compass_n observation_n concern_v petrification_n of_o petrify_v water_n though_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o their_o kind_n be_v as_o various_a as_o the_o effect_n they_o produce_v and_o the_o effect_n again_o as_o the_o subject_n they_o work_v on_o yet_o i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o they_o all_o agree_v thus_o far_o that_o they_o proceed_v in_o the_o main_n from_o the_o same_o stock_n and_o lineage_n and_o be_v all_o more_o or_o less_o of_o the_o kindred_n of_o salt_n which_o sublimed_a and_o rarify_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o a_o invisible_a steam_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o water_n as_o their_o most_o agreeable_a vehicle_n and_o bring_v hither_o to_o we_o at_o the_o rise_n of_o spring_n as_o invisible_o as_o the_o particle_n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n when_o each_o be_v dissolve_v in_o its_o proper_a menstruum_fw-la where_o meeting_n perchance_o with_o a_o ambient_fw-la air_n much_o cold_a and_o chill_a than_o any_o under_o ground_n in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v precipitate_v and_o throw_v down_o on_o such_o subject_n as_o they_o casual_o find_v at_o the_o place_n of_o their_o exit_fw-la which_o they_o present_o clothe_v with_o a_o crust_n of_o stone_n or_o else_o where_o precipitation_n or_o cohesion_n will_v not_o suffice_v they_o pass_v with_o the_o water_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o be_v leave_v behind_o in_o they_o just_a as_o in_o a_o filter_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o difference_n may_v probable_o be_v that_o some_o of_o these_o petrify_a steam_n or_o atom_n may_v be_v gross_a and_o more_o bulky_a than_o some_o other_o be_v and_o can_v be_v hold_v up_o in_o the_o watery_a vehicle_n without_o such_o a_o heat_n as_o they_o have_v under_o ground_n but_o fall_v and_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o bigness_n do_v not_o penetrate_v but_o adhere_v to_o their_o subject_n whereas_o other_o that_o be_v fine_a more_o minute_n and_o subtle_a be_v easy_o support_v in_o a_o volatile_a condition_n and_o pass_v with_o the_o water_n into_o the_o close_a texture_n if_o any_o body_n doubt_v whether_o stone_n and_o so_o petrification_n arise_v from_o salt_n let_v he_o but_o consult_v the_o chemist_n and_o ask_v whether_o they_o find_v not_o all_o indurated_a body_n such_o as_o stone_n bone_n shell_n and_o the_o like_a most_o high_o saâ—ed_v with_o the_o saline_n principle_n some_o mixture_n of_o earth_n and_o sulphur_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v in_o they_o which_o give_v the_o opacity_n that_o most_o stone_n have_v from_o which_o according_a as_o they_o arâ—_n more_o or_o less_o free_a they_o have_v proportionable_a transparency_n and_o some_o hardness_n too_o as_o the_o best_a of_o gem_n the_o diamant_n evince_n and_o if_o he_o shall_v ask_v what_o salt_n be_v the_o apt_a to_o perform_v this_o feat_n of_o petrification_n though_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o question_n may_v well_o excuse_v i_o yet_o i_o will_v venture_v thus_o far_o to_o give_v he_o a_o answer_n that_o i_o have_v frequent_o see_v at_o whitstable_n in_o kent_n how_o their_o coperas_fw-la or_o vitriol_n be_v make_v out_o of_o stone_n that_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a be_v first_o make_v out_o of_o that_o to_o the_o spirit_n of_o which_o vitriol_n if_o you_o add_v oil_n of_o tartar_n they_o present_o turn_v into_o a_o fix_a and_o somewhat_o hard_a substance_n not_o much_o inferior_a or_o unlike_a to_o some_o incrustation_n which_o seem_v to_o conclude_v that_o from_o these_o two_o all_o such_o like_a concretion_n be_v probable_o make_v and_o that_o can_v we_o but_o admit_v that_o ocean_n of_o tartar_n which_o plato_n place_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o think_v the_o origin_n of_o all_o our_o spring_n the_o business_n of_o petrification_n be_v sufficient_o clear_a to_o which_o i_o also_o add_v in_o the_o behalf_n of_o vitriol_n what_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n and_o prevail_v with_o i_o much_o that_o wherever_o i_o find_v strong_a vitriol-water_n the_o petrify_a one_o be_v seldom_o far_o off_o plot_n be_v nat._n hist._n of_o oxford-shire_n the_o ingenious_a and_o learned_a mr._n hook_n say_v that_o all_o the_o petrified_a piece_n of_o wood_n that_o he_o ever_o see_v seem_v to_o have_v be_v rot_a wood_n before_o the_o petrification_n begin_v and_o since_o i_o have_v name_v this_o industrious_a and_o know_a gentleman_n i_o shall_v not_o think_v my_o time_n ill_o spend_v if_o for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o reader_n i_o transcribe_v the_o observation_n he_o have_v make_v of_o a_o piece_n of_o petrified_a wood_n take_v from_o a_o microscopical_a examen_fw-la this_o petrified_a substance_n resemble_v wood_n in_o that_o first_o all_o the_o