situation_n between_o the_o mean_n and_o extreme_n do_v as_o the_o former_a differ_v from_o the_o rest_n 1._o in_o the_o double_a passage_n of_o the_o ☉_o over_o their_o head_n but_o not_o in_o the_o head_n of_o ♈_o &_o ♎_o 2._o in_o their_o four_o shadow_n and_o solstice_n although_o not_o happen_v at_o the_o same_o time_n as_o in_o former_a situation_n those_o that_o have_v their_o situation_n in_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o burn_a zone_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o other_o 1._o in_o that_o the_o sun_n come_v but_o once_o unto_o their_o zenith_n 2._o in_o the_o length_n of_o their_o great_a day_n which_o be_v 3._o ho._n ½_n those_o place_n that_o be_v situate_v within_o the_o temperate_a zone_n be_v either_o in_o the_o extreme_n or_o in_o the_o mean_a the_o extreme_a space_n be_v those_o that_o be_v under_o either_o the_o trop_fw-fr of_o ♋_o whereof_o we_o speak_v before_o or_o the_o arctic_a circle_n those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o 1._o in_o that_o they_o have_v the_o zodiac_n coincident_a with_o their_o horizon_n and_o the_o pole_n thereof_o with_o their_o zenith_n 2._o in_o that_o the_o sign_n do_v arise_v unto_o they_o either_o most_o swiftlye_o or_o most_o flowelye_o 3._o in_o the_o length_n of_o one_o day_n consist_v of_o 24_o hour_n those_o that_o be_v situate_v within_o the_o mean_a space_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o 1._o in_o their_o vertical_a point_n which_o the_o sun_n never_o come_v unto_o 2._o in_o their_o shadow_n which_o be_v only_o 3._o those_o place_n that_o be_v situate_v within_o the_o freeze_a zone_n be_v either_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n or_o in_o the_o extreme_n those_o that_o be_v within_o the_o mean_a space_n of_o the_o freeze_a zone_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o 1._o in_o the_o interfection_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o the_o horizon_n in_o equidistant_a point_n 2._o in_o that_o some_o portion_n of_o the_o zodiac_n be_v always_o either_o above_o the_o horizon_n or_o under_o the_o same_o those_o that_o be_v within_o the_o extreme_n of_o the_o freeze_a zone_n be_v either_o under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n whereof_o we_o speak_v a_o little_a before_o or_o under_o the_o pole_n those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o pole_n do_v differ_v from_o other_o 1._o in_o their_o horizon_n which_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o equinoctial_a 2._o in_o their_o day_n which_o be_v half_a a_o year_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o one_o moiety_n of_o the_o zodiac_n do_v always_o appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n chap._n 40._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n compare_v one_o with_o another_o have_v diverse_a appellation_n by_o reason_n aswell_o of_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o ☉_o as_o of_o the_o horizon_n or_o parallel_n and_o meridians_fw-la the_o shadow_n cast_v by_o the_o ☉_o upon_o the_o earth_n at_o noon_n be_v either_o infinite_a or_o none_o at_o all_o or_o else_o they_o be_v finite_a the_o shadow_n that_o be_v infinite_a or_o equidistant_a unto_o the_o beam_n be_v cast_v in_o the_o freeze_a zone_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v periseti_n that_o be_v shadow_v round_o about_o because_o their_o shadow_n do_v go_v in_o compass_n round_o about_o they_o those_o that_o have_v no_o shadow_n at_o noon_n tide_n be_v in_o the_o burn_a zone_n who_o inhabitant_n be_v name_v either_o aseu_n because_o when_o the_o ☉_o be_v in_o their_o zenith_n they_o have_v no_o shadow_n at_o all_o or_o else_o amphiscii_n have_v 2_o shadow_n the_o one_o septentrional_a when_o the_o sun_n go_v from_o they_o towards_o the_o south_n the_o other_o meridional_a when_o he_o pass_v from_o they_o towards_o the_o north._n those_o who_o shadow_n be_v finite_a be_v name_v heteroscii_n as_o have_v but_o one_o of_o those_o shadow_n either_o septentrional_a as_o in_o the_o septentrional_a temperate_a zone_n or_o else_o meridional_a as_o in_o the_o meridional_a temperate_a zone_n whereof_o lucan_n make_v mention_v as_o concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o world_n who_o comparison_n one_o with_o another_o stand_v upon_o the_o horizon_n or_o the_o parallel_n and_o meridian_n we_o have_v 5._o thing_n to_o consider_v 1._o some_o of_o they_o have_v the_o same_o sensible_a horizon_n who_o albertus_n call_v simul_fw-la habitantes_fw-la dwell_v together_o 2._o some_o of_o they_o do_v dwell_v under_o the_o opposite_a point_n of_o the_o same_o parallel_n and_o be_v call_v proprelie_o by_o the_o greek_n pertoeci_n as_o if_o you_o will_v say_v dweller_n about_o of_o the_o latin_n transuersi_fw-la dweller_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 