the_o air_n abroad_o be_v much_o heat_v at_o that_o time_n of_o the_o year_n which_o be_v in_o that_o season_n or_o at_o least_o very_a near_o it_o that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v call_v the_o dogg-day_n chap._n four_o and_o as_o we_o have_v show_v that_o the_o subterraneal_a air_n even_o in_o the_o first_o region_n be_v usual_o much_o less_o heat_v than_o the_o superterrestriall_a air_n so_o we_o may_v also_o easy_o observe_v that_o that_o inferior_a air_n be_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la wont_a to_o be_v much_o less_o refrigerated_a by_o the_o grand_a efficient_n of_o intense_a cold_a than_o the_o superior_a air._n i_o will_v not_o urge_v on_o this_o occasion_n what_o i_o have_v observe_v by_o a_o sure_a way_n then_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v have_v be_v before_o practise_v about_o the_o smoke_n of_o some_o spring_n in_o frosty_a wether_n because_o i_o do_v not_o know_v but_o that_o those_o spring_n may_v have_v come_v from_o or_o pass_v a_o good_a way_n through_o some_o place_n very_o 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ought_v not_o to_o be_v affect_v with_o winter_n cold_a so_o much_o as_o that_o contiguous_a to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n from_o who_o immediate_a contact_n it_o be_v by_o a_o thick_a arch_n of_o earth_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o defend_v and_o that_o the_o cold_a reign_v most_o in_o the_o free_a air_n and_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n may_v appear_v by_o water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n not_o at_o the_o bottom_n to_o which_o reason_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n i_o shall_v add_v only_o this_o from_o experience_n that_o we_o see_v that_o in_o cellar_n that_o be_v arch_v and_o careful_o keep_v close_o from_o the_o communication_n of_o the_o outward_a air_n beer_n and_o other_o liquor_n may_v be_v keep_v from_o freeze_a in_o frosty_a and_o snowy_a wether_n as_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o cellar_n that_o be_v but_o shallow_a but_o well_o arch_v in_o a_o winter_n that_o be_v sharp_a to_o a_o wonder_n and_o 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orifice_n it_o be_v to_o close_v as_o to_o exclude_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a all_o communication_n between_o the_o internal_a and_o external_a air_n that_o the_o latter_a may_v not_o affect_v the_o former_a with_o its_o coldness_n i_o have_v indeed_o suspect_v that_o in_o some_o cellar_n the_o comparative_a warmth_n we_o find_v there_o may_v be_v partly_o due_a to_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n that_o be_v pen_v up_o in_o they_o and_o perhaps_o too_o in_o some_o measure_n from_o the_o steam_n of_o the_o ferment_a or_o ferment_v liquor_n lodge_v in_o those_o place_n and_o i_o be_v somewhat_o confirm_v in_o this_o suspicion_n by_o a_o information_n my_o inquiry_n obtain_v from_o the_o new_o mention_v doctor_n who_o tell_v i_o upon_o his_o own_o observation_n that_o in_o one_o of_o the_o cellar_n he_o make_v use_v of_o at_o moscow_n have_v occasion_n to_o open_v the_o above_o mention_v trap-door_n after_o the_o cellar_n have_v for_o a_o good_a while_n be_v keep_v very_o close_o shut_v there_o come_v out_o at_o the_o vent_n that_o be_v thereby_o give_v a_o copious_a steam_n in_o the_o form_n of_o smoke_n which_o to_o they_o who_o have_v their_o body_n affect_v with_o the_o external_a air_n be_v very_o sensible_o warm_a and_o be_v almost_o unfit_a for_o respiration_n which_o circumstance_n increase_v my_o suspicion_n that_o there_o may_v be_v among_o these_o steame_n some_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o come_v from_o ferment_a liquor_n especial_o wine_n and_o so_o abound_v in_o some_o cellar_n as_o almost_o to_o stifle_v those_o that_o venture_v into_o those_o vault_n and_o to_o kill_v some_o of_o they_o outright_o which_o effect_n the_o long_a abode_n of_o subterraneal_a steam_n in_o stagnate_v air_n even_o in_o many_o place_n where_o no_o metalline_a oar_n at_o all_o not_o other_o noxious_a mineral_n have_v be_v find_v have_v enable_v that_o air_n to_o produce_v of_o which_o divers_a sad_a instance_n have_v be_v give_v within_o less_o than_o a_o mile_n of_o this_o place_n upon_o man_n first_o go_v down_o into_o pit_n or_o well_n that_o have_v not_o in_o a_o long_a time_n be_v open_v or_o make_v use_n of_o but_o this_o be_v here_o mention_v only_o upon_o the_o by_o nor_o have_v we_o any_o necessity_n to_o fly_v to_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n for_o the_o comparative_a warmth_n that_o good_a cellar_n in_o general_n afford_v in_o frosty_a weather_n since_o that_o phaenomenon_n may_v be_v account_v for_o by_o the_o reason_n former_o give_v that_o the_o closeness_n of_o the_o cavity_n and_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o side_n and_o roof_n keep_v it_o from_o be_v vehement_o affect_v with_o the_o cold_a of_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n i_o know_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o the_o warmth_n we_o speak_v of_o proceed_v from_o a_o antiperistasis_n but_o not_o now_o to_o engage_v in_o a_o controversy_n that_o will_v take_v up_o too_o much_o time_n it_o may_v here_o suffice_v to_o represent_v that_o in_o our_o case_n there_o appear_v no_o necessity_n of_o recur_v to_o it_o the_o phaenomenon_n be_v solvable_a by_o the_o region_n new_o cite_v which_o may_v be_v confirm_v by_o this_o experiment_n that_o in_o the_o vault_a cellar_n above_o mention_v wherein_o beer_n be_v keep_v from_o freeze_a in_o a_o almost_o prodigious_o sharp_a winter_n the_o include_v air_n though_o sensible_o warm_a to_o those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o free_a air_n have_v not_o so_o intend_v its_o native_a heat_n as_o the_o assertor_n of_o antiperistasis_n will_v have_v expect_v be_v cold_o than_o the_o free_a air_n common_o be_v in_o that_o place_n not_o only_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n but_o in_o other_o season_n when_o the_o weather_n be_v temperate_a as_o i_o be_v assure_v by_o compare_v my_o own_o observation_n make_v at_o other_o time_n with_o the_o account_n bring_v i_o by_o a_o skilful_a person_n who_o i_o employ_v into_o that_o cellar_n at_o late_a hour_n in_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o sharp_a night_n of_o the_o forementioned_a cruel_a winter_n with_o the_o same_o excellent_a seal_a weatherglass_n that_o i_o have_v long_o keep_v suspend_v within_o a_o stone_n cast_v of_o that_o place_n chap._n v._n have_v say_v thus_o much_o about_o the_o earth_n uppermost_a region_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o that_o which_o lie_v next_o beneath_o it_o who_o temperature_n i_o can_v so_o convenient_o give_v a_o account_n of_o in_o less_o than_o two_o proposition_n whereof_o the_o first_o be_v this_o proposition_n the_o first_o the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n seem_v to_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n cold_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o other_o two_o this_o proposition_n may_v be_v confirm_v partly_o by_o reason_n and_o partly_o by_o experience_n and_o first_o it_o seem_v consonant_a to_o reason_n that_o since_o