part_n of_o it_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o dislocate_v or_o alter_v from_o their_o natural_a position_n while_o they_o be_v wood_n but_o the_o whole_a piece_n retain_v the_o exact_a shape_n of_o wood_n have_v many_o of_o the_o conspicuous_a pore_n of_o wood_n still_o remain_v pore_n and_o show_v a_o manifest_a difference_n visible_a enough_o between_o the_o grain_n of_o the_o wood_n and_o that_o of_o the_o bark_n especial_o when_o any_o side_n of_o it_o be_v cut_v smooth_a and_o polite_a for_o than_o it_o appear_v to_o have_v a_o very_a lovely_a grain_n like_o that_o of_o some_o curious_a close_a wood._n next_o it_o resemble_v wood_n in_o that_o all_o the_o small_a and_o if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v those_o which_o be_v only_o to_o be_v see_v by_o a_o good_a glass_n microscopical_a pore_n of_o it_o appear_v both_o when_o the_o substance_n be_v cut_v and_o polish_a transvers_o and_o parallel_v to_o the_o pore_n perfect_o like_o the_o microscopical_a pore_n of_o several_a kind_n of_o wood_n retain_v both_o the_o shape_n and_o position_n of_o such_o pore_n it_o be_v differ_v from_o wood_n first_o in_o weight_n be_v to_o common_a water_n as_o 3¼_n to_o 1._o whereas_o there_o be_v few_o of_o our_o english_a wood_n that_o when_o dry_a be_v find_v to_o be_v full_a as_o heavy_a as_o water_n second_o in_o hardness_n be_v very_o near_o as_o hard_o as_o a_o flint_n and_o in_o some_o place_n of_o it_o also_o resemble_v the_o grain_n of_o a_o flint_n it_o will_v very_o ready_o cut_v glass_n and_o will_v not_o without_o difficulty_n especial_o in_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v scratch_v by_o a_o black_a hard_a flint_n it_o will_v also_o as_o ready_o strike_v fire_n against_o a_o steel_n as_o also_o against_o a_o flint_n three_o in_o the_o closeness_n of_o it_o for_o though_o all_o the_o microscopical_a pore_n of_o the_o wood_n be_v very_o conspicuous_a in_o one_o position_n yet_o by_o alter_v that_o position_n of_o the_o polish_v surface_n to_o the_o light_n it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o those_o pore_n appear_v dark_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n only_o because_o they_o be_v fill_v up_o with_o a_o more_o dusky_n substance_n and_o not_o because_o they_o be_v hollow_a four_o in_o its_o incumbustibleness_n in_o that_o it_o will_v not_o burn_v in_o the_o fire_n nay_o though_o i_o keep_v it_o a_o good_a while_o red-hot_a in_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o lamp_n make_v very_o intense_a by_o the_o blast_n of_o a_o small_a pipe_n yet_o it_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o to_o have_v diminish_v its_o extension_n but_o only_o i_o find_v it_o to_o have_v change_v its_o colour_n and_o to_o have_v put_v on_o a_o more_o dark_a and_o dusky_n brown_n hue._n nor_o can_v i_o perceive_v that_o those_o part_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v wood_n at_o first_o be_v any_o thing_n waste_v but_o the_o part_n appear_v as_o solid_a and_o close_o as_o before_o it_o be_v far_o observable_a also_o that_o as_o it_o do_v not_o consume_v like_o wood_n so_o neither_o do_v it_o crack_v and_o fly_v like_o a_o flint_n or_o such_o like_a hard_a stone_n nor_o be_v it_o long_o before_o it_o appear_v red-hot_a five_o in_o its_o dissolubleness_n for_o put_v some_o drop_n of_o distil_v vinegar_n upon_o the_o stone_n i_o find_v it_o present_o to_o yield_v very_o many_o bubble_n just_a like_o those_o which_o may_v be_v observe_v in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n when_o it_o corrode_v coral_n though_o i_o guess_v many_o of_o those_o bubble_n proceed_v from_o the_o small_a parcel_n of_o air_n which_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o pore_n of_o this_o petrified_a substance_n by_o the_o insinuate_a liquid_a menstruum_fw-la six_o in_o its_o rididness_n and_o friability_n be_v not_o at_o all_o flexible_a but_o brittle_a like_o a_o flint_n insomuch_o that_o with_o one_o knock_n of_o a_o hammer_n i_o break_v off_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o it_o and_o with_o the_o same_o hammer_n quick_o beat_v it_o to_o pretty_a fine_a powder_n upon_o a_o anvil_n seven_o it_o seem_v also_o very_o differ_v from_o wood_n to_o the_o touch_n feel_v more_o cold_a than_o wood_n usual_o do_v and_o much_o like_o other_o close_a stone_n and_o mineral_n the_o
