that_o they_o dwell_v under_o the_o pole_n the_o aequator_fw-la with_o they_o do_v not_o make_v oblique_a angle_n with_o the_o horizon_n because_o the_o horizon_n and_o aequator_fw-la there_o make_v both_o but_o one_o circle_n this_o kind_n of_o sphere_n therefore_o may_v more_o right_o be_v call_v a_o parallel_n or_o neutral_a sphere_n because_o that_o its_o vertical_a point_n fall_v upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o sphere_n but_o joseph_n scaliger_n have_v give_v it_o the_o apt_a appellation_n of_o all_o in_o his_o note_n upon_o manilius_n astronom_n lib._n 3._o upon_o these_o verse_n stantis_fw-la erit_fw-la coeli_fw-la species_n laterúmque_fw-la meatus_fw-la turbinis_fw-la in_o morem_fw-la rectâ_fw-la vertigine_fw-la currit_fw-la where_o he_o say_v that_o every_o sphere_n may_v be_v say_v aut_fw-la jacere_fw-la sedere_fw-la aut_fw-la stare_n either_o to_o lie_v sit_v or_o stand_v so_o that_o the_o first_o position_n of_o sphere_n be_v as_o of_o lie_v all_o along_o which_o be_v that_o of_o a_o right_a sphere_n where_o the_o horizon_n make_v right_a angle_n with_o the_o equinoctial_a the_o seeond_n be_v of_o sit_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o three_o be_v of_o stand_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o be_v like_o a_o mill._n for_o in_o this_o position_n the_o equinoctial_a supply_v the_o office_n of_o the_o horizon_n and_o as_o it_o be_v turn_v round_o about_o be_v just_a like_o a_o hand-mill_n both_o in_o habit_n and_o manner_n of_o turn_v about_o but_o we_o can_v so_o proper_o call_v it_o a_o right_a sphere_n because_o of_o the_o right_a angle_n that_o it_o make_v with_o the_o equinoctial_a as_o pass_v through_o its_o pole_n because_o that_o that_o appellation_n seem_v to_o suit_v more_o fit_o with_o a_o stand_a sphere_n in_o which_o the_o equinoctial_a be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o horizon_n and_o arctique_a circle_n last_o there_o be_v but_o one_o right_a or_o lie_v sphere_n because_o there_o be_v but_o one_o equinoctial_a and_o there_o be_v but_o two_o stand_a sphere_n because_o there_o be_v but_o two_o pole_n but_o there_o be_v great_a variety_n and_o diversitis_fw-la of_o oblique_a or_o sit_v sphere_n as_o may_v manifest_o appear_v to_o any_o man_n and_o as_o our_o author_n have_v declare_v at_o large_a chap._n four_o of_o the_o zone_n the_o four_o lesser_a circle_n which_o be_v parallel_v to_o the_o aequator_fw-la divide_v the_o whole_a earth_n into_o five_o part_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n zone_n which_o appellation_n have_v also_o be_v receive_v and_o be_v stiâ—…_n in_o use_n among_o all_o our_o latin_a writer_n notwithstanding_o they_o sometime_o also_o use_v the_o latin_a word_n plâ—…ga_n in_o the_o same_o signification_n but_o the_o greek_n do_v sometime_o apply_v the_o word_n zona_fw-la to_o the_o orb_n of_o the_o planet_n in_o a_o different_a sense_n than_o be_v ever_o use_v by_o our_o author_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o that_o passage_n of_o theon_n alexandrinus_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o aratus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o heaven_n seven_o zone_n whiâ—…h_o be_v not_o contiguous_a to_o the_o zodiaque_fw-la the_o first_o whereof_o be_v assign_v to_o saturn_n the_o second_o to_o jupiter_n etc._n etc._n of_o these_o five_o zone_n three_o be_v account_v by_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o geographer_n to_o be_v inhabitable_a and_o intemperate_a one_o of_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n continual_o beat_v upon_o the_o same_o and_o this_o they_o call_v the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o be_v terminate_v by_o the_o tropique_n on_o each_o side_n and_o the_o other_o two_o by_o reason_n of_o extreme_a cold_a they_o think_v can_v not_o be_v inhabit_v as_o be_v so_o remote_a from_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n whereof_o one_o be_v comprehend_v within_o the_o arctique_a circle_n and_o the_o other_o within_o the_o antaâ—…ctique_a but_o the_o other_o two_o be_v account_v temperate_a and_o therefore_o habitable_a the_o one_o of_o they_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o arctique_a circle_n and_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o other_o betwixt_o the_o antarctique_a and_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n neither_o do_v this_o opinion_n although_o in_o a_o manner_n general_o receive_v a_o among_o the_o ancient_n concern_v the_o number_n and_o bound_n of_o the_o zone_n even_o then_o want_v its_o opposition_n for_o parmenides_n will_v have_v that_o zone_n which_o they_o call_v the_o torrid_a to_o be_v extend_v far_o beyond_o the_o tropique_n so_o that_o he_o make_v it_o almost_o as_o large_a again_o as_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v but_o be_v withal_o reprehend_v for_o it_o by_o posidonius_n because_o he_o know_v that_o about_o half_a of_o that_o space_n which_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o our_o summer_n tropic_n and_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v inhabit_v so_o likewise_o aristotle_n terminate_v the_o torrid_a zone_n betwixt_o the_o tropique_n and_o the_o temperate_a zone_n with_o the_o tropique_n and_o the_o arctique_a and_o antarctique_a circle_n but_o he_o also_o be_v tax_v by_o the_o same_o posidonius_n in_o that_o he_o appoint_v the_o arctique_a circle_n which_o the_o greek_n will_v have_v to_o be_v mutable_a to_o be_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o zone_n polyibus_fw-la make_v six_o zone_n by_o divide_v the_o torrid_a into_o two_o part_n and_o reckon_v one_o of_o they_o from_o the_o winter_n tropic_n to_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o other_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o summer_n tropic_n other_o follow_v eratosthenes_n will_v have_v a_o certain_a narrow_a zone_n which_o shall_v be_v temperate_a and_o fit_a for_o habitation_n under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n oâ—…_n which_o opinion_n be_v avicen_n the_o arabian_a and_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a winter_n nicolaus_n lyranus_fw-la thomas_n aquinas_n and_o campanus_n i_o know_v not_o upon_o what_o ground_n will_v have_v the_o terrestrial_a paradise_n speak_v of_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o genesis_n to_o be_v place_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n and_o so_o likewise_o eratosthenes_n and_o polybius_n will_v have_v all_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o torrid_a zone_n to_o be_v temperate_a in_o like_a manner_n posidonius_n contradict_v the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n because_o he_o know_v that_o both_o syene_n which_o they_o place_n under_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o also_o aethiopia_n which_o lie_v more_o inward_a and_o over_o who_o head_n the_o sun_n lie_v long_o than_o it_o do_v upon_o they_o under_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v notwithstanding_o inhabit_v whence_o he_o conclude_v that_o the_o part_n