the_o earth_n be_v natural_o a_o body_n consist_v of_o gross_a and_o heavy_a part_n that_o be_v usual_o much_o less_o agitate_a than_o those_o of_o our_o organ_n of_o feel_v it_o shall_v as_o to_o sense_n be_v cold_a and_o that_o therefore_o that_o quality_n may_v be_v just_o ascribe_v to_o it_o in_o that_o region_n where_o by_o virtue_n of_o its_o situation_n it_o be_v keep_v from_o be_v considerable_o affect_v either_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o superior_a air_n or_o by_o that_o of_o the_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o upper_a and_o low_a heat_n be_v the_o two_o agent_n that_o seem_v of_o all_o other_o the_o most_o likely_a to_o put_v its_o part_n into_o a_o unusual_a motion_n and_o thereby_o change_v its_o natural_a temper_n that_o our_o proposition_n be_v also_o confirmable_a by_o experience_n may_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o relation_n set_v down_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o discourse_n and_o here_o it_o will_v be_v proper_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o advertisement_n intimate_v in_o the_o close_a of_o our_o above_o deliver_v proposition_n that_o this_o coldness_n ascribe_v to_o the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v comparative_o to_o the_o other_o two_o for_o otherwise_o that_o even_o this_o earth_n be_v not_o as_o many_o naturallist_n will_v have_v it_o the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la i_o gather_v from_o this_o that_o i_o can_v never_o hear_v of_o any_o ice_n meet_v with_o there_o at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n though_o snow_n or_o hail_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o middle_a region_n at_o differ_v and_o sometime_o quite_o opposite_a season_n of_o the_o year_n nay_o i_o have_v not_o find_v by_o the_o answer_n that_o be_v make_v i_o by_o those_o that_o have_v descend_v far_o enough_o into_o this_o region_n that_o they_o find_v the_o cold_a any_o where_o very_o great_a or_o that_o in_o some_o place_n they_o have_v find_v it_o at_o all_o considerable_a as_o we_o shall_v see_v in_o the_o explication_n of_o the_o next_o proposition_n i_o know_v not_o whether_o it_o will_v much_o strengthen_v what_o have_v be_v say_v if_o i_o add_v that_o i_o learn_v by_o inquiry_n of_o such_o person_n as_o i_o late_o mention_v that_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o deep_a grooves_n in_o mine_n the_o steam_n that_o ascend_v do_v often_o feel_v warm_a though_o the_o outward_a air_n where_o the_o observation_n be_v make_v be_v affect_v with_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n but_o though_o this_o probable_o argue_v that_o if_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n through_o which_o these_o steam_n must_v ascend_v be_v very_o intense_o cold_a they_o will_v be_v so_o refrigerated_a in_o their_o passage_n as_o to_o feel_v rather_o cold_a than_o hot_a at_o their_o appear_v above_o ground_n especial_o in_o summer_n yet_o i_o shall_v not_o lay_v much_o weight_n for_o some_o may_v perhaps_o be_v allow_v it_o upon_o this_o argument_n because_o i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v how_o far_o a_o warm_a steam_n may_v be_v alter_v in_o its_o passage_n through_o a_o cold_a conduit_n not_o to_o mention_v that_o in_o the_o earth_n the_o passage_n by_o be_v direct_o upward_o may_v be_v much_o the_o nimbly_o traverse_v chap._n 6._o the_o second_o proposition_n relate_v to_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v deliver_v in_o these_o term_n proposition_n the_o 3_o in_o several_a place_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n one_o will_v refer_v to_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o it_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v very_o differ_v at_o the_o same_o time_n of_o the_o year_n i_o choose_v to_o express_v myself_o thus_o to_o prevent_v some_o ambiguity_n and_o objection_n which_o i_o foresee_v that_o short_a but_o less_o dear_a and_o full_a expression_n may_v give_v occasion_n to_o in_o the_o proof_n of_o our_o proposition_n both_o experience_n and_o reason_n may_v distinct_o be_v employ_v and_o to_o begin_v with_o experience_n whereas_o in_o the_o above_o recite_v descent_n into_o the_o hungarian-mine_n there_o be_v observe_v a_o notable_o cold_a region_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n i_o have_v purposely_o procure_v account_n from_o divers_a person_n that_o have_v here_o in_o england_n have_v occasion_n some_o of_o they_o frequent_o to_o descend_v into_o deep_a pit_n or_o grooves_n of_o differ_v mineral_n without_o find_v by_o the_o narratives_n they_o make_v i_o that_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o notable_o cold_a part_n that_o they_o pass_v through_o unless_o i_o particular_o ask_v a_o question_n about_o such_o a_o thing_n but_o for_o aught_o i_o can_v gather_v from_o their_o spontaneous_a relation_n they_o feel_v in_o summertime_n a_o remission_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o external_a air_n assoon_o as_o ever_o they_o begin_v to_o descend_v which_o warmth_n do_v not_o so_o far_o decrease_v as_o to_o terminate_v in_o any_o notable_a coldness_n before_o they_o come_v into_o a_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o they_o be_v never_o trouble_v with_o that_o quality_n and_o some_o of_o these_o relation_n i_o have_v from_o profess_a miner_n and_o be_v curious_a that_o the_o relation_n i_o procure_v shall_v be_v of_o subterraneal_a part_n seat_v in_o very_o differ_v part_n of_o england_n as_o well_o as_o of_o place_n not_o all_o or_o most_o of_o they_o have_v vein_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o mineral_n and_o i_o learn_v by_o particlar_a inquiry_n from_o a_o practical_a mathematician_n that_o be_v often_o employ_v about_o lead-mine_n that_o at_o such_o depth_n as_o according_a to_o morinus_n the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n reach_v to_o he_o himself_o observe_v it_o to_o be_v sensible_o warm_a at_o all_o season_n of_o the_o year_n for_o about_o that_o circumstance_n i_o be_v peculiar_o solicitous_a to_o be_v satisfy_v nor_o be_v it_o unconsonant_a to_o reason_n that_o the_o middle_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o sense_n mean_v in_o the_o proposition_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o the_o same_o temperature_n in_o all_o place_n not_o only_o because_o of_o the_o difference_n which_o the_o climate_n may_v produce_v by_o reason_n of_o its_o be_v very_o much_o hot_a or_o very_o much_o cold_a in_o one_o place_n then_o in_o another_o but_o from_o the_o peculiar_a constitution_n of_o the_o soil_n to_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o i_o shall_v here_o confine_v myself_o now_o this_o temperament_n of_o the_o soil_n itself_o may_v be_v divertify_v not_o only_o by_o its_o great_a or_o lesser_a compactnesse_n upon_o which_o account_n some_o soil_n be_v rocky_a or_o stony_a and_o other_o light_n and_o spungy_a but_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o spring_n or_o subterraneous_a liquor_n that_o may_v abound_v in_o it_o or_o strain_n through_o it_o into_o the_o groove_n or_o pit_n we_o suppose_v the_o observer_n to_o be_v in_o and_o that_o especial_o by_o the_o mineral_n particular_o salt_n and_o marchasite_n that_o grow_v near_o the_o side_n of_o the_o well_o or_o be_v bring_v thither_o by_o the_o water_n to_o illustrate_v this_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o consider_v that_o nature_n do_v not_o regulate_v herself_o under_o ground_n by_o our_o imaginary_a division_n but_o without_o take_v notice_n of_o they_o produces_z marchasite_n salt_n and_o other_o mineral_n most_o frequent_o perhaps_o in_o what_o we_o call_v the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o yet_o sometime_o to_o in_o our_o upper_a region_n and_o oftentimes_o in_o our_o middlemost_a region_n let_v we_o then_o suppose_v that_o in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o last_o name_v region_n there_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o that_o earth_n that_o natural_o abound_v with_o embryonated_a nitre_n or_o with_o some_o other_o salt_n that_o be_v apt_a especial_o be_v dissolve_v or_o moisten_v with_o water_n a_o thing_n very_o familiar_o to_o be_v meet_v within_o in_o mine_n to_o send_v out_o a_o refrigerate_v effluvium_fw-la or_o by_o its_o contact_n to_o cool_v the_o air._n let_v we_o also_o suppose_v that_o by_o the_o side_n of_o another_o well_o of_o the_o same_o depth_n there_o be_v store_n of_o unripe_a mineral_n that_o be_v in_o the_o process_n of_o generation_n or_o rather_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o marchasiticall_a earth_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o that_o be_v such_o a_o substance_n as_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o in_o more_o than_o one_o place_n copious_o impregnate_v and_o as_o it_o be_v blend_v with_o mineral_n of_o a_o marchasiticall_a nature_n and_o yet_o of_o so_o open_a and_o loose_v a_o texture_n as_o not_o only_a water_n will_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n but_o air_n also_o will_v in_o not_o very_o many_o evident_o work_v upon_o it_o and_o since_o during_o the_o time_n that_o marchasite_n be_v slow_o dissolve_v it_o have_v be_v observe_v according_a to_o what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v heat_n deliver_v