number_n of_o piece_n be_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o they_o at_o the_o rate_n of_o eight_o such_o florin_n the_o piece_n the_o great_a piece_n lie_v at_o cracow_n about_o the_o street_n before_o the_o door_n of_o the_o citizen_n as_o also_o in_o the_o country_n in_o the_o small_a town_n and_o village_n and_o before_o the_o â—orts_n and_o house_n of_o the_o nobility_n where_o the_o cattle_n pass_v to_o and_o fro_o lick_v of_o those_o salt_n stone_n which_o afterward_o by_o mill_n and_o other_o engine_n be_v ground_n and_o beat_v small_a for_o use_n these_o salt-works_a belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n who_o appoint_v and_o maintain_v the_o officer_n of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v one_o of_o his_o best_a royal_a revenue_n amount_v to_o a_o very_a considerable_a sum._n there_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v constant_o employ_v in_o these_o mine_n and_o he_o say_v there_o be_v then_o a_o provision_n of_o salt_n value_v at_o two_o million_o he_o far_o say_v there_o be_v in_o these_o work_v three_o horse_n that_o stay_v always_o below_o have_v their_o stable_a and_o other_o necessary_n there_o the_o horse_n after_o they_o have_v be_v a_o while_n under_o ground_n grow_v blind_a from_o the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o salt_n and_o that_o all_o the_o three_o which_o then_o labour_v there_o be_v quite_o blind_a philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 61._o pag._n 1099_o etc._n etc._n in_o jamaica_n they_o have_v a_o very_a pretty_a and_o easy_a way_n for_o the_o produce_v of_o good_a salt_n which_o be_v thus_o near_o the_o seaside_n they_o dig_v a_o low_a place_n as_o it_o be_v a_o lough_n or_o pond_n and_o pave_v it_o very_o even_o and_o with_o a_o sluice_n let_v in_o some_o of_o the_o sea-water_n a_o inch_n two_o inch_n or_o three_o inch_n deep_a or_o more_o and_o there_o let_v it_o remain_v the_o sun_n in_o a_o short_a time_n turn_v it_o into_o salt_n and_o if_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o use_v it_o quick_o they_o let_v in_o the_o less_o but_o if_o they_o have_v a_o good_a stock_n that_o they_o can_v stay_v long_o than_o they_o let_v in_o the_o more_o for_o the_o more_o be_v let_v in_o the_o long_a will_v it_o be_v ever_o it_o become_v salt_n which_o be_v do_v they_o sweep_v it_o up_o and_o keep_v it_o for_o use_n and_o so_o let_v in_o more_o and_o thus_o be_v they_o well_o provide_v with_o salt_n to_o powder_v their_o beef_n pork_n etc._n etc._n which_o will_v not_o keep_v sweet_a otherwise_o many_o hour_n after_o it_o be_v kill_v hvghes's_fw-fr american_n physician_n pag._n 35._o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o ground_n of_o the_o marish_a the_o salt_n be_v make_v more_o or_o less_o white_a the_o reddish_n earth_n make_v the_o salt_n more_o grey_a the_o blueish_a more_o white_a beside_o if_o you_o let_v run_v in_o a_o little_a more_o water_n than_o you_o ought_v the_o salt_n become_v thence_o more_o white_a but_o than_o it_o yield_v not_o so_o much_o general_o all_o the_o marsh_n require_v a_o fat_a earth_n neither_o spongy_a nor_o sandy_a unless_o it_o rain_v much_o the_o rain-water_n do_v little_o hurt_v to_o the_o marish_a and_o although_o it_o rain_v a_o day_n or_o a_o night_n they_o do_v not_o let_v the_o water_n which_o be_v in_o the_o marish_a run_v out_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n sufficient_o exhale_v such_o rain-water_n only_o if_o it_o have_v rain_v very_o plentiful_o that_o day_n no_o salt_n be_v draw_v for_o the_o three_o or_o four_o next_o follow_v day_n but_o if_o it_o rain_v five_o or_o six_o day_n the_o people_n be_v then_o necessitate_v to_o empty_a all_o the_o water_n of_o the_o bed_n by_o a_o peculiar_a channel_n convey_v it_o into_o the_o sea_n which_o channel_n can_v be_v open_v but_o when_o it_o be_v low_a water_n but_o it_o be_v very_o seldom_o that_o it_o rain_v so_o long_o as_o to_o constrain_v they_o to_o empty_a those_o bed_n it_o be_v obvious_a that_o the_o hot_a year_n make_v the_o most_o salt_n where_o yet_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o beside_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o wind_n contribute_v much_o to_o it_o in_o regard_n that_o less_o salt_n be_v make_v in_o calm_a than_o in_o windy_a wether_n the_o west_n and_o north-west_n wind_n be_v the_o best_a for_o this_o purpose_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o the_o marish_a where_o the_o salt_n be_v make_v the_o water_n must_v not_o be_v above_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a deep_a each_o of_o these_o bed_n be_v fifteen_o foot_n long_o and_o fourteen_o foot_n broad_a chief_o care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o bed_n mingle_v not_o with_o the_o salt_n this_o account_n be_v communicate_v to_o mr._n oldenburg_n by_o a_o french_a dr._n of_o physic_n reside_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o rhe_n where_o salt_n be_v make_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n as_o you_o may_v finâ—_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 51._o pag._n 1025._o salt_n be_v that_o which_o give_v ligature_n weight_n and_o constitution_n to_o thing_n and_o be_v the_o most_o manifest_a substance_n in_o all_o artificial_a compost_n it_o be_v salt_n which_o fertilize_v and_o render_v egypt_n so_o luxurious_o fruitful_a after_o the_o inundation_n of_o nile_n and_o the_o nitrous_a ground_n of_o jamaica_n