under_o the_o aeqinoctiall_a be_v not_o inhabitable_a because_o he_o see_v â—…at_v those_o under_o the_o tropic_n want_v â—…ot_a inhabitant_n yet_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o 2_o book_z â—…d_v six_o chapter_n of_o his_o almageste_n conceive_v â—…hose_v thing_n which_o be_v prepare_v of_o the_o temperateness_n under_o the_o line_n to_o be_v rather_o conjecture_v then_o truth_n of_o story_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o his_o five_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n he_o describe_v we_o a_o country_n in_o aethiopia_n which_o he_o call_v agisymba_n and_o place_v far_o beyond_o thâ—…_n the_o equinoctial_a notwithstanding_o some_o of_o our_o modern_a geographer_n stick_v not_o to_o place_v it_o northward_o from_o the_o aequator_fw-la contrary_a to_o ptolemy_n mind_n this_o inconstancy_n of_o ptolemy_n have_v give_v occasion_n to_o some_o to_o suspect_v that_o the_o almage_a and_o cosmography_n be_v not_o the_o same_o author_n work_n now_o as_o concern_v these_o conceit_n of_o the_o ancient_n about_o the_o number_n of_o the_o intemperate_a zone_n if_o they_o be_v not_o sufficient_o prove_v to_o be_v vain_a and_o idle_a by_o the_o authority_n of_o eratosthenes_n and_o polybius_n yet_o certain_o it_o be_v very_o evident_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o navigation_n both_o of_o the_o portugall_n and_o also_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n that_o not_o only_o that_o tract_n of_o land_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v the_o torrid_a zone_n be_v full_o inhabit_v but_o also_o that_o within_o the_o arâ—…tique_a circle_n above_o 70_o degree_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la all_o place_n be_v full_a of_o inhabitant_n so_o that_o now_o no_o man_n needs_o to_o doubt_v any_o further_a of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o unless_o he_o have_v rather_o err_v with_o sacred_a and_o venerable_a antiquity_n then_o be_v better_o inform_v by_o the_o experience_n of_o modern_a age_n though_o never_o so_o strong_o back_v with_o undeniable_a proof_n and_o testimony_n pont_n whereas_o our_o author_n accuse_v ptolemy_n of_o inconstancy_n in_o that_o in_o his_o almage_a cap._n 6._o lib._n 2._o he_o account_v it_o a_o fahle_n rather_o than_o any_o true_a history_n whatsoever_o be_v report_v of_o the_o in_o hahitant_n under_o the_o aequator_fw-la where_o as_o in_o his_o geography_n lib._n 5._o cap._n ult_n he_o seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o same_o i_o think_v that_o pliny_n also_o be_v not_o free_a from_o the_o like_a fault_n
so_o likewise_o posidonius_n be_v to_o be_v blame_v for_o set_v down_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n to_o be_v 5000._o furlong_n and_o that_o from_o the_o relation_n of_o mariner_n whereas_o some_o of_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v but_o 4000_o and_o other_o 5000._o as_o eratosthenes_n confess_v in_o strabo_n but_o add_v moreover_o that_o he_o himself_o have_v find_v by_o sciotericall_a instrument_n that_o it_o be_v but_o 3750._o and_o strabo_n will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v something_o less_o than_o that_o namely_o 3640._o furlong_n so_o that_o hence_o â—…e_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o ptolemy_n opinion_n be_v ground_v upon_o the_o more_o exact_a and_o accurate_a dimension_n of_o distance_n as_o bimself_n profess_v must_v necessary_o come_v near_o the_o truth_n then_o the_o rest_n but_o franciscus_n maurolycus_n abbot_n of_o messava_n while_o he_o go_v about_o to_o defend_v posidonius_n against_o ptolemy_n be_v overtake_v himself_o in_o a_o error_n before_o he_o be_v aware_a for_o â—…e_n suspect_v the_o truth_n of_o ptolemy_n assignment_n of_o the_o latitude_n of_o rhodes_n which_o he_o set_v down_o to_o be_v thirty_o six_o degree_n and_o he_o advertise_v we_o that_o certain_o the_o number_n in_o his_o geographical_a table_n be_v corrupt_v which_o we_o confess_v be_v most_o certain_a but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n let_v we_o see_v how_o he_o prove_v they_o to_o be_v so_o in_o this_o latitude_n of_o rhodes_n posidonius_n say_v he_o out_o of_o his_o own_o observation_n set_v down_o the_o latitude_n of_o it_o to_o be_v thirty_o eight_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a unless_o that_o ptolemy_n be_v out_o also_o in_o design_v the_o latitude_n of_o alexandria_n which_o maurolycus_n think_v can_v possible_o be_v but_o we_o affirm_v on_o the_o contrary_a side_n that_o ptolemy_n himself_o be_v against_o this_o latitude_n not_o only_o in_o his_o geographical_a book_n but_o also_o in_o diverse_a place_n throughout_o the_o almage_a also_o and_o especial_o in_o the_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 6._o where_o he_o set_v down_o the_o same_o latitude_n for_o rhodes_n that_o he_o have_v in_o this_o geography_n add_v moreover_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o long_a day_n and_o also_o what_o manner_n of_o shadow_n the_o gnomonos_n cast_v both_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a as_o also_o in_o the_o tropic_n all_o which_o do_v plain_o prove_v the_o sâ—…me_n he_o also_o very_o often_o have_v the_o same_o latâ—…tude_n of_o it_o in_o his_o planisphaere_n unless_o you_o will_v say_v that_o either_o mass_n the_o arabian_a in_o translate_n it_o into_o arabic_a or_o else_o rodulphus_fw-la brugensis_n who_o translate_v the_o some_o again_o out_o of_o arabic_a into_o latin_a have_v 〈◊〉_d we_o hitherto_o therefore_o we_o stand_v on_o equal_a term_n but_o he_o proceed_v and_o say_v that_o this_o opinion_n of_o posidonius_n be_v favour_v also_o by_o proclus_n &_o the_o obseruâ—…tions_n of_o eudoxus_n cnidius_n deliver_v by_o strabo_n let_v we_o therefore_o see_v what_o all_o this_o be_v pâ—…sidonius_n say_v strabo_n report_v that_o himself_o be_v sometime_o in_o a_o city_n distant_a from_o the_o gaditan_a strait_o 400._o furlong_n see_v from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o high_a house_n a_o certain_a star_n which_o he_o take_v to_o be_v canobus_n and_o those_o that_o go_v thence_o more_o south_n ward_n from_o spain_n confess_v that_o they_o see_v it_o also_o plain_o now_o the_o tower_n cnidus_n out_o of_o which_o eudoxus_n be_v say_v to_o have_v see_v canobus_n be_v not_o much_o high_a than_o the_o other_o building_n but_o cnidus_n be_v in_o the_o same_o climate_n with_o rhodes_n as_o be_v also_o the_o gades_n with_o the_o sea_n coast_v adjoin_v thus_o strabo_n but_o what_o do_v he_o conclude_v hence_o against_o ptolemy_n that_o canobus_n may_v be_v see_v in_o cnidus_n we_o deny_v it_o not_o or_o that_o cnidus_n be_v in_o the_o rhodian_a climate_n ptolemy_n acknowledge_v as_o much_o for_o he_o make_v it_o to_o have_v not_o above_o 36._o gr_n 15._o m._n of_o latitude_n in_o the_o five_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n but_o be_v not_o ptolemy_n out_o also_o in_o assign_v the_o latitude_n of_o cnidus_n that_o the_o latitude_n of_o rhodes_n be_v no_o great_a than_o ptolemy_n have_v set_v it_o may_v be_v prove_v even_o out_o of_o