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earth_n ancient_n reason_n zone_n 23 3 12.6628 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A35345 The true intellectual system of the universe. The first part wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted and its impossibility demonstrated / by R. Cudworth. Cudworth, Ralph, 1617-1688. 1678 (1678) Wing C7471; ESTC R27278 1,090,859 981

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before_o page_n 672_o 674_o nevertheless_o because_o this_o universal_a and_o constant_a regularity_n of_o thing_n for_o so_o many_o age_n together_o be_v so_o puzzle_v they_o will_v persuade_v we_o that_o the_o senseless_a atom_n play_v and_o toy_v up_o and_o down_o from_o eternity_n without_o any_o care_n or_o thought_n be_v at_o length_n teach_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o thing_n and_o drive_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o trade_n or_o habit_n of_o artificialness_n and_o methodicalness_n page_n 674_o 675_o to_o all_o which_o atheistick_a pretence_n reply_v first_o that_o this_o a_o idle_a dream_n or_o impudent_a forgery_n that_o there_o be_v once_o a_o inept_v mundane_a system_n and_o in_o this_o world_n of_o we_o all_o manner_n of_o irregular_a shape_v of_o animal_n not_o only_o because_o no_o tradition_n of_o any_o such_o thing_n but_o also_o because_o no_o reason_n possible_o to_o be_v give_v why_o such_o shall_v not_o be_v produce_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n still_o though_o they_o can_v not_o continue_v long_o that_o also_o another_o atheistick_a dream_n that_o in_o this_o world_n of_o we_o all_o will_v quick_o fall_v into_o confusion_n and_o nonsense_n again_o and_o as_o their_o infinite_a world_n a_o impossibility_n so_o their_o assertion_n of_o the_o irregularity_n of_o the_o suppose_a other_o world_n well_o enough_o answer_v by_o a_o contrary_a assertion_n that_o be_v every_o planet_n a_o habitable_a earth_n and_o every_o fix_a star_n a_o sun_n have_v all_o more_o or_o few_o such_o habitable_a planet_n move_v round_o about_o they_o and_o none_o of_o they_o desert_n or_o un-inhabited_n there_o will_v not_o be_v find_v so_o much_o as_o one_o ridiculous_a or_o inept_v system_n among_o they_o all_o the_o divine_a act_n be_v infinite_a page_n 675_o again_o that_o the_o fortuitous_a motion_n of_o senseless_a atom_n shall_v in_o length_n of_o time_n grow_v artificial_a and_o contract_v a_o habit_n or_o trade_n of_o act_v as_o regular_o as_o if_o direct_v
anaxagoras_n make_v good_a a_o principle_n as_o that_o which_o move_v for_o though_o mind_n move_v matter_n yet_o it_o move_v it_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o something_o and_o be_v itself_o as_o it_o be_v first_o move_v by_o good_a so_o that_o good_a be_v also_o a_o principle_n and_o we_o note_v this_o the_o rather_o to_o show_v how_o well_o these_o three_o philosopher_n aristotle_n plato_n and_o anaxagoras_n agree_v all_o together_o in_o this_o excellent_a truth_n that_o mind_n and_o good_a be_v the_o first_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o universe_n xii_o and_o now_o we_o think_v it_o be_v sufficient_o evident_a that_o these_o old_a materialist_n in_o aristotle_n whoever_o they_o be_v be_v downright_a atheist_n not_o so_o much_o because_o they_o make_v all_o substance_n to_o be_v body_n or_o matter_n for_o heraclitus_n first_o and_o after_o he_o zeno_n do_v the_o like_a derive_v the_o original_a of_o all_o thing_n from_o fire_n as_o well_o as_o anaximenes_n do_v from_o air_n and_o thales_n be_v suppose_v by_o aristotle_n to_o have_v do_v from_o water_n and_o that_o with_o some_o little_a more_o seem_a plausibility_n since_o fire_n be_v a_o more_o subtle_a and_o movable_a body_n than_o any_o other_o be_v therefore_o think_v by_o some_o of_o those_o ancient_n to_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o most_o incorporeal_a of_o all_o body_n as_o earth_n be_v for_o that_o cause_n reject_v by_o all_o those_o corporeal_a philosopher_n from_o be_v a_o principle_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o grossness_n of_o its_o part_n but_o heraclitus_n and_o zeno_n notwithstanding_o this_o be_v not_o account_v atheist_n because_o they_o suppose_v their_o fiery_a matter_n to_o have_v not_o only_a life_n but_o also_o a_o