the_o eastern_a and_o western-side_n of_o the_o horizon_n as_o also_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o the_o index_n will_v point_v at_o those_o various_a time_n the_o particular_a hour_n of_o her_o rise_n set_v and_o sothe_v prob._n 41._o the_o day_n and_o hour_n of_o either_o a_o solar_a or_o lunar_a eclipse_n be_v know_v to_o find_v by_o the_o globe_n all_o those_o place_n in_o which_o the_o same_o will_v be_v visible_a mark_v the_o sun_n place_n in_o the_o 6._o ecliptic_a for_o the_o give_v day_n as_o also_o the_o opposite_a point_n thereto_o which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n at_o that_o time_n then_o find_v 38._o that_o place_n of_o the_o globe_n to_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v vertical_a at_o the_o give_v hour_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o pole_n or_o vertical_a point_n of_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n and_o fix_v the_o globe_n in_o that_o situation_n observe_v what_o place_n be_v in_o the_o upper_a hemisphere_n for_o in_o most_o of_o they_o will_v the_o sun_n be_v visible_a during_o his_o eclipse_n as_o for_o the_o lunar_a eclipse_n you_o be_v to_o find_v 9_o the_o antipode_n of_o that_o place_n which_o have_v the_o sun_n vertical_a at_o the_o give_v hour_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n observe_v as_o former_o what_o place_n be_v in_o the_o upper_a hemisphere_n of_o the_o globe_n for_o in_o such_o will_v the_o moon_n be_v visible_a during_o her_o eclipse_n except_o those_o that_o be_v very_o near_o unto_o or_o actual_o in_o the_o horizon_n prob._n 42._o a_o place_n be_v give_v on_o the_o globe_n to_o find_v the_o true_a situation_n thereof_o from_o all_o other_o place_n desire_v or_o how_o it_o bear_v in_o respect_n of_o such_o place_n the_o various_a place_n desire_v which_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v some_o of_o those_o that_o lie_v upon_o the_o intermediate_v point_n of_o the_o compass_n be_v pitch_a upon_o bring_v the_o give_v place_n to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o elevate_v the_o pole_n according_a to_o its_o latitude_n and_o fix_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n in_o the_o zenith_n apply_v the_o same_o successive_o to_o the_o place_n desire_v and_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o say_a quadrant_n will_v intersect_v the_o wooden_a horizon_n at_o those_o various_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n inscribe_v upon_o the_o say_a circle_n according_a to_o the_o true_a bear_n of_o the_o give_v place_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o place_n desire_v prob._n 43._o a_o place_n be_v give_v on_o the_o globe_n to_o find_v all_o other_o place_n that_o be_v situate_v from_o the_o same_o upon_o any_o desire_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n elevate_v the_o pole_n according_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o give_v place_n and_o bring_v the_o say_a place_n to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o fix_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n in_o the_o zenith_n apply_v the_o low_a part_n thereof_o to_o the_o desire_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n upon_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n and_o observe_v what_o place_n be_v exact_o under_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o say_a quadrant_n for_o those_o be_v the_o place_n that_o be_v situate_v from_o or_o bear_v off_o the_o give_v place_n according_a to_o the_o desire_a point_n of_o the_o compass_n prob._n 44._o two_o place_n be_v give_v on_o the_o globe_n to_o find_v the_o true_a distance_n between_o they_o the_o two_o place_n give_v must_v of_o necessity_n lie_v under_o either_o the_o same_o meridian_n the_o same_o parallel_n of_o latitude_n or_o else_o differ_v both_o in_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n 1._o if_o they_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n then_o bring_v they_o both_o to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o