not_o the_o bishop_n without_o the_o people_n nor_o the_o people_n without_o the_o bishop_n but_o both_o conjunct_o constitute_v that_o supreme_a tribunal_n which_o censure_v delinquent_n and_o transgressor_n as_o will_v be_v evident_a from_o what_o follow_v all_o the_o power_n that_o any_o church-court_n exert_v be_v derive_v from_o that_o promife_n and_o commission_n of_o christ_n in_o matth._n 16._o 18_o 19_o thou_o be_v peter_n and_o upon_o this_o rock_n will_v i_o build_v my_o church_n and_o the_o gate_n of_o hell_n shall_v not_o prevail_v against_o it_o and_o i_o will_v give_v unto_o thou_o the_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n and_o whatsoever_o thou_o shall_v bind_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n whatsoever_o thou_o shall_v loose_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v loose_v in_o heaven_n now_o this_o power_n some_o of_o the_o ancient_n mention_n as_o give_v to_o the_o bishop_n thus_o origen_n write_v 1._o that_o the_o bishop_n apply_v to_o themselves_o this_o promise_n that_o be_v make_v to_o peter_n teach_v that_o they_o have_v receive_v the_o key_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o heaven_n from_o our_o saviour_n that_o so_o whatsoever_o be_v bind_v that_o be_v condemn_v by_o they_o on_o earth_n be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o whatsoever_o be_v loose_v by_o they_o be_v also_o loose_v in_o heaven_n which_o say_v he_o may_v be_v orthodox_o enough_o apply_v to_o they_o if_o they_o hold_v peter_n confession_n and_o be_v such_o as_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n may_v be_v build_v upon_o and_o so_o also_o say_v cyprian_n 62._o the_o church_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o bishop_n by_o who_o every_o ecclesiastical_a action_n be_v govern_v other_o of_o the_o ancient_n mention_v this_o power_n as_o give_v to_o the_o whole_a church_n according_a to_o that_o in_o matth._n 18._o 15_o 16_o 17_o 18._o if_o thy_o brother_n shall_v trespass_v against_o thou_o go_v and_o tell_v he_o his_o fault_n between_o thou_o and_o he_o 〈◊〉_d if_o he_o shall_v hear_v thou_o thou_o have_v gain_v thy_o 〈◊〉_d but_o if_o he_o will_v not_o hear_v thou_o take_v with_o thou_o one_o or_o two_o more_o that_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o two_o or_o three_o witness_n every_o word_n may_v be_v establish_v and_o if_o he_o shall_v neglect_v they_o tell_v it_o unto_o the_o church_n but_o if_o he_o neglect_v to_o hear_v the_o church_n let_v he_o be_v unto_o thou_o as_o a_o heathen_a and_o a_o publican_n very_o i_o say_v unto_o you_o whatsoever_o you_o shall_v bind_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v bind_v in_o heaven_n and_o whatsoever_o you_o shall_v loose_v on_o earth_n shall_v be_v loose_v in_o heaven_n by_o the_o church_n here_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o particular_a church_n or_o parish_n unto_o which_o some_o of_o the_o father_n attribute_n the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n as_o tertullian_n 612._o if_o thou_o fear_v heaven_n to_o be_v shut_v remember_v the_o lord_n give_v its_o key_n to_o peter_n and_o by_o he_o to_o the_o church_n and_o firmilian_a 240._o the_o power_n of_o remit_v sin_n be_v give_v to_o the_o apostle_n and_o to_o the_o church_n which_o they_o constitute_v and_o to_o the_o bishop_n who_o succeed_v they_o now_o from_o this_o different_a attribution_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o key_n we_o may_v infer_v this_o that_o it_o be_v so_o lodge_v both_o in_o bishop_n and_o people_n as_o that_o each_o have_v some_o share_n in_o it_o the_o bishop_n have_v the_o whole_a executive_a and_o part_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o the_o people_n have_v a_o part_n in_o the_o legislative_a though_o not_o in_o the_o executive_a as_o for_o the_o executive_a power_n by_o which_o i_o understand_v the_o formal_a pronunciation_n of_o suspension_n and_o excommunication_n