effect_n the_o relation_n here_o mean_v be_v afford_v we_o by_o the_o follow_a passage_n take_v out_o of_o the_o voyage_n of_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr mont_n into_o new-france_n whereof_o he_o go_v to_o be_v governor_n where_o the_o relator_n thus_o recite_v his_o observation_n about_o the_o eighteen_o day_n of_o june_n we_o find_v the_o sea-water_n during_o three_o day_n space_n very_o warm_a and_o by_o the_o same_o warmth_n our_o wine_n also_o be_v warm_a in_o the_o bottom_n of_o our_o ship_n yet_o the_o air_n be_v no_o hot_a than_o before_o and_o the_o 21_o of_o the_o say_a month_n quite_o contrary_a we_o be_v 2_o or_o 3_o day_n so_o much_o compass_v with_o mist_n and_o cold_a that_o we_o think_v ourselves_o to_o be_v in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n and_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v extreme_a cold_a which_o continue_v with_o we_o until_o we_o come_v upon_o the_o bank_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a mist_n which_o outward_o do_v procure_v this_o cold_a unto_o we_o this_o 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near_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o groove_n he_o feel_v the_o air_n yet_o warm_a but_o afterward_o descend_v towards_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o groove_n he_o feel_v it_o cold_a till_o he_o come_v to_o such_o a_o depth_n as_o he_o have_v scarce_o attain_v by_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n descent_n and_o that_o the_o cold_a he_o feel_v during_o this_o time_n seem_v to_o he_o considerable_a especial_o when_o in_o descend_v he_o have_v reach_v to_o a_o good_a depth_n that_o after_o he_o have_v pass_v that_o cold_a region_n he_o begin_v by_o degree_n to_o come_v into_o a_o warm_a one_o which_o increase_v in_o heat_n as_o he_o go_v deep_a and_o deep_o so_o that_o in_o the_o deep_a vein_n he_o find_v the_o workman_n dig_v with_o only_a a_o slight_a garment_n over_o they_o and_o the_o subterraneal_a heat_n be_v much_o great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o free_a air_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o groove_n though_o it_o be_v then_o summer_n what_o be_v here_o mention_v of_o a_o cold_a region_n 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easy_o believe_v he_o when_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o feel_v it_o much_o the_o cold_o because_o he_o have_v leave_v of_o his_o own_o clothes_n and_o put_v on_o the_o slight_a garment_n use_v there_o by_o the_o digger_n he_o further_o inform_v his_o reader_n that_o when_o they_o have_v descend_v about_o 80_o fathom_n beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n he_o begin_v to_o feel_v a_o breath_n of_o a_o almost_o lukewarm_a air_n which_o warmth_n increase_v upon_o he_o as_o he_o descend_v low_a please_v he_o not_o a_o little_a because_o it_o free_v he_o from_o the_o troublesome_a scent_n of_o his_o former_a coldness_n add_v that_o the_o overseer_n of_o the_o mine_n who_o conduct_v he_o affirm_v to_o he_o as_o also_o the_o officer_n of_o other_o hungarian_a mine_n unanimous_o do_v that_o in_o all_o their_o mine_n at_o least_o all_o the_o deep_a one_o after_o a_o thick_a tract_n of_o cold_a earth_n there_o succeed_v a_o low_a region_n that_o be_v always_o hot_a and_o that_o after_o they_o arrive_v at_o such_o a_o depth_n they_o feel_v not_o any_o more_o cold_a but_o always_o heat_n how_o deep_a soever_o they_o dig_v and_o to_o add_v upon_o the_o by_o though_o this_o learned_a man_n lie_v much_o weight_n upon_o antiperistasis_n yet_o in_o the_o next_o page_n to_o those_o that_o contain_v what_o i_o have_v be_v just_a now_o relate_v he_o either_o very_o candid_o or_o inconsiderate_o take_v notice_n that_o they_o inform_v he_o that_o their_o mine_n whether_o more_a or_o less_o deep_a they_o observe_v that_o at_o some_o time_n in_o the_o year_n a_o somewhat_o intenser_n heat_n be_v feel_v and_o the_o two_o time_n that_o he_o express_o name_n be_v those_o opposite_o qualify_v season_n of_o summer_n and_o winter_n have_v lay_v down_o these_o general_a narrative_n i_o now_o proceed_v to_o consider_v the_o earth_n region_n in_o particular_a about_o which_o the_o sum_n of_o what_o i_o yet_o have_v to_o propound_v may_v be_v convenient_o enough_o comprise_v in_o the_o 4_o follow_a proposition_n chap._n iii_o proposition_n the_o 1._o the_o first_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v very_o variable_a both_o as_o to_o bound_n and_o as_o to_o temperature_n the_o former_a part_n of_o this_o observation_n will_v not_o be_v difficult_a to_o prove_v since_o it_o will_v be_v easy_o grant_v that_o the_o manifest_a operation_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la great_a and_o reach_v further_a in_o hot_a climate_n then_o in_o cold_a one_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n then_o in_o the_o depth_n of_o winter_n the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o observation_n may_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o same_o argument_n as_o the_o first_o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v as_o to_o some_o place_n the_o solidity_n or_o porousness_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o also_o the_o nature_n of_o some_o salt_n marchasite_n and_o other_o body_n contain_v in_o it_o which_o by_o their_o natural_a temperature_n may_v dispose_v the_o soil_n to_o coldness_n or_o heat_n as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o show_v when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o second_o region_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o have_v this_o to_o observe_v further_o that_o in_o this_o first_o region_n the_o air_n be_v usual_o more_o temperate_a as_o to_o cold_a and_o heat_n then_o that_o above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o this_o region_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v considerable_o deep_a both_o part_n of_o which_o observation_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v make_v good_a by_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v they_o joint_o that_o in_o the_o uppermost_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o shall_v be_v less_o cold_a than_o above_o the_o surface_n seem_v reasonable_a to_o be_v allow_v upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o the_o subterraneal_a cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v shelter_v by_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o side_n from_o the_o direct_a action_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n the_o wind_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v also_o keep_v from_o a_o immediate_a or_o at_o least_o from_o so_o full_a a_o contact_n of_o the_o external_a air_n when_o that_o be_v vehement_o either_o heat_v or_o refrigerated_a and_o first_o as_o to_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n that_o that_o do_v much_o less_o powerful_o affect_v such_o place_n as_o be_v shelter_v from_o its_o action_n by_o solid_a body_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o conservatory_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n wherein_o freeze_a water_n be_v keep_v in_o that_o state_n during_o all_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o that_o oftentimes_o in_o cavity_n that_o be_v at_o no_o considerable_a depth_n beneath_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n nay_o i_o remember_v that_o have_v have_v occasion_n for_o the_o perfect_a of_o some_o conclusion_n i_o be_v try_v to_o keep_v ice_n many_o week_n after_o the_o frosty_a wether_n be_v go_v and_o a_o mild_a season_n be_v come_v in_o i_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o contrary_a to_o the_o expectation_n of_o some_o curious_a man_n without_o either_o dig_v to_o a_o notable_a depth_n in_o the_o ground_n or_o build_v any_o substantial_a structure_n over_o the_o cavity_n for_o want_v conveniency_n i_o content_v myself_o though_o it_o be_v in_o a_o champain_n place_n with_o a_o pit_n somewhat_o broad_a at_o the_o bottom_n of_o about_o four_o foot_n deep_a or_o less_o who_o mouth_n be_v shelter_v only_o by_o a_o little_a low_a thatch_a hovel_n that_o be_v wide_o open_a to_o the_o north_n and_o only_o screen_v the_o mouth_n or_o vent_v of_o the_o little_a pit_n from_o the_o direct_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o though_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o in_o deep_a conservatory_n