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earth_n ancient_a globe_n zone_n 17 3 12.4897 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A58185 The wisdom of God manifested in the works of the creation being the substance of some common places delivered in the chappel of Trinity-College, in Cambridge / by John Ray ... Ray, John, 1627-1705. 1691 (1691) Wing R410; ESTC R3192 111,391 260

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unknown_a or_o mere_o conjectural_a their_o course_n and_o revolution_n their_o station_n and_o retrogradation_n observe_v constant_o so_o many_o age_n together_o in_o most_o certain_a and_o determinate_a period_n of_o time_n do_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o their_o motion_n be_v institute_v and_o govern_v by_o counsel_n wisdom_n and_o understanding_n four_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o fix_a star_n who_o motion_n be_v regular_a equal_a and_o constant_a so_o that_o we_o see_v nothing_o in_o the_o heaven_n which_o argue_v chance_n vanity_n or_o error_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a rule_n order_n and_o constancy_n the_o effect_n and_o argument_n of_o wisdom_n wherefore_o as_o cicero_n excellent_o conclude_v coelestem_fw-la ergo_fw-la admirabilem_fw-la ordinem_fw-la incredibilemque_fw-la constantiam_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la conservatio_fw-la &_o salus_fw-la omnium_fw-la omnis_fw-la oritur_fw-la qui_fw-la vacare_fw-la ment_fw-la putat_fw-la no_o ipse_fw-la mentis_fw-la expers_fw-la habendus_fw-la est_fw-la wherefore_o whosoever_o think_v
declivity_n every_o way_n easy_o descend_v down_o to_o the_o common_a receptacle_n the_o sea_n and_o these_o lake_n of_o water_n be_v far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o there_o can_v be_v no_o commerce_n between_o far_o remote_a country_n but_o by_o land_n 4._o a_o spherical_a figure_n be_v most_o commodious_a for_o dinetical_a motion_n or_o revolution_n upon_o its_o own_o axis_n for_o in_o that_o neither_o oan_n the_o medium_fw-la at_o all_o resist_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o body_n because_o it_o stand_v not_o in_o its_o way_n no_o part_n come_v into_o any_o space_n but_o what_o the_o precedent_n leave_v neither_o do_v one_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n move_v fast_o than_o another_o whereas_o be_v it_o angular_a the_o part_n about_o the_o angle_n will_v find_v strong_a resistance_n from_o the_o air_n and_o those_o part_n also_o about_o the_o angle_n will_v move_v much_o fast_a than_o those_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o plain_n be_v remote_a from_o the_o centre_n than_o they_o it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o this_o figure_n be_v the_o most_o commodious_a for_o motion_n here_o i_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o folly_n and_o stupidity_n of_o the_o epicurean_o who_o fancy_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v flat_a and_o contiguous_a to_o the_o heaven_n on_o all_o side_n and_o that_o it_o descend_v a_o great_a way_n with_o long_a root_n and_o that_o the_o sun_n be_v new_o make_v every_o morning_n and_o not_o much_o big_a than_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o eye_n and_o of_o a_o flat_a figure_n and_o many_o other_o such_o gross_a absurdity_n as_o child_n among_o we_o will_v be_v ashamed_a of_o second_o i_o come_v now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o the_o earth_n speak_v according_o to_o philosophical_a accurateness_n do_v move_v both_o upon_o its_o own_o pole_n and_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a be_v now_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a and_o skilful_a mathematician_n to_o prove_v the_o diurnal_a motion_n of_o it_o upon_o its_o pole_n i_o need_v produce_v no_o other_o argument_n than_o first_o the_o vast_a disproportion_n in_o respect_n of_o magnitude_n that_o be_v between_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o heaven_n and_o the_o great_a unlikelyhood_n that_o