proclus_n himself_n for_o he_o make_v the_o long_a day_n at_o rhodes_n to_o be_v 14._o hour_n and_o a_o half_a and_o ptolemy_n will_v have_v the_o same_o to_o be_v equal_a both_o at_o rhodes_n and_o cnidus_n and_o to_o this_o assent_v strabo_n likewise_o save_v only_o that_o in_o one_o place_n he_o set_v it_o down_o to_o be_v but_o 14._o hour_n bare_a so_o that_o by_o this_o reckon_n it_o shall_v have_v less_o latitude_n now_o proclus_n his_o word_n be_v these_o in_o the_o horizon_n of_o rhodes_n say_v he_o the_o summer_n tropic_n be_v divide_v by_o the_o horizon_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o that_o if_o the_o whole_a circle_n be_v divide_v into_o forty_o eight_o part_n twenty_o nine_o of_o the_o same_o do_v appear_v above_o the_o horizon_n and_o 19_o lie_v hide_v under_o the_o earth_n out_o of_o which_o division_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o long_a day_n at_o rhodes_n must_v be_v 14._o equinoctial_a hour_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o short_a night_n 9_o and_o a_o half_a thus_o he_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o posidonius_n his_o set_v down_o of_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o portion_n of_o the_o meridian_n intercept_v betwixt_o the_o vertical_a point_n oâ—…_n rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n may_v deceive_v pliny_n proclus_n and_o other_o yet_o alfraganus_n draw_v his_o second_o climate_n through_o cyprus_n and_o rhodes_n and_o make_v it_o to_o have_v the_o long_a day_n of_o 14._o hour_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o latitude_n 36._o gr_n two_o three_o so_o that_o there_o be_v but_o very_o small_a difference_n betwixt_o he_o and_o ptolemy_n and_o even_o maeurolycus_fw-la himself_o when_o in_o his_o cosmographical_a dâ—…alogues_n he_o number_v up_o the_o parallel_n hâ—…_n make_v that_o which_o pass_v through_o rhodes_n to_o have_v 36_o gr_n and_o a_o twelve_o of_o latitude_n herein_o differ_v something_o with_o the_o most_o â—…om_n posidonius_n eratosthenes_n his_o observation_n also_o do_v very_o much_o contradict_v posidonius_n for_o eratosthenes_n say_v that_o he_o find_v by_o sciotericall_a gnomon_n that_o the_o distance_n betwixt_o rhodes_n and_o alexandria_n be_v 3750._o furlong_n but_o let_v we_o examine_v this_o a_o little_a better_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n betwixt_o these_o two_o place_n he_o find_v scioterical_o after_o his_o manner_n to_o be_v something_o more_o than_o 5._o degree_n and_o to_o this_o difference_n according_a to_o his_o assume_v measure_n of_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o earth_n wherein_o he_o allow_v 700._o furlong_n to_o a_o degree_n he_o attribute_n 3650._o furlong_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o other_o way_n of_o work_v by_o sciotericall_a instrument_n that_o i_o know_v in_o find_v out_o the_o distance_n of_o furlong_n betwixt_o two_o place_n unless_o we_o first_o know_v the_o number_n of_o furlong_n agree_v either_o to_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o else_o to_o the_o part_n of_o it_o assign_v let_v we_o now_o see_v if_o we_o can_v prove_v out_o of_o the_o observation_n of_o eratosthenes_n himself_o that_o neither_o posidonius_n his_o opinion_n concern_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o earth_n circumference_n much_o less_o eratosthenes_n his_o own_o can_v be_v defend_v and_o here_o we_o shall_v not_o examine_v his_o observation_n of_o the_o difference_n of_o latitude_n betwixt_o alexandria_n and_o syene_n that_o so_o we_o may_v prove_v out_o of_o his_o own_o assumption_n that_o the_o whole_a compass_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v be_v above_o 241_o 620._o furlong_n as_o it_o it_o demonstrate_v by_o petrus_n nonius_n in_o his_o lib._n 2._o cap._n 18._o de_fw-fr navigatione_n neither_o do_v we_o inquire_v how_o true_o he_o have_v set_v down_o the_o distance_n of_o these_o two_o place_n to_o be_v 5000._o furlong_n whereas_o solinus_n reckon_v not_o from_o the_o very_a ocean_n to_o meroe_n above_o 620._o mile_n which_o be_v but_o 4960._o furlong_n now_o mercë_n be_v a_o a_o great_a deal_n far_o than_o syene_n neither_o will_v we_o question_v he_o at_o all_o concern_v the_o small_a difference_n that_o be_v betwixt_o he_o and_o pliny_n who_o reckon_v from_o the_o island_n elephantina_n which_o be_v 3._o mile_n below_o the_o last_o cataract_n and_o 16._o mile_n above_o syene_n to_o alexandria_n but_o 486._o mile_n so_o that_o by_o this_o reckon_n betwixt_o syene_n and_o alexandria_n there_o will_v not_o be_v above_o 4560._o furlong_n but_o we_o will_v proceed_v a_o contrary_a way_n to_o prove_v our_o assertion_n this_o one_o thing_n therefore_o we_o require_v to_o be_v grant_v we_o which_o be_v that_o look_v how_o great_a a_o space_n the_o sun_n diameter_n take_v up_o in_o
by_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n oâ—…_n casius_n in_o syria_n from_o who_o top_n the_o sun_n rise_v be_v discover_v about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n which_o be_v also_o relate_v by_o mela_n of_o that_o other_o casius_n in_o arabia_n but_o that_o all_o these_o relation_n be_v no_o other_o than_o mere_a fable_n be_v acute_o and_o solid_o prove_v by_o petrus_n noninus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o veâ—…y_a principle_n â—…f_a geometry_n as_o for_o that_o which_o eustathius_n write_v that_o hercules_n pillâ—…_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n calpe_n and_o abenna_n be_v celebrate_v by_o dionysius_n perlegetes_n for_o their_o miraculous_a height_n be_v plain_o absurd_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o these_o aâ—…ise_v not_o above_o a_o hundred_o ell_n in_o height_n which_o be_v but_o a_o furlong_n whereas_o the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n be_v report_v by_o strabo_n to_o equal_v that_o height_n and_o some_o tree_n in_o india_n be_v find_v to_o exceed_v it_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v the_o relation_n of_o those_o writer_n who_o in_o the_o same_o strabo_n affirm_v that_o there_o grow_v a_o tree_n by_o the_o river_n hyarotis_n that_o cast_v a_o shadow_n at_o noon_n five_o furlong_n long_o those_o fabulous_a narration_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v second_v by_o as_o vain_a report_n of_o our_o modern_a time_n and_o first_o of_o all_o scaliger_n write_v from_o other_o man_n relation_n that_o tenariff_n one_o of_o the_o canary_n island_n rise_v in_o height_n fifteen_o league_n which_o amount_v to_o above_o sixty_o mile_n but_o patricius_n not_o content_a with_o this_o measure_n stretchth_n it_o to_o seventy_o mile_n there_o be_v other_o hill_n in_o like_a manner_n cry_v up_o for_o their_o great_a height_n as_o namely_o the_o mountain_n andi_fw-la in_o peâ—…u_n and_o another_o in_o the_o isle_n pico_n among_o the_o azore_n island_n but_o yet_o both_o these_o fall_v short_a of_o tenariffe_n what_o credit_n the_o relation_n may_v desâ—…rve_v we_o will_v now_o examine_v and_o first_o for_o tenariffe_n it_o be_v report_v by_o many_o writer_n to_o