o terraqueous_a globe_n divide_v into_o continent_n island_n mountain_n rock_n that_o thereby_o the_o vehement_a motion_n of_o the_o exestuate_a solar_a ocean_n may_v be_v restrain_v and_o by_o frequent_a allision_n repulse_v dissipate_v and_o break_v to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v more_o efficacious_o communicate_v its_o panspermatick_a virtue_n to_o all_o those_o body_n to_o which_o it_o be_v to_o afford_v light_n and_o influence_n we_o may_v likewise_o probable_o conceive_v that_o the_o solar_a globe_n be_v as_o this_o earth_n of_o we_o hollow_v with_o vast_a subterraneous_a cavern_n and_o receptacle_n of_o fire_n which_o break_v forth_o out_o of_o the_o solar_a ignivomous_a mountain_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o find_v our_o subterranean_a fire_n to_o break_v out_o of_o aetna_n hecla_n and_o vesuvius_n and_o it_o be_v in_o all_o appearance_n as_o probable_a that_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o the_o sun_n within_o which_o the_o fluid_a and_o liquid_a fire_n be_v contain_v as_o metal_n in_o a_o furnace_n be_v thorough_o ignify_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o find_v the_o brick_n in_o the_o roof_n and_o side_n of_o furnace_n be_v make_v red_a hot_a and_o look_v of_o the_o same_o colour_n as_o the_o fiery_a mass_n of_o melt_a matter_n within_o they_o we_o may_v further_o probable_o infer_v that_o the_o earthly_a or_o solid_a part_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v of_o a_o asbestinous_a and_o incombustible_a nature_n and_o far_o better_a able_a to_o resist_v the_o voracity_n of_o the_o fire_n then_o this_o earth_n of_o we_o and_o though_o it_o shall_v be_v suppose_v that_o some_o part_n here_o and_o there_o shall_v be_v consume_v and_o perhaps_o whole_a mountain_n be_v level_v and_o waste_v yet_o it_o follow_v not_o that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v therefore_o be_v total_o destroy_v more_o than_o this_o earth_n of_o we_o be_v by_o the_o frequent_a accident_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o partial_a ruin_n and_o decay_n it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o the_o splendour_n as_o well_o of_o the_o fluid_a as_o the_o solid_a fire_n of_o the_o solar_a globe_n be_v far_o more_o bright_a than_o our_o earthly_a fire_n or_o flame_n the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v necessary_o require_v the_o same_o as_o be_v intend_v for_o the_o fountain_n of_o light_n and_o lamp_n if_o not_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n at_o least_o of_o the_o planetary_a system_n this_o fire_n as_o well_o the_o liquid_a or_o solar_a sea_n as_o that_o which_o break_v out_o of_o the_o cavern_n and_o mountain_n exhale_v constant_o fuliginous_a vapour_n not_o black_a and_o sooty_a like_o the_o smoke_n of_o our_o fire_n but_o bright_a and_o pure_a which_o collect_v together_o and_o condense_a in_o the_o circumambient_a aether_n do_v in_o a_o manner_n overcast_v the_o sun_n as_o cloud_n overshadow_v the_o earth_n but_o all_o this_o will_v be_v clearly_o represent_v in_o the_o annex_v scheme_n take_v from_o the_o joint_a observation_n of_o scheinerus_n and_o kircherus_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o the_o evidence_n of_o frequent_a observation_n late_o make_v by_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o sun_n be_v not_o as_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n fancy_v it_o to_o be_v of_o a_o unalterable_a substance_n but_o subject_a to_o divers_a change_n and_o alteration_n as_o not_o only_o the_o generation_n and_o production_n but_o the_o dissolution_n and_o corruption_n of_o several_a strange_a phaenomena_n in_o the_o body_n thereof_o altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n clear_o demonstrate_v among_o which_o the_o most_o eminent_a be_v those_o by_o late_a astronomer_n term_v the_o maculae_fw-la &_o faculae_fw-la solares_n the_o maculae_fw-la or_o spot_n be_v certain_a cloudy_a obscurity_n appear_v upon_o the_o disque_n of_o the_o sun_n spot_n suppose_v by_o some_o astronomer_n to_o be_v a_o fuliginous_a obscure_a matter_n or_o vapour_n sometime_o close_o compact_v into_o one_o sometime_o disperse_v and_o dissipate_v into_o several_a parcel_n issue_v from_o its_o fervent_a fiery_a body_n by_o force_n of_o its_o extreme_a heat_n and_o though_o it_o can_v be_v certain_o determine_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o parallax_n whether_o they_o be_v in_o the_o sun_n itself_o or_o distant_a from_o it_o some_o space_n yet_o if_o one_o consider_v their_o first_o appearance_n or_o birth_n their_o decay_n or_o disappearance_n their_o shape_n or_o figure_n increase_n diminution_n separation_n conjunction_n motion_n and_o other_o like_a accident_n it_o be_v credible_a and_o by_o what_o observation_n make_v out_o most_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v in_o the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o least_o not_o far_o from_o the_o superficies_n thereof_o in_o regard_n that_o when_o they_o be_v observe_v near_o the_o border_n or_o edge_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v disque_n go_v off_o from_o its_o visible_a hemisphere_n and_o turn_v about_o to_o the_o other_o at_o what_o time_n they_o begin_v to_o disappear_v they_o can_v be_v perceive_v to_o be_v raise_v above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o to_o show_v any_o apparent_a space_n or_o distance_n between_o they_o and_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sun_n globe_n as_o in_o reason_n they_o will_v and_o indeed_o if_o it_o be_v so_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v their_o shape_v and_o figure_n be_v of_o unequal_a form_n and_o grandeur_n and_o most_o irregular_a which_o argue_v figure_n they_o not_o to_o be_v star_n or_o planet_n move_v about_o the_o body_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o tarde_fw-la and_o malapertius_n have_v suppose_v the_o one_o entitul_a they_o sidera_fw-la borbonia_n the_o other_o sidera_fw-la austriaca_fw-la some_o of_o these_o be_v more_o durable_a and_o last_a than_o other_o and_o those_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o solid_a part_n of_o
