expression_n and_o manner_n of_o description_n of_o region_n aswell_o in_o the_o find_n out_o the_o angle_n of_o position_n as_o translation_n of_o place_n former_o find_v out_o into_o the_o globe_n or_o chart._n chap._n 4._o special_a which_o contain_v the_o distinction_n of_o a_o place_n into_o sea_n who_o description_n be_v call_v hydrography_n in_o which_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o adjunct_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v either_o internal_a which_o be_v inbred_a in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o again_o be_v either_o absolute_a such_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o sea_n without_o any_o comparison_n of_o it_o with_o the_o land_n here_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o the_o figure_n and_o quality_n chap._n 5._o 2_o the_o motion_n natural_a and_o violent_a chap._n 6._o comparative_a which_o concern_v the_o depth_n situation_n and_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n chap._n 7._o external_a which_o concern_v sea-trafficke_n and_o merchandise_n chap._n 8._o land_n which_o we_o term_v pedography_n who_o accident_n be_v either_o natural_a which_o be_v again_o divide_v into_o perpetual_a such_o as_o ordinary_o agree_v to_o the_o earth_n these_o again_o be_v either_o absolute_a wherein_o we_o have_v no_o respect_n unto_o the_o sea_n here_o we_o consider_v the_o nature_n 1_o of_o river_n fountain_n and_o lakeâ—_n chap._n 9_o 2_o of_o mountain_n vallieâ—_n and_o plaine-region_n woody_a and_o champion_n country_n chap._n 10._o comparative_a wherein_o we_o consider_v the_o termination_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o land_n chap._n 11._o casual_a which_o seldom_o fall_v out_o such_o as_o be_v inundation_n and_o earthquake_n chap._n 12._o civil_a which_o concern_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o any_o place_n in_o who_o we_o consider_v the_o original_a or_o offspring_n chap._n 13._o disposition_n which_o be_v vary_v either_o accorâ—â—â—â—_n 〈…〉_z 1_o site_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n chap._n 14._o 2_o soil_n chap._n 15._o geographie_n the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._o of_o topographie_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o place_n in_o the_o former_a treatise_n by_o god_n assistance_n we_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o spherical_a part_n of_o geography_n it_o will_v in_o the_o second_o place_n seem_v convenient_a to_o speak_v of_o the_o topical_a part_n of_o it_o 2_o the_o topical_a part_n teach_v the_o description_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o place_n the_o nature_n of_o topographie_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v in_o this_o second_o part_n be_v discover_v unto_o we_o not_o only_o in_o the_o name_n which_o promise_v a_o description_n of_o place_n but_o also_o in_o the_o difference_n set_v down_o by_o ptolemy_n himself_o betwixt_o the_o spherical_a and_o topical_a part_n the_o former_a of_o which_o he_o call_v geography_n and_o latter_a topographie_n whereof_o we_o have_v speak_v at_o large_a in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o our_o former_a book_n here_o only_o we_o will_v note_v this_o one_o distinction_n that_o tâ—â—ograhie_n may_v be_v tâ—ken_v either_o more_o general_o or_o special_o general_o we_o may_v take_v it_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o discover_v unto_o we_o either_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o all_o his_o part_n or_o at_o least_o some_o great_a and_o principal_a part_n such_o as_o be_v a_o empire_n region_n kingdom_n or_o such_o like_a more_o special_o and_o particular_o it_o have_v usual_o be_v take_v for_o the_o description_n of_o a_o very_a small_a place_n who_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n be_v not_o note_v but_o of_o the_o part_v one_o to_o the_o other_o such_o as_o be_v city_n burrowes_n townes_n castle_n lake_n and_o river_n the_o former_a whereat_o we_o chief_o aim_v can_v well_o be_v perform_v without_o the_o use_n of_o the_o spherical_a part_n that_o latter_a we_o will_v more_o spare_o touch_v be_v a_o infinite_a task_n in_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o descend_v to_o all_o particular_n which_o come_v in_o our_o way_n yet_o shall_v we_o not_o altogether_o omit_v or_o neglect_v such_o circumstance_n in_o their_o due_a place_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o we_o can_v leave_v the_o rest_n to_o such_o topographer_n who_o spend_v their_o stock_n in_o the_o description_n of_o some_o particular_a place_n or_o region_n whereof_o this_o our_o age_n have_v produce_v many_o deserve_a high_a commendation_n this_o science_n be_v ancient_o adorn_v by_o homer_n anâ—â—imander_n milesius_n haecataeus_fw-la democritus_n eudoxius_n dicaearchus_n euphorus_n as_o we_o find_v in_o straboes_n first_o book_n to_o which_o afterward_o succeed_v eratosthenes_n polybius_n possidonius_fw-la and_o diverse_a other_o which_o part_n require_v little_a or_o small_a knowledge_n in_o the_o science_n mathematical_a but_o challenge_v more_o affinity_n with_o the_o physical_a and_o political_a part_n of_o philosophy_n and_o therefore_o be_v more_o subject_n to_o popular_a understanding_n then_o the_o former_a and_o may_v without_o it_o afford_v some_o profit_n to_o the_o reader_n 3_o the_o topical_a part_n be_v either_o general_a or_o special_a the_o general_n be_v that_o which_o handle_v the_o general_a adjunct_n of_o a_o place_n 4_o a_o place_n be_v a_o superficial_a space_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n fit_v for_o habitation_n to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o place_n as_o it_o be_v here_o topographical_o take_v there_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o concurrence_n of_o two_o thing_n which_o we_o may_v call_v matter_n and_o form_n the_o matter_n be_v the_o space_n contain_v or_o superficial_a platform_n of_o the_o earth_n whereon_o we_o dwell_v the_o form_n be_v the_o capability_n or_o aptness_n of_o it_o for_o habitation_n both_o which_o concur_v together_o be_v conceive_v to_o make_v a_o place_n such_o as_o we_o here_o topographical_o understand_v for_o here_o we_o understand_v not_o a_o place_n physical_o for_o the_o receptacle_n of_o a_o natural_a body_n in_o which_o sense_n the_o heaven_n and_o all_o the_o element_n be_v say_v to_o have_v their_o natural_a place_n neither_o yet_o geometrical_o for_o a_o plain_a whereon_o a_o line_n or_o figure_n may_v be_v draw_v but_o topographical_o for_o the_o upper_a face_n of_o the_o earth_n whereon_o people_n or_o other_o live_a creature_n may_v inhabit_v this_o place_n as_o appear_v by_o reason_n and_o holy_a scripture_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o habitation_n for_o whereas_o in_o the_o first_o mass_n the_o earth_n be_v invelope_v with_o water_n on_o every_o side_n afford_v no_o place_n for_o dwell_v almighty_a god_n be_v say_v afterward_o to_o have_v separate_v and_o part_v the_o water_n from_o the_o dry_a land_n make_v the_o one_o a_o receptacle_n for_o fish_n and_o such_o creature_n of_o the_o deep_a the_o other_o for_o a_o dwell_a place_n for_o mankind_n and_o such_o creature_n as_o breath_n upon_o the_o land_n yet_o have_v he_o so_o provide_v in_o his_o divine_a wisdom_n that_o neither_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o land_n can_v well_o want_v the_o sea_n nor_o the_o live_a creature_n in_o the_o sea_n want_v the_o land_n the_o one_o appear_v in_o that_o we_o be_v enforce_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o only_o for_o â—ood_a and_o nourishment_n whereof_o a_o great_a part_n consist_v of_o fish_n but_o also_o for_o our_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o foreign_a nation_n which_o be_v better_o effect_v by_o sea_n then_o land-voyage_n the_o latter_a be_v as_o easy_o show_v in_o that_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n derive_v not_o only_o their_o composition_n but_o also_o their_o proper_a nourishment_n from_o the_o land_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o speak_v hereafter_o now_o we_o be_v moreover_o to_o consider_v that_o a_o place_n may_v be_v take_v in_o a_o double_a sense_n first_o more_o large_o for_o any_o place_n wherein_o a_o creature_n may_v live_v for_o long_a or_o short_a time_n second_o more_o strict_o for_o such_o a_o space_n of_o earth_n whereon_o mankind_n may_v convenient_o reside_v or_o dwell_v the_o former_a comprehend_v not_o only_o the_o land_n but_o also_o the_o water_n for_o experience_n show_v that_o man_n in_o ship_n may_v for_o a_o time_n reside_v and_o dwell_v on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n but_o the_o latter_a betoken_v a_o continuance_n of_o habitation_n be_v only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o land_n which_o sense_n howbeit_o it_o be_v more_o consonant_n to_o the_o common_a use_n of_o speech_n yet_o for_o method_n sake_n we_o be_v enforce_v to_o use_v the_o former_a understand_v by_o habitation_n not_o only_o a_o place_n of_o convenient_a residence_n but_o any_o other_o whereon_o a_o creature_n for_o a_o time_n may_v breathe_v and_o live_v 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v everywhere_o habitable_a it_o be_v a_o ancient_a opinion_n as_o we_o have_v former_o touch_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o everywhere_o habitable_a namely_o in_o the_o intemperate_a zone_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n
perpendicular_a line_n be_v altogether_o insensible_a for_o if_o two_o perpendicular_a or_o heavy_a point_n move_v in_o a_o line_n shall_v be_v distant_a one_o from_o the_o other_o the_o space_n of_o 10_o a_o 100_o or_o more_o foot_n because_o this_o distance_n be_v very_o little_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o angle_n of_o concourse_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o little_a and_o by_o consequence_n those_o two_o ray_n or_o line_n measure_v the_o descent_n of_o two_o heavy_a body_n will_v seem_v altogether_o equidistant_a yet_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o concurrence_n nature_n and_o reason_n will_v easy_o consent_v hence_o we_o may_v detect_v a_o popular_a error_n believe_v of_o the_o vulgar_a that_o the_o wall_n of_o house_n stand_v upright_o be_v parallel_v and_o of_o equal_a distance_n when_o contrariwise_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o such_o wall_n be_v erect_v by_o a_o perpendicular_a and_o measure_v by_o perpendicular_a line_n which_o be_v draw_v out_o in_o length_n will_v meet_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o like_a may_v we_o pronounce_v of_o a_o deep_a well_o who_o side_n or_o wall_n be_v erect_v perpendicular_o and_o therefore_o shall_v it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o centre_n it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o side_n grow_v near_o and_o near_o as_o they_o approach_v the_o centre_n will_v in_o the_o end_n close_o or_o shut_v up_o into_o a_o pyramid_n who_o base_a shall_v be_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o likewise_o if_o a_o tower_n shall_v be_v erect_v to_o the_o heaven_n it_o will_v be_v strange_a to_o imagine_v how_o great_a and_o broad_a the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o will_v be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o bottom_n hence_o again_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o any_o pavement_n level_v by_o a_o perpendicular_a be_v not_o a_o absolute_a plain_n but_o rather_o the_o portion_n or_o arch_n of_o a_o spherical_a superficies_n who_o centre_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n but_o this_o roundness_n in_o a_o small_a distance_n be_v no_o way_n sensible_a but_o in_o a_o great_a pavement_n of_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o pace_n level_v perpendicular_o it_o will_v make_v some_o show_n of_o roundness_n whence_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o a_o extraordinary_a great_a pavement_n measure_v over_o by_o a_o right_a line_n can_v be_v call_v level_a or_o equal_o poize_v forasmuch_o as_o it_o be_v not_o every_o where_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earthly_a globe_n 2_o two_o heavy_a body_n of_o the_o same_o figure_n and_o matter_n whether_o equal_a or_o unequal_a will_v in_o equal_a time_n move_v a_o equal_a space_n this_o proposition_n be_v invent_v by_o one_o johannes_n baptist_n de_fw-fr benedictis_n be_v cite_v and_o confirm_v by_o john_n dee_n in_o his_o mathematical_a preface_n to_o bill_v slie_n geometry_n which_o correct_v a_o common_a error_n of_o those_o man_n which_o suppose_v the_o light_a body_n general_o not_o to_o move_v so_o fast_o downward_o to_o the_o centre_n as_o the_o heavy_a the_o demonstration_n of_o this_o theorem_a be_v draw_v from_o many_o staticall_a principle_n which_o we_o can_v here_o convenient_o insert_v we_o be_v enforce_v to_o omit_v as_o intend_v not_o the_o search_n of_o these_o matter_n any_o far_a than_o they_o direct_v unto_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geographie_n yet_o be_v it_o no_o hard_a matter_n to_o give_v â—_o more_o popular_a expression_n of_o this_o reason_n out_o of_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o this_o weight_n of_o the_o heavy_a body_n and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la because_o the_o great_a body_n as_o it_o be_v carry_v downward_o by_o a_o great_a force_n and_o violence_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o meet_v a_o great_a impediment_n be_v not_o able_a so_o soon_o to_o divide_v the_o air_n as_o the_o lesser_a likewise_o the_o lesser_a body_n fall_v with_o less_o force_n yet_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o divide_v it_o then_o the_o other_o whence_o both_o set_v the_o one_o against_o the_o other_o there_o will_v be_v no_o disparity_n in_o the_o time_n and_o motion_n 12_o of_o the_o primary_n conformity_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a body_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n we_o have_v treat_v it_o now_o seem_v needful_a that_o we_o descend_v to_o the_o secondary_a which_o be_v the_o inclination_n of_o all_o the_o part_n to_o make_v a_o round_a sphere_n or_o globe_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a this_o proposition_n be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o one_o of_o the_o chiefâ—â—â—_n ground_n in_o geographie_n the_o ground_n of_o the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o right_a motion_n of_o heavy_a body_n to_o the_o centre_n for_o this_o right_a motion_n as_o we_o have_v show_v do_v express_v one_o beam_n of_o the_o circle_n by_o who_o circumvolution_n be_v produce_v the_o circumference_n of_o iâ—_n which_o we_o call_v secundary_a conformity_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o so_o much_o as_o it_o grow_v mathematical_o as_o it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o first_o for_o this_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n sundry_a sound_a reason_n be_v urge_v by_o geographer_n first_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o according_a to_o its_o latitude_n that_o be_v from_o north_n to_o south_n second_o according_a to_o its_o longitude_n that_o be_v from_o east_n to_o west_n and_o therefore_o must_v it_o needs_o be_v absolute_o spherical_a the_o first_o part_n be_v show_v that_o it_o be_v round_o from_o nâ—rth_n to_o south_n for_o if_o a_o man_n travel_n from_o north_n to_o south_n or_o contrariwise_o from_o south_n to_o north_n he_o shall_v perceive_v nâ—w_a star_n in_o the_o heaven_n to_o appear_v and_o show_v themselves_o which_o before_o hâ—e_v can_v not_o see_v which_o can_v be_v refer_v to_o no_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o spherical_a convexity_n or_o swell_v of_o the_o earth_n as_o for_o example_n the_o star_n which_o be_v call_v canopus_n which_o be_v a_o notable_a star_n in_o the_o ship_n appear_v not_o at_o rhodes_n or_o at_o least_o from_o high_a place_n but_o if_o you_o travel_v