such_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o vast_a body_n shall_v move_v about_o so_o inconsiderable_a a_o spot_n as_o the_o earth_n which_o in_o comparison_n with_o they_o by_o the_o concurrent_a suffrage_n of_o mathematician_n of_o both_o persuasion_n be_v a_o mere_a point_n that_o be_v next_o to_o nothing_o second_o the_o immense_a and_o incredible_a celerity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n in_o the_o ancient_a hypothesis_n of_o its_o annual_a motion_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o station_n and_o retrogradation_n of_o the_o superior_a planet_n be_v a_o convince_a argument_n there_o be_v a_o clear_a and_o facile_a account_n thereof_o to_o be_v give_v from_o the_o mere_a motion_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o ecliptic_a whereas_o in_o the_o old_a hypothesis_n no_o account_n can_v be_v give_v thereof_o but_o by_o the_o unreasonable_a fiction_n of_o epicycle_n and_o contrary_a motion_n add_v hereto_o the_o great_a unlikelyhood_n of_o such_o a_o enormous_a epicycle_n as_o venus_n must_v describe_v about_o the_o sun_n not_o under_o the_o sun_n as_o the_o old_a astronomer_n fancy_v so_o that_o whosoever_o do_v clear_o understand_v both_o hypothesis_n can_v i_o persuade_v myself_o adhere_v to_o the_o old_a and_o reject_v the_o new_a without_o do_v some_o violence_n to_o his_o faculty_n against_o this_o opinion_n lie_v two_o objection_n first_o that_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o sense_n and_o the_o common_a opinion_n and_o belief_n of_o mankind_n second_o that_o it_o seem_v contrary_a to_o some_o expression_n in_o scripture_n to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o our_o sense_n be_v sometime_o mistake_v and_o what_o appear_v to_o they_o be_v not_o always_o in_o reality_n so_o as_o it_o appear_v for_o example_n the_o sun_n or_o moon_n appear_v no_o big_a at_o most_o than_o a_o cartwheel_n and_o of_o a_o flat_a figure_n the_o earth_n seem_v to_o be_v plain_a the_o heaven_n to_o cover_v it_o like_o a_o canopy_n and_o to_o be_v contiguous_a to_o it_o round_o about_o a_o firebrand_n nimble_o move_v round_o appear_v like_o a_o circle_n of_o fire_n and_o to_o give_v a_o parallel_n instance_n a_o boat_n lie_v still_o at_o anchor_n in_o a_o river_n to_o he_o that_o sail_n or_o row_n by_o it_o seem_v to_o move_v apace_o and_o when_o the_o cloud_n pass_v nimble_o under_o the_o moon_n the_o moon_n itself_o seem_v to_o move_v the_o contrary_a way_n and_o there_o have_v be_v whole_a book_n write_v in_o confutation_n of_o vulgar_a error_n second_o as_o to_o the_o scripture_n when_o speak_v of_o these_o thing_n it_o accommodate_v itself_o to_o the_o common_a and_o receive_v opinion_n and_o employ_v the_o usual_a phrase_n and_o form_n of_o speech_n as_o all_o wise_a man_n also_o do_v though_o in_o strictness_n they_o be_v of_o a_o different_a or_o contrary_a opinion_n without_o intention_n of_o deliver_v any_o thing_n doctrinal_o concern_v these_o point_n or_o confute_v the_o contrary_a and_o yet_o by_o those_o that_o maintain_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n motion_n there_o may_v a_o convenient_a interpretation_n be_v give_v of_o such_o place_n as_o seem_v to_o contradict_v it_o howbeit_o because_o some_o pious_a person_n may_v be_v offend_v at_o such_o a_o opinion_n as_o savour_v of_o novelty_n think_v it_o inconsistent_a with_o divine_a revelation_n i_o shall_v not_o positive_o assert_v it_o only_o propose_v it_o as_o a_o hypothesis_n not_o altogether_o improbable_a suppose_v then_o that_o the_o earth_n do_v move_v both_o upon_o its_o own_o pole_n and_o in_o the_o ecliptic_a about_o the_o sun_n i_o shall_v show_v how_o admirable_o its_o situation_n and_o motion_n be_v contrive_v for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o man_n and_o other_o animal_n which_o i_o can_v do_v more_o full_o and_o clear_o than_o dr._n more_o have_v already_o do_v in_o his_o antidote_n against_o atheism_n who_o word_n therefore_o i_o shall_v borrow_v first_o speak_v of_o the_o parallelism_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o