59_o 0_o 53_o 50_o  _fw-fr 53_o 34_o 58_o 16_o 63_o 51_o copernicus_n 65_o 30_o 60_o 19_o 55_o 8_o  _fw-fr 52_o 56_o 57_o 0_o 62_o 54_o tycho_n 58_o 8_o 56_o 30_o 54_o 52_o  _fw-fr 59_o 9_o 60_o 51_o 62_o 39_o longomontanus_n 57_o 38_o 56_o 0_o 54_o 23_o  _fw-fr 59_o 37_o 61_o 26_o 63_o 14_o lansbergius_n 64_o 10_o 59_o 5_o 54_o 0_o  _fw-fr 53_o 34_o 58_o 8_o 63_o 39_o bulialdus_n 61_o 40_o 59_o 5_o 56_o 30_o  _fw-fr 55_o 56_o 58_o 16_o 60_o 52_o ricciolus_n 64_o 15_o 59_o 0_o 53_o 45_o  _fw-fr 53_o 30_o 58_o 16_o 63_o 55_o kepler_n in_o ephemerid_n 62_o 52_o 59_o 0_o 55_o 8_o  _fw-fr 54_o 41_o 58_o 16_o 62_o 20_o kepler_n in_o epit._n astr._n &_o tab._n rudolph_n 59_o 0_o 56_o 28_o 54_o 0_o  _fw-fr 58_o 22_o 60_o 53_o 63_o 41_o hipparchus_n for_o sometime_o 83_o 0_o 77_o 0_o 71_o 0_o  _fw-fr 41_o 30_o 45_o 0_o 48_o 30_o afterward_o 72_o 30_o 67_o 30_o 62_o 30_o  _fw-fr 47_o 30_o 51_o 30_o 55_o 30_o alphonsus_n 61_o 8_o 57_o 45_o 54_o 23_o  _fw-fr 53_o 19_o 59_o 21_o 63_o 17_o argolus_fw-la 60_o 4_o 56_o 0_o 51_o 57_o  _fw-fr 56_o 45_o 61_o 17_o 65_o 36_o vendelinus_n 63_o 56_o 60_o 0_o 56_o 4_o  _fw-fr 53_o 46_o 57_o 18_o 61_o 18_o kircherus_fw-la 67_o 50_o 62_o 37_o 57_o 24_o  _fw-fr in_o its_o quadrature_n distance_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n horizontal_n parallax_n author_n apog_n med._n perig._n  _fw-fr apog_n med._n perig._n  _fw-fr semid_n â²_o semid_a â²_o semid_a â²_o  _fw-fr â²_o â³_o â²_o â³_o â²_o â³_o ptolemaeus_n 43_o 53_o 38_o 43_o 33_o 33_o  _fw-fr 60_o 19_o 89_o 0_o 103_o 0_o copernicus_n 68_o 21_o 60_o 19_o 52_o 17_o  _fw-fr 50_o 19_o 57_o 0_o 65_o 48_o tycho_n 60_o 36_o 56_o 30_o 52_o 24_o  _fw-fr 56_o 44_o 60_o 51_o 65_o 36_o longomontanus_n 60_o 4_o 56_o 0_o 51_o 57_o  _fw-fr 57_o 15_o 61_o 26_o 66_o 9_o lansbergius_n 66_o 58_o 56_o 5_o 51_o 12_o  _fw-fr 51_o 20_o 58_o 8_o 67_o 6_o bulialdus_n 64_o 15_o 59_o 5_o 53_o 55_o  _fw-fr 53_o 30_o 58_o 8_o 63_o 43_o ricciolus_n 66_o 42_o 59_o 0_o 51_o 20_o  _fw-fr 51_o 32_o 58_o 16_o 66_o 56_o kepler_n in_o ephemerid_n 61_o 36_o 59_o 0_o 56_o 24_o  _fw-fr 55_o 26_o 58_o 16_o 60_o 58_o kepler_n in_o epit._n astr._n &_o tab._n rudolph_n 59_o 0_o 56_o 28_o 54_o 0_o  _fw-fr 58_o 22_o 60_o 53_o 63_o 41_o as_o to_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n not_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o several_a method_n of_o attain_v the_o same_o from_o the_o observation_n of_o eclipse_n of_o which_o ricciolus_n l._n 4._o almage_a n._n c._n 16._o the_o follow_a table_n take_v from_o the_o say_v ricciolus_n will_v show_v the_o several_a opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a astronomer_n synopsis_fw-la of_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o opposition_n conjunction_n and_o square_a aspect_n apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n apog_n perig._n author_n  _fw-fr â²_o â³_o â²_o â³_o ptolemaeus_n in_fw-it â_o and_o â_o 31_o 20_o 35_o 20_o in_o â¡_o 42_o 8_o 55_o 0_o albategnius_n in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 29_o 30_o 35_o 20_o alphonsus_n and_o purbacchius_n in_o â_o and_o â_o 29_o 0_o 36_o 8_o copernicus_n reinholdus_n and_o sometime_o maginus_fw-la in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 30_o 0_o 35_o 38_o in_o â¡_o 28_o 45_o 36_o 44_o maginus_fw-la in_o suppl_n ephemer_n in_o conjunction_n and_o â_o 30_o 30_o 34_o 40_o clavius_n and_o herigonius_n in_o â_o and_o â_o 30_o 0_o 36_o 8_o tycho_n origanus_n and_o mulerius_fw-la in_fw-la â_o 25_o 36_o 28_o 48_o in_o â_o 32_o 0_o 36_o 0_o in_o â¡_o 32_o 32_o 36_o 0_o longomontanus_n physice_n in_o â_o and_o â_o 32_o 0_o 34_o 0_o keplerus_n in_o ephemer_n in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 30_o 0_o 34_o 10_o in_o epit._n and_o tab._n rudolph_n in_fw-it â_o and_o â_o 30_o 0_o 32_o 44_o lansbergius_n in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 30_o 0_o 35_o 38_o petr._n gassendus_fw-la in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 26_o 36_o 31_o 06_o ism._n bulialdus_n in_o â_o and_o â_o 31_o 10_o 34_o 0_o in_o â¡_o 29_o 56_o 36_o 4_o got._n vendelinus_n in_o â_o and_o â_o 28_o 40_o 32_o 42_o sed_fw-la in_o vertice_fw-la in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 29_o 10_o 33_o 18_o kircherus_fw-la in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 29_o 22_o 34_o 40_o ricciolus_n in_fw-la â_o and_o â_o 28_o 0_o 33_o 30_o in_o â¡_o 27_o 0_o 35_o 6_o from_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o apparent_a diameter_n already_o give_v the_o true_a magnitude_n thereof_o may_v methodical_o be_v deduce_v which_o without_o the_o trouble_n of_o calculate_v the_o reader_n may_v see_v plain_o exhibit_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o several_a author_n therein_o mention_v the_o true_a magnitude_n of_o the_o moon_n compare_v with_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o sun_n