the_o magnet_n be_v not_o so_o exact_a as_o the_o astronomical_a for_o as_o much_o as_o few_o or_o no_o place_n be_v find_v wherein_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n admit_v not_o a_o variation_n from_o the_o true_a point_n of_o north_n and_o south_n nevertheless_o this_o way_n be_v very_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v see_v at_o least_o in_o such_o place_n and_o manner_n as_o may_v favour_v exactness_n of_o observation_n hence_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v in_o particular_n what_o we_o observe_v before_o in_o general_a in_o our_o magnetical_a treatise_n that_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o globe_n be_v not_o mere_a imaginary_a fiction_n or_o bare_a respect_n grow_v out_o of_o the_o application_n of_o celestial_a body_n as_o some_o have_v think_v they_o but_o ground_v on_o the_o magnetical_a disposition_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n 8_o beside_o the_o astronomical_a and_o magnetical_a invention_n of_o the_o 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stone_n metal_n and_o other_o such_o body_n be_v to_o go_v too_o far_o out_o of_o my_o way_n without_o a_o guide_n i_o will_v give_v one_o only_a instance_n of_o tree_n whereof_o i_o will_v insert_v this_o problem_n 1_o by_o the_o incision_n of_o a_o tree_n to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n to_o perform_v this_o problem_n let_v there_o be_v choose_v out_o some_o tree_n in_o a_o open_a free_a field_n far_o from_o wall_n or_o other_o obstacle_n in_o such_o a_o place_n as_o it_o have_v be_v on_o either_o side_n free_o enlighten_v and_o heat_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n let_v the_o trunk_n of_o this_o tree_n be_v very_o right_a and_o sound_a let_v this_o trunk_n be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o midst_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o the_o section_n be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o underpart_n of_o the_o trunk_n be_v leave_v to_o stand_v in_o his_o former_a natural_a situation_n now_o the_o section_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v well_o plain_v will_v as_o in_o a_o plain_a discover_v diverse_a circle_n which_o be_v excentricke_a and_o not_o draw_v from_o the_o same_o centre_n but_o on_o the_o one_o side_n near_o together_o on_o the_o other_o further_o off_o that_o part_n than_o which_o show_v the_o circle_n thick_a and_o near_a together_o points_z out_o the_o north_n the_o other_o wherein_o the_o circle_n be_v wide_a and_o further_o off_o the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o design_v out_o the_o south-point_n betwixt_o both_o which_o if_o a_o right_a line_n be_v draw_v it_o will_v be_v the_o meridian_n for_o that_o place_n which_o experiment_n blanâ—anus_n as_o he_o write_v try_v in_o a_o plum-tree_n but_o give_v no_o reason_n for_o it_o the_o cause_n i_o take_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o the_o extension_n and_o diffusion_n of_o the_o sap_n or_o moisture_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v more_o on_o the_o southside_n than_o the_o north-side_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o sun_n in_o our_o clime_n respect_v we_o on_o the_o south_n never_o on_o the_o north._n hence_o be_v it_o that_o the_o circle_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o excrescence_n of_o the_o moisture_n be_v more_o rarify_v on_o the_o southside_n and_o therefore_o require_v a_o great_a place_n be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a 9_o have_v show_v the_o invention_n we_o be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o these_o meridian_n circle_n a_o meridian_n therefore_o be_v term_v either_o first_o or_o common_a the_o distinction_n of_o meridian_n into_o first_o and_o common_a have_v no_o footstep_n in_o nature_n but_o be_v a_o mere_a arbitrary_a imposition_n of_o ancient_a cosmographer_n for_o no_o reason_n beside_o conveniency_n can_v be_v show_v why_o one_o meridian_n shall_v be_v call_v first_o rather_o than_o another_o yet_o can_v this_o distinction_n be_v want_v to_o a_o geographer_n for_o as_o much_o as_o some_o settle_a bound_n must_v be_v set_v from_o which_o to_o begin_v our_o account_n of_o longitude_n 10_o the_o first_o meridian_n be_v that_o from_o which_o we_o begin_v to_o number_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o west_n to_o the_o east_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o all_o the_o rest_n may_v be_v call_v common_a or_o less_o notable_a the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n among_o who_o ptolemy_n be_v the_o chief_a have_v set_v the_o first_o meridian_n in_o the_o fortunate_a land_n from_o whence_o they_o begin_v their_o account_n pass_v eastward_o through_o europe_n and_o africa_n and_o so_o through_o asia_n to_o the_o uttermost_a part_n of_o india_n until_o they_o return_v again_o to_o the_o first_o meridian_n pass_v through_o the_o fortunate_a land_n some_o have_v doubt_v whether_o these_o land_n call_v by_o ptolemy_n the_o fortunate_a land_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o canary_n because_o as_o our_o countryman_n mr_n hues_n have_v observe_v the_o latitude_n give_v by_o ptolemy_n to_o the_o fortunate_a land_n agree_v not_o exact_o to_o the_o canary_n but_o rather_o to_o the_o land_n of_o cape-verde_a notwithstanding_o this_o observation_n i_o rather_o stick_v to_o the_o common_a opinion_n think_v it_o no_o unlike_a matter_n that_o ptolemy_n dwell_v far_o eastward_o and_o trust_v to_o other_o man_n observation_n shall_v err_v in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o other_o matter_n the_o reason_n why_o the_o first_o meridian_n shall_v be_v place_v here_o rather_o than_o elsewhere_o be_v think_v by_o some_o to_o be_v because_o the_o ancient_n suppose_a two_o magnetical_a pole_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o shall_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n now_o because_o in_o the_o canary_n land_n be_v find_v no_o variation_n at_o all_o they_o think_v it_o to_o be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o magnetical_a and_o the_o true_a meridian_n shall_v concur_v as_o wherein_o be_v both_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o of_o the_o loadstone_n which_o make_v they_o to_o make_v it_o the_o first_o meridian_n but_o this_o reason_n i_o take_v to_o be_v unlikely_a because_o as_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v by_o latter_a writer_n in_o the_o canary_n land_n themselves_o there_o be_v find_v a_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n although_o very_o little_a the_o reason_n whereof_o we_o have_v show_v to_o be_v because_o it_o be_v the_o midst_n betwixt_o two_o great_a continent_n to_o wit_n the_o one_o of_o europe_n and_o africa_n the_o other_o of_o america_n who_o magnetical_a temper_n be_v almost_o equal_a will_v not_o suffer_v the_o magnetical_a needle_n to_o move_v more_o one_o way_n then_o another_o moreover_o i_o be_o certain_o persuade_v as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v gather_v that_o this_o place_n of_o the_o first_o meridian_n be_v appoint_v here_o before_o any_o certainty_n be_v know_v of_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n the_o more_o probable_a conjecture_n therefore_o be_v that_o ptolemy_n here_o place_v the_o first_o meridian_n because_o it_o be_v the_o uttermost_a verge_n of_o land_n towards_o the_o west_n then_o discover_v never_o dream_v of_o a_o western_a world_n afterward_o detect_v and_o bring_v to_o light_v by_o christopher_n calumbus_fw-la and_o americus_n vesputius_n some_o of_o the_o latter_a geographer_n strive_v to_o be_v more_o exact_a have_v place_v the_o first_o meridian_n in_o their_o map_n out_o of_o the_o canary_n in_o the_o land_n of_o the_o azore_n call_v s._n michael_n island_n so_o that_o the_o first_o meridian_n of_o ptolemy_n differ_v from_o the_o place_n of_o these_o latter_a cosmographer_n about_o 9_o degree_n which_o be_v diligent_o to_o be_v note_v of_o such_o as_o begin_v the_o science_n because_o this_o variety_n not_o perceive_v will_v breed_v great_a error_n and_o confusion_n yet_o be_v not_o the_o first_o of_o ptolemy_n out_o of_o use_n but_o retain_v of_o many_o good_a geographer_n every_o other_o meridian_n in_o respect_n of_o this_o may_v be_v call_v common_a or_o less_o notable_a because_o this_o be_v most_o remarkable_a
geographie_n delineate_v forth_o in_o two_o book_n contain_v the_o spherical_a and_o topical_a part_n thereof_o by_o nathanael_n carpenter_n fellow_n of_o exeter_n college_n in_o oxford_n the_o second_o edition_n correct_v ecclesiast_n 1._o one_o generation_n come_v and_o another_o go_v but_o the_o earth_n remain_v for_o ever_o oxford_z print_v by_o john_n lichfield_n for_o henry_n cripps_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o henry_n curteyne_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la m._n dc_o xxxv_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a william_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n lord_n chamberlaine_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n right_o honourable_a this_o poor_a infant_n of_o i_o which_o i_o now_o offer_v to_o your_o honourable_a acceptance_n be_v consecrate_v you_o in_o the_o first_o conception_n if_o the_o hasty_a desire_n i_o have_v to_o present_v it_o make_v it_o as_o a_o abortive_a brat_n seem_v unworthy_a my_o first_o wish_n and_o your_o favourable_a patronage_n impute_v it_o i_o beseech_v you_o not_o to_o self-will_a but_o duty_n which_o will_v rather_o show_v herself_o too_o officious_a then_o negligent_a what_o i_o now_o dedicate_v rather_o to_o your_o honour_n than_o my_o own_o ambition_n i_o desire_v no_o far_o to_o be_v account_v i_o than_o your_o generous_a approbation_n wish_v it_o no_o other_o fate_n then_o either_o to_o die_v with_o your_o dislike_n or_o live_v with_o your_o name_n and_o memory_n the_o general_a acclamation_n of_o the_o learned_a of_o this_o age_n acknowledge_v with_o all_o thankful_a duty_n as_o well_o your_o love_n to_o learning_n as_o zeal_n to_o religion_n have_v long_o since_o stamp_v i_o you_o this_o arrogant_a desire_n of_o i_o ground_v more_o on_o your_o heroic_a virtue_n than_o my_o private_a end_n promise_v i_o more_o in_o your_o honourable_a estimation_n than_o some_o other_o in_o your_o greatness_n the_o expression_n of_o myself_o in_o these_o faculty_n beside_o my_o profession_n indebt_v more_o to_o love_n than_o ability_n set_v my_o ambition_n a_o pinch_n high_o than_o my_o nature_n but_o such_o be_v the_o magnificent_a splendour_n of_o your_o countenance_n which_o may_v easy_o lend_v your_o poor_a servant_n so_o much_o light_n as_o to_o lead_v he_o out_o of_o darkness_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o the_o base_a earth_n at_o once_o both_o view_n and_o guild_v