forth_o southward_o from_o italy_n into_o egypt_n to_o alexandria_n the_o same_o star_n proclus_n observe_v will_v manifest_v itself_o to_o your_o sight_n the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o sign_n above_o the_o horizon_n sphaer_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v draw_v a_o sound_a proof_n that_o there_o be_v a_o spherical_a and_o gibbous_a convexitie_n which_o interpose_v itself_o betwixt_o rhodes_n and_o egypt_n in_o which_o place_n the_o people_n who_o inhabit_v that_o part_n of_o egypt_n which_o border_n upon_o arabia_n which_o be_v call_v trogloâ—ites_n of_o their_o dwell_n in_o cave_n can_v see_v any_o star_n of_o the_o great_a bear_n whence_o we_o may_v concluâ—e_v that_o the_o earth_n from_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a for_o if_o otherwise_o the_o earth_n be_v plain_a all_o the_o northern_a star_n will_v appear_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o southern_a region_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o the_o other_o southern_a constellation_n will_v be_v see_v of_o the_o northern_a inhabitant_n which_o sense_n and_o reason_n altogether_o contradict_v second_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v round_o according_a to_o its_o longitude_n betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o two_o reason_n the_o first_o be_v take_v from_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o other_o star_n for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o they_o do_v not_o arise_v or_o set_v with_o all_o nation_n at_o the_o same_o hour_n for_o with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o east_n the_o sunrising_n be_v soon_o with_o the_o western_a inhabitant_n late_a and_o that_o in_o such_o proportion_n that_o every_o 15_o degree_n measure_v out_o by_o the_o sun_n diurnal_a motion_n add_v or_o subtract_v one_o whole_a hour_n in_o the_o length_n of_o the_o day_n this_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n and_o testimony_n of_o cosmographer_n that_o the_o sun_n rise_v with_o the_o persian_a inhabit_v towards_o the_o east_n four_o hour_n soon_o than_o to_o the_o spaniard_n in_o the_o west_n sundry_a other_o the_o like_a example_n may_v be_v allege_v all_o which_o we_o must_v needs_o impute_v to_o the_o spherical_a roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n proportional_o increase_v betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n the_o other_o reason_n to_o confirm_v this_o last_o point_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n which_o will_v not_o appear_v in_o diverse_a place_n at_o diverse_a hour_n if_o the_o earth_n be_v plain_a or_o square_a we_o see_v plain_o that_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n appear_v soon_o to_o the_o western_a people_n but_o late_a to_o the_o eastern_a as_o according_a to_o ptolemy_n in_o arbela_n a_o town_n of_o assyria_n where_o alexander_n overcome_v darius_n the_o last_o king_n of_o
the_o persian_n be_v there_o observe_v a_o eclipse_n at_o the_o five_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n 4._o which_o selfsame_o eclipse_n be_v see_v in_o carthage_n at_o the_o second_o which_o to_o any_o man_n appear_v plain_o in_o this_o figure_n here_o insert_v in_o like_a manner_n a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o campania_n which_o be_v observe_v betwixt_o 8_o and_o 9_o be_v as_o pliny_n report_v see_v in_o armenia_n betwixt_o 10_o and_o 11_o of_o the_o clock_n 72._o whence_o may_v be_v gather_v that_o this_o difference_n of_o appearance_n arise_v from_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n interpose_v itself_o betwixt_o these_o two_o place_n another_o reason_n to_o prove_v the_o spericall_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v draw_v from_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n wherein_o the_o obscure_a point_n be_v describe_v by_o a_o spherical_a figure_n which_o must_v needs_o argue_v that_o the_o body_n which_o cause_v the_o shadow_n be_v also_o round_o for_o as_o the_o opticke_n teach_v we_o the_o shadow_n be_v wont_a to_o follow_v and_o imitate_v the_o opacous_a body_n whence_o it_o proceed_v and_o all_o man_n confess_v that_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v make_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n betwixt_o the_o sun_n &_o moon_n intercept_n the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o shall_v illustrate_v &_o lighten_v the_o moon_n the_o three_o reason_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o absurdity_n which_o will_v follow_v shall_v we_o admit_v any_o other_o figure_n beside_o for_o grant_v it_o to_o be_v plain_a as_o some_o of_o the_o platonist_n have_v imagine_v it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v in_o reason_n 1_o that_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n will_v be_v the_o same_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n 2_o that_o there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o face_n and_o appearance_n of_o the_o heaven_n in_o all_o place_n 3_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n with_o other_o star_n will_v in_o all_o place_n arise_v alike_o at_o the_o same_o hour_n 4_o that_o all_o eclipse_n will_v appear_v to_o all_o place_n at_o the_o same_o hour_n 5_o that_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o day_n &_o night_n will_v be_v at_o all_o place_n 6_o that_o the_o shadow_n will_v be_v every_o where_o alike_o and_o one_o region_n will_v not_o be_v hot_a or_o cold_a than_o another_o all_o which_o will_v plain_o stand_v opposite_a to_o reason_n and_o experience_n as_o many_o or_o more_o will_v prove_v the_o absurdity_n of_o those_o that_o ascribe_v to_o the_o earth_n any_o other_o figure_n then_o spherical_a which_o i_o willing_o pass_v over_o as_o not_o will_v to_o fight_v with_o shadow_n and_o feign_v a_o opposition_n where_o i_o scarce_o find_v a_o adversary_n these_o reason_n be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v spherical_a diverse_a other_o popular_a argument_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o final_a cause_n to_o countenance_v this_o assertion_n for_o no_o other_o figure_n can_v be_v assign_v to_o the_o earth_n which_o can_v more_o uphold_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n or_o speak_v the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o omnipotent_a creator_n 1_o because_o such_o a_o figure_n will_v best_o beseem_v the_o earth_n the_o seat_n and_o dwelling-place_n of_o all_o live_a creature_n which_o be_v most_o capable_a because_o otherwise_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n will_v seem_v to_o do_v something_o in_o vain_a and_o without_o cause_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o same_o capacity_n may_v be_v confine_v within_o strict_a bound_n now_o it_o be_v apparent_a to_o all_o mathematician_n that_o among_o all_o those_o figure_n which_o they_o call_v isoperâ—â—etrall_a a_o circle_n be_v the_o most_o capable_a and_o among_o the_o rest_n those_o which_o approach_v near_a unto_o a_o circle_n and_o as_o we_o esteem_v of_o a_o circle_n describe_v in_o a_o plain_a surface_n so_o must_v we_o judge_v in_o solide_n of_o a_o sphere_n which_o profitable_a geometry_n of_o nature_n we_o shall_v find_v instill_v into_o most_o 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and_o hill_n otherwhere_a it_o seem_v indent_v and_o as_o it_o be_v trench_v into_o valley_n &_o concavity_n all_o which_o seem_v to_o detract_v from_o a_o true_a spherical_a superficies_n because_o in_o such_o a_o one_o every_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o centre_n to_o it_o shall_v be_v equal_a one_o to_o the_o other_o indeed_o that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o absolute_o and_o geometrical_o round_a as_o a_o artificial_a sphere_n be_v confess_v by_o eratosthenes_n cite_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o 1_o book_n of_o geographie_n whence_o pliny_n in_o his_o â—_o book_n cap._n 21._o say_v 1._o that_o the_o earth_n &_o water_n make_v one_o globe_n not_o so_o absolute_o round_a as_o the_o heaven_n but_o much_o different_a 〈◊〉_d also_o strabo_n confirm_v this_o proposition_n depend_v on_o these_o 3_o reason_n which_o follow_v will_v show_v that_o this_o inequality_n how_o great_a soever_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o sight_n be_v altogether_o insensible_a and_o bear_v no_o proportion_n with_o the_o huge_a vastness_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n the_o first_o be_v take_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a height_n of_o the_o great_a and_o high_a mountain_n which_o be_v seldom_o or_o never_o find_v to_o exceed_v 10_o mile_n although_o few_o mathematician_n will_v grant_v so_o much_o whereas_o the_o whole_a diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n contain_v no_o less_o thâ—n_n 7200_o english_a mile_n so_o that_o these_o hill_n compare_v to_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v but_o â—s_v 10_o to_o 7200_o which_o indeed_o have_v no_o sensible_a proportion_n the_o second_o be_v take_v from_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o shadow_n of_o the_o interpose_a earth_n be_v describe_v by_o a_o spherical_a figure_n without_o any_o unequal_a or_o rugged_a part_n which_o no_o doubt_n will_v appear_v if_o these_o part_n challenge_v any_o due_a proportion_n or_o sensible_a quantity_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n three_o some_o have_v illustrate_v this_o by_o a_o round_a bowl_n or_o ball_n who_o external_a surface_n although_o unequal_a and_o indent_v here_o &_o there_o with_o scotch_n otherwhere_a swell_a with_o knob_n will_v notwithstanding_o be_v interpose_v betwixt_o the_o sunbeam_n and_o a_o wall_n or_o such_o place_n give_v a_o round_a or_o spherical_a shadow_n in_o the_o same_o wall_n or_o plain_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o little_a quantity_n of_o these_o small_a part_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n in_o like_a sort_n must_v we_o imagine_v the_o mountain_n and_o unequal_a part_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v no_o otherwise_o then_o as_o so_o many_o wart_n or_o pimple_n in_o the_o face_n of_o man_n which_o can_v alter_v his_o duâ—_n proportion_n or_o symmetry_n of_o the_o part_n 3_o the_o water_n concur_v with_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o globe_n be_v also_o spherical_a it_o be_v a_o proposition_n agree_v on_o by_o archimedes_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o ancient_a mathematician_n of_o any_o note_n that_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n or_o any_o other_o liquor_n stand_v and_o subsist_v quiet_o of_o it_o self_n be_v spherical_a who_o centre_n will_v be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n which_o we_o be_v here_o to_o handle_v because_o it_o appertain_v to_o the_o make_v up_o of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n although_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n hereafter_o to_o speak_v special_o concern_v the_o water_n in_o hydrographie_n in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o treatise_n the_o reason_n to_o confirm_v this_o assertion_n beside_o those_o that_o in_o general_n prove_v the_o sphericity_n of_o the_o terrene_a globe_n be_v diverse_a 1_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o passenger_n in_o a_o ship_n launch_v out_o into_o the_o deep_a from_o some_o haven_n will_v first_o perceive_v the_o tower_n building_n castle_n promontory_n and_o tree_n stand_v
the_o motive_n be_v that_o by_o which_o all_o magnetical_a body_n be_v incline_v and_o stir_v up_o to_o the_o motion_n in_o the_o reasonable_a soul_n of_o a_o man_n we_o have_v two_o faculty_n which_o show_v themselves_o a_o motive_n and_o a_o directive_a or_o disponent_fw-la power_n whereof_o the_o one_o stir_n up_o the_o motion_n the_o other_o regulate_v conform_v and_o direct_v it_o the_o former_a be_v the_o will_n the_o late_a the_o discourse_n and_o judgement_n this_o distinction_n of_o faculty_n howsoever_o more_o evident_a in_o the_o soul_n find_v place_n in_o all_o natural_a agent_n in_o which_o a_o philosopher_n ought_v to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o that_o which_o give_v they_o a_o power_n to_o move_v and_o that_o which_o limit_n determine_v and_o as_o the_o schoolman_n be_v wont_a to_o speak_v modificate_v the_o action_n among_o other_o the_o magnet-stone_n seem_v most_o to_o partake_v of_o these_o two_o power_n as_o that_o which_o among_o all_o natural_a agent_n in_o gilbert_n opinion_n seem_v most_o to_o have_v resemblance_n with_o the_o soul_n of_o a_o man_n so_o that_o by_o a_o apt_a trope_n it_o have_v be_v call_v of_o many_o the_o magnetical_a soul_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o hence_o we_o may_v well_o perceive_v one_o virtue_n or_o inclination_n which_o â—â—useth_v the_o magnetical_a needle_n to_o move_v out_o of_o its_o place_n another_o by_o which_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o conform_v itself_o north_n and_o south_n as_o also_o to_o observe_v certain_a angle_n correspondent_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n as_o shall_v be_v demonstrate_v in_o due_a place_n of_o the_o motive_n power_n we_o will_v produce_v these_o theorem_n 1_o the_o magnetical_a motion_n be_v excite_v in_o a_o small_a &_o unperceivable_a difference_n of_o time_n this_o proposition_n may_v be_v show_v out_o of_o evident_a experiment_n wherein_o every_o man_n sight_n may_v be_v a_o witness_n for_o if_o a_o iron-needle_n touch_v with_o the_o loadstone_n be_v place_v within_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n of_o the_o stone_n it_o will_v present_o move_v itself_o notwithstanding_o the_o interposition_n of_o solid_a body_n which_o make_v gilbert_n to_o imagine_v this_o motion_n to_o be_v effect_v by_o a_o mere_a spiritual_a and_o immaterial_a effluxe_n which_o may_v well_o be_v compare_v to_o the_o light_n which_o nevertheless_o it_o surpass_v in_o subtlety_n for_o the_o light_n be_v move_v from_o east_n to_o west_n so_o quick_o that_o many_o have_v think_v this_o motion_n to_o have_v be_v in_o a_o moment_n or_o instant_n of_o time_n but_o this_o quickness_n of_o motion_n may_v much_o more_o be_v imagine_v in_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n be_v of_o a_o more_o subtle_a and_o pierce_a nature_n as_o may_v be_v gather_v from_o this_o reason_n to_o wit_n that_o the_o light_n be_v always_o hinder_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o a_o thick_a and_o opacous_a body_n but_o the_o virtue_n magnetical_a find_v a_o passage_n through_o all_o solid_a body_n whatsoever_o and_o meet_v with_o no_o impediment_n 2_o this_o motive_n quality_n be_v spherical_o spread_v through_o every_o part_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n here_o again_o may_v we_o find_v a_o great_a resemblance_n betwixt_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n and_o the_o light_n for_o as_o all_o light_a body_n as_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o star_n cast_v their_o beam_n every_o way_n into_o a_o orbicular_a form_n so_o this_o magnetical_a vigour_n cast_v itself_o abroad_o not_o only_o from_o the_o centre_n towards_o the_o superficies_n but_o from_o the_o superficies_n outward_a into_o the_o air_n or_o water_n where_o this_o magnetical_a body_n be_v place_v and_o so_o make_v up_o a_o sphere_n but_o yet_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o if_o the_o body_n be_v mere_a and_o perfect_o spherical_a the_o orb_n of_o the_o magnetical_a virtue_n will_v end_v in_o a_o perfect_a sphere_n as_o we_o see_v the_o magnet_n g_z to_o confine_v his_o virtue_n within_o the_o circle_n bf_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o square_a or_o any_o other_o figure_n not_o spherical_a it_o imitate_v a_o sphere_n as_o near_o as_o the_o body_n will_v suffer_v in_o that_o it_o spread_v itself_o everywhere_a from_o the_o centre_n by_o right_a line_n yet_o will_v it_o be_v confine_v