the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n in_o the_o absolution_n of_o penitent_n and_o such_o like_a that_o can_v be_v do_v by_o none_o but_o by_o the_o bishop_n or_o by_o person_n in_o holy_a order_n depute_a and_o commission_v by_o he_o as_o the_o sequel_n will_v evince_v but_o as_o for_o the_o legislative_a decretive_a or_o judicatorial_n power_n that_o 〈◊〉_d both_o to_o clergy_n and_o laity_n who_o conjunct_o make_v up_o that_o supreme_a consistorial_n court_n which_o be_v in_o every_o parish_n before_o which_o all_o offender_n be_v try_v and_o if_o find_v guilty_a sentence_v and_o condemn_v now_o that_o the_o clergy_n be_v member_n of_o this_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v a_o thing_n so_o evident_o know_v and_o grant_v by_o all_o as_o that_o it_o will_v be_v superfluous_a to_o heap_v up_o many_o quotation_n to_o prove_v it_o so_o that_o i_o shall_v but_o just_o confirm_v it_o after_o i_o have_v prove_v that_o which_o may_v seem_v more_o strange_a and_o that_o be_v that_o the_o laity_n be_v member_n thereof_o and_o judge_n therein_o be_v sharer_n with_o the_o clergy_n in_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o this_o will_n most_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o consideration_n of_o these_o follow_a testimony_n the_o first_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o that_o place_n of_o clemens_n romanus_n where_o he_o write_v 69._o who_o will_v say_v according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o moses_n if_o sedition_n contention_n and_o schism_n be_v happen_v because_o of_o i_o i_o will_v depart_v i_o will_v go_v wheresoever_o you_o please_v and_o i_o will_v do_v what_o be_v enjoin_v i_o by_o the_o people_n so_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n be_v in_o peace_n so_o origen_n describe_v a_o criminal_a as_o appear_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1._o before_o the_o whole_a church_n and_o dyonisius_n bishop_n of_o alexandria_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o fabius_n bishop_n of_o antioch_n speak_v of_o one_o serapion_n that_o have_v fall_v in_o the_o time_n of_o persecution_n who_o have_v several_a time_n appear_v before_o the_o church_n to_o beg_v their_o pardon_n but_o 246._o no_o one_o do_v ever_o take_v any_o notice_n of_o he_o but_o cyprian_n be_v most_o full_a in_o this_o matter_n as_o when_o two_o subdeacons_n and_o a_o acolyth_a of_o his_o parish_n have_v commit_v some_o great_a misdemeanour_n he_o profess_v that_o he_o himself_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a judge_n of_o their_o crime_n but_o 64._o they_o ought_v to_o be_v try_v by_o all_o the_o people_n and_o concern_v felicissimus_n the_o 〈◊〉_d he_o write_v to_o his_o people_n from_o his_o exile_n that_o if_o it_o please_v god_n he_o will_v come_v to_o they_o after_o easter_n and_o then_o that_o 94._o affair_n shall_v be_v adjust_v according_a to_o their_o arbitrement_n and_o common_a counsel_n and_o in_o another_o place_n he_o condemn_v the_o rash_a precipitation_n of_o some_o of_o his_o presbyter_n in_o admit_v the_o lapse_v to_o communion_n because_o of_o some_o pacificatory_a libel_n obtain_v from_o the_o confessor_n and_o charge_v they_o to_o admit_v no_o more_o till_o peace_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n and_o then_o they_o shall_v 30._o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o the_o clergy_n and_o before_o all_o the_o people_n and_o concern_v the_o same_o matter_n he_o write_v in_o another_o letter_n to_o the_o people_n of_o his_o parish_n 37._o that_o when_o it_o shall_v please_v god_n to_o restore_v peace_n to_o the_o church_n and_o reduce_v he_o from_o his_o exile_n that_o then_o it_o shall_v be_v examine_v in_o their_o presence_n and_o according_a to_o their_o judgement_n so_o that_o the_o consistory_n court_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o people_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o bishop_n each_o of_o who_o have_v a_o negative_a voice_n