perfect_a understanding_n original_o belong_v to_o it_o as_o also_o the_o whole_a world_n to_o be_v a_o animal_n whereas_o those_o materialist_n of_o aristotle_n make_v senseless_a and_o stupid_a matter_n devoid_a of_o all_o understanding_n and_o life_n to_o be_v the_o first_o principle_n and_o root_n of_o all_o thing_n for_o when_o they_o suppose_v life_n and_o understanding_n as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o difference_n of_o thing_n to_o be_v nothing_o but_o mere_a passion_n and_o accident_n of_o matter_n generable_a out_o of_o it_o and_o corruptible_a again_o into_o it_o and_o indeed_o to_o be_v produce_v but_o in_o a_o secundary_a way_n from_o the_o fortuitous_a commixture_n of_o those_o first_o elementary_a quality_n heat_v and_o cold_a moist_a and_o dry_a thick_a and_o thin_a they_o plain_o imply_v the_o substance_n of_o matter_n in_o itself_o to_o be_v devoid_a of_o all_o life_n and_o understanding_n now_o if_o this_o be_v not_o atheism_n to_o derive_v the_o original_a of_o all_o thing_n even_o of_o life_n and_o mind_n itself_o from_o dead_a and_o stupid_a matter_n fortuitous_o move_v then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n at_o all_o xiii_o moreover_o aristotle_n materialist_n conclude_v every_o thing_n beside_o the_o substance_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v in_o itself_o indifferent_a to_o all_o thing_n and_o consequent_o all_o particular_a and_o determinate_a being_n to_o be_v generable_a and_o corruptible_a which_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o plato_n take_v notice_n of_o as_o a_o atheistick_a principle_n express_v it_o in_o these_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o nothing_o ever_o be_v thea●_n but_o every_o thing_n be_v make_v and_o generate_v forasmuch_o as_o it_o plain_o follow_v from_o hence_o that_o not_o only_o all_o animal_n and_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n but_o also_o if_o there_o be_v any_o god_n which_o some_o of_o those_o materialist_n will_v not_o stick_v at_o least_o verbal_o to_o acknowledge_v mean_v thereby_o certain_a understanding_n being_n superior_a to_o man_n these_o likewise_o must_v needs_o have_v be_v all_o generate_v and_o consequent_o be_v corruptible_a now_o to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o god_n than_o such_o as_o be_v make_v and_o generate_v and_o which_o may_v be_v again_o unmake_v corrupt_v and_o die_v or_o that_o there_o be_v once_o no_o god_n at_o all_o till_o he_o be_v make_v out_o of_o the_o matter_n and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v none_o again_o this_o be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o deny_v the_o thing_n itself_o for_o a_o native_a and_o mortal_a god_n be_v a_o pure_a contradiction_n therefore_o whereas_o aristotle_n in_o his_o metaphysic_n 6._o tell_v we_o of_o certain_a theologer_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o do_v generate_v all_o thing_n even_o the_o god_n themselves_o out_o of_o night_n and_o chaos_n we_o must_v needs_o pronounce_v of_o such_o theologer_n as_o these_o who_o be_v theogonists_n and_o generate_v all_o the_o god_n without_o exception_n out_o of_o senseless_a and_o stupid_a matter_n that_o they_o be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o atheistical_a theologer_n or_o theological_a atheist_n for_o though_o they_o do_v admit_v of_o certain_a being_n to_o which_o they_o attribute_v the_o name_n of_o god_n yet_o according_a to_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o god_n they_o real_o acknowledge_v none_o at_o all_o i._n e._n no_o understanding_n nature_n as_o the_o original_a of_o thing_n but_o night_n and_o chaos_n senseless_a and_o stupid_a matter_n fortuitous_o move_v be_v to_o they_o the_o high_a of_o all_o numan_n so_o that_o this_o theology_n of_o they_o be_v a_o thing_n whole_o found_v in_o atheistical_a nonsense_n fourteen_o and_o now_o we_o think_v it_o seasonable_a here_o to_o observe_v how_o vast_a a_o difference_n there_o be_v betwixt_o these_o old_a materialist_n in_o aristotle_n and_o those_o other_o philosopher_n mention_v before_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n who_o determine_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o no_o real_a entity_n at_o all_o be_v generate_v or_o corrupt_v for_o this_o reason_n