3._o some_o of_o they_o dwell_v under_o the_o same_o parallel_n but_o not_o in_o the_o opposite_a point_n have_v a_o diverse_a longitude_n who_o albertus_n call_v circular_a dweller_n 4._o some_o of_o they_o dwell_v under_o the_o point_n of_o the_o same_o semimeridian_n equidistant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la have_v a_o contrary_a latitude_n and_o be_v call_v antoeci_n or_o antomi_n also_o oblique_a inhabitant_n 5._o some_o of_o they_o do_v inhabit_v a_o equal_a or_o also_o the_o same_o parallel_n but_o under_o the_o point_n of_o the_o meridian_n diametrallie_o opposite_a and_o be_v call_v antipode_n antichthones_n and_o opposite_a the_o distinction_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o the_o length_n of_o the_o date_n chap._n 41._o for_o the_o more_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o the_o long_a day_n in_o every_o place_n of_o the_o world_n sensible_o change_v themselves_o the_o astronomer_n have_v devise_v the_o distinction_n of_o parallel_n and_o of_o climate_n the_o parallel_n offer_v unto_o our_o consideration_n their_o definition_n and_o their_o supputation_n they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v circle_n distinguish_v the_o climate_n and_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o at_o the_o most_o but_o quarter_n of_o hour_n their_o supputation_n be_v diverse_a deliver_v by_o 3._o sort_n of_o geographer_n 1._o by_o the_o common_a geographer_n which_o do_v distinguishe_v the_o space_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o 12._o gr_n 45._o mi._n unto_o 50._o gr_n 30._o mi._n into_o 15._o parallel_n attribute_v unto_o each_o one_o of_o a_o hour_n 2._o by_o the_o mariner_n who_o in_o like_a manner_n do_v recon_fw-mi 14._o parallel_n distinguish_v by_o quarter_n of_o hour_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la unto_o 45._o gr_n but_o then_o they_o proceed_v by_o half_a hour_n unto_o the_o 19_o parallel_n and_o then_o by_o add_v on_o whole_a hour_n they_o come_v unto_o the_o 21._o prrallele_n 3._o by_o the_o more_o subtle_a geographer_n who_o make_v 48._o several_a parallel_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la towards_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n unto_o the_o 66._o gr_n 30._o there_n of_o elevation_n and_o from_o thence_o augment_v they_o by_o day_n they_o add_v 20._o more_o the_o climate_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v in_o their_o definition_n in_o their_o division_n in_o their_o number_n and_o in_o their_o magnitude_n the_o definition_n be_v thus_o a_o climate_n be_v a_o space_n of_o the_o earth_n include_v within_o 3._o parallel_n contain_v the_o difference_n of_o ½_n a_o hour_n their_o division_n be_v either_o general_a or_o particular_a their_o general_a division_n it_o that_o in_o regard_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o be_v call_v northern_a climate_n and_o some_o southern_a the_o northern_a climate_n have_v their_o proper_a name_n derive_v from_o the_o place_n through_o the_o which_o they_o do_v pass_v the_o southern_a climate_n be_v those_o that_o be_v name_v by_o the_o contrary_n their_o particular_a division_n be_v that_o in_o regard_n whereof_o every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v divide_v into_o 3._o parallel_n the_o first_o the_o middlemost_a and_o the_o last_o parallel_n their_o number_n be_v know_v through_o the_o supputation_n of_o the_o parallel_n their_o magnitude_n be_v inequal_a aswell_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o longitude_n as_o of_o their_o latitude_n their_o longitude_n towards_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v great_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a compass_n of_o circle_n and_o toward_o the_o pole_n it_o be_v less_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o less_o compass_n their_o latitude_n be_v inequal_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o space_n of_o degree_n that_o half_o a_o hour_n do_v contain_v and_o it_o be_v great_a about_o the_o equator_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o almost_o equal_a compass_n of_o the_o degree_n and_o less_o about_o the_o pole_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o narrow_a inclination_n of_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o light_n and_o of_o the_o shadow_n and_o their_o difference_n chap._n 42._o forasmuch_o as_o there_o have_v be_v often_o mention_v make_v of_o the_o shadow_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o if_o we_o set_v before_o your_o eye_n the_o methodical_a description_n thereof_o and_o see_v that_o contraty_n be_v by_o their_o contrary_n make_v more_o manifest_a we_o will_v declare_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o light_n and_o