his_o imperfection_n my_o language_n and_o formality_n i_o owe_v not_o to_o the_o court_n but_o university_n whereof_o i_o can_v but_o expect_v your_o honour_n to_o be_v a_o impartial_a umpire_n be_v a_o most_o vigorous_a member_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o other_o corporation_n if_o these_o fruit_n of_o my_o labour_n purchase_v so_o much_o as_o your_o honour_n least_o approbabation_n i_o shall_v hold_v my_o wish_n even_o accomplish_v in_o their_o end_n and_o desire_v only_a to_o be_v think_v so_o worthy_a in_o your_o honourable_a esteem_n as_o to_o live_v and_o die_v your_o honour_n in_o all_o duty_n and_o service_n to_o be_v command_v nathanael_n carpenter_n the_o analysis_n of_o the_o first_o book_n geography_n who_o object_n be_v the_o whole_a earth_n be_v either_o spherical_a which_o be_v twofold_a either_o primary_n which_o consider_v the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n either_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a wherein_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v two_o thing_n the_o principle_n whereof_o it_o consist_v to_o wit_n matter_n and_o form_n chapter_n 1._o propriety_n arise_v out_o of_o they_o which_o again_o be_v either_o real_a such_o as_o be_v assign_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o which_o be_v either_o elementary_a as_o the_o conformity_n of_o all_o the_o part_n concur_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o sphere_n chapter_n 2._o magnetical_a which_o be_v either_o partial_a as_o the_o coition_n direction_n variation_n declination_n chap._n 3._o totall_n as_o the_o verticity_n and_o revolution_n chap._n 4._o heaven_n wherein_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o site_n stability_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n chap._n 5._o imaginary_a such_o as_o be_v the_o circle_n and_o lineament_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o who_o invention_n and_o expression_n chap._n 6._o artificial_a in_o the_o artificial_a sphere_n represent_v the_o natural_a unto_o we_o which_o be_v either_o common_a or_o magnetical_a chap._n 7._o secondary_a which_o handle_v such_o matter_n in_o the_o sphere_n as_o secondary_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o first_o such_o be_v measure_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o diverse_a manner_n of_o invention_n chap._n 8._o distinction_n which_o be_v either_o space_n consider_v simple_o in_o themselves_o in_o which_o sort_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n chap._n 9_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o suffer_v manifold_a distinction_n chap._n 10._o distance_n which_o be_v either_o simple_a wherein_o be_v consider_v the_o longitude_n &_o latitude_n of_o place_n chap._n 11._o comparative_a wherein_o two_o place_n differ_v either_o in_o longitude_n or_o latitude_n or_o both_o be_v consider_v chap._n 12._o topical_a libro_fw-la 2o._o of_o the_o special_a content_n of_o each_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n according_a to_o the_o several_a theorem_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o matter_n and_o form_n 1_o in_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v more_o earth_n than_o water_n pag._n 8_o 2_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n together_o make_v one_o sphere_n pag._n 10_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o conformity_n of_o part_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o the_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n do_v natural_o conform_v and_o dispose_v themselves_o as_o well_o to_o the_o production_n and_o generation_n as_o to_o the_o continuance_n and_o preservation_n of_o it_o pag._n 14_o 2_o all_o earthly_a body_n incline_v and_o approach_v to_o the_o centre_n as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v 16_o 3_o of_o two_o heavy_a body_n strive_v for_o the_o same_o place_n that_o always_o prevail_v which_o be_v heavy_a 22_o 4_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o earth_n enjoy_v the_o low_a place_n the_o next_o the_o water_n and_o the_o last_o the_o air_n ibid._n 5_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o a_o attractive_a but_o a_o mere_a respective_a point_n 25._o 6_o the_o same_o point_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n and_o weight_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 26_o 7_o every_o point_n or_o centre_n of_o a_o weighty_a body_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n by_o a_o right_a line_n 27_o 8_o a_o heavy_a point_n move_v towards_o the_o centre_n will_v move_v fast_o in_o the_o end_n then_o in_o the_o beginning_n 28_o 9_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o magnitude_n towards_o the_o centre_n be_v not_o mere_o natural_a but_o mix_v with_o a_o violent_a motion_n 29_o 10_o the_o line_n wherein_o the_o centre_n of_o two_o heavy_a body_n be_v move_v downeward_o be_v continue_v will_v meet_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n 31_o 11_o two_o heavy_a body_n of_o the_o same_o figure_n and_o matter_n whether_o equal_a or_o unequal_a will_v in_o a_o equal_a time_n move_v in_o a_o equal_a space_n 32_o 12_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a 33_o 13_o the_o rugged_a and_o unequal_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n hinder_v not_o the_o spherical_a roundness_n of_o it_o 36_o 14_o the_o water_n concur_v with_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o globe_n be_v also_o spherical_a 38_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o partial_a magnetical_a affection_n in_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v of_o a_o magnetical_a nature_n and_o disposition_n pag._n 46_o 2_o the_o magnetical_a motion_n be_v excite_v in_o a_o small_a and_o unperceivable_a difference_n of_o time_n 49_o 3_o the_o motive_n quality_n be_v spread_v spherical_o through_o every_o part_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n 49_o 4_o the_o motive_n quality_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v strong_a of_o all_o in_o the_o pole_n in_o other_o part_n so_o much_o the_o strong_a by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v situate_v near_o the_o pole_n 50_o 5_o magnetical_a body_n move_v not_o uncertain_o but_o have_v their_o motion_n direct_v and_o conform_v to_o certain_a bound_n 52_o 6_o the_o magnet_n communicate_v his_o virtue_n to_o iron_n or_o steel_n if_o it_o be_v touch_v with_o it_o 55_o 7_o the_o magnetical_a coition_n be_v strong_a of_o all_o in_o the_o pole_n 56_o 8_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o loadstone_n turn_v to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n 57_o 9_o the_o contrary_a motion_n in_o magnet_n be_v the_o just_a confluxe_n and_o conformity_n of_o such_o body_n to_o magnetical_a union_n 59_o 10_o if_o any_o part_n southward_a of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v tear_v away_o or_o diminish_v so_o much_o
shall_v also_o be_v diminish_v of_o the_o north_n part_n 50_o 11_o the_o magnetical_a variation_n have_v no_o certain_a pole_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n 63_o 12_o the_o point_n of_o variation_n as_o of_o direction_n be_v only_o respective_a not_o attractive_a 65_o 13._o the_o variation_n of_o every_o place_n be_v constant_a not_o variable_a 66_o 14_o the_o variation_n be_v great_a in_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n ibid._n 15_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o latitude_n not_o in_o equality_n of_o degree_n but_o in_o proportion_n 69_o 16_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v cause_v not_o of_o the_o attractive_a but_o of_o the_o disponent_fw-la and_o conuersive_a virtue_n of_o the_o earth_n 70_o 17_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n have_v a_o variation_n 71_o chap._n iv._o of_o the_o total_a motion_n magnetical_a 1_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o her_o magnetical_a vigour_n be_v most_o firm_o seat_v on_o her_o axle_n who_o end_n or_o pole_n respect_v always_o the_o same_o point_n in_o the_o heaven_n without_o alteration_n 72_o 2_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n have_v a_o circular_a motion_n 76_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o site_n stability_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n 99_o 2_o the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n may_v be_v reconcile_v as_o well_o with_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o apparence_n of_o the_o heaven_n 110_o 3_o the_o earth_n be_v firm_o seat_v and_o settle_v in_o her_o proper_a place_n 115_o 4_o the_o earthly_a globe_n compare_v in_o quantity_n with_o the_o firmament_n &_o supreme_a orb_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v no_o sensible_a magnitude_n 118_o 5_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n compare_v with_o the_o inferior_a orb_n have_v a_o sensible_a magnitude_n 121_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a spheare·_n 1_o a_o circle_n though_o imaginary_a in_o itself_o have_v his_o ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 123_o 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o circle_n into_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o part_n have_v no_o certain_a ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n but_o only_o in_o conveniency_n 124_o 3_o by_o astronomical_a observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n 127_o 4_o to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n magnetical_o 129_o 5_o by_o the_o incision_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o meridian_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 131_o 6_o the_o meridian_n be_v find_v to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 137_o 7_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o meridian_n to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 138_o 8_o to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n magnetical_o 138_o 9_o the_o equatour_n be_v a_o unmoveable_a circle_n who_o pole_n never_o vary_v from_o the_o fixt-pole_n of_o the_o earth_n 140_o 10_o how_o to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n in_o a_o lesser_a circle_n answerable_a to_o the_o great_a 147_o 11_o the_o sensible_a and_o rational_a horizon_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v much_o different_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o firmament_n all_o one_o 151_o 12_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o place_n 153_o 13_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v so_o place_v on_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o may_v behold_v the_o whole_a hemisphere_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o yet_o no_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 154_o 14_o from_o the_o horizontall_a circle_n