in_o a_o square_a figure_n correspondent_a to_o the_o body_n whence_o it_o proceed_v as_o we_o see_v the_o virtue_n of_o the_o square_a magnet_n a_o to_o cast_v his_o beam_n into_o the_o square_a figure_n ld_n 3_o the_o motive_n quality_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v strong_a of_o all_o in_o the_o pole_n in_o other_o part_n by_o so_o much_o the_o strong_a by_o how_o much_o these_o part_n be_v situate_v near_o the_o pole_n we_o suppose_v out_o of_o the_o principle_n of_o magnetical_a philosophy_n that_o a_o magnet_n have_v two_o pole_n who_o use_n we_o shall_v show_v hereafter_o these_o pole_n be_v find_v by_o experiment_n to_o have_v more_o force_n and_o vigour_n in_o they_o then_o other_o part_n and_o all_o other_o part_n to_o enjoy_v more_o or_o less_o force_n by_o how_o much_o near_o or_o far_o off_o they_o be_v situate_v to_o their_o pole_n the_o reason_n be_v ascribe_v by_o these_o writer_n to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o magnetical_a vigour_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o load_n stone_n as_o shall_v appear_v by_o this_o figure_n follow_v in_o gilbert_n express_v the_o great_a magnetical_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n let_v the_o spherical_a superficies_n of_o it_o be_v hqe_a the_o pole_n e_o the_o centre_n m_o hq_n the_o plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a from_o every_o point_n of_o this_o equinoctial_a plain_n the_o vigour_n magnetical_a be_v convey_v and_o extend_v to_o cfne_v and_o to_o every_o point_n from_o c_o to_o e_z the_o pole_n but_o not_o towards_o the_o point_n b_o so_o neither_o from_o g_z towards_z c._n the_o vigour_n be_v not_o strengthen_v in_o the_o part_n fhg_v from_o that_o which_o be_v gmfe_n but_o fgh_n do_v increase_v the_o virtue_n in_o h_n so_o that_o there_o can_v arise_v no_o vigour_n so_o far_o from_o the_o parallel_n to_o the_o axel_n tree_n above_o the_o say_a parallel_n but_o internal_o from_o the_o parallel_n to_o the_o pole_n so_o we_o see_v that_o from_o every_o point_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a plain_n the_o force_n be_v derive_v to_o the_o pole_n e._n but_o the_o point_n f_o have_v only_o the_o vigour_n from_o gh_a and_o the_o point_n n_o from_o oh_o but_o the_o pole_n e_z be_v corroborate_v and_o strengthen_v from_o the_o whole_a plain_a of_o the_o equinoctial_a hq_n wherefore_o the_o vigour_n magnetical_a in_o this_o pole_n be_v most_o eminent_a and_o remarkable_a but_o in_o the_o middle_a space_n as_o for_o example_n in_o f_o the_o magnetical_a quality_n be_v so_o far_o strengthen_v as_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a plain_a h_n can_v give_v but_o dr_n ridley_n in_o his_o late_a magnetical_a treatise_n in_o the_o 6._o chapt._n seem_v to_o oppose_v this_o demonstration_n for_o although_o he_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o vigour_n 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small_a satisfaction_n to_o discourse_v of_o all_o change_n according_a to_o all_o time_n be_v a_o matter_n infinite_a we_o may_v refer_v all_o to_o two_o head_n to_o wit_n the_o change_n of_o name_n and_o the_o change_n of_o nature_n concern_v the_o former_a that_o most_o country_n have_v change_v their_o first_o and_o original_a name_n be_v most_o evident_a to_o such_o as_o consult_v the_o map_n and_o write_n of_o our_o common_a geographer_n for_o few_o or_o none_o will_v discover_v unto_o we_o any_o region_n by_o that_o name_n by_o which_o it_o be_v know_v in_o former_a time_n in_o so_o much_o as_o great_a controversy_n and_o dispute_n have_v grow_v about_o diverse_a country_n mention_v by_o ancient_a writer_n whereof_o the_o name_n shall_v take_v its_o first_o original_a but_o of_o this_o change_n we_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o but_o if_o we_o
next_o winter_n whence_o come_v a_o new_a supply_n of_o more_o rain_n these_o river_n say_v they_o in_o the_o summer_n decrease_v and_o sometime_o be_v dry_a because_o of_o the_o defect_n of_o wâ—ter_n when_o the_o place_n be_v not_o great_a enough_o to_o receive_v sufficient_a water_n for_o the_o whole_a year_n this_o opinion_n seem_v ground_v on_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n that_o river_n and_o fountain_n be_v great_a and_o large_a in_o summer_n then_o in_o winter_n second_o because_o where_o there_o be_v less_o rain_n few_o or_o no_o river_n be_v see_v as_o in_o the_o desert_n of_o ethiopia_n and_o africa_n few_o or_o no_o river_n be_v find_v but_o in_o germany_n france_n britain_n and_o italy_n many_o river_n show_v themselves_o because_o they_o abound_v in_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n and_o much_o fall_n of_o rain_n three_o among_o we_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o a_o hot_a and_o dry_a summer_n they_o be_v much_o decrease_v from_o their_o ordinary_a greatness_n or_o altogether_o dry_v up_o which_o be_v a_o great_a probability_n that_o their_o original_n be_v from_o rain_n this_o opinion_n if_o it_o be_v only_o understand_v of_o some_o river_n may_v be_v probable_a because_o some_o current_n out_o of_o doubt_n take_v their_o original_n from_o great_a shower_n or_o snow_n as_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o other_o such_o place_n where_o the_o snow_n daily_o melt_v and_o feed_v they_o but_o if_o it_o be_v general_o understand_v of_o all_o river_n it_o be_v manifest_o false_a as_o may_v appear_v by_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o the_o earth_n no_o where_o drink_v up_o the_o rain_n far_o than_o ten_o foot_n deep_a in_o the_o soil_n for_o the_o high_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v either_o dry_a and_o so_o easy_o drink_v up_o and_o consume_v the_o water_n within_o that_o space_n or_o else_o be_v already_o moist_a it_o receive_v it_o not_o at_o all_o but_o expel_v it_o by_o river_n and_o channel_n second_o some_o mountain_n not_o cover_v with_o earth_n but_o consist_v of_o hard_a rock_n notwithstanding_o send_v forth_o great_a store_n of_o spring_n and_o fountain_n which_o water_n can_v not_o be_v receive_v in_o through_o a_o hard_a rocky_a substance_n three_o because_o in_o very_o dry_a place_n certain_a pit_n be_v dig_v down_o into_o the_o ground_n 2_o hundred_o or_o three_o hundred_o foot_n deep_a will_v discover_v many_o great_a stream_n of_o water_n which_o can_v not_o be_v from_o the_o receit_n of_o rain_n four_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o so_o much_o rain_n can_v in_o a_o winter_n fall_v into_o one_o place_n beside_o that_o which_o the_o drought_n of_o the_o earth_n consume_v to_o nourish_v so_o mighty_a and_o great_a river_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o be_v river_n run_v in_o a_o perpetual_a course_n five_o all_o river_n almost_o take_v their_o original_n from_o some_o mountain_n or_o other_o as_o danubius_n from_o the_o alps_n and_o nilus_n from_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o africa_n which_o place_n be_v extraordinary_a high_a be_v more_o unapt_a to_o receive_v water_n than_o low_a place_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o reason_n that_o they_o allege_v for_o their_o opinion_n it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o answer_v that_o river_n shall_v be_v great_a in_o winter_n thâ—_n in_o the_o summer_n the_o cause_n may_v be_v better_o give_v because_o more_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n fall_v into_o the_o brink_n from_o external_a râ—ine_n or_o snow_n in_o winter_n then_o in_o summer_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v moist_a be_v able_a to_o drink_v less_o then_o at_o other_o time_n which_o be_v also_o the_o reason_n why_o in_o hot_a and_o dry_a country_n there_o be_v not_o such_o plenty_n of_o rivers_n for_o we_o deny_v not_o but_o fountain_n may_v sometime_o be_v increase_v and_o sometime_o diminish_v by_o addition_n of_o rainwater_n but_o that_o any_o such_o vast_a concavity_n shall_v be_v under_o ground_n as_o the_o receptacle_n of_o so_o much_o rain_n and_o shall_v nourish_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a current_n the_o second_o opinion_n be_v of_o those_o who_o think_v that_o the_o original_n of_o all_o river_n and_o fountain_n be_v from_o the_o sea_n which_o conceit_n have_v be_v strong_o fortify_v by_o many_o father_n of_o the_o church_n and_o grave_a divine_n of_o late_a time_n which_o opinion_n be_v chief_o ground_v upon_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o it_o seem_v a_o most_o incredible_a matter_n that_o so_o much_o vaporous_a matter_n shall_v be_v engender_v under_o the_o earth_n to_o feed_v such_o a_o perpetual_a course_n of_o water_n second_o if_o all_o river_n shall_v not_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o sea_n no_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v why_o so_o many_o river_n daily_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n the_o sea_n shall_v not_o increase_v but_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o quantity_n three_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o urge_v the_o place_n of_o eccles._n 1_o all_o river_n run_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o yet_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o full_a to_o the_o place_n whence_o they_o come_v they_o return_v that_o they_o may_v flow_v again_o but_o this_o opinion_n seem_v to_o be_v shake_v with_o a_o great_a difficulty_n for_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o conceive_v how_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o nature_n heavy_a &_o low_a than_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o we_o have_v demonstrate_v shall_v ascend_v into_o high_a mountain_n out_o of_o which_o we_o find_v spring_n of_o water_n oftentimes_o to_o arise_v for_o either_o it_o must_v ascend_v natural_o or_o by_o violence_n not_o natural_o for_o the_o foresay_a cause_n because_o it_o be_v a_o heavy_a body_n if_o violent_o they_o must_v assign_v some_o external_a agent_n which_o enforce_v it_o to_o this_o violence_n this_o difficulty_n diverse_a author_n have_v labour_v diverse_a way_n to_o salve_v some_o among_o who_o the_o chief_a be_v theodoret_n have_v flee_v to_o a_o supernatural_a cause_n in_o god_n providence_n as_o though_o the_o water_n in_o its_o own_o nature_n heavy_a shall_v be_v notwithstanding_o enforce_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n but_o this_o opinion_n seem_v very_o improbable_a because_o although_o we_o can_v deny_v god_n miraculous_a and_o extraordinary_a work_n in_o some_o thing_n yet_o all_o man_n have_v suppose_v this_o to_o be_v confine_v within_o the_o bound_n of_o nature_n and_o very_o strange_a it_o be_v to_o imagine_v that_o almighty_a god_n in_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o nature_n shall_v impose_v a_o perpetual_a violence_n upon_o nature_n other_o as_o basill_n have_v think_v that_o the_o sea-water_n be_v drive_v upward_o towards_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n by_o reason_n of_o certain_a â—_z enclose_v in_o it_o mare_n as_o he_o say_v fluitans_fw-la &_o permeans_fw-la per_fw-la cuniculos_fw-la fistularet_n &_o angustos_fw-la â—ox_fw-la ubi_fw-la obliquis_fw-la aut_fw-la certe_fw-la recta_fw-la in_o sublime_a surrectis_fw-la excursibus_fw-la se_fw-la occupatum_fw-la deprehenderit_fw-la ab_fw-la agitante_fw-la compulsum_fw-la spiritu_fw-la superficie_fw-la terrâ—_n vi_fw-la disrupta_fw-la erumpit_fw-la atque_fw-la for_o as_o emicat_fw-la the_o same_o opinion_n almost_o in_o every_o respect_n be_v ascribe_v to_o plato_n in_o phedone_n and_o pliny_n 2_o book_n .65_o chap._n quo_fw-la inquit_fw-la spiritu_fw-la actu_fw-la &_o terrâ—_n pondere_fw-la expressa_fw-la siphonum_fw-la modo_fw-la eâ—â—cat_fw-la tantâ—que_fw-la a_o periculo_fw-la decidendi_fw-la abest_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o summa_fw-la quoque_fw-la et_fw-la â—â—tissima_fw-la exiliat_fw-la qua_fw-la ratione_fw-la manifestum_fw-la est_fw-la quare_fw-la tot_fw-la fâ—uâ—inum_fw-la quotidiâ—nâ—_n accessu_fw-la maria_fw-la non_fw-la crescant_fw-la but_o this_o exposition_n will_v hardly_o satisfy_v he_o who_o desire_v to_o search_v far_o than_o obscurity_n of_o word_n for_o first_o by_o admit_v spirit_n as_o mover_n of_o the_o water_n they_o seem_v to_o fall_v into_o a_o platonic_a opinion_n before_o examine_v of_o we_o concern_v the_o heat_n of_o the_o sea-water_n second_o i_o will_v demand_v whether_o such_o spirit_n in_o the_o water_n to_o which_o they_o ascribe_v this_o motion_n be_v natural_a agent_n or_o supernatural_a or_o violent_a they_o can_v be_v natural_a agent_n for_o asmuch_o as_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o drive_v and_o enforce_v the_o water_n against_o his_o own_o nature_n for_o by_o nature_n as_o all_o man_n know_v it_o be_v apt_a to_o descend_v whereas_o here_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o ascend_v by_o reason_n of_o such_o spirit_n they_o can_v be_v violent_a agent_n because_o they_o be_v perpetual_a whereas_o no_o violent_a thing_n can_v be_v perpetual_a thomas_n aquinas_n be_v desirous_a to_o show_v how_o much_o fountain_n can_v ascend_v out_o of_o the_o sea-water_n vary_v in_o opinion_n from_o the_o former_a and_o imagine_v that_o the_o fountain_n and_o river-water_n be_v draw_v upward_o through_o the_o force_n of_o celestial_a body_n for_o the_o common_a good_a
of_o river_n for_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o all_o river_n be_v high_a at_o the_o spring_n or_o fountain_n then_o at_o the_o place_n where_o they_o disburden_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n now_o although_o water_n be_v apt_a to_o slide_v away_o at_o any_o inequality_n yet_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o in_o great_a river_n especial_o where_o the_o water_n fall_v oftentimes_o with_o violence_n as_o at_o the_o cataract_n of_o nile_n much_o inequality_n must_v be_v grant_v in_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o ground_n suppose_v yet_o the_o water_n for_o every_o mile_n to_o gain_v two_o foot_n in_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o ground_n we_o shall_v find_v the_o height_n very_o near_o to_o equalise_v the_o height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n although_o 2_o foot_n in_o a_o mile_n be_v far_o less_o than_o can_v be_v imagine_v in_o so_o great_a a_o river_n the_o river_n which_o i_o take_v for_o a_o example_n shall_v be_v nilus_n which_o we_o shall_v observe_v to_o run_v about_o 50_o degree_n from_o south_n to_o north_n which_o resolve_v into_o mile_n will_v make_v 3000_o account_v for_o every_o mile_n 2_o foot_n we_o shall_v have_v 6000_o foot_n which_o will_v be_v near_o these_o 10_o furlong_n be_v a_o mile_n and_o 5_o part_n then_o allow_v for_o these_o mighty_a cataract_n where_o the_o water_n fall_v with_o so_o great_a a_o violence_n we_o must_v reckon_v a_o number_n of_o foot_n far_o great_a than_o this_o measure_n for_o every_o mile_n must_v the_o height_n of_o land_n above_o the_o sea_n be_v much_o more_o than_o of_o the_o mountain_n 4_o mountainous_a region_n be_v common_o cold_a than_o other_o plain_a country_n this_o proposition_n be_v not_o absolute_o to_o be_v understand_v without_o a_o limitation_n for_o some_o plain_a country_n near_o the_o arctic_a pole_n may_v be_v cold_a than_o some_o hilly_a region_n near_o the_o aequatour_n in_o regard_n of_o other_o concurrent_a cause_n but_o here_o we_o speak_v as_o the_o logician_n use_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la compare_v two_o place_n either_o together_o like_a or_o not_o much_o different_a or_o at_o least_o in_o our_o understanding_n abstract_v they_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o all_o other_o consideration_n that_o this_o theorem_a be_v worthy_a credit_n diverse_a reason_n stand_v in_o readiness_n to_o justify_v the_o first_o may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o cause_n of_o heat_n in_o inferior_a body_n which_o be_v the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n now_o that_o this_o