and_o other_o place_n which_o cause_n so_o stupendous_a a_o growth_n of_o plant_n and_o tree_n in_o a_o word_n salt_n may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o dominion_n almost_o monarchical_a in_o the_o great_a work_n of_o vegetation_n be_v so_o absolute_a a_o ingredient_n in_o all_o our_o dung_n and_o compost_n to_o conclude_v you_o know_v who_o have_v dignify_v salt_n with_o the_o prerogative_n of_o be_v name_v element-earth_n the_o vigour_n and_o close_a of_o all_o thing_n yea_o the_o first_o and_o last_o of_o elementated_a body_n what_o shall_v i_o say_v quid_fw-la divinum_fw-la the_o original_a of_o all_o fecundity_n nor_o can_v i_o say_v less_o since_o there_o be_v nor_o sacrifice_n nor_o discourse_n acceptable_a without_o it_o evelâ—n's_n discourse_n of_o earth_n in_o several_a place_n pag._n 312_o 313_o 314._o fol._n see_v a_o account_n of_o the_o salt_n spring_v at_o nantwich_n in_o châ—shire_n by_o dr._n william_n jackson_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 53._o and_o of_o the_o salt_n water_n of_o droytwich_n in_o worcester-shire_n by_o dr._n tho._n rastell_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 142._o and_o of_o the_o salt_n spring_v in_o staffordshire_n by_o dr._n rob._n plot_n in_o his_o description_n of_o that_o county_n observation_n concern_v gold_n the_o most_o perfect_a of_o all_o inanimate_a body_n and_o the_o most_o esteem_v of_o all_o metal_n be_v gold_n universal_o know_v and_o cover_v by_o all_o people_n it_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o matter_n aâ—d_v in_o the_o sâ—me_a manner_n as_o other_o metal_n be_v but_o of_o part_n so_o pure_a and_o perfect_a and_o so_o well_o compact_v together_o by_o decoction_n that_o its_o substance_n be_v as_o it_o be_v incorruptible_a be_v out_o of_o the_o power_n of_o any_o of_o the_o element_n to_o be_v corrupt_v or_o destroy_v the_o fire_n that_o consume_v all_o other_o metal_n only_o make_v gold_n more_o pure_a the_o air_n and_o water_n diminish_v not_o its_o lustre_n nor_o can_v earth_n make_v it_o rust_v or_o waste_v by_o the_o nobleness_n of_o its_o substance_n it_o have_v most_o deserve_o obtain_v that_o estimation_n which_o the_o world_n give_v it_o and_o the_o natural_a virtue_n which_o flow_v from_o the_o admirable_a equality_n of_o its_o composition_n be_v the_o best_a medicine_n against_o melancholy_n and_o the_o great_a cordial_n to_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n which_o perpetual_o run_v after_o this_o avaritious_a metal_n as_o the_o needle_n do_v after_o the_o loadstone_n the_o virtue_n ascribe_v to_o aurum_fw-la potabile_fw-la to_o preserve_v a_o body_n perpetual_o in_o youthfulness_n without_o infirmity_n together_o with_o the_o receipt_n of_o make_v thereof_o depend_v upon_o the_o credit_n of_o those_o author_n who_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o same_o albaro_n alonso_n barba_fw-la of_o metal_n translat_a by_o the_o earl_n of_o sandwich_n chap._n 26._o gold_n have_v the_o least_o variety_n of_o regular_a figure_n in_o the_o ore_n of_o any_o metal_n because_o more_o solid_a and_o therefore_o less_o wanton_a than_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v a_o rare_a specimen_fw-la mention_v by_o georgius_n de_fw-fr sepibus_fw-la which_o he_o call_v aurum_fw-la ramescens_fw-la the_o ductility_n of_o gold_n be_v admirable_a one_o grain_n in_o leave_n be_v extend_v to_o above_o fifty_o inch_n square_a and_o one_o ounce_n employ_v in_o guild_v small_a hair-wyre_n will_v be_v extend_v to_o almost_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n as_o mr._n boyle_n have_v observe_v the_o use_v of_o gold_n for_o vessel_n coin_n armour_n garment_n etc._n etc._n be_v infinite_a
geneva_n and_o upon_o the_o alps._n a_o certain_a capucin_n tell_v monsieur_n justel_n that_o he_o have_v be_v upon_o the_o high_a of_o these_o mountain_n with_o a_o trader_n in_o crystal_n who_o have_v drive_v his_o hammer_n into_o one_o of_o these_o rock_n and_o sound_v it_o hollow_a and_o resonant_a make_v a_o hole_n into_o it_o and_o thence_o draw_v forth_o a_o substance_n like_o talk_n which_o to_o he_o be_v a_o sign_n there_o be_v crystal_n after_o which_o he_o make_v a_o great_a hole_n with_o gunpowder_n and_o find_v rock-crystal_n in_o it_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 100_o i_o have_v have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o inquire_v of_o more_o than_o one_o traveller_n that_o have_v visited_n the_o famous_a pico_n of_o tenariâ—_n at_o who_o upper_a part_n there_o be_v find_v scatter_a parcel_n of_o sulphur_n and_o divers_a manifest_a token_n of_o a_o vulcan_n whether_o the_o sulphureous_a steam_n that_o i_o suppose_v to_o be_v copious_a near_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n do_v not_o work_v upon_o the_o silver_n they_o have_v in_o their_o pocket_n and_o discolour_v it_o to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v