be_v reckon_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o any_o place_n assign_v 155_o 15_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizon_n for_o any_o place_n assign_v 156_o 16_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizontall_a plain_a 157_o 17_o the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n ibid._n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o artificial_a representation_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o part_n whereof_o the_o globe_n be_v geographical_o compound_v 163_o 2_o the_o use_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n be_v to_o express_v the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o have_v a_o diverse_a situation_n as_o well_o one_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o heaven_n 166_o 3_o of_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n ibid._n 4_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o artificial_a plain_a chart._n 168_o 5_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o geographical_a planispheare_n with_o their_o several_a distinction_n 175_o 6_o of_o the_o magnetical_a terrella_n 182_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n 1_o the_o common_a measure_n by_o which_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v know_v be_v mile_n and_o furlong_n 187_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n 188_o 3_o by_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o observation_n of_o a_o eclipse_n or_o some_o know_a star_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v know_v 189_o 4_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o noone-shadowe_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 190_o 5_o the_o opinion_n of_o cosmographer_n concern_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v diverse_a which_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o their_o error_n in_o observe_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n experimental_o according_a to_o miles_n furlong_n and_o such_o like_a measure_n 192_o 6_o how_o by_o the_o know_a height_n of_o some_o mountain_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 197_o 7_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o plain_a and_o convey_v superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n 198_o 8_o of_o the_o number_n of_o square_a mile_n contain_v in_o the_o earth_n 200_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n 1_o of_o the_o temperate_a and_o untemperate_a zone_n 204_o 2_o the_o tâ—rride_a zone_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o next_o be_v the_o two_o temperate_a the_o cold_a zone_n be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o 207_o 3_o the_o zone_n wherein_o any_o place_n be_v seat_v may_v be_v know_v either_o by_o the_o globe_n or_o geographical_a table_n or_o else_o by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n 208_o 4_o the_o zone_n and_o climate_n agree_v in_o form_n but_o differ_v in_o greatness_n number_n and_o office_n 211_o 5_o the_o iâ—â—ention_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o greatness_n 212_o 6_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o climate_n ibid._n 7_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o climate_n 213_o 8_o of_o the_o diversity_n betwixt_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geographer_n concern_v the_o place_n and_o number_n of_o the_o climate_n 214_o 9_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o parallel_n for_o each_o place_n 217_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o right_n oblique_a and_o parallel_n sphere_n with_o their_o property_n and_o distinction_n 220_o 2_o of_o the_o amphiâ—cij_n heteroâ—cij_fw-la &_o periscij_fw-la with_o their_o properperty_n 226_o 3_o of_o the_o perioecj_n antoeâ—j_n and_o antipode_n with_o their_o accident_n 228_o 4_o how_o the_o perioecj_n antecj_n and_o antipode_n be_v distinguish_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o celestial_a apparence_n 231_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1_o place_n enjoy_v the_o same_o longitude_n be_v not_o always_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o contrariwise_o 235_o 2_o the_o difference_n of_o longitude_n beget_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n 235_o 3_o of_o the_o lose_n or_o get_v of_o a_o day_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n in_o a_o voyage_n about_o the_o earthly_a globe_n 236_o 4_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n 240_o 5_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o clock_n watch_n or_o hourglass_n 242_o 6_o by_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o moon_n and_o some_o know_a star_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n 243_o 7_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n motion_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o place_n 246_o 8_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 247_o 9_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 10_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 11_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o a_o know_a star_n to_o know_v the_o latitude_n 250_o 12_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n on_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 252_o 13_o of_o the_o magnetical_a expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n 252_o chap._n xii_o of_o distance_n of_o place_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o 1_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o distance_n in_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n under_o the_o equatour_n in_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n 254_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o
we_o call_v it_o natural_a forasmuch_o as_o it_o issue_v and_o arise_v from_o the_o natural_a disposition_n and_o inclination_n of_o all_o the_o part_n to_o understand_v which_o clause_n the_o better_a we_o be_v to_o consider_v that_o a_o thing_n may_v be_v call_v natural_a two_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o primary_n intent_n of_o nature_n as_o the_o near_a and_o immediate_a end_n or_o scope_n to_o which_o she_o be_v direct_v second_o in_o respect_n of_o her_o secundary_a intent_n or_o purpose_n as_o that_o which_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v the_o former_a true_a it_o be_v that_o every_o terrene_a body_n according_a to_o nature_n first_o intention_n seek_v and_o work_v it_o be_v own_o perfection_n and_o conservation_n nevertheless_o according_a to_o her_o secundary_a intent_n it_o concurre_v to_o the_o perfection_n and_o good_a of_o the_o whole_a universe_n which_o we_o shall_v plain_o see_v in_o a_o stone_n or_o clodd_n of_o earth_n which_o separate_v and_o remove_v from_o its_o mother_n the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o his_o descent_n and_o fall_v downward_o seek_v first_o his_o own_o conservation_n by_o reunite_a itself_o to_o the_o earth_n whence_o it_o be_v take_v second_o of_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o by_o this_o union_n and_o addition_n no_o doubt_n be_v make_v more_o complete_a and_o perfect_a this_o conformity_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a part_n out_o of_o which_o arise_v the_o earth_n sphaericity_n i_o call_v the_o natural_a inclination_n they_o have_v to_o move_v and_o settle_v themselves_o in_o such_o a_o site_n or_o position_n as_o may_v bring_v forth_o a_o spherical_a consistency_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v possible_a as_o what_o can_v be_v to_o god_n almighty_a power_n that_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v dissolve_v and_o rend_v into_o little_a piece_n yet_o be_v that_o vigour_n and_o motive_n inclination_n remain_v in_o the_o part_n whereby_o they_o may_v settle_v and_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o same_o spherical_a nature_n and_o composition_n which_o it_o former_o enjoy_v for_o all_o the_o part_n thus_o suppose_v to_o be_v distract_v will_v no_o question_n meet_v together_o &_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o same_o point_n or_o centre_n and_o so_o equal_o poise_v themselves_o will_v restore_v the_o same_o sphere_n so_o dissolve_v so_o that_o we_o here_o note_v a_o double_a inclination_n and_o motion_n of_o earthly_a body_n first_o by_o a_o right_a line_n of_o the_o part_n tend_v towards_o the_o centre_n the_o other_o spherical_a of_o the_o whole_a sphere_n whereof_o the_o first_o in_o nature_n preceede_v the_o composition_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o other_o follow_v but_o this_o latter_a motion_n i_o leave_v doubtful_a till_o place_v convenient_a 6_o the_o conformity_n of_o the_o terrene_a part_n be_v twofold_a primarie_n or_o secondary_a the_o former_a be_v that_o whereby_o all_o earthly_a body_n be_v by_o a_o right_a line_n carry_v and_o direct_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n as_o in_o a_o artificial_a sphere_n or_o circle_n draw_v by_o a_o geometrician_n their_o principal_a part_n be_v express_v to_o wit_n the_o centre_n ray_n and_o circumference_n so_o in_o the_o natural_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n these_o three_o as_o it_o be_v naturally_n &_o real_o discover_v themselves_o unto_o us._n for_o first_o there_o be_v set_v a_o fix_a point_n to_o which_o all_o heavy_a body_n move_v and_o conform_v themselves_o second_o there_o be_v set_v the_o line_n or_o radius_fw-la in_o which_o such_o body_n be_v carry_v and_o convey_v three_o the_o confluence_n of_o all_o these_o part_n beget_v the_o roundness_n and_o spherical_a form_n to_o begin_v first_o with_o that_o which_o be_v first_o in_o nature_n we_o will_v take_v these_o ground_n 1_o all_o earthly_a body_n incline_v and_o approach_v to_o the_o centre_n as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v this_o proposition_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o two_o element_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v confirm_v by_o common_a experience_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o long_a demonstration_n for_o we_o see_v plain_o that_o not_o only_o these_o two_o do_v incline_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v all_o obstacle_n be_v remove_v to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o also_o all_o mix_a body_n compound_v of_o they_o be_v oversway_v with_o the_o most_o predominant_a element_n do_v challenge_n to_o themselves_o the_o same_o motion_n i_o say_v not_o that_o all_o these_o terrestrial_a body_n drive_v &_o meeâ—_n in_o the_o centre_n for_o that_o be_v impossible_a that_o all_o this_o massy_a sphere_n shall_v be_v contract_v to_o one_o point_n but_o that_o all_o the_o part_n have_v a_o mutual_a inclination_n to_o approach_v as_o near_o the_o centre_n as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o