breadth_n and_o in_o colour_n the_o cause_n be_v diverse_a and_o those_o either_o fabulous_a or_o natural_a the_o fabulous_a cause_n be_v in_o number_n 4._o the_o first_o be_v take_v from_o the_o scorch_n of_o the_o ☉_o as_o if_o the_o ☉_o have_v sometime_o make_v his_o motion_n there_o and_o by_o his_o scorch_n have_v cause_v that_o place_n to_o be_v white_a the_o second_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o milk_n of_o juno_n that_o run_v plentiful_o out_o of_o her_o pap_n paint_v this_o circle_n of_o that_o colour_n the_o three_o be_v fetch_v from_o the_o seat_n and_o habitation_n of_o strong_a and_o valiant_a man_n who_o the_o poet_n have_v place_v in_o this_o circle_n the_o four_o be_v derive_v out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o god_n as_o if_o they_o pass_v thereby_o unto_o the_o palace_n of_o jupiter_n the_o natural_a cause_n allege_v although_o they_o be_v many_o yet_o be_v principal_o but_o 3._o the_o first_o by_o theophrastus_n who_o say_v that_o it_o be_v that_o join_v together_o whereby_o the_o heaven_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o hemisphere_n be_v as_o it_o be_v by_o a_o certain_a clay_n fasten_v the_o second_o by_o aristotle_n who_o take_v it_o to_o be_v a_o meteore_n set_v on_o fire_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o a_o comet_n the_o three_o be_v astronomical_a which_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v a_o girdle_n cause_v by_o many_o little_a star_n as_o it_o be_v one_o touch_v another_o in_o the_o which_o concur_v in_o that_o place_n the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v diffuse_v the_o distinct_a star_n that_o make_v it_o be_v cheiflie_o these_o the_o arowe_n the_o eagle_n the_o bow_n of_o â™_o the_o altar_n the_o 4._o foot_n of_o the_o centaur_n the_o ship_n argo_n the_o head_n of_o the_o dog_n the_o right_a hand_n of_o orion_n erichthonius_n or_o the_o wagoner_n with_o the_o goat_n on_o his_o shoulder_n perseus_n cassiopeia_n and_o the_o swan_n of_o the_o 5_o principal_a region_n of_o the_o world_n common_o call_v zone_n chap._n 29._o the_o universal_a globe_n aswell_o of_o the_o heaven_n as_o of_o the_o earth_n answerable_a thereunto_o be_v distinguish_v into_o certain_a orbicular_a tract_n which_o the_o space_n comprehend_v between_o the_o 4._o parallel_n do_v make_v of_o which_o tract_n we_o may_v consider_v the_o name_n the_o definition_n the_o general_a number_n and_o their_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o their_o name_n be_v diverse_a for_o they_o be_v call_v either_o zone_n or_o swaddle_a band_n or_o girdle_n or_o mash_n or_o coast_n they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o space_n either_o of_o the_o heaven_n or_o of_o the_o earth_n comprehend_v between_o two_o less_o parallel_n or_o else_o include_v on_o everye_o side_n with_o the_o polare_fw-la circle_n their_o general_a number_n be_v twofolde_v for_o either_o they_o be_v celestial_a and_o so_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a or_o else_o they_o be_v terrestrial_a of_o the_o same_o proportion_n with_o the_o celestial_a the_o celestial_a be_v either_o mean_a or_o extreme_a or_o between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a the_o mean_a be_v that_o zone_n which_o be_v include_v between_o the_o 2._o tropicke_n and_o be_v cut_v in_o two_o equal_a part_n by_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o extreme_n or_o polare_fw-la zone_n be_v those_o whereof_o be_v but_o 2_o the_o one_o be_v call_v the_o septentrional_a zone_n within_o the_o arctic_a circle_n the_o other_o the_o meridional_a zone_n within_o the_o antarcticke_a circle_n the_o zone_n between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a be_v also_o 2._o whereof_o the_o one_o be_v septentrional_a comprehend_v between_o the_o tropic_n of_o ♋_o and_o the_o circle_n arctic_a and_o the_o other_o meridional_a comprehend_v between_o the_o tropic_n of_o ♑_o and_o the_o circle_n antarctic_a the_o terrestrial_a zone_n have_v the_o same_o reason_n with_o the_o celestial_a aswell_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o number_n as_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o name_n the_o terrestrial_a zone_n be_v also_o 5._o in_o number_n answer_v proportionallye_o unto_o the_o 5._o celestial_a zone_n conical_o mark_v out_o by_o the_o 4._o celestial_a parallel_n the_o terrestrial_a zone_n have_v the_o same_o reason_n with_o the_o celestial_a in_o respect_n of_o their_o name_n also_o for_o that_o terrestrial_a zone_n that_o be_v under_o the_o mean_a celestial_a be_v call_v mean_a those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o extreme_n or_o polares_fw-la be_v call_v extreme_n septentrional_a or_o meridional_a and_o those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o zone_n between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a