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earth_n author_n heat_n zone_n 15 3 12.4936 5 false
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A58184 Three physico-theological discourses ... wherein are largely discussed the production and use of mountains, the original of fountains, of formed stones, and sea-fishes bones and shells found in the earth, the effects of particular floods and inundations of the sea, the eruptions of vulcano's, the nature and causes of earthquakes : with an historical account of those two late remarkable ones in Jamaica and England ... / by John Ray ... Ray, John, 1627-1705. 1693 (1693) Wing R409; ESTC R14140 184,285 437

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plant_n as_o they_o do_v even_o in_o spain_n itself_o i_o shall_v first_o of_o all_o propose_v this_o opinion_n in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o author_n and_o then_o discourse_v a_o little_a upon_o it_o after_o he_o have_v enumerate_v many_o of_o the_o high_a ridge_n and_o tract_n of_o mountain_n in_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n he_o thus_o proceed_v each_o of_o which_o far_o surpass_v the_o usual_a height_n to_o which_o the_o aqueous_a vapour_n of_o themselves_o ascend_v and_o on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o the_o air_n be_v so_o cold_a and_o rarify_v as_o to_o retain_v but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o those_o vapour_n that_o shall_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o wind_n those_o vapour_n therefore_o that_o be_v raise_v copious_o in_o the_o sea_n and_o by_o the_o wind_n be_v carry_v over_o the_o low_a land_n to_o those_o ridge_n of_o mountain_n be_v there_o compel_v by_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o air_n to_o mount_v up_o with_o it_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n 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think_v the_o collection_n of_o water_n condense_v out_o of_o vapour_n unless_o we_o consider_v how_o vast_a a_o tract_n of_o ground_n that_o river_n drain_v and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o all_o those_o spring_n which_o break_v out_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o carpathian_n mountain_n and_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o immense_a ridge_n of_o the_o alps_o which_o be_v one_o continue_a chain_n of_o mountain_n from_o switzerland_n to_o the_o black_a sea_n and_o it_o may_v almost_o pass_v for_o a_o rule_n that_o the_o magnitude_n of_o a_o river_n or_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n it_o evacuate_v be_v proportionable_a to_o the_o length_n and_o height_n of_o the_o ridge_n from_o whence_o its_o fountain_n arise_v now_o this_o theory_n of_o spring_n be_v not_o a_o bare_a hypothesis_n but_o found_v on_o experience_n which_o it_o be_v my_o luck_n to_o gain_v in_o my_o abode_n at_o st._n helena_n where_o in_o the_o night_n time_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n about_o eight_o hundred_o yard_n above_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v so_o strange_a a_o condensation_n or_o rather_o precipitation_n of_o the_o vapour_n that_o it_o be_v a_o great_a impediment_n to_o my_o celestial_a observation_n for_o in_o the_o clear_a sky_n the_o dew_n will_v ●all_n ●o_o ●ait_o as_o to_o cover_v each_o half_a quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n my_o glass_n with_o little_a drop_n so_o that_o i_o be_v necessitate_v to_o wipe_v they_o off_o so_o often_o and_o my_o paper_n on_o which_o i_o write_v my_o observation_n will_v immediate_o be_v so_o wet_a with_o the_o dew_n that_o it_o will_v not_o bear_v ink_n by_o which_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v how_o fast_o the_o water_n gather_v in_o those_o mighty_a high_a ridge_n i_o but_o
some_o stop_v be_v put_v prove_v from_o the_o continual_a streightning_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o lower_v the_o mountain_n and_o high_a ground_n by_o rain_n flood_n and_o river_n wash_v away_o and_o carry_v down_o the_o earth_n and_o from_o the_o sea_n encroach_a upon_o the_o share_v 283_o to_o 296._o a_o large_a quotation_n out_o of_o josephus_n blancanus_n demonst●ating_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o many_o argument_n 296._o sect._n 2._o the_o second_o probable_a mean_n or_o cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n viz._n the_o extinction_n of_o the_o sun_n 314._o sect._n 3_o the_o three_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n the_o eruption_n of_o the_o central_n fire_n 316._o that_o the_o be_v of_o such_o a_o fire_n be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a either_o to_o scripture_n or_o reason_n 318_o 320._o sect._n 4._o the_o four_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n dissolution_n the_o earth_n dryness_n and_o inflammability_n in_o the_o torrid_a z●ne_n and_o the_o concurrent_a eruption_n of_o v●l●ane●●_n 323._o that_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a to_o the_o aequator_fw-la do_v not_o diminish_v 323._o that_o though_o there_o be_v such_o a_o dry_n and_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n it_o will_v not_o probable_o infer_v a_o conflagration_n 324_o 325._o that_o there_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v nor_o in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n can_v be_v any_o such_o dry_n or_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n 326._o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o natural_a mean_n deny_v 328_o 329._o the_o fixedness_n and_o intransmutability_n of_o principle_n secure_v the_o universe_n from_o dissolution_n destruction_n of_o any_o present_a species_n or_o by_o production_n of_o any_o new_a 330._o chap._n vi_o contain_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o question_n whether_o shall_v this_o dissolution_n be_v effect_v by_o natural_a or_o extraordinary_a mean_n and_o what_o they_o shall_v be_v 331._o chap._n vii_o the_o three_o question_n answer_v whether_o shall_v the_o dissolution_n be_v gradual_a and_o successive_a or_o momentanoun_n and_o sudden_a 334._o chap._n viii_o the_o four_o question_n resolve_v whether_o shall_v there_o be_v any_o sign_n or_o forerunner_n of_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n 337._o chap._n ix_o the_o five_o question_n debate_v at_o what_o period_n of_o time_n shall_v the_o world_n be_v dissolve_v and_o particular_o whether_o at_o the_o end_n of_o six_o thousand_o year_n 342._o chap._n x._o how_o far_o shall_v this_o dissolution_n or_o conflagration_n extend_v whether_o to_o the_o aetherial_a heaven_n and_o all_o the_o host_n of_o they_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n or_o to_o the_o aerial_a only_o 349._o chap._n xi_o the_o seven_o and_o last_o question_n whether_o shall_v the_o whole_a world_n be_v consume_v and_o destroy_v or_o annihilate_v or_o only_o refine_v and_o purify_v 353._o the_o restitution_n and_o continuance_n of_o the_o world_n prove_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o scripture_n and_o antiquity_n and_o also_o by_o reason_n 358._o the_o argument_n for_o the_o abolition_n and_o annihilation_n answer_v 360_o 362._o chap._n xii_o the_o inference_n the_o apostle_n make_v from_o the_o precedent_a doctrine_n of_o future_a reward_n and_o punishment_n the_o eternity_n of_o future_a punishment_n prove_v from_o the_o authority_n of_o scripture_n and_o antiquity_n how_o the_o eternity_n of_o punishment_n can_v consist_v with_o the_o justice_n and_o goodness_n of_o god_n from_o p._n 364._o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o book_n discourse_n i._n of_o the_o primitive_a chaos_n and_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n in_o the_o former_a edition_n of_o this_o treatise_n this_o discourse_n concern_v the_o primitive_a chaos_n and_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o that_o other_o concern_v the_o destruction_n thereof_o by_o the_o water_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o way_n of_o digression_n because_o i_o design_v not_o at_o first_o to_o treat_v of_o they_o but_o only_o of_o the_o conflagration_n or_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n by_o fire_n but_o be_v afterward_o when_o i_o have_v make_v a_o considerable_a progress_n in_o the_o dissolution_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o some_o friend_n because_o of_o their_o relation_n to_o my_o subject_n prevail_v upon_o to_o say_v something_o of_o they_o but_o now_o that_o i_o be_o at_o liberty_n so_o to_o do_v i_o shall_v not_o handle_v they_o any_o more_o by_o the_o by_o but_o make_v they_o substantial_a part_n of_o my_o book_n and_o dispose_v they_o as_o be_v most_o natural_a accord_v to_o their_o priority_n and_o posteriority_n in_o order_n of_o time_n begin_v with_o the_o chaos_n and_o creation_n chap._n i._n testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a heathen_a writer_n concern_v the_o chaos_n and_o what_o they_o mean_v by_o it_o it_o be_v a_o ancient_a tradition_n among_o the_o heathen_a that_o the_o world_n be_v create_v out_o of_o a_o chaos_n first_o of_o all_o the_o ancient_a greek_a poet_n hesiod_n who_o may_v contend_v for_o antiquity_n with_o homer_n himself_o make_v mention_n of_o it_o in_o his_o theogonia_n not_o far_o from_o the_o beginning_n in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v a_o chaos_n and_o a_o few_o verse_n after_o speak_v of_o the_o immediate_a production_n or_o offspring_n of_o the_o chaos_n he_o say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o chaos_n proceed_v hell_n and_o night_n or_o darkness_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v its_o foundation_n or_o occasion_n from_o the_o second_o verse_n of_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n and_o the_o earth_n be_v without_o form_n and_o void_a and_o darkness_n be_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o deep_a of_o this_o testimony_n of_o hesiod_n lactantius_n take_v notice_n and_o censure_v it_o in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o institution_n 〈…〉_z hesiodus_n non_fw-la à_fw-la deo_fw-la conditore_fw-la sumens_fw-la exordium_n sed_fw-la à_fw-la chaos_n quod_fw-la est_fw-la rudis_fw-la inordinat_fw-la á_o que_fw-la materiae_fw-la confusae_fw-la congery_n hesiod_n not_o take_v his_o beginning_n from_o god_n the_o creator_n of_o all_o thing_n but_o from_o the_o chaos_n which_o be_v a_o rude_a and_o inordinate_a heap_n of_o confuse_a matter_n and_o so_o ovid_n describe_v it_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o metamorphosis_n quem_fw-la dixere_fw-la chaos_n rudis_fw-la indigestáque_fw-la mole_n nec_fw-la quicquam_fw-la nisi_fw-la pondus_fw-la iners_fw-la congestáque_fw-la eôdem_fw-la non_fw-la bene_fw-la junctarum_fw-la discordia_fw-la semina_fw-la rerum_fw-la that_o be_v one_o face_n have_v nature_n which_o they_o chaos_n name_v a_o undigested_a lump_n a_o barren_a load_n where_o jar_a