no_o uncommon_a observation_n to_o find_v at_o man_n return_n from_o visit_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n that_o the_o money_n they_o carry_v about_o they_o be_v blacken_v and_o that_o he_o himself_o have_v particular_o observe_v it_o to_o be_v so_o which_o may_v easy_o gain_v credit_n with_o i_o who_o have_v divers_a time_n make_v a_o preparation_n of_o sulphur_n which_o even_o in_o the_o cold_a send_v out_o exhalation_n so_o penetrant_fw-la that_o have_v for_o trial_n sake_n put_v some_o piece_n of_o coin_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v golden_a into_o a_o leather_n purse_n they_o be_v able_a and_o that_o not_o in_o very_a many_o minute_n to_o discolour_v manifest_o the_o money_n in_o spite_n of_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o purse_n that_o contain_v it_o but_o i_o have_v a_o more_o considerable_a instance_n of_o the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o sulphureous_a expiration_n of_o the_o pico_n of_o tenariâ—_n by_o a_o sober_a person_n that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a director_n of_o the_o famous_a east-india_n company_n of_o london_n who_o be_v question_v by_o i_o about_o some_o circumstance_n of_o his_o journey_n to_o visit_v the_o top_n of_o that_o stupendous_a mountain_n answer_v i_o that_o among_o other_o effect_n the_o sulphureous_a air_n have_v upon_o â—im_n who_o be_v of_o a_o very_a fine_a complexion_n he_o find_v at_o his_o return_n to_o the_o bottom_n that_o his_o light-coloured_a hair_n have_v manifest_o change_v colour_n and_o be_v in_o many_o place_n grow_v sork_v at_o the_o end_n rob._n boyle_n experim_n disc._n of_o the_o insalubr_n and_o salubrity_n of_o the_o air_n pag._n 31_o 32._o though_o there_o be_v some_o who_o think_v mountain_n to_o be_v a_o desormity_n to_o the_o earth_n as_o if_o they_o be_v either_o beat_v up_o by_o the_o flood_n or_o else_o cast_v up_o like_o so_o many_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n leave_v at_o the_o creation_n yet_o if_o well_o consider_v they_o will_v be_v find_v as_o much_o to_o conduce_v to_o the_o beauty_n and_o conveniency_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o any_o of_o the_o other_o part_n nature_n say_v pliny_n purposely_o frame_v they_o for_o many_o excellent_a use_n partly_o to_o tame_v the_o violence_n of_o great_a river_n to_o strengthen_v certain_a joint_n within_o the_o vein_n and_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o sea_n inundation_n and_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o earth_n inhabitant_n whether_o beast_n or_o men._n that_o they_o make_v much_o for_o the_o protection_n of_o beast_n the_o psalmist_n testify_v the_o high_a hill_n arâ—_n a_o refuge_n for_o the_o wild_a goat_n and_o the_o rock_n for_o coney_n the_o kingly_a prophet_n have_v likewise_o learn_v the_o safety_n of_o those_o by_o his_o own_o experience_n when_o he_o also_o be_v fain_o to_o make_v a_o mountain_n his_o resuge_n from_o the_o sury_n of_o his_o master_n saul_n who_o persecute_v he_o in_o the_o wilderness_n true_o indeed_o such_o place_n as_o these_o keep_v their_o neighbour_n poor_a as_o be_v most_o barren_a but_o yet_o they_o preserve_v they_o safe_a as_o be_v most_o strong_a witness_v our_o unconquered_a wales_n and_o scotland_n who_o great_a protection_n have_v be_v the_o natural_a strength_n of_o their_o country_n so_o fortify_v with_o mountain_n that_o these_o have_v always_o be_v unto_o they_o sure_a retreat_n from_o the_o violence_n and_o oppression_n of_o other_o wherefore_o a_o good_a author_n do_v right_o call_v they_o nature_n bulwark_n cast_v up_o at_o god_n almighty_n own_a charge_n the_o scorn_n and_o curb_n of_o victorious_a army_n which_o make_v the_o barbarian_n in_o curtius_n so_o confident_a of_o their_o own_o safety_n when_o they_o be_v once_o retire_v to_o a_o inaccessible_a mountain_n that_o when_o alexander_n legate_n have_v bring_v they_o to_o a_o parley_n and_o persuade_v they_o to_o yield_v tell_v they_o of_o his_o master_n victory_n what_o sâ—as_v and_o wilderness_n he_o have_v pass_v they_o reply_v that_o all_o that_o may_v be_v but_o can_v alexander_n fly_v too_o over_o the_o sea_n he_o may_v have_v ship_n and_o over_o the_o land_n horse_n but_o he_o must_v have_v wing_n before_o he_o can_v get_v up_o thither_o such_o safety_n do_v those_o barbarous_a nation_n conceive_v in_o the_o mountain_n whereunto_o they_o be_v retire_v certain_o then_o such_o useful_a part_n be_v not_o the_o effect_n of_o man_n sin_n or_o produce_v by_o the_o world_n curse_n the_o flood_n but_o rather_o at_o the_o first_o create_v by_o the_o goodness_n and_o providence_n of_o the_o almighty_a wilkin_n world_n in_o the_o moon_n pag._n 114_o 115_o 116._o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o present_a earth_n look_v like_o a_o heap_n of_o rubbish_n and_o ruin_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a example_n