say_v i_o demand_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n steady_a and_o perpetual_o parallel_v to_o itself_o or_o to_o have_v it_o careless_o tumble_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n as_o it_o happen_v or_o at_o least_o very_o various_o and_o intricate_o and_o you_o can_v but_o answer_v i_o it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v it_o steady_a and_o parallel_a for_o in_o this_o lie_v the_o necessary_a foundation_n of_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n and_o dial_v for_o that_o steady_a stream_n of_o particle_n which_o be_v suppose_v to_o keep_v the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n parallel_n to_o its_o self_n afford_v the_o mariner_n both_o his_o cynosura_n and_o his_o compass_n the_o loadstone_n and_o the_o loadstar_n depend_v both_o upon_o this_o the_o loadstone_n as_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v be_v it_o not_o too_o great_a a_o digression_n and_o the_o loadstar_n because_o that_o which_o keep_v the_o axis_n parallel_n to_o its_o self_n make_v each_o of_o the_o pole_n constant_o respect_v such_o a_o point_n in_o the_o heaven_n as_o for_o example_n the_o north-pole_n to_o point_v almost_o direct_o to_o that_o which_o we_o call_v the_o polestar_n and_o beside_o dial_v can_v not_o be_v at_o all_o without_o this_o steadiness_n of_o the_o axis_n but_o both_o these_o art_n be_v pleasant_a and_o one_o especial_o of_o mighty_a importance_n to_o mankind_n for_o thus_o there_o be_v a_o orderly_a measure_n of_o our_o time_n for_o affair_n at_o home_n and_o a_o opportunity_n of_o traffic_n abroad_o with_o the_o most_o remote_a nation_n of_o the_o world_n and_o so_o there_o be_v a_o mutual_a supply_n of_o the_o several_a commodity_n of_o all_o country_n beside_o the_o enlarge_n our_o understanding_n by_o so_o ample_a experience_n we_o get_v both_o of_o man_n and_o thing_n wherefore_o if_o we_o be_v rational_o to_o consult_v whether_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v better_o be_v hold_v steady_a and_o parallel_a to_o itself_o or_o leave_v at_o random_n we_o will_v conclude_v it_o ought_v to_o be_v steady_a and_o so_o we_o find_v it_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la though_o the_o earth_n move_v float_v in_o the_o liquid_a heaven_n so_o that_o appeal_n to_o our_o own_o faculty_n we_o be_v to_o affirm_v that_o the_o constant_a direction_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v establish_v by_o a_o principle_n of_o wisdom_n and_o counsel_n again_o there_o be_v several_a posture_n of_o this_o steady_a direction_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n viz._n either_o perpendicular_a to_o a_o plain_a go_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o coincident_a or_o incline_v i_o demand_v which_o of_o all_o these_o reason_n and_o knowledge_n
will_v make_v choice_n of_o not_o of_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n for_o so_o both_o the_o pleasant_a variety_n and_o great_a convenience_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n spring_n and_o autumn_n will_v be_v lose_v and_o for_o want_v of_o accession_n of_o the_o sun_n these_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o now_o bring_v forth_o fruit_n and_o be_v habitable_a will_v be_v in_o a_o incapacity_n of_o ever_o bring_v forth_o any_o and_o consequent_o can_v entertain_v no_o inhabitant_n and_o those_o part_n that_o the_o full_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n can_v reach_v he_o ply_v they_o always_o alike_o without_o any_o annual_a recession_n or_o intermission_n will_v at_o last_o grow_v tire_v or_o exhaust_v or_o be_v whole_o dry_v up_o and_o want_v moisture_n the_o sun_n dissipate_v and_o cast_v off_o the_o cloud_n northwards_o and_o southwards_o beside_o we_o observe_v that_o a_o orderly_a vicissitude_n of_o thing_n do_v much_o more_o gratify_v the_o contemplative_a property_n in_o man._n and_o now_o in_o the_o second_o place_n neither_o will_v reason_n make_v choice_n of_o a_o coincident_a position_n for_o if_o the_o