seed_n of_o thing_n ill_o join_v abode_n other_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v also_o make_v mention_n of_o the_o chaos_n as_o aristophanes_n in_o avibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n and_o lucan_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o first_o book_n antiquum_fw-la repetent_fw-la iterum_fw-la chaos_n omne_fw-la etc._n etc._n of_o the_o formation_n of_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o this_o chaos_n ovid_n in_o the_o place_n forequote_v give_v we_o a_o full_a and_o particular_a description_n and_o euripides_n before_o he_o a_o brief_a one_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n the_o heaven_n and_o earth_n be_v at_o first_o of_o one_o form_n but_o after_o they_o be_v separate_v the_o earth_n bring_v forth_o tree_n bird_n beast_n fish_n and_o mankind_n the_o like_a account_n also_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n anaxagoras_n give_v of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n begin_v his_o philosophy_n thus_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v all_o thing_n at_o first_o be_v together_o or_o mingle_v and_o confuse_a then_o mind_v superven_a dispose_v they_o in_o a_o beautiful_a order_n that_o which_o i_o chief_o dislike_v in_o this_o opinion_n of_o they_o be_v that_o they_o make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o this_o chaos_n but_o seem_v to_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o self-existent_a and_o improduced_a chap._n ii_o that_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n out_o of_o a_o chaos_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n this_o opinion_n of_o a_o chaos_n if_o sober_o understand_v not_o as_o self-existent_a and_o improduced_a but_o in_o the_o first_o place_n create_v by_o god_n and_o precede_v other_o being_n which_o be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o be_v not_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v discern_v any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o the_o holy_a scripture_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a rather_o consonant_a and_o agreeable_a thereto_o for_o moses_n in_o the_o history_n and_o description_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n say_v not_o that_o god_n create_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o instant_n in_o their_o full_a state_n and_o perfection_n but_o that_o he_o proceed_v gradual_o and_o in_o order_n
now_o appear_v above_o the_o water_n be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o place_n which_o the_o water_n now_o possess_v must_v be_v equal_a to_o the_o place_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v take_v and_o consequent_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o height_n or_o elevation_n of_o the_o one_o shall_v answer_v to_o the_o depth_n or_o descend_v of_o the_o other_o and_o therefore_o as_o i_o say_v in_o estimate_v the_o deepness_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o be_v not_o to_o consider_v only_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o hill_n above_o the_o ordinary_a land_n but_o the_o advantage_n of_o all_o the_o dry_a land_n above_o the_o sea_n which_o latter_a i_o mean_v the_o height_n of_o the_o ordinary_a main_a land_n be_v in_o my_o opinion_n more_o in_o large_a continent_n above_o the_o sea_n than_o that_o of_o the_o hill_n be_v above_o the_o land_n for_o that_o the_o plain_a and_o common_a face_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n be_v not_o level_a or_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n but_o have_v great_a declivity_n and_o descent_n towards_o the_o sea_n and_o acclivity_n or_o rise_n towards_o the_o midland_n part_n although_o it_o appear_v not_o so_o to_o the_o common_a view_n of_o the_o eye_n be_v to_o reason_n notwithstanding_o manifest_v because_o as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o sea_n cover_v that_o it_o descend_v low_a and_o low_a towards_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o sea_n which_o touch_v the_o upper_a face_n of_o it_o be_v know_v to_o be_v level_a by_o nature_n and_o even_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n be_v withal_o observe_v to_o wax_v deep_a and_o deep_o the_o further_a one_o sail_v from_o the_o shore_n towards_o the_o main_a even_o so_o in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v uncover_v the_o coursing_n and_o streaming_n of_o river_n on_o all_o side_n from_o the_o midland_n part_n towards_o the_o sea_n who_o property_n we_o know_v be_v to_o slide_v from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a evident_o declare_v so_o much_o 10._o this_o author_n with_o damascen_n suppose_v that_o the_o unevenness_n and_o irregularity_n which_o be_v now_o see_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v cause_v either_o by_o take_v some_o part_n out_o of_o the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o sundry_a place_n to_o make_v it_o more_o hollow_a and_o lay_v they_o in_o other_o place_n to_o make_v it_o more_o convex_a or_o else_o which_o in_o effect_n be_v equivalent_a to_o that_o by_o raise_v up_o some_o and_o depress_v other_o to_o make_v room_n and_o receipt_n for_o the_o sea_n that_o mutation_n be_v wrought_v by_o the_o power_n of_o that_o word_n let_v the_o water_n be_v gather_v into_o one_o place_n that_o the_o dry_a land_n may_v appear_v this_o proportion_v of_o the_o cavity_n appoint_v to_o receive_v the_o sea_n to_o the_o protuberancy_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n above_o the_o common_a superficies_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v to_o i_o a_o sufficient_a argument_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o gather_v together_o of_o the_o water_n into_o one_o place_n be_v a_o work_n of_o counsel_n and_o design_n and_o if_o not_o effect_v by_o the_o immediate_a finger_n of_o god_n yet_o at_o least_o govern_v and_o direct_v by_o he_o so_o the_o scripture_n affirm_v the_o place_n to_o receive_v the_o sea_n to_o have_v be_v prepare_v by_o god_n psalm_n 104._o 8._o now_o in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n to_o the_o give_v a_o account_n whereof_o whatever_a hypothesis_n we_o can_v possible_o invent_v can_v be_v but_o mere_o conjectural_a those_o be_v to_o be_v most_o approve_v that_o come_v near_a to_o the_o letter_n of_o scripture_n and_o those_o that_o 〈◊〉_d with_o it_o to_o be_v reject_v how_o trim_a or_o consistent_a soever_o with_o themselves_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o when_o god_n tell_v we_o how_o he_o do_v make_v the_o world_n for_o as_o to_o tell_v he_o how_o he_o shall_v have_v make_v it_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o present_a earth_n look_v like_o a_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n and_o ruin_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a example_n of_o confusion_n in_o nature_n than_o mountain_n single_o or_o joint_o consider_v and_o that_o there_o appear_v not_o the_o least_o footstep_n of_o any_o art_n or_o counsel_n either_o in_o the_o figure_n and_o shape_n or_o order_n and_o disposition_n of_o mountain_n and_o rock_n wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a they_o come_v so_o out_o of_o god_n hand_n who_o by_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n be_v say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o to_o make_v all_o thing_n in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o present_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o all_o its_o mountain_n and_o hill_n its_o promontory_n and_o rock_n as_o rude_a and_o deform_a as_o they_o appear_v seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a beautiful_a and_o pleasant_a object_n and_o with_o all_o that_o variety_n of_o hill_n and_o valley_n and_o inequality_n far_o more_o grateful_a to_o behold_v than_o a_o perfect_o level_v country_n without_o any_o rise_n or_o protuberancy_n to_o terminate_v the_o sight_n as_o any_o one_o that_o have_v on_o the_o one_o hand_n see_v the_o isle_n of_o ely_n or_o any_o the_o like_a country_n exact_o level_a and_o extend_v on_o all_o side_n further_o than_o one_o can_v ken_v or_o that_o have_v be_v far_o out_o at_o sea_n where_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o sky_n and_o water_n and_o on_o the_o other_o from_o the_o down_n of_o sussex_n enjoy_v that_o spacious_a and_o ravish_a prospect_n of_o the_o country_n on_o one_o hand_n and_o the_o sea_n on_o the_o other_o compare_v both_o object_n must_v necessary_o confess_v 2._o they_o be_v useful_a to_o mankind_n in_o afford_v they_o convenient_a place_n for_o habitation_n and_o situation_n of_o house_n and_o village_n serve_v as_o skreen_n to_o keep_v off_o the_o cold_a and_o nip_a blast_n of_o the_o northern_a and_o easterly_a wind_n and_o reflect_v the_o benign_a and_o cherish_a sunbeam_n and_o so_o render_v their_o habitation_n both_o more_o comfortable_a and_o cheer_o in_o winter_n and_o promote_a the_o growth_n of_o herb_n and_o fruit-tree_n and_o the_o maturation_n of_o their_o fruit_n in_o summer_n besides_o cast_v off_o the_o water_n they_o lay_v the_o garden_n yard_n and_o avenue_n to_o the_o house_n dry_a and_o clean_a and_o so_o as_o well_o more_o salutary_a as_o more_o elegant_a whereas_o house_n build_v in_o plain_n unless_o shade_v with_o tree_n stand_v bleak_a and_o expose_v to_o wind_n and_o weather_n and_o all_o winter_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v grievous_o annoy_v with_o mire_n and_o dirt_n 3._o a_o land_n so_o distinguish_v into_o mountain_n valley_n and_o plain_n be_v also_o most_o convenient_a for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o various_a sort_n of_o animal_n which_o god_n have_v create_v some_o whereof_o delight_n in_o cold_a some_o in_o hot_a some_o moist_a and_o watery_a some_o in_o dry_a and_o upland_n place_n and_o some_o of_o they_o can_v neither_o find_v nor_o gather_v their_o proper_a food_n in_o different_a region_n some_o beast_n and_o bird_n we_o find_v live_v upon_o the_o high_a top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o that_o all_o the_o winter_n too_o while_o they_o be_v constant_o cover_v with_o snow_n as_o the_o ibex_n and_o rupicapra_n or_o chamois_n among_o quadruped_n and_o lagopus_n among_o bird_n 4._o the_o mountain_n be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o put_v forth_o of_o plant_n yield_v the_o great_a variety_n and_o the_o most_o luxuriant_a sort_n of_o vegetable_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o animal_n proper_a to_o those_o place_n and_o for_o medicinal_a uses_n partly_o also_o for_o the_o exercise_n and_o delight_n of_o such_o ingenious_a person_n as_o be_v addict_v to_o search_v out_o and_o collect_v those_o rarity_n to_o contemplate_v and_o consider_v their_o form_n and_o nature_n and_o to_o admire_v and_o celebrate_v the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o creator_n 5._o all_o manner_n of_o metal_n mineral_n and_o fossils_n if_o they_o can_v be_v generate_v in_o a_o level_a earth_n of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o question_n yet_o shall_v they_o be_v dug_n or_o mine_v for_o the_o delfs_n must_v necessary_o be_v so_o fly_v with_o water_n which_o to_o derive_v and_o rid_v away_o no_o adit_n or_o sough_n can_v be_v make_v and_o i_o much_o doubt_n whether_o gin_n will_v suffice_v that_o it_o will_v be_v extreme_o difficult_a and_o chargeable_a if_o possible_a to_o work_v they_o at_o all_o 6._o neither_o be_v the_o very_a top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n barren_a of_o grass_n for_o the_o feed_n and_o fatten_v of_o beast_n for_o on_o the_o ridge_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n of_o jura_n and_o saleve_n near_o geneva_n and_o tho●e_v of_o rhoetia_n or_o the_o grison_n country_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o