according_a to_o the_o true_a diameter_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o sun_n unto_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n suppose_v to_o be_v 100_o the_o solidity_n of_o the_o moon_n to_o the_o earth_n sun_n moon_n earth_n sun_n as_o to_o as_o to_o aristarchus_n more_o than_o 31_o 2_o 4_o 100_o 633_o 1_o 16_o 1_o 5832_o aristarchus_n less_o than_o 39_o 4_o 5_o 100_o 716_o 1_o 32_o 1_o 8000_o ptolemaeus_n 29_o 2_o 6_o 100_o 550_o 1_o 40_o 1_o 6648_o copernicus_n 28_o 4_o 7_o 100_o 545_o 1_o 42_o ââ¦_n 1_o 6999_o 1_o 60_o moestlinus_n 28_o ââ¦_n 100_o 546_o 1_o 44_o 1_o 7300_o tycho_n 29_o 1_o 6_o 100_o 520_o 1_o 41_o 11_o 12_o 1_o 5848_o longomontanus_n 26_o 5_o 6_o 100_o 580_o 1_o 51_o 1_o 49_o 1_o 10000_o keplerus_n 25_o 7_o 10_o 100_o 1500_o 1_o 59_o 1_o 204671_o lansbergius_n 28_o  _fw-fr 100_o 757_o 1_o 45_o 11_o 20_o 1_o 19770_o bullinldus_fw-la 27_o 11_o 12_o 100_o 700_o 1_o 45_o 29_o 30_o 1_o 15765_o 1_o 3_o vendelinus_n 26_o 5_o 8_o 100_o 6400_o 1_o 53_o 1_o 13833632_o kircherus_fw-la 29_o 7_o 17_o 100_o 520_o 1_o 40_o 1_o 5600_o schyrlaeus_n 28_o 3_o 7_o 100_o 1000_o 1_o 42_o 19_o 20_o 1_o 42875_o ricciolus_n in_o alm._n 26_o 1_o 5_o 100_o 3383_o 1_o 55_o 1_o 2123000_o ricciolus_n astr._n ref._n 27_o 1_o 2_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr whether_o the_o moon_n be_v habitable_a that_o the_o moon_n be_v inhabit_v be_v by_o divers_a as_o well_o philosopher_n as_o astronomer_n at_o this_o day_n maintain_v and_o assert_v from_o the_o appearance_n of_o mountain_n valley_n wood_n lake_n sea_n and_o river_n discover_v therein_o by_o help_n of_o the_o telescope_n which_o opinion_n be_v long_o since_o embrace_v by_o the_o ancient_n as_o cicero_n testify_v academic_a quaest._n l._n 4._o where_o he_o cite_v the_o authority_n of_o xenophanes_n habitari_fw-la ait_fw-la xenophanes_n in_o luna_n eamque_fw-la esse_fw-la terram_fw-la multarum_fw-la urbium_fw-la &_o montium_fw-la plutarch_n likewise_o de_n placit_fw-la philosophicis_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 30._o report_n that_o the_o pythagorean_n affirm_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v a_o other_o earth_n and_o that_o she_o be_v inhabit_v round_o about_o like_o this_o earth_n of_o we_o and_o people_v with_o live_v creature_n fifteen_o time_n large_a than_o those_o with_o we_o these_o inhabitant_n be_v by_o the_o ancient_n call_v antichtone_n in_o regard_n they_o dwell_v in_o a_o earth_n opposite_a to_o we_o and_o in_o that_o note_a piece_n of_o he_o de_fw-fr faciè_fw-fr in_o orb_n lunae_fw-la he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v cavern_n in_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v call_v penetralia_fw-la hecates_n and_o that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o always_o respect_v the_o heaven_n be_v the_o elysian_a field_n that_o it_o be_v likewise_o inhabit_v by_o genii_n which_o dwell_v not_o always_o there_o but_o sometime_o descend_v to_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o assistance_n or_o punishment_n of_o mankind_n etc._n etc._n macrobius_n likewise_o in_o somn._fw-la scipionis_fw-la l._n 1._o and_o achilles_n tatius_n in_o isagog_n report_v the_o like_a of_o the_o moon_n be_v be_v habitable_a the_o word_n of_o macrobius_n be_v these_o lunam_fw-la aetheream_fw-la terram_fw-la physici_fw-la vocaverunt_fw-la &_o habitatores_fw-la ejus_fw-la lunares_fw-la populos_fw-la nuncuparunt_fw-la quod_fw-la ita_fw-la esse_fw-la plurimis_fw-la argumentis_fw-la quae_fw-la nunc_fw-la longum_fw-la est_fw-la enumerare_fw-la docuerunt_fw-la see_v to_o this_o purpose_n more_o in_o kepler_n in_o his_o astronomia_fw-la optica_fw-la and_o particular_o in_o that_o marvellous_o ingenious_a posthume_n piece_n of_o his_o call_v somnium_fw-la sive_fw-la de_fw-la lunari_fw-la astronomia_fw-la and_o in_o his_o learned_a annotation_n thereupon_o and_o on_o plutarch_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr fancy_n in_o orb_n lunae_fw-la thereto_o annex_v nor_o will_v this_o seem_v a_o extravagant_a opinion_n to_o those_o who_o shall_v upon_o due_a consideration_n be_v persuade_v to_o admit_v that_o the_o moon_n enjoy_v as_o favourable_a a_o aspect_n from_o the_o
part_n that_o be_v be_v generate_v of_o the_o most_o dilute_a planetary_a vapour_n and_o exhalation_n and_o of_o certain_a small_a particle_n and_o sometime_o grow_v together_o from_o many_o into_o one_o and_o not_o seldom_o from_o one_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o 9_o comet_n as_o they_o seldom_o and_o very_o rare_o consist_v of_o one_o single_v nucleus_n so_o the_o great_a of_o these_o nuclei_fw-la be_v seldom_o see_v precise_o place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cometical_a body_n but_o decline_v towards_o the_o side_n draw_v along_o with_o it_o the_o thin_a mass._n 10._o the_o nuclei_fw-la as_o their_o rare_a part_n by_o a_o flux_n of_o matter_n and_o condensation_n increase_n and_o become_v more_o splendid_a so_o by_o difflux_n of_o matter_n and_o rarefaction_n they_o become_v more_o pale_a wan_a and_o dull_a 11._o every_o comet_n as_o each_o solar_a macula_n be_v circumve_v with_o a_o other_o kind_n of_o body_n less_o obscure_a and_o more_o rare_a as_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a atmosphere_n in_o which_o the_o sun_n ray_n be_v lodge_v whence_o its_o tail_n or_o bush_n be_v produce_v 12._o it_o seem_v likewise_o consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o the_o rare_a part_n be_v procreate_v before_o the_o nuclei_fw-la or_o