concurrence_n of_o they_o among_o themselves_o will_v suffer_v by_o these_o terrestrial_a body_n which_o enjoy_v this_o motion_n and_o inclination_n we_o understand_v first_o the_o two_o element_n of_o earth_n and_o water_n with_o all_o other_o body_n arise_v out_o of_o their_o mixture_n to_o these_o i_o may_v add_v the_o air_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o affinity_n with_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n and_o natural_a comformity_n to_o the_o same_o centre_n we_o may_v well_o term_v a_o earthly_a body_n it_o be_v common_o report_v that_o the_o air_n be_v lâ—ght_v and_o therefore_o carry_v upward_o not_o incline_v at_o all_o to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n as_o the_o part_n of_o these_o two_o element_n be_v but_o this_o assertion_n although_o bolster_v up_o both_o with_o antiquity_n and_o authority_n i_o take_v either_o to_o be_v false_a or_o misunderstand_v and_o that_o i_o speak_v no_o more_o herein_o than_o i_o can_v prove_v i_o will_v produce_v some_o reason_n strong_a enough_o as_o i_o think_v to_o persuade_v that_o the_o air_n be_v a_o heavy_a body_n have_v a_o due_a inclination_n and_o conformity_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n first_o therefore_o will_v i_o produce_v this_o experiment_n when_o a_o well_o or_o deep_a trench_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o the_o earth_n i_o will_v willing_o demand_v whether_o the_o air_n descend_v to_o fill_v up_o this_o trench_n or_o concavity_n or_o else_o a_o void_a space_n be_v leave_v unfurnished_a of_o any_o natural_a body_n to_o fill_v it_o if_o they_o admit_v the_o latter_a they_o will_v consequent_o bring_v in_o again_o that_o vacuum_n or_o void_a space_n which_o arist._n and_o all_o sound_a philosopher_n have_v long_a since_o proscribe_v the_o confine_n of_o nature_n if_o they_o affirm_v the_o former_a that_o the_o air_n descend_v to_o fill_v up_o this_o empty_a space_n i_o will_v ask_v again_o whether_o this_o descent_n of_o the_o air_n be_v violent_a or_o natural_a if_o they_o say_v natural_a they_o admit_v our_o assertion_n that_o the_o air_n natural_o descend_v towards_o the_o centre_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n that_o it_o be_v heavy_a and_o not_o light_a by_o nature_n neither_o according_a to_o our_o peripateticall-philosophy_n can_v we_o ascribe_v more_o than_o one_o motion_n to_o the_o air_n because_o it_o be_v a_o ground_n general_o receive_v among_o aristotelean_n that_o one_o simple_a body_n can_v claim_v but_o one_o simple_a motion_n much_o less_o one_o simple_a form_n as_o that_o of_o the_o air_n can_v produce_v two_o opposite_a and_o contrary_a motion_n such_o as_o be_v ascent_n and_o descent_n of_o the_o same_o body_n if_o they_o chance_v to_o light_v on_o the_o other_o member_n of_o our_o distinction_n and_o say_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n in_o this_o sort_n be_v violent_a it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v have_v some_o external_a cause_n or_o principle_n whence_o it_o shall_v proceed_v because_o all_o such_o motion_n proceed_v from_o external_a cause_n but_o here_o no_o such_o cause_n can_v be_v assign_v for_o the_o cause_n will_v be_v either_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v so_o make_v hollow_a or_o the_o emptiness_n or_o vacuum_n or_o at_o least_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o air_n that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v prove_v first_o because_o no_o philosopher_n have_v ever_o show_v any_o such_o attractive_a power_n to_o reside_v in_o the_o earth_n but_o rather_o the_o contrary_a because_o the_o earth_n and_o air_n by_o most_o have_v be_v think_v opposite_a in_o nature_n and_o repugnant_a one_o to_o the_o other_o second_o because_o philosophy_n teach_v that_o no_o agent_n can_v work_v upon_o a_o separate_a and_o distinct_a patient_n except_o there_o be_v a_o meeting_n of_o the_o agent_n and_o patient_n in_o some_o means_n but_o hear_v in_o this_o supposition_n the_o earth_n be_v imagine_v to_o draw_v and_o attract_v the_o air_n which_o as_o yet_o it_o touch_v not_o that_o this_o external_a cause_n be_v not_o the_o vacuum_n or_o emptiness_n be_v plain_a because_o it_o
express_v and_o show_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n by_o the_o directory_n needle_n equal_o poyze_v when_o it_o be_v set_v in_o any_o point_n of_o the_o horizon_n but_o this_o declination_n whereof_o we_o be_v now_o to_o speak_v be_v the_o motion_n of_o a_o iron-wire_n or_o needle_n first_o equilibrate_v and_o then_o stir_v up_o by_o the_o loadstone_n upon_o his_o own_o axis_n from_o that_o point_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o other_o end_n of_o it_o tend_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o we_o may_v for_o the_o better_a express_v of_o the_o motion_n note_v two_o thing_n 1_o that_o the_o magnetical_a wire_n set_v in_o a_o convenient_a instrument_n if_o it_o be_v carry_v from_o the_o aequator_fw-la to_o the_o pole_n or_o from_o one_o pole_n to_o another_o will_v by_o little_a and_o little_o turn_v itself_o round_o and_o make_v a_o circumvolution_n about_o his_o own_o axle_n 2_o that_o by_o this_o conversion_n and_o circumvolution_n about_o his_o axle_n it_o will_v according_a to_o diverse_a place_n and_o latitude_n make_v diverse_a angle_n in_o diverse_a place_n both_o which_o be_v include_v in_o this_o motion_n of_o declination_n and_o be_v warrant_v by_o experience_n make_v by_o a_o inclinatory_a needle_n apply_v to_o a_o terrella_n or_o round_a loadstone_n as_o also_o by_o the_o experience_n of_o navigation_n on_o the_o great_a sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o explain_v which_o motion_n there_o be_v curious_a instrument_n form_v and_o invent_v by_o dr_n gilbert_n and_o dr_n ridley_n which_o the_o curious_a in_o this_o kind_n to_o their_o great_a satisfaction_n may_v peruse_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o will_v here_o content_v ourselves_o with_o one_o figure_n follow_v borrow_a from_o their_o more_o copious_a invention_n wherein_o we_o shall_v find_v enough_o to_o express_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o motion_n in_o this_o figure_n let_v abcd_v be_v the_o terrella_n or_o round_a magnet_n represent_v the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n a_o the_o north-pole_n b_o the_o south_n aâ—b_n the_o axle_n ce_v the_o aequator_fw-la akb_n and_o alb_n the_o meridian_n circle_v meet_v in_o the_o pole_n ac_fw-la and_o bd_o the_o meridian_n or_o right_a horizon_n have_v in_o it_o the_o two_o pole_n fg_v and_o he_o two_o parallel_n the_o loadstone_n be_v thus_o design_v in_o his_o outward_a pole_n as_o it_o be_v according_a to_o his_o natural_a eminency_n store_v inward_o let_v the_o needle_n be_v place_v be_v before_o touch_v on_o the_o limb_n over-against_o the_o pole_n ab_fw-la and_o we_o shall_v observe_v they_o to_o respect_v they_o direct_o concur_v in_o one_o straight_a line_n with_o the_o axle_n of_o the_o earth_n then_o set_v the_o same_o needle_n in_o the_o limb_n over_o against_o the_o aequator_fw-la cd_o and_o they_o will_v dispose_v &_o settle_v themselves_o in_o a_o parallel_a site_n to_o the_o axle_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o incline_v neither_o to_o one_o pole_n or_o other_o hence_o may_v be_v collect_v by_o plain_a consequence_n that_o there_o be_v a_o semicircle_n betwixt_o each_o of_o these_o four_o needle_n now_o to_o find_v the_o quadrant_n of_o these_o apply_v needle_n in_o the_o limbeat_fw-la 33_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la on_o each_o side_n of_o he_o and_o they_o will_v make_v right_a angle_n with_o the_o axle_n of_o the_o same_o where_o these_o eight_o needle_n have_v 8_o quadrant_n between_o they_o that_o be_v four_o semi-circle_n which_o will_v make_v two_o whole_a circle_n one_o on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la but_o if_o you_o place_v the_o needle_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o pole_n they_o will_v respect_v the_o axle_n but_o oblique_o as_o in_o all_o other_o part_n except_o in_o the_o eight_o place_n beforementioned_a from_o hence_o may_v we_o learn_v what_o we_o propose_v first_o that_o the_o declination_n be_v a_o conversion_n of_o the_o magnetical_a wire_n or_o needle_n upon_o its_o own_o axle_n second_o that_o this_o wire_n by_o this_o motion_n so_o excite_v if_o it_o be_v move_v on_o any_o meridian_n north_n or_o south_n will_v apply_v and_o conform_v itself_o according_a to_o certain_a angle_n to_o the_o axle_n of_o the_o earth_n three_o there_o will_v arise_v this_o corollary_n that_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n about_o the_o round_a magnet_n make_v two_o circle_n concern_v this_o declination_n we_o will_v insert_v two_o especial_a theorem_n 1_o the_o declination_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o latitude_n not_o in_o equality_n of_o degree_n but_o in_o proportion_n it_o be_v manifest_a out_o of_o that_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v that_o this_o motion_n of_o declination_n suppose_v two_o motion_n the_o one_o of_o conversion_n whereby_o the_o needle_n be_v turn_v round_o on_o his_o own_o axis_n the_o other_o a_o progressive_a motion_n whereby_o the_o centre_n itself_o of_o the_o inclinatory_a needle_n be_v carry_v forward_o upon_o a_o meridian_n from_o north_n to_o south_n or_o contrariwise_o these_o two_o motion_n suppose_v to_o proceed_v and_o begin_v together_o can_v possible_o meet_v in_o such_o equality_n as_o that_o the_o degree_n of_o declination_n direct_o answer_v in_o equality_n to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n which_o be_v demonstrate_v by_o this_o figure_n here_o insert_v let_v the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v a_o this_o body_n while_o it_o shall_v be_v move_v above_o the_o earth_n from_o gd_a the_o equinoctial_a towards_o the_o pole_n b_o will_v be_v turn_v upon_o his_o own_o centre_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o progress_n of_o the_o centre_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o pole_n b_o it_o will_v be_v direct_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la d_o in_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o two_o pole_n therefore_o the_o middle_n must_v needs_o turn_v fast_o on_o his_o own_o centre_n than_o the_o centre_n itself_o turn_v forward_o that_o by_o this_o conversion_n it_o shall_v direct_o respect_v the_o point_n d_o wherefore_o this_o motion_n will_v be_v swift_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n to_o wit_n from_o a_o to_o l_o but_o in_o the_o latter_a it_o will_v be_v slow_a from_o l_o to_o b_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la from_o d_o to_z c._n now_o if_o the_o declination_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o