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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A02921	A learned and fruitefull commentarie vpon the Epistle of Iames the Apostle vvherein are diligently and profitably entreated all such matters and chiefe common places of religion as are touched in the same epistle: written in Latine by the learned clerke Nicholas Hemminge, professour of diuinitie in the Vniuersitie of Hafnie, and nevvly translated into English by VV.G.	Hemmingsen, Niels, 1513-1600.; Gace, William.	1577 (1577)	STC 13060; ESTC S103941	145,341	189

iudge so well of vs. The sixt let the dignitie of a Christian name come into our mind Which name ought truly not without most iust cause to be holy among Christians It is a shamefull and an vnseemely thing for a man that is borne of a noble and famous house to follow trades that are seruile and contemptible least that he doth any whit distaine the nobilitie of the house whereof he commeth much more vnseemely is it that the children of God doe defile themselues with any blemish which afterwarde may spread ouer the whole familie of God The seuenth punishment in the heires is to be feared For if any man by vniust gaine heapeth vp much goods for his heires he shall not escape punishment For God doth eyther in the sight of them take out of the worlde them who they hoped should haue bene their heires that they may see their owne vanitie and amend or els he punisheth the heires by forsaking them suffering them to runne headlong into sundrie vices that those thinges which were vniustly gotten may most dishonestly be dispersed and perish vnto the certayne destruction of the heires The eyght let this cogitation come into the mind that oftentimes the children of poore and honest parents haue come vnto verie great dignities that not by the meanes of riches which they had not but by the benefite of excellent sciences of honestie of wisedome of prudence I could name euen domesticall examples but because they are knowne I let them passe But contrariwise that many to whom great riches were left of their forefathers haue bin eyther brought vnto extreeme pouertie through their owne fault or els haue bine as painted tables profitable to nothing in the common weale altogither like to the wooers of Penelope and the swine of Epicure borne to consume the fruite of the earth Let this cogitation admonish the godly that they doe rather leaue vnto their children vertue and a good name then without vertue many riches which children are seldome wont to vse but to their owne destruction This saying of Cicero is worthie of remembrance the best inheritance which is giuen of fathers to their children and more excellent then euerye patrimonie is the glorie of vertue and noble actes And agayne a father can leaue no monument more notable or famous than a sonne which is the image of his maners of his vertue constancie godlynes and witte I hope that I haue profitably added these admonitions to the disputation of vsurie nowe I desire the godly reader that he will weigh them godly and take them into his counsell in all his busines Of the fift IT remayneth which in the last place we propounded to speake of the office of the ministers of the worde whose dutie is in the steade of God as Preachers sent of him to lift vp their voyce as a trumpet and to accuse the sinnes of men hauing no regard of persons yet not without spirituall wisedome which taketh heede that nothing be done vnseemely or amisse First therefore let the Ministers of the worde earnestly and sharply condenme euery vniust bargayne yea and that vsurie which is condemned by the worde of God and let them shewe that no vniust bargayne can stande with true godlynes Then lette them diligently see that they iudge not too rashlye or too sharply of bargaynes which the magistrate approueth Let them put a difference betwene those bargaines which God in his manifest worde hath prohibited and those which the lawes doe wisely ordeyne for the maintaining of humane societie and let them not vnder a pretence of vsurie condemne those bargaynes in which in deede there is no vsurie Moreouer let them reforme as much as they can manifest errours in bargaynes by Ecclesiasticall discipline and that not of any priuate affection but with sage and wyse counsell least that correction out of due season doth hurt more than profite Furthermore although the Preachers of God can not correct all faultes in bargaynes yet let them not trouble the Church but commende the thing vnto God and pray that he will put to his hande For where there is any perill of schisme the sentence of excommunication being already pronounced against many I iudge that they ought altogither to abstayne from excommunication The tares truly are to be rooted out as Augustine sayth so that the wheate be not pulled vp togither with them Wherefore in amending maners let them followe this moderation let them correct the horrible sinnes of many not with might but with counsell let them reforme them not with threatening but with admonishing But contrariwise let them chastyce the sinnes of a fewe with seueritie least that they take force and inuade the multitude Which when it is done they are more hardly corrected Finally let them most diligently admonishe the rich men that they suffer not them selues to be deceyued by their riches and that they take heede least that they being beguyled by the deceytfull reasons of the foolishe fleshe doe lose the fayth and fall into the snares of Satan Let them admonishe also that the Lorde did not say in vayne that it is an harde thing for a rich man to enter into the kingdome of heauen Let them nowe and then commend the true vse of riches vnto them Let them shewe that Christ woulde therefore haue in his Church certayne needie and naked members of his bodie that he might trie the rich men whether they did by a true fayth loue him in his members or no. These aduertisements we haue giuen to the Ministers of the Gospell which are of the simpler sorte the other especially they that are more exercised in the ministerie doe easily vnderstande by themselues howe the worde of God is to be decided and applied Of Lending LEnding doth followe which doth not alienate a thing into the proper possession of the receyuer as it is done in the former bargaynes but doth only alienate the vse of the thing and that for a time that the very same thing in due time may be restored agayne This contract hath the name of the vse of it bicause the things that we borowe doe bring vnto vs some commoditie and profite Let this kynde of contract be without deceyt both in the lender and also in the borower and let it be subiect to the lawe of charitie Of hyring and letting out LEt the bargaynes of hyring and letting out be subiect to the custome and condition of the time and place yet so that there be no departing from the lawe of charitie He therefore which letteth out the vse of his thing or his labour according to the custome of the Realme and other circumstances maye require a pryce or rewarde of him that hireth it He which will not paye it is vniust Herevnto me thinketh pertayneth the bargayne which the Lawyers call emphuteusis that is planting or graffing therefore so called bicause they that in times past did hire