have_v their_o name_n according_o and_o be_v either_o northerly_a or_o southerlie_a the_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o mean_a or_o burn_a zone_n according_a to_o the_o latitude_n reckon_v in_o the_o meridian_n contain_v 47._o gr_n or_o 705._o mile_n the_o extreme_a intemperate_a zone_n do_v each_o of_o they_o according_a to_o the_o say_a reckon_n contain_v as_o many_o degree_n and_o mile_n as_o the_o mean_a the_o temperate_a zone_n between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a do_v each_o of_o they_o contain_v according_a to_o the_o former_a reckon_n 41._o gr_n or_o 645._o mile_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o zone_n and_o the_o manner_n how_o all_o place_n upon_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v bring_v within_o their_o compass_n chap._n 30._o the_o difference_n also_o of_o the_o zone_n as_o well_o celestial_a as_o terrestrial_a and_o the_o reason_n how_o all_o place_n upon_o earth_n may_v be_v refer_v unto_o they_o be_v worthy_a the_o note_n their_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o figure_n or_o their_o accidental_a nature_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o mean_a be_v uniform_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n alike_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o extreme_n be_v either_o of_o they_o equal_a to_o other_o yet_o such_o as_o that_o they_o seem_v rather_o to_o carry_v the_o shape_n of_o circle_n then_o of_o zone_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o zone_n between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a be_v either_o of_o they_o alike_o and_o equal_a unto_o the_o other_o yet_o about_o the_o tropick_n their_o figure_n be_v limit_v with_o a_o great_a compass_n then_o toward_o the_o polare_fw-la circle_n the_o accidental_a nature_n of_o the_o zone_n be_v that_o in_o regard_n whereof_o they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v mean_a extreme_a and_o between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a the_o mean_a or_o burn_a zone_n be_v divide_v into_o 2._o part_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v situate_v under_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o other_o about_o the_o tropicke_n that_o part_n which_o be_v situate_v under_o the_o equator_fw-la seem_v to_o be_v temperate_a and_o that_o for_o three_o cause_n 1._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sudden_a and_o cross_a access_n and_o recess_n of_o the_o sun_n 2._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o continual_a equality_n of_o the_o night_n and_o day_n in_o that_o place_n 3._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o swift_a carry_v about_o of_o the_o ☉_o by_o the_o first_o motion_n that_o part_n which_o be_v situate_v under_o the_o tropicke_n be_v hard_o to_o be_v inhabit_v and_o that_o also_o for_o 3._o cause_n 1._o for_o the_o slow_a conversion_n of_o the_o ☉_o 2._o for_o the_o double_a projection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n upon_o those_o place_n 3._o for_o the_o great_a increase_n of_o the_o summer_n day_n above_o the_o night_n the_o extreme_a zone_n be_v both_o of_o they_o freeze_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o too_o much_o cold_a that_o fall_v out_o there_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o oblique_a projection_n and_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n the_o zone_n between_o mean_a and_o extreme_a be_v both_o of_o they_o temperate_a and_o be_v divide_v into_o 3._o region_n whereof_o one_o be_v situate_v about_o the_o middle_a part_n thereof_o which_o we_o judge_v simple_o to_o be_v temperate_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o moderate_a heat_n of_o the_o ☉_o namely_o from_o 34._o gr_n unto_o 48._o gr_n distance_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o other_o 2._o region_n be_v about_o the_o extreme_n thereof_o the_o one_o be_v about_o the_o tropick_n and_o so_o subject_a unto_o the_o intemperate_a heat_n of_o the_o burn_a zone_n the_o other_o nigh_o unto_o the_o polares_fw-la and_o therefore_o subject_a unto_o the_o intemperate_a cold_n of_o the_o freeze_a zone_n the_o reason_n how_o all_o place_n upon_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v refer_v unto_o those_o zone_n have_v two_o consideration_n 1._o if_o the_o place_n have_v septentrional_a latitude_n and_o that_o less_o than_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o ☉_o they_o belong_v unto_o the_o burn_a zone_n if_o equal_a unto_o the_o trop_fw-fr of_o ♋_o if_o great_a and_o yet_o not_o exceed_v ♋_o gr_n 30._o mi._n they_o belong_v unto_o the_o temperate_a zone_n if_o the_o say_v septentrional_a latitude_n be_v equal_a unto_o the_o compliment_n of_o the_o great_a obliquation_n they_o must_v be_v place_v under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n if_o great_a under_o the_o freeze_a zone_n 2._o if_o the_o