therein_o on_o one_o side_n the_o bishop_n can_v do_v nothing_o without_o the_o people_n so_o when_o several_a return_v from_o the_o schism_n of_o fortunatus_n and_o bishop_n cyprian_n be_v willing_a to_o receive_v they_o into_o the_o church_n peace_n he_o complain_v of_o the_o unwillingness_n of_o his_o people_n to_o admit_v they_o and_o the_o great_a difficulty_n he_o have_v to_o obtain_v their_o consent_n as_o he_o thus_o describe_v it_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o cornelius_n bishop_n of_o rome_n 143._o o_o my_o dear_a brother_n if_o you_o can_v be_v present_a with_o i_o when_o those_o man_n return_v from_o their_o schism_n you_o will_v wonder_v at_o what_o pain_n i_o take_v to_o persuade_v our_o brethren_n to_o be_v patient_a that_o lay_v aside_o their_o grief_n of_o mind_n they_o will_v consent_v to_o the_o heal_n and_o receive_v of_o those_o that_o be_v sick_a i_o can_v scarce_o 〈◊〉_d yea_o i_o extort_v a_o grant_n from_o my_o people_n that_o such_o 〈◊〉_d receive_v to_o communion_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o people_n can_v do_v dthe_v without_o the_o bishop_n as_o when_o one_o of_o the_o three_o bishop_n that_o 〈◊〉_d ordain_v novatian_n come_v back_o to_o the_o church_n and_o desire_a admission_n the_o people_n alone_o can_v not_o receive_v he_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n 〈◊〉_d for_o else_o they_o will_v
he_o that_o be_v condemn_v and_o bind_v by_o the_o church_n on_o earth_n remain_v bind_v none_o in_o heaven_n unloose_v he_o §_o 6._o no_o wonder_n then_o that_o man_n in_o their_o right_a sense_n be_v affrightn_v at_o the_o tremendous_a misery_n of_o a_o excommunicate_v condition_n and_o that_o when_o through_o their_o corrupt_a nature_n and_o wicked_a practice_n they_o have_v incur_v that_o sentence_n they_o never_o leave_v fast_v watch_v weep_v and_o the_o endurance_n of_o the_o severe_a course_n of_o mortification_n till_o they_o be_v absolve_v from_o it_o and_o reinstate_v in_o god_n and_o the_o church_n favour_n which_o bring_v i_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o search_v into_o the_o course_n that_o offender_n take_v to_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o church_n again_o the_o usual_a method_n whereof_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v thus_o all_o those_o that_o desire_v to_o be_v deliver_v from_o that_o miserable_a state_n in_o the_o first_o place_n in_o a_o most_o penitent_a and_o humble_a manner_n come_v weep_v and_o cry_v unto_o the_o church-door_n where_o they_o lie_v grovel_v on_o the_o ground_n prostrate_v themselves_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o faithful_a as_o they_o go_v into_o church_n and_o beg_v their_o prayer_n to_o god_n for_o they_o the_o behaviour_n of_o these_o man_n be_v thus_o elegant_o express_v by_o the_o clergy_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o cyprian_a 71._o let_v they_o say_v they_o knock_v at_o the_o church-door_n but_o not_o break_v they_o let_v they_o come_v to_o the_o threshold_n of_o the_o church_n but_o not_o pass_v over_o it_o let_v they_o watch_v at_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o celestial_a tent_n but_o arm_v with_o modesty_n by_o which_o they_o may_v remember_v they_o be_v deserter_n let_v they_o resume_v the_o trumpet_n of_o their_o prayer_n but_o not_o to_o sound_v a_o alarm_n to_o battle_n let_v they_o arm_v themselves_o with_o the_o dart_n of_o modesty_n and_o retake_v that_o shield_n which_o by_o their_o apostasy_n they_o lose_v that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v arm_v not_o against_o the_o church_n which_o grieve_v at_o their_o misery_n but_o against_o their_o adversary_n the_o devil_n a_o modest_a petition_n a_o bashful_a supplication_n a_o necessary_a humility_n and_o a_o industrious_a patience_n will_v be_v advantageous_a to_o they_o let_v they_o express_v their_o grief_n by_o their_o tear_n and_o their_o sorrow_n and_o shame_n for_o their_o crime_n by_o their_o