be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o height_n that_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o whole_a world_n afford_v not_o a_o more_o eminent_a place_n nâ—…t_o exâ—…pting_v the_o mountain_n sloâ—…us_n it_o selâ—…_n which_o whether_o ever_o any_o other_o mortal_a man_n have_v see_v beside_o that_o monk_n of_o oxford_n who_o by_o his_o skill_n in_o magic_n convey_v himself_o into_o the_o utmost_a northern_a region_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o all_o the_o place_n about_o the_o pole_n as_o the_o story_n have_v it_o be_v more_o than_o i_o be_o able_a to_o determine_v yet_o that_o this_o isle_n can_v be_v so_o high_a as_o scaliger_n will_v have_v it_o we_o may_v be_v the_o more_o bold_a to_o believe_v because_o that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v scarce_o ever_o free_a from_o snow_n so_o that_o you_o shall_v have_v they_o cover_v all_o over_o with_o snow_n all_o the_o year_n long_o save_v only_o one_o or_o at_o the_o most_o two_o month_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n as_o may_v appear_v out_o of_o the_o spanish_a writer_n now_o that_o any_o sâ—…ow_n be_v generate_v 60_o or_o 70_o mile_n above_o the_o plain_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v more_o than_o they_o will_v ever_o persuade_v we_o see_v that_o the_o high_a vapourâ—…_n never_o rise_v above_o 48_o mile_n above_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o eratosthenes_n his_o measure_n but_o according_a to_o ptolemy_n they_o ascend_v not_o above_o 41_o mile_n notwithstanding_o cardan_n and_o some_o other_o profess_a mathematician_n be_v bold_a to_o raise_v they_o up_o to_o 288_o mile_n but_o with_o no_o smaâ—…_n stain_v of_o their_o name_n have_v they_o mix_v those_o trifle_n with_o their_o other_o write_n solinus_n report_v that_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n atlas_n reach_v very_o near_o as_o high_a as_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o he_o betray_v his_o own_o error_n in_o that_o he_o confess_v that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o shine_v with_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n not_o unlike_a to_o this_o be_v those_o thiâ—…gs_n which_o be_v report_v of_o the_o some_o mountain_n and_o its_o height_n by_o herodotus_n dionysius_n afer_n and_o his_o scholiast_n eustathius_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v in_o author_n coelorum_fw-la columen_fw-la the_o pillar_n that_o bear_v up_o the_o heaven_n but_o to_o let_v pass_v these_o vain_a prodigious_a relation_n let_v we_o come_v to_o those_o thing_n that_o seem_v to_o carry_v a_o great_a show_n of_o truth_n eratosthenes_n find_v by_o dioptricall_a instrument_n and_o measure_v the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o place_n of_o his_o observation_n that_o a_o perpendicular_a draw_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n down_o to_o the_o low_a bottom_n or_o valley_n do_v not_o exceed_v ten_o furlong_n cleomedes_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o hill_n find_v to_o be_v above_o fifteen_o furlongâ—…_n in_o height_n and_o so_o high_a as_o this_o be_v that_o vast_a steep_a rock_n in_o bactriana_n which_o be_v call_v sisimitrae_fw-la petra_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o the_o 11_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n the_o top_n of_o the_o thessalian_a mountatn_n be_v raiscd_v to_o a_o great_a height_n by_o solinus_n then_o ever_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o any_o hill_n to_o reach_v yet_o if_o we_o may_v belieu_v pliny_n dicaearchus_n be_v employ_v by_o the_o king_n command_n in_o the_o same_o business_n find_v that_o the_o height_n of_o pelion_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o exceed_v not_o 1250_o pase_n which_o be_v but_o ten_o furlong_n but_o to_o proceed_v yet_o a_o little_a further_o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v too_o spare_v herein_o and_o to_o restrain_v they_o within_o narrow_a limit_n than_o we_o ought_v we_o will_v add_v to_o the_o height_n of_o hill_n the_o depth_n also_o of_o the_o sea_n of_o which_o the_o illustrious_a julius_n scaliger_n in_o his_o 38._o exercitation_n against_o cardan_n write_v thus_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n say_v he_o be_v not_o very_o great_a for_o it_o seldom_o exceed_v 80_o paseâ—…_n in_o most_o place_n it_o be_v not_o 20_o pase_n and_o in_o many_o place_n not_o above_o six_o in_o few_o place_n it_o reach_v 100_o pase_n and_o very_a seldâ—…me_n or_o never_o exceed_v this_o number_n but_o because_o that_o fall_v very_o far_o short_a of_o the_o truth_n as_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o daily_a experience_n of_o those_o that_o pass_v the_o seâ—…s_n let_v we_o make_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n equal_a to_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n so_o that_o suppose_v the_o depth_n thereof_o to_o be_v ten_o furlong_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o saâ—…dinian_a sea_n in_o the_o deep_a place_n as_o posidonius_n in_o strabo_n affirm_v or_o if_o you_o please_v let_v it_o be_v fifteen_o furlong_n as_o cleomedes_n and_o fabianus_n cite_v by_o pliny_n lib._n 2._o c._n 102._o will_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o georg._n valla_n in_o his_o interpretation_n of_o cleomedes_n deal_v not_o fair_o with_o his_o author_n where_o he_o make_v he_o assign_v thirty_o furlong_n to_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o sea_n depth_n these_o ground_n be_v thus_o lay_v let_v we_o now_o see_v what_o proportion_n the_o height_n of_o hill_n may_v bear_v to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n that_o so_o we_o may_v hence_o gather_v that_o the_o extubcrancy_n of_o hill_n be_v able_a to_o detract_v little_a or_o nothing_o from_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o that_o this_o excrescency_n will_v be_v but_o like_o a_o little_a knob_v or_o dust_n upon_o a_o ball_n as_o cleomedes_n say_v for_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o be_v 180000_o furlong_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n account_n neither_o do_v ever_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_n assign_v a_o less_o measure_n than_o this_o as_o strabo_n witness_v the_o diameter_n thereof_o will_v be_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o a_o circle_n and_o its_o diameter_n find_v out_o by_o archimedes_n above_o 57272._o furlâ—…ng_n if_o then_o we_o grant_v the_o high_a hill_n to_o be_v ten_o furlong_n high_a according_a to_o eratosthenes_n and_o dicaearchus_n they_o will_v bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n â—…hat_o be_v betwixt_o one_o and_o 5727._o peucerus_n mistake_v himself_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o ten_o furlong_n be_v as_o 18000._o to_o one_o for_o this_o be_v the_o proportien_n it_o bear_v to_o the_o whole_a circumference_n and_o not_o the_o diameter_n or_o suppose_v the_o top_n of_o the_o â—…ighest_a hill_n to_o ascend_v to_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o â—…ifteene_a furlong_n as_o cleomedes_n will_v have_v it_o â—…he_o proportion_n then_o will_v be_v of_o one_o to_o 3818._o or_o if_o â—…ouplease_v let_v it_o be_v thirty_o furlong_n of_o which_o â—…height_n be_v