reflection_n be_v of_o more_o strength_n and_o validity_n in_o plain_a then_o in_o hilly_a and_o mountainous_a country_n be_v evident_a first_o because_o as_o the_o opticke_n teach_v the_o ray_n be_v more_o join_v and_o combine_v in_o a_o plain_a then_o in_o a_o convex_n superficies_n for_o howsoever_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v of_o itself_o spherical_a yet_o the_o convexity_n be_v not_o sensible_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o vastness_n of_o the_o circle_n whereby_o the_o convexity_n be_v make_v less_o it_o may_v optical_o be_v call_v a_o plain_a superficies_n second_o it_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o opticke_n that_o a_o reflection_n be_v of_o more_o validity_n in_o a_o equal_a then_o in_o a_o uneven_a and_o ragged_a superficies_n such_o as_o be_v find_v in_o mountain_n and_o uneven_a place_n a_o second_o reason_n why_o mountainous_a region_n shall_v exceed_v other_o in_o cold_a may_v be_v the_o vicinity_n of_o they_o to_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o air_n for_o of_o all_o the_o region_n if_o we_o believe_v aristotle_n the_o middle_a be_v the_o cold_a as_o be_v more_o separate_a from_o the_o sun_n the_o fountain_n of_o heat_n and_o the_o high_a region_n far_o off_o from_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n than_o the_o low_a now_o since_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v affect_v with_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n it_o must_v needs_o stand_v with_o reason_n that_o the_o more_o it_o shall_v approach_v to_o the_o middle_a region_n the_o more_o it_o must_v partake_v of_o its_o quality_n three_o that_o this_o be_v consonant_a to_o observation_n reason_n be_v urge_v by_o experience_n of_o all_o traveller_n who_o report_v the_o top_n of_o mountain_n even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n to_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o snow_n although_o situate_v under_o or_o near_o the_o aequinoctial_a circle_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v the_o alps_n in_o italy_n the_o mountain_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o africa_n andâ—_n in_o peru_n and_o tenariffe_n in_o the_o canary_n that_o snow_n shall_v be_v a_o effect_n of_o cold_a i_o need_v nor_o labour_n to_o confirm_v a_o four_o reason_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o other_o effect_n of_o cold_a or_o heat_n for_o it_o be_v daily_o prove_v by_o experience_n that_o such_o disease_n as_o chief_o follow_v heat_n especial_o the_o pestilence_n in_o egypt_n and_o such_o plain_a country_n be_v wonderful_a prevalent_a whereas_o hilly_a and_o rockic_a country_n by_o the_o benefit_n of_o nature_n stand_v in_o little_a fear_n of_o such_o inconvenience_n last_o no_o great_a argument_n can_v be_v draw_v then_o from_o the_o disposition_n of_o such_o man_n as_o inhabit_v such_o hilly_a region_n who_o have_v all_o the_o symptom_n of_o external_a cold_a and_o internal_a heat_n insomuch_o as_o â—odin_fw-mi seem_v to_o make_v a_o harmony_n and_o â—oâ—cent_n betwixt_o the_o northern_a man_n and_o the_o mountanist_a 〈…〉_z southern_a man_n &_o such_o as_o inhabit_v plain_a country_n ascribe_v to_o the_o former_a external_a cold_a and_o internal_a heat_n to_o the_o latter_a external_a heat_n and_o internal_a cold_a how_o far_o this_o comparison_n will_v hold_v we_o shall_v have_v more_o occasion_n to_o discuss_v here_o after_o when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n â—_o mountain_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o world_n have_v still_o decrease_v in_o their_o quantity_n and_o so_o will_v continual_o decrease_v until_o the_o end_n this_o observation_n blaucanus_fw-la i_o know_v not_o how_o true_o ascribe_v to_o his_o own_o invention_n but_o to_o what_o author_n soever_o we_o owe_v it_o we_o must_v needs_o acknowledge_v a_o pleasant_a speculation_n ground_v on_o good_a reason_n this_o theorem_a to_o demonstrate_v the_o better_a we_o will_v first_o lay_v these_o ground_n oftentimes_o beforementioned_a first_o as_o appear_v by_o testimony_n of_o holy_a scripture_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o beginning_n more_o perfect_o spherical_a overwhelmed_n everywhere_a with_o water_n 2_o that_o a_o separation_n be_v make_v by_o translocation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o some_o place_n admit_v of_o concavity_n become_v the_o receptacle_n of_o the_o water_n other_o place_n whereon_o these_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v heap_v together_o be_v make_v mountainous_a 3._o hence_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o earth_n thus_o swell_v up_o in_o high_a mountain_n be_v out_o of_o his_o natural_a site_n and_o position_n &_o therefore_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v endeavour_n by_o little_a and_o little_a to_o return_v to_o her_o former_a state_n and_o condition_n now_o that_o the_o earth_n have_v sensible_o suffer_v such_o a_o change_n since_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o show_v out_o of_o experiment_n the_o cause_n we_o shall_v find_v to_o be_v the_o water_n aswell_o of_o the_o rain_n as_o rivers_n which_o we_o shall_v demonstrate_v by_o these_o reason_n 1_o we_o see_v river_n by_o little_a and_o little_a continual_o to_o fret_v and_o eat_v out_o the_o foot_n of_o mountain_n whence_o the_o part_n thus_o fret_v through_o by_o continual_a fall_v down_o wear_v out_o the_o mountain_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o low_a place_n in_o the_o valley_n make_v the_o one_o to_o increase_v as_o the_o other_o to_o decrease_v &_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o approach_v near_o to_o a_o spherical_a figure_n then_o before_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v warrant_v by_o a_o place_n in_o job_n 14_o where_o he_o say_v to_o god_n the_o mountain_n fall_v come_v to_o â—ought_n &_o the_o rock_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o his_o place_n the_o water_n wear_v the_o stone_n thou_o wash_v away_o the_o thing_n which_o grow_v out_o of_o the_o dust_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o these_o river_n in_o the_o valley_n continual_o eat_v through_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o foot_n of_o mountain_n be_v cause_v those_o slow_a but_o great_a ruin_n call_v labinae_fw-la a_o lambendo_fw-la by_o which_o sometime_o whole_a town_n and_o village_n have_v be_v cast_v into_o the_o next_o great_a river_n 2_o to_o prove_v that_o rain_n water_n challenge_v a_o part_n in_o this_o diminution_n of_o mountain_n we_o may_v show_v by_o the_o like_a experience_n we_o see_v plain_o that_o rainwater_n daily_o wash_v down_o from_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n some_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o high_a mountain_n
geographie_n delineate_v forth_o in_o two_o book_n contain_v the_o spherical_a and_o topical_a part_n thereof_o by_o nathanael_n carpenter_n fellow_n of_o exeter_n college_n in_o oxford_n the_o second_o edition_n correct_v ecclesiast_n 1._o one_o generation_n come_v and_o another_o go_v but_o the_o earth_n remain_v for_o ever_o oxford_z print_v by_o john_n lichfield_n for_o henry_n cripps_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o henry_n curteyne_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la m._n dc_o xxxv_o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a william_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n lord_n chamberlaine_n to_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n knight_n of_o the_o most_o noble_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n and_o chancellor_n of_o the_o university_n of_o oxford_n right_o honourable_a this_o poor_a infant_n of_o i_o which_o i_o now_o offer_v to_o your_o honourable_a acceptance_n be_v consecrate_v you_o in_o the_o first_o conception_n if_o the_o hasty_a desire_n i_o have_v to_o present_v it_o make_v it_o as_o a_o abortive_a brat_n seem_v unworthy_a my_o first_o wish_n and_o your_o favourable_a patronage_n impute_v it_o i_o beseech_v you_o not_o to_o self-will_a but_o duty_n which_o will_v rather_o show_v herself_o too_o officious_a then_o negligent_a what_o i_o now_o dedicate_v rather_o to_o your_o honour_n than_o my_o own_o ambition_n i_o desire_v no_o far_o to_o be_v account_v i_o than_o your_o generous_a approbation_n wish_v it_o no_o other_o fate_n then_o either_o to_o die_v with_o your_o dislike_n or_o live_v with_o your_o name_n and_o memory_n the_o general_a acclamation_n of_o the_o learned_a of_o this_o age_n acknowledge_v with_o all_o thankful_a duty_n as_o well_o your_o love_n to_o learning_n as_o zeal_n to_o religion_n have_v long_o since_o stamp_v i_o you_o this_o arrogant_a desire_n of_o i_o ground_v more_o on_o your_o heroic_a virtue_n than_o my_o private_a end_n promise_v i_o more_o in_o your_o honourable_a estimation_n than_o some_o other_o in_o your_o greatness_n the_o expression_n of_o myself_o in_o these_o faculty_n beside_o my_o profession_n indebt_v more_o to_o love_n than_o ability_n set_v my_o ambition_n a_o pinch_n high_o than_o my_o nature_n but_o such_o be_v the_o magnificent_a splendour_n of_o your_o countenance_n which_o may_v easy_o lend_v your_o poor_a servant_n so_o much_o light_n as_o to_o lead_v he_o out_o of_o darkness_n and_o as_o the_o sun_n reflect_v on_o the_o base_a earth_n at_o once_o both_o view_n and_o guild_v his_o imperfection_n my_o language_n and_o formality_n i_o owe_v not_o to_o the_o court_n but_o university_n whereof_o i_o can_v but_o expect_v your_o honour_n to_o be_v a_o impartial_a umpire_n be_v a_o most_o vigorous_a member_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o other_o corporation_n if_o these_o fruit_n of_o my_o labour_n purchase_v so_o much_o as_o your_o honour_n least_o approbabation_n i_o shall_v hold_v my_o wish_n even_o accomplish_v in_o their_o end_n and_o desire_v only_a to_o be_v think_v so_o worthy_a in_o your_o honourable_a esteem_n as_o to_o live_v and_o die_v your_o honour_n in_o all_o duty_n and_o service_n to_o be_v command_v nathanael_n carpenter_n the_o analysis_n of_o the_o first_o book_n geography_n who_o object_n be_v the_o whole_a earth_n be_v either_o spherical_a which_o be_v twofold_a either_o primary_n which_o consider_v the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n either_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a wherein_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v two_o thing_n the_o principle_n whereof_o it_o consist_v to_o wit_n matter_n and_o form_n chapter_n 1._o propriety_n arise_v out_o of_o they_o which_o again_o be_v either_o real_a such_o as_o be_v assign_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o which_o be_v either_o elementary_a as_o the_o conformity_n of_o all_o the_o part_n concur_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o sphere_n chapter_n 2._o magnetical_a which_o be_v either_o partial_a as_o the_o coition_n direction_n variation_n declination_n chap._n 3._o totall_n as_o the_o verticity_n and_o revolution_n chap._n 4._o heaven_n wherein_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o site_n stability_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n chap._n 5._o imaginary_a such_o as_o be_v the_o circle_n and_o lineament_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o who_o invention_n and_o expression_n chap._n 6._o artificial_a in_o the_o artificial_a sphere_n represent_v the_o natural_a unto_o we_o which_o be_v either_o common_a or_o magnetical_a chap._n 7._o secondary_a which_o handle_v such_o matter_n in_o the_o sphere_n as_o secondary_o arise_v out_o of_o the_o first_o such_o be_v measure_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o diverse_a manner_n of_o invention_n chap._n 8._o distinction_n which_o be_v either_o space_n consider_v simple_o in_o themselves_o in_o which_o sort_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n chap._n 9_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o suffer_v manifold_a distinction_n chap._n 10._o distance_n which_o be_v either_o simple_a wherein_o be_v consider_v the_o longitude_n &_o latitude_n of_o place_n chap._n 11._o comparative_a wherein_o two_o place_n differ_v either_o in_o longitude_n or_o latitude_n or_o both_o be_v consider_v chap._n 12._o topical_a libro_fw-la 2o._o of_o the_o special_a content_n of_o each_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n according_a to_o the_o several_a theorem_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o matter_n and_o form_n 1_o in_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v more_o earth_n than_o water_n pag._n 8_o 2_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n together_o make_v one_o sphere_n pag._n 10_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o conformity_n of_o part_n in_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o the_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n do_v natural_o conform_v and_o dispose_v themselves_o as_o well_o to_o the_o production_n and_o generation_n as_o to_o the_o continuance_n and_o preservation_n of_o it_o pag._n 14_o 2_o all_o earthly_a body_n incline_v and_o approach_v to_o the_o centre_n as_o near_o as_o they_o can_v 16_o 3_o of_o two_o heavy_a body_n strive_v for_o the_o same_o place_n that_o always_o prevail_v which_o be_v heavy_a 22_o 4_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o earth_n enjoy_v the_o low_a place_n the_o next_o the_o water_n and_o the_o last_o the_o air_n ibid._n 5_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o a_o attractive_a but_o a_o mere_a respective_a point_n 25._o 6_o the_o same_o point_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o magnitude_n and_o weight_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 26_o 7_o every_o point_n or_o centre_n of_o a_o weighty_a body_n be_v move_v towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n by_o a_o right_a line_n 27_o 8_o a_o heavy_a point_n move_v towards_o the_o centre_n will_v move_v fast_o in_o the_o end_n then_o in_o the_o beginning_n 28_o 9_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o magnitude_n towards_o the_o centre_n be_v not_o mere_o natural_a but_o mix_v with_o a_o violent_a motion_n 29_o 10_o the_o line_n wherein_o the_o centre_n of_o two_o heavy_a body_n be_v move_v downeward_o be_v continue_v will_v meet_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n 31_o 11_o two_o heavy_a body_n of_o the_o same_o figure_n and_o matter_n whether_o equal_a or_o unequal_a will_v in_o a_o equal_a time_n move_v in_o a_o equal_a space_n 32_o 12_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v round_o and_o spherical_a 33_o 13_o the_o rugged_a and_o unequal_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n hinder_v not_o the_o spherical_a roundness_n of_o it_o 36_o 14_o the_o water_n concur_v with_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o globe_n be_v also_o spherical_a 38_o chap._n iii_o of_o the_o partial_a magnetical_a affection_n in_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v of_o a_o magnetical_a nature_n and_o disposition_n pag._n 46_o 2_o the_o magnetical_a motion_n be_v excite_v in_o a_o small_a and_o unperceivable_a difference_n of_o time_n 49_o 3_o the_o motive_n quality_n be_v spread_v spherical_o through_o every_o part_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n 49_o 4_o the_o motive_n quality_n of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v strong_a of_o all_o in_o the_o pole_n in_o other_o part_n so_o much_o the_o strong_a by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v situate_v near_o the_o pole_n 50_o 5_o magnetical_a body_n move_v not_o uncertain_o but_o have_v their_o motion_n direct_v and_o conform_v to_o certain_a bound_n 52_o 6_o the_o magnet_n communicate_v his_o virtue_n to_o iron_n or_o steel_n if_o it_o be_v touch_v with_o it_o 55_o 7_o the_o magnetical_a coition_n be_v strong_a of_o all_o in_o the_o pole_n 56_o 8_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o loadstone_n turn_v to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o north_n to_o the_o south_n 57_o 9_o the_o contrary_a motion_n in_o magnet_n be_v the_o just_a confluxe_n and_o conformity_n of_o such_o body_n to_o magnetical_a union_n 59_o 10_o if_o any_o part_n southward_a of_o the_o magnetical_a body_n be_v tear_v away_o or_o diminish_v so_o much_o