because_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v out_o of_o nothing_o these_o be_v chief_o the_o philosopher_n of_o the_o italic_a or_o pythagorick_a succession_n and_o their_o design_n in_o it_o be_v not_o as_o aristotle_n be_v please_v somewhere_o to_o affirm_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o contradict_v common_a sense_n and_o experience_n in_o deny_v all_o natural_a generation_n and_o alteration_n but_o only_o to_o interpret_v nature_n right_o in_o they_o and_o that_o in_o way_n of_o opposition_n to_o those_o atheistick_a materialist_n after_o this_o manner_n that_o in_o all_o the_o mutation_n of_o nature_n generation_n and_o alteration_n there_o be_v neither_o any_o new_a substance_n make_v which_o be_v not_o before_o nor_o any_o entity_n real_o distinct_a from_o the_o preexi_a substance_n but_o only_o that_o substance_n which_o be_v before_o diverse_o modify_v and_o so_o nothing_o produce_v in_o generation_n but_o new_a modification_n mixture_n and_o separation_n of_o preexistent_a substance_n now_o this_o doctrine_n of_o they_o drive_v at_o these_o two_o thing_n first_o the_o take_v away_o of_o such_o quality_n and_o form_n of_o body_n as_o be_v vulgar_o conceive_v to_o be_v thing_n real_o distinct_a from_o the_o substance_n of_o extend_a bulk_n and_o all_o its_o modification_n of_o more_o or_o less_o magnitude_n figure_n site_n motion_n or_o rest._n because_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n as_o these_o produce_v in_o the_o natural_a generation_n and_o alteration_n of_o body_n there_o will_v then_o be_v some_o real_a entity_n make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d out_o of_o nothing_o inexistent_a or_o preexistent_a wherefore_o they_o conclude_v that_o these_o suppose_a form_n and_o quality_n of_o body_n be_v real_o nothing_o else_o but_o only_o the_o different_a modification_n of_o pre-existent_a matter_n in_o respect_n of_o magnitude_n figure_n site_n and_o motion_n or_o rest_n or_o different_a concretion_n and_o secretion_n which_o be_v no_o entity_n real_o distinct_a from_o the_o substance_n but_o only_o cause_v different_a phasmata_fw-la fancy_n and_o apparition_n in_o we_o the_o second_o thing_n which_o this_o doctrine_n aim_v at_o be_v the_o establish_v the_o incorporiety_n and_o ingenerability_n of_o all_o soul_n for_o since_o life_n cogitation_n sense_n and_o understanding_n can_v not_o be_v resolve_v into_o those_o modification_n of_o matter_n magnitude_n figure_n site_n and_o motion_n or_o into_o mechanism_n and_o fancy_n but_o must_v needs_o be_v entity_n real_o distinct_a from_o extend_v bulk_n or_o dead_a and_o stupid_a matter_n they_o conclude_v that_o therefore_o soul_n can_v not_o be_v generate_v out_o of_o matter_n because_o this_o will_v be_v the_o production_n of_o some_o real_a entity_n out_o of_o nothing_o inexi_v or_o preexi_v but_o that_o they_o must_v needs_o be_v another_o kind_n of_o substance_n incorporeal_a which_o can_v no_o more_o be_v generate_v or_o corrupt_v than_o the_o substance_n of_o matter_n itself_o and_o therefore_o must_v either_o preexist_v in_o nature_n before_o generation_n or_o else_o be_v divine_o create_v and_o infuse_v in_o they_o it_o have_v be_v already_o prove_v in_o the_o first_o
to_o have_v a_o will_v absolute_o indifferent_a to_o all_o thing_n and_o vndetermine_v by_o any_o thing_n but_o itself_o or_o to_o will_v nothing_o because_o it_o be_v good_a but_o to_o make_v its_o own_o arbitrary_a or_o contingent_a and_o fortuitous_a determination_n the_o sole_a reason_n of_o all_o its_o action_n nay_o the_o very_a rule_n or_o measure_n of_o goodness_n justice_n and_o wisdom_n itself_o and_o this_o be_v suppose_v by_o they_o to_o be_v the_o liberty_n sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o the_o deity_n wherefore_o such_o theist_n as_o these_o will_v think_v themselves_o altogether_o unconcerned_a in_o these_o atheistick_a objection_n against_o providence_n or_o in_o defend_v the_o fabric_n of_o the_o world_n as_o faultless_a they_o be_v as_o ready_a as_o the_o atheist_n themselves_o to_o acknowledge_v that_o the_o world_n may_v real_o have_v be_v much_o better_a make_v than_o now_o it_o be_v only_a that_o it_o must_v be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o because_o so_o make_v but_o pretend_v nevertheless_o that_o this_o