for_o whereas_o in_o his_o lib._n 6._o cap._n 22._o have_v discourse_v of_o the_o mâ—…gnitude_n of_o the_o isle_n taprobane_n which_o be_v now_o think_v to_o be_v sumatra_n and_o lie_v direct_o under_o the_o line_n out_o of_o eratosthenes_n and_o megasthenes_n he_o present_o add_v that_o beside_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o roman_n have_v better_a knowledge_n of_o the_o same_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emâ—…eror_n claudiuâ—…_n there_o be_v ambassador_n send_v from_o thence_o to_o rome_n who_o among_o other_o thing_n shall_v relate_v that_o with_o they_o gold_n &_o silver_n be_v in_o high_a account_n and_o that_o they_o have_v great_a wealth_n than_o the_o roman_n themselves_o but_o yet_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v great_a use_n of_o riches_n than_o they_o which_o word_n of_o pliny_n with_o many_o other_o there_o at_o large_a set_v down_o by_o he_o if_o they_o be_v but_o compare_v with_o what_o himself_o elsewhere_o write_v in_o his_o 2_o book_z chap._n 68_o he_o will_v be_v find_v manifest_o to_o contradict_v himself_o for_o dispute_v in_o this_o place_n and_o inquire_v how_o great_a a_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v inhabit_v tres_n say_v he_o terrae_fw-la part_n abstulisse_fw-la nobis_fw-la coelum_fw-la etc._n etc._n three_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o heaveus_fw-la have_v rob_v we_o of_o to_o wit_n the_o torrid_a or_o middle_a zone_n â—…bat_n be_v whatsoever_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o two_o tropique_n and_o the_o two_o outmost_a or_o frigid_a zone_n that_o be_v to_o say_v whatever_o ground_n lie_v betwixt_o either_o pole_n and_o the_o arctique_a and_o antarctique_a circle_n according_a to_o that_o which_o the_o poet_n sing_v of_o old_a quarum_fw-la quae_fw-la media_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la habita_fw-la bilis_fw-la aestu_fw-la nix_n tegit_fw-la alta_fw-la duos_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o be_v not_o inhabit_v through_o heat_n and_o two_o with_o snow_n be_v cover_v for_o this_o be_v that_o which_o pliny_n mean_v that_o those_o two_o outwardmost_a be_v not_o habitable_a by_o reason_n of_o extremity_n of_o â—…old_n nor_o the_o other_o through_o too_o violent_a heat_n but_o that_o which_o be_v more_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o in_o so_o great_a a_o author_n who_o not_o withstand_v indifferent_o take_v up_o aswell_o the_o common_a popular_a fable_n as_o the_o extravagant_a fixion_n of_o the_o poet_n also_o be_v that_o which_o he_o very_o confident_o relate_v out_o of_o corlius_fw-la nepos_n how_o that_o one_o eudoxus_n take_v ship_n in_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n come_v as_o far_o as_o the_o gades_n two_o isle_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o spain_n which_o voyage_n if_o we_o shall_v but_o thorough_o examine_v will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v as_o much_o 〈◊〉_d that_o all_o the_o fortugal_n and_o our_o countryman_n at_o this_o day_n perform_v in_o their_o sea_n voyage_n to_o the_o east_n indâ—…_n when_o as_o touch_v upon_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n they_o twice_o cross_v the_o line_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o whole_a torrid_a zone_n not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o that_o which_o he_o write_v in_o his_o first_o book_n twenty_o three_o chapter_n namely_o that_o there_o be_v never_o a_o year_n that_o india_n do_v not_o suck_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a empire_n at_o the_o least_o 500000._o sesterce_n by_o send_v in_o such_o commodity_n as_o they_o sell_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o a_o hundred_o time_n as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v worth_a in_o india_n and_o that_o there_o be_v yearly_a traffic_n by_o ship_n through_o the_o red_a sea_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v sane_a for_o their_o safe_a passage_n to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o pirate_n by_o go_v provide_v with_o band_n of_o archer_n and_o here_o all_o that_o can_v be_v say_v in_o pliny_n defence_n be_v thaâ—…those_n thing_n which_o he_o relate_v in_o this_o second_o book_n be_v write_v by_o he_o long_o before_o the_o rest_n which_o followeh_n and_o that_o at_o that_o time_n these_o indian_a voyage_n be_v not_o so_o frequent_o undertake_v or_o the_o passage_n so_o well_o know_v unto_o the_o roman_n especial_o for_o that_o in_o the_o book_n follow_v as_o namely_o the_o six_o book_n 17._o and_o 23._o chapter_n he_o say_v that_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o voyage_n from_o egypt_n into_o india_n begin_v but_o than_o first_o to_o be_v discover_v when_o as_o he_o be_v write_v the_o same_o and_o that_o seneca_n have_v not_o long_o before_o begin_v a_o description_n of_o india_n reckon_v up_o therein_o 60._o great_a river_n and_o 122._o nation_n to_o be_v contain_v within_o the_o same_o the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o habitablenesse_n and_o fortility_n of_o the_o part_n under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n iâ—…_n in_o that_o the_o sun_n shine_v upon_o they_o but_o 12._o hour_n so_o that_o the_o night_n be_v always_o as_o long_o as_o the_o day_n the_o coldness_n of_o the_o one_o do_v very_o much_o attemperate_a the_o excessive_a heat_n of_o the_o other_o in_o like_a manner_n that_o both_o the_o frigid_a zone_n be_v habitable_a be_v to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o sun_n which_o in_o his_o course_n through_o the_o six_o northern_a sign_n of_o the_o zodiaque_fw-la never_o set_v in_o six_o month_n space_n so_o those_o that_o live_v under_o 84_o degree_n of_o latitude_n so_o that_o by_o his_o continual_a preseneâ—…_n the_o extreme_a rigidity_n of_o the_o clime_n iâ—…_n mitigate_v and_o the_o cold_a by_o this_o mean_n dispel_v chap._n v._o of_o the_o amphiseij_fw-la hereroscij_fw-la and_o periscij_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n of_o these_o zone_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o noonshadowe_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o kind_n amphisâ—…ij_fw-la heteroscij_fw-la and_o periscij_fw-la those_o that_o inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o two_o tropiquâ—…s_n be_v call_v amphiscij_fw-la because_o that_o their_o noon_n shadow_n be_v diverse_o cast_v sometime_o towards_o the_o south_n as_o when_o the_o sun_n be_v more_o northward_o than_o their_o vertical_a point_n and_o sometime_o towards_o the_o north_n as_o when_o the_o sun_n decline_v southwaâ—…_n from_o their_o zenith_n those_o that_o live_v betwixt_o the_o tropique_n and_o aâ—…ct_n que_fw-fr circle_n be_v call_v heteroscij_fw-la because_o the_o shadow_n at_o noon_n be_v cast_v only_o one_o way_n and_o that_o â—…ither_o north_n or_o south_n for_o the_o