kernel_n and_o that_o in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o comet_n the_o nuclei_fw-la sensible_o first_o decay_n so_o that_o the_o solid_a and_o more_o dense_n part_n be_v soon_o dissolve_v than_o the_o more_o rare_a 13._o the_o nuclei_fw-la of_o comet_n as_o of_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la have_v not_o their_o generation_n or_o corruption_n in_o one_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n only_o but_o every_o where_o indifferent_o and_o of_o these_o some_o be_v more_o last_a than_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o more_o unctuous_a and_o dense_n matter_n some_o of_o they_o likewise_o be_v form_v about_o the_o beginning_n or_o birth_n of_o the_o comet_n other_o about_o the_o middle_n and_o some_o towards_o the_o end_n yet_o sometime_o the_o same_o nucleus_n last_v from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o comet_n now_o increase_v at_o other_o time_n decrease_v but_o in_o this_o both_o comet_n and_o their_o nuclei_fw-la altogether_o differ_v from_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la for_o that_o comet_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o proper_a motion_n in_o their_o orbit_n never_o return_v again_o and_o a_o second_o time_n ascend_v above_o our_o horizon_n that_o be_v to_o say_v rise_v again_o astronomical_o except_o in_o their_o diurnal_a motion_n which_o be_v not_o here_o consider_v insomuch_o as_o a_o comet_n be_v once_o extinguish_v can_v be_v again_o produce_v or_o continue_v 14._o oftentimes_o divers_a comet_n which_o seem_v at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o begin_v and_o to_o be_v almost_o equal_a as_o to_o their_o density_n and_o magnitude_n have_v not_o yet_o the_o same_o dissolution_n but_o differ_v both_o as_o to_o the_o time_n and_o place_n the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o their_o nuclei_fw-la 15._o every_o comet_n as_o each_o solar_a macula_n consist_v of_o a_o opacous_a dense_a and_o of_o itself_o obscure_a matter_n draw_v all_o its_o light_n whole_o from_o the_o sun_n 16._o comet_n be_v always_o great_a than_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v be_v their_o apparent_a diameter_n great_a or_o less_o than_o the_o apparent_a diameter_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v the_o body_n that_o illuminate_v they_o 17._o no_o comet_n whatsoever_o either_o as_o to_o its_o whole_a or_o part_n or_o nuclei_fw-la have_v a_o gyration_n about_o its_o axis_n but_o always_o turn_v the_o same_o face_n to_o the_o earth_n and_o sun_n unless_o happy_o it_o may_v be_v carry_v in_o a_o equal_a librate_n or_o reciprocal_a motion_n according_a as_o it_o be_v more_o or_o less_o distant_a from_o the_o earth_n 18._o the_o nuclei_fw-la of_o comet_n as_o of_o the_o solar_a maculae_fw-la have_v a_o peculiar_a motion_n but_o always_o irregular_a or_o anomalous_a hence_o those_o corpuscula_fw-la or_o nuclei_fw-la of_o which_o the_o comet_n be_v compose_v have_v motion_n among_o themselves_o as_o to_o their_o accession_n conjunction_n or_o separation_n quite_o different_a from_o that_o proper_a motion_n of_o the_o comet_n in_o its_o orbit_n and_o thence_o proceed_v the_o sudden_a coalition_n digression_n and_o inordinate_a deviation_n as_o also_o the_o various_a transformation_n of_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o say_v nuclei_fw-la 19_o comet_n although_o sometime_o as_o to_o their_o diameter_n or_o disque_n or_o the_o area_n of_o their_o great_a circle_n they_o exceed_v in_o magnitude_n the_o moon_n and_o earth_n yet_o do_v they_o not_o for_o all_o that_o exhaust_v the_o planet_n nor_o do_v those_o body_n suffer_v any_o detriment_n or_o diminution_n no_o more_o than_o the_o sun_n do_v by_o generation_n of_o his_o maculae_fw-la for_o every_o celestial_a body_n call_v back_o unto_o itself_o that_o matter_n which_o by_o dissolution_n or_o attenuation_n issue_v from_o it_o 20._o comet_n be_v never_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o equal_a distance_n remove_v from_o the_o earth_n or_o sun_n but_o be_v sometime_o high_o sometime_o low_o as_o be_v evident_a in_o regard_n they_o be_v sometime_o find_v to_o have_v a_o sensible_a parallax_n at_o other_o time_n to_o have_v none_o at_o all._n 21._o as_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o constant_o but_o at_o certain_a time_n produce_v his_o maculae_fw-la so_o neither_o do_v the_o aether_n at_o all_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o matter_n produce_v comet_n since_o that_o tenuous_a matter_n of_o which_o they_o be_v compose_v be_v diffuse_v beyond_o the_o atmosphere_n of_o the_o several_a planetary_a body_n whence_o it_o flow_v through_o the_o vast_a aether_n and_o most_o distant_a part_n of_o the_o heaven_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o those_o thin_a exspiration_n can_v find_v so_o easy_a a_o congress_n but_o that_o they_o concur_v and_o be_v aggregated_a as_o it_o be_v by_o chance_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o comet_n be_v so_o seldom_o see_v of_o the_o tail_n train_n or_o bush_n of_o comet_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o something_a be_v likewise_o to_o be_v comet_n say_v touch_v which_o there_o be_v as_o many_o different_a opinion_n produce_v by_o ricciolus_n and_o hevelius_n as_o those_o already_o mention_v touch_v comet_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n assert_v the_o bush_n or_o train_n of_o a_o comet_n to_o be_v a_o exhalation_n set_v on_o fire_n in_o a_o more_o