of_o snow_n the_o natural_a coldness_n of_o the_o earth_n especial_o in_o some_o place_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o effect_n yet_o i_o remember_v that_o discourse_v once_o with_o a_o traveller_n and_o scholar_n that_o be_v bear_v in_o hot_a country_n of_o a_o conjecture_n of_o i_o that_o in_o a_o arch_a building_n who_o wall_n be_v sufficient_o thick_a and_o who_o air_n be_v careful_o keep_v from_o all_o avoidable_a intercourse_n with_o the_o external_a air_n one_o may_v without_o dig_v so_o much_o as_o a_o man_n depth_n into_o the_o ground_n make_v a_o sufficient_a conservatory_n for_o ice_n in_o very_o open_a and_o unshelter_v place_n and_o even_o such_o as_o salisbury_z plain_a itself_o discourse_v as_o i_o begin_v to_o say_v with_o this_o traveller_n about_o this_o conjecture_n he_o tell_v i_o that_o at_o a_o place_n he_o name_v to_o i_o in_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o france_n who_o heat_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o exceed_v that_o of_o divers_a part_n of_o italy_n some_o curious_a person_n that_o be_v resolve_v at_o any_o rate_n to_o have_v ice_n in_o summer_n though_o the_o soil_n be_v such_o that_o they_o can_v not_o dig_v 4_o foot_n without_o meeting_n with_o water_n be_v yet_o able_a to_o make_v use_n of_o conservatory_n by_o cover_v the_o brick-building_n they_o make_v over_o their_o pit_n with_o clay_n and_o sand_n to_o a_o very_a considerable_a thickness_n and_o take_v care_n that_o the_o only_a place_n that_o shall_v permit_v access_n to_o the_o outward_a air_n shall_v be_v a_o small_a northern_a door_n to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o at_o fit_v to_o shut_v exact_o close_a and_o fence_v with_o a_o little_a porch_n furnish_v with_o another_o door_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o affirm_v these_o gentleman_n to_o reserve_v the_o include_v ice_n not_o only_o all_o the_o summer_n long_o but_o sometime_o for_o two_o or_o three_o year_n together_o the_o heat_n of_o that_o region_n make_v many_o of_o their_o winter_n too_o mild_a to_o recruit_v they_o with_o ice_n to_o all_o these_o thing_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o even_o where_o the_o intercourse_n be_v not_o quite_o debar_v but_o leave_v free_a enough_o betwixt_o the_o subterraneal_a and_o the_o superior_a air_n the_o operation_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n may_v be_v very_o much_o less_o in_o a_o cavity_n though_o but_o shallow_a beneath_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n then_o above_o it_o for_o beside_o that_o trial_n have_v inform_v i_o that_o liquor_n that_o differ_v in_o little_a else_o then_o in_o consistence_n will_v not_o so_o easy_o pervade_v each_o other_o as_o a_o man_n will_v surmise_v unless_o some_o external_a motion_n hasten_v their_o intimate_a mingle_n with_o one_o another_o i_o remember_v that_o one_o morning_n pretty_a late_a have_v have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o descend_v into_o a_o pit_n where_o they_o be_v dig_v out_o iron_n oar_n though_o this_o cavity_n have_v not_o very_o narrow_a orifice_n and_o be_v dug_n direct_o downward_o and_o exceed_v not_o ten_o or_o twelve_o foot_n in_o depth_n yet_o i_o find_v not_o the_o heat_n at_o all_o troublesome_a whilst_o i_o stay_v there_o though_o the_o pit_n be_v in_o a_o open_a field_n unshade_v by_o tree_n and_o though_o
the_o tract_n here_o point_v at_o be_v a_o discourse_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o heat_n that_o many_o of_o they_o will_v conceive_v a_o very_a considerable_a degree_n of_o heat_n will_v it_o not_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o place_n that_o abound_v with_o these_o marchasiticall_a mineral_n will_v be_v very_o warm_a in_o comparison_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o other_o place_n where_o the_o soil_n do_v plentiful_o produce_v nitrous_a and_o other_o refrigerate_a body_n though_o both_o the_o place_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v at_o the_o same_o distance_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o consequent_o in_o the_o same_o subterraneous_a region_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n it_o may_v also_o be_v suspect_v that_o in_o the_o same_o place_n the_o temperature_n may_v not_o be_v always_o the_o same_o even_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o soil_n for_o i_o elsewhere_o show_v that_o some_o saline_n earth_n especial_o nitrous_a and_o some_o mineral_n that_o partake_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o marchasite_n admit_v a_o kind_n of_o gradual_a maturation_n and_o perhaps_o other_o change_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v spontaneous_a and_o that_o such_o change_n happen_v the_o more_o notable_o in_o those_o part_n of_o such_o body_n that_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n as_o those_o be_v that_o chance_n to_o be_v place_v at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o deep_a well_n we_o be_v talk_v of_o which_o thing_n be_v presuppose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v absurd_a to_o conceive_v that_o the_o mineral_n to_o which_o either_o heat_n or_o cold_a be_v to_o be_v refer_v may_v be_v more_o copious_a ripe_a and_o operative_a at_o one_o time_n then_o at_o another_o or_o that_o at_o length_n all_o the_o earth_n capable_a of_o be_v as_o it_o be_v assimilate_v by_o the_o mineral_n rudiment_n harbour_v in_o it_o may_v be_v consume_v or_o the_o mineral_n itself_o may_v arrive_v at_o a_o perfection_n of_o maturity_n which_o will_v make_v its_o texture_n so_o close_o as_o to_o be_v unfit_a to_o be_v penetrate_v and_o wrought_v upon_o as_o before_z by_o the_o water_n or_o other_o liquor_n that_o occasion_v its_o incalescence_n chap_n vii_o i_o omit_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o transient_a change_n that_o may_v be_v occasion_v in_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o second_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o several_a accident_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n that_o in_o some_o place_n and_o time_n copious_o ascend_v out_o of_o the_o low_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n nor_o shall_v i_o insist_v upon_o any_o of_o the_o other_o cause_n of_o a_o more_o durable_a difference_n of_o temper_n in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o second_o region_n such_o as_o may_v be_v the_o vicinity_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n in_o the_o three_o region_n that_o heat_n the_o incumbent_a soil_n because_o i_o will_v hasten_v to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o part_n of_o this_o discourse_n which_o yet_o i_o must_v not_o do_v without_o premise_v this_o advertisement_n that_o i_o think_v myself_o oblige_v to_o speak_v the_o more_o hesitant_o and_o diffident_o about_o the_o temperature_n of_o subterraneal_a air_n because_o mineralist_n have_v not_o have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o examine_v it_o by_o weather-glass_n which_o will_v give_v we_o much_o more_o trusty_a information_n than_o our_o sense_n of_o feel_v powerful_o preaffect_v by_o the_o cold_a or_o heat_n of_o the_o external_a air._n i_o do_v indeed_o send_v fit_a instrument_n to_o some_o day_n journey_n from_o this_o place_n to_o examine_v the_o air_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o of_o our_o deep_a mine_n but_o through_o some_o unlucky_a casualty_n upon_o the_o place_n the_o attempt_n miscarry_v but_o when_o i_o shall_v god_n assist_v recover_v a_o opportunity_n that_o i_o have_v since_o want_v i_o hope_v a_o accurate_a seal_a weatherglass_n join_v with_o a_o portable_a baroscope_n will_v give_v i_o better_a information_n than_o mineralist_n have_v yet_o do_v i_o say_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n because_o though_o common_a thermoscope_n have_v be_v employ_v by_o miner_n i_o dare_v not_o rely_v upon_o they_o be_v persuade_v by_o trial_n purposely_o make_v as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n of_o the_o fallaciousnesse_n of_o such_o thermoscope_n for_o in_o they_o the_o include_v air_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v wrought_v upon_o not_o only_o by_o the_o heat_n and_o coldness_n but_o by_o the_o weight_n or_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air._n so_o that_o if_o a_o