sun_n never_o come_v far_a north_n than_o our_o summer_n tropic_n nor_o more_o southward_o than_o the_o winter_n tropic_n so_o that_o those_o that_o inhabit_v northward_o of_o the_o summer_n tropic_n have_v their_o shadow_n cast_v always_o towards_o the_o north_n as_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o dwell_v more_o southward_o than_o the_o winter_n tropic_n have_v their_o noon-shadow_n cast_v always_o coward_n the_o south_n those_o that_o inhabit_v betwixt_o the_o arctique_a or_o antarctique_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n be_v call_v periscij_fw-la because_o that_o the_o gnomon_n do_v cast_v their_o shadow_n circular_o and_o the_o reason_n hereos_fw-la it_o for_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v carry_v round_o about_o above_o their_o horizon_n in_o his_o whole_a diurnal_a revolution_n pont_n the_o heterosciall_a zone_n be_v therefore_o two_o fold_v either_o northern_a or_o southern_a the_o northern_a be_v comprehend_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o artik_a circle_n and_o â—…s_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d septentrionalis_n because_o that_o in_o it_o the_o sun_n beam_n at_o noon_n be_v always_o cast_v to_o that_o part_n only_o that_o byoth_v towards_o the_o â—…ole_a arctic_n the_o southern_a hetorosciall_a zone_n contain_v all_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n that_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n and_o uâ—…e_v antarctique_a circle_n and_o it_o be_v callâ—…d_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d meridonalis_fw-la because_o the_o noon_n shadow_n be_v projeâ—…ed_v towards_o the_o south_n pole_n only_o the_o property_n of_o these_o several_a zone_n be_v these_o that_o follow_v first_o they_o 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have_v
thing_n join_v â—…ther_o so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v doubt_v whether_o oâ—…_n no_o this_o name_n may_v not_o be_v as_o well_o apply_v to_o any_o two_o star_n stand_v close_o by_o one_o another_o and_o the_o the_o last_o bright_a star_n in_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v call_v acharnahar_n as_o if_o you_o shall_v say_v behind_o the_o river_n or_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o river_n and_o it_o be_v common_o call_v acarnar_n pont_n avienus_n call_v this_o river_n nilus_n in_o these_o verse_n of_o he_o pharium_fw-la pars_fw-la altera_fw-la nilum_n amne_fw-la commemorate_fw-la largo_fw-la sâ—…getes_n quòd_fw-la nutriat_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o the_o other_o part_n relate_v of_o fruitful_a nile_n who_o swell_a stream_n enrich_v the_o pharian_a i_o will_v and_o plautus_n also_o have_v a_o elegant_a periphrasis_n of_o the_o same_o in_o his_o trinummus_n scen._n huic_fw-la ego_fw-la where_o be_v speak_v thus_o ad_fw-la caput_fw-la amnis_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la coelo_fw-la 〈◊〉_d sub_fw-la solio_fw-la lovis_fw-la relate_v it_o as_o of_o a_o river_n that_o shall_v spring_v out_o in_o the_o heaven_n from_o under_o jupiter_n throne_n the_o forth_o be_v lepus_fw-la the_o hare_n in_o arabic_a alâ—…bet_n and_o it_o contain_v in_o all_o 12._o star_n the_o five_o be_v canis_n the_o dog_n alcheleb_n alachbar_n in_o arabic_a the_o great_a dog_n and_o alsahare_v aliemalija_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o right_a hand_n or_o southern_a dog_n which_o name_n alsabare_n which_o be_v also_o sometime_o write_v scera_n scaliger_n think_v be_v derive_v from_o a_o arabic_a word_n which_o signify_v the_o same_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o greek_a a_o disease_n that_o mad_a dog_n be_v trouble_v with_o when_o as_o they_o can_v endure_v to_o come_v near_o any_o water_n notwithstanding_o grotius_n be_v in_o doubt_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o shall_v not_o rather_o be_v elseiri_n and_o so_o derive_v from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o by_o this_o name_n be_v that_o notable_a bright_a star_n call_v which_o be_v in_o the_o dog_n mouth_n and_o be_v call_v in_o arabic_a gabbir_n or_o ecber_v and_o by_o corruption_n habor_n this_o constellation_n have_v in_o it_o 11._o star_n the_o six_o be_v the_o little_a dog_n call_v in_o greek_a procyon_n and_o in_o latin_a antecanis_n because_o it_o rise_v before_o the_o great_a dog_n the_o arabian_n call_v it_o alcheleb_n alasgar_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o lesser_a dog_n and_o alsahare_v alsemalija_o and_o common_o though_o corrupt_o algomeiza_n the_o left_a hand_n or_o northern_a dog_n this_o asterisme_n consist_v of_o two_o star_n only_o pont_n there_o be_v extant_a a_o noble_a witty_a epigram_n in_o ausonius_n of_o the_o celestial_a terestriall_a and_o marine_a dog_n which_o may_v have_v reference_n to_o this_o place_n also_o if_o so_o be_v that_o it_o be_v present_v in_o its_o proper_a meaning_n after_o this_o manner_n trinacrij_fw-la quondam_a currentem_fw-la in_o littoris_fw-la ora_fw-la antecanis_fw-la seporem_fw-la coeruleus_fw-la rapuit_fw-la 〈◊〉_d at_o lepus_fw-la in_o i_o omnis_fw-la terrae_fw-la pelagique_fw-la ruina_fw-la foâ—…i_fw-la a_o &_o doeli_fw-la si_fw-la canis_fw-la astra_fw-la tenet_fw-la in_o english_a thus_o at_o once_o a_o hare_n come_v light_o trip_v over_o the_o sandy_a bank_n of_o the_o trinacrian_a shore_n a_o dog_n fish_n catch_v she_o where_o at_o she_o reply_v land_n star_n and_o all_o be_v still_o my_o enemy_n nor_o shall_v 〈◊〉_d yet_o be_v more_o secure_a i_o fear_v in_o heaven_n itself_o if_o dog_n they_o bar_v bour_o there_o in_o which_o place_n antecanis_n coeruleus_fw-la in_o the_o second_o verse_n signify_v a_o sea-dog_n yet_o this_o place_n hitherto_o have_v common_o go_v thus_o ante_fw-la cane_n lepoâ—…m_n etc._n etc._n without_o any_o sense_n at_o all_o now_o the_o poet_n in_o this_o place_n use_v this_o word_n antecanis_n in_o â—…ation_n of_o tully_n who_o first_o of_o all_o latin_a author_n render_v procyon_n antecanis_n as_o manifest_o appear_v out_o of_o his_o translation_n of_o aratus_n into_o latin_a verse_n the_o seven_o be_v argo_n the_o ship_n in_o arabic_a alsephâ—…a_n now_o sephâ—…a_n signify_v ship_n it_o be_v also_o call_v merkâ—…b_n which_o signify_v a_o chariot_n according_a as_o the_o poet_n 〈◊〉_d usual_o call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d if_o one_o shall_v say_v a_o sea-chariot_n instead_o of_o a_o ship_n but_o the_o alsonsine_n give_v this_o appellation_n to_o that_o 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v the_o 6._o in_o number_n the_o whole_a asterisme_n contain_v in_o it_o 45._o star_n of_o all_o which_o that_o which_o be_v the_o last_o save_v one_o be_v call_v in_o a_o abique_fw-la sohel_n or_o syhel_n which_o signify_v ponderous_n or_o weighty_a which_o appellation_n they_o perhaps_o have_v give_v it_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n that_o bassus_n have_v another_o like_o it_o which_o be_v terrestris_fw-la because_o it_o always_o appear_v to_o they_o very_o low_a and_o near_o the_o earth_n the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d