of_o confusion_n in_o nature_n than_o mountain_n single_o or_o joint_o consider_v and_o that_o there_o appear_v not_o the_o least_o footstep_n of_o any_o art_n or_o counsel_n either_o in_o the_o figure_n and_o shape_n or_o order_n and_o disposition_n of_o mountain_n and_o rock_n wherefore_o be_v be_v not_o likely_a they_o come_v so_o out_o of_o god_n hand_n who_o by_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n be_v say_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o to_o make_v all_o thing_n in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o present_a â—ace_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o all_o its_o mountain_n and_o hill_n its_o promontory_n and_o rock_n as_o rude_a and_o deform_a as_o they_o appear_v seem_v to_o i_o a_o very_a beautiful_a and_o pleasant_a object_n and_o with_o all_o that_o variety_n of_o hill_n and_o valley_n and_o inequality_n sit_v more_o grateful_a to_o behold_v than_o a_o perfect_o level_v country_n without_o any_o rise_n or_o protuberancy_n to_o terminate_v the_o sight_n as_o any_o one_o that_o have_v but_o see_v the_o isle_n of_o ely_n or_o any_o the_o like_a country_n must_v needs_o acknowledge_v neither_o be_v it_o only_o more_o pleasant_a to_o behold_v but_o more_o commodious_a for_o habitation_n which_o be_v so_o plain_a that_o i_o need_v not_o spend_v time_n to_o prove_v it_o second_o a_o land_n so_o distinguish_v into_o mountain_n valley_n and_o plain_n be_v also_o most_o convenient_a for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o the_o various_a sort_n of_o animal_n which_o god_n have_v create_v some_o whereof_o delight_n in_o cold_a some_o in_o hot_a some_o moist_a and_o watery_a some_o in_o dry_a and_o upland_n place_n and_o some_o of_o they_o can_v neither_o find_v nor_o gather_v their_o proper_a food_n in_o different_a region_n some_o beast_n and_o bird_n we_o find_v live_v upon_o the_o high_a top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o that_o all_o the_o winter_n too_o while_o they_o be_v constant_o cover_v with_o snow_n as_o the_o ibex_n and_o rupicapra_n or_o chamois_n among_o quadruped_n and_o lagopus_n among_o bird_n three_o the_o mountain_n be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o put_v forth_o of_o plant_n yield_v the_o great_a variety_n and_o the_o most_o luxuriant_a sort_n of_o vegetable_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o animal_n proper_a to_o those_o place_n and_o for_o medicinal_a uses_n partly_o also_o for_o the_o exercise_n and_o delight_n of_o such_o ingenious_a person_n as_o be_v addict_v to_o search_v out_o and_o collect_v those_o rarity_n to_o contemplate_v and_o consider_v their_o form_n and_o nature_n and_o to_o admire_v and_o celebrate_v the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o creator_n four_o all_o manner_n of_o metal_n mineral_n and_o fossils_n if_o they_o can_v be_v generate_v in_o a_o level_a earth_n of_o which_o there_o be_v some_o question_n yet_o shall_v they_o be_v dug_n or_o mine_v for_o the_o delss_o must_v necessary_o be_v so_o slow_v with_o water_n which_o to_o drive_v and_o rid_v away_o no_o adit_n or_o
prodigious_a quantity_n it_o be_v plain_a there_o be_v vast_a vâ—â—ns_n of_o sulphur_n all_o along_o in_o tâ—â—s_n soil_n and_o it_o seem_v in_o this_o mountain_n they_o run_v along_o through_o some_o mine_n and_o rock_n and_o as_o their_o slow_a consumption_n produce_v a_o perpetual_a smoke_n so_o when_o the_o air_n within_o be_v so_o much_o ratify_v that_o it_o must_v open_v itself_o it_o throw_v up_o those_o mass_n of_o mettle_n and_o rock_n that_o shut_v it_o in_o but_o how_o this_o fire_n draw_v in_o air_n to_o nourish_v its_o flame_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o apprehend_v unless_o there_o be_v either_o a_o conveyance_n of_o air_n under_o ground_n by_o some_o undiscovered_a vacuity_n or_o a_o more_o insensible_a transmission_n of_o air_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o heat_n of_o this_o hill_n operate_v so_o much_o upon_o the_o soil_n that_o lie_v upon_o it_o towards_o the_o foot_n of_o it_o that_o it_o produce_v the_o rich_a wine_n about_o naples_n and_o it_o also_o purify_v the_o air_n so_o much_o that_o the_o village_n at_o the_o bottom_n be_v think_v the_o best_a air_n of_o the_o country_n so_o that_o many_o come_v from_o naples_n thither_o for_o their_o health_n ischia_n that_o be_v a_o island_n not_o far_o from_o naples_n do_v also_o sometime_o spew_v out_o fire_n dr._n bvrnet_n lett._n pag._n 174_o 175._o the_o hill_n aetna_n now_o call_v montgibel_a be_v ten_o mile_n from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o may_v be_v easy_o discern_v by_o sailor_n at_o a_o hundred_o mile_n distance_n the_o low_a part_n thereof_o be_v very_o fruitful_a the_o middle_n be_v shade_v with_o wood_n and_o the_o top_n cover_v with_o snow_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n notwithstanding_o the_o frequent_a vomit_v