if_o not_o about_o the_o centre_n yet_o certain_o in_o profound_a cavern_n and_o even_o under_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o which_o some_o and_o no_o mean_a philosopher_n have_v attribute_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o its_o water_n let_v we_o then_o suppose_v that_o the_o river_n do_v daily_o carry_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n of_o water_n and_o that_o the_o rain_n supply_v all_o that_o as_o our_o opinion_n be_v and_o see_v what_o we_o can_v infer_v from_o thence_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v grant_v that_o ordinary_o communibus_fw-la annis_fw-la the_o rain_n that_o fall_v in_o a_o whole_a year_n amount_v not_o to_o above_o one_o quarter_n continual_a rain_n now_o if_o this_o suffice_v for_o a_o daily_a effusion_n of_o half_a a_o ocean_n 〈…〉_z that_o if_o it_o shall_v rain_v without_o any_o 〈◊〉_d all_o the_o year_n round_o the_o river_n will_v 〈◊〉_d out_o two_o ocean_n into_o the_o sea_n 〈◊〉_d and_o so_o in_o forty_o day_n continual_a rain_n 〈◊〉_d will_v distil_v down_o upon_o the_o earth_n 〈…〉_z of_o water_n a_o prodigious_a quantity_n 〈◊〉_d and_o ●●arce_o credible_a which_o if_o the_o 〈…〉_z as_o fast_o as_o it_o come_v on_o 〈…〉_z a_o quantity_n of_o water_n 〈…〉_z twice_o in_o twenty_o four_o 〈…〉_z then_o that_o so_o much_o water_n 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o ●arth_n i_o argue_v thus_o 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o earth_n must_v have_v 〈…〉_z down_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o according_a ●o_o the_o small_a declivity_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z the_o mountain_n pare_v off_o and_o 〈…〉_z a_o considerable_a one_o too_o 〈…〉_z it_o actual_o have_v so_o that_o the_o flood_n 〈…〉_z some_o day_n after_o the_o 〈…〉_z upon_o the_o high_a ground_n and_o 〈…〉_z the_o general_a deluge_n 〈…〉_z down_o to_o the_o sea_n as_o fast_v 〈…〉_z the_o earth_n will_v permit_v 〈…〉_z the_o fountain_n of_o the_o 〈…〉_z cloud_n 〈…〉_z can_v than_o they_o run_v down_o 〈…〉_z the_o earth_n it_o deserve_v 〈…〉_z whether_o by_o the_o end_n of_o 〈…〉_z mountain_n fifteen_o cubit_n high_a and_o yet_o the_o scripture_n do_v not_o in_o plain_a term_n say_v that_o ever_o the_o water_n of_o the_o flood_n arise_v fifteen_o cubit_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n as_o mr._n warren_n well_o observe_v beside_o we_o be_v further_a to_o consider_v that_o this_o forty_o day_n rain_v at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o deluge_n be_v no_o ordinary_a one_o such_o as_o those_o that_o usual_o distil_v down_o leisurely_o and_o gentle_o in_o winter_n time_n but_o like_o our_o thunder-storm_n and_o violent_a shower_n cataract_n and_o spout_n which_o pour_v forth_o more_o water_n in_o a_o hour_n than_o they_o do_v in_o four_o and_o twenty_o so_o that_o in_o forty_o natural_a day_n the_o cloud_n will_v empty_v out_o upon_o the_o earth_n not_o eighty_o ocean_n of_o water_n but_o above_o twenty_o time_n that_o quantity_n if_o by_o the_o window_n of_o heaven_n be_v mean_v cataract_n as_o the_o septuagint_n interpret_v the_o word_n and_o so_o we_o need_v not_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o water_n for_o a_o flood_n for_o the_o rain_n alone_o fall_v at_o that_o rate_n we_o have_v mention_v will_v if_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o man_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o river_n discharge_v into_o the_o sea_n half_a a_o ocean_n daily_a be_v true_a in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o natural_a day_n afford_v water_n enough_o suppose_v it_o run_v off_o no_o fast_a than_o usual_o it_o do_v to_o cover_v the_o earth_n mountain_n and_o all_o neither_o yet_o do_v the_o mountain_n help_v but_o rather_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n down_o to_o the_o sea_n straighten_v it_o into_o channel_n obstruct_v its_o passage_n and_o force_v it_o to_o take_v circuit_n till_o it_o get_v above_o the_o ridge_n and_o top_n of_o they_o as_o to_o this_o argumentation_n and_o inference_n the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o if_o we_o hold_v that_o the_o water_n circulate_v through_o the_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o earth_n for_o suppose_v the_o river_n pour_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d half_a a_o ocean_n daily_o and_o grant_v that_o in_o time_n of_o flood_n their_o stream_n be_v but_o double_a of_o their_o usual_a current_n though_o i_o very_o believe_v they_o be_v more_o than_o quadruple_a and_o that_o the_o e●fusions_n of_o the_o fountain_n be_v in_o like_a measure_n augment_v it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o daily_a discharge_n of_o the_o river_n will_v amount_v to_o two_o ocean_n now_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_a deluge_n both_o these_o cause_n concur_v for_o there_o be_v a_o constant_a rain_n of_o forty_o day_n there_o must_v on_o that_o account_n be_v a_o continual_a flood_n and_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a ●eing_v break_v up_o they_o must_v in_o all_o likelihood_n afford_v as_o much_o water_n as_o the_o rain_n which_o whether_o it_o will_v not_o suffice_v in_o forty_o natural_a day_n to_o produce_v a_o flood_n as_o big_a as_o that_o of_o noah_n notwithstanding_o the_o continual_a descent_n and_o go_v off_o of_o the_o water_n i_o propose_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o ingenious_a especial_o if_o we_o allow_v as_o be_v not_o unreasonable_a 〈◊〉_d suppose_v that_o the_o divine_a providence_n 〈◊〉_d at_o first_o cause_n a_o contrary_a wind_n to_o stop_v 〈◊〉_d inhibit_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o water_n as_o afterward_o he_o raise_v a_o assist_v one_o to_o carry_v they_o off_o i_o have_v but_o one_o thing_n more_o to_o add_v upon_o this_o subject_a that_o be_v that_o i_o do_v not_o see_v how_o their_o opinion_n can_v be_v true_a who_o hold_v that_o some_o sea_n be_v low_a than_o other_o as_o for_o example_n the_o red_a sea_n than_o the_o mediterranean_a for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o water_n keep_v its_o level_n that_o be_v hold_v its_o superficies_n every_o where_o equidistant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o gravity_n or_o if_o by_o accident_n one_o part_n be_v low_a the_o rest_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o fluidity_n will_v speedy_o reduce_v the_o superficies_n again_o to_o a_o equality_n the_o water_n of_o all_o sea_n communicate_v either_o above_o or_o under_o ground_n or_o both_o way_n one_o sea_n can_v be_v high_a or_o low_a than_o another_o but_o suppose_v any_o accident_n shall_v elevate_v or_o depress_v any_o by_o reason_n of_o this_o confluence_n or_o communication_n it_o will_v soon_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o level_a again_o as_o may_v demonstrative_o be_v prove_v but_o i_o return_v to_o tell_v the_o reader_n what_o i_o think_v the_o most_o probable_a of_o all_o the_o cause_n i_o have_v hear_v assign_v of_o the_o deluge_n which_o be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v at_o that_o time_n change_v and_o set_v near_o to_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_n of_o our_o continent_n whereupon_o the_o atlantic_a and_o pacifick_n ocean_n must_v needs_o press_v upon_o the_o subterraneous_a abyss_n and_o so_o by_o mediation_n thereof_o force_v the_o water_n upward_o and_o at_o last_o compel_v it_o to_o run_v out_o at_o those_o wide_a mouth_n and_o aperture_n make_v by_o the_o divine_a power_n break_v up_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o great_a deep_a and_o we_o may_v suppose_v this_o to_o have_v be_v only_o a_o gentle_a and_o gradual_a emotion_n no_o fast_o than_o that_o the_o water_n run_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n might_n according_o lower_v the_o superficies_n thereof_o sufficient_o so_o that_o none_o need_v run_v over_o the_o sh_n these_o water_n thus_o pour_v out_o from_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o fountain_n upon_o the_o earth_n the_o declivity_n be_v change_v by_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o centre_n can_v not_o flow_v down_o to_o the_o sea_n again_o but_o must_v needs_o stagnate_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o overflow_v it_o and_o afterward_o the_o earth_n return_v to_o its_o old_a centre_n return_v also_o to_o their_o former_a receptacle_n if_o any_o shall_v object_v against_o this_o hypothesis_n because_o by_o it_o the_o flood_n will_v be_v render_v topical_a and_o restrain_v only_o to_o the_o continent_n we_o live_v in_o though_o i_o may_v plead_v the_o unnecessariness_n of_o drown_v america_n it_o be_v in_o all_o probability_n unpeople_v at_o that_o time_n yet_o because_o the_o scripture_n use_v general_a expression_n concern_v the_o extent_n of_o the_o flood_n say_v gen._n 1._o 19_o and_o all_o the_o high_a hill_n that_o be_v under_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v cover_v and_o again_o verse_n 22._o all_o in_o who_o nostril_n be_v the_o breath_n of_o lìfe_n of_o all_o that_o be_v in_o the_o dry_a land_n die_v and_o because_o the_o american_n also_o be_v say_v to_o have_v some_o ancient_a memorial_n tradition_n of_o a_o deluge_n and_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v by_o a_o moderate_a computation_n demonstrate_v that_o there_o must_v be_v then_o more_o people_n upon_o the_o earth_n than_o now_o i_o will_v propose_v another_o way_n of_o