observe_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n of_o latitude_n comprehend_v between_o they_o which_o be_v reduce_v into_o league_n or_o mile_n will_v give_v the_o distance_n require_v 2._o if_o they_o lie_v under_o the_o same_o parallel_n of_o latitude_n then_o bring_v they_o separately_z to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o observe_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n between_o they_o upon_o the_o equator_fw-la which_o do_v enter_v the_o table_n page_v 9_o with_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o give_v place_n and_o see_v thereby_o how_o many_o mile_n in_o that_o parallel_n be_v answerable_a to_o one_o degree_n in_o the_o equator_fw-la multiply_v those_o mile_n by_o the_o aforesaid_a number_n of_o degree_n upon_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o the_o product_n will_v give_v the_o distance_n require_v but_o last_o if_o the_o two_o place_n give_v do_v differ_v both_o in_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n then_o bring_v one_o of_o they_o to_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o extend_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n to_o the_o other_o observe_v upon_o the_o say_a quadrant_n the_o number_n of_o degree_n between_o they_o which_o be_v reduce_v into_o league_n or_o mile_n will_v give_v the_o distance_n require_v this_o three_o case_n of_o the_o problem_n be_v most_o considerable_a and_o occur_v more_o frequent_o than_o the_o other_o two_o we_o shall_v here_o annex_v another_o way_n of_o perform_v the_o same_o beside_o the_o globe_n and_o that_o be_v by_o resolve_v a_o spherical_a triangle_n two_o side_n whereof_o viz._n the_o compliment_n of_o the_o different_a latitude_n or_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o give_v place_n from_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o only_o give_v but_o also_o the_o angle_n comprehend_v between_o they_o it_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o longitude_n by_o which_o side_n and_o angle_n give_v we_o may_v very_o easy_o find_v the_o three_o side_n by_o the_o note_a rule_n in_o trigonometry_n which_o three_o side_n be_v the_o distance_n require_v prob._n 45._o a_o place_n be_v give_v on_o the_o globe_n and_o its_o true_a distance_n from_o a_o second_o place_n to_o find_v thereby_o all_o other_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v of_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o give_v place_n bring_v the_o give_v place_n to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n and_o elevate_v the_o pole_n according_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o say_a place_n then_o fix_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n in_o the_o zenith_n and_o reckon_v upon_o the_o say_a quadrant_n the_o give_v distance_n between_o the_o first_o and_o second_o place_n provide_v the_o same_o be_v under_o 90_o degree_n otherwise_o you_o must_v use_v the_o semicircle_n of_o position_n and_o make_v a_o mark_n where_o the_o reckon_a end_n and_o move_v the_o say_a quadrant_n or_o semicircle_n quite_o round_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o globe_n all_o place_n pass_v under_o that_o mark_n be_v those_o desire_v prob._n 46._o the_o latitude_n of_o two_o place_n be_v give_v and_o how_o one_o of_o they_o bear_v off_o the_o other_o to_o find_v thereby_o the_o true_a distance_n between_o they_o for_o the_o solution_n of_o this_o problem_n suppose_v the_o first_o meridian_n to_o be_v the_o true_a meridian_n of_o one_o of_o the_o give_v place_n particular_o that_o who_o bearing_n be_v unknown_a upon_o the_o upper_a semicircle_n of_o that_o meridian_n mark_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o say_a place_n then_o elevate_v the_o pole_n according_a to_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o other_o place_n and_o fix_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n in_o the_o zenith_n extend_v the_o same_o to_o the_o give_v point_n of_o the_o compass_n upon_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n