thermoscope_n be_v let_v down_o from_o a_o very_a considerable_a height_n at_o the_o top_n of_o which_o the_o station_n of_o the_o pendulous_a liquor_n be_v well_o mark_v that_o liquor_n will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v rise_v when_o the_o instrument_n rest_v at_o the_o bottom_n as_o if_o the_o include_v air_n be_v manifest_o refrigerated_a though_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o external_a air_n may_v be_v in_o both_o place_n alike_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o pendulous_a liquor_n rise_v be_v indeed_o that_o the_o aereall_a pillar_n incumbent_a on_o the_o stagnant_a liquor_n be_v high_a and_o heavy_a at_o the_o bottom_n where_o the_o instrument_n rest_v then_o that_o which_o lean_v upon_o it_o at_o its_o first_o or_o upper_a station_n near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v be_v easy_a to_o conclude_v that_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o deep_a groove_n where_o the_o atmosphericall_a pillar_n that_o press_v the_o stagnant_a water_n will_v be_v much_o long_o and_o heavy_a than_o at_o the_o top_n the_o air_n may_v appear_v by_o the_o instrument_n to_o be_v cold_a in_o place_n where_o it_o be_v real_o much_o hot_a the_o increase_a weight_n of_o the_o incumbent_a air_n be_v more_o forcible_a to_o impel_v up_o the_o pendulous_a liquor_n than_o the_o endeavour_n of_o expansion_n procure_v in_o the_o include_v air_n by_o the_o warmth_n of_o the_o place_n be_v to_o depress_v it_o chap._n viii_o that_o which_o challenge_v the_o three_o and_o last_o part_n of_o my_o discourse_n be_v the_o lowermost_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n about_o who_o temperature_n i_o shall_v comprise_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v in_o the_o follow_a proposition_n proposition_n the_o 4._o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v constant_o and_o sensible_o warm_a but_o not_o uniform_o so_o be_v in_o some_o place_n considerable_o hot_a i_o mention_v that_o the_o recite_v temperature_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o low_a region_n because_o i_o will_v intimate_v that_o i_o will_v have_v the_o proposition_n understand_v with_o this_o limitation_n as_o far_o as_o have_v be_v yet_o that_o i_o know_v of_o observe_v for_o almost_o all_o the_o deep_a grooves_n that_o mineralist_n have_v give_v we_o account_n of_o and_o wherein_o man_n have_v wrought_v long_o enough_o to_o take_v sufficient_a notice_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n have_v be_v make_v in_o soil_n furnish_v with_o metalline_a oar_n or_o other_o mineral_n without_o which_o man_n will_v not_o be_v invite_v to_o be_v at_o so_o great_a a_o charge_n as_o that_o of_o sink_v so_o very_o deep_a pit_n and_o maintain_v workman_n in_o they_o so_o that_o experience_n have_v yet_o but_o slender_o or_o at_o least_o not_o sufficient_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o temperature_n of_o those_o part_n of_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v not_o furnish_v with_o ponderous_a mineral_n and_o consequent_o have_v not_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o lowermost_a region_n in_o general_a as_o will_n better_o appear_v by_o what_o i_o shall_v ere_o long_o represent_v have_v premise_v this_o advertisement_n about_o our_o proposition_n we_o may_v proceed_v to_o the_o distinct_a proof_n of_o the_o two_o part_n or_o member_n it_o consist_v of_o and_o to_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o whatever_o the_o peripatetic_n teach_v of_o the_o innate_a coldness_n of_o the_o earth_n especial_o where_o it_o be_v remote_a from_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o other_o element_n yet_o have_v purposely_o inquire_v of_o several_a person_n that_o visit_v and_o also_o frequent_v the_o three_o region_n in_o differ_v country_n soil_n and_o at_o differ_v depth_n under_o ground_n and_o season_n of_o the_o year_n i_o do_v not_o perceive_v that_o any_o of_o they_o have_v ever_o find_v it_o sensible_o and_o troublesome_a cold_a in_o the_o three_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o remember_v i_o have_v some_o light_a suspicion_n that_o at_o least_o in_o some_o case_n the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o cavity_n wherein_o the_o digger_n be_v in_o divers_a place_n reduce_v to_o work_v may_v make_v the_o warmth_n they_o feel_v proceed_v in_o great_a part_n from_o the_o steam_n of_o their_o own_o body_n and_o perhaps_o of_o the_o mineral_n and_o from_o the_o difficulty_n of_o cool_v or_o ventilate_v the_o blood_n in_o a_o
air_n clog_v with_o steam_n and_o i_o be_v the_o rather_o induce_v to_o think_v this_o possible_a because_o i_o have_v even_o in_o metalline_a mine_n that_o be_v but_o shallow_a and_o very_o free_o accessible_a to_o the_o air_n observe_v a_o strong_a smell_n of_o the_o metal_n abound_v there_o i_o have_v likewise_o find_v by_o several_a trial_n that_o the_o exhalation_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n do_v so_o vitiate_v the_o air_n they_o abound_v in_o as_o to_o make_v it_o much_o less_o fit_a for_o their_o respiration_n and_o to_o be_v apt_a to_o make_v they_o sick_a and_o faint_a wherefore_o i_o think_v it_o not_o altogether_o unfit_a to_o inquire_v whether_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o subterraneal_a air_n in_o such_o place_n as_o have_v be_v new_o mention_v may_v not_o be_v refer_v to_o these_o cause_n but_o i_o be_v answer_v in_o the_o negative_a especial_o by_o a_o inquisitive_a person_n that_o have_v be_v in_o the_o deep_a and_o hot_a mine_n that_o have_v be_v visit_v by_o any_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o this_o way_n of_o account_v for_o the_o subterraneal_a warmth_n be_v lay_v aside_o it_o seem_v i_o confess_v somewhat_o difficult_a to_o conceive_v how_o it_o shall_v be_v produce_v yet_o two_o principal_a cause_n there_o be_v to_o which_o i_o think_v we_o may_v probable_o refer_v the_o temperature_n of_o those_o place_n where_o the_o air_n be_v but_o moderate_o warm_a to_o which_o a_o three_o be_v to_o be_v add_v when_o we_o come_v to_o give_v a_o account_n why_o some_o place_n be_v troublesom_o hot_a and_o first_o why_o the_o coldness_n of_o winter_n shall_v not_o be_v feel_v in_o the_o lowermost_a region_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v that_o the_o air_n there_o be_v too_o remote_a from_o the_o superterrestriall_a air_n to_o be_v much_o affect_v with_o those_o adventitious_a cause_n of_o cold_a that_o make_v that_o quality_n intense_a in_o the_o air_n above_o ground_n but_o because_o this_o reason_n show_v rather_o why_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n low_a region_n much_o cold_o in_o winter_n then_o in_o summer_n but_o not_o why_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o all_o season_n warm_a there_o i_o shall_v add_v as_o a_o conjecture_n that_o the_o positive_a cause_n of_o the_o actual_a warmth_n may_v proceed_v from_o those_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o subterraneal_a region_n which_o lie_v beneath_o those_o place_n which_o man_n have_v yet_o have_v occasion_n and_o ability_n to_o dig_v for_o it_o seem_v probable_a to_o i_o that_o in_o these_o yet_o inpenetrate_v bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v great_a storehouse_n of_o either_o actual_a fire_n or_o place_n considerable_o hot_a or_o in_o some_o region_n of_o both_o from_o which_o reconditory_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o or_o magazine_n of_o hypogeall_a heat_n that_o quality_n be_v communicate_v especial_o by_o subterraneal_a channel_n cleft_n fibres_n or_o other_o conveyance_n to_o the_o less_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n either_o by_o a_o propagation_n of_o heat_n through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o interpose_a part_n of_o the_o soil_n as_o when_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o a_o oven_n be_v remiss_o heat_v by_o the_o same_o agent_n that_o produce_v a_o intense_a heat_n in_o the_o cavity_n or_o by_o a_o more_o easy_a diffusion_n of_o the_o fire_n or_o heat_n through_o the_o above_o mention_v conveyance_n as_o may_v be_v exemplify_v by_o the_o pipe_n that_o convey_v heat_n in_o some_o chemical_a structure_n or_o else_o which_o be_v perhaps_o the_o most_o usual_a way_n by_o send_v upward_o hot_a mineral_n exhalation_n and_o