mutation_n be_v make_v in_o the_o upper_a or_o superficial_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o part_n thereof_o seem_v to_o tend_v to_o a_o great_a quiet_a and_o settlement_n beside_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n notwithstanding_o the_o overwhelm_a and_o submersion_n of_o island_n and_o the_o straighten_n of_o it_o about_o the_o outlet_n of_o river_n and_o the_o earth_n it_o wash_v from_o the_o shore_n subside_v and_o elevate_a the_o bottom_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v raise_v high_a nor_o spread_v further_o or_o bear_v any_o great_a proportion_n to_o that_o of_o the_o land_n than_o it_o do_v a_o thousand_o year_n ago_o so_o have_v i_o finish_v my_o second_o discourse_n concern_v the_o deluge_n and_o its_o effect_n and_o the_o mutation_n that_o have_v be_v since_o make_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o their_o cause_n discourse_n iii_o of_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n the_o introduction_n to_o the_o three_o discourse_n there_o be_v implant_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n a_o great_a desire_n and_o curiosity_n of_o foreknowing_a future_a event_n and_o what_o shall_v befall_v themselves_o their_o relation_n and_o dependent_n in_o time_n to_o come_v the_o fate_n of_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n especial_o the_o periodical_a mutation_n and_o final_a catastrophe_n of_o the_o world_n hence_o in_o ancient_a time_n divination_n be_v make_v a_o science_n or_o mystery_n and_o many_o nation_n have_v their_o college_n or_o society_n of_o wiseman_n magician_n astrologer_n and_o soothsayer_n as_o for_o example_n the_o egyptian_n babylonian_n and_o roman_n hence_o the_o vulgar_a be_v very_o prone_a to_o consult_v diviner_n and_o fortune-teller_n to_o gratify_v in_o some_o measure_n this_o curiosity_n and_o that_o his_o people_n may_v not_o in_o any_o privilege_n be_v inferior_a to_o the_o nation_n about_o they_o it_o please_v god_n beside_o the_o stand_a oracle_n of_o urim_n not_o only_o upon_o special_a occasion_n to_o raise_v up_o among_o the_o jew_n extraordinary_a prophet_n by_o immediate_a mission_n but_o also_o to_o settle_v a_o constant_a order_n and_o succession_n of_o they_o for_o the_o maintenance_n and_o uphold_v whereof_o there_o be_v college_n and_o seminary_n institute_v for_o the_o educate_v and_o fit_v young_a man_n for_o the_o prophetic_a function_n these_o be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o prophet_n of_o who_o we_o find_v so_o frequent_a mention_n in_o scripture_n moreover_o it_o please_v god_n so_o far_o to_o condescend_v to_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o in_o the_o infancy_n of_o their_o state_n he_o permit_v they_o to_o consult_v his_o prophet_n concern_v ordinary_a accident_n of_o life_n and_o affair_n of_o small_a moment_n as_o we_o see_v saul_n do_v samuel_n about_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o father_n ass_n which_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a he_o will_v have_v do_v have_v it_o not_o be_v usual_a and_o customary_a so_o to_o do_v in_o the_o latter_a time_n of_o that_o state_n we_o read_v of_o no_o consult_v of_o prophet_n upon_o such_o occasion_n at_o last_o also_o by_o their_o own_o confession_n the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n be_v quite_o take_v away_o and_o nothing_o leave_v they_o but_o a_o vocal_a oracle_n which_o they_o call_v bath_n col_fw-fr i._n e._n the_o daughter_n of_o a_o voice_n or_o the_o daughter_n of_o thunder_n a_o voice_n out_o of_o a_o voice_n this_o dr._n 17._o light_a foot_n think_v to_o have_v be_v a_o mere_a fancy_n or_o imposture_n quae_fw-la de_fw-la bath_n kol_n referunt_fw-la judaei_n ignoscant_fw-la illi_fw-la mihi_fw-la si_fw-la ego_fw-la partim_fw-la pro_fw-la fabulis_fw-la habeam_fw-la juduicis_fw-la partim_fw-la pro_fw-la praestigis_fw-la diabolicis_fw-la what_o the_o jew_n report_n concern_v bath_n kol_n i_o beg_v their_o pardon_n if_o i_o esteem_v they_o no_o other_o than_o either_o jewish_a fable_n or_o diabolical_a illusion_n it_o be_v a_o tradition_n among_o they_o that_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o last_o prophet_n haggai_n zachary_n and_o malachy_n the_o holy_a spirit_n depart_v from_o israel_n but_o why_o i_o beseech_v you_o be_v prophecy_n withdraw_v if_o celestial_a oracle_n be_v to_o be_v continue_v why_o be_v vrim_fw-he and_o thummim_v take_v away_o or_o rather_o not_o restore_v by_o their_o own_o confession_n after_o the_o babylonish_n captivity_n it_o be_v strange_a indeed_o that_o god_n take_v away_o his_o ordinary_a oracle_n from_o a_o people_n shall_v bestow_v upon_o they_o one_o more_o or_o equal_o noble_a and_o that_o after_o they_o be_v extreme_o degenerate_v and_o fall_v into_o all_o manner_n of_o impiety_n superstition_n and_o heresy_n etc._n etc._n and_o a_o little_a after_o if_o i_o may_v free_o speak_v what_o i_o think_v those_o innumerable_a story_n which_o every_o where_o occur_v in_o the_o jewish_a write_n concern_v bath_n kol_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v to_o two_o head_n viz._n 1._o the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v mere_a fable_n invent_v in_o honour_n of_o this_o or_o that_o rabbin_z or_o to_o gain_v credit_n to_o some_o history_n 2._o the_o rest_n mere_a magical_a and_o diabolical_a illusion_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o primitive_a church_n of_o christian_n plant_v by_o the_o apostle_n there_o be_v also_o a_o order_n of_o prophet_n 1_o cor._n 12._o 28._o god_n have_v set_v some_o in_o the_o church_n first_o apostle_n secondary_o prophet_n etc._n etc._n this_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n be_v a_o extraordinary_a and_o temporary_a gift_n as_o be_v the_o gift_n of_o healing_n and_o speak_v with_o tongue_n continue_v not_o long_a after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o consignation_n of_o the_o canon_n of_o scripture_n so_o that_o now_o we_o have_v no_o mean_n leave_v we_o of_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o future_a event_n but_o the_o prophecy_n contain_v in_o the_o write_n of_o the_o holy_a penman_n of_o scripture_n which_o we_o must_v search_v diligent_o consider_v attentive_o and_o compare_v together_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o understand_v any_o thing_n of_o what_o shall_v befall_v the_o christian_a church_n or_o state_n in_o time_n to_o come_v this_o text_n which_o i_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o for_o my_o subject_n be_v part_n of_o a_o prophecy_n concern_v the_o great_a of_o all_o event_n the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n 2_o peter_z three_o 11._o see_v then_o all_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v dissolve_v what_o manner_n of_o person_n ought_v we_o to_o be_v in_o all_o holy_a conversation_n and_o godliness_n chap._n 1._o the_o division_n of_o the_o word_n and_o doctrine_n contain_v in_o they_o with_o the_o head_n of_o the_o follow_a discourse_n these_o word_n contain_v in_o they_o two_o part_n 1._o a_o antecedent_n or_o doctrine_n all_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v dissolve_v 2._o a_o consequent_a or_o inference_n thereupon_o what_o manner_n of_o person_n ought_v we_o to_o be_v the_o doctrine_n here_o only_o brief_o hint_v or_o summary_o propose_v be_v lay_v down_o more_o full_o in_o the_o precedent_a verse_n but_o the_o day_n of_o the_o lord_n will_v come_v as_o a_o thief_n in_o the_o night_n in_o which_o the_o heaven_n shall_v pass_v away_o with_o a_o great_a noise_n and_o the_o element_n shall_v melt_v with_o fervent_a heat_n the_o earth_n also_o and_o the_o work_n that_o be_v therein_o shall_v be_v burn_v up_o these_o word_n be_v by_o the_o generality_n of_o interpreter_n ancient_a and_o modern_a understand_v of_o the_o final_a destruction_n or_o dissolution_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o which_o sense_n i_o shall_v choose_v rather_o to_o accept_v they_o at_o present_a than_o with_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a dr._n hammond_n and_o some_o few_o other_o to_o stem_v the_o tide_n of_o expositor_n and_o apply_v they_o to_o the_o destruction_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o jewish_a polity_n i_o say_v then_o that_o this_o world_n doctr._n and_o all_o thing_n therein_o contain_v shall_v one_o day_n be_v dissolve_v and_o destroy_v by_o fire_n by_o world_n in_o this_o proposition_n we_o and_o by_o heaven_n and_o earth_n in_o this_o place_n the_o most_o rational_a interpreter_n of_o scripture_n do_v understand_v only_o the_o whole_a compage_n of_o this_o sublunary_a world_n and_o all_o the_o creature_n that_o be_v in_o it_o all_o that_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o flood_n in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n and_o now_o secure_v from_o perish_v so_o again_o that_o i_o may_v borrow_v dr._n hammond_n word_n in_o his_o annotation_n on_o this_o place_n and_o again_o the_o word_n heaven_n say_v he_o be_v a_o equivocal_a word_n be_v use_v either_o for_o the_o superior_a heaven_n whether_o empyreal_a or_o ethereal_a or_o for_o the_o sublunary_a heaven_n the_o air_n as_o the_o word_n world_n be_v either_o the_o whole_a compage_n of_o the_o superior_a and_o inferior_a world_n as_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n de_fw-fr mundo_fw-la ascribe_v false_o to_o aristotle_n define_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o systeme_n or_o compage_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o the_o being_n therein_o contain_v or_o
upon_o it_o as_o a_o oracle_n and_o decree_n of_o fate_n ovid_n speak_v of_o it_o as_o such_o in_o the_o first_o of_o his_o metamorphosis_n esse_fw-la quoque_fw-la in_o fati_fw-la reminiscitur_fw-la affore_o tempus_fw-la quo_fw-la mare_fw-la quo_fw-la tellus_fw-la correptáque_fw-la regius_fw-la coeli_fw-la ardeat_fw-la &_o mundi_fw-la mole_n operosa_fw-la laboret_fw-la beside_o by_o doom_n of_o certain_a fate_n he_o know_v the_o time_n shall_v come_v when_o sea_n earth_n ravish_a heaven_n the_o curious_a frame_n of_o this_o world_n mass_n shall_v shrink_v in_o purge_v flame_n and_o lucan_n 7._o hos_n caesar_n populos_fw-la si_fw-la nunc_fw-la non_fw-la usserit_fw-la ignis_fw-la vret_fw-la cum_fw-la terris_fw-la uret_fw-la cum_fw-la gurgite_fw-la ponti_fw-la communis_fw-la mundo_fw-la superest_fw-la rogus_fw-la ossibus_fw-la astra_fw-la misturus_fw-la if_o now_o these_o body_n want_v their_o fire_n and_o urn_n at_o last_o with_o the_o whole_a globe_n they_o will_v sure_o burn_v the_o world_n expect_v one_o general_a fire_n and_o thou_o must_v go_v where_o these_o poor_a soul_n be_v wander_v now_o now_o though_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o by_o fata_fw-la here_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o sibylline_a oracle_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n do_v allege_v some_o verse_n out_o of_o those_o extant_a under_o that_o title_n as_o lactantius_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr it_o a_o dei_fw-la cap._n 2._o 3._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o it_o shall_v sometime_o be_v that_o god_n not_o any_o more_o mitigate_a his_o anger_n but_o aggravate_v it_o shall_v destroy_v the_o whole_a race_n of_o mankind_n consume_v it_o by_o a_o conflagration_n and_o in_o another_o place_n there_o be_v mention_v make_v of_o a_o river_n of_o fire_n that_o shall_v descend_v from_o heaven_n and_o burn_v