and_o turn_v the_o globe_n about_o till_o the_o point_n mark_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a meridian_n coincide_v with_o the_o say_a quadrant_n which_o do_v reckon_v upon_o that_o quadrant_n the_o number_n of_o degree_n between_o that_o point_n mark_v in_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o the_o vertical_a point_n which_o degree_n be_v convert_v into_o league_n or_o mile_n will_v give_v the_o distance_n require_v prob._n 47._o the_o longitude_n of_o two_o place_n be_v give_v as_o also_o the_o latitude_n of_o one_o of_o they_o and_o its_o bear_v from_o the_o other_o to_o find_v thereby_o the_o true_a distance_n between_o they_o for_o the_o solution_n of_o this_o problem_n suppose_v the_o first_o meridian_n to_o be_v the_o true_a meridian_n of_o the_o place_n who_o latitude_n be_v unknown_a reckon_v from_o that_o meridian_n upon_o the_o equator_fw-la the_o number_n of_o degree_n equal_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o longitude_n of_o the_o two_o place_n and_o make_v a_o mark_n where_o the_o reckon_a end_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o brazen_a meridian_n which_o represent_v the_o meridian_n of_o the_o second_o place_n reckon_v upon_o it_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o give_v latitude_n and_o fix_v the_o globe_n in_o that_o situation_n raise_v the_o pole_n according_a to_o that_o latitude_n and_o fix_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n in_o the_o zenith_n extend_v the_o other_o extremity_n thereof_o to_o the_o give_v point_n of_o the_o compass_n upon_o the_o wooden_a horizon_n the_o globe_n continue_v in_o this_o position_n observe_v that_o
and_o parallel_v to_o the_o equator_fw-la be_v term_v parallel_n of_o latitude_n but_o beside_o those_o actual_o inscribe_v we_o be_v to_o conceive_v the_o globe_n as_o furnish_v with_o a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o such_o circle_n for_o every_o degree_n of_o latitude_n yea_o and_o every_o sixty_v part_n of_o each_o degree_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v a_o imaginary_a parallel_n circle_n pass_v through_o the_o same_o but_o since_o latitude_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o either_o of_o the_o pole_n it_o from_o hence_o follow_v that_o the_o great_a latitude_n consist_v of_o 90_o degree_n now_o correspondent_a to_o each_o of_o those_o degree_n or_o the_o 1_o 360_o of_o a_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o heaven_n be_v a_o certain_a space_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v every_o where_o of_o the_o same_o extent_n in_o itself_o but_o different_a in_o its_o number_n of_o part_n according_a to_o the_o different_a reckon_n of_o various_a country_n to_o know_v the_o say_v different_a number_n of_o part_n of_o what_o sort_n soever_o whether_o they_o be_v miles_n league_n or_o other_o measure_n correspond_v to_o one_o degree_n in_o the_o heaven_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o the_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o true_a distance_n of_o place_n in_o different_a country_n we_o shall_v therefore_o illustrate_v the_o same_o and_o that_o by_o the_o follow_a table_n answerable_a to_o one_o degree_n be_v common_a italian_a english_a and_o turkish_a miles_n 60_o ordinary_a french_a league_n 20_o spanish_a mile_n according_a to_o vulgar_a reckon_n 17½_n german_n dutch_a danish_a and_o great_a poland_n miles_n 15_o mile_n usual_a in_o swedeland_n 12_o mile_n usual_a in_o hungary_n 10_o the_o verst_n of_o muscovy_n 80_o persian_a arabtan_a and_o egyptian_a parasanga_n 20_o the_o indian_a cos._n 24_o the_o stade_n of_o china_n 250_o the_o inks_n of_o japan_n 400_o but_o here_o note_v that_o though_o these_o be_v the_o most_o remarkable_a measure_n of_o distance_n throughout_o the_o inhabit_a world_n with_o their_o respective_a proportion_n to_o one_o degree_n in_o the_o heaven_n yet_o we_o be_v not_o to_o imagine_v that_o these_o measure_n be_v of_o the_o same_o extent_n in_o the_o various_a province_n of_o the_o