diameter_n or_o else_o be_v compare_v but_o with_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o ☉_o which_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o equal_a space_n of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o earth_n chap._n 14._o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o four_o proportional_a number_n in_o which_o rule_n 3._o number_n be_v give_v and_o the_o four_o be_v unknown_a the_o three_o number_n give_v which_o contain_v the_o proportion_n of_o a_o segment_n of_o a_o celestial_a circle_n unto_o the_o like_a space_n on_o the_o earth_n be_v 1._o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n 2_o the_o viatorie_a distance_n 3._o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n by_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n be_v understand_v so_o many_o celestial_a degree_n as_o any_o terrestrial_a place_n be_v distant_a asunder_o the_o viatorie_a distance_n be_v that_o terrestrial_a space_n of_o way_n that_o be_v answerable_a unto_o one_o degree_n or_o any_o other_o difference_n of_o latitude_n and_o it_o be_v find_v out_o 3_o manner_n of_o way_n first_o by_o the_o distance_n of_o any_o two_o place_n upon_o the_o earth_n situate_v under_o one_o meridian_n the_o say_a distance_n be_v precise_o try_v second_o by_o the_o latitude_n of_o both_o place_n either_o observe_v by_o instrument_n or_o take_v out_o of_o table_n thirdlye_o by_o subduct_v the_o less_o out_o of_o the_o great_a for_o so_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n shall_v appear_v whereunto_o the_o space_n of_o way_n know_v between_o the_o place_n give_v shall_v be_v answerable_a whereby_o unto_o each_o degree_n of_o a_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n there_o be_v answerable_a upon_o the_o earth_n after_o ptolemee_n furlong_n 500_o pass_n 62500._o great_a league_n 15._o after_o eratosthenes_n surl_n 700._o pass_n 87500_o leag_n 21._o â…ž_n the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a heaven_n contain_v 360._o gr_n be_v the_o 3._o number_n in_o the_o proportion_n 1_o for_o that_o of_o a_o little_a and_o of_o a_o great_a globe_n there_o be_v the_o like_a reason_n 2._o because_o the_o terrestrial_a meridian_n have_v the_o same_o centre_n with_o the_o celestial_a the_o four_o number_n of_o the_o proportion_n that_o be_v the_o circuit_n of_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o earth_n have_v 2._o consideration_n the_o first_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o search_v thereof_o and_o that_o be_v first_o by_o multiply_v the_o three_o number_n that_o be_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o heaven_n by_o the_o second_o which_o contain_v the_o space_n of_o way_n upon_o earth_n and_o then_o by_o divide_v the_o product_n by_o the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n the_o second_o consideration_n be_v of_o the_o quotient_a or_o manifestation_n of_o the_o content_n which_o according_a to_o prolemee_n be_v mile_n 22550._o furl_n 180000._o pas_fw-fr 22500000._o great_a league_n 5400._o according_a to_o eratosthenes_n mile_n 61250._o furl_n 252000._o pass_n 61250000._o great_a league_n 7875._o the_o measure_n of_o the_o diameter_n and_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o also_o of_o the_o area_n and_o surface_n thereof_o chap._n 15._o in_o measure_v the_o terrestrial_a globe_n we_o conder_n either_o the_o diameter_n or_o the_o semidiameter_n or_o the_o area_n or_o the_o connex_v surface_n thereof_o the_o diameter_n be_v measure_v by_o the_o proportion_n thereof_o unto_o the_o whole_a circumference_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o four_o proportional_a number_n wherein_o again_o three_o be_v give_v and_o the_o four_o be_v unknowen_a the_o three_o number_n give_v be_v thorough_o know_v and_o understand_v must_v be_v due_o place_v and_o they_o must_v contain_v two_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v the_o proportion_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o a_o circle_n unto_o the_o diameter_n thereof_o which_o be_v tripla_fw-la sesquiseptima_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o circumference_n be_v unto_o the_o diameter_n as_o 22._o be_v unto_o 7._o the_o second_o be_v the_o great_a circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o any_o measure_n which_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o 14._o chapter_n the_o four_o number_n of_o the_o proportion_n be_v unknowen_a be_v the_o diameter_n which_o be_v seek_v first_o by_o multiply_v the_o third_o by_o the_o second_o which_o be_v 7._o &_o divide_v the_o product_n by_o the_o first_o which_o be_v 22._o then_o by_o subduct_v the_o 22._o part_n which_o come_v forth_o of_o the_o division_n of_o the_o