shall_v also_o be_v diminish_v of_o the_o north_n part_n 50_o 11_o the_o magnetical_a variation_n have_v no_o certain_a pole_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n 63_o 12_o the_o point_n of_o variation_n as_o of_o direction_n be_v only_o respective_a not_o attractive_a 65_o 13._o the_o variation_n of_o every_o place_n be_v constant_a not_o variable_a 66_o 14_o the_o variation_n be_v great_a in_o place_n near_o the_o pole_n ibid._n 15_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v answerable_a to_o the_o latitude_n not_o in_o equality_n of_o degree_n but_o in_o proportion_n 69_o 16_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n be_v cause_v not_o of_o the_o attractive_a but_o of_o the_o disponent_fw-la and_o conuersive_a virtue_n of_o the_o earth_n 70_o 17_o the_o magnetical_a declination_n have_v a_o variation_n 71_o chap._n iv._o of_o the_o total_a motion_n magnetical_a 1_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o her_o magnetical_a vigour_n be_v most_o firm_o seat_v on_o her_o axle_n who_o end_n or_o pole_n respect_v always_o the_o same_o point_n in_o the_o heaven_n without_o alteration_n 72_o 2_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n have_v a_o circular_a motion_n 76_o chap._n v._o of_o the_o site_n stability_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n 1_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n 99_o 2_o the_o position_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n may_v be_v reconcile_v as_o well_o with_o the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o apparence_n of_o the_o heaven_n 110_o 3_o the_o earth_n be_v firm_o seat_v and_o settle_v in_o her_o proper_a place_n 115_o 4_o the_o earthly_a globe_n compare_v in_o quantity_n with_o the_o firmament_n &_o supreme_a orb_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v no_o sensible_a magnitude_n 118_o 5_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n compare_v with_o the_o inferior_a orb_n have_v a_o sensible_a magnitude_n 121_o chap._n vi_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a spheare·_n 1_o a_o circle_n though_o imaginary_a in_o itself_o have_v his_o ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 123_o 2_o the_o distinction_n of_o a_o circle_n into_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o part_n have_v no_o certain_a ground_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n but_o only_o in_o conveniency_n 124_o 3_o by_o astronomical_a observation_n to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n 127_o 4_o to_o find_v out_o the_o meridian_n magnetical_o 129_o 5_o by_o the_o incision_n of_o a_o tree_n the_o meridian_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 131_o 6_o the_o meridian_n be_v find_v to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 137_o 7_o without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o meridian_n to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n 138_o 8_o to_o find_v out_o the_o equatour_n magnetical_o 138_o 9_o the_o equatour_n be_v a_o unmoveable_a circle_n who_o pole_n never_o vary_v from_o the_o fixt-pole_n of_o the_o earth_n 140_o 10_o how_o to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n in_o a_o lesser_a circle_n answerable_a to_o the_o great_a 147_o 11_o the_o sensible_a and_o rational_a horizon_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v much_o different_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o firmament_n all_o one_o 151_o 12_o the_o sensible_a horizon_n may_v be_v great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o place_n 153_o 13_o the_o eye_n may_v be_v so_o place_v on_o the_o earth_n as_o it_o may_v behold_v the_o whole_a hemisphere_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o yet_o no_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 154_o 14_o from_o the_o horizontall_a circle_n be_v reckon_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n in_o any_o place_n assign_v 155_o 15_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizon_n for_o any_o place_n assign_v 156_o 16_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o horizontall_a plain_a 157_o 17_o the_o distinction_n of_o orison_n ibid._n chap._n vii_o of_o the_o artificial_a representation_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o part_n whereof_o the_o globe_n be_v geographical_o compound_v 163_o 2_o the_o use_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n be_v to_o express_v the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o have_v a_o diverse_a situation_n as_o well_o one_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o heaven_n 166_o 3_o of_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o artificial_a globe_n ibid._n 4_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o artificial_a plain_a chart._n 168_o 5_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o fabric_n of_o the_o geographical_a planispheare_n with_o their_o several_a distinction_n 175_o 6_o of_o the_o magnetical_a terrella_n 182_o chap._n viii_o of_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n 1_o the_o common_a measure_n by_o which_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v know_v be_v mile_n and_o furlong_n 187_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n 188_o 3_o by_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o observation_n of_o a_o eclipse_n or_o some_o know_a star_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v know_v 189_o 4_o by_o observation_n of_o the_o noone-shadowe_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 190_o 5_o the_o opinion_n of_o cosmographer_n concern_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v diverse_a which_o be_v chief_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o their_o error_n in_o observe_v the_o distance_n of_o place_n experimental_o according_a to_o miles_n furlong_n and_o such_o like_a measure_n 192_o 6_o how_o by_o the_o know_a height_n of_o some_o mountain_n the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o 197_o 7_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o plain_a and_o convey_v superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n 198_o 8_o of_o the_o number_n of_o square_a mile_n contain_v in_o the_o earth_n 200_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o zone_n climate_n and_o parallel_n 1_o of_o the_o temperate_a and_o untemperate_a zone_n 204_o 2_o the_o tâ—rride_a zone_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o next_o be_v the_o two_o temperate_a the_o cold_a zone_n be_v the_o least_o of_o all_o 207_o 3_o the_o zone_n wherein_o any_o place_n be_v seat_v may_v be_v know_v either_o by_o the_o globe_n or_o geographical_a table_n or_o else_o by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n 208_o 4_o the_o zone_n and_o climate_n agree_v in_o form_n but_o differ_v in_o greatness_n number_n and_o office_n 211_o 5_o the_o iâ—â—ention_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o be_v not_o all_o of_o the_o same_o greatness_n 212_o 6_o the_o inclination_n of_o the_o climate_n ibid._n 7_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o climate_n 213_o 8_o of_o the_o diversity_n betwixt_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a geographer_n concern_v the_o place_n and_o number_n of_o the_o climate_n 214_o 9_o how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o parallel_n for_o each_o place_n 217_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n 1_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o right_n oblique_a and_o parallel_n sphere_n with_o their_o property_n and_o distinction_n 220_o 2_o of_o the_o amphiâ—cij_n heteroâ—cij_fw-la &_o periscij_fw-la with_o their_o properperty_n 226_o 3_o of_o the_o perioecj_n antoeâ—j_n and_o antipode_n with_o their_o accident_n 228_o 4_o how_o the_o perioecj_n antecj_n and_o antipode_n be_v distinguish_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o celestial_a apparence_n 231_o chap._n xi_o of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1_o place_n enjoy_v the_o same_o longitude_n be_v not_o always_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o contrariwise_o 235_o 2_o the_o difference_n of_o longitude_n beget_v the_o difference_n of_o time_n 235_o 3_o of_o the_o lose_n or_o get_v of_o a_o day_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n in_o a_o voyage_n about_o the_o earthly_a globe_n 236_o 4_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n 240_o 5_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o a_o clock_n watch_n or_o hourglass_n 242_o 6_o by_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o moon_n and_o some_o know_a star_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n 243_o 7_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n motion_n to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n of_o place_n 246_o 8_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o longitude_n by_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 247_o 9_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 10_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o find_v out_o the_o latitude_n 249_o 11_o by_o the_o meridian_n height_n of_o a_o know_a star_n to_o know_v the_o latitude_n 250_o 12_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n on_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 252_o 13_o of_o the_o magnetical_a expression_n of_o the_o latitude_n 252_o chap._n xii_o of_o distance_n of_o place_n compare_v one_o with_o the_o other_o 1_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o distance_n in_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n under_o the_o equatour_n in_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n 254_o 2_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o
the_o distance_n of_o two_o place_n in_o the_o same_o hemisphere_n without_o the_o equatour_n 255_o 3_o of_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n differ_v only_o in_o longitude_n in_o diverse_a hemisphere_n 260_o 4_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o place_n differ_v only_o in_o latitude_n either_o in_o the_o same_o or_o diverse_a kind_n of_o latitude_n 261_o 5_o to_o find_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n differ_v in_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n by_o the_o square_a root_n 262_o 6_o how_o to_o perform_v the_o same_o by_o the_o table_n of_o sign_n tangent_n and_o secant_v 264_o 7_o to_o find_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n by_o resolution_n of_o the_o spherical_a triangle_n 266_o 8_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o distance_n by_o the_o semicircle_n 271_o 9_o of_o the_o expression_n of_o the_o distance_n on_o the_o globe_n or_o map_n 273_o to_o my_o book_n parue_v nec_fw-la invideo_fw-la sine_fw-la i_o liber_n ibis_fw-la in_fw-la aulam_fw-la hei_fw-la mihi_fw-la quòd_fw-la domino_fw-la non_fw-la licetire_v tuo_fw-la go_v forth_o thou_o hapless_a embryo_n of_o my_o brain_n unfashioned_a as_o thou_o be_v express_v the_o strain_n and_o language_n of_o thy_o discontent_a sire_n who_o hardly_o ransom_v his_o poor_a babe_n from_o fire_n to_o offer_v to_o the_o world_n and_o careless_a man_n the_o timeless_a fruit_n of_o his_o officious_a pen._n thou_o be_v no_o lovely_a darling_n stamp_v to_o please_v the_o look_n of_o greatness_n no_o delight_n to_o ease_v their_o melancholy_a temper_n who_o reject_v as_o idle_a toy_n but_o what_o themselves_o affect_v no_o lucky_a planet_n dart_v forth_o his_o ray_n to_o promise_v love_n unto_o thy_o infant-daye_n thou_o may_v perhaps_o be_v merchandise_n for_o slave_n who_o sell_v their_o author_n wit_n and_o buy_v their_o grave_n thou_o may_v be_v censure_v guilty_a of_o that_o blame_n which_o be_v the_o midwife_n fault_n the_o parent_n be_v shame_n thou_o may_v be_v talk_n for_o table_n use_v for_o sport_n at_o taverne-meeting_n pastime_n for_o the_o court_n thou_o may_v be_v tear_v by_o their_o malicious_a fang_n who_o never_o be_v teach_v to_o know_v a_o parent_n pang_n how_o easy_o caâ—â—roud_a ignorance_n outstare_v the_o comely_a weed_n thy_o poverty_n can_v wear_v when_o all_o the_o sister_n on_o our_o isis_n side_n be_v ofâ—_n swear_v servant_n to_o aspire_a pride_n and_o our_o renowned_a mother_n athens_n groan_v to_o see_v her_o garden_n set_v with_o cadmus_n son_n who_o birth_n be_v mutual_a strife_n who_o destiny_n be_v only_o to_o be_v bear_v to_o fight_v and_o die_v prometheus_n be_v chain_v fast_o and_o can_v move_v to_o steal_v a_o little_a fire_n from_o mighty_a jove_n to_o people_n new_a the_o world_n that_o we_o may_v see_v our_o mother_n team_v with_o a_o new_a progeny_n and_o therefore_o with_o thy_o hapless_a father_n prove_v to_o place_v thy_o duty_n where_o thou_o find_v love_n when_o thou_o arriu'_v at_o court_n thou_o long_o may_v stay_v some_o friend_n assistance_n to_o prepare_v thou_o way_n as_o in_o a_o cloudy_a morning_n i_o have_v do_v when_o envious_a vapour_n shut_v i_o from_o the_o sun_n when_o all_o else_o enter_v see_v thou_o humble_o stand_v to_o beg_v a_o kiss_n from_o thy_o moecenae_n hand_n if_o he_o vouchsafe_v a_o look_n to_o guild_v thy_o state_n proclaim_v he_o noble_a thy_o self_n fortunate_a geographie_n the_o first_o book_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n the_o matter_n and_o form_n 1_o geographie_n be_v a_o science_n which_o teach_v the_o description_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n the_o nature_n of_o geographie_n be_v well_o express_v in_o the_o name_n for_o geographie_n resolve_v according_a to_o the_o greek_a etymology_n signify_v as_o much_o as_o a_o description_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o it_o differ_v from_o cosmographie_n â—s_v a_o part_n from_o the_o whole_a forasmuch_o as_o cosmographie_n according_a to_o the_o name_n be_v a_o description_n of_o the_o wholâ—_n world_n comprehend_v under_o it_o as_o well_o geographie_n as_o astronomy_n howbeit_o i_o confess_v that_o among_o the_o ancient_a writer_n cosmographie_n have_v be_v take_v for_o one_o &_o the_o selfsame_o science_n with_o geography_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o sundry_a treatise_n mere_o geographical_a 1._o yet_o entitle_v by_o the_o name_n of_o cosmographie_n this_o science_n according_a to_o our_o approve_a ptolemy_n be_v distinguish_v from_o chorographie_n four_o way_n first_o because_o geographie_n describe_v the_o whole_a sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o its_o just_a quantity_n proportion_n figure_n and_o disposition_n which_o the_o principal_a part_n of_o it_o have_v as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o one_o another_o as_o of_o the_o whole_a terrestrial_a globe_n so_o that_o it_o only_o undertake_v the_o chief_a and_o most_o note_a part_n such_o as_o be_v sin_n creek_n nation_n city_n promontory_n river_n and_o famous_a mountain_n but_o the_o chorographer_n separat_o handle_v the_o lesser_a part_n and_o matter_n of_o small_a moment_n such_o as_o be_v hillock_n brook_n lake_n town_n village_n and_o parish_n without_o any_o respect_n at_o all_o to_o the_o place_n adjoin_v as_o confer_v they_o with_o the_o spherical_a fabric_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n which_o by_o the_o same_o author_n be_v well_o illustrate_v by_o a_o example_n draw_v from_o the_o painter_n art_n for_o we_o see_v that_o a_o painter_n desirous_a to_o draw_v out_o and_o represent_v the_o head_n of_o any_o live_a creature_n will_v first_o draw_v out_o the_o lineament_n of_o the_o first_o and_o great_a part_n as_o the_o eye_n ear_n nose_n mouth_n forehead_n and_o such_o like_a only_o care_v that_o they_o may_v challenge_v a_o due_a and_o just_a proportion_n and_o symmetry_n one_o with_o the_o other_o not_o regard_v the_o lesser_a particle_n