steam_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o comparative_o heavy_a material_n they_o consist_v of_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o being_n less_o disperse_v near_o the_o place_n whence_o they_o proceed_v be_v usual_o more_o plentiful_a in_o the_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o somewhat_o affect_v they_o with_o the_o quality_n that_o they_o bring_v from_o the_o workhouse_n where_o they_o be_v form_v and_o that_o they_o retain_v for_o some_o time_n after_o chap._n ix_o that_o manifest_a steam_n oftentimes_o be_v find_v in_o grooves_n especial_o in_o deep_a one_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o damp_n that_o infest_v most_o of_o they_o and_o that_o in_o distant_a region_n as_o in_o several_a province_n of_o germany_n bohemia_n hungary_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o in_o several_a part_n of_o england_n in_o grooves_n some_o of_o which_o i_o have_v receive_v relation_n from_o the_o mine-man_n themselves_o by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o several_a of_o these_o exhalation_n ascend_v from_o the_o entrails_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v sulphureous_a &_o bituminous_a in_o smell_n and_o in_o some_o grooves_n one_o whereof_o i_o elsewhere_o mention_v myself_o to_o have_v visit_v these_o steam_n be_v apt_a actual_o to_o take_v fire_n the_o warmth_n of_o many_o subterraneal_a exhation_n i_o think_v may_v be_v make_v further_o probable_a by_o some_o other_o observation_n for_o though_o these_o new_o mention_v be_v not_o to_o be_v reject_v and_o may_v be_v employ_v for_o want_v of_o better_a yet_o i_o have_v several_a time_n question_v whether_o i_o ought_v to_o acquiesce_v in_o they_o alone_o for_o i_o do_v not_o think_v the_o easy_a inflammableness_n of_o body_n to_o be_v always_o a_o sure_a proof_n of_o the_o actual_a sensible_a warmth_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v it_o consist_v of_o or_o may_v be_v reduce_v into_o for_o though_o saltpetre_n be_v very_o inflammable_a yet_o be_v by_o a_o solution_n in_o fair_a water_n reduce_v to_o invisible_a corpuscle_n it_o high_o refrigerate_v that_o liquor_n nor_o have_v i_o observe_v its_o fume_n when_o far_o from_o the_o fire_n to_o have_v any_o heat_n sensible_a to_o our_o touch._n and_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o exhalation_n of_o high_o rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o yet_o we_o know_v be_v itself_o total_o inflammable_a nay_o i_o know_v not_o whither_o for_o a_o reason_n elsewhere_o declare_v copious_a exhalation_n may_v not_o ascend_v from_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o yet_o be_v rather_o cold_a than_o hot._n for_o in_o another_o paper_n i_o mention_v a_o way_n by_o which_o i_o make_v a_o mixture_n that_o plentiful_o enough_o enit_v steam_n of_o who_o be_v rather_o of_o a_o cold_a then_o hot_a nature_n there_o be_v this_o probability_n that_o the_o mixture_n whence_o they_o ascend_v even_o whil_v its_o component_a ingredient_n be_v brisk_o act_v upon_o one_o another_o be_v not_o only_o sensible_o but_o considerable_o cold._n one_o main_a thing_n therefore_o that_o induce_v i_o to_o assent_v to_o the_o opinion_n whereto_o the_o former_a instance_n do_v but_o incline_v i_o be_v that_o have_v purposely_o inquire_v of_o a_o observe_a man_n that_o frequent_v deep_a mine_n wherein_o he_o have_v a_o considerable_a share_n he_o answer_v i_o that_o he_o plain_o observe_v the_o fume_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o deep_a pit_n to_o be_v actual_o and_o sensible_o warm_a and_o that_o in_o a_o warm_a season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o morinus_n above_o cite_v speak_v of_o the_o deep_a hungarian-mine_n make_v it_o the_o first_o epithet_n of_o the_o copious_a exhalation_n that_o ascend_v from_o the_o bottom_n that_o it_o be_v hot_a and_o a_o few_o page_n after_o he_o say_v that_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o well_o the_o ascend_a fume_n be_v sensible_o hot_a in_o summer_n itself_o and_o the_o same_o argument_n that_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o give_v to_o show_v that_o there_o be_v very_o hot_a place_n and_o as_o it_o be_v aestuary_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n may_v serve_v to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o the_o steam_n ascend_v thence_o may_v be_v actual_o warm_a that_o also_o in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o no_o grooves_n be_v dug_n and_o no_o visible_a exhalation_n be_v take_v notice_n of_o they_o may_v yet_o pervade_v the_o soil_n and_o exercise_v some_o operation_n of_o warmth_n may_v be_v probable_a by_o this_o that_o the_o experience_a agricola_n himself_o reckon_v it_o among_o the_o sign_n of_o a_o latent_fw-la mineral_n vein_n that_o the_o hoar-frost_n do_v not_o lie_v upon_o that_o tract_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o which_o a_o vein_n though_o perhaps_o very_o deep_a run_v the_o like_a direction_n i_o have_v know_v give_v by_o the_o skilful_a in_o england_n for_o the_o discovery_n of_o place_n that_o contain_v coal-mine_n and_o i_o remember_v a_o near_a relation_n of_o i_o show_v i_o a_o great_a scope_n of_o land_n of_o he_o which_o though_o in_o a_o outward_a appearance_n likely_a to_o be_v as_o cold_a as_o any_o place_n thereabouts_o he_o affirm_v will_v not_o suffer_v snow_n to_o lie_v upon_o it_o above_o a_o day_n or_o two_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n the_o probability_n of_o which_o relation_n be_v confirm_v to_o i_o by_o
by_o his_o cuniculu_n metal_n lib._n v._o 〈◊〉_d vi_o de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metal_n and_o which_o though_o differ_o name_v by_o our_o miner_n in_o several_a part_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o above_o mention_v lead-mine_n call_v a_o drift_n because_o the_o air_n do_v usual_o in_o the_o form_n of_o wind_n drive_v through_o it_o and_o thereby_o enable_v the_o workman_n to_o breath_n free_o and_o convenient_o enough_o at_o the_o very_a bottom_n of_o the_o well_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o remember_v that_o a_o very_a observingrman_n who_o much_o frequent_v these_o mine_n tell_v i_o that_o at_o the_o depth_n of_o no_o less_o than_o about_o 200_o yard_n be_v find_v that_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o air-shaft_n the_o air_n be_v not_o only_o very_o commodious_a for_o respiration_n but_o temperate_a as_o to_o heat_v and_o cold._n and_o when_o i_o further_o ask_v what_o time_n of_o the_o year_n it_o then_o be_v he_o tell_v i_o it_o be_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o august_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o september_n now_o that_o which_o seem_v to_o i_o to_o deserve_v a_o far_a and_o accurate_a observation_n about_o the_o motion_n and_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n in_o these_o artificial_a under_o ground_n cavity_n be_v a_o relation_n of_o agricolas_fw-la which_z though_o he_o be_v the_o most_o classic_a author_n we_o have_v about_o mâ—nes_n have_v not_o that_o i_o know_v of_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o he_o for_o this_o experience_a writter_n though_o in_o his_o treatise_n foras_fw-la treatise_n idcirco_fw-la fâ—robes_n putei_fw-la cuniculi_fw-la effâ—ssi_fw-la complentur_fw-la exteriore_fw-la aere_fw-la atque_fw-la ipsum_fw-la in_o choose_fw-la influere_fw-la imprimis_fw-la hyema_fw-la li_n tempore_fw-la evidens_fw-la est_fw-la in_o duobus_fw-la puteis_fw-la ad_fw-la quorum_fw-la utrumque_fw-la ex_fw-la modico_fw-la intervalh_n cuniculus_fw-la aliquis_fw-la pertinet_fw-la nam_fw-la aer_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la continuo_fw-la influit_fw-la rectâque_fw-la per_fw-la cuniculâ—m_fw-la permeat_fw-la &_o transit_fw-la ad_fw-la alterum_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la rursus_fw-la evolat_fw-la foras_fw-la de_fw-fr ortu_fw-la &_o causis_fw-la subterraneorum_fw-la he_o only_o say_v indefinite_o that_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o cuniculus_fw-la or_o drist_n which_o connect_v the_o air-shaft_n &_o the_o well_o that_o air_n which_o come_v in_o at_o one_o of_o those_o two_o passes_z out_o at_o the_o other_o yet_o in_o his_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallicâ_fw-la he_o give_v a_o more_o particular_a and_o odd_a