up_o both_o earth_n and_o sea_n tunc_fw-la arden_n fluvius_fw-la coelo_fw-la manabit_fw-la ab_fw-la alto_fw-mi igneus_fw-la at_o que_fw-la locos_fw-la consumet_fw-la funditus_fw-la omnes_fw-la terrámque_fw-la oceanúmque_fw-la ingentem_fw-la &_o caerula_fw-la ponti_fw-la stagnáque_fw-la tum_fw-la fluvios_fw-la fontes_fw-la ditémque_fw-la severum_fw-la coelest●mque_fw-la polum_fw-la coeli_fw-la quoque_fw-la lumina_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la haxa_fw-la ruent_fw-la ●ormâ_fw-la deletâ_fw-la prorsus_fw-la eorum_fw-la a●tra_fw-la cadent_a etenim_fw-la de_fw-la coelo_fw-la cun●a_fw-la revulsa_fw-la then_o shall_v a_o burn_a flood_n flow_v from_o the_o heaven_n on_o high_a and_o with_o its_o fiery_a stream_n all_o place_n utter_o destroy_v earth_n ocean_n lakes_n rivers_n fountain_n hell_n and_o heavenly_a pole_n the_o light_n in_o firmament_n that_o dwell_v lose_v their_o beauteous_a form_n shall_v be_v obscure_v and_o all_o reach_v from_o their_o place_n down_o from_o heaven_n to_o earth_n shall_v fall_v now_o because_o the_o verse_n now_o extant_a under_o the_o name_n of_o sibylline_a oracle_n be_v all_o suspect_a to_o be_v false_a and_o pseudepigrapha_n and_o many_o of_o they_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v of_o no_o great_a antiquity_n than_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n his_o reign_n and_o because_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n in_o the_o ancient_a genuine_a sibylline_a oracle_n i_o rather_o think_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v a_o doctrine_n of_o ancient_a tradition_n hand_v down_o from_o the_o first_o father_n and_o patriarch_n of_o the_o world_n josephus_n in_o his_o antiquity_n run_v it_o up_o as_o high_a as_o adam_n from_o who_o seth_n his_o son_n receive_v it_o his_o father_n say_v he_o soretel_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o shall_v be_v a_o destruction_n of_o the_o universe_n once_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o fire_n and_o again_o by_o the_o force_n and_o abundance_n of_o water_n in_o consequence_n whereof_o he_o erect_v two_o pillar_n one_o of_o brick_n which_o may_v endure_v the_o fire_n and_o another_o of_o stone_n which_o will_v resist_v the_o water_n and_o upon_o they_o engrave_v his_o astronomical_a observation_n that_o so_o they_o may_v remain_v to_o posterity_n and_o one_o of_o these_o pillar_n he_o say_v continue_v in_o syria_n until_o his_o day_n whether_o this_o relation_n be_v true_a or_o not_o it_o may_v be_v thence_o collect_v that_o this_o be_v a_o universal_a opinion_n receive_v by_o tradition_n both_o among_o jew_n and_o gentile_n that_o the_o world_n shall_v one_o day_n be_v consume_v by_o fire_n it_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o good_a authority_n that_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n chaldaean_n and_o indian_n have_v this_o tradition_n among_o they_o which_o they_o can_v not_o receive_v from_o the_o greek_a philosopher_n or_o poet_n with_o who_o they_o have_v no_o intercourse_n but_o it_o must_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v derive_v down_o to_o both_o from_o the_o same_o fountain_n and_o original_a that_o be_v from_o the_o first_o restorer_n of_o mankind_n noah_n and_o his_o son_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o the_o three_o particular_a propose_v in_o the_o beginning_n that_o be_v to_o give_v answer_n to_o the_o several_a question_n concern_v the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n v._n the_o first_o question_n concern_v the_o world_n dissolution_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o nature_n that_o may_v probable_o cause_v or_o argue_v a_o future_a dissolution_n three_o probable_a mean_n propound_v and_o discuss_v sect_n i._o the_o water_n again_o natural_o overflow_n and_o cover_v the_o earth_n the_o first_o question_n be_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o nature_n which_o may_v prove_v and_o demonstrate_v or_o probable_o argue_v and_o infer_v a_o future_a dissolution_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o think_v there_o be_v nothing_o in_o nature_n which_o do_v necessary_o demonstrate_v a_o future_a dissolution_n but_o that_o position_n of_o the_o peripatetic_a school_n may_v for_o aught_o i_o know_v be_v true_a philosophy_n posito_fw-la ordinario_fw-la dei_fw-la concursu_fw-la mundus_fw-la posset_n durare_fw-la in_o aeternum_fw-la suppose_v the_o ordinary_a concourse_n of_o god_n with_o second_v cause_n the_o world_n may_v endure_v for_o ever_o but_o though_o a_o future_a dissolution_n by_o natural_a cause_n be_v not_o demonstrable_a yet_o some_o possible_a if_o not_o probable_a accident_n there_o be_v which_o if_o they_o shall_v happen_v may_v infer_v such_o a_o dissolution_n those_o be_v four_o the_o possibility_n of_o 1._o the_o water_n again_o overflow_n and_o cover_v the_o earth_n 2._o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o sun_n 3._o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o central_n fire_v enclose_v in_o the_o earth_n 4._o the_o dryness_n and_o inflammability_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o the_o eruption_n of_o all_o the_o vulcano_n at_n once_o but_o before_o i_o treat_v of_o these_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o consider_v the_o old_a argument_n for_o the_o world_n dissolution_n and_o that_o be_v its_o daily_a consenescence_n and_o decay_n which_o if_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v will_v in_o process_n of_o time_n necessary_o infer_v a_o dissolution_n for_o as_o the_o apostle_n say_v in_o another_o case_n that_o which_o decay_v and_o wax_v old_a be_v ready_a to_o vanish_v away_o hebr._n 8._o 13._o that_o which_o continual_o waste_v will_v at_o last_o be_v quite_o consume_v that_o which_o daily_o grow_v weak_a and_o weak_a will_v in_o time_n lose_v all_o its_o force_n so_o the_o age_n and_o stature_n and_o strength_n of_o man_n and_o all_o other_o animal_n every_o generation_n decrease_v they_o will_v in_o the_o end_n come_v to_o nothing_o and_o that_o all_o these_o and_o all_o other_o thing_n do_v successive_o diminish_v and_o decay_v in_o all_o natural_a perfection_n and_o quality_n as_o well_o as_o moral_a have_v be_v the_o receive_a opinion_n not_o only_o of_o the_o vulgar_a but_o even_o of_o philosopher_n themselves_o from_o antiquity_n down_o to_o our_o time_n plin._n nat._n hist._n l._n 7._o c._n 16._o in_o plenum_fw-la autem_fw-la cuncto_fw-la mortalium_fw-la generi_fw-la minorem_fw-la indy_n mensuram_fw-la staturae_fw-la propemodum_fw-la observatur_fw-la rarosque_fw-la patribus_fw-la proceriores_fw-la consument_fw-la ubertatem_fw-la seminum_fw-la exustione_fw-la in_fw-la cujus_fw-la vice_n nunc_fw-la vergat_fw-la aevum_fw-la in_o sum_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o stature_n of_o all_o mankind_n decrease_v and_o grow_v less_o daily_a and_o that_o there_o be_v few_o tall_a than_o their_o parent_n the_o burn_a to_o which_o the_o age_n incline_v consume_v the_o luxury_n of_o the_o seed_n terra_fw-la malos_fw-la homines_fw-la nunc_fw-la educ_fw-la a●_n que_fw-la pusillos_fw-la juvenal_n sat._n the_o earth_n now_o breed_v man_n bad_a and_o small_a and_o gellius_n noct._n att._n lib._n 3._o c._n 10._o et_fw-la nunc_fw-la quasi_fw-la jam_fw-la mundo_fw-la senescente_fw-la rerum_fw-la atque_fw-la hominum_fw-la decrementa_fw-la sunt_fw-la and_o now_o as_o if_o the_o world_n wax_v old_a there_o be_v a_o decrement_n or_o decay_n both_o of_o thing_n and_o man_n i_o may_v accumulate_v place_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_n to_o this_o
in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la fabrica_fw-la more_o brief_o pergratum_fw-la lectori_fw-la fore_fw-la existimavi_fw-la si_fw-la rem_fw-la s●itu_fw-la dignissimam_fw-la exposuero_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o think_v it_o may_v be_v very_o acceptable_a to_o the_o reader_n if_o i_o shall_v discover_v to_o he_o a_o thing_n most_o worthy_a to_o be_v know_v which_o i_o have_v long_o ago_o and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n observe_v and_o be_o daily_o more_o confirm_v in_o especial_o see_v no_o former_a writer_n that_o i_o know_v of_o have_v publish_v any_o thing_n concern_v it_o it_o be_v this_o that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n which_o be_v now_o rough_a and_o uneven_a by_o reason_n of_o mountain_n and_o valley_n and_o so_o only_o rude_o spherical_a be_v daily_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o world_n reduce_v to_o a_o per●●●t_a roundness_n in_o so_o much_o that_o it_o will_v necessary_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o a_o natural_a way_n that_o it_o be_v one_o day_n overflow_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o render_v unhabitble_a first_o then_o that_o we_o may_v clear_o apprehend_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o thing_n we_o must_v lay_v down_o as_o a_o foundation_n from_o holy_a writ_n that_o the_o terraqueous_a globe_n be_v in_o the_o beginning_n endue_v with_o a_o more_o perfect_a spherical_a figure_n that_o be_v without_o any_o inequality_n of_o mountain_n and_o valley_n and_o that_o it_o be_v whole_o cover_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o so_o altogether_o unfit_a for_o terrestrial_a animal_n to_o inhabit_v but_o it_o be_v then_o render_v habitable_a when_o by_o the_o beck_n or_o command_n of_o its_o creator_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v translate_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o whereupon_o here_o appear_v the_o hollow_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o all_o the_o water_n which_o before_o cover_v the_o face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n recede_v and_o flow_v down_o fill_v those_o depress_v and_o hollow_a place_n and_o this_o congregation_n of_o water_n be_v call_v the_o sea_n hence_o some_o grave_a author_n doubt_v not_o to_o assert_v that_o the_o mountain_n be_v make_v up_o of_o that_o very_a earth_n which_o before_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o sea_n whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o earth_n as_o now_o it_o be_v mountainous_a and_o elevate_v above_o the_o water_n have_v not_o its_o natural_a figure_n but_o be_v in_o a_o violent_a state_n but_o nullum_fw-la violentum_fw-la est_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la beside_o the_o earth_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o water_n none_o of_o its_o part_n ought_v to_o be_v extant_a and_o appear_v above_o its_o superficies_n and_o yet_o we_o see_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v real_o high_a than_o the_o sea_n especial_o the_o mountainous_a part_n of_o it_o in_o which_o respect_n also_o both_o land_n and_o water_n be_v in_o a_o violent_a state_n wherefore_o it_o be_v very_o convenient_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o that_o they_o shall_v