rare_a and_o less_o constipate_v matter_n than_o that_o of_o its_o head_n and_o diversify_v according_a to_o the_o divers_a disposition_n of_o the_o matter_n that_o feed_v its_o flame_n the_o second_o be_v that_o of_o seneca_n who_o conceive_v the_o cauda_fw-la or_o bush_n to_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o comet_n nor_o a_o flame_n but_o the_o ray_n or_o light_n which_o the_o comet_n by_o its_o native_a vigour_n send_v forth_o the_o three_o be_v that_o of_o gemma_fw-la frisius_n who_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v a_o fire_n of_o a_o simple_a celestial_a body_n kindle_v by_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o by_o the_o violent_a action_n thereof_o thrust_v forth_o and_o expel_v into_o the_o opposite_a part._n the_o four_o be_v that_o of_o petrus_n apianus_n who_o make_v the_o bush_n of_o a_o comet_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n transmit_v through_o the_o semidiaphanous_a head_n thereof_o as_o it_o be_v through_o a_o globe_n of_o glass_n the_o five_o be_v tycho_n brahe_n who_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n penetrate_v the_o head_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o terminate_v in_o some_o matter_n not_o altogether_o perspicuous_a and_o reflect_v towards_o we_o for_o he_o suppose_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o aether_n not_o to_o be_v thorough_o diaphanous_a the_o six_o be_v that_o of_o kepler_n who_o endeavour_v to_o give_v a_o double_a reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n for_o he_o suppose_v first_o that_o the_o tail_n or_o bush_n may_v be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n pass_v through_o the_o body_n of_o the_o comet_n which_o he_o imagine_v to_o be_v pure_o pellucid_a yet_o withal_o dense_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v thereby_o conduplicate_v and_o colour_v in_o the_o second_o he_o make_v the_o comet_n to_o expire_v a_o certain_a lucid_a matter_n from_o its_o head_n towards_o that_o part_n where_o the_o sun_n beam_n break_v forth_o with_o he_o in_o a_o manner_n gassendus_fw-la consent_v who_o conceive_v the_o tail_n or_o bush_n to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n with_o the_o head_n only_o to_o differ_v in_o rarity_n which_o rare_a and_o tenuous_a matter_n be_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n expel_v into_o the_o part_n direct_o turn_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o this_o opinion_n be_v likewise_o embrace_v by_o camillus_n gloriosus_n and_o franciscus_n reita_n the_o
away_o and_o round_v by_o the_o length_n of_o its_o passage_n through_o the_o air._n the_o cause_n of_o its_o congeal_a hardness_n be_v the_o ant_n peristasis_fw-la of_o the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n likewise_o why_o it_o fall_v more_o frequent_o in_o summer_n than_o in_o winter_n and_o seldom_o in_o the_o night_n unless_o the_o night_n be_v warm_a vide_fw-la fromond_n meteorolog_n l._n 5._o c._n 9_o 9_o thales_n &_o democritus_n ascribe_v the_o cause_n of_o earthquake_n to_o subterranean_a water_n break_v out_o and_o undermine_v the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o stoic_n to_o moisture_n rarefy_v into_o air_n which_o seek_v for_o room_n to_o break_v ââ¦orth_o when_o it_o meet_v as_o anaxagoras_n likewise_o hold_v with_o the_o thick_a and_o tough_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o its_o struggle_a for_o vent_v it_o shake_v it_o other_o conceive_v it_o proceed_v from_o enclose_a air_n or_o spirit_n arise_v from_o combustible_a matter_n such_o as_o sulphur_n nitre_n allom_n sal_fw-la ammoniac_a or_o bitumen_n set_v on_o fire_n and_o consequent_o rarify_v cause_v the_o like_a effect_n as_o gunpowder_n in_o mine_n see_v fromond_n meteorolog_n l._n 4._o c._n 1_o 2_o 3._o and_o kircher_n in_o his_o mund._o subterran_n l._n 4._o c._n 2._o the_o several_a kind_n of_o earthquake_n be_v thus_o reckon_v up_o by_o apuleius_n l._n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la the_o first_o be_v term_v epiclintes_n seu_fw-la inclinator_n that_o be_v when_o it_o strike_v at_o oblique_a angle_n turn_v thing_n sideward_v the_o second_o be_v call_v brastes_fw-la or_o ââ¦ffervescens_n from_o the_o similitude_n of_o boil_a water_n bear_v up_o all_o above_o it_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n the_o three_o be_v term_v chasmatias_fw-la who_o violence_n make_v a_o breach_n or_o hiatus_fw-la in_o which_o the_o place_n force_v be_v swallow_v up_o the_o four_o be_v call_v rhecte_n from_o force_v its_o way_n by_o a_o rupture_n but_o not_o make_v such_o a_o chasma_fw-la as_o the_o former_a the_o five_o ostes_z which_o at_o once_o shake_v and_o overturn_v the_o six_o palmatias_fw-la which_o shake_v but_o overturn_v not_o the_o last_o mycematias_fw-la from_o the_o bellow_a noise_n it_o make_v ammianus_n marcellinus_n l._n 16._o and_o coelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la from_o he_o reckon_v but_o four_o kind_n kind_n that_o there_o be_v subterranean_a fire_n and_o those_o great_a and_o many_o appear_v by_o the_o vulcanian_a island_n by_o the_o mountain_n aetna_n vesuvius_n hecla_n and_o other_o eject_v flame_n and_o by_o hot_a bath_n and_o fountain_n break_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o as_o vitruââ¦inus_n l._n 2._o instance_n can_v not_o be_v si_fw-mi non_fw-la in_o imo_fw-la haberent_fw-la aut_fw-la de_fw-la sulphur_n aut_fw-la de_fw-la alumine_fw-la aut_fw-la bitumine_fw-la ardentes_fw-la maximos_fw-la ignes_fw-la