account_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o air_n in_o these_o not_o over_o clear_a term_n aer_fw-la autem_fw-la exterior_a se_fw-la suâ_fw-la sponte_fw-la sundit_fw-la in_o cava_fw-la terra_fw-la atque_fw-la cum_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la penetrare_fw-la potest_fw-la rursus_fw-la evolat_fw-la soras_fw-la sed_fw-la diversâ_fw-la ratione_fw-la hoc_fw-la sieri_fw-la solet_fw-la etenim_fw-la vernis_fw-la &_o aestivis_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la puteum_fw-la influit_fw-la &_o per_fw-la cuniculum_fw-la vel_fw-la fossam_fw-la latentem_fw-la permeat_fw-la ac_fw-la ex_fw-la humiliori_fw-la effluit_fw-la similiter_fw-la iisdem_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la cuniculum_fw-la infunditur_fw-la &_o interjecto_fw-la puteo_fw-la defluit_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la cuniculum_fw-la atque_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la emanat_fw-la autumnali_fw-la verò_fw-la &_o hyberno_fw-la tempore_fw-la contra_fw-la in_o cuniculum_fw-la vel_fw-la puteum_fw-la humiliorem_fw-la intrat_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la altiori_fw-la exit_fw-la verum_fw-la ea_fw-la fluxionum_fw-la aeris_fw-la mutatio_fw-la in_o temperatis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la initio_fw-la veris_fw-la &_o in_o fine_a antumni_fw-la in_fw-la frigidis_fw-la autem_fw-la in_o fine_a veris_fw-la &_o in_fw-la in_o initio_fw-la autumni_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a that_o the_o air_n in_o both_o the_o mention_v time_n humiliorem_fw-la sed_fw-la aer_fw-la utroque_fw-la tempore_fw-la anteaquam_fw-la cursum_fw-la suum_fw-la illum_fw-la consâ—etum_fw-la coâ—st_fw-la 〈◊〉_d teneat_fw-la plerum_fw-la 〈…〉_o dierum_fw-la spacio_fw-la 〈◊〉_d habet_fw-la mutationes_fw-la 〈…〉_o â—ltiorem_fw-la 〈◊〉_d â—â—el_fw-la cuniculum_fw-la insâ—aens_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la before_o its_o wont_a course_n come_v to_o be_v durable_o settle_v use_v to_o be_v for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o fortnight_n liable_a to_o frequent_a change_n sometime_o flow_v into_o the_o upper_a or_o high_o groove_v or_o drift_n and_o sometime_o into_o the_o low_a and_o pass_v out_o at_o the_o other_o if_o this_o observation_n constant_o hold_v though_o but_o in_o some_o deep_a mine_n it_o may_v hint_n some_o odd_a inquiry_n about_o considerable_a and_o 〈◊〉_d change_v in_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o in_o the_o air_n or_o in_o both_o which_o though_o they_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v consider_v deserve_v be_v so_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o learn_v whether_o any_o such_o thing_n have_v be_v observe_v in_o some_o deep_a lead-mine_n whence_o i_o have_v procure_v divers_a information_n about_o other_o particular_n but_o a_o very_a observe_a person_n that_o have_v the_o chief_a hand_n in_o contrive_v the_o subterraneal_a structure_n there_o assure_v i_o that_o both_o winter_n and_o summer_n the_o current_n of_o air_n go_v constant_o the_o same_o way_n the_o air_n enter_v in_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o air-shaft_n and_o come_v out_o at_o the_o perpendicular_a groove_n which_o take_v its_o denomination_n from_o a_o cave_n or_o casa_n puâ—ealas_n usual_o build_v over_o the_o orifice_n of_o it_o to_o shelter_v the_o workman_n from_o rain_n and_o other_o inconvenience_n and_o since_o the_o write_n of_o this_o i_o find_v in_o morinus_n his_o relation_n already_o mention_v a_o passage_n that_o may_v somewhat_o illustrate_v the_o dark_o express_v observation_n of_o agricola_n for_o the_o late_o mention_v author_n write_v that_o in_o the_o deep_a hungarian-mine_n he_o visit_v the_o outward_a air_n pass_v first_o through_o the_o burrows_n and_o so_o through_o by_o way_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o that_o tend_v not_o direct_o downward_o reach_v at_o length_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o well_o or_o perpendicular_a groove_n whence_o together_o with_o the_o steam_n proceed_v from_o the_o mine_n be_v ascend_v straight_o upward_o but_o morinus_n take_v no_o notice_n at_o all_o of_o agricola_n observation_n about_o the_o differ_a course_n of_o the_o subterraneal_a air_n at_o differ_v season_n of_o the_o year_n though_o as_o i_o find_v by_o what_o he_o write_v elsewhere_o it_o be_v summer_n when_o he_o visit_v the_o mine_n and_o so_o what_o he_o report_v agree_v well_o with_o one_o part_n of_o what_o agricola_n seem_v to_o say_v yet_o as_o to_o the_o other_o and_o principal_a part_n of_o his_o observation_n he_o say_v not_o any_o thing_n and_o the_o sensible_a heat_n he_o ascribe_v to_o the_o steam_n ascend_v out_o of_o the_o perpendicular_a well_o leave_v it_o somewhat_o dubious_a what_o interest_n the_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o subterraneous_a heat_n may_v have_v in_o the_o phaenomena_n we_o have_v be_v discourse_v of_o but_o to_o return_v to_o what_o i_o be_v say_v before_o i_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_n morinus_n which_o perhaps_o it_o will_v not_o be_v impertinent_a to_o add_v that_o i_o loarn_v by_o inquiry_n that_o the_o air-shaft_n and_o the_o well_n be_v in_o these_o mine_n much_o of_o a_o depth_n but_o i_o hope_v ere_o long_o to_o have_v account_n of_o what_o happen_v in_o other_o mine_n in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n as_o to_z the_o course_n of_o the_o subterraneal_a air_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o well_o or_o the_o air-shaft_n depend_v not_o on_o the_o change_n of_o the_o wind_n that_o blow_v above_o ground_n and_o i_o wish_v the_o curious_a will_v employ_v the_o like_a endeavour_n in_o other_o country_n for_o indeed_o what_o i_o have_v hitherto_o discourse_v in_o this_o treatise_n be_v accommodate_v but_o to_o the_o scant_a information_n i_o have_v hitherto_o receive_v and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v rectify_v or_o confirm_v by_o far_a information_n if_o they_o can_v be_v procure_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o think_v i_o may_v probable_o enough_o gather_v from_o the_o pased_a discourse_n that_o though_o in_o some_o mine_n three_o subterraneal_a region_n and_o their_o distinguish_a attribute_n may_v be_v not_o inconvenient_o assign_v yet_o general_o speak_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n as_o far_o as_o we_o know_v it_o both_o the_o bound_n and_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o air_n be_v various_a and_o uncertain_a enough_o and_o much_o less_o have_v we_o any_o certain_a knowledge_n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o more_o inward_a and_o if_o i_o may_v so_o speak_v the_o more_o centrall_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o whether_o there_o be_v not_o a_o continue_a solidity_n or_o great_a tract_n of_o fluid_a matter_n and_o whether_o or_o no_o differ_v region_n be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v and_o what_o their_o number_n order_n thickness_n and_o qualification_n may_v be_v we_o be_v as_o yet_o
ignorant_a and_o shall_v i_o fear_v long_o continue_v so_o for_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v with_o which_o observation_n i_o shall_v conclude_v that_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o discourse_v belong_v only_o to_o the_o temper_n of_o those_o subterraneal_a part_n to_o which_o man_n have_v be_v enable_v to_o reach_v by_o dige_v it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o some_o mine_n especial_o in_o germany_n and_o hungary_n be_v of_o a_o stupendous_a depth_n in_o comparison_n of_o the_o generality_n of_o we_o and_o of_o the_o more_o obvious_a cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o i_o find_v it_o boast_v in_o a_o discourse_n write_v purposely_o of_o the_o various_a mine_n in_o the_o world_n that_o the_o rich_a mine_n at_o sueberg_n be_v 400_o yard_n deep_a and_o they_o be_v scarce_o believe_v that_o relate_v one_o hungarian-mine_a which_o they_o visit_v to_o be_v 400_o sathom_n which_o though_o double_a the_o depth_n of_o the_o former_a reach_v not_o to_o half_a a_o mile_n but_o the_o deep_a of_o all_o the_o mine_n that_o i_o have_v as_o yet_o read_v or_o hear_v of_o from_o any_o credible_a relator_n be_v that_o which_o the_o experience_a agricola_n in_o the_o tract_n he_o