and_o ornament_n in_o each_o of_o these_o want_v perhaps_o space_n competent_a to_o accomplish_v it_o but_o if_o the_o same_o painter_n will_v strive_v to_o express_v only_o a_o eye_n or_o a_o ear_n he_o may_v take_v space_n enough_o to_o design_n out_o every_o small_a lineament_n colour_n shadow_n or_o mark_v as_o if_o it_o be_v natural_a for_o in_o this_o he_o care_v not_o to_o make_v it_o correspondent_a to_o the_o whole_a head_n &_o other_o part_n of_o the_o body_n so_o happen_v it_o to_o the_o geographer_n who_o will_v to_o delineate_v out_o any_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o for_o example_n our_o realm_n of_o england_n he_o will_v describe_v it_o as_o a_o island_n encompass_v round_o with_o the_o sea_n &_o figure_v in_o a_o triangular_a form_n only_o express_v the_o principal_a and_o great_a part_n of_o it_o but_o the_o chorographer_n undertake_v the_o description_n of_o some_o special_a and_o small_a part_n of_o england_n as_o for_o example_n the_o city_n of_o oxford_n descends_z much_o more_o particular_o to_o matter_n of_o small_a quantity_n and_o note_n such_o as_o be_v the_o church_n college_n hall_n street_n spring_n give_v to_o each_o of_o they_o their_o due_a accident_n colour_n lineament_n and_o proportion_n as_o far_o forth_o as_o art_n can_v imitate_v nature_n neither_o in_o this_o kind_n of_o description_n need_v there_o any_o consideration_n of_o the_o place_n adjoin_v or_o the_o general_a draught_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n the_o second_o difference_n between_o geography_n and_o chorographie_n assign_v by_o ptolemy_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o chorographie_n be_v common_o conversant_a in_o the_o accidental_a quality_n of_o each_o place_n particular_o note_v unto_o we_o which_o place_n be_v barren_a fruitful_a sandy_a stony_a moist_a dry_a hot_a cold_a plain_a or_o mountainous_a and_o such_o like_a propriety_n but_o geography_n less_o regard_v their_o quality_n inquire_v rather_o of_o the_o quantity_n measure_n distance_n which_o place_n have_v aswell_o in_o regard_n one_o of_o the_o other_o as_o of_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n assign_v to_o each_o region_n its_o true_a longitude_n latitude_n clime_n parallel_n and_o meridian_n 3_o geographie_n and_o chorographie_n be_v say_v to_o differ_v because_o geographie_n stand_v in_o little_a need_n of_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v conversant_a the_o most_o part_n about_o the_o geometrical_a lineament_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n claim_v great_a affinity_n with_o the_o art_n call_v of_o the_o greek_n ichnographie_n who_o office_n be_v to_o express_v the_o figure_n and_o proportion_n of_o body_n set_v forth_o in_o a_o plain_a superficies_n but_o contrariwise_o corographie_n require_v as_o a_o help_n necessary_a the_o art_n of_o paint_v forasmuch_o as_o no_o man_n can_v full_o and_o perfect_o express_v to_o the_o eye_n the_o true_a portrait_n of_o city_n town_n castle_n promontory_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n in_o their_o true_a colour_n livelihood_n and_o proportion_n except_o they_o be_v skill_v in_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v so_o that_o this_o part_n be_v by_o some_o liken_v to_o that_o art_n which_o the_o
philosophy_n and_o on_o the_o loadstone_n erect_v a_o large_a trophy_n to_o commend_v he_o to_o posterity_n this_o famous_a doctor_n be_v as_o pregnant_a in_o witty_a apprehension_n as_o diligent_a in_o curious_a search_n of_o natural_a cause_n after_o many_o experiment_n and_o long_a inquiry_n find_v the_o cause_n of_o most_o magnetical_a motion_n and_o propriety_n hide_v in_o the_o magnetical_a temper_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o the_o earth_n itself_o be_v a_o mere_a magnetical_a body_n challenge_v all_o those_o propriety_n and_o more_o than_o have_v express_v themselves_o in_o the_o loadstone_n which_o opinion_n of_o his_o be_v no_o soon_o broach_v than_o it_o be_v embrace_v and_o well-commed_n by_o many_o prime_a wit_n aswell_o english_a as_o foreign_a in_o so_o much_o that_o iâ—_n have_v of_o late_o take_v large_a root_n and_o get_v much_o ground_n of_o our_o vulgar_a philosophy_n not_o that_o in_o the_o main_a scope_n and_o drift_n of_o it_o it_o contradict_v or_o cross_v all_o peripatetical_a principle_n or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o such_o ground_n as_o have_v hitherto_o bear_v the_o stamp_n aswell_o of_o antiquity_n as_o of_o authority_n but_o that_o it_o have_v bring_v to_o light_a matter_n of_o no_o small_a moment_n which_o never_o find_v any_o ground_n or_o footstep_n in_o our_o ordinary_a philosophy_n this_o new_a philosophy_n i_o dare_v not_o commend_v as_o everywhere_a perfect_a and_o absolute_a be_v but_o of_o late_a year_n invent_v and_o not_o yet_o bring_v to_o mature_a perfection_n yet_o will_v it_o savour_v of_o little_a ingenuity_n or_o judgement_n in_o any_o man_n perverse_o to_o deny_v all_o such_o magnetical_a affection_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o be_v ground_v on_o plain_a experiment_n and_o observation_n since_o no_o philosophy_n be_v every_o way_n so_o exact_a but_o require_v experience_n daily_o to_o correct_v it_o i_o intend_v not_o here_o a_o absolute_a discourse_n of_o magnetical_a boby_n and_o motion_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o their_o search_n who_o experimental_a industry_n be_v more_o suitable_a to_o such_o a_o subject_n only_o i_o will_v show_v some_o general_a ground_n appertain_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n which_o i_o hold_v necessary_a for_o a_o geographer_n wherefore_o ere_o i_o curious_o distinguish_v these_o magnetical_a propriety_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o other_o several_a kind_n i_o will_v set_v down_o this_o theorem_a as_o a_o ground_n or_o foundation_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v 1_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n be_v of_o a_o magnetical_a nature_n and_o disposition_n a_o magnetical_a body_n by_o some_o be_v define_v to_o be_v that_o which_o seat_v in_o the_o air_n do_v place_n itself_o in_o one_o place_n natural_a not_o alterable_a this_o situation_n be_v suppose_v to_o agree_v to_o all_o the_o star_n especial_o to_o the_o great_a globe_n of_o saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n and_o the_o sun_n as_o also_o to_o such_o as_o give_v their_o attendance_n on_o they_o late_o detect_v by_o the_o trunk-spectacle_n to_o wit_n those_o two_o star_n which_o move_v about_o saturn_n the_o four_o which_o move_v about_o jupiter_n the_o two_o which_o circle_n about_o the_o sun_n as_o venus_n and_o mercury_n and_o last_o the_o moon_n which_o encompass_v the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o to_o let_v pass_v those_o other_o globe_n as_o far_o off_o and_o therefore_o less_o subject_a to_o our_o search_n our_o discourse_n shall_v only_o touch_v the_o earth_n whereon_o we_o live_v which_o we_o shall_v prove_v to_o partake_v of_o a_o certain_a magnetical_a virtue_n or_o inclination_n which_o to_o show_v more_o open_o we_o must_v understand_v that_o all_o magnetical_a globe_n have_v some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n which_o be_v also_o magnetical_a which_o be_v divorce_v from_o their_o proper_a sphere_n &_o meet_v no_o obstacle_n will_v settle_v themselves_o to_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o their_o peculiar_a orb_n which_o we_o may_v plain_o perceive_v in_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n wherein_o we_o shall_v find_v two_o magnetical_a mineral_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v the_o loadstone_n attract_v iron_n or_o steel_n the_o other_o the_o iron_n or_o steel_n itself_o either_o ofthese_fw-mi two_o artificial_o hang_v in_o the_o air_n or_o place_v in_o a_o little_a boat_n on_o the_o water_n all_o encumbrance_n be_v remove_v will_v conform_v &_o settle_v their_o part_n and_o pole_n correspondent_a to_o the_o pole_n and_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a sphere_n as_o north_n and_o south_n this_o have_v be_v find_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o such_o as_o have_v travel_v round_o about_o she_o as_o drake_n and_o candish_n who_o compass_n be_v always_o direct_v magnetical_o in_o all_o place_n which_o they_o pass_v which_o we_o can_v ascribe_v to_o any_o other_o cause_n then_o the_o disponent_fw-la faculty_n of_o the_o earth_n magnetical_a sphere_n as_o shall_v appear_v hereafter_o by_o demonstration_n 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the_o earth_n which_o be_v magnetical_a which_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o hard_a and_o more_o massy_a substance_n will_v have_v the_o same_o affection_n and_o motion_n with_o the_o loadstone_n itself_o this_o assertion_n of_o the_o earth_n magnetical_a nature_n we_o shall_v confirm_v more_o evident_o hereafter_o where_o we_o shall_v prove_v both_o the_o pole_n the_o meridian_n parallel_n and_o other_o circle_n to_o be_v not_o bare_a imaginary_a line_n as_o some_o have_v think_v but_o to_o be_v real_o ground_v in_o the_o magnetical_a nature_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v to_o be_v show_v in_o any_o round_a loadstone_n wrought_v and_o place_v convenient_o with_o instrument_n thereunto_o apply_v 2_o the_o magnetical_a affection_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v twofold_a either_o radical_a or_o derive_v the_o radical_a disposition_n we_o call_v that_o which_o be_v the_o first_o root_n and_o ground_n of_o all_o other_o magnetical_a motion_n 3_o the_o radical_a virtue_n or_o inclination_n be_v again_o twofold_a either_o motive_n or_o disponent_fw
his_o elementary_a constitution_n this_o reason_n will_v hardly_o admit_v of_o a_o solid_a answer_n for_o howsoever_o in_o the_o vast_a frame_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o addition_n or_o subtraction_n of_o some_o part_n will_v make_v but_o a_o insensible_a difference_n yet_o can_v it_o not_o be_v deny_v but_o the_o least_o weight_n whatsoever_o add_v or_o subtract_v will_v turn_v it_o from_o its_o equall-poyze_a nevertheless_o this_o i_o hold_v too_o absurd_a for_o a_o christian_n to_o believe_v for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o contradict_v the_o sense_n of_o holy_a scripture_n 104._o which_o aver_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v so_o settle_v on_o her_o foundation_n that_o she_o shall_v not_o at_o any_o time_n be_v remove_v or_o shake_v which_o motion_n as_o shall_v be_v prove_v in_o the_o second_o theorem_a i_o take_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o such_o a_o trepidation_n of_o the_o centre_n and_o the_o pole_n which_o by_o a_o metaphor_n be_v term_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o not_o of_o the_o circular_a motion_n as_o some_o have_v labour_v to_o wrest_v it_o wherefore_o nothing_o be_v here_o leave_v we_o to_o satisfy_v this_o doubt_n but_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o his_o magnetical_a verticity_n whereby_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n endow_v with_o a_o magnetical_a vigour_n and_o overswaying_a the_o elementary_a ponderosity_n of_o the_o earthly_a part_n be_v as_o it_o be_v so_o fast_o bind_v to_o respect_v the_o same_o point_n or_o pole_n in_o the_o heaven_n that_o the_o centre_n can_v no_o way_n be_v shake_v or_o move_v out_o of_o his_o place_n 3_o the_o magnetical_a revolution_n be_v a_o motion_n by_o which_o the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v round_o aristotle_n in_o his_o 1_o book_n de_fw-fr coelo_fw-la make_v 3_o kind_n of_o simple_a motion_n out_o of_o which_o he_o labour_v to_o deduce_v the_o number_n of_o simple_a body_n the_o first_o be_v the_o motion_n from_o the_o centre_n such_o as_o be_v of_o fire_n and_o air_n and_o all_o light_a body_n the_o second_o to_o the_o centre_n such_o as_o be_v of_o earth_n and_o water_n the_o three_o be_v round_o about_o the_o centre_n or_o middle_n which_o he_o ascribe_v to_o the_o heaven_n so_o that_o if_o this_o ground_n be_v true_a the_o earth_n can_v challenge_v to_o itself_o no_o other_o than_o the_o right_a motion_n whereby_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o whole_a return_v to_o it_o again_o but_o this_o opinion_n although_o popular_a and_o plausible_a have_v be_v contradict_v as_o well_o by_o ancient_a philosopher_n as_o modern_a for_o by_o long_a experience_n and_o diligent_a observation_n they_o have_v find_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o star-like_a vigour_n whereby_o she_o may_v have_v all_o her_o part_n unite_v together_o by_o reason_n of_o her_o gravity_n unto_o the_o centre_n and_o her_o place_n make_v sure_a by_o her_o magnetical_a pole_n move_v natural_o upon_o her_o own_o pole_n at_o least_o if_o so_o be_v she_o claim_v no_o other_o motion_n this_o opinion_n first_o blosome_v as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v gather_v in_o the_o school_n of_o pythagoras_n be_v cherish_v by_o heraclides_fw-la ponticus_n and_o ecphantus_n two_o famous_a pythagorean_n to_o which_o afterward_o join_v themselves_o nicetus_n syracusanus_fw-la and_o aristarchus_n samius_n all_o which_o have_v undertake_v to_o defend_v that_o the_o earth_n move_v circular_o and_o that_o this_o circumgyration_n of_o the_o earth_n cause_v the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n as_o well_o as_o of_o other_o star_n although_o in_o the_o manner_n they_o have_v not_o express_v themselves_o alike_o have_v enjoy_v as_o yet_o scarce_o the_o first_o dawn_n of_o knowledge_n but_o all_o this_o while_n philosophy_n content_v herself_o with_o the_o acquaintance_n of_o a_o few_o choice_a friend_n not_o dare_v to_o prostitute_v her_o treasure_n to_o popularity_n but_o when_o it_o happen_v in_o after_o time_n that_o she_o be_v teach_v the_o language_n of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o speak_v to_o the_o understanding_n of_o each_o mechanic_n she_o soon_o contract_v some_o stain_n and_o square_v herself_o rather_o to_o please_v the_o most_o than_o the_o best_a thus_o the_o multitude_n as_o a_o vast_a torrent_n prevail_v against_o the_o learned_a and_o cast_v into_o exile_n the_o invention_n of_o the_o ancient_n which_o their_o ignorance_n be_v ready_a to_o censure_v then_o understand_v yet_o be_v not_o the_o seed_n of_o this_o philosophy_n quite_o extinct_a but_o as_o forget_v for_o a_o time_n until_o there_o arise_v copernicus_n a_o man_n of_o incomparable_a wit_n who_o quicken_v and_o reviue_v it_o to_o his_o everlasting_a praise_n and_o our_o profit_n i_o will_v not_o here_o be_v mistake_v as_o though_o i_o strong_o apprehend_v these_o ground_n and_o reject_v all_o the_o principle_n of_o our_o peripatetic_n philosophy_n i_o only_o inveigh_v against_o their_o prejudicate_a ignorance_n which_o ready_a to_o lick_v up_o the_o dust_n under_o aristotle_n foot_n with_o a_o supercilious_a look_n contemn_v all_o other_o learning_n as_o though_o no_o flower_n of_o science_n can_v grow_v in_o another_o garden_n i_o confess_v this_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n circular_a motion_n to_o be_v subject_a to_o many_o and_o great_a exception_n and_o oppose_v by_o strong_a and_o weighty_a argument_n draw_v probable_o from_o the_o book_n of_o god_n the_o touchstone_n of_o sincere_a verity_n yet_o i_o hold_v it_o too_o strong_o fortify_v to_o be_v invade_v by_o popular_a argument_n draw_v from_o seem_a sense_n and_o bolster_v up_o with_o name_n and_o authority_n for_o i_o own_o part_n i_o confess_v not_o absolute_a subscription_n to_o this_o opinion_n yet_o can_v i_o not_o convenient_o leave_v it_o out_o because_o have_v undertake_v to_o insert_v this_o magnetical_a tract_n i_o will_v not_o willing_o mangle_v it_o in_o any_o part_n but_o show_v it_o whole_a and_o entire_a to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o judicious_a who_o herein_o may_v use_v their_o philosophical_a liberty_n to_o embrace_v or_o reject_v what_o they_o please_v