circumference_n by_o 22._o out_o of_o the_o circumference_n &_o divide_v the_o remainder_n by_o 3._o whereupon_o arise_v the_o content_a of_o the_o diameter_n after_o ptolemee_n contain_v mile_n 7159_o 〈◊〉_d furl_n 57272_o 〈◊〉_d pass_v 7159090_o 10_o 11_o great_a leag_v 1718_o 〈◊〉_d after_o eratosih_n mâ—es_n 19488_o 7_o 11_o fur_n 80181_o 〈◊〉_d pass_v 1948863_o 〈◊〉_d great_a leag_n 2505_o 〈◊〉_d the_o semidiameter_n be_v the_o distance_n between_o the_o convex_n surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o he_o centre_n thereof_o which_o some_o do_v imagine_v to_o be_v the_o place_n of_o helly_a the_o say_a distance_n be_v find_v two_o waâ—es_n 1_o by_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o circle_n unto_o the_o semidiameter_n which_o be_v sâ—â—tuple_v over_o and_o beside_o 1_o 14_o or_o as_o 44_o be_v unto_o 7._o 2_o by_o divide_v the_o diameter_n into_o two_o part_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o shall_v be_v find_v to_o contain_v after_o ptolemec_n mile_n 3579_o ½_n furl_n 28636_o pass_n 3579545_o great_a leag_n 859_o 1_o 11_o after_o eratosthenes_n mile_n 9744._o furl_n 40090_o ½_n pass_v 974431._o great_a leag_n 12â—2_n ½_n the_o area_n or_o plane_n be_v find_v by_o multiply_v half_o the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n take_v in_o any_o know_a measure_n by_o the_o semidiameter_n thereof_o the_o convex_n surface_n that_o cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n be_v find_v by_o multiply_v the_o terrestrial_a area_n or_o plane_n by_o 4._o the_o general_a definition_n and_o division_n of_o the_o circle_n chap._n 16._o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v spherical_a and_o their_o motion_n circular_a therefore_o for_o the_o better_a conceive_v of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o celestial_a motion_n they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o certain_a circle_n as_o part_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o show_v the_o name_n &_o the_o division_n in_o the_o name_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v their_o acception_n and_o their_o diversity_n be_v notwithstanding_o all_o one_o in_o signification_n the_o acception_n of_o the_o name_n circle_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n geometrical_a and_o astronomical_a the_o geometrical_a acception_n be_v when_o a_o circle_n be_v take_v for_o a_o plane_n figure_n which_o one_o line_n equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n do_v encompass_v the_o astronomical_a acception_n be_v other_o as_o it_o signify_v a_o circular_a line_n or_o a_o circumference_n want_v breadth_n or_o else_o a_o circular_a surface_n which_o have_v breadth_n thereunto_o adjoin_v the_o diversity_n of_o name_n all_o one_o in_o meaning_n be_v when_o circle_n be_v call_v amongst_o diverse_a author_n thread_n compass_n orb_n segment_n ring_n parallel_n &_o equidistant_a line_n the_o division_n of_o circle_n be_v diverslye_o deliver_v by_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n in_o three_o respect_n first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o material_a sphere_n within_o the_o which_o some_o of_o the_o circle_n be_v not_o place_v &_o be_v therefore_o call_v extrinsical_a fix_v and_o manisold_a as_o the_o orison_n and_o the_o meridian_n other_o be_v place_v within_o the_o sphere_n &_o be_v therefore_o call_v intrinsical_v movable_a and_o singular_a as_o be_v the_o two_o polares_fw-la the_o equator_fw-la the_o zodiac_n the_o two_o colour_n and_o the_o two_o tropicke_n second_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n or_o the_o twofolde_a motion_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o greek_n distinguish_v they_o again_o into_o three_o sort_n the_o first_o be_v parallel_n in_o number_n 5._o namely_o the_o 2._o polares_fw-la the_o 2._o tropick_n and_o the_o equator_fw-la all_o which_o have_v the_o same_o pole_n with_o the_o world_n be_v equidistant_a on_o all_o side_n and_o serve_v the_o first_o or_o universal_a motion_n the_o second_o be_v oblique_a circle_n in_o number_n 3._o namely_o the_o zodiac_n serve_v the_o second_o motion_n the_o horizon_n the_o milk_n way_n all_o the_o which_o lie_v oblique_a between_o the_o pole_n the_o third_o be_v those_o circle_n that_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o pole_n and_o they_o be_v also_o 3._o in_o number_n namely_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o solstitial_a colour_n and_o the_o meridian_n the_o third_o division_n of_o circle_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o their_o quantity_n according_a whereunto_o some_o circle_n be_v call_v great_a and_o some_o less_o the_o great_a circle_n be_v in_o number_n 6._o name_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o zodiac_n theâ—_n colour_n the_o horizon_n and_o the_o meridian_n all_o which_o be_v equal_a