call_v bermannus_n cap._n 12._o mention_n to_o be_v at_o cotteberg_n but_o this_o itself_o though_o it_o reach_v to_o above_o 500_o fathom_n that_o be_v 3000_o foot_n yet_o this_o prodigious_a depth_n do_v not_o much_o exceed_v half_o a_o mile_n &_o fall_v short_a of_o three_o quarter_n 13._o licet_fw-la variae_fw-la de_fw-la ambitu_fw-la tervae_fw-la opiniones_fw-la sint_fw-la nobis_fw-la tamen_fw-la propemodum_fw-la constet_fw-la esse_fw-la ipsam_fw-la milliarum_fw-la italiarum_n 26255_o quoth_v in_o maximo_fw-la ad_fw-la terrae_fw-la superficiem_fw-la circulo_fw-la respondeant_fw-la uni_fw-la gradui_fw-la milliaria_fw-la proximè_fw-la 73._o etc._n etc._n gassend_n instit_fw-la astronom_n lib_fw-la 2._o cap._n 13._o and_o how_o small_a a_o part_n be_v that_o of_o the_o whole_a depth_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n who_o semidiameter_n if_o we_o admit_v the_o recent_a account_n of_o the_o learned_a gassendus_fw-la reckon_v at_o 4177._o italian_n mile_n in_o comparison_n of_o which_o as_o i_o be_v say_v how_o small_a a_o thing_n be_v a_o depth_n that_o fall_v very_o short_a of_o a_o single_a mile_n finis_fw-la of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o submarine_n region_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o submarine_n region_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold._a chap._n 1._o though_o the_o aristotelian_o who_o believe_v water_n and_o air_n to_o be_v reciprocal_o transmutable_a do_v thereby_o fancy_v a_o affinity_n between_o they_o that_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o convince_v of_o yet_o i_o ready_o allow_v of_o so_o much_o affinity_n betwixt_o those_o two_o fluid_a body_n as_o invite_v i_o after_o have_v treat_v of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o aerial_a region_n to_o say_v something_o of_o that_o of_o the_o submarine_n region_n which_o name_n of_o submarine_n though_o i_o know_v it_o may_v seem_v improper_a i_o therefore_o scruple_n not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o because_o even_o among_o the_o generality_n of_o learned_a man_n use_n have_v authorize_v the_o name_n of_o subterraneous_a place_n for_o as_o these_o be_v not_o by_o this_o name_n and_o indeed_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v beneath_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o only_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o it_o so_o by_o the_o appellation_n of_o submarine_n region_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o place_n so_o call_v be_v below_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o only_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o but_o to_o come_v from_o word_n to_o thing_n i_o presume_v it_o will_v not_o be_v expect_v that_o i_o that_o never_o pretend_v to_o be_v a_o diver_n shall_v give_v of_o the_o region_n i_o be_o to_o treat_v of_o a_o account_n build_v on_o my_o own_o observation_n and_o i_o hope_v it_o may_v gratify_v a_o reasonable_a curiosity_n about_o a_o subject_n of_o which_o classic_a author_n be_v so_o very_o silent_a and_o about_o which_o philosopher_n seem_v not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o have_v attempt_v any_o experiment_n for_o want_n of_o opportunity_n and_o mean_a to_o make_v they_o i_o offer_v the_o best_a information_n i_o can_v supply_v myself_o what_o by_o purposely_o converse_v with_o person_n that_o have_v dive_v some_o without_o and_o some_o by_o the_o help_n of_o engine_n to_o which_o i_o have_v add_v some_o report_n that_o i_o judge_v fit_a to_o be_v allow_v make_v i_o by_o person_n that_o have_v converse_v with_o the_o divers_a upon_o those_o african_a and_o indian-coast_n where_o the_o most_o famous_a and_o expert_a be_v think_v to_o be_v find_v and_o i_o the_o rather_o report_v the_o answer_n and_o relationsmy_a inquiry_n procure_v because_o the_o information_n they_o give_v we_o concern_v a_o subject_a considerable_a as_o well_o as_o vast_a about_o which_o nevertheless_o i_o among_o many_o other_o be_o not_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o satisfy_v at_o all_o my_o curiosity_n by_o trial_n of_o my_o own_o make_n and_o because_o also_o what_o i_o shall_v say_v will_v probable_o spoil_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o vulgar_a error_n that_o in_o all_o deep_a water_n of_o which_o the_o sea_n be_v the_o chief_a the_o lowermost_a be_v still_o the_o warm_a part_n unless_o in_o case_n that_o in_o some_o very_a hot_a climate_n or_o season_n the_o superficial_a one_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o little_a warm_v by_o the_o extraordinary_a or_o violent_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n chap._n two_o though_o the_o air_n and_o the_o earth_n have_v be_v discriminate_v as_o to_o temperature_n into_o three_o region_n yet_o the_o information_n i_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o invite_v i_o not_o to_o assign_v to_o the_o sea_n any_o more_o than_o two_o the_o former_a of_o which_o may_v be_v suppose_v to_o reach_v from_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o as_o far_o downward_o as_o the_o manifest_a operation_n of_o the_o various_o reflect_v and_o refracted_a beam_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o other_o cause_n of_o warmth_n penetrate_v from_o which_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o region_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o extend_v according_a to_o this_o division_n the_o limit_n of_o this_o upper_a region_n will_v not_o be_v always_o constant_a for_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n and_o other_o hot_a climate_n it_o will_v caeteris_fw-la paribus_fw-la be_v great_a than_o in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n or_o in_o the_o temperate_a zone_n and_o so_o it_o will_v be_v in_o summer_n then_o in_o winter_n and_o in_o hot_a weather_n then_o in_o cold_a suppose_v in_o these_o case_n the_o heat_n to_o come_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n and_o not_o as_o sometime_o it_o may_v do_v from_o the_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n the_o same_o cause_n be_v likewise_o proper_a as_o it_o be_v manifest_a to_o alter_v the_o temperature_n as_o well_o as_o the_o bound_n of_o this_o region_n but_o this_o temperature_n may_v also_o be_v change_v in_o some_o few_o place_n by_o at_o least_o two_o other_o cause_n the_o one_o be_v the_o differ_a constitution_n of_o the_o soil_n that_o compose_v the_o shore_n which_o may_v affect_v the_o neighbour_a water_n if_o it_o do_v extraordinary_o abound_v with_o nitre_n loose_o contex_v marchasite_n or_o other_o substance_n capable_a considerable_o to_o increase_v or_o lessen_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o water_n another_o though_o unfrequent_a cause_n may_v be_v the_o figure_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o less_o deep_a part_n of_o the_o shore_n which_o may_v in_o some_o sort_n reverberate_v the_o heat_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o sun_n and_o upon_o such_o a_o account_n may_v either_o add_v to_o the_o warmth_n or_o allay_v the_o coldness_n that_o will_v else_o be_v find_v in_o the_o neighbour_a water_n for_o whatever_o the_o school_n be_v wont_a to_o teach_v about_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o attrition_n of_o air_n in_o the_o heat_n produce_v by_o the_o sun_n beam_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v by_o experiment_n that_o those_o beam_n may_v considerable_o operate_v upon_o body_n place_v quite_o under_o water_n beside_o these_o two_o case_n that_o may_v occasion_v exception_n to_o the_o general_a observation_n i_o intimate_v by_o the_o word_n at_o least_o that_o there_o may_v be_v other_o because_o to_o mention_v now_o but_o one_o example_n though_o it_o seem_v probable_a from_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v concern_v the_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o heat_n that_o may_v in_o some_o place_n be_v meet_v with_o even_o beneath_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o phaenomenon_n i_o be_o go_v to_o recite_v may_v be_v reduce_v to_o the_o cause_n new_o intimate_v yet_o i_o be_o not_o absolute_o certain_a but_o that_o in_o this_o case_n whereto_o some_o other_o may_v perhaps_o be_v find_v reseble_v some_o other_o cause_n than_o those_o hitherto_o mention_v may_v produce_v or_o concur_v to_o the_o