we doe rightly say that ciuil gouernment is not meete for Bishops those sayings doe sufficientlye shewe which put a difference betweene the ministerie of the Gospell and ciuill gouernement As my father sent me sayth the Lorde so sende I you My kingdome is not of this worlde The kings of the Gentiles reigne ouer them but ye shall not be so The weapons of our warfare are not carnall But the Papistes obiect that certayne Prouinces were giuen to the Romane Bishoppe of Constantine If we graunt this to be true though it be most false yet though that power was giuen to Syluester it was not lawfull for him to receyue it in that function in which he was and to deliuer it to his successours Bicause euerye one ought to doe the duties of his vocation according to the saying Studie to be quiet and to meddle with your owne businesse The Bishop ought to teach the King to gouerne and ouersee armies stipends warres the peace of the bodies These things therefore are not to be committed to a pastour but let euery one in his calling be mindefull of his rule Doe your owne businesse Agayne let euery one walke as God hath called him Agayne doe those things deuoutly which God hath commaunded thee The saying therefore but it shall not be so with you maye not onely be vnderstande thus that Christ doth not giue ciuill power with the ministerie of the Gospell but also that it be not taken or exercised of him that is in y e ministerie When as the Papists obiect the aunswere of the Lorde to the saying Beholde here are two swordes they doe sufficiently declare that they deale Sophistically and subtilly For when he aunswereth that it is ynough he signifieth the complaynt concerning the two sortes of enimies It is ynough that the swords both of the high Priests and also of Pilate are drawne against you Hereof without all doubt is concluded that ciuil gouernement is not meete for Bishoppes and Pastours Wherefore Christierne the thirde king of Denmarke did well and godly when he transferred the dominion and rule of Bishops vnto himselfe to preserue and maintaine the studies necessarie to the Church and to represse the enemies of the Gospell Moreouer wheresoeuer the reuenues of the Church are as yet more plentifull as where it is well looked vnto them of whome it is sayde a godly King or Prince ought as a stewarde and nourisher of the Church to haue regarde of the goods that remayne and especially to take heede that the goodes of the Church be not possessed of ydle bellies which neyther haue serued the Church at any time neyther doe serue it neyther are able to serue eyther it or the cōmon weale For as the Lorde aboue is the defender of other publike goods so is he also the defender of the goods of the Church And as it belongeth to the king if a citie doe bestowe the goodes of the treasure yll and amisse to prouide and see that they be more diligently and profitably bestowed so also doth it belong to Kings and Princes to haue a care of the goods of the Church that those things which haue hitherto serued superstition may nowe be applyed to their true vses But in the meane season let euery one take hede least that vnder a pretence of godlynes he conuert the goodes of the Church to riot and prophane vses 7 Be pacient therefore brethren vnto the comming of the Lorde Vpon the rebuking of rich men he bringeth in an exhortation to godly poore men that when they see what kynde of ende there shall be of them which abuse their riches in this lyfe they may rather paciently beare the present miseries then that they will desire the riches of rich men with perill of their saluation And this is the proposition of the exhortation Beholde the husbandman vvaiteth for the precious fruite of the earth and hath long pacience for it vntill he receyue the earely and the latter rayne 8 Be ye also pacient therefore and settle your hearts for the comming of the Lorde dravveth neare The first reason of the proposition is taken of the example of husbandmen Euen as husbandmen labouring in tilling and sowing their fieldes doe paciently looke for frute so the godly ought by pacience to looke for the ende of faith which is the saluation of their soules That is called former rayne which falleth in the Spring time the seede being nowe newly cast into the earth That is called latter rayne which falleth in the Autumne when the eares of corne are full whereby the graines do swell and are made bigger The reason of the calling thereof is bicause the whole time that the seede is in the ground is compared to one day y e beginning whereof is the Spring time and the ende the Autumne 9 Grudge not one against an other brethren least ye be condemned beholde the Iudge standeth before the doore The seconde reason taken from the punishment of impacience By the name of grudging is signified an inwarde complaynt which proceedeth from impacience To stand before the doore is to be neare at hande 10 Take my brethren the Prophets for an ensample of suffring aduersitie and of long pacience vvhich haue spoken in the name of the Lorde The thirde reason of the example of the Prophetes who though they did supplie the place of the Lorde in preaching the worde yet they were not free from affliction wherein they declared exceeding great pacience See the 11. Chap. of the Epistle to the Hebrues 11 Behold vve count them blessed vvhich endure The fourth reason taken from thinges that are adiacent or adioyned one to an other They are sayde to be blessed which suffer Matth. 5. Therfore it behoueth vs patiently to suffer present afflictions But they are blessed two maner of wayes by feeling and by the euent or ende By feeling because they doe in deede vnder the Crosse feele the presence of God comforting them By euent or ende because they shal in deede be deliuered according to the promise of Christ Matth. 5. Ye haue heard of the patiēce of Iob and haue knovven vvhat ende the Lord made The fift reason taken of the ende of present remedies which he sheweth by propounding the famous example of holy Iob. Iob was afflicted aboue measure but the ende which the Lord gaue was most ioyfull For the time of affliction being ouercome he receyued cōfort and was gloriously deliuered from all his afflictions And so in our present troubles and miseries our eyes are to be fastened not so much vpon these miseries as vpon the ioyfull ende of them For the Lorde is very pitifull and mercifull The confirmation of the fift reason taken from the affection of God toward them which doe beare afflictions patiently in fayth Because oftentimes mention is made in the Scripture of the mercy of God and that for most iust cause and God is saide to be