be_v no_o impeachment_n at_o all_o of_o the_o existence_n of_o a_o god_n quià_fw-la deus_fw-la non_fw-la tenetur_fw-la ad_fw-la optimum_fw-la because_o god_n be_v no_o way_n bind_v or_o oblige_v to_o the_o b●st_fw-la he_o be_v indeed_o according_a to_o they_o nothing_o but_o arbitrary_a will_n omnipotent_a but_o what_o do_v these_o theist_n here_o else_o then_o whilst_o they_o deny_v the_o fortuitous_a motion_n of_o senseless_a matter_n to_o be_v the_o first_o original_a of_o all_o thing_n themselves_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n enthrone_v fortuitousness_n and_o contingency_n in_o the_o will_n of_o a_o omnipotent_a be_v and_o there_o give_v it_o a_o absolute_a sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n over_o all_o so_o that_o the_o controversy_n betwixt_o the_o atheist_n and_o these_o theist_n seem_v to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o this_o whether_o senseless_a matter_n fortuitous_o move_v or_o a_o fortuitous_a will_n omnipotent_a such_o as_o be_v altogether_o undetermined_a by_o goodness_n justice_n and_o wisdom_n be_v the_o sovereign_n numen_fw-la and_o original_a of_o all_o thing_n certain_o we_o mortal_n can_v have_v little_a better_a ground_n for_o our_o faith_n and_o hope_n in_o such_o a_o omnipotent_a arbitrary_a will_n as_o this_o than_o we_o can_v have_v in_o the_o motion_n of_o senseless_a atom_n furious_o agitate_a or_o of_o a_o rapid_n whirlwind_n nay_o one_o will_v think_v that_o of_o the_o two_o it_o shall_v be_v more_o desirable_a to_o be_v under_o the_o empire_n of_o senseless_a atom_n fortuitous_o move_v then_o of_o a_o will_v altogether_o undetermined_a by_o goodness_n justice_n and_o wisdom_n arm_v with_o omnipotence_n because_o the_o former_a can_v harbour_v no_o hurtful_a or_o mischievous_a design_n against_o any_o as_o the_o latter_a might_n but_o this_o irrational_a will_n altogether_o undetermined_a by_o goodness_n justice_n and_o wisdom_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v the_o high_a liberty_n sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n the_o great_a perfection_n and_o the_o divine_a thing_n of_o all_o that_o it_o be_v indeed_o nothing_o else_o but_o weakness_n and_o impotency_n itself_o or_o brutish_a folly_n and_o madness_n and_o therefore_o those_o ancient_n who_o affirm_v that_o mind_n be_v lord_n over_o all_o and_o the_o supreme_a king_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n hold_v at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o good_a be_v the_o sovereign_a monarch_n of_o the_o universe_n good_a reign_v in_o mind_n and_o together_o with_o it_o because_o mind_n be_v that_o which_o order_v all_o thing_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o good_a and_o whatsoever_o do_v otherwise_o be_v according_a to_o they_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d not_o man_n but_o dementia_fw-la and_o consequent_o no_o god_n and_o thus_o do_v celsus_n in_o origen_n declare_v the_o nature_n of_o god_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 240._o god_n be_v not_o the_o precedent_n or_o head_n of_o irregular_a and_o irrational_a lust_n or_o appetite_n and_o of_o loose_a erratic_a disorderliness_n but_o of_o the_o just_a and_o righteous_a nature_n and_o though_o this_o be_v there_o misapply_v by_o he_o against_o the_o christian_a doctrine_n of_o the_o resurrection_n not_o understand_v yet_o be_v the_o passage_n high_o approve_v by_o origen_n he_o add_v further_o in_o confirmation_n thereof_o and_o that_o as_o the_o general_a sense_n of_o christian_n too_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o christians_o who_o hold_v the_o resurrection_n say_v as_o well_o as_o you_o that_o god_n can_v do_v nothing_o which_o be_v in_o itself_o evil_a inept_v or_o absurd_a no_o more_o than_o he_o be_v able_a not_o to_o be_v god_n for_o if_o god_n do_v any_o evil_n he_o be_v no_o god_n reason_n and_o again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d god_n will_v nothing_o vnbecoming_a himself_o or_o what_o be_v true_o indecorous_a for_o as_o much_o as_o this_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o his_o godship_n and_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n plotinus_n 265._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o deity_n act_v according_a to_o its_o own_o