be_v call_v civil_a or_o natural_a the_o other_o artificial_a in_o the_o civil_a or_o natural_a day_n we_o may_v consider_v the_o definition_n the_o distinction_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o inequality_n the_o definition_n respect_v either_o the_o name_n or_o the_o thing_n itself_o it_o be_v call_v either_o natural_a as_o cause_v by_o the_o natural_a or_o regular_fw-la motion_n of_o the_o whole_a or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d by_o prolemee_n as_o consist_v of_o the_o night_n and_o day_n together_o or_o else_o civil_a because_o all_o nation_n natural_o do_v term_v it_o a_o day_n the_o definition_n respect_v the_o thing_n be_v that_o according_a to_o which_o it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o space_n of_o 24._o hour_n and_o certain_a minute_n consist_v of_o light_n and_o darkness_n the_o definition_n thereof_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o continuance_n and_o length_n of_o the_o day_n and_o thereof_o one_o be_v call_v inequal_a or_o different_a also_o the_o true_a and_o apparent_a day_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d irregulare_fw-la another_o the_o equal_a or_o mean_a day_n the_o inequal_a or_o different_a day_n be_v the_o space_n of_o 24._o hour_n and_o so_o many_o minute_n as_o be_v answerable_a unto_o each_o portion_n of_o the_o zodiac_n which_o the_o ☉_o do_v daily_a run_v over_o the_o equal_a or_o indifferent_a day_n be_v the_o space_n of_o 24._o hour_n and_o so_o many_o minute_n as_o be_v answerable_a unto_o the_o quatity_n of_o the_o mean_a motion_n of_o the_o ☉_o in_o one_o day_n which_o be_v 59_o gr_n 8._o mi._n the_o cause_n of_o the_o inequality_n happen_v unto_o the_o true_a natural_a day_n either_o in_o a_o right_n or_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o inequality_n happen_v in_o a_o right_a sphere_n be_v through_o the_o inequal_a augmentation_n by_o mean_n either_o of_o the_o equinoctial_a ascension_n inequal_o answer_v the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o obliquity_n of_o the_o zodiac_n orel_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o ☉_o which_o about_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n be_v inequal_a the_o cause_n of_o the_o inqualitye_n of_o the_o day_n happen_v in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n be_v through_o the_o inequal_a augmentation_n appertein_v either_o to_o the_o equinoctial_a ascension_n inequal_o answer_v the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o obliquity_n aswell_o of_o the_o horizon_n as_o of_o the_o zodiac_n or_o else_o to_o the_o eccentricke_a circle_n of_o the_o ☉_o wherein_o the_o ☉_o run_v do_v in_o equal_a time_n perform_v a_o inequal_a motion_n the_o artificial_a day_n be_v handle_v in_o the_o chap._n follow_v of_o the_o artificial_a day_n and_o night_n and_o the_o diversity_n belong_v to_o they_o both_o chap._n 37._o the_o ☉_o carry_v about_o by_o the_o first_o motion_n distinguish_v the_o naturaall_a day_n into_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v call_v the_o artificial_a day_n the_o other_o the_o artificial_a night_n concern_v the_o artificial_a day_n astronomy_n deliver_v the_o definition_n and_o the_o proportion_n thereof_o the_o definition_n contain_v the_o author_n and_o the_o term_n thereof_o the_o author_n of_o the_o artificial_a day_n be_v the_o ☉_o who_o carry_v about_o by_o the_o first_o motion_n describe_v in_o the_o day_n time_n a_o certain_a ark_n the_o term_n be_v either_o from_o whence_o that_o be_v from_o the_o easterlie_fw-mi part_n of_o the_o horizon_n or_o by_o what_o that_o be_v by_o the_o vertical_a meridian_n or_o unto_o what_o that_o be_v unto_o the_o westerly_a part_n of_o the_o horizon_n the_o proportion_n of_o the_o artificial_a day_n be_v deliver_v in_o so_o much_o as_o appertain_v unto_o the_o length_n thereof_o either_o in_o a_o right_a or_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n in_o a_o right_a sphere_n it_o be_v always_o equal_a unto_o it_o self_n and_o to_o the_o night_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o equality_n both_o of_o the_o ascension_n for_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o equator_fw-la do_v always_o equal_o ascend_v and_o descend_v with_o six_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n and_o of_o the_o diurnal_a and_o nocturnal_a segment_n in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n the_o day_n to_o themselves_o and_o to_o the_o night_n be_v either_o equal_a or_o inequal_a the_o day_n be_v equal_a both_o to_o themselves_o and_o to_o the_o night_n in_o the_o equinoctial_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o equality_n both_o of_o the_o ascension_n for_o look_v how_o great_a the_o ascension_n of_o the_o diurnal_a ark_n