same_o country_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o different_a length_n of_o league_n in_o different_a part_n of_o france_n as_o also_o the_o diversity_n of_o miles_n in_o the_o south_n and_o north_n of_o england_n def._n 15._o longitude_n be_v the_o distance_n from_o the_o first_o meridian_n and_o measure_v upon_o the_o equator_fw-la in_o reckon_v the_o various_a degree_n of_o longitude_n which_o be_v 360_o in_o all_o you_o be_v to_o begin_v at_o the_o first_o meridian_n wherever_o it_o be_v and_o to_o proceed_v upon_o the_o equator_fw-la quite_o round_o the_o globe_n correspondent_n to_o each_o of_o those_o degree_n in_o the_o equator_fw-la as_o to_o degree_n of_o latitude_n on_o the_o meridian_n be_v sixty_o italian_a mile_n or_o twenty_o french_a league_n according_a to_o vulgar_a calculation_n but_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v only_o of_o place_n exact_o under_o the_o equator_fw-la for_o the_o true_a distance_n between_o two_o place_n lie_v due_a east_n and_o west_n in_o any_o considerable_a latitude_n be_v far_o less_o in_o miles_n than_o between_o other_o two_o place_n lie_v exact_o under_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o likewise_o under_o the_o same_o meridian_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v most_o evident_a namely_o the_o approach_a of_o the_o meridian_n near_a and_o near_o to_o one_o another_o till_o at_o last_o they_o unite_v all_o in_o the_o pole_n but_o that_o you_o may_v ready_o find_v the_o true_a distance_n in_o miles_n from_o east_n to_o west_n between_o any_o two_o place_n in_o any_o parallel_n of_o latitude_n we_o shall_v here_o subjoin_v the_o follow_a table_n in_o which_o be_v set_v down_o to_o every_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o exact_a number_n of_o miles_n and_o sixty_v part_n of_o a_o mile_n that_o be_v answerable_a to_o one_o degree_n in_o the_o equator_fw-la still_o allow_v sixty_o italian_a mile_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n lat._n m._n s_o lat._n m_o s_z lat_z m._n s_o lat._n m._n s_o 0_o 60_o 00_o 23_o 55_o 12_o 46_o 41_o 40_o 69_o 21_o 32_o 1_o 59_o 56_o 24_o 54_o 48_o 47_o 41_o 00_o 70_o 20_o 32_o 2_o 59_o 54_o 25_o 54_o 24_o 48_o 40_o 08_o 71_o 19_o 32_o 3_o 59_o 52_o 26_o 54_o 00_o 49_o 39_o 20_o 72_o 18_o 32_o 4_o 59_o 50_o 27_o 53_o 28_o 50_o 38_o 32_o 73_o 17_o 32_o 5_o 59_o 46_o 28_o 53_o 00_o 51_o 37_o 44_o 74_o 16_o 32_o 6_o 59_o 40_o 29_o 52_o 28_o 52_o 37_o 00_o 75_o 15_o 32_o 7_o 59_o 37_o 30_o 51_o 56_o 53_o 36_o 08_o 76_o 14_o 32_o 8_o 59_o 24_o 31_o 51_o 24_o 54_o 35_o 26_o 77_o 13_o 32_o 9_o 59_o 10_o 32_o 50_o 52_o 55_o 34_o 24_o 78_o 12_o 32_o 10_o 59_o 00_o 33_o 50_o 20_o 56_o 33_o 32_o 79_o 11_o 28_o 11_o 58_o 52_o 34_o 49_o 44_o 57_o 32_o 40_o 80_o 10_o 24_o 12_o 58_o 40_o 35_o 49_o 08_o 58_o 31_o 48_o 81_o 9_o 20_o 13_o 58_o 28_o 36_o 48_o 32_o 59_o 31_o 00_o 82_o 8_o 20_o 14_o 58_o 12_o 37_o 47_o 56_o 60_o 30_o 00_o 83_o 7_o 20_o 15_o 58_o 00_o 38_o 47_o 16_o 61_o 29_o 04_o 84_o 6_o 12_o 16_o 57_o 40_o 39_o 46_o 36_o 62_o 28_o 08_o 85_o 5_o 12_o 17_o 57_o 20_o 40_o 46_o 00_o 63_o 27_o 12_o 86_o 4_o 12_o 18_o 57_o 04_o 41_o 45_o 16_o 64_o 26_o 16_o 87_o 3_o 12_o 19_o 56_o 44_o 42_o 44_o 36_o 65_o 25_o 20_o 88_o 2_o 04_o 20_o 56_o 24_o 43_o 43_o 52_o 66_o 24_o 24_o 89_o 1_o 04_o 21_o 56_o 00_o 44_o 43_o 08_o 67_o 23_o 28_o 90_o 0_o 00_o 22_o 55_o 36_o 45_o 42_o 24_o 68_o 22_o 32_o def_n 16._o zone_n be_v large_a tract_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n lie_v parallel_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o distinguish_v by_o the_o four_o lesser_a circle_n of_o the_o globe_n they_o be_v term_v zone_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d zona_fw-la vel_fw-la cingulum_n because_o they_o encompass_v the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o some_o manner_n as_o a_o girdle_n do_v surround_v the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n and_o be_v in_o number_n five_o viz._n two_o frigid_a comprehend_v between_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n