latitude_n than_o the_o magnetical_a wire_n shall_v observe_v and_o follow_v the_o faculty_n and_o peculiar_a virtue_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o operative_a and_o attractive_a point_n but_o reason_n &_o experience_n teach_v that_o it_o observe_v the_o whole_a body_n and_o mass_n with_o all_o the_o external_a limit_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o loadstone_n the_o whole_a virtue_n and_o force_n of_o both_o concur_v aswell_o of_o the_o convertible_a wire_n as_o of_o the_o whole_a earth_n nevertheless_o from_o this_o experiment_n the_o skilful_a in_o magnetical_a philosophy_n have_v find_v out_o a_o proportion_n whereby_o the_o latitude_n of_o place_n may_v instrumental_o be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o degree_n of_o declination_n 2_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v cause_v not_o of_o the_o attractive_a but_o of_o the_o disponent_fw-la and_o conuersive_a virtue_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o admirable_a in_o nature_n than_o the_o order_n and_o situation_n of_o all_o body_n in_o their_o place_n most_o convenient_a for_o each_o one_o conservation_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o which_o harmony_n as_o we_o have_v teach_v in_o our_o second_o chapter_n it_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o proper_a motion_n convenient_a to_o place_n and_o seat_n itself_o both_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o itself_o and_o the_o whole_a universe_n this_o natural_a inclination_n be_v nowhere_o more_o eminent_a and_o cospicuous_a then_o in_o the_o harmony_n of_o magnetical_a body_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o sinew_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n these_o motion_n some_o have_v impute_v to_o the_o attractive_a force_n but_o very_o erroneous_o as_o we_o have_v prove_v already_o of_o direction_n and_o variation_n and_o shall_v here_o demonstrate_v concern_v the_o magnetical_a declination_n for_o first_o if_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o any_o attractive_a force_n approach_v it_o will_v follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o a_o terrella_n or_o round_a sphere_n make_v of_o a_o solid_a or_o perfect_a loadstone_n will_v more_o turn_v and_o wrest_v the_o magnetical_a needle_n then_o if_o it_o be_v make_v of_o a_o weak_a and_o more_o imperfect_a substance_n also_o that_o a_o needle_n touch_v with_o a_o strong_a stone_n shall_v show_v a_o great_a declination_n than_o that_o touch_v with_o a_o weak_a but_o experience_n have_v find_v the_o contrary_a because_o the_o declination_n will_v be_v all_o one_o be_v the_o stone_n strong_a or_o weak_a moreover_o a_o loadstone_n arm_v with_o a_o iron-nose_n as_o they_o term_v it_o put_v upon_o the_o meridian_n in_o any_o latitude_n will_v not_o lift_v up_o a_o piece_n of_o iron_n more_o perpendicular_o then_o if_o it_o be_v naked_a and_o uncover_v although_o
understand_v we_o be_v first_o to_o set_v down_o in_o a_o scheme_n or_o diagram_n both_o the_o number_n and_o order_n of_o all_o the_o heavenly_a orb_n conceive_v according_a to_o our_o ground_n second_o we_o must_v show_v in_o particular_a how_o this_o range_a of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o the_o motion_n and_o apt_a to_o satisfy_v the_o apparence_n in_o which_o part_n i_o will_v not_o too_o nice_o descend_v to_o astronomical_a curiosity_n be_v too_o many_o and_o subtle_a for_o a_o geographer_n to_o discuss_v only_o i_o will_v give_v a_o taste_n to_o satisfy_v such_o as_o suppose_v no_o middle_a way_n can_v be_v tread_v out_o betwixt_o ptolemy_n stability_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o copernicus_n his_o three_o motion_n i_o may_v seem_v perhaps_o presumptuous_a beyond_o my_o knowledge_n to_o reject_v and_o pass_v by_o the_o draught_n and_o delineation_n of_o ptolemy_n alphonsus_n and_o their_o follower_n which_o be_v common_o defend_v and_o in_o use_n or_o that_o other_o of_o copernicus_n support_v with_o the_o authority_n and_o credit_n of_o so_o great_a a_o astronomer_n or_o that_o of_o tichobrahe_n more_o correct_v then_o either_o and_o to_o prefer_v my_o own_o be_v a_o embryo_n or_o half_o fashion_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v first_o that_o i_o only_o expose_v this_o scheme_n follow_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o judicious_a justify_v it_o no_o far_o than_o will_v stand_v with_o astronomical_a observation_n second_o i_o herein_o arrogate_v little_a or_o nothing_o to_o myself_o for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o have_v digest_v and_o compound_v it_o out_o of_o the_o observation_n and_o experiment_n of_o late_a astronomer_n and_o only_o collect_v together_o what_o they_o scatter_a the_o scheme_n itself_o be_v express_v in_o this_o manner_n wherein_o to_o begin_v from_o the_o low_a the_o centre_n be_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o we_o have_v give_v a_o diurnal_a motion_n from_o the_o west_n to_o the_o east_n upon_o her_o own_o pole_n who_o revolution_n be_v make_v in_o 24_o hour_n about_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o moon_n be_v carry_v in_o her_o circle_n which_o among_o all_o the_o planet_n be_v find_v more_o near_o to_o respect_v the_o earth_n as_o well_o in_o place_n as_o nature_n next_o succeed_v the_o sun_n as_o the_o leader_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n which_o carry_v round_o about_o the_o earth_n in_o a_o annual_a circuit_n describe_v the_o ecliptic_a circle_n about_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o proper_a centre_n be_v all_o the_o planet_n move_v except_o the_o moon_n the_o two_o immediate_a companion_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v venus_n &_o mercury_n which_o so_o compass_v he_o about_o that_o the_o earth_n never_o come_v betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o sun_n the_o other_o three_o planet_n as_o mars_n jupiter_n and_o saturn_n howsoever_o they_o environ_v the_o sun_n as_o their_o proper_a centre_n yet_o so_o as_o within_o their_o circle_n they_o comprehend_v the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o planet_n mars_n because_o he_o be_v find_v by_o astronomer_n to_o move_v sometime_o above_o sometime_o under_o the_o sun_n be_v understand_v to_o move_v in_o such_o a_o circle_n which_o on_o the_o opposite_a side_n shall_v cut_v the_o circle_n of_o the_o sun_n yet_o so_o as_o mars_n and_o the_o sun_n can_v never_o meet_v in_o one_o point_n forasmuch_o as_o mars_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o planet_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o a_o epicycle_n about_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o keep_v a_o equal_a distance_n from_o he_o howsoever_o move_v neither_o be_v he_o ever_o find_v under_o the_o sun_n but_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o opposition_n as_o astronomer_n observe_v whence_o a_o cause_n have_v be_v give_v why_o mars_n shall_v appear_v great_a at_o the_o time_n of_o opposition_n these_o five_o planet_n to_o wit_n saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n venus_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v consider_v according_a to_o a_o double_a motion_n the_o one_o be_v proper_a and_o natural_a wherein_o they_o be_v move_v about_o the_o sun_n as_o their_o proper_a centre_n the_o other_o accidental_a and_o as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o consequence_n of_o nature_n whereby_o in_o their_o circuit_n move_v about_o the_o sun_n as_o their_o centre_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n by_o a_o consequent_a site_n of_o the_o place_n be_v carry_v about_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o sun_n place_v in_o his_o ecliptic_a line_n so_o compass_v round_o the_o earth_n that_o with_o he_o he_o be_v suppose_v to_o carry_v the_o epicyâ—les_n wherein_o these_o planet_n be_v move_v round_o about_a he_o whence_o we_o find_v the_o motion_n of_o these_o planet_n about_o the_o sun_n as_o their_o own_o centre_n to_o be_v regular_a but_o about_o the_o earth_n irregular_a which_o proceed_v from_o their_o excentricity_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n above_o all_o the_o planet_n we_o place_v the_o firmament_n or_o starry_a heaven_n have_v a_o very_a slow_a motion_n not_o to_o be_v finish_v in_o many_o thousand_o year_n and_o this_o motion_n be_v on_o other_o pole_n than_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n to_o be_v seek_v out_o in_o or_o near_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a this_o heaven_n will_v aristotle_n have_v to_o be_v the_o first_o movable_a and_o therefore_o give_v it_o a_o very_a swift_a motion_n which_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o call_v diurnal_a and_o have_v give_v to_o the_o earth_n but_o it_o seem_v more_o consonant_n to_o nature_n that_o the_o slow_a motion_n shall_v agree_v to_o the_o high_a body_n and_o the_o swift_a to_o the_o low_a that_o there_o may_v be_v a_o proportion_n betwixt_o the_o time_n and_o the_o space_n of_o motion_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o probable_o show_v that_o out_o of_o their_o supposition_n the_o celestial_a apparence_n may_v be_v as_o well_o or_o better_o salve_v then_o by_o the_o ordinary_a ground_n the_o apparence_n which_o be_v most_o call_v in_o question_n concern_v either_o the_o motion_n or_o the_o place_n and_o position_n all_o the_o 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hold_v that_o whole_a tract_n of_o earth_n to_o be_v habitable_a as_o we_o shall_v prove_v in_o our_o second_o book_n 14_o a_o parallel_n be_v a_o space_n wherein_o the_o long_a day_n be_v increase_v by_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n concern_v the_o parallel_n little_o can_v be_v say_v more_o than_o be_v have_v open_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o climate_n for_o as_o we_o show_v the_o one_o can_v be_v well_o understand_v without_o the_o other_o only_o to_o avoid_v ambiguity_n of_o speech_n we_o must_v consider_v that_o a_o parallel_n may_v be_v take_v either_o for_o a_o line_n or_o circle_n in_o which_o senfe_fw-mi we_o take_v it_o in_o the_o five_o chapter_n where_o we_o divide_v they_o into_o name_v or_o nameless_a or_o else_o for_o a_o space_n bound_v by_o circle_n as_o we_o here_o understand_v it_o the_o neglect_n of_o this_o distinction_n have_v make_v some_o geographer_n speak_v sometime_o improper_o the_o parallel_n be_v find_v out_o by_o this_o rule_n 1_o let_v the_o number_n of_o the_o long_a day_n above_o 12_o be_v multiply_v by_o 4_o and_o the_o product_n will_v show_v the_o parallel_n the_o reason_n be_v give_v before_o in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o climate_n because_o the_o parallel_n space_n according_a to_o latitude_n be_v but_o half_a