daily_o return_v towards_o their_o ancient_a and_o primigenial_a state_n and_o figure_n and_o according_o we_o affirm_v that_o they_o do_v so_o moreover_o we_o say_v that_o the_o water_n both_o of_o rains_n and_o rivers_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o restitution_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o the_o follow_a observation_n first_o we_o see_v that_o river_n do_v daily_o fret_v and_o undermine_v the_o root_n of_o the_o mountain_n so_o that_o here_o and_o there_o from_o most_o mountain_n they_o cause_v great_a ruin_n and_o precipice_n whence_o the_o mountain_n appear_v break_v and_o the_o earth_n so_o fall_v from_o the_o mountain_n the_o river_n carry_v down_o to_o the_o low_a place_n from_o these_o corrosion_n of_o the_o river_n proceed_v these_o ●low_n but_o great_a ruin_n call_v labinae_fw-la à_fw-la labendo_fw-la in_o which_o some_o street_n and_o whole_a village_n be_v precipitate_v into_o the_o river_n 2._o we_o daily_o see_v that_o the_o rain-water_n wash_v away_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o carry_v they_o down_o to_o the_o low_a place_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o high_a mountain_n be_v also_o hard_o and_o more_o stony_a than_o the_o rest_n by_o mean_n whereof_o they_o better_o resist_v the_o water_n hence_o also_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o ancient_a building_n in_o mountain_n their_o foundation_n be_v by_o degree_n discover_v prove_v not_o very_o durable_a for_o which_o reason_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o roman_a capitol_n be_v now_o whole_o extant_a above_o ground_n which_o of_o old_a at_o its_o first_o erection_n be_v sink_v very_o deep_a into_o it_o this_o same_o thing_n all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mountain_n do_v confirm_v all_o say_n that_o this_o lower_a of_o mountain_n be_v long_o since_o know_v to_o they_o for_o that_o former_o some_o intermediate_v mountain_n intercept_v the_o sight_n of_o a_o castle_n or_o tower_n situate_v in_o a_o more_o remote_a mountain_n which_o after_o many_o year_n the_o intervenient_a mountain_n be_v depress_v come_v clear_o into_o view_n and_o george_n agricola_n be_v of_o opinion_n which_o i_o very_o much_o approve_v of_o that_o the_o river_n produce_v the_o mountain_n and_o hill_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n there_o be_v not_o so_o many_o particular_a divide_a mountain_n but_o only_o perpetual_a eminent_a ridge_n of_o land_n not_o dissect_v into_o so_o many_o valley_n as_o we_o now_o see_v so_o for_o example_n our_o apennine_n be_v at_o first_o one_o continue_v even_o eminent_a ridge_n of_o land_n not_o divide_v into_o any_o particular_a mountain_n and_o hill_n by_o intervening_a valley_n as_o now_o it_o be_v but_o that_o after_o the_o river_n begin_v to_o flow_v down_o from_o the_o top_n of_o it_o by_o little_a and_o little_o fret_v and_o corrode_a the_o ground_n they_o make_v valley_n and_o daily_o more_o and_o more_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o whole_a apennine_a come_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o many_o hill_n and_o mountain_n 3._o in_o plain_n we_o see_v the_o direct_o contrary_a happen_v for_o the_o plain_n be_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o elevate_v because_o the_o water_n do_v let_v fall_v in_o the_o plain_a and_o hollow_a place_n the_o earth_n they_o bring_v down_o with_o they_o from_o the_o mountain_n hence_o we_o see_v that_o ancient_a building_n in_o such_o place_n be_v almost_o whole_o bury_v in_o the_o ground_n so_o in_o rome_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o capitoline_n mountain_n we_o see_v the_o triumphal_a arch_n of_o septimius_n almost_o whole_o overwhelm_v in_o the_o earth_n and_o everywhere_o in_o ancient_a city_n many_o gate_n and_o door_n of_o house_n almost_o land_v up_o little_a thereof_o be_v extant_a above_o ground_n from_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o sink_v and_o demersion_n of_o building_n into_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o manifest_a sign_n of_o their_o antiquity_n which_o be_v so_o much_o the_o great_a by_o how_o much_o the_o deep_o they_o be_v sink_v so_o for_o example_n at_o bononia_n in_o italy_n many_o of_o the_o ancient_a gate_n of_o the_o city_n which_o the_o bolognese_n call_v torresotti_n be_v very_o deep_o sink_v which_o be_v a_o certain_a argument_n of_o their_o antiquity_n and_o thence_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v true_a that_o history_n relate_v that_o they_o be_v build_v in_o the_o time_n of_o s._n petronius_n about_o 1200_o year_n ago_o but_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o other_o thing_n agree_v those_o be_v deep_o depress_v that_o be_v build_v in_o low_a place_n than_o those_o in_o high_a for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a so_o at_o bononia_n that_o old_a port_n call_v il_fw-fr torresotto_fw-it di_fw-it s._n georgio_n be_v deeply_o bury_v or_o land_v up_o than_o that_o which_o be_v call_v il_fw-fr torresotto_fw-it di_fw-it stra_fw-la castilione_n because_o that_o be_v situate_v in_o a_o low_a place_n and_o therefore_o the_o earth_n be_v more_o easy_o raise_v up_o about_o it_o 4._o the_o same_o be_v affirm_v by_o architect_n who_o when_o they_o dig_v their_o foundation_n do_v everywhere_o in_o plain_a place_n first_o of_o all_o remove_v the_o earth_n which_o they_o call_v commota_fw-la lose_v or_o shake_a which_o be_v mix_v with_o fragment_n of_o wood_n iron_n rubbish_n coin_n ancient_a urn_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o when_o it_o be_v throw_v out_o they_o come_v to_o another_o sort_n of_o earth_n that_o have_v never_o be_v stir_v but_o be_v solid_a compact_a and_o not_o mix_v with_o any_o heterogeneous_a thing_n especial_o artificial_a that_o move_v commota_fw-la and_o impure_a earth_n be_v it_o which_o the_o water_n have_v by_o little_a and_o little_o bring_v down_o from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o more_o depress_a place_n which_o be_v not_o everywhere_o of_o equal_a depth_n but_o now_o because_o in_o the_o mountain_n there_o be_v no_o where_o find_v such_o move_v or_o new_a earth_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o experience_n of_o
church_n to_o st._n ives_n and_o above_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n almost_o cover_v with_o the_o sand_n little_a be_v extant_a above_o it_o but_o the_o steeple_n and_o ridge_n of_o the_o roof_n nay_o a_o great_a part_n of_o st._n ives_n itself_o lie_v bu●ied_v in_o the_o sand_n and_o i_o be_v tell_v there_o that_o in_o one_o night_n there_o have_v be_v a_o whole_a street_n of_o house_n so_o cover_v with_o sand_n that_o in_o the_o morning_n they_o be_v fain_o to_o dig_v their_o way_n out_o of_o their_o house_n through_o it_o all_o along_o the_o western_a shoar_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v great_a hill_n of_o sand_n thus_o blow_v up_o by_o the_o wind._n we_o observe_v also_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o flanders_n and_o holland_n the_o like_a sandy_a hill_n or_o down_n from_o which_o westerly_a wind_n drive_v the_o sand_n a_o great_a way_n into_o the_o country_n but_o there_o be_v not_o many_o place_n liable_a to_o this_o accident_n viz._n where_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v sandy_a and_o where_o the_o wind_n most_o frequent_o blow_v from_o off_o the_o sea_n where_o the_o wind_n set_v from_o the_o land_n towards_o the_o sea_n this_o happen_v not_o where_o it_o be_v indifferent_a it_o must_v in_o reason_n carry_v off_o as_o much_o as_o it_o bring_v on_o unless_o other_o cause_n hinder_v sect_n ii_o the_o second_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n in_o a_o natural_a way_n the_o extinction_n of_o the_o sun_n ii_o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o sun_n extinction_n of_o which_o accident_n i_o shall_v give_v a_o account_n in_o dr._n more_o be_v word_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o treatise_n of_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n this_o say_v he_o though_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o panic_n fear_v at_o first_o sight_n yet_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v thorough_o examine_v there_o will_v appear_v no_o contemptible_a reason_n that_o may_v induce_v man_n to_o suspect_v that_o it_o may_v at_o last_o fall_v out_o there_o have_v be_v at_o certain_a time_n such_o near_o offer_v in_o nature_n towards_o this_o sad_a accident_n already_o pliny_n speak_v of_o it_o as_o a_o thing_n not_o unfrequent_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v prodigiosi_fw-la &_o longiores_fw-la solis_fw-la defectus_fw-la qualis_fw-la occiso_fw-la dictatore_fw-la caesar_fw-la &_o antoniano_n bello_fw-la totius_fw-la anni_fw-la pollore_fw-la continuo_fw-la hist._n nat._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 30._o prodigious_a and_o last_a defect_n of_o the_o sun_n such_o as_o happen_v when_o caesar_n the_o dictator_n be_v slay_v and_o in_o the_o war_n with_o anthony_n when_o it_o be_v continual_o pale_a and_o gloomy_a for_o a_o whole_a year_n the_o like_a happen_v in_o iustinian_n time_n as_o cedrenus_n write_v when_o for_o a_o whole_a year_n together_o the_o sun_n be_v of_o a_o very_a dim_a and_o duskish_a hue_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v in_o a_o perpetual_a eclipse_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o irene_n the_o empress_n it_o be_v so_o dark_a for_o seventeen_o day_n together_o that_o the_o ship_n lose_v their_o way_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o run_v one_o against_o another_o as_o theophanes_n report_v but_o the_o late_a accurate_a discovery_n of_o the_o spot_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o scheiner_n and_o the_o appear_v and_o disappear_v of_o fix_a star_n and_o comet_n and_o the_o excursion_n of_o these_o last_o do_v argue_v it_o more_o than_o possible_a that_o after_o some_o vast_a period_n of_o time_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v so_o inextricable_o envelop_v by_o the_o maculae_fw-la that_o he_o may_v quite_o lose_v his_o light_n and_o than_o you_o may_v easy_o guess_v what_o will_v become_v of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o without_o his_o vivisick_n heat_n neither_o can_v the_o earth_n put_v forth_o any_o vegetable_n for_o their_o sustenance_n neither_o if_o it_o can_v will_v they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v the_o extremity_n of_o the_o cold_a which_o must_v needs_o be_v more_o rigorous_a and_o that_o perpetual_o than_o it_o be_v now_o under_o the_o pole_n in_o winter_n time_n but_o this_o accident_n though_o it_o will_v indeed_o extinguish_v all_o life_n yet_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o a_o dissolution_n by_o fire_n of_o which_o the_o apostle_n speak_v i_o shall_v pass_v it_o over_o without_o further_a consideration_n and_o