if_o these_o ground_n seem_v true_a they_o will_v find_v acceptance_n if_o otherwise_o it_o can_v indamage_v truth_n to_o know_v her_o adversary_n wherefore_o i_o think_v no_o man_n will_v take_v it_o amiss_o that_o i_o insert_v this_o follow_a theorem_a 1_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n have_v a_o circular_a motion_n copernicus_n ascribe_v three_o motion_n to_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o earth_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o space_n of_o 24_o hour_n about_o her_o own_o axle_n make_v the_o day_n and_o night_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v the_o diurnal_a the_o second_o be_v yearly_a wherein_o the_o centre_n itself_o of_o the_o earth_n be_v move_v from_o west_n to_o east_n describe_v the_o circle_n of_o the_o sign_n the_o three_o be_v a_o motion_n of_o declination_n perform_v in_o a_o annual_a revolution_n reflect_v against_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o centre_n for_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v a_o convertible_a nature_n whereas_o if_o it_o shall_v remain_v fix_v there_o will_v appear_v no_o inequality_n of_o day_n and_o night_n spring_n autumn_n summer_n or_o winter_n i_o will_v not_o here_o curious_o distinguish_v the_o difference_n limit_n and_o period_n of_o these_o three_o motion_n but_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o skilful_a astronomer_n to_o who_o proper_o it_o appertain_v it_o be_v enough_o for_o i_o to_o show_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o earth_n shall_v challenge_v to_o itself_o a_o circular_a motion_n in_o prosecution_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v labour_v chief_o to_o establish_v that_o first_o motion_n which_o be_v of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n about_o her_o own_o axis_fw-la which_o be_v the_o easy_a both_o to_o believe_v and_o understand_v that_o i_o may_v the_o better_o express_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o opinion_n i_o will_v labour_v to_o prove_v these_o two_o point_n 1_o that_o this_o opinion_n be_v consonant_a to_o reason_n 2_o that_o it_o no_o way_n contradict_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o former_a assertion_n we_o will_v again_o divide_v into_o 3_o article_n 1_o that_o the_o motion_n which_o we_o seek_v to_o establish_v in_o the_o earth_n can_v without_o much_o absurdity_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o heaven_n second_o that_o it_o no_o way_n contradict_v to_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o three_o that_o the_o argument_n produce_v against_o this_o opinion_n be_v not_o so_o strong_a but_o may_v be_v answer_v with_o probability_n first_o therefore_o find_v the_o daily_a rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o other_o star_n to_o arise_v from_o some_o motion_n we_o be_v to_o seek_v out_o the_o true_a subject_n of_o this_o motion_n it_o be_v agree_v upon_o by_o all_o that_o this_o subject_n must_v be_v the_o heaven_n which_o be_v carry_v in_o 24_o hour_n from_o east_n to_o west_n or_o the_o
the_o east_n or_o west_n the_o star_n will_v either_o seem_v great_a in_o the_o east_n then_o in_o the_o west_n or_o contrariwise_o great_a in_o the_o west_n than_o the_o east_n all_o which_o plain_o contradict_v experience_n moreover_o it_o will_v hence_o follow_v out_o of_o this_o last_o that_o the_o forenoon_n will_v not_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o afternoon_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o meridian_n circle_n pass_v by_o our_o vertical_a point_n which_o in_o this_o case_n can_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n but_o will_v decline_v more_o either_o to_o the_o east_n or_o the_o west_n four_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n either_o there_o will_v be_v no_o equinoctial_a at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o if_o there_o be_v any_o it_o will_v not_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o the_o two_o solstice_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n which_o be_v against_o all_o common_a experience_n to_o explain_v which_o assertion_n let_v there_o be_v a_o sphere_n abcd_n who_o centre_n shall_v be_v e_z wherein_o we_o will_v conceive_v the_o equatour_n to_o be_v bd_o the_o two_o tropic_n il_fw-fr and_o xh_n the_o axletree_n of_o the_o world_n ac_fw-la now_o if_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o equatour_n out_o of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o world_n as_o in_o f_o let_v there_o first_o be_v a_o oblique_a horizon_n zfy_v cut_v all_o the_o parallel_n into_o unequal_a part_n and_o the_o axis_n in_o those_o parallel_n which_o be_v without_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o in_o the_o say_a horizon_n there_o will_v be_v no_o equinoctial_a because_o the_o horizon_n equal_o divide_v in_o two_o half_n only_o that_o parallel_n which_o be_v describe_v by_o p_o which_o nevertheless_o the_o sun_n never_o come_v unto_o as_o never_o go_v beyond_o the_o tropic_n xh_v let_v there_o be_v another_o oblique_a horizon_n ofm_n cut_v the_o axle_n ac_fw-la within_o the_o say_a parallel_n in_o n_o it_o be_v manifest_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o 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just_a in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o summer_n solstice_n all_o which_o be_v most_o absurd_a and_o most_o repugnant_a to_o common_a sense_n three_o this_o grant_v the_o whole_a order_n and_o proportion_n of_o increase_n and_o decrease_v of_o day_n and_o night_n will_v be_v confuse_v and_o trouble_v it_o be_v agree_v on_o by_o consent_n of_o all_o cosmographer_n that_o every_o where_o without_o the_o right_a horizon_n there_o be_v such_o a_o order_n and_o proportion_n of_o the_o increase_n &_o decrease_v of_o the_o day_n and_o night_n that_o twice_o in_o a_o year_n the_o day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n to_o wit_n in_o the_o mean_a or_o middle_a betwixt_o the_o long_a and_o the_o short_a day_n that_o the_o long_a day_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o long_a night_n and_o the_o short_a day_n to_o the_o short_a night_n that_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n above_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n be_v so_o much_o as_o be_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o say_v 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the_o excess_n of_o the_o long_a day_n xp_n above_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n xg_n be_v equal_a to_o kv_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o short_a day_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a day_n ik_fw-mi which_o be_v show_v out_o of_o the_o similitude_n and_o equality_n of_o the_o triangle_n teg_n and_o vek._n now_o of_o the_o contrary_a part_n if_o the_o earth_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o the_o axis_n without_o the_o centre_n e_o as_o in_o p_o beyond_o all_o the_o parallel_n no_o equinoxe_n can_v be_v in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n as_o we_o have_v show_v but_o always_o the_o day_n will_v be_v long_o or_o short_a than_o the_o night_n but_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v place_v in_o the_o point_n g_o by_o which_o pass_v
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such_o as_o be_v saturn_n jupiter_n mars_n and_o the_o sun_n or_o the_o low_a and_o lesser_a such_o as_o be_v venus_n mercurius_n and_o the_o moon_n which_o difference_n in_o place_n and_o greatness_n admit_v a_o great_a diversity_n in_o this_o proportion_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o these_o two_o theorem_n 1._o the_o earthly_a globe_n compare_v in_o quantity_n with_o the_o firmament_n and_o superior_a orb_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v no_o sensible_a magnitude_n this_o proposition_n be_v support_v not_o only_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o many_o and_o grave_a author_n as_o aristotle_n ptolemy_n pliny_n alphragan_n and_o other_o but_o by_o diverse_a strong_a reason_n draw_v from_o experience_n and_o observation_n of_o astronomer_n the_o first_o argument_n shall_v be_v this_o which_o be_v most_o popular_a the_o sun_n and_o many_o other_o star_n in_o the_o firmament_n be_v find_v out_o by_o astronomical_a instrument_n to_o be_v manifold_o great_a than_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n 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vapour_n and_o gross_a body_n wherefore_o it_o must_v of_o necessity_n follow_v that_o their_o distance_n be_v all_o one_o in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o sky_n and_o by_o consequence_n the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v no_o sensible_a diversity_n in_o distance_n three_o hence_o will_v arise_v another_o reason_n no_o less_o forcible_a than_o this_o that_o if_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v any_o comparison_n or_o proportion_n to_o the_o semidiameter_n of_o the_o sky_n the_o horizon_n that_o we_o have_v on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n shall_v not_o divide_v the_o sky_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o part_n which_o be_v couch_v under_o the_o horizon_n will_v always_o be_v great_a and_o the_o other_o lesser_a as_o in_o our_o former_a diagramme_n if_o of_o have_v a_o notable_a quantity_n in_o comparison_n of_o ea_fw-la then_o will_v the_o line_n cfd_n be_v the_o horizon_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n differ_v notable_o from_o the_o line_n aeb_fw-mi be_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o world_n and_o the_o horizon_n to_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o shall_v not_o the_o horizon_n cfd_n divide_v the_o world_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n but_o the_o upper_a part_n shall_v always_o be_v lesser_a than_o the_o low_a which_o cross_v ordinary_a experience_n for_o we_o may_v see_v in_o long_a winter_n night_n that_o those_o star_n which_o be_v in_o the_o east_n horizon_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n will_v be_v in_o the_o west_n at_o the_o end_n of_o twelve_o hour_n and_o contrariwise_o those_o star_n which_o do_v set_v in_o the_o west_n when_o those_o other_o do_v rise_v in_o the_o east_n shall_v rise_v again_o when_o the_o other_o shall_v set_v four_o if_o the_o earth_n have_v any_o sensible_a greatness_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o heaven_n than_o be_v it_o unpossible_a for_o any_o sun_n dial_n to_o be_v regular_a and_o observe_v due_a proportion_n for_o we_o see_v the_o shadow_n to_o move_v as_o due_o and_o orderly_o about_o the_o centre_n of_o dial_n and_o such_o instrument_n as_o if_o their_o centre_n be_v the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o world_n which_o can_v never_o happen_v if_o these_o two_o centre_n shall_v differ_v notable_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o express_v it_o the_o better_a we_o will_v set_v this_o figure_n which_o represent_v the_o three_o notable_a circle_n in_o a_o dial_n which_o be_v describe_v by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o three_o notable_a place_n of_o the_o zodiac_n to_o wit_n the_o two_o tropic_n and_o the_o equinoctial_a herein_o the_o uttermost_a arch_n blc_n represent_v the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n and_o be_v describe_v no_o great_a than_o the_o quarter_n of_o a_o circle_n because_o the_o sun_n place_v in_o the_o sign_n shine_v unto_o we_o but_o six_o hour_n the_o equinoctial_a be_v set_v as_o half_a a_o circle_n because_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o it_o appear_v unto_o we_o 12_o hour_n &_o be_v here_o note_v out_o by_o eif_n the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n contain_v 3_o quarter_n of_o a_o circle_n because_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o it_o there_o be_v eighteen_o hour_n from_o sunrising_n to_o sunset_n and_o that_o circle_n be_v ghk_n the_o centre_n of_o the_o dial_n be_v a_o and_o the_o style_n which_o give_v the_o shadow_n da_fw-la who_o top_n be_v d_o do_v describe_v those_o portion_n of_o circle_n with_o such_o exactness_n as_o if_o the_o dial_n be_v set_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o distinction_n of_o the_o hour_n show_v itself_o no_o otherwise_o then_o if_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o dial_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n to_o these_o argument_n i_o may_v add_v that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o sensible_a greatness_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o respect_n of_o these_o superior_a orb_n either_o all_o or_o most_o of_o these_o absurdity_n will_v arise_v which_o follow_v their_o opinion_n who_o place_n the_o earth_n out_o 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of_o the_o invention_n consist_v in_o find_v out_o the_o proportion_n of_o any_o proportion_n as_o a_o degree_n half_a degree_n or_o the_o like_a to_o the_o number_n of_o mile_n or_o furlong_n answerable_a thereunto_o for_o which_o purpose_n many_o skilful_a mathematician_n have_v invent_v many_o excellent_a way_n of_o great_a use_n and_o delight_n 1_o by_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n or_o observation_n of_o a_o eclipse_n or_o some_o know_a star_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n it_o be_v perform_v after_o this_o manner_n let_v there_o be_v observe_v two_o city_n or_o other_o notable_a landmark_n place_v just_a north_n and_o south_n under_o the_o same_o meridian_n in_o these_o two_o city_n or_o mark_n let_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n be_v exact_o note_v then_o subtract_v the_o elevation_n of_o the_o southern_a city_n which_o be_v lesser_a out_o of_o the_o northern_a which_o be_v great_a the_o residue_n 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find_v it_o betwixt_o the_o two_o tropic_n we_o may_v without_o doubt_n think_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o betwixt_o the_o tropic_n circle_n and_o the_o polar_a it_o will_v be_v in_o the_o temperate_a if_o betwixt_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n itself_o it_o must_v be_v in_o the_o cold_a zone_n by_o the_o table_n of_o latitude_n it_o may_v be_v find_v this_o way_n seek_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o place_n give_v in_o the_o table_n which_o if_o it_o be_v less_o than_o 23_o degree_n 30_o scruple_n the_o place_n be_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n if_o precise_o it_o be_v so_o much_o in_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n the_o place_n assign_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v betwixt_o the_o torrid_a and_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o northern_a temperate_a zone_n but_o if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o southern_a hemisphere_n it_o will_v be_v under_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n which_o end_v the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o begin_v 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rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o star_n for_o as_o often_o as_o the_o long_a or_o solsticiall_a day_n of_o one_o place_n differ_v from_o the_o long_a day_n of_o another_o by_o the_o space_n of_o half_a a_o hour_n a_o new_a climate_n be_v place_v wherefore_o under_o the_o equatour_n or_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o day_n be_v always_o equal_a to_o wit_n of_o 12_o hour_n which_o beginning_n from_o the_o equatour_n if_o we_o approach_v towards_o either_o pole_n so_o far_o as_o the_o great_a artificial_a day_n amount_v to_o 12_o ½_o we_o may_v assure_v ourselves_o that_o we_o be_v come_v to_o the_o first_o climate_n and_o so_o forward_o still_o the_o great_a day_n of_o our_o climate_n will_v by_o so_o much_o exceed_v the_o great_a day_n of_o the_o other_o as_o the_o climate_n differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o