two_o temperate_a the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o tropic_n one_o torrid_a the_o two_o tropic_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o equator_fw-la of_o these_o the_o ancient_n imagine_v only_o the_o two_o temperate_a to_o be_v habitable_a esteem_v the_o scorch_a heat_n of_o the_o torrid_a and_o pinch_v cold_a of_o the_o two_o frigid_a to_o be_v equal_o intolerable_a according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o poet_n quarum_fw-la quae_fw-la media_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la habitabilis_fw-la aestu_fw-la nix_n tegit_fw-la alta_fw-la dvas_fw-la ovid._n metam_fw-la 1._o def._n 17._o climate_n be_v those_o tract_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n bound_v by_o imaginary_a circle_n run_v parallel_n to_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o of_o such_o a_o breadth_n from_o south_n to_o north_n that_o the_o length_n of_o the_o artificial_a day_n in_o one_o surpass_v that_o in_o the_o other_o by_o half_a a_o hour_n they_o be_v term_v climate_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d declino_n well_fw-mi inclino_n because_o in_o number_v of_o they_o they_o decline_v from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o incline_v to_o either_o pole_n not_o to_o mention_v what_o the_o ancient_n teach_v of_o climate_n either_o as_o to_o their_o number_n or_o manner_n of_o reckon_v they_o it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o our_o present_a purpose_n to_o consider_v that_o modern_a geographer_n have_v advance_v the_o number_n of_o they_o to_o 60._o from_o the_o equator_fw-la to_o each_o of_o the_o polar_a circle_n be_v 24_o arise_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o ½_o hour_n in_o the_o long_a day_n and_o from_o the_o polar_a circle_n to_o the_o pole_n themselves_o be_v six_o arise_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o a_o entire_a month_n the_o sun_n be_v see_v in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o a_o whole_a month_n without_o set_v in_o the_o second_o two_o and_o in_o the_o three_o three_o month_n etc._n etc._n how_o all_o these_o climate_n be_v frame_v viz._n the_o true_a parallel_n of_o latitude_n in_o which_o they_o end_v that_o be_v likewise_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o follow_a with_o the_o respective_a breadth_n of_o each_o of_o they_o you_o may_v clear_o see_v by_o the_o follow_a table_n climate_n climate_n between_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o polar_a circle_n d._n m._n d._n m_o clim_n d._n m._n d._n m._n par._n of_o lat._n breadth_n par._n of_o lat._n breadth_n 1_o 08_o 25_o 8_o 25_o 13_o 59_o 58_o 1_o 29_o 2_o 16_o 25_o 8_o 00_o 14_o 61_o 18_o 1_o 20_o 3_o 23_o 50_o 7_o 25_o
15_o 62_o 25_o 1_o 07_o 4_o 30_o 20_o 6_o 30_o 16_o 63_o 22_o 0_o 57_o 5_o 36_o 28_o 6_o 08_o 17_o 64_o 6_o 0_o 44_o 6_o 41_o 22_o 4_o 54_o 18_o 64_o 49_o 0_o 43_o 7_o 45_o 29_o 4_o 07_o 19_o 65_o 2d_o 0_o 32_o 8_o 49_o 01_o 3_o 32_o 20_o 65_o 47_o 0_o 26_o 9_o 51_o 58_o 2_o 57_o 21_o 66_o 6_o 0_o 19_o 10_o 54_o 27_o 2_o 29_o 22_o 66_o 20_o 0_o 14_o 11_o 56_o 37_o 2_o 10_o 23_o 66_o 28_o 0_o 08_o 12_o 58_o 29_o 1_o 52_o 24_o 66_o 31_o 0_o 03_o climate_n between_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n d._n m._n d._n m._n d._n m._n d._n m_o d._n m._n d._n m._n par._n lat._n par._n lat._n par._n lat._n par._n lat._n par._n lat._n par._n lat._n 67_o 30_o 69_o 30_o 73_o 20_o 78_o 20_o 84_o 00_o 90_o 00_o breadth_n breadth_n breadth_n breadth_n breadth_n breadth_n 01_o 00_o 02_o 00_o 03_o 50_o 05_o 00_o 05_o 40_o 06_o 00_o 1_o month_n 2_o month_n 3_o month_n 4_o month_n 5_o month_n 6_o month_n have_v thus_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o chief_a circle_n belong_v to_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n how_o latitude_n and_o longitude_n with_o zone_n and_o climate_n be_v frame_v proceed_v we_o next_o to_o the_o various_a position_n of_o the_o globe_n common_o term_v sphere_n which_o be_v three_o in_o number_n viz._n parallel_n right_o and_o