proceed_v to_o a_o three_o sect_n iii_o the_o three_o possible_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n destruction_n the_o eruption_n of_o the_o central_n fire_n iii_o the_o possibility_n of_o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o central_n fire_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v enclose_v in_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v the_o hypothesis_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr des_fw-fr cartes_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v original_o a_o star_n or_o great_a globe_n of_o fire_n like_o the_o sun_n or_o one_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n situate_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o vortex_n continual_o whirl_v round_o with_o it_o that_o by_o degree_n it_o be_v cover_v over_o or_o incrustate_v with_o maculae_fw-la arise_v on_o its_o surface_n like_o the_o scum_n on_o a_o boil_a pot_n which_o still_o increase_v and_o grow_v thick_a and_o thick_a the_o star_n lose_v its_o light_n and_o activity_n and_o consequent_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a vortex_n about_o it_o grow_a more_o weak_a languid_a and_o unable_a to_o resist_v the_o vigorous_a incroaehment_n of_o the_o neighbour_a vortex_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v at_o last_o draw_v in_o and_o whole_o absorb_v by_o it_o and_o force_v to_o comply_v with_o its_o motion_n and_o make_v one_o in_o the_o choir_n of_o the_o sun_n satellite_n this_o whole_a hypothesis_n i_o do_v utter_o disallow_v and_o reject_v neither_o do_v the_o author_n himself_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v he_o think_v it_o ture_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v thus_o generate_v for_o he_o say_v quinimo_fw-la ad_fw-la res_fw-la naturales_fw-la meliùs_fw-la explicandas_fw-la earum_fw-la causas_fw-la altiùs_fw-la hic_fw-la repetam_fw-la quam_fw-la ipsas_fw-la unquam_fw-la extitisse_fw-la existimem_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la dubium_fw-la est_fw-la quin_fw-la mundus_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la fuerit_fw-la creatus_fw-la cum_fw-la omni_fw-la sua_fw-la perfectione_n ità_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la &_o sol_fw-la &_o terra_fw-la &_o luna_n &_o stellae_fw-la extiterint_fw-la hoc_fw-la fides_fw-la christiana_n nos_fw-la docet_fw-la hócque_fw-la etiam_fw-la ratio_fw-la naturalis_fw-la planè_fw-la persuadet_fw-la attendendo_fw-la enim_fw-la ad_fw-la immensam_fw-la dei_fw-la potentiam_fw-la non_fw-la possumus_fw-la existimare_fw-la illum_fw-la unquam_fw-la quidquam_fw-la fecisse_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la numeris_fw-la fuerit_fw-la absolutum_fw-la that_o be_v moreover_o for_o the_o better_a explicate_v of_o natural_a thing_n i_o shall_v bring_v they_o from_o high_a or_o more_o remote_a cause_n than_o i_o think_v they_o ever_o have_v for_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o world_n be_v original_o create_v in_o its_o full_a perfection_n so_o that_o in_o it_o be_v contain_v both_o sun_n and_o moon_n and_o earth_n and_o star_n etc._n etc._n for_o this_o the_o christian_a faith_n teach_v we_o and_o this_o also_o natural_a reason_n do_v plain_o persuade_v for_o attend_v to_o the_o immense_a power_n of_o god_n we_o can_v think_v that_o he_o ever_o make_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v not_o complete_a in_o all_o point_n but_o tho'_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v generate_v or_o form_v according_a to_o his_o hypothesis_n yet_o sure_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v at_o present_a such_o a_o body_n as_o he_o represent_v it_o after_o its_o perfect_a formation_n viz._n with_o a_o fire_n in_o the_o middle_n and_o so_o many_o several_a crust_n or_o coat_n enclose_v it_o else_o will_v he_o have_v give_v we_o a_o mere_a figment_n or_o romance_n instead_o of_o a_o body_n of_o philosophy_n but_o though_o i_o do_v reject_v the_o hypothesis_n yet_o the_o be_v of_o a_o central_n fire_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o so_o far_o as_o i_o understand_v any_o way_n repugnant_a to_o reason_n or_o scripture_n for_o first_o of_o all_o the_o scripture_n represent_v hell_n as_o a_o lake_n of_o fire_n mark_v 9_o 43_o 44_o etc._n etc._n revel_v 20._o 10_o 14_o 15._o and_o likewise_o as_o a_o low_a place_n beneath_o the_o earth_n so_o pslam_n 86._o 13._o and_o deut._n 32._o 22._o it_o be_v call_v the_o nethermost_a hell_n prov._n 15._o 24._o the_o way_n of_o life_n be_v above_o to_o the_o wise_a that_o he_o may_v depart_v from_o hell_n beneath_o 2._o many_o of_o the_o ancient_n understand_v that_o article_n of_o the_o creed_n he_o descend_v into_o hell_n of_o our_o saviour_n descent_n into_o that_o local_a hell_n beneath_o the_o earth_n where_o he_o trimph_v over_o the_o devil_n and_o all_o the_o power_n of_o darkness_n and_o particular_o irenaeus_n interpret_v that_o say_n of_o our_o saviour_n that_o the_o son_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v three_o day_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o his_o be_v three_o day_n in_o
the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v not_o be_v mean_v say_v he_o of_o the_o sepulchre_n because_o that_o be_v hew_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n in_o its_o superficies_n 3._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n among_o the_o divine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o hell_n be_v about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n insomuch_o as_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v solicitous_a to_o demonstrate_v that_o there_o be_v room_n enough_o to_o receive_v all_o the_o damn_a by_o give_v we_o the_o dimension_n thereof_o neither_o be_v it_o repugnant_a to_o the_o history_n of_o the_o creation_n in_o genesis_n for_o though_o indeed_o moses_n do_v mention_v only_o water_n and_o earth_n as_o the_o component_a part_n of_o this_o body_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o assert_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o simple_a uniform_a homogeneous_a body_n as_o neither_o do_v we_o when_o we_o say_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o the_o like_a for_o the_o earth_n we_o see_v be_v a_o mass_n make_v up_o of_o a_o multitude_n of_o different_a species_n of_o body_n metal_n mineral_n stone_n and_o other_o fossils_n sand_n day_n marle_n chalk_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v all_o agree_v in_o that_o they_o be_v consistent_a and_o solid_a more_o or_o less_o and_o be_v in_o that_o respect_n contradistinguish_v to_o water_n and_o together_o compound_v one_o mass_n which_o we_o call_v earth_n whether_o the_o interior_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v make_v up_o of_o so_o great_a a_o variety_n of_o different_a body_n be_v to_o we_o altogether_o unknown_a for_o though_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o collier_n that_o the_o bed_n of_o coal_n lie_v one_o way_n and_o do_v always_o dip_v towards_o the_o east_n let_v they_o go_v never_o so_o deep_a so_o that_o will_v it_o quit_v cost_n and_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o water_n they_o say_v they_o may_v pursue_v the_o bed_n of_o coal_n to_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o coal_n never_o fail_v or_o come_v to_o a_o end_n that_o way_n yet_o that_o be_v but_o a_o rash_a and_o ungrounded_a conjecture_n for_o what_o be_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o profound_a mine_n be_v they_o a_o mile_n deep_a to_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n not_o as_o one_o to_o four_o thousand_o compare_v this_o observation_n of_o dip_v with_o my_o note_n about_o other_o mine_n i_o find_v that_o the_o vein_n or_o bed_n of_o all_o general_o run_v east_n and_o west_n and_o dip_v towards_o the_o east_n of_o which_o what_o account_v or_o reason_n can_v we_o give_v but_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o west_n to_o east_n i_o know_v some_o say_v that_o the_o vein_n for_o example_n of_o tin_n and_o silver_n dip_v to_o the_o north_n though_o they_o confess_v they_o run_v east_n and_o west_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n i_o can_v understand_v the_o vein_n of_o those_o metal_n be_v narrow_a thing_n sir_n tho._n willoughby_n in_o his_o forementioned_a letter_n write_v thus_o i_o have_v talk_v with_o some_o of_o my_o collier_n about_o the_o lie_v of_o the_o coal_n and_o find_v that_o general_o the_o basset_z end_n as_o they_o call_v it_o lie_v west_n and_o run_v deep_a towards_o the_o east_n allow_v about_o twenty_o yard_n in_o length_n to_o gain_v one_o in_o depth_n but_o sometime_o they_o decline_v a_o little_a from_o this_o posture_n for_o my_o lie_n almost_o south-west_n and_o north-east_n they_o always_o sink_v to_o the_o east_n more_o or_o less_o there_o may_v therefore_o for_o aught_o we_o know_v be_v fire_n about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o body_n if_o it_o can_v find_v a_o pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n there_o to_o maintain_v it_o and_o why_o may_v it_o not_o since_o the_o fire_n in_o those_o subterraneous_a cavern_n of_o aetna_n vesuvius_n stromboli_n hecla_n and_o other_o burn_a mountain_n or_o vulcano_n have_v find_v wherewith_o to_o feed_v they_o for_o thousand_o of_o year_n and_o as_o there_o be_v at_o some_o though_o uncertain_a period_n of_o time_n violent_a eruption_n of_o fire_n from_o the_o crater_n of_o those_o mountain_n and_o mighty_a stream_n of_o melt_a material_n pour_v forth_o from_o thence_o so_o why_o may_v not_o this_o central_n fire_n in_o the_o earth_n if_o any_o such_o there_o be_v receive_v accidental_o extraordinary_a supply_n of_o convenient_a fuel_n either_o from_o some_o inflammable_a matter_n within_o or_o from_o without_o rend_v the_o thick_a exterior_a cortex_fw-la which_o imprison_v it_o or_o find_v some_o vent_v and_o issue_n break_v forth_o and_o overflow_v the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o burn_v up_o all_o thing_n this_o be_v not_o impossible_a and_o we_o have_v see_v some_o phaenomena_n in_o nature_n which_o bid_v fair_a towards_o a_o probability_n of_o it_o for_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o reason_n of_o new_a star_n appear_v and_o disappear_v again_o as_o that_o note_a one_o in_o cassiopeia_n which_o at_o first_o shine_v with_o as_o great_a a_o lustre_n as_o venus_n and_o then_o by_o degree_n diminish_v after_o some_o two_o year_n vanish_v quite_o away_o but_o that_o by_o great_a supply_n of_o combustible_a matter_n the_o internal_a fire_n sudden_o increase_v in_o quantity_n and_o force_n either_o find_v or_o make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o crack_n or_o vent_v of_o the_o maculae_fw-la which_o enclose_v it_o and_o in_o a_o instant_n as_o it_o be_v overflow_v the_o whole_a surface_n of_o the_o star_n whence_o proceed_v that_o illustrious_a