holy_a scripture_n and_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a â—hat_n many_o of_o those_o 〈◊〉_d people_n fetch_v their_o first_o original_n from_o they_o the_o second_a cause_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o industry_n and_o labour_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o tillage_n and_o manure_v of_o the_o ground_n wherein_o the_o southern_a inhabitant_n have_v be_v more_o deficient_a foâ—_n it_o be_v certain_a out_o of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o noah_n ark_n wherein_o be_v thâ—_n seminary_n of_o mankind_n and_o almost_o all_o other_o liuâ—â—g_v 〈◊〉_d rest_v in_o â—he_n northern_a part_n of_o the_o world_n whence_o both_o man_n and_o beast_n begin_v to_o be_v propagate_v towards_o the_o southâ—punc_fw-la no_o far_o than_o necessity_n enforce_v the_o region_n inhabit_v gâ—â—wing_v daily_o more_o and_o more_o populous_a and_o as_o iâ—_n be_v groan_v to_o be_v deliver_v oâ—_n some_o of_o her_o child_n hence_o may_v be_v infer_v too_o consecâ—aries_n first_o that_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n be_v 〈◊〉_d soon_o and_o be_v now_o therefore_o â—ore_o populous_a than_o the_o southern_a second_o that_o the_o chief_a and_o principal_a man_n which_o be_v best_a seat_v rathâ—r_n choose_v to_o keep_v their_o ancient_a habitation_n send_v such_o abroad_o who_o can_v either_o be_v best_a spare_v or_o have_v the_o small_a possession_n at_o home_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o they_o retain_v with_o they_o a_o sufficient_a company_n and_o more_o than_o go_v away_o out_o of_o which_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v grant_v that_o the_o northern_a half_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v best_o inhabit_v shall_v be_v best_o manure_v and_o culture_v from_o whence_o the_o ground_n must_v in_o time_n prove_v more_o fruitful_a and_o commodious_a for_o habitation_n for_o as_o a_o fruitful_a country_n for_o want_n of_o the_o due_a manure_a and_o tillage_n do_v degenerate_a and_o wax_v barren_a so_o diverse_a barren_a and_o sterile_a country_n have_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o 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former_a lie_v towards_o the_o equatour_n the_o second_o towards_o the_o pole_n the_o three_o betwixt_o both_o the_o ancient_a cosmographer_n as_o we_o have_v show_v in_o our_o former_a treatise_n divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o five_o zone_n which_o they_o suppose_v have_v also_o proportional_o divide_v the_o temper_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o such_o sort_n that_o according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o heat_n and_o cold_a shall_v in_o rease_n or_o diminish_v which_o rule_n of_o they_o have_v be_v very_o certain_a be_v there_o no_o other_o cause_n concurrent_a in_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o air_n but_o only_o the_o heaven_n but_o since_o that_o many_o other_o concurrent_a cause_n as_o we_o have_v show_v mix_v themselves_o with_o these_o celestial_a operation_n and_o the_o experiment_n of_o navigatour_n have_v find_v out_o a_o disproportion_n in_o the_o quality_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o distance_n some_o late_a writer_n have_v seek_v out_o a_o new_a pertition_n more_o consonant_a to_o natural_a experience_n the_o whole_a latitude_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n consist_v of_o 90_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n to_o the_o pole_n they_o have_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n allow_v 30_o degree_n towards_o the_o equatour_n to_o heat_n 30_o degree_n towards_o the_o pole_n to_o cold_a and_o the_o other_o 30_o degree_n lie_v betwixt_o both_o to_o temperature_n these_o 30_o degree_n for_o imagination_n sake_n they_o have_v subdivide_v again_o each_o of_o they_o into_o two_o part_n contain_v 15_o degree_n a_o piece_n more_o particular_o to_o design_n out_o the_o special_a disposition_n of_o each_o region_n lie_v either_o northward_o or_o southward_o from_o the_o equatour_n which_o be_v the_o bind_v betwixt_o both_o hemisphere_n in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o 30_o degree_n lie_v northward_o from_o the_o equatour_n we_o comprehend_v in_o africa_n numidia_n nigritarum_fw-la regio_fw-la lybia_n guinia_n nubia_n egypt_n ethiopia_n superior_a in_o asia_n arabia_n india_n insulae_fw-la philippinae_fw-la in_o america_n nova_fw-la hispania_n hispaniola_n cuba_n with_o other_o part_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n to_o the_o pole_n we_o comprehend_v in_o europe_n groenland_n island_n friesland_n norwey_n suethland_n for_o the_o most_o part_n nova_fw-la zembla_n in_o asia_n a_o great_a part_n of_o scythia_n orientalis_n in_o america_n anian_n quivira_n with_o diverse_a other_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o america_n mexicana_n in_o the_o middle_n betwixt_o both_o betwixt_o 30_o and_o 60_o degree_n of_o latitude_n we_o comprehend_v in_o africa_n barbary_n in_o europe_n all_o the_o kingdom_n except_o those_o north_n province_n before_o name_v and_o almost_o all_o asia_n except_o some_o place_n towards_o the_o south_n as_o arabia_n india_n and_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la former_o place_v in_o the_o first_o section_n in_o like_a manner_n may_v we_o divide_v the_o southern_a hemisphere_n into_o three_o section_n in_o the_o first_o from_o the_o equatour_n 30_o degree_n we_o place_v in_o africa_n congo_n monomotapa_n madagascar_n in_o the_o southern_a tract_n beach_n and_o nova_fw-la guinia_n with_o many_o land_n thereunto_o adjoin_v as_o many_o of_o the_o philippinae_fw-la insulae_fw-la with_o insulae_fw-la solomonis_fw-la in_o america_n peru_n tisnada_n brasilia_n with_o the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o region_n which_o they_o call_v america_n peruana_n in_o the_o other_o extreme_a section_n from_o 60_o degree_n to_o the_o antarctike_a pole_n be_v couch_v the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o great_a land_n scarce_o yet_o discover_v call_v terra_fw-la australis_fw-la incognita_fw-la in_o the_o middle_a region_n betwixt_o both_o from_o 30_o to_o 60_o degree_n shall_v we_o find_v place_v in_o america_n the_o region_n of_o the_o pantagones_n in_o the_o southern_a continent_n maletur_fw-la javaminor_fw-la with_o many_o other_o in_o discover_v the_o quality_n of_o these_o several_a section_n or_o partition_n of_o the_o earth_n our_o chief_a discourse_n must_v be_v address_v to_o the_o northern_a hemisphere_n as_o that_o be_v more_o discover_v and_o know_v among_o old_a and_o new_a writer_n by_o which_o according_a to_o the_o former_a proposition_n one_o may_v parallel_v the_o other_o concern_v which_o we_o will_v infer_v these_o proposition_n 1_o in_o the_o first_o section_n of_o the_o hemisphere_n the_o first_o 15_o degree_n from_o the_o equatour_n be_v find_v somewhat_o temperate_a the_o other_o 15_o about_o the_o tropic_n exceed_v hot._n that_o the_o region_n lie_v under_o the_o equatour_n be_v temperate_o hot_a contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n almost_o of_o all_o the_o ancient_n have_v be_v in_o part_n prove_v heretofore_o as_o well_o by_o reason_n as_o experiment_n for_o that_o all_o place_n by_o how_o much_o the_o near_o they_o approach_v the_o equatour_n by_o so_o much_o more_o shall_v be_v hot_a as_o some_o imagine_v diverse_a instance_n will_v contradict_v it_o be_v report_v by_o aluarez_n that_o the_o abyssine_a ambassador_n arrive_v at_o lisbon_n in_o portugal_n be_v there_o almost_o choke_v with_o extreme_a heat_n also_o pâ—rguer_n the_o german_n relate_v that_o he_o have_v feel_v the_o weather_n more_o hot_a about_o dantzicke_n and_o the_o baltic_a sea_n then_o at_o tholouse_n in_o a_o â—eruent_a summer_n the_o cause_n which_o we_o have_v before_o touch_v be_v chief_o two_o the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o sun_n be_v high_a in_o this_o orb_n in_o respect_n of_o those_o under_o the_o equatour_n and_o move_v more_o swift_o from_o they_o spend_v on_o they_o only_o twelve_o hour_n whence_o so_o great_a a_o impression_n of_o heat_n can_v be_v make_v as_o in_o other_o place_n for_o heat_n be_v a_o material_a quality_n must_v necessary_o require_v some_o latitude_n of_o time_n to_o be_v impress_v into_o the_o air_n or_o any_o other_o subject_n from_o the_o diminution_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o region_n must_v the_o air_n need_v receive_v into_o
the_o scripture_n especial_o in_o the_o 8_o of_o the_o proverb_n and_o the_o 103_o psalm_n where_o god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v set_v a_o bind_v upon_o the_o sea_n which_o they_o shall_v not_o pass_v but_o this_o reason_n seem_v not_o warrantable_a that_o the_o great_a creator_n of_o all_o thing_n shall_v in_o the_o first_o institution_n of_o nature_n impose_v a_o perpetual_a violence_n upon_o nature_n moreover_o all_o miracle_n be_v temporary_a and_o not_o perpetual_a for_o than_o be_v it_o ordinary_a and_o so_o scarce_o a_o miracle_n other_o upon_o less_o ground_n have_v imagine_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a northern_a star_n in_o vrsa_fw-la maior_fw-la and_o draco_n of_o so_o great_a virtue_n that_o they_o can_v draw_v the_o ocean_n from_o this_o habitable_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n towards_o the_o north_n and_o so_o constrain_v the_o water_n that_o they_o can_v overwhelm_v the_o earth_n but_o this_o opinion_n be_v ridiculous_a and_o deserve_v no_o solid_a refutation_n be_v a_o mere_a conjecture_n without_o ground_n or_o probability_n other_o upon_o the_o like_a reason_n have_v dream_v that_o there_o be_v more_o water_n than_o earth_n in_o the_o globe_n and_o that_o the_o water_n by_o his_o extraordinary_a mass_n occupy_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n turn_v the_o earth_n on_o one_o side_n make_v it_o to_o swim_v as_o a_o ship_n upon_o the_o sea_n but_o this_o assertion_n we_o have_v refute_v in_o our_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n all_o these_o author_n suppose_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v uncover_v towards_o the_o north-pole_n but_o overflow_v with_o water_n towards_o the_o south_n which_o the_o experience_n of_o navigatour_n at_o this_o day_n have_v sufficient_o disannul_v other_o again_o affirm_v out_o of_o a_o peripatetical_a dream_n that_o the_o water_n be_v ten_o time_n great_a than_o the_o earth_n suppose_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v like_o a_o sponge_n to_o drink_v up_o the_o water_n to_o prove_v which_o assertion_n they_o produce_v a_o experiment_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v dig_v any_o thing_n deep_a in_o most_o place_n there_o will_v appear_v water_n whence_o they_o collect_v that_o the_o water_n be_v mix_v with_o the_o whole_a earth_n and_o receive_v into_o it's_o concavity_n but_o howsoever_o we_o may_v grant_v that_o there_o be_v many_o and_o vast_a concavity_n in_o the_o earth_n capable_a of_o water_n yet_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v ten_o time_n as_o great_a as_o the_o earth_n for_o by_o this_o reason_n although_o all_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v water_n it_o can_v not_o be_v but_o that_o a_o great_a portion_n of_o water_n then_o that_o in_o the_o earth_n shall_v arise_v above_o the_o earth_n because_o according_a to_o their_o own_o supposition_n 9_o part_n shall_v be_v above_o the_o earth_n neither_o can_v aristotle_n word_n be_v well_o wrest_v to_o this_o interpretation_n for_o as_o much_o as_o he_o understand_v this_o tenfold_o proportion_n of_o the_o water_n to_o the_o earth_n not_o of_o the_o space_n which_o they_o replenish_v measure_v by_o their_o circle_n and_o diameter_n but_o of_o the_o proportion_n they_o bear_v one_o to_o the_o other_o in_o their_o transmutation_n as_o that_o one_o measure_n of_o earth_n turn_v into_o water_n shall_v be_v as_o much_o as_o 10._o all_o these_o opinion_n seem_v so_o absurd_a it_o seem_v more_o probable_a to_o imagine_v that_o either_o the_o water_n be_v condensated_a and_o thicken_v which_o be_v in_o the_o beginning_n create_v thin_a whence_o will_v follow_v that_o they_o shall_v occupy_v a_o less_o place_n and_o by_o consequence_n leave_v the_o dry-land_n in_o many_o place_n habitable_a or_o which_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o god_n in_o the_o first_o creation_n make_v certain_a hollow_a concavity_n and_o channel_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v before_o plain_a and_o uniform_a into_o which_o the_o water_n be_v receive_v and_o bound_v in_o so_o much_o that_o they_o can_v not_o flow_v abroad_o this_o seem_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v the_o search_n of_o such_o as_o be_v not_o too_o curious_a to_o search_v into_o his_o secret_n who_o power_n and_o omnipotence_n transcend_v the_o capacity_n of_o the_o wise_a in_o this_o division_n of_o a_o place_n into_o water_n and_o land_n we_o will_v first_o treat_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o accident_n belong_v thereunto_o not_o that_o the_o water_n be_v worthy_a or_o great_a than_o the_o earth_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o we_o have_v prove_v heretofore_o but_o because_o the_o consideration_n of_o it_o be_v more_o simple_a as_o that_o wherein_o few_o matter_n be_v to_o be_v handle_v then_o in_o the_o land_n for_o rivers_n and_o lake_n although_o consist_v of_o this_o watery_a element_n we_o think_v fit_a to_o handle_v apart_o as_o adjunct_n belong_v to_o the_o land_n 4_o in_o the_o sea_n be_v consider_v two_o thing_n 1_o the_o adjunct_n 2_o the_o division_n the_o accident_n of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v be_v either_o internal_a or_o eâ—ternall_n 5_o the_o internal_a be_v such_o as_o be_v inbred_a in_o the_o sea_n these_o again_o be_v either_o absolute_a or_o relative_n 6_o the_o absolute_a be_v such_o as_o agree_v to_o the_o sea_n without_o any_o comparison_n with_o the_o land_n such_o be_v either_o figure_n quality_n or_o motion_n 7_o the_o figure_n be_v the_o conformity_n of_o the_o external_a superficies_n of_o the_o sea_n whereof_o observe_v this_o theorem_n 1_o although_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o water_n be_v spherical_a yet_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o the_o part_n of_o it_o incline_v to_o a_o conicall_a figure_n that_o the_o whole_a water_n according_a to_o its_o outward_a superficies_n iâ—_n spherical_a and_o round_a be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v before_o in_o the_o first_o book_n but_o notwithstanding_o this_o roundness_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o part_n of_o it_o may_v for_o aught_o i_o see_v admit_v of_o a_o conicall_a figure_n for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o have_v little_a or_o no_o proportion_n to_o the_o vast_a spheracity_n of_o the_o water_n no_o more_o then_o little_a hill_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o the_o prosecution_n of_o which_o point_n i_o will_v first_o show_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o my_o conjecture_n ground_v on_o experience_n and_o afterward_o out_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o demonstration_n of_o the_o principle_n of_o mathematical_a philosophy_n endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o more_o manifest_a first_o therefore_o by_o a_o conicall_a line_n we_o understand_v a_o crooked_a line_n which_o differ_v from_o a_o periphery_a or_o circle_n in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o keep_v not_o always_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o centre_n but_o be_v high_a in_o the_o midst_n then_o on_o either_o side_n now_o if_o the_o part_n of_o the_o water_n stand_v still_o be_v in_o their_o high_a superficies_n exact_o spherical_a they_o shall_v by_o the_o same_o ground_n be_v concentricall_a or_o have_v the_o same_o centre_n with_o the_o whole_a earth_n 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