in_o which_o word_n he_o brief_o declare_v their_o cause_n to_o which_o as_o a_o further_a proof_n to_o omit_v divers_a other_o may_v be_v add_v earthquake_n derive_v as_o but_o now_o allege_v their_o original_a from_o these_o subterranean_a fire_n and_o therefore_o by_o our_o author_n not_o unproper_o join_v together_o in_o this_o verse_n who_o will_v be_v further_o satisfy_v touch_v this_o matter_n may_v consult_v pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 106._o gassendus_fw-la his_fw-la epicurean_a animadversion_n and_o particular_o kircher_n in_o his_o mund._o subterran_n l._n 4._o where_o the_o nature_n of_o these_o fire_n their_o necessity_n diffusiveness_n foââ¦d_v and_o prodigious_a effect_n be_v exact_o describe_v see_v likewise_o iââ¦tigius_n express_o upon_o this_o subject_a in_o his_o tract_n de_fw-la montium_fw-la incend_fw-la and_o the_o curious_a disquisition_n of_o alphonsus_n borellus_n in_o historia_n &_o meteorologia_n incendiââ¦_n ãâã_d anno_fw-la 1669._o 1669._o rain_n be_v define_v by_o aristotle_n a_o cloud_n convert_v into_o water_n and_o distil_v in_o drop_n epicurus_n make_v two_o way_n or_o mean_n of_o generate_a rain_n one_o by_o transmutation_n when_o the_o part_n of_o a_o cloud_n either_o by_o absence_n of_o heat_n or_o accession_n of_o cold_a be_v so_o transpose_v and_o vary_v as_o render_v they_o more_o apt_a to_o flow_v and_o fall_v as_o be_v exemplify_v by_o vapoââ¦_n in_o a_o limbeck_n gather_v together_o and_o then_o fall_v in_o drop_n the_o other_o by_o compression_n when_o by_o wind_n or_o cold_a the_o cloud_n be_v compress_v and_o the_o vaporous_a corpuscula_fw-la within_o the_o hollow_n thereof_o be_v crowd_v together_o and_o by_o accession_n get_v weight_n and_o fall_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o drop_n of_o rain_n be_v form_v by_o coalition_n rather_o than_o division_n and_o that_o rain_n be_v not_o as_o vulgar_o conceive_v a_o watery_a mass_n effuse_v from_o a_o cloud_n like_o water_n from_o a_o watering-pot_n or_o as_o ââ¦repsiades_n jest_o in_o aristophanes_n declare_v it_o to_o be_v cause_v when_o jupiter_n urine_v through_o a_o sieve_n for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o stagnation_n of_o water_n in_o a_o cloud_n it_o will_v fall_v from_o thence_o like_o a_o torrent_n or_o spout_n rather_o than_o in_o drop_n of_o rain_n there_o be_v reckon_v three_o kind_n sââ¦illicidium_n imber_n and_o nimbus_n the_o first_o be_v a_o small_a misty_a rain_n the_o second_o be_v more_o intense_a and_o compose_v of_o great_a drop_n the_o last_o be_v yet_o more_o violent_a and_o fall_v more_o thick_a and_o as_o fromondus_n say_v decumanis_fw-la guââ¦tis_fw-la apuleius_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la sum_v up_o the_o matter_n when_o he_o saââ¦es_v tot_o diversitatibus_fw-la pluviae_fw-la cadunt_fw-la quot_fw-la modis_fw-la aer_fw-la nubium_fw-la conditionibus_fw-la cogitur_fw-la cogitur_fw-la the_o original_a of_o wind_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o abscondita_fw-la of_o nature_n but_o i_o find_v it_o reduce_v chief_o to_o three_o head_n or_o cause_n viz._n the_o earth_n the_o water_n the_o air._n the_o first_o be_v maintain_v by_o aristotle_n who_o make_v it_o a_o dry_a earthy_a exhalation_n the_o second_o be_v maintain_v by_o metrodorus_n and_o partly_o by_o anaximander_n chief_o by_o vitruvius_n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o where_o he_o say_v ventus_fw-la est_fw-la aeris_fw-la fluens_fw-la unda_fw-la cum_fw-la incerta_fw-la motus_fw-la redundantia_fw-la nasciturque_fw-la cum_fw-la fervour_n offendit_fw-la humorem_fw-la &_o impeââ¦us_fw-la fervoris_fw-la exprimit_fw-la vim_o spiritûs_fw-la flantis_fw-la which_o he_o illustrate_v by_o your_o aeolipilae_fw-la or_o wind-ball_n so_o demonstrate_v likewise_o by_o descartes_n l._n 4_o metear_n c._n 4._o and_o assert_v by_o salmasius_n l._n de_fw-la ann._n climacter_n p._n 811._o in_o vitruvius_n his_o own_o word_n the_o three_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o ancient_a which_o make_v wind_n to_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o air_n move_v apuleius_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n nec_fw-la enim_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la ventus_fw-la nisi_fw-la multum_fw-la &_o vehemens_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la coacti_fw-la aeris_fw-la flumen_fw-la but_o this_o not_o assign_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o that_o motion_n leave_v the_o matter_n undetermined_a the_o most_o probable_a opinion_n be_v that_o wind_n be_v a_o earthy_a or_o watery_a exhalation_n mix_v with_o saline_a spirit_n and_o other_o vapour_n draw_v or_o force_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n or_o sea_n by_o the_o power_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o subterranean_a fire_n which_o be_v rarify_v by_o heat_n or_o condense_v by_o cold_a and_o impel_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o a_o transverse_n sometime_o by_o a_o direct_a motion_n exââ¦gitates_v the_o earth_n air_n and_o sea_n but_o of_o this_o subject_a see_v particular_o the_o lord_n verulam_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr ventis_fw-la descartes_n loc_n cit_fw-la gassend_n animadvers_fw-la in_o epicur_fw-fr fromond_n meteor_n kircherus_fw-la in_o mund._o subterran_n and_o mr._n isaac_n vossius_fw-la de_fw-la motu_fw-la marium_n &_o ventorum_fw-la ventorum_fw-la see_v lucretius_n l._n 6._o argue_v to_o this_o effect_n against_o the_o pretend_a