light_n which_o afterward_o again_o gradual_o decay_v its_o supply_n fail_v whereas_o other_o new_o appear_v star_n which_o either_o have_v a_o constant_a supply_n of_o matter_n or_o where_o the_o fire_n have_v quite_o dissolve_v the_o maculae_fw-la and_o make_v they_o comply_v with_o its_o motion_n have_v endure_v for_o a_o long_a time_n as_o that_o which_o now_o shine_v in_o the_o neck_n of_o cygnus_n which_o appear_v and_o disappear_v at_o certain_a interval_n but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o demonstrable_a that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o central_n fire_n in_o the_o earth_n i_o propose_v the_o eruption_n thereof_o rather_o as_o a_o possible_a than_o probable_a mean_n of_o a_o conflagration_n and_o proceed_v to_o the_o last_o mean_n whereby_o it_o may_v natural_o be_v effect_v and_o that_o be_v sect_n iv._o the_o four_o natural_a cause_n of_o the_o world_n dissolution_n the_o earth_n dryness_n and_o inflammability_n iv._o the_o dryness_n and_o inflammability_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n with_o the_o eruption_n of_o the_o vulcano_n to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n those_o that_o hold_v the_o inclination_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o the_o ecliptic_a daily_o to_o diminish_v so_o that_o after_o the_o revolution_n of_o some_o age_n they_o will_v jump_v and_o consent_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o sunbeam_n lie_v perpendicular_o and_o constant_o on_o the_o part_n under_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o ground_n thereabouts_o must_v needs_o be_v extreme_o parch_v and_o render_v apt_a for_o inflammation_n but_o for_o my_o part_n i_o own_v no_o such_o decrement_n of_o inclination_n and_o the_o best_a mathematician_n of_o our_o age_n deny_v that_o there_o have_v be_v any_o since_o the_o elder_a observation_n that_o be_v come_v down_o to_o we_o for_o though_o indeed_o ptolemy_n and_o hipparchus_n do_v make_v it_o more_o than_o we_o find_v it_o by_o above_o twenty_o minute_n yet_o that_o difference_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a but_o that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o difference_n of_o instrument_n or_o observation_n in_o point_n of_o exactness_n so_o that_o not_o have_v decrease_v for_o eighteen_o hundred_o year_n past_a there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n for_o conjecture_n that_o it_o will_v alter_v in_o eighteen_o hundred_o year_n to_o come_v shall_v the_o world_n last_o so_o long_o and_o yet_o if_o there_o be_v such_o a_o diminution_n it_o will_v not_o conduce_v much_o so_o far_o as_o i_o can_v see_v to_o the_o bring_v on_o of_o a_o conflagration_n for_o though_o the_o earth_n will_v be_v extreme_o dry_v and_o perchance_o thereby_o render_v more_o inflammable_a yet_o the_o air_n be_v by_o the_o same_o heat_n as_o much_o rarify_v will_v contain_v but_o few_o nitrous_a particle_n and_o so_o be_v inept_v to_o maintain_v the_o fire_n which_o we_o see_v can_v live_v without_o they_o it_o be_v much_o deaden_v by_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o it_o and_o burn_v very_o remissly_a in_o summer_n time_n and_o hot_a wether_n for_o this_o reason_n in_o southern_a country_n in_o extraordinary_a hot_a season_n the_o air_n scarce_o suffice_v for_o respiration_n to_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o this_o let_v we_o a_o little_a consider_v what_o fire_n be_v it_o seem_v to_o consist_v of_o three_o different_a sort_n of_o part_n 1._o an_o extreme_o thin_a and_o subtle_a body_n who_o particle_n be_v in_o a_o very_a vehement_a and_o rapid_a motion_n 2._o
a_o suppose_a nitrous_a pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n which_o it_o receive_v from_o the_o air._n 3._o a_o sulphureous_a or_o unctuous_a pabulum_fw-la which_o it_o act_n and_o prey_v upon_o pass_v general_o by_o the_o name_n of_o fuel_n this_o '_o forementioned_a subtle_a body_n agitate_v the_o suppose_v nitrous_a particle_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o air_n do_v by_o their_o help_n as_o by_o wedge_n to_o use_v that_o rude_a similitude_n penetrate_v the_o unctuous_a body_n upon_o which_o it_o act_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o their_o immediate_a component_a particle_n and_o at_o length_n perchance_o into_o their_o first_o principle_n which_o operation_n be_v call_v the_o chemical_a anatomy_n of_o mix_v body_n so_o we_o see_v wood_n for_o example_n divide_v by_o fire_n into_o spirit_n oil_n water_n salt_n and_o earth_n that_o fire_n can_v live_v without_o those_o particle_n it_o receive_v from_o the_o air_n be_v manifest_a in_o that_o if_o you_o preclude_v the_o access_n of_o all_o air_n it_o be_v extinguish_v immediate_o and_o in_o that_o where_o and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v more_o charge_v with_o they_o as_o in_o cold_a country_n and_o cold_a wether_n the_o fire_n rage_v most_o that_o likewise_o it_o can_v be_v continue_v without_o a_o unctuous_a pabulum_fw-la or_o fuel_n i_o appeal_v to_o the_o experience_n of_o all_o men._n now_o then_o in_o the_o rarefy_v air_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o nitrous_a particle_n be_v proportionable_o scatter_v and_o thin_a set_v the_o fire_n that_o may_v be_v kindle_v there_o will_v burn_v but_o very_o languid_o and_o remissly_a as_o we_o say_v just_a now_o and_o so_o the_o eruption_n of_o vulcano_n if_o any_o such_o happen_v will_v not_o be_v like_a to_o do_v half_a the_o execution_n there_o that_o they_o will_v do_v in_o cold_a country_n and_o yet_o i_o never_o read_v of_o any_o spread_a conflagration_n cause_v by_o the_o eruption_n of_o any_o vulcano_n either_o in_o hot_a country_n or_o in_o cold_a they_o usual_o cast_v out_o abundance_n of_o thick_a smoke_n like_o cloud_n darken_n the_o air_n and_o likewise_o ash_n and_o stone_n sometime_o of_o a_o vast_a bigness_n and_o some_o of_o they_o as_o vesuvius_n flood_n of_o water_n other_o as_o aetna_n river_n of_o melt_a material_n run_v down_o many_o mile_n as_o for_o the_o flame_v that_o issue_n out_o of_o their_o mouth_n at_o such_o time_n they_o be_v but_o transient_a and_o mount_v upward_o seldom_o set_v any_o thing_n on_o fire_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o i_o do_v affirm_v that_o there_o have_v not_o as_o yet_o be_v nor_o for_o the_o future_a can_v be_v any_o such_o dry_n or_o parch_v of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n as_o some_o may_v imagine_v that_o there_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v i_o appeal_v to_o experience_n the_o country_n lie_v under_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v at_o this_o day_n as_o fertile_a as_o ever_o they_o be_v and_o want_v no_o more_o moisture_n now_o than_o of_o old_a they_o do_v have_v as_o 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five_o of_o his_o commentary_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n corus_n ventus_fw-la qui_fw-la magnam_fw-la partem_fw-la omnis_fw-la temporis_fw-la in_o his_o locis_fw-la flare_v consuevit_fw-la as_o for_o any_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n i_o hold_v that_o by_o mere_a natural_a cause_n to_o be_v impossible_a unless_o we_o can_v suppose_v a_o transmutation_n of_o principle_n or_o simple_a body_n which_o for_o reason_n allege_v in_o a_o former_a discourse_n i_o can_v allow_v i_o be_v then_o and_o be_o still_o of_o opinion_n that_o god_n almighty_n do_v at_o first_o create_v a_o certain_a and_o determinate_a number_n of_o principle_n or_o various_o figure_v corpuscle_n intransmutable_a by_o the_o force_n of_o any_o natural_a agent_n even_o fire_v itself_o which_o can_v only_o separate_v the_o part_n of_o heterogeneous_a body_n yet_o not_o a_o equal_a number_n of_o each_o kind_n of_o these_o principle_n but_o of_o some_o abundant_o more_o as_o of_o water_n earth_n air_n aether_n and_o of_o other_o few_o as_o of_o oil_n salt_n metal_n mineral_n etc._n etc._n now_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o body_n indivisible_a by_o fire_n be_v i_o think_v demonstrable_a for_o how_o do_v or_o can_v fire_n be_v conceive_v to_o divide_v one_o can_v hardly_o imagine_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o its_o small_a part_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o violent_a agitation_n insinuate_v themselves_o into_o compound_a body_n and_o separate_v their_o part_n which_o allow_v yet_o still_o there_o be_v a_o term_n of_o magnitude_n below_o which_o it_o can_v divide_v viz._n it_o can_v divide_v a_o body_n into_o small_a part_n than_o those_o whereof_o itself_o be_v compound_v for_o take_v suppose_v one_o lest_o part_n of_o fire_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o it_o can_v insinuate_v itself_o into_o a_o body_n as_o little_a or_o less_o than_o itself_o and_o what_o be_v true_a of_o one_o be_v true_a of_o all_o i_o say_v we_o can_v imagine_v no_o other_o way_n than_o this_o unless_o perchance_o by_o a_o violent_a stroke_n or_o shock_n the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n to_o be_v divide_v may_v be_v put_v into_o so_o impetuous_a a_o motion_n as_o to_o fall_v in_o sunder_o of_o themselves_o into_o lesser_a particle_n than_o those_o of_o the_o impellent_fw-fr body_n be_v which_o i_o will_v not_o suppose_v at_o present_a now_o it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o principle_n of_o some_o other_o simple_a body_n may_v be_v as_o small_a as_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n but_o however_o that_o be_v it_o be_v enough_o if_o the_o principle_n of_o simple_a body_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o perfect_a solidity_n natural_o indivisible_a such_o a_o simple_a body_n i_o suppose_v water_n separate_v from_o all_o heterogeneous_a mixture_n to_o be_v and_o consequent_o the_o same_o quantity_n thereof_o that_o be_v at_o first_o create_v do_v still_o remain_v and_o will_v continue_v always_o in_o despite_n of_o all_o natural_a agent_n unless_o it_o please_v the_o omnipotent_a creator_n to_o dissolve_v it_o and_o therefore_o there_o can_v be_v no_o desiccation_n of_o the_o sea_n unless_o by_o turn_v all_o its_o water_n into_o vapour_n and_o suspend_v it_o in_o the_o air_n which_o to_o do_v what_o a_o immense_a and_o long-continuing_a fire_n will_v be_v requisite_a to_o the_o maintenance_n whereof_o all_o the_o inflammable_a material_n near_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v not_o afford_v fuel_n enough_o the_o sun_n we_o see_v be_v so_o far_o from_o do_v it_o that_o it_o have_v not_o make_v one_o step_n towards_o it_o these_o four_o thousand_o year_n there_o be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n as_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n in_o the_o ocean_n now_o as_o be_v immediate_o after_o the_o flood_n and_o consequent_o there_o will_v probable_o remain_v as_o much_o in_o it_o shall_v the_o world_n last_v four_o thousand_o year_n long_o this_o