oblique_a def._n 18._o a_o parallel_n sphere_n be_v that_o position_n of_o the_o globe_n which_o have_v these_o three_o property_n viz._n 1._o the_o pole_n in_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n 2._o the_o equator_fw-la in_o the_o horizon_n 3._o the_o parallel_n circle_n parallel_v to_o the_o horizon_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o sphere_n be_v those_o if_o any_o who_o live_v under_o the_o two_o pole_n def._n 19_o a_o right_a sphere_n be_v that_o position_n of_o the_o globe_n which_o have_v these_o three_o property_n viz._n 1._o both_o the_o pole_n in_o the_o horizon_n 2._o the_o equator_fw-la pass_v through_o the_o zenith_n and_o nadir_n 3._o the_o parallel_n circle_n perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o sphere_n be_v they_o who_o live_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n def._n 20._o a_o oblique_a sphere_n be_v that_o position_n of_o the_o globe_n which_o have_v these_o three_o property_n viz._n 1._o one_o of_o the_o pole_n above_o and_o the_o other_o under_o the_o horizon_n 2._o the_o equator_fw-la partly_o above_o and_o partly_o under_o the_o horizon_n 3._o the_o parallel_n circle_n cut_v the_o horizon_n oblique_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o sphere_n be_v they_o who_o live_v on_o all_o part_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n except_o those_o exact_o under_o the_o pole_n and_o equinoctial_a line_n but_o have_v no_o regard_n to_o these_o position_n of_o the_o globe_n the_o various_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v likewise_o consider_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o several_a meridian_n and_o parallel_n peculiar_a to_o their_o habitation_n and_o that_o under_o these_o three_o title_n viz._n antaeci_n periaci_n and_o antipode_n def._n 21._o the_o antaeci_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n but_o opposite_a parallel_n peculiar_a to_o such_o people_n be_v these_o follow_v particular_n viz._n 1._o they_o have_v both_o the_o same_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n but_o not_o the_o same_o pole_n 2._o they_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la but_o on_o different_a side_n 3_o they_o have_v both_o noon_n and_o midnight_n at_o the_o same_o time_n 4_o the_o day_n of_o one_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o night_n of_o the_o other_o &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la 5._o their_o season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v contrary_a it_o be_v winter_n to_o one_o when_o summer_n to_o the_o other_o etc._n etc._n def._n 22_o the_o perlaeci_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v under_o the_o same_o parallel_n but_o opposite_a meridian_n peculiar_a to_o such_o people_n be_v these_o follow_v particular_n viz._n 1._o one_o of_o the_o pole_n be_v equal_o elevate_v to_o both_o and_o the_o other_o equal_o depress_v 2._o they_o be_v equal_o distant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o both_o on_o the_o same_o side_n 3._o when_o its_o noon_n to_o one_o it_o be_v midnight_n to_o the_o other_o &_o econtra_fw-la 4_o the_o length_n of_o the_o day_n to_o one_o be_v the_o compliment_n of_o the_o other_o night_n &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la 5._o they_o both_o agree_v in_o the_o four_o season_n of_o the_o year_n etc._n etc._n def._n 23._o the_o antipode_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v under_o opposite_a parallel_n and_o meridian_n peculiar_a to_o such_o people_n be_v these_o follow_v particular_n viz._n 1._o they_o have_v both_o the_o same_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n 2_o they_o be_v both_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o equator_fw-la but_o on_o different_a side_n and_o in_o opposite_a haemisphere_n 3._o when_o its_o noon_n to_o one_o it_o be_v midnight_n to_o the_o other_o &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la 4._o the_o long_a day_n or_o night_n to_o the_o one_o be_v the_o short_a to_o the_o other_o 5._o their_o