and_o fabulous_a power_n of_o thunder_a jupiter_n but_o far_o better_o and_o with_o more_o analogy_n to_o truth_n seneca_n in_o natural_a quaest._n l._n 2._o interim_n hoc_fw-la dico_fw-la fulmina_fw-la non_fw-la miââ¦i_fw-la à _fw-fr jove_n sed_fw-la sic_fw-la omne_fw-la disposita_fw-la ut_fw-la etiam_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la illo_fw-la non_fw-la ââ¦ant_fw-la sine_fw-la ratione_fw-la non_fw-la fiunt_fw-la quae_fw-la illius_fw-la est_fw-la vis_fw-fr eorum_fw-la illius_fw-la permissio_fw-la est_fw-la nam_fw-la etsi_fw-la jupiter_n illa_fw-la nunc_fw-la non_fw-la facit_fw-la fecit_fw-la ut_fw-la fierent_fw-la singulis_fw-la non_fw-la adest_fw-la sed_fw-la signum_fw-la &_o vim_fw-la &_o causam_fw-la dedit_fw-la omnibus_fw-la thus_o far_o seneca_n in_o which_o there_o only_o want_v the_o true_a name_n of_o the_o first_o divine_a cause_n why_o jupiter_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o give_v this_o physical_a reason_n that_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o three_o uppermost_a planet_n fall_v to_o the_o earth_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o lightning_n but_o that_o especial_o which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n that_o be_v to_o say_v jupiter_n because_o
water_n which_o settle_v become_v slime_n the_o slime_n condense_v into_o solid_a earth_n earth_n earth_n virgil_n eclog._n 6._o tum_o durare_fw-la solum_fw-la atque_fw-la excludere_fw-la nerea_fw-la ponto_n coeperit_fw-la our_o author_n perhaps_o in_o this_o place_n hint_n at_o anaximander_n who_o say_v of_o the_o sea_n that_o it_o be_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d the_o remainder_n of_o primitive_a moisture_n after_o this_o exclusion_n and_o separation_n plutarch_n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o de_fw-la placit_fw-la philosoph_n thus_o express_v the_o sense_n of_o our_o author_n of_o those_o body_n which_o settle_v below_o be_v make_v the_o earth_n and_o that_o part_v thereof_o which_o be_v mââ¦re_o subtle_a and_o of_o a_o thin_a form_n and_o consistence_n gather_v round_o together_o and_o engender_v the_o element_n of_o water_n which_o be_v of_o a_o liquid_a and_o flââ¦wing_a nature_n run_v downward_o to_o hollow_a placeââ¦_n lie_v low_a which_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v and_o hold_v it_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o world_n world_n to_o this_o purpose_n cicero_n l._n 2._o de_fw-fr naturá_fw-fr deorum_fw-la si_fw-mi mundus_fw-la globââ¦sus_fw-la est_fw-la omnesque_fw-la ejus_fw-la part_n undique_fw-la aequabiles_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o the_o world_n be_v round_o and_o of_o a_o globose_fw-la figure_n and_o all_o its_o part_n contain_v in_o like_a proportion_n by_o and_o among_o themselves_o it_o must_v happen_v to_o the_o earth_n by_o necessary_a conseââ¦uence_n see_v all_o its_o part_n press_v and_o tend_v to_o the_o middle_n now_o the_o middle_n in_o a_o sphere_n be_v that_o which_o be_v low_a that_o nothing_o can_v pââ¦ssibly_o interpose_v which_o may_v be_v able_a to_o weaken_v or_o hinder_v so_o great_a a_o convention_n of_o gravity_n gravity_n homer_n and_o oââ¦id_n make_v the_o moon_n to_o be_v draw_v in_o a_o chariot_n by_o two_o horse_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v say_v to_o be_v white_a the_o other_o black_a in_o regard_n as_o bassus_n in_o germanicum_n give_v the_o reason_n she_o be_v sometime_o apparent_a by_o day_n as_o well_o as_o by_o night_n other_o will_v have_v she_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o ox_n and_o therefore_o by_o nââ¦nus_n in_o dionys._n l._n 12._o she_o be_v call_v ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d boum_fw-la agitatrix_fw-la luna_fw-la of_o both_o which_o we_o have_v express_v representation_n in_o the_o roman_a coin_n and_o particular_o in_o those_o of_o the_o empress_n julia_n domna_n touch_v which_o see_v tristan_n in_o his_o historic_n commentar_n tom._n 2._o p._n 129_o 130._o she_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o mule_n in_o regard_n as_o festus_n in_o uââ¦ce_n mulus_n observe_v that_o as_o mule_n be_v not_o generate_v ex_fw-la svo_fw-la genere_fw-la sed_fw-la equi_fw-la so_o the_o moon_n be_v say_v to_o shine_v not_o by_o she_o own_o but_o as_o catullus_n express_v it_o notho_n lumine_fw-la which_o she_o derive_v from_o the_o sun_n claudian_n l._n 3._o de_fw-la laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n make_v she_o to_o be_v draw_v by_o stag_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o swiftness_n of_o her_o motion_n &_o c._n and_o so_o we_o have_v she_o likewise_o represent_v in_o divers_a consular_fw-la and_o imperial_a coin_n in_o ursinus_n golzius_n and_o gorlaeus_n gorlaeus_n the_o star_n or_o planet_n venus_n call_v likewise_o lucifer_n as_o cicero_n in_o 2._o de_fw-la naturâ_fw-la deorum_fw-la and_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o when_o it_o precede_v the_o rise_a sun_n as_o be_v the_o harbinger_n of_o light_n and_o not_o as_o julius_n scaliger_n exercit._n 75._o conceive_v for_o be_v the_o bright_a of_o all_o the_o star_n and_o from_o its_o splendour_n so_o name_v it_o be_v likewise_o call_v hesperus_n vesper_n &_o vesperugo_n when_o it_o rise_v in_o the_o evening_n and_o usher_v the_o night_n of_o this_o thus_o seneca_n in_o hypolit_fw-la qualis_fw-la est_fw-la primus_fw-la rââ¦ferens_fw-la tenebras_fw-la nuncius_fw-la noctis_fw-la modo_fw-la lotus_fw-la undis_fw-la hesperus_n pulsis_fw-la iterum_fw-la