of_o flame_n and_o cinder_n it_o be_v former_o observe_v and_o to_o this_o day_n the_o same_o observation_n hold_v that_o whenever_o any_o extraordinary_a eruption_n happen_v it_o certain_o portend_v some_o revolution_n but_o these_o eruption_n of_o fire_n be_v not_o now_o so_o ordinary_a as_o former_o the_o matter_n which_o give_v fuel_n to_o it_o be_v waste_v by_o continual_a burn_n so_o that_o the_o flame_n which_o issue_n from_o it_o be_v hardly_o visible_a but_o by_o night_n though_o the_o smoke_n show_v itself_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o day_n and_o when_o it_o do_v break_v out_o which_o be_v common_o once_o in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n it_o fall_v in_o great_a flake_n on_o the_o vale_n adjoin_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o vintage_n and_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o country_n but_o that_o they_o say_v be_v recompense_v by_o the_o plenty_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n the_o ash_n thereof_o so_o enrich_v the_o soil_n that_o both_o the_o vine_n and_o cornfield_n be_v much_o better_v by_o it_o the_o reason_n of_o these_o fire_n be_v the_o abundance_n of_o sulphur_n and_o brimstone_n contain_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v blow_v by_o the_o wind_n drive_v in_o at_o the_o chap_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o by_o a_o pair_n of_o bellows_o through_o these_o chink_n also_o there_o be_v continual_o more_o fuel_n add_v to_o the_o fire_n the_o very_a water_n add_v to_o the_o force_n of_o it_o as_o we_o see_v that_o water_n cast_v on_o coal_n in_o the_o smith_n forge_n do_v make_v they_o burn_v more_o ardent_o pet._n heâ—lin's_n cosmogr_n johannes_n alphonsus_n borellus_n in_o his_o historia_n and_o meteorologia_fw-la incendii_fw-la aetnaei_fw-la annâ—_n 1669_o reject_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o that_o maintain_v the_o aetnean_a fire_n to_o have_v be_v perpetual_a and_o never_o extinguish_v assert_v the_o frequent_a cessation_n of_o they_o and_o withal_o assign_v the_o cause_n of_o that_o cessation_n as_o well_o as_o that_o of_o their_o renovation_n concern_v which_o and_o many_o other_o considerable_a remark_n and_o reflection_n too_o many_o to_o be_v here_o recite_v we_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o book_n itself_o now_o whether_o these_o eruption_n be_v cause_v by_o actual_a subterraneous_a fire_n light_v upon_o combustible_a matter_n or_o by_o fire_n strike_v out_o of_o fall_v and_o break_v stone_n who_o spark_n meet_v with_o nitro-sulphureous_a or_o other_o inflammable_a substance_n heap_v together_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o by_o the_o expansive_a violence_n of_o the_o fire_n force_v to_o take_v more_o room_n and_o so_o burst_v out_o with_o the_o impetuosity_n we_o see_v may_v not_o be_v unworthy_a of_o a_o philosopher_n speculation_n philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 48._o pag._n 969._o naturalist_n affirm_v that_o these_o vulcano_n or_o fiery_a mountain_n nourish_v sulphureous_a matter_n in_o their_o bowel_n which_o be_v easy_o inflame_v and_o issue_v out_o with_o more_o or_o less_o vehemency_n and_o more_o or_o less_o frequency_n according_a as_o the_o matter_n be_v more_o or_o less_o dispose_v and_o the_o subterranean_a wind_n kindle_v and_o eject_v these_o fire_n and_o open_v the_o mass_n of_o earth_n under_o which_o they_o be_v shut_v up_o but_o the_o opinion_n of_o certain_a philosopher_n who_o maintain_v that_o mere_a chance_n produce_v these_o extraordinary_a event_n appear_v to_o i_o very_o ridiculous_a affirm_v that_o one_o stone_n strike_v another_o produces_z a_o spark_n whence_o happâ—â—_n 〈◊〉_d great_a inflammation_n nay_o they_o proceed_v far_o and_o will_v persuade_v we_o that_o a_o light_v lamp_n leave_v by_o chance_n by_o those_o who_o scarch_v into_o the_o bowel_n of_o these_o mountain_n to_o discover_v the_o secret_n of_o nature_n may_v make_v these_o flame_n which_o light_v on_o a_o combustible_a matter_n and_o meet_v with_o nothing_o that_o be_v contrary_a to_o they_o to_o extinguish_v they_o to_o cause_v these_o surprise_v effect_n they_o also_o say_v that_o lightning_n strike_v fierce_o on_o some_o one_o of_o the_o coast_n on_o these_o mountain_n may_v do_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o the_o stone_n strike_v one_o against_o another_o or_o the_o lamp_n leave_v light_v see_v letter_n write_v by_o a_o turkish_a spy_n at_o paris_n vol._n 1._o pag._n 126_o 127._o that_o learned_a physician_n and_o most_o sagacious_a inquirer_n into_o nature_n dr._n martin_n lyster_n say_v that_o among_o mineral_n the_o pyrity_n both_o in_o gross_a and_o in_o vapour_n be_v actual_o of_o its_o one_o accord_n fire_v he_o instance_n the_o vulcano_n all_o the_o world_n over_o for_o a_o proof_n of_o it_o for_o say_v he_o we_o with_o great_a probability_n believe_v they_o to_o