groan_n so_o tertullian_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n describe_v one_o in_o this_o state_n 381._o by_o lie_v in_o sackcloth_n and_o ash_n by_o have_v a_o squalid_a body_n and_o a_o deject_a soul_n by_o fast_v pray_v weep_a groan_a and_o roar_a night_n and_o day_n by_o throw_v himself_o at_o the_o clergy_n foot_n and_o kneel_v before_o the_o faithful_a beg_v and_o desire_v their_o prayer_n and_o pardon_n §_o 7._o if_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n think_v their_o repentance_n to_o be_v real_a and_o those_o external_a expression_n of_o sorrow_n and_o grief_n to_o proceed_v from_o suitable_a affection_n of_o heart_n than_o they_o begin_v to_o incline_v to_o some_o term_n of_o remission_n and_o reconciliation_n and_o give_v the_o delinquent_n some_o hope_n of_o it_o by_o admit_v they_o to_o come_v into_o the_o church_n and_o to_o stay_v at_o some_o part_n of_o divine_a service_n but_o not_o at_o the_o whole_a of_o it_o to_o communicate_v with_o the_o faithful_a till_o they_o have_v for_o a_o long_a space_n of_o time_n which_o they_o then_o impose_v on_o they_o by_o their_o humble_a and_o modest_a carriage_n give_v good_a proof_n of_o their_o sorrow_n and_o repentance_n this_o fix_a time_n of_o trial_n be_v call_v the_o time_n of_o penance_n during_o which_o the_o penitent_a as_o he_o be_v now_o call_v appear_v in_o all_o the_o formality_n of_o sorrow_n with_o a_o course_n habit_n and_o a_o deject_a countenance_n continual_o fast_v and_o pray_v lament_a and_o bemoan_v the_o greatness_n and_o aggravation_n of_o his_o sin_n and_o wickedness_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o sundry_a place_n of_o the_o father_n all_o which_o to_o transcribe_v will_v be_v very_o tedious_a wherefore_o i_o shall_v content_v myself_o with_o translate_n a_o few_o elegancy_n pertinent_a to_o this_o purpose_n out_o of_o cyprian_n book_n de_fw-fr lapsis_fw-la wherein_o he_o thus_o inveigh_v against_o those_o who_o in_o a_o state_n of_o penance_n indulge_v themselves_o in_o the_o delight_n and_o enjoyment_n of_o the_o flesh_n 285._o can_v we_o think_v that_o that_o man_n weep_v with_o his_o whole_a heart_n and_o with-fasting_n tear_n and_o sigh_n beseech_v god_n who_o from_o the_o very_a first_o day_n of_o his_o offence_n daily_o frequent_v the_o bath_n who_o indulge_v to_o his_o gluttonous_a appetite_n this_o day_n vomit_v up_o his_o undigested_a crudity_n the_o next_o day_n and_o do_v not_o communicate_v of_o his_o meat_n and_o drink_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o poor_a he_o that_o go_v gay_a and_o jocund_a how_o do_v he_o bewayl_v his_o death_n do_v that_o woman_n weep_v and_o mourn_v who_o spend_v her_o time_n in_o put_v on_o splendid_a garment_n and_o do_v not_o think_v upon_o the_o garment_n of_o christ_n which_o she_o lose_v who_o seek_v after_o precious_a ornament_n and_o rich_a jewel_n and_o do_v not_o bewail_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o heavenly_a and_o divine_a adorn_v although_o thou_o put_v on_o exotic_a garb_n and_o silken_a garment_n thou_o be_v naked_a although_o thou_o beautifie_v thyself_o with_o gold_n and_o pearl_n without_o the_o beauty_n of_o christ_n thou_o be_v deform_v and_o thou_o who_o die_v thy_o hair_n now_o leave_v it_o off_o in_o this_o time_n of_o penance_n and_o thou_o who_o painte_v thy_o eye_n wash_v it_o off_o with_o thy_o tear_n if_o thou_o shall_v lose_v any_o one_o of_o thy_o dear_a friend_n by_o death_n thou_o will_v sorrowful_o weep_v and_o howl_v and_o express_v the_o greatness_n of_o thy_o sorrow_n by_o thy_o disregard_v face_n mourn_a garment_n neglect_a hair_n cloudy_a countenance_n and_o deject_a visage_n why_o o_o wretch_n thou_o have_v lose_v thy_o soul_n and_o will_v not_o thou_o bitter_o weep_v and_o continual_o lament_v 286._o now_o therefore_o pray_v and_o supplicate_v more_o earnest_o pass_v the_o day_n in_o weep_v the_o night_n in_o watch_v and_o cry_v both_o night_n and_o day_n in_o tear_n and_o lamentation_n