be_v so_o great_a also_o be_v the_o descension_n of_o the_o nocturnal_a &_o of_o the_o segment_n which_o the_o ☉_o describe_v the_o say_a segment_n be_v incident_a with_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o day_n be_v inequal_a both_o among_o themselves_o and_o to_o the_o night_n when_o the_o ☉_o have_v pass_v the_o equinoctial_a point_n aswell_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o ascension_n of_o the_o sign_n as_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n inequal_a describe_v of_o the_o parallel_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o world_n the_o artificial_a night_n geve_v we_o to_o consider_v the_o definition_n and_o the_o measure_n it_o be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o part_n remain_v of_o the_o natural_a day_n comprehend_v the_o space_n between_o the_o set_n of_o the_o ☉_o and_o the_o rise_n thereof_o the_o measure_n thereof_o be_v either_o equal_a or_o inequal_a the_o equality_n of_o measure_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o right_a sphere_n always_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n two_o time_n in_o the_o year_n the_o inequality_n of_o measure_n have_v notwithstanding_o either_o a_o like_a diversity_n in_o the_o sign_n equidistant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o alternate_a in_o opposite_a point_n of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o equal_a and_o inequal_a hour_n chap._n 38._o have_v thus_o set_v down_o the_o description_n of_o the_o day_n it_o fall_v out_o now_o to_o entreat_v of_o their_o part_n common_o call_v hour_n whereof_o we_o must_v consider_v the_o general_a reason_n and_o the_o division_n the_o general_a reason_n attend_v their_o definition_n their_o number_n and_o their_o subdivision_n they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o space_n of_o time_n wherein_o the_o 24._o part_n or_o 15._o gr_n either_o of_o the_o equator_fw-la or_o of_o the_o ecliptic_a do_v full_o arise_v they_o be_v in_o number_n 24._o belong_v unto_o every_o natural_a day_n every_o hour_n be_v subdivide_v into_o 60._o minute_n every_o minute_n into_o 60._o second_n etc._n etc._n the_o division_n of_o the_o hour_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o either_o they_o be_v reckon_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a or_o else_o in_o the_o equator_fw-la those_o that_o be_v take_v in_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o ascension_n whereof_o do_v vary_v be_v call_v inequal_a hour_n whereof_o the_o name_n the_o definition_n and_o the_o number_n be_v to_o be_v note_v they_o be_v call_v natural_a by_o io._n de_fw-la sacro_fw-la bosco_fw-la and_o temporal_a and_o artificial_a and_o planetary_a they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v the_o space_n of_o time_n wherein_o the_o moiety_n of_o a_o sign_n of_o the_o zodiac_n count_v from_o the_o place_n of_o the_o ☉_o or_o the_o opposite_a thereof_o do_v ascend_v their_o number_n be_v as_o much_o by_o day_n as_o by_o night_n for_o 6._o sign_n of_o the_o ecl._n do_v always_o arise_v aswell_o by_o day_n as_o by_o night_n the_o hour_n that_o be_v reckon_v in_o the_o equator_fw-la which_o arise_v uniformelie_o be_v call_v equal_a hour_n whereof_o we_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o note_v the_o name_n the_o definition_n and_o the_o number_n they_o be_v call_v natural_a by_o many_o and_o equinoctial_a hour_n they_o be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o space_n of_o time_n wheâ—_n in_o 15_o gr_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la do_v full_o arise_v their_o number_n be_v always_o inequal_a save_v in_o the_o 2._o equinoctial_a season_n for_o at_o other_o time_n 6._o sign_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la do_v not_o everye_o day_n complete_o arise_v and_o set_v of_o the_o diverse_a accident_n of_o diverse_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o the_o diverse_a situation_n of_o the_o sphere_n chap._n 39_o the_o situation_n of_o every_o place_n and_o region_n on_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o space_n either_o of_o the_o burn_v or_o temperate_a or_o freeze_a zone_n the_o place_n situate_v in_o the_o burn_a zone_n be_v either_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n or_o between_o mean_a &_o extreme_a or_o in_o the_o extreme_n their_o situation_n that_o be_v in_o the_o mean_a space_n differ_v from_o the_o rest_n 1._o in_o the_o 4._o sort_n of_o shadow_n which_o they_o have_v viz._n septentrional_a meridional_a oriental_a and_o occidental_a 2._o in_o their_o 4._o solstice_n which_o they_o have_v two_o be_v high_a in_o ♈_o &_o ♎_o and_o two_o low_a in_o ♋_o &_o ♑_o 3._o in_o their_o continual_a equinoctialle_n 4._o in_o their_o two_o winter_n and_o two_o somers_n those_o that_o have_v their_o