this_o star_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o hebrew_n chesil_n as_o christmannus_n be_v of_o opinion_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o then_o arâ—…as_v montanus_n be_v in_o a_o error_n in_o take_v it_o for_o orion_n in_o his_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o itinâ—…rary_a of_o benjamin_n tudelensis_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o aâ—…_n 〈◊〉_d call_v it_o a_o horse_n as_o prolomy_n affirm_v in_o his_o geogra_fw-la lib._n 5._o cap._n 7._o the_o eight_o be_v hydra_n in_o arabic_a alsugahh_n or_o asuta_n which_o signify_v strong_a or_o furious_a the_o aegyptinas_fw-la call_v it_o nilus_n as_o theon_n write_v in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o aratus_n it_o have_v in_o it_o 25._o star_n beside_o two_o unformed_a the_o 12._o of_o which_o the_o alphonsine_n call_v alphart_n the_o nine_o be_v crater_n the_o cup_n in_o arabic_a albatina_fw-la and_o elkis_n which_o signify_v a_o goblet_n or_o stand_v cup._n it_o have_v in_o it_o 7_o star_n the_o ten_o be_v corvus_n the_o crow_n algorab_n in_o arabic_a consist_v of_o 7._o star_n the_o eleven_o be_v centaurus_n the_o centaur_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n in_o arabic_a it_o contain_v 37._o star_n among_o which_o those_o that_o be_v in_o his_o hinder_a foot_n be_v the_o star_n that_o make_v up_o the_o cross_n so_o much_o celebrate_v in_o the_o spanish_a navigation_n the_o twelve_o be_v fera_fw-fr the_o wild_a beast_n call_v in_o arabic_a asida_n signify_v a_o lioness_n and_o alsubahh_n which_o also_o be_v take_v for_o a_o wolf_n or_o other_o ravenous_a beast_n to_o this_o constellation_n they_o reckon_v 19_o star_n the_o thirteen_o be_v ara_n or_o thuribulum_n the_o altar_n or_o censer_n in_o arabic_a almugamra_n bassus_n call_v it_o sacrarium_fw-la it_o contain_v 7._o star_n the_o fourteen_o be_v corona_n australis_fw-la the_o south_n crown_n in_o arabic_a alachil_n algenubi_fw-la it_o consist_v of_o 13._o star_n make_v up_o a_o double_a wreath_n according_a to_o alfraganus_n yet_o theon_n reckon_v but_o 12._o in_o it_o the_o fifteen_o be_v piscis_fw-la austrinus_fw-la the_o south_n fish_n ahaut_n algenubi_fw-la in_o arabic_a it_o containtain_v in_o it_o 12._o star_n in_o ptolemy_n account_n but_o 11_o only_o according_a to_o alfraganus_n among_o which_o the_o bright_a one_o that_o be_v in_o his_o mouth_n be_v callâ—…d_v phom_n ahut_v that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o mouth_n of_o the_o fish_n and_o common_o by_o corruption_n fomahant_n there_o be_v also_o describe_v in_o the_o celestial_a globe_n a_o certain_a broad_a zone_n or_o circle_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o milk_n which_o represent_v that_o which_o appeareâ—…h_v in_o the_o heavenâ—…_n and_o be_v common_o call_v via_fw-la lactea_fw-la â—…he_o milkev_v way_n which_o zone_n or_o circle_n be_v nâ—…t_o draw_v regular_o or_o equal_o either_o in_o respect_n of_o latitude_n colour_n or_o frequency_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v differenc_n and_o various_a bâ—…th_v in_o â—…rm_n and_o â—…tion_n in_o â—…ome_a place_n appear_v but_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d circle_n and_o again_o in_o other_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v divide_v in_o two_o part_n the_o delineation_n wheâ—…eof_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o globe_n and_o the_o dâ—…scription_n more_o large_o set_v down_o by_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o aâ—…megest_v lib._n 8._o cap._n 2._o pont_n this_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n have_v in_o it_o 7_o star_n of_o the_o first_o magnitude_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v in_o the_o right_a shoulder_n of_o oriâ—…n_n the_o second_o in_o his_o left_a scot_n the_o three_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o river_n eridanus_n the_o four_o in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o great_a dog_n which_o they_o call_v siriuâ—…_n the_o sifih_o in_o the_o thigh_n of_o the_o little_a dog_n call_v procyon_n the_o six_o be_v canobus_n in_o the_o ship_n argo_n and_o the_o seven_o be_v in_o the_o right_a foot_n of_o the_o câ—…ntaure_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v of_o the_o second_o magnitude_n 18._o of_o the_o three_o 60._o of_o the_o four_o 168._o of_o the_o five_o
it_o decrease_v till_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n where_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o just_a situation_n of_o the_o true_a meridian_n near_o to_o a_o certain_a river_n which_o for_o this_o cause_n be_v call_v by_o the_o portugall_n rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr agulias_n and_o all_o this_o deviation_n be_v towad_v the_o east_n all_o this_o we_o have_v have_v certain_a proof_n and_o experience_n of_o and_o that_o by_o as_o accurate_a observation_n as_o those_o instrument_n which_o be_v use_v in_o navigation_n will_v afford_v and_o the_o same_o examine_v and_o caculate_v according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o spherical_a triangle_n so_o that_o we_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o suspect_v the_o truth_n of_o many_o of_o these_o tradition_n which_o be_v common_o deliver_v concern_v the_o deflection_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o namely_o whereas_o they_o report_v that_o under_o that_o meridian_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o azore_n it_o exact_o respect_v the_o true_a meridian_n and_o that_o about_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o brasilia_n the_o north_n point_n of_o the_o needle_n decline_v towards_o the_o west_n as_o some_o affirm_v we_o have_v find_v this_o to_o be_v false_a and_o whereas_o they_o report_v that_o at_o new-found_a land_n it_o decline_v towards_o the_o west_n above_o 22_o degree_n we_o very_o much_o suspect_v the_o truth_n hereof_o because_o that_o this_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o to_o agree_v with_o the_o observation_n we_o have_v make_v concern_v the_o variation_n about_o 11._o degree_n near_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o i_o be_o so_o confident_a as_o of_o nothing_o more_o it_o therefore_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o idle_a fancy_n of_o they_o who_o look_v to_o find_v some_o certain_a point_n which_o the_o needle_n shall_v always_o respect_v and_o that_o either_o on_o the_o earth_n as_o namely_o some_o certain_a magnetical_a mountain_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o arctic_a pole_n or_o else_o in_o the_o heaven_n as_o namely_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o little_a bear_n as_o cardan_n think_v or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o that_o very_a meridian_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o azore_n and_o about_o sixteen_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a beyond_o the_o north_n pole_n as_o mercator_n will_v have_v it_o and_o therefore_o there_o it_o no_o heed_n to_o be_v take_v to_o they_o neither_o who_o