prostrate_v yourselves_o upon_o the_o ground_n roll_v yourselves_o in_o dust_n and_o ash_n after_o have_v lose_v the_o garment_n of_o christ_n have_v no_o clothing_n here_o have_v taste_v the_o devil_n meat_n choose_v now_o to_o fast_o §_o 8._o how_o long_o these_o penitentiary_n station_n be_v can_v be_v define_v since_o they_o differ_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o the_o offender_n according_a to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o time_n and_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d court_n who_o impose_v they_o some_o be_v in_o the_o state_n of_o penance_n two_o year_n some_o three_o some_o five_o some_o ten_o some_o more_o some_o even_n to_o their_o life_n end_n but_o how_o long_o and_o rigorous_a soever_o their_o penance_n be_v they_o be_v patient_o humble_o and_o thankful_o to_o endure_v it_o the_o whole_a time_n be_v not_o absolve_v till_o they_o have_v undergo_v 164._o the_o legal_a and_o full_a time_n of_o satisfaction_n it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o in_o some_o extraordinary_a case_n the_o prudence_n of_o the_o church_n see_v fit_a to_o dispense_v with_o the_o usual_a length_n and_o severity_n of_o their_o inflict_v discipline_n as_o in_o 39_o case_n of_o death_n 132._o of_o a_o approach_a persecution_n or_o when_o a_o great_a multitude_n and_o eminent_a lead_v person_n be_v cencern_v in_o the_o same_o offence_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o trophimus_n which_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o 52d_o epistle_n of_o cyprian_a beside_o these_o the_o confessor_n claim_v the_o privilege_n of_o restore_v penitent_n before_o the_o usual_a time_n which_o irregular_a and_o unreasonable_a practice_n of_o they_o cause_v great_a disturbance_n to_o the_o church_n of_o carthage_n in_o the_o day_n of_o cyprian_a which_o may_v be_v see_v at_o large_a in_o several_a epistle_n extant_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o work_n but_o lay_v aside_o these_o unusual_a circumstance_n the_o fix_a period_n of_o penance_n be_v never_o anticipate_v but_o how_o long_o and_o severe_a soever_o it_o be_v the_o penitent_n cheerful_o submit_v to_o it_o when_o the_o appoint_a time_n of_o penance_n be_v end_v the_o penitent_a apply_v himself_o to_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n for_o absolution_n who_o 37._o examine_v his_o demeanour_n and_o action_n which_o if_o they_o approve_v and_o like_v they_o then_o proceed_v to_o the_o formal_a assoyl_a of_o he_o of_o which_o in_o the_o follow_a section_n §_o 9_o on_o the_o appoint_a day_n for_o absolution_n the_o penitent_a or_o he_o that_o be_v now_o to_o
not_o have_v 244._o so_o earnest_o press_v he_o 〈◊〉_d his_o permission_n as_o we_o find_v they_o do_v thus_o than_o we_o have_v view_v the_o member_n of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o have_v prove_v that_o they_o be_v all_o the_o member_n or_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o church_n clergy_n as_o well_o as_o laity_n and_o laity_n as_o well_o as_o clergy_n 〈◊〉_d one_o without_o the_o other_o but_o both_o together_o but_o now_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o people_n be_v encumber_a with_o earthly_a business_n and_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o they_o can_v constant_o give_v their_o attendance_n and_o narrow_o search_v into_o every_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v bring_v before_o they_o therefore_o we_o may_v suppose_v that_o the_o member_n of_o the_o presbytery_n who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o under_o the_o head_n of_o ordination_n be_v to_o be_v free_a from_o all_o worldly_a care_n and_o employment_n be_v appoint_v as_o a_o committee_n to_o prepare_v matter_n for_o the_o whole_a court_n a_o instance_n whereof_o we_o meet_v with_o in_o maximus_n vrbanus_n sidonius_n and_o some_o other_o that_o have_v join_v in_o the_o schism_n of_o novatian_n who_o be_v sensible_a of_o their_o