nature_n and_o essence_n and_o its_o nature_n and_o essence_n displai_v goodness_n and_o justice_n for_o if_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o there_o where_o shall_v they_o else_o be_v find_v and_o again_o elsewhere_o 743._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d god_n be_v essential_o that_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v and_o therefore_o he_o do_v not_o happen_v to_o be_v such_o as_o he_o be_v and_o this_o first_o ought_v to_o be_v be_v the_o principle_n of_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o that_o ought_v to_o be_v wherefore_o the_o deity_n be_v not_o to_o be_v conceive_v as_o mere_a arbitrariness_n humour_n or_o irrational_a will_n and_o appetite_n omnipotent_a which_o will_v indeed_o be_v but_o omnipotent_a chance_n but_o as_o a_o overflow_a fountain_n of_o love_n and_o goodness_n just_o and_o wise_o dispense_n itself_o and_o omnipotent_o reach_v all_o thing_n the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v goodness_n justice_n and_o wisdom_n or_o decorousness_n fitness_n and_o ought_v itself_o willing_a so_o that_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o which_o be_v absolute_o the_o best_a be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o indispensable_a law_n to_o it_o because_o its_o very_a essence_n god_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o impartial_a balance_n lie_v even_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a to_o all_o thing_n and_o weigh_v out_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o all_o the_o thing_n therein_o in_o the_o most_o just_a and_o exact_a proportion_n and_o not_o a_o grain_n too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a of_o any_o thing_n nor_o be_v the_o deity_n therefore_o bind_v or_o oblige_v to_o do_v the_o best_a in_o any_o way_n of_o servility_n as_o man_n fond_o imagine_v this_o to_o be_v contrary_a to_o his_o liberty_n much_o less_o by_o the_o law_n and_o command_n of_o any_o superior_a which_o be_v a_o contradiction_n but_o only_o by_o the_o perfection_n of_o its_o own_o nature_n which_o it_o can_v possible_o deviate_v from_o no_o more_o than_o vngod_n itself_o in_o conclusion_n therefore_o we_o acknowledge_v the_o atheist_n argument_n to_o be_v thus_o far_o good_a that_o if_o there_o be_v a_o god_n then_o of_o necessity_n must_v all_o thing_n be_v well_o make_v and_o as_o they_o shall_v be_v &_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la but_o no_o atheist_n will_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o prove_v that_o either_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o world_n can_v have_v be_v better_o make_v or_o that_o so_o much_o as_o any_o one_o thing_n therein_o be_v make_v inept_o there_o be_v indeed_o many_o thing_n in_o the_o frame_n of_o nature_n which_o we_o can_v reach_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o be_v make_v by_o a_o knowledge_n far_o superior_a and_o transcendent_a to_o that_o of_o we_o and_o our_o experience_n and_o ratiocination_n but_o slow_o discover_v the_o intrigue_n and_o contrivance_n of_o providence_n therein_o witness_v the_o circulation_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o milky_a and_o lymphatic_a vessel_n and_o other_o thing_n without_o which_o the_o mechanic_n structure_n of_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n can_v be_v understand_v all_o but_o so_o late_o bring_v to_o light_n wherefore_o we_o must_v not_o conclude_v that_o whatsoever_o we_o can_v find_v out_o the_o reason_n of_o or_o the_o use_n that_o it_o serve_v to_o be_v therefore_o inept_o make_v we_o shall_v give_v one_o instance_n of_o this_o the_o intestinum_fw-la coecum_fw-la in_o the_o body_n of_o man_n and_o other_o animal_n seem_v at_o first_o sight_n to_o be_v but_o a_o mere_a botch_n or_o bungle_v of_o nature_n and_o a_o odd_a impertinent_a appendix_n neither_o do_v we_o know_v that_o any_o anatomist_n or_o physiologer_n have_v give_v a_o rational_a account_n thereof_o or_o discover_v its_o use_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o valve_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o it_o these_o two_o both_o together_o be_v a_o most_o artificial_a contrivance_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o great_a advantage_n for_o animal_n to_o hinder_v