tenebris_fw-la lucifer_n idem_fw-la such_o the_o bright_a usher_n of_o dark_a night_n rise_v from_o sea_n with_o new-bathed_a light_n hesper_n the_o same_o night_n chase_v away_o phosphor_n the_o herald_n of_o the_o day_n we_o shall_v only_o add_v as_o a_o further_a illustration_n to_o this_o and_o the_o forego_n note_v what_o cassiodorus_n have_v l._n variarum_fw-la 3._o in_o explanation_n of_o the_o circensian_a game_n big_a a_o quasââ¦_n lunae_fw-la quadriga_fw-la solis_fw-la imitatione_n reperââ¦a_fw-la est_fw-la equi_fw-la desultorii_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la circensium_fw-la ministri_fw-la missââ¦s_fw-la denuntianââ¦_n exituââ¦os_n luciferi_fw-la praecursoriââ¦s_fw-la velocitââ¦tes_fw-la imitantur_fw-la imitantur_fw-la he_o point_v at_o the_o ridiculous_a opinion_n of_o xenophanes_n the_o colopââ¦onian_a who_o hold_v that_o the_o moon_n and_o star_n be_v certain_a cloud_n set_v on_o fire_n extinguish_v every_o day_n and_o rekindled_n at_o night_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o sun_n extinguish_v every_o night_n and_o rekindled_n every_o morning_n or_o to_o express_v it_o in_o minucius_n foelix_fw-la his_o word_n congregatis_fw-la ignium_fw-la seminibus_fw-la sole_n alios_fw-la atque_fw-la alios_fw-la semper_fw-la splendere_fw-la for_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n according_a to_o this_o tenet_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o their_o kindle_v and_o extinguish_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n like_o wise_a be_v heraclitus_n whence_o the_o proverb_n in_o plato_n heracliteo_fw-la sole_fw-la ci_fw-fr ius_fw-la extingui_fw-la from_o they_o epicurus_n receive_v by_o succession_n haereditatem_fw-la ââ¦tultitiae_fw-la as_o lactantius_n term_v it_o this_o inheritance_n of_o folly_n which_o he_o leave_v improve_v by_o himself_o and_o lucretius_n who_o thus_o assert_n it_o l._n 5._o conveniuââ¦_n ignes_fw-la &_o semina_fw-la multa_fw-la cââ¦fluere_fw-la ardoris_fw-la consuerunt_fw-la tempore_fw-la certo_fw-la quae_fw-la faciunt_fw-la solis_fw-la nââ¦_n semper_fw-la lumina_fw-la gigni_fw-la quod_fw-la genus_fw-la idaeis_n famââ¦_n est_fw-la è_fw-la montibus_fw-la alââ¦is_fw-la dispersos_fw-la ignes_fw-la oriââ¦i_fw-la lumine_fw-la cerni_fw-la ind_n cââ¦ire_fw-la globum_fw-la quasi_fw-la in_o uââ¦um_fw-la &_o conficere_fw-la orbem_fw-la by_o which_o instance_n of_o lucretius_n iââ¦_n may_v appear_v that_o epicurus_n do_v not_o hold_v so_o much_o the_o quotidian_n creation_n of_o a_o new_a sun_n as_o the_o daily_a renovation_n of_o the_o old_a to_o which_o horace_n in_o carmine_fw-la saecular_a seem_v to_o allude_v alme_n sol_fw-mi currââ¦_n nitidââ¦_n diââ¦m_fw-la qui_fw-la promis_fw-fr &_o celas_fw-la aliusque_fw-la et_fw-la idem_fw-la nasceris_fw-la and_o to_o this_o purpose_n i_o find_v his_o opinion_n express_v by_o gassendus_fw-la see_v the_o ocean_n compass_n the_o earth_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v extinguish_v by_o it_o in_o the_o west_n and_o return_v all_o along_o it_o by_o the_o north_n into_o the_o east_n and_o thence_o rise_v rekindled_n which_o yet_o little_o mend_v the_o matter_n matter_n to_o this_o may_v be_v apply_v that_o of_o plato_n in_o timaeo_n ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d ãâã_d etc._n etc._n thus_o interpret_v by_o cicero_n in_o his_o fragment_n of_o timaeus_n seu_fw-la de_fw-fr universe_n nec_fw-la maenus_fw-la ei_fw-la deus_fw-la affixit_fw-la quia_fw-la nec_fw-la capiendum_fw-la quicquam_fw-la erat_fw-la nec_fw-la repellendum_fw-la necpede_v nec_fw-la alia_fw-la membra_fw-la quibus_fw-la ingressu_fw-la corpus_fw-la sustineret_fw-la etc._n etc._n i._n e._n god_n affix_v to_o the_o world_n no_o hand_n because_o it_o be_v neither_o to_o take_v nor_o repel_v any_o thing_n nor_o foot_n nor_o other_o member_n whereby_o it_o may_v sustain_v its_o body_n by_o walk_v or_o go_v but_o give_v it_o a_o motion_n which_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o its_o figure_n wherefore_o by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o conversion_n it_o be_v whirl_v and_o turn_v about_o itself_o itself_o aristotle_n anaximander_n and_o their_o follower_n at_o this_o day_n hold_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v solid_a and_o the_o star_n fix_v therein_o as_o nail_n in_o a_o wheel_n or_o jewel_n in_o a_o ring_n the_o contrary_a to_o which_o opinion_n be_v here_o assert_v by_o our_o author_n with_o who_o concur_v among_o the_o ancient_n homer_n virgil_n cicero_n lucretius_n seneca_n ptolemy_n pliny_n metrodorus_n and_o other_o and_o of_o the_o modern_n the_o most_o eminent_a astronomer_n from_o tycho_n to_o this_o present_a who_o all_o maintain_v the_o heaven_n to_o be_v fluid_a and_o the_o star_n to_o move_v therein_o as_o fish_n in_o the_o water_n or_o bird_n in_o the_o air._n between_o these_o there_o be_v a_o middle_a opinion_n which_o maintain_v the_o heaven_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n to_o be_v solid_a but_o that_o of_o the_o planet_n to_o be_v fluid_a the_o first_o author_n of_o which_o distinction_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v empedocles_n of_o which_o see_v plutarch_n l._n 2._o de_fw-la placit_fw-la philosoph_n c._n 13._o and_o upon_o the_o whole_a subject_a matter_n ricciolus_n in_o almage_a nou._n l._n 9_o c._n 7._o 7._o this_o libration_n or_o suspension_n of_o the_o earth_n achilles_n tatius_n in_o arat._n phaenomen_fw-la thus_o illustrate_v if_o any_o one_o shall_v put_v a_o millet-seed_n or_o other_o small_a