season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v contrary_a etc._n etc._n the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v likewise_o consider_v by_o the_o ancient_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o diversity_n of_o their_o shadow_n and_o according_o reduce_v to_o three_o class_n viz._n amphiscii_n periscii_n and_o heteroscii_n def._n 24._o amphiscii_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n or_o between_o the_o two_o tropic_n they_o be_v so_o term_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d utrinque_fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d umbra_fw-la because_o they_o cast_v their_o shadow_n on_o both_o side_n of_o they_o viz._n north_n and_o south_n according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o sun_n declination_n def._n 25._o periscii_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n or_o between_o the_o polar_a circle_n and_o the_o pole_n they_o be_v so_o call_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d circà _fw-la and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d umbra_fw-la because_o they_o cast_v their_o shadow_n round_o about_o they_o towards_o all_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n def._n 26._o heteroscii_n be_v those_o people_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o live_v in_o the_o two_o temperate_a zone_n or_o between_o the_o tropic_n and_o the_o polar_a circle_n they_o be_v so_o call_v from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d alto_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d umbra_fw-la because_o they_o cast_v their_o shadow_n only_o one_o way_n viz._n north_n if_o in_o the_o north_n temperate_a or_o south_n if_o in_o the_o south_n temperate_a zone_n but_o leave_v the_o various_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o come_v close_o to_o our_o main_a design_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n itself_o consider_v simple_o as_o a_o spherical_a body_n who_o surface_n we_o be_v to_o view_v as_o compose_v of_o land_n and_o water_n as_o its_o sole_a constituent_a part_n and_o those_o two_o part_n thus_o subdivide_v as_o follow_v to_o wit_n land_n into_o continent_n isthmus_n island_n promontory_n peninsula_n mountain_n water_n into_o ocean_n strait_o sea_n lake_n gulf_n river_n def._n 27._o a_o continent_n lat._n continens_fw-la à _fw-la contineo_fw-la be_v a_o large_a and_o spacious_a space_n of_o dry_a land_n comprehend_v divers_a country_n kingdom_n and_o state_n all_o join_v together_o without_o any_o entire_a separation_n of_o its_o part_n by_o water_n def._n 28._o a_o island_n lat._n insula_fw-la quasi_fw-la in_o salo_fw-la be_v a_o part_n of_o dry_a land_n environ_v round_o with_o water_n def._n 29._o a_o peninsula_n quasi_fw-la penè_fw-la insula_fw-la otherwise_o chersonesus_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d terra_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d insula_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n every_o where_o enclose_v with_o water_n save_v one_o narrow_a neck_n adjoin_v the_o same_o to_o the_o continent_n def._n 30._o a_o isthmus_n ab_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d well_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ingredior_fw-la be_v that_o narrow_a neck_n of_o land_n annex_v the_o peninsula_n to_o the_o continent_n by_o which_o people_n may_v enter_v into_o one_o from_o the_o other_o def._n 31._o a_o promontory_n quasi_fw-la mons_fw-la in_o mare_fw-la prominens_fw-la be_v a_o high_a part_n of_o land_n stretch_v itself_o out_o in_o the_o sea_n the_o extremity_n whereof_o be_v common_o term_v a_o cape_n or_o head-land_n def._n 32._o a_o mountain_n à _fw-fr moneo_fw-la vel_fw-la emineo_fw-la be_v a_o rise_a part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n over-topping_a the_o adjacent_a country_n and_o appear_v the_o first_o at_o a_o distance_n def._n 33._o the_o ocean_n gr._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d quasi_fw-la ex_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d