conceive_v that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o certain_a way_n find_v out_o of_o calculate_v the_o longitude_n of_o place_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o deflection_n of_o the_o needle_n which_o i_o can_v wish_v they_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o indeed_o it_o may_v be_v do_v be_v there_o any_o certain_a point_n that_o it_o shall_v always_o respect_v but_o to_o leave_v this_o discourse_n let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o the_o quantity_n of_o this_o declination_n of_o the_o needle_n may_v be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o globe_n for_o any_o place_n of_o know_a latitude_n and_o first_o you_o must_v provide_v you_o of_o some_o instrument_n by_o which_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n azimuth_n from_o the_o situation_n of_o a_o needle_n our_o mariner_n common_o use_v a_o nautical_a compass_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o hundred_o sixty_o degree_n have_v a_o thread_n place_v crosse-wise_a over_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o instrument_n to_o cast_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o same_o this_o instrument_n be_v call_v by_o our_o mariner_n the_o compass_n of_o variation_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a convenient_a instrument_n for_o the_o same_o use_n but_o yet_o i_o can_v wish_v that_o it_o be_v make_v with_o some_o more_o care_n and_o accurateness_n then_o common_o it_o be_v with_o this_o or_o the_o like_a instrument_n you_o must_v observe_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n azimuth_n for_o any_o time_n or_o place_n from_o the_o projection_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n now_o we_o have_v before_o show_v how_o to_o find_v out_o how_o much_o the_o vertical_a circle_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o difference_n that_o there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n and_o from_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o needle_n be_v the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n beside_o we_o have_v already_o show_v how_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v find_v if_o therefore_o by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o or_o the_o like_a instrument_n it_o be_v observe_v as_o we_o have_v say_v how_o many_o degree_n the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v from_o those_o point_n in_o the_o compass_n that_o answer_n to_o the_o east_n or_o west_n you_o shall_v in_o like_a manner_n have_v the_o deviation_n of_o the_o needle_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n if_o it_o have_v any_o at_o all_o pont_n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o set_v down_o that_o which_o joseph_n scaliger_n sometime_o upon_o occasion_n offer_v write_v unto_o david_n rivaldus_fw-la concern_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n this_o epistle_n of_o he_o be_v extant_a among_o those_o epistle_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o at_o paris_n with_o some_o other_o of_o his_o work_n anno_fw-la 1610._o and_o because_o that_o there_o be_v something_o in_o the_o same_o that_o concern_v the_o controversy_n of_o the_o praecession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n i_o will_v set_v down_o very_a near_o the_o whole_a epistle_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v literas_fw-la tuas_fw-la cum_fw-la maxima_fw-la voluptate_fw-la etc._n etc._n your_o letter_n i_o have_v receceive_v and_o with_o very_o great_a satisfaction_n and_o delight_n wherein_o i_o perceive_v two_o thing_n chief_o to_o be_v insist_v upon_o which_o be_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n and_o the_o precession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n in_o my_o former_a letter_n i_o make_v mention_v indeed_o of_o the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o intention_n rather_o to_o discover_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o then_o to_o proclaim_v my_o own_o for_o i_o only_o make_v a_o bare_a proposal_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o no_o dogmatic_a position_n that_o so_o iâ—…_n the_o say_a declination_n be_v to_o be_v examine_v by_o the_o meridian_n add_v the_o meridian_n according_a to_o my_o hypothesis_n be_v movable_a that_o then_o our_o astronomer_n and_o navigator_n shall_v see_v whether_o or_o no_o there_o may_v not_o some_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o so_o manifest_a disagreement_n be_v discover_v out_o of_o this_o essay_n of_o i_o for_o i_o will_v not_o have_v propose_v it_o only_o have_v i_o be_v certain_o assure_v of_o it_o but_o will_v rather_o have_v endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v by_o demonstration_n whether_o therefore_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o which_o i_o desire_v shall_v be_v search_v for_o out_o of_o my_o hypothesis_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v some_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v all_o one_o to_o i_o but_o the_o investigation_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o this_o matter_n for_o we_o must_v first_o dispute_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o magnet_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o it_o always_o to_o respect_v the_o north_n point_n and_o if_o so_o yet_o see_v that_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o term_n propose_v so_o many_o degree_n we_o be_v next_o to_o inquire_v whence_o this_o uariation_n proceed_v which_o certain_o can_v be_v assign_v to_o no_o other_o thing_n then_o to_o the_o meridian_n but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o urge_v this_o question_n any_o far_o we_o must_v consult_v with_o those_o author_n that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o magnet_n and_o especial_o with_o william_n gilbert_n of_o colchester_n a_o philosopher_n and_o practitioner_n of_o physic_n in_o london_n who_o about_o three_o year_n since_o put_v forth_o three_o large_a book_n of_o the_o same_o subject_n wherein_o he_o have_v discover_v to_o i_o his_o own_o learning_n rather_o than_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o magnet_n for_o now_o i_o be_o more_o in_o doubt_n than_o before_o the_o other_o part_n of_o your_o letter_n be_v concern_v the_o praecession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n it_o be_v observe_v first_o of_o all_o by_o hypparchus_n out_o of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n of_o aristarchus_n saminus_fw-la conon_n and_o timocharcis_o that_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n be_v go_v go_v forward_o into_o the_o precedent_a part_n because_o that_o he_o have_v find_v that_o the_o four_o point_n equinoctial_a and_o solsticiall_a be_v far_o off_o from_o the_o star_n assign_v for_o the_o same_o than_o they_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o astronomer_n which_o when_o he_o see_v be_v doubt_v not_o forthwith_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o aequinostiall_a point_n be_v immovable_a