be_v mountain_n make_v up_o in_o great_a part_n of_o pyrite_n the_o breath_n whereof_o be_v sulphur_n exit_fw-la tota_fw-la substantia_fw-la by_o the_o quality_n of_o sulphur_n thence_o sublimed_a and_o the_o application_n of_o the_o loadstone_n to_o the_o eject_v cinder_n and_o he_o proceed_v tell_v we_o that_o these_o vulcano_n be_v natural_o kindle_v of_o themselves_o at_o or_o near_o the_o creation_n in_o all_o probability_n because_o there_o be_v but_o a_o certain_a know_a number_n of_o they_o which_o have_v all_o continue_v burn_v beyond_o the_o memoirs_fw-fr of_o any_o history_n few_o or_o none_o of_o they_o that_o he_o know_v of_o have_v ever_o total_o decay_v or_o be_v extinct_a unless_o possible_o by_o the_o submersion_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v absorb_v in_o the_o sea_n though_o they_o indeed_o do_v burn_v more_o fierce_o sometime_o than_o at_o other_o for_o other_o reason_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o say_v the_o doctor_n as_o natural_a to_o have_v actual_a fire_n in_o the_o terrestrial_a world_n from_o the_o creation_n as_o to_o have_v sea_n and_o water_n again_o say_v the_o doctor_n if_o these_o vulcano_n do_v not_o kindle_v of_o themselves_o what_o cause_n can_v we_o imagine_v to_o 〈◊〉_d do_v it_o iâ—_n the_o sun_n we_o 〈◊〉_d hecla_n place_v in_o so_o extreme_a coldâ—_n climate_n be_v kindle_v for_o aught_o i_o 〈◊〉_d see_v by_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o boâ—â—_n as_o soon_o as_o aetna_n or_o fuegos_n or_o the_o most_o southerly_a not_o the_o accident_n happen_v from_o man_n for_o i_z man_z be_v as_o we_o must_v believe_v create_v solitary_a and_o topical_a they_o be_v none_o of_o his_o kindle_v because_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v fire_v before_o the_o world_n can_v be_v all_o over_o people_v beside_o they_o be_v most_o the_o very_a top_n of_o vast_a high_a mountain_n and_o therefore_o the_o most_o unfit_a for_o the_o habitation_n of_o man._n mart._n lyster_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v 157._o pag._n 516._o observation_n concern_v earth-qvakes_a earthquake_n be_v too_o evident_a demonstration_n of_o the_o hollowness_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v the_o dreadful_a effect_n or_o consequence_n of_o it_o for_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v sound_a and_o compact_a there_o will_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n as_o a_o earthquake_n they_o be_v common_o accompany_v with_o a_o heavy_a dead_a sound_n like_o a_o dull_a thunder_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o vapour_n that_o
be_v strive_v in_o the_o womb_n of_o nature_n when_o her_o throe_n be_v come_v upon_o she_o and_o that_o these_o cavern_n where_o the_o vapour_n lie_v be_v very_o large_a and_o capocious_a we_o be_v teach_v sometime_o by_o sad_a experience_n for_o whole_a city_n and_o country_n have_v be_v swallow_v up_o into_o they_o as_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n and_o the_o region_n of_o pentapolis_n and_o several_a city_n in_o greece_n and_o in_o asia_n and_o other_o part_n whole_a island_n also_o have_v be_v thus_o absorb_v in_o a_o earthquake_n the_o pillar_n and_o prop_n they_o stand_v upon_o be_v break_v they_o have_v sink_v and_o saln_v in_o as_o a_o house_n blow_v up_o i_o be_o also_o of_o opinion_n that_o those_o island_n that_o be_v make_v by_o divulsion_n from_o a_o continent_n as_o sicily_n be_v break_v off_o from_o italy_n and_o great_a britain_n as_o some_o think_v from_o france_n have_v be_v make_v the_o same_o way_n that_o be_v the_o isthmus_n or_o neck_n of_o land_n that_o join_v these_o island_n with_o their_o continent_n before_o have_v be_v hollow_a and_o be_v either_o wear_v by_o the_o water_n or_o shake_v by_o a_o earthquake_n have_v sink_v down_o and_o so_o make_v way_n for_o the_o sea_n to_o overflow_v they_o and_o of_o a_o promontory_n to_o make_v a_o island_n for_o it_o be_v not_o at_o all_o likely_a that_o the_o neck_n of_o land_n continue_v stand_v and_o the_o sea_n overflow_v it_o and_o so_o make_v a_o island_n for_o then_o all_o those_o passage_n between_o such_o island_n and_o their_o respective_a continent_n will_v be_v extreme_o shallow_a and_o unnavigable_a which_o we_o do_v not_o find_v they_o to_o be_v nor_o be_v it_o any_o more_o wonder_n if_o such_o a_o neck_n of_o land_n shall_v fall_v than_o that_o a_o mountain_n shall_v sink_v or_o any_o other_o tract_n of_o land_n and_o a_o lake_n rise_v in_o its_o place_n which_o have_v often_o happen_v plato_n suppose_v his_o atlantis_n to_o have_v be_v great_a than_o asia_n and_o africa_n together_o and_o yet_o to_o have_v sink_v all_o into_o the_o sea_n whether_o that_o be_v true_a or_o no_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o impossible_a that_o some_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o sinus_n might_n have_v have_v such_o a_o original_a as_o that_o and_o i_