axis_n thus_o lie_v in_o a_o plain_a that_o go_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o ecliptic_a will_v like_v a_o colour_n or_o one_o of_o the_o meridian_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o will_v put_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o world_n into_o a_o pitiful_a condition_n for_o they_o that_o escape_v best_o in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n will_v be_v accloy_v with_o long_a night_n very_o tedious_a no_o less_o than_o forty_o day_n and_o those_o that_o now_o never_o have_v their_o night_n above_o twenty_o four_o hour_n as_o friesland_n island_n the_o further_a part_n of_o russia_n and_o norway_n will_v be_v deprive_v of_o the_o sun_n above_o a_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o day_n together_o ourselves_o in_o england_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o same_o clime_n will_v be_v close_v up_o in_o darkness_n no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o or_o eighty_o day_n and_o so_o proportionable_o of_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n and_o as_o for_o summer_n and_o winter_n though_o those_o vicissitude_n will_v be_v yet_o it_o can_v not_o but_o cause_n rage_a disease_n to_o have_v the_o sun_n stay_v so_o long_o describe_v his_o little_a circle_n so_o near_o the_o pole_n and_o lie_v so_o hot_a on_o the_o inhabitant_n that_o have_v be_v in_o so_o long_a extremity_n of_o darkness_n and_o cold_a before_o it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o the_o posture_n of_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v incline_v not_o perpendicular_a nor_o coincident_a to_o the_o forementioned_a plain_a and_o very_o it_o be_v not_o only_o incline_v but_o in_o so_o fit_a a_o proportion_n that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o fit_a imagine_v to_o make_v it_o to_o the_o utmost_a capacity_n as_o well_o pleasant_a as_o habitable_a for_o though_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v curb_v between_o the_o tropic_n yet_o be_v not_o those_o part_n direct_o subject_a to_o his_o perpendicular_a beam_n either_o unhabitable_a or_o extreme_o hot_a as_o the_o ancient_n fancy_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o traveller_n and_o particular_o sir_n walter_n ralegh_n the_o part_n under_o and_o near_o the_o line_n be_v as_o fruitful_a and_o pleasant_a and_o fit_a to_o make_v a_o paradise_n of_o as_o any_o in_o the_o world_n and_o that_o they_o be_v as_o suitable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n and_o as_o convenient_a to_o live_v in_o appear_v from_o the_o longaevity_n of_o the_o native_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o aethiop_n call_v by_o the_o ancient_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o especial_o the_o brasilian_n in_o america_n the_o ordinary_a term_n of_o who_o life_n be_v a_o hundred_o year_n as_o be_v set_v down_o by_o piso_n a_o learned_a physician_n of_o holland_n who_o travel_v thither_o on_o purpose_n to_o augment_v natural_a knowledge_n but_o especial_o what_o relate_v to_o physic_n and_o reasonable_a it_o be_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v so_o for_o neither_o do_v the_o sun_n lie_v long_o upon_o they_o their_o day_n be_v but_o twelve_o hour_n and_o their_o night_n as_o long_o to_o cool_v and_o refresh_v they_o and_o beside_o they_o have_v frequent_a shower_n and_o constant_a breeze_n or_o fresh_a gale_n of_o wind_n from_o the_o east_n see_v then_o this_o best_a posture_n which_o our_o reason_n can_v make_v choice_n of_o we_o see_v real_o establish_v in_o nature_n we_o can_v but_o acknowledge_v it_o to_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o wisdom_n counsel_n and_o providence_n moreover_o a_o further_a argument_n to_o evince_v this_o be_v that_o though_o it_o can_v but_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o if_o the_o axis_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o ecliptic_a her_o motion_n will_v be_v more_o easy_a and_o natural_a yet_o notwithstanding_o for_o the_o conveniency_n