the_o climate_n so_o that_o as_o in_o find_v out_o the_o climate_n for_o any_o place_n we_o ought_v to_o double_v the_o hour_n of_o the_o long_a day_n above_o 12_o so_o here_o we_o ought_v to_o quadruple_a they_o which_o be_v to_o multiply_v they_o by_o 4_o as_o for_o example_n at_o rome_n we_o find_v the_o long_a day_n to_o be_v about_o 15_o which_o exceed_v 12_o by_o 3_o which_o be_v again_o multiply_v by_o 4_o will_v produce_v 12_o which_o be_v the_o parallel_n for_o the_o place_n 2_o the_o parallel_n no_o where_o divide_v the_o climate_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n in_o the_o climate_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v two_o thing_n either_o their_o latitude_n or_o breadth_n from_o north_n to_o south_n or_o their_o longitude_n or_o extent_n from_o east_n to_o west_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o former_a we_o may_v hardly_o without_o sensible_a error_n call_v the_o parallel_n half_o the_o climate_n in_o regard_n the_o three_o line_n whereof_o the_o climate_n consist_v to_o wit_n the_o middle_a and_o the_o two_o extreme_n be_v not_o always_o of_o like_a distance_n but_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o circumference_n as_o be_v stretch_v i_o self_n betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v much_o more_o to_o wit_n that_o of_o two_o parallel_n divide_v the_o same_o climate_n betwixt_o they_o that_o that_o be_v manifest_o the_o great_a which_o be_v next_o the_o equatour_n and_o that_o be_v the_o least_o which_o be_v near_a to_o the_o pole_n because_o the_o circle_n which_o comprehend_v their_o parallel_n space_n continual_o decrease_v towards_o the_o pole_n so_o that_o if_o we_o imagine_v two_o man_n to_o travel_v round_o about_o the_o earth_n the_o one_o in_o a_o parallel_n near_o the_o equatour_n the_o other_o near_a the_o pole_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o he_o shall_v go_v far_o fast_a which_o be_v near_o the_o equatour_n than_o the_o other_o near_o the_o pole_n for_o howsoever_o columella_n seem_v to_o make_v a_o parallel_n to_o have_v in_o breadth_n 60_o foot_n and_o to_o intimate_v by_o consequence_n a_o equality_n of_o the_o parallel_n among_o themselves_o yet_o must_v this_o be_v understand_v of_o parallel_n which_o be_v near_o one_o to_o the_o other_o near_a the_o equatour_n which_o comprehend_v a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n and_o admit_v no_o sensible_a difference_n other_o matter_n which_o concern_v the_o climate_n and_o parallel_n shall_v be_v god_n will_v unfold_v in_o our_o table_n in_o the_o next_o chapter_n when_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o such_o other_o adjunct_n appertain_v without_o the_o which_o this_o treatise_n will_v be_v unperfect_a depend_v for_o a_o great_a part_n on_o such_o circumstance_n as_o our_o method_n admit_v not_o in_o this_o place_n but_o immediate_o follow_v chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o have_v hitherto_o treat_v of_o the_o distinction_n of_o space_n bound_v by_o circle_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n to_o wit_n zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n we_o be_v now_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n as_o such_o adjunct_n as_o proper_o belong_v to_o such_o space_n so_o far_o as_o it_o concern_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o whole_a sphere_n 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v twofold_a either_o absolute_a or_o comparative_a absolute_a as_o they_o may_v be_v consider_v in_o themselves_o without_o any_o comparison_n of_o one_o with_o the_o other_o 3_o the_o former_a be_v again_o twofold_a either_o from_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n or_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o sun-shadowe_n according_a to_o the_o position_n of_o the_o sphere_n the_o inhabitant_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v either_o a_o right_n oblique_a or_o parallel_n sphere_n according_a to_o their_o orison_n what_o these_o three_o sphere_n be_v may_v appear_v by_o that_o which_o we_o have_v former_o speak_v concern_v the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n in_o the_o six_o chapter_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o therefore_o need_v no_o far_a repetition_n we_o be_v in_o this_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o the_o several_a accident_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n out_o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o threefold_a sphere_n will_v arise_v 13_o manner_n of_o habitation_n which_o for_o more_o order_n sake_n we_o will_v reduce_v into_o certain_a head_n in_o this_o manner_n 4_o the_o people_n of_o a_o right_a sphere_n be_v such_o as_o enjoy_v aright_o horizon_n who_o propriety_n shall_v be_v declare_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o
expression_n and_o manner_n of_o description_n of_o region_n aswell_o in_o the_o find_n out_o the_o angle_n of_o position_n as_o translation_n of_o place_n former_o find_v out_o into_o the_o globe_n or_o chart._n chap._n 4._o special_a which_o contain_v the_o distinction_n of_o a_o place_n into_o sea_n who_o description_n be_v call_v hydrography_n in_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o adjunct_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v either_o internal_a which_o be_v inbred_a in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o again_o be_v either_o absolute_a such_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o sea_n without_o any_o comparison_n of_o it_o with_o the_o land_n here_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o the_o figure_n and_o quality_n chap._n 5._o 2_o the_o motion_n natural_a and_o violent_a chap._n 6._o comparative_a which_o concern_v the_o depth_n situation_n and_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n chap._n 7._o external_a which_o concern_v sea-trafficke_n and_o merchandise_n chap._n 8._o land_n which_o we_o term_v pedography_n who_o accident_n be_v either_o natural_a which_o be_v again_o divide_v into_o perpetual_a such_o as_o ordinary_o agree_v to_o the_o earth_n these_o again_o be_v either_o absolute_a wherein_o we_o have_v no_o respect_n unto_o the_o sea_n here_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n 1_o of_o river_n fountain_n and_o lakeâ—_n chap._n 9_o 2_o of_o mountain_n vallieâ—_n and_o plaine-region_n woody_a and_o champion_n country_n chap._n 10._o comparative_a wherein_o we_o consider_v the_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o land_n chap._n 11._o casual_a which_o seldom_o fall_v out_o such_o as_o be_v inundation_n and_o earthquake_n chap._n 12._o civil_a which_o concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o place_n in_o who_o we_o consider_v the_o original_a or_o offspring_n chap._n 13._o disposition_n which_o be_v vary_v either_o accorâ—â—â—â—_n 〈…〉_z 1_o site_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n chap._n 14._o 2_o soil_n chap._n 15._o geographie_n the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._o of_o topographie_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o place_n in_o the_o former_a treatise_n by_o god_n assistance_n we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o spherical_a part_n of_o geography_n it_o will_v in_o the_o second_o place_n seem_v convenient_a to_o speak_v of_o the_o topical_a part_n of_o it_o 2_o the_o topical_a part_n teach_v the_o description_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o place_n the_o nature_n of_o topographie_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o this_o second_o part_n be_v discover_v unto_o we_o not_o only_o in_o the_o name_n which_o promise_v a_o description_n of_o place_n but_o also_o in_o the_o difference_n set_v down_o by_o ptolemy_n himself_o betwixt_o the_o spherical_a and_o topical_a part_n the_o former_a of_o which_o he_o call_v geography_n and_o latter_a topographie_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v at_o large_a in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o our_o former_a book_n here_o only_o we_o will_v note_v this_o one_o distinction_n that_o tâ—â—ograhie_n may_v be_v tâ—ken_v either_o more_o general_o or_o special_o general_o we_o may_v take_v it_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o discover_v unto_o we_o either_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o all_o his_o part_n or_o at_o least_o some_o great_a and_o principal_a part_n such_o as_o be_v a_o empire_n region_n kingdom_n or_o such_o like_a more_o special_o and_o particular_o it_o have_v usual_o be_v take_v for_o the_o description_n of_o a_o very_a small_a place_n who_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v not_o note_v but_o of_o the_o part_v one_o to_o the_o other_o such_o as_o be_v city_n burrowes_n townes_n castle_n lake_n and_o river_n the_o former_a whereat_o we_o chief_o aim_v can_v well_o be_v perform_v without_o the_o use_n of_o the_o spherical_a part_n that_o latter_a we_o will_v more_o spare_o touch_v be_v a_o infinite_a task_n in_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o descend_v to_o all_o particular_n which_o come_v in_o our_o way_n yet_o shall_v we_o not_o altogether_o omit_v or_o neglect_v such_o circumstance_n in_o their_o due_a place_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o we_o can_v leave_v the_o rest_n to_o such_o topographer_n who_o spend_v their_o stock_n in_o the_o description_n of_o some_o particular_a place_n or_o region_n whereof_o this_o our_o age_n have_v produce_v many_o deserve_a high_a commendation_n this_o science_n be_v ancient_o adorn_v by_o homer_n anâ—â—imander_n milesius_n haecataeus_fw-la democritus_n eudoxius_n dicaearchus_n euphorus_n as_o we_o find_v in_o straboes_n first_o book_n to_o which_o afterward_o succeed_v eratosthenes_n polybius_n possidonius_fw-la and_o diverse_a other_o which_o part_n require_v little_a or_o small_a knowledge_n in_o the_o science_n mathematical_a but_o challenge_v more_o affinity_n with_o the_o physical_a and_o political_a part_n of_o philosophy_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o subject_n to_o popular_a understanding_n then_o the_o former_a and_o may_v without_o it_o afford_v some_o profit_n to_o the_o reader_n 3_o the_o topical_a part_n be_v either_o general_a or_o special_a the_o general_n be_v that_o which_o handle_v the_o general_a adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n 4_o a_o place_n be_v a_o superficial_a space_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n fit_v for_o habitation_n to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o place_n as_o it_o be_v here_o topographical_o take_v there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o concurrence_n of_o two_o thing_n which_o we_o may_v call_v matter_n and_o form_n the_o matter_n be_v the_o space_n contain_v