fault_n 105._o come_v into_o the_o presbytery_n and_o desire_v the_o church_n peace_n the_o presbytery_n accept_v of_o their_o submission_n and_o propose_v it_o to_o the_o whole_a church_n who_o ready_o embrace_v it_o so_o that_o the_o presbytery_n prepare_v matter_n for_o the_o whole_a court_n which_o court_n be_v the_o supreme_a tribunal_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o that_o parish_n before_o who_o all_o matter_n that_o there_o occur_v be_v try_v and_o by_o who_o all_o be_v judge_v only_o when_o any_o great_a and_o difficult_a point_n be_v decide_v it_o be_v probable_a it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o desire_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o neighbour_a parish_n to_o come_v over_o and_o assist_v there_o in_o presence_n that_o so_o their_o censure_n may_v be_v the_o free_a from_o any_o imputation_n of_o partiality_n or_o injustice_n thus_o when_o a_o nice_a affair_n be_v to_o be_v determine_v at_o rome_n cornelius_n 104._o desire_v five_o bishop_n to_o assist_v that_o so_o what_o they_o do_v may_v be_v firm_a and_o indisputable_a §_o 4._o have_v thus_o find_v out_o the_o member_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a tribunal_n the_o next_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v be_v the_o manner_n and_o form_n of_o their_o proceed_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o judicial_a power_n and_o authority_n which_o by_o tertullian_n be_v describe_v to_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n when_o at_o their_o general_a assembly_n the_o other_o part_n of_o divine_a worship_n be_v end_v 709._o then_o follow_v exhortation_n reproof_n and_o a_o divine_a censure_n for_o the_o judgement_n be_v give_v with_o great_a weight_n as_o among_o those_o that_o be_v sure_a that_o god_n behold_v what_o they_o do_v and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o high_a preludium_n and_o forerunner_n of_o the_o judgement_n to_o come_v when_o the_o delinquent_n be_v banish_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o prayer_n assembly_n and_o all_o holy_a commerce_n approve_a elder_n preside_v there_o who_o obtain_v that_o honour_n by_o testimony_n not_o by_o price_n so_o that_o when_o the_o consistory_n be_v sit_v the_o bishop_n and_o his_o assist_a presbyter_n here_o call_v approve_v elder_n but_o common_o the_o presbytery_n preside_v and_o moderate_v all_o thing_n there_o propose_v and_o debate_v then_o the_o offender_n if_o possible_a be_v actual_o bring_v before_o they_o though_o the_o non-appearance_n of_o the_o criminal_n be_v no_o impediment_n to_o their_o proceed_n for_o notwithstanding_o they_o condemn_v they_o and_o censure_v they_o not_o only_o for_o those_o crime_n for_o which_o they_o be_v cite_v to_o appear_v but_o also_o for_o their_o contumacy_n and_o stubbornness_n as_o cyprian_n write_v 170._o the_o proud_a and_o obstinate_a be_v kill_v with_o the_o spiritual_a sword_n whilst_o they_o be_v cast_v out_o of_o the_o church_n and_o 191._o those_o that_o be_v stubborn_a and_o fear_v not_o god_n but_o go_v off_o from_o the_o church_n let_v no_o man_n accompany_v but_o yet_o i_o say_v if_o possible_a the_o offender_n personal_o appear_v that_o so_o their_o crime_n may_v be_v object_v to_o they_o to_o which_o they_o be_v to_o plead_v as_o cyprian_n say_v that_o the_o lapse_v 30._o be_v to_o plead_v their_o cause_n before_o the_o clergy_n and_o the_o whole_a church_n then_o the_o court_n consider_v the_o defendant_n plea_n as_o cyprian_n write_v 17._o that_o all_o thing_n be_v debate_v in_o common_a among_o they_o and_o if_o the_o bishop_n and_o majority_n of_o the_o court_n judge_v their_o defence_n insufficient_a they_o be_v vote_v by_o their_o common_a suffrage_n to_o be_v condemn_v and_o censure_v as_o cyprian_n write_v that_o 92._o whoever_o be_v excommunicate_v it_o be_v by_o the_o divine_a suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n the_o delinquent_n be_v thus_o cast_v or_o find_v guilty_a the_o next_o thing_n that_o succeed_v be_v the_o formal_a declaration_n of_o the_o sentence_n of_o the_o court_n which_o be_v pronounce_v as_o tertullian_n intimate_v in_o that_o forequote_v passage_n by_o one_o of_o the_o preside_a elder_n that_o be_v either_o by_o the_o bishop_n or_o a_o presbyter_n commission_v by_o he_o the_o manner_n of_o which_o pronunciation_n seem_v also_o from_o that_o passage_n to_o be_v thus_o he_o that_o pass_v the_o formal_a sentence_n on_o the_o criminal_a first_o begin_v with_o exhortation_n that_o be_v as_o we_o may_v reasonable_o suppose_v he_o exhort_v the_o faithful_a to_o use_v all_o diligent_a care_n and_o fear_v to_o avoid_v those_o sin_n and_o crime_n which_o have_v bring_v the_o offender_n before_o they_o to_o so_o lamentable_a and_o fatal_a condition_n then_o follow_v reproof_n which_o be_v sharp_a rebuke_n and_o reprehension_n to_o the_o delinquent_n for_o their_o foul_a miscarriage_n and_o enormous_a practice_n set_v forth_o the_o evil_a villainy_n and_o misery_n of_o they_o that_o they_o be_v provoke_v to_o god_n grievous_a to_o the_o faithful_a scandalous_a to_o religion_n and_o in_o fine_a ruine_v and_o pernicious_a to_o themselves_o in_o that_o it_o render_v they_o obnoxious_a to_o that_o divine_a censure_n which_o then_o immediate_o as_o the_o conclusion_n of_o all_o he_o formal_o pronounce_v on_o they_o which_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o four_o query_n viz._n what_o the_o primitive_a censure_n be_v of_o which_o in_o the_o follow_a section_n §_o 5._o now_o in_o answer_n hereunto_o as_o the_o church_n so_o her_o arm_n be_v spiritual_a her_o thunderbolt_n 〈◊〉_d in_o suspension_n and_o excommunication_n in_o eject_v and_o throw_v out_o of_o the_o church_n her_o scandalous_a and_o rot_a member_n not_o permit_v a_o re-induction_n of_o they_o till_o by_o visible_a sign_n of_o repentance_n they_o have_v satisfy_v for_o their_o crime_n and_o villainy_n various_a be_v the_o appellation_n that_o be_v give_v to_o the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o ancient_n by_o dionysius_n alexandrinus_n it_o be_v call_v 253._o a_o drive_v away_o from_o the_o church_n by_o tertullian_n 95._o a_o cast_v out_o from_o the_o church_n communion_n and_o 477._o a_o drive_v from_o communion_n by_o cyprian_a 90._o a_o separation_n from_o the_o church_n 92._o a_o ejection_n out_o of_o the_o church_n 170._o a_o kill_n with_o the_o spiritual_a sword_n and_o many_o other_o such_o like_a term_n occur_v in_o the_o father_n all_o tend_v to_o describe_v the_o fearfulness_n and_o misery_n of_o a_o excommunicate_v state_n so_o tremendous_a be_v it_o that_o whosoever_o be_v in_o that_o condition_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o accurse_a by_o god_n and_o real_o be_v so_o by_o man_n who_o esteem_v he_o as_o a_o limb_n of_o satan_n and_o a_o member_n of_o the_o devil_n shun_v his_o company_n as_o they_o do_v the_o plague_n or_o any_o other_o infectious_a disease_n 191._o those_o say_v cyprian_n that_o be_v proud_a and_o fear_v not_o god_n but_o go_v off_o from_o the_o church_n let_v no_o man_n accompany_v and_o therefore_o irenaeus_n speak_v concern_v the_o heretic_n who_o be_v all_o excommunicate_v say_v 63._o that_o according_a to_o the_o command_n of_o paul_n we_o must_v avoid_v they_o and_o john_n forbid_v we_o so_o much_o as_o to_o wish_v they_o god_n speed_n since_o by_o so_o do_v we_o communicate_v with_o their_o evil_a work_n and_o tertullian_n in_o that_o forementioned_a place_n write_v 709._o that_o the_o delinquent_n be_v banish_v from_o the_o communion_n of_o prayer_n assembly_n and_o all_o holy_a converse_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o one_o unworthy_a of_o humane_a society_n cast_v out_o of_o the_o church_n of_o god_n here_o and_o if_o impenitent_o die_v in_o that_o condition_n as_o certain_o exclude_v the_o kingdom_n of_o god_n hereafter_o for_o as_o origen_n write_v on_o matth._n 18._o 18._o on_o which_o text_n excommunication_n be_v found_v 1._o