foremention_v we_o see_v it_o be_v make_v in_o a_o incline_a posture_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v object_v and_o say_v it_o will_v be_v more_o convenient_a for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n if_o the_o tropic_n stand_v at_o a_o great_a distance_n and_o the_o sun_n move_v further_a northward_o and_o southward_o for_o so_o the_o north_n and_o south_n part_n will_v be_v relieve_v and_o not_o expose_v to_o so_o extreme_a cold_n and_o thereby_o render_v unhabitable_a as_o now_o they_o be_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o will_v be_v more_o inconvenient_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o general_n and_o yet_o will_v afford_v the_o north_n and_o south_n part_v but_o little_o more_o comfort_n for_o then_o as_o much_o as_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o tropic_n be_v enlarge_v so_o much_o will_v also_o the_o arctic_a and_o antarctic_a circle_n be_v enlarge_v too_o and_o so_o we_o here_o in_o england_n and_o so_o on_o northerly_a shall_v not_o have_v that_o grateful_a and_o useful_a succession_n of_o day_n and_o night_n but_o proportionable_o to_o the_o sun_n come_v towards_o we_o so_o will_v our_o day_n be_v of_o more_o than_o twenty_o four_o hour_n length_n and_o according_a to_o his_o recess_n in_o winter_n our_o night_n proportionable_a which_o how_o great_a a_o inconvenience_n it_o will_v be_v be_v easy_o see_v whereas_o now_o the_o whole_a latitude_n of_o earth_n which_o have_v at_o any_o time_n above_o twenty_o four_o hour_n day_n and_o twenty_o four_o hour_n night_n be_v little_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o whole_a bulk_n as_o lie_v near_o the_o pole_n and_o yet_o neither_o be_v that_o part_n altogether_o unuseful_a for_o in_o the_o water_n there_o live_v fish_n which_o otherwhere_o be_v not_o obvious_a so_o we_o know_v the_o chief_a whale-fishing_a be_v in_o greenland_n and_o on_o the_o land_n bear_n and_o fox_n and_o deer_n in_o the_o most_o northerly_a country_n that_o be_v ever_o yet_o touch_v and_o doubtless_o if_o we_o shall_v discover_v further_o to_o the_o very_a north-pole_n we_o shall_v find_v all_o that_o tract_n not_o to_o be_v vain_a useless_a or_o unoccupied_a three_o the_o three_o and_o last_o thing_n i_o propose_v be_v the_o constitution_n and_o consistency_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o first_o admirable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o water_n shall_v be_v gather_v together_o into_o such_o great_a conceptacula_fw-la and_o the_o dry_a land_n appear_v and_o though_o we_o have_v not_o be_v assure_v thereof_o by_o divine_a revelation_n we_o can_v not_o in_o reason_n but_o have_v think_v such_o a_o division_n and_o separation_n to_o have_v be_v the_o work_n of_o omnipotency_n and_o infinite_a wisdom_n and_o goodness_n for_o in_o this_o condition_n the_o water_n nourish_v and_o maintain_v innumerable_a multitude_n of_o various_a kind_n of_o fish_n and_o the_o dry_a land_n support_v and_o feed_v as_o great_a variety_n of_o plant_n and_o animal_n which_o have_v there_o firm_a foot_n and_o habitation_n whereas_o have_v all_o be_v earth_n all_o the_o species_n of_o fish_n have_v be_v lose_v and_o all_o those_o commodity_n which_o the_o water_n afford_v we_o or_o all_o water_n there_o have_v be_v no_o live_n for_o plant_n or_o terrestrial_a animal_n or_o man_n himself_o and_o all_o the_o beauty_n glory_n and_o variety_n of_o this_o inferior_a world_n have_v be_v go_v nothing_o be_v to_o be_v see_v but_o one_o uniform_a dark_a body_n of_o water_n or_o have_v all_o be_v mix_v and_o make_v up_o of_o water_n and_o earth_n into_o one_o body_n of_o mud_n or_o mire_n as_o one_o will_v think_v shall_v be_v most_o natural_a for_o why_o such_o a_o separation_n as_o at_o present_a we_o find_v shall_v be_v make_v no_o account_n can_v be_v give_v but_o providence_n i_o say_v have_v all_o this_o globe_n be_v mire_n or_o mud_n then_o can_v there_o have_v be_v no_o possibility_n for_o any_o animal_n at_o all_o to_o have_v live_v except_v some_o few_o and_o those_o