or_o superficial_a platform_n of_o the_o earth_n whereon_o we_o dwell_v the_o form_n be_v the_o capability_n or_o aptness_n of_o it_o for_o habitation_n both_o which_o concur_v together_o be_v conceive_v to_o make_v a_o place_n such_o as_o we_o here_o topographical_o understand_v for_o here_o we_o understand_v not_o a_o place_n physical_o for_o the_o receptacle_n of_o a_o natural_a body_n in_o which_o sense_n the_o heaven_n and_o all_o the_o element_n be_v say_v to_o have_v their_o natural_a place_n neither_o yet_o geometrical_o for_o a_o plain_a whereon_o a_o line_n or_o figure_n may_v be_v draw_v but_o topographical_o for_o the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n whereon_o people_n or_o other_o live_a creature_n may_v inhabit_v this_o place_n as_o appear_v by_o reason_n and_o holy_a scripture_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o habitation_n for_o whereas_o in_o the_o first_o mass_n the_o earth_n be_v invelope_v with_o water_n on_o every_o side_n afford_v no_o place_n for_o dwell_v almighty_a god_n be_v say_v afterward_o to_o have_v separate_v and_o part_v the_o water_n from_o the_o dry_a land_n make_v the_o one_o a_o receptacle_n for_o fish_n and_o such_o creature_n of_o the_o deep_a the_o other_o for_o a_o dwell_a place_n for_o mankind_n and_o such_o creature_n as_o breath_n upon_o the_o land_n yet_o have_v he_o so_o provide_v in_o his_o divine_a wisdom_n that_o neither_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o land_n can_v well_o want_v the_o sea_n nor_o the_o live_a creature_n in_o the_o sea_n want_v the_o land_n the_o one_o appear_v in_o that_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o only_o for_o â—ood_a and_o nourishment_n whereof_o a_o great_a part_n consist_v of_o fish_n but_o also_o for_o our_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o foreign_a nation_n which_o be_v better_o effect_v by_o sea_n then_o land-voyage_n the_o latter_a be_v as_o easy_o show_v in_o that_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n derive_v not_o only_o their_o composition_n but_o also_o their_o proper_a nourishment_n from_o the_o land_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o speak_v hereafter_o now_o we_o be_v moreover_o to_o consider_v that_o a_o place_n may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n first_o more_o large_o for_o any_o place_n wherein_o a_o creature_n may_v live_v for_o long_a or_o short_a time_n second_o more_o strict_o for_o such_o a_o space_n of_o earth_n whereon_o mankind_n may_v convenient_o reside_v or_o dwell_v the_o former_a comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o land_n but_o also_o the_o water_n for_o experience_n show_v that_o man_n in_o ship_n may_v for_o a_o time_n reside_v and_o dwell_v on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n but_o the_o latter_a betoken_v a_o continuance_n of_o habitation_n be_v only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o land_n which_o sense_n howbeit_o it_o be_v more_o consonant_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n yet_o for_o method_n sake_n we_o be_v enforce_v to_o use_v the_o former_a understand_v by_o habitation_n not_o only_o a_o place_n of_o convenient_a residence_n but_o any_o other_o whereon_o a_o creature_n for_o a_o time_n may_v breathe_v and_o live_v 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v everywhere_o habitable_a it_o be_v a_o ancient_a opinion_n as_o we_o have_v former_o touch_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o everywhere_o habitable_a namely_o in_o the_o intemperate_a zone_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n
consider_v the_o natural_a change_n of_o country_n since_o the_o first_o creation_n we_o shall_v find_v they_o to_o have_v suffer_v as_o well_o in_o the_o natural_a accident_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n concern_v the_o former_a we_o may_v note_v a_o twofold_a alteration_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v a_o progress_n from_o imperfection_n to_o perfection_n the_o other_o contrariwise_o from_o perfection_n to_o imperfection_n the_o first_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o general_a industry_n of_o mankind_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o work_v every_o thing_n as_o near_o as_o it_o can_v to_o his_o best_a end_n and_o use_n for_o his_o own_o good_a and_o propagation_n of_o his_o kind_n which_o we_o may_v best_o find_v in_o the_o first_o original_n of_o the_o world_n the_o first_o groundwork_n of_o civil_a society_n for_o man_n be_v once_o expel_v out_o of_o paradise_n for_o his_o own_o transgression_n have_v leave_v he_o notwithstanding_o for_o his_o lot_n the_o whole_a world_n beside_o which_o no_o question_n he_o find_v as_o in_o the_o cradle_n of_o nature_n a_o poor_a infant_n as_o yet_o altogether_o unfashion_v and_o unshape_v for_o humane_a habitation_n for_o who_o can_v imagine_v the_o earth_n at_o that_o time_n to_o be_v any_o otherwise_o then_o as_o a_o vast_a wilderness_n all_o overgrow_v with_o brier_n and_o bush_n grow_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n out_o of_o the_o earth_n moreover_o what_o fen_n bog_n marsh_n and_o other_o such_o encumbrance_n can_v there_o be_v want_v to_o those_o place_n which_o never_o yet_o feel_v the_o chastise_v hand_n of_o husbandry_n all_o these_o incommodity_n as_o mankind_n begin_v to_o multiply_v and_o propagate_v itself_o on_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o remove_v and_o the_o earth_n reduce_v into_o a_o better_a form_n for_o humane_a dwell_n because_o every_o man_n choose_v out_o his_o own_o possession_n begin_v present_o to_o till_o and_o manure_v the_o soil_n with_o all_o heedful_a industry_n for_o if_o our_o first_o parent_n be_v place_v in_o paradise_n itself_o the_o most_o pleasant_a and_o fertile_a portion_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v nevertheless_o enjoin_v to_o dress_v and_o manure_v the_o garden_n for_o their_o better_a use_n and_o profit_n what_o shall_v we_o imagine_v of_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o no_o doubt_n a_o thousand_o degree_n come_v short_a of_o this_o perfection_n especial_o know_v this_o curse_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o man_n by_o our_o creator_n that_o he_o shall_v eat_v his_o bread_n in_o the_o sweat_n of_o his_o brow_n as_o though_o the_o earth_n be_v bind_v to_o open_v her_o treasure_n only_o to_o man_n pain_n and_o labour_n and_o howsoever_o the_o diligence_n of_o mankind_n have_v go_v very_o far_o in_o adorn_v and_o fashion_v the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o have_v it_o not_o wade_v so_o far_o but_o that_o many_o place_n in_o our_o time_n be_v leave_v altogether_o rude_a and_o unculter_v groan_v under_o vast_a wilderness_n and_o unprofitable_a desert_n for_o time_n pass_v we_o may_v have_v for_o instance_n go_v no_o far_a than_o brittany_n and_o germany_n both_o which_o country_n we_o shall_v find_v in_o these_o day_n to_o differ_v as_o much_o from_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n as_o caesar_n judge_v they_o to_o differ_v from_o the_o roman_a territory_n which_o no_o doubt_v he_o prefer_v before_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n notwithstanding_o this_o general_a inclination_n of_o mankind_n to_o perfect_v their_o dwell_a place_n for_o their_o better_a ease_n and_o comfort_n we_o shall_v find_v many_o way_n whereby_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v degenerate_v and_o prove_v more_o unfit_a for_o humane_a habitation_n then_o in_o former_a time_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o great_a and_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v that_o curse_n which_o our_o almighty_a creator_n cast_v on_o the_o whole_a earth_n for_o adam_n sake_n which_o afterward_o 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holy_a scripture_n and_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a â—hat_n many_o of_o those_o 〈◊〉_d people_n fetch_v their_o first_o original_n from_o they_o the_o second_a cause_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o tillage_n and_o manure_v of_o the_o ground_n wherein_o the_o southern_a inhabitant_n have_v be_v more_o deficient_a foâ—_n it_o be_v certain_a out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o noah_n ark_n wherein_o be_v thâ—_n seminary_n of_o mankind_n and_o almost_o all_o other_o liuâ—â—g_v 〈◊〉_d rest_v in_o â—he_n northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n whence_o both_o man_n and_o beast_n begin_v to_o be_v propagate_v towards_o the_o southâ—punc_fw-la no_o far_o than_o necessity_n enforce_v the_o region_n inhabit_v gâ—â—wing_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o populous_a and_o as_o iâ—_n be_v groan_v to_o be_v deliver_v oâ—_n some_o of_o her_o child_n hence_o may_v be_v infer_v too_o consecâ—aries_n first_o that_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n be_v 〈◊〉_d soon_o and_o be_v now_o therefore_o â—ore_o populous_a than_o the_o southern_a second_o that_o the_o chief_a and_o principal_a man_n which_o be_v best_a seat_v rathâ—r_n choose_v to_o keep_v their_o ancient_a habitation_n send_v such_o abroad_o who_o can_v either_o be_v best_a spare_v or_o have_v the_o small_a possession_n at_o home_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o they_o retain_v with_o they_o a_o sufficient_a company_n and_o more_o than_o go_v away_o out_o of_o which_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o northern_a half_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v best_o inhabit_v shall_v be_v best_o manure_v and_o culture_v from_o whence_o the_o ground_n must_v in_o time_n prove_v more_o fruitful_a and_o commodious_a for_o habitation_n for_o as_o a_o fruitful_a country_n for_o want_n of_o the_o due_a manure_a and_o tillage_n do_v degenerate_a and_o wax_v barren_a so_o diverse_a barren_a and_o sterile_a country_n have_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o 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guinia_n nubia_n egypt_n ethiopia_n superior_a in_o asia_n arabia_n india_n insulae_fw-la philippinae_fw-la in_o america_n nova_fw-la hispania_n hispaniola_n cuba_n with_o other_o part_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n to_o the_o pole_n we_o comprehend_v in_o europe_n groenland_n island_n friesland_n norwey_n suethland_n for_o the_o most_o part_n nova_fw-la zembla_n in_o asia_n a_o great_a part_n of_o scythia_n orientalis_n in_o america_n anian_n quivira_n with_o diverse_a other_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o both_o betwixt_o 30_o and_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n we_o comprehend_v in_o africa_n barbary_n in_o europe_n all_o the_o kingdom_n except_o those_o north_n province_n before_o name_v and_o almost_o all_o asia_n except_o some_o place_n towards_o the_o south_n as_o arabia_n india_n and_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la former_o place_v in_o the_o first_o section_n in_o like_a manner_n may_v we_o divide_v the_o southern_a hemisphere_n into_o three_o section_n in_o the_o first_o from_o the_o equatour_n 30_o degree_n we_o place_v in_o africa_n congo_n monomotapa_n madagascar_n in_o the_o southern_a tract_n beach_n and_o nova_fw-la guinia_n with_o many_o land_n thereunto_o adjoin_v as_o many_o of_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la with_o insulae_fw-la solomonis_fw-la in_o america_n peru_n tisnada_n brasilia_n with_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o region_n which_o they_o call_v america_n peruana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n to_o the_o antarctike_a pole_n be_v couch_v the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o great_a land_n scarce_o yet_o discover_v call_v terra_fw-la australis_fw-la incognita_fw-la in_o the_o middle_a region_n betwixt_o both_o from_o 30_o to_o 60_o degree_n shall_v we_o find_v place_v in_o america_n the_o region_n of_o the_o pantagones_n in_o the_o southern_a continent_n maletur_fw-la javaminor_fw-la with_o many_o other_o in_o discover_v the_o quality_n of_o these_o several_a section_n or_o partition_n of_o the_o earth_n our_o chief_a discourse_n must_v be_v address_v to_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n as_o that_o be_v more_o discover_v and_o know_v among_o old_a and_o new_a writer_n by_o which_o according_a to_o the_o former_a proposition_n one_o may_v parallel_v the_o other_o concern_v which_o we_o will_v infer_v these_o proposition_n 1_o in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n the_o first_o 15_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n be_v find_v somewhat_o temperate_a the_o other_o 15_o about_o the_o tropic_n exceed_v hot._n that_o the_o region_n lie_v under_o the_o equatour_n be_v temperate_o hot_a contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n almost_o of_o all_o the_o ancient_n have_v be_v in_o part_n prove_v heretofore_o as_o well_o by_o reason_n as_o experiment_n for_o that_o all_o place_n by_o how_o much_o the_o near_o they_o approach_v the_o equatour_n by_o so_o much_o more_o shall_v be_v hot_a as_o some_o imagine_v diverse_a instance_n will_v contradict_v it_o be_v report_v by_o aluarez_n that_o the_o abyssine_a ambassador_n arrive_v at_o lisbon_n in_o portugal_n be_v there_o almost_o choke_v with_o extreme_a heat_n also_o pâ—rguer_n the_o german_n relate_v that_o he_o have_v feel_v the_o weather_n more_o hot_a about_o dantzicke_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n then_o at_o tholouse_n in_o a_o â—eruent_a summer_n the_o cause_n which_o we_o have_v before_o touch_v be_v chief_o two_o the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v high_a in_o this_o orb_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o under_o the_o equatour_n and_o move_v more_o swift_o from_o they_o spend_v on_o they_o only_o twelve_o hour_n whence_o so_o great_a a_o impression_n of_o heat_n can_v be_v make_v as_o in_o other_o place_n for_o heat_n be_v a_o material_a quality_n must_v necessary_o require_v some_o latitude_n of_o time_n to_o be_v impress_v into_o the_o air_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n from_o the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o region_n must_v the_o air_n need_v receive_v into_o
geographer_n to_o observe_v in_o those_o matter_n shall_v general_o be_v comprise_v in_o this_o theorem_a 1_o wood_n in_o these_o day_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_a nor_o so_o great_a as_o in_o ancient_a time_n we_o can_v imagine_v otherwise_o then_o that_o the_o earth_n soon_o upon_o the_o flood_n bear_v in_o her_o womb_n the_o seed_n of_o all_o vegetal_n be_v inward_o moisten_v and_o outward_o comfort_v with_o heat_n shall_v present_o abound_v with_o plant_n of_o all_o sort_n in_o so_o much_o as_o in_o a_o short_a time_n each_o thing_n propagate_a itself_o by_o communication_n of_o his_o own_o seed_n the_o whole_a earth_n be_v overgrow_v as_o one_o forest_n but_o afterward_o as_o man_n begin_v to_o spread_v and_o multiply_v on_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n these_o wood_n and_o thicket_n begin_v to_o suffer_v chastisement_n under_o the_o hand_n of_o laborious_a husbandry_n for_o first_o to_o open_v a_o passage_n from_o one_o place_n unto_o another_o and_o that_o some_o parcel_n of_o 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for_o the_o other_o invention_n of_o letter_n howsoever_o it_o be_v by_o the_o grecian_n ascribe_v to_o cadmus_n as_o the_o first_o inuentour_n because_o he_o be_v the_o man_n that_o first_o discover_v it_o to_o the_o grecian_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o it_o be_v as_o ancient_a as_o seth_n and_o that_o print_n first_o come_v to_o we_o from_o this_o eastern_a part_n appear_v by_o john_n guttemberg_n who_o bring_v it_o first_o out_o of_o the_o eastern_a world_n which_o be_v conradus_n be_v instruct_v in_o bring_v the_o practice_n thereof_o to_o rome_n which_o afterward_o one_o gesnerus_fw-la a_o frenchman_n much_o better_v and_o perfect_v for_o howsoever_o among_o the_o europaean_n this_o invention_n seem_v but_o new_o bear_v yet_o the_o chinois_n have_v it_o before_o either_o the_o egyptian_n or_o phaenician_o when_o the_o grecian_n have_v neither_o knowledge_n nor_o civility_n which_o be_v witness_v above_o a_o hundred_o year_n go_v by_o the_o spaniard_n and_o portugall_n 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plain_n of_o shinaar_n in_o which_o place_n stand_v babylon_n the_o chief_a seat_n of_o the_o caldaean_o to_o this_o they_o add_v the_o testimony_n of_o metasthenes_n herodotus_n câ—esias_n &_o xenophon_n which_o have_v afterward_o be_v second_v by_o diogenes_n laertius_n philo_n porphyry_n in_o a_o certain_a epistle_n to_o boethus_n clemens_n alexandrinus_n in_o stromatis_n eusebius_n de_fw-la euangelica_fw-la demonstratione_fw-la theodoretus_n lib_n 1._o de_fw-la graecarum_fw-la affectionum_fw-la ouratione_fw-la rabbi_n moses_n maymonis_fw-la filius_fw-la lib_n 3._o cap._n 30._o perplexorum_fw-la with_o almost_o all_o the_o interpreter_n of_o the_o hebrew_n all_o which_o with_o uniform_a consent_n have_v affirm_v that_o civility_n art_n and_o science_n derive_v their_o first_o descent_n from_o the_o caldaean_o hence_o they_o feign_v that_o prometheus_n be_v a_o caldaean_n for_o that_o he_o recall_v man_n from_o a_o wild_a life_n to_o a_o more_o civil_a conversation_n and_o teach_v the_o regular_a motion_n of_o the_o star_n and_o planet_n before_o unknown_a steal_v fire_n from_o heaven_n and_o animate_v man_n form_v out_o of_o clay_n with_o a_o celestial_a soul_n but_o above_o all_o which_o may_v be_v collect_v in_o this_o kind_n no_o small_a argument_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o mark_n and_o footstep_n of_o the_o hebrew_n and_o chaldy_n tongue_n which_o in_o no_o mixture_n of_o tongue_n or_o process_n of_o time_n can_v ever_o be_v abolish_v for_o this_o be_v the_o first_o of_o all_o other_o language_n be_v preserve_v by_o abraham_n and_o his_o posterity_n and_o challenge_v antiquity_n before_o ever_o the_o latin_a or_o grecian_a tongue_n have_v any_o memory_n in_o so_o much_o as_o all_o the_o ancient_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n be_v find_v in_o most_o of_o their_o original_a name_n of_o god_n people_n prince_n and_o place_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o hebrew_n or_o chaldey_n tongue_n differ_v only_o in_o dialect_n which_o without_o manifest_a wrest_n and_o absurdity_n can_v well_o be_v derive_v from_o other_o latter_a language_n the_o first_o father_n of_o the_o people_n of_o europe_n be_v japhet_n the_o son_n of_o noah_n according_a to_o the_o joint_a consent_n of_o hebrew_n grecian_n and_o latin_n to_o which_o allude_v the_o poet_n where_o he_o say_v audax_fw-la japetigenus_fw-la this_o name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o japhet_n in_o hebrew_a signify_v asmuch_o as_o dilatation_n or_o enlargement_n whereas_o the_o greek_a etymologist_n ridiculous_o draw_v it_o from_o many_o other_o original_n in_o the_o like_a sort_n tacitus_n ignorant_a of_o the_o hebrew_n will_v have_v the_o people_n of_o palestine_n to_o be_v call_v judaei_n quasi_fw-la idaei_n from_o the_o mountain_n ida_n in_o crete_n from_o which_o he_o dream_v they_o be_v derive_v whereas_o the_o word_n in_o the_o chaldy_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o praiser_n in_o like_a manner_n jon_n or_o according_a to_o homer_n jaon_n suppose_v the_o first_o author_n of_o the_o jones_n will_v the_o grecian_n derive_v from_o a_o flower_n whereas_o the_o word_n in_o hebrew_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o a_o deceiver_n whence_o daniel_n prophesy_v of_o alexander_n the_o great_a that_o the_o king_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v jaan_n or_o javan_n shall_v reign_v in_o assiria_n instance_n in_o this_o kind_n be_v infinite_a as_o of_o danaus_n draw_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dan_n which_o signify_v a_o judge_n whence_o come_v dardanus_n which_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o judge_n of_o janus_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d jaijn_n signify_v wine_n in_o which_o sense_n he_o be_v by_o halicharnisseus_fw-la call_v oenotrius_n of_o achaeis_n which_o signify_v greece_n egypt_n which_o be_v straight_o or_o narrow_a nimrode_n rebellious_a ninus_n a_o son_n ninive_n the_o house_n of_o ninus_n solon_n quasi_fw-la solam_fw-la a_o peacemaker_n so_o cadmus_n suppose_v to_o be_v the_o father_n of_o letter_n and_o learning_n among_o the_o grecian_n signify_v in_o the_o original_n so_o much_o as_o a_o eastern_a man_n or_o a_o ancient_a man_n shall_v we_o run_v any_o further_a on_o this_o point_n we_o shall_v be_v think_v to_o write_v a_o dictionary_n for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o the_o ancient_a name_n among_o the_o grecian_n spring_v from_o the_o same_o fountain_n whence_o that_o egyptian_a priest_n have_v good_a reason_n to_o object_n to_o solon_n that_o the_o grecian_n seem_v child_n because_o they_o have_v nothing_o ancient_a among_o they_o but_o to_o better_a purpose_n a_o christian_a object_v to_o the_o grecian_n that_o moses_n the_o lawgiver_n to_o the_o christian_n be_v ancient_a than_o all_o the_o grecian_a god_n other_o reason_n be_v take_v from_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o hebrew_n out_o of_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v derive_v all_o the_o famous_a religion_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o to_o let_v pass_v the_o christian_n jewish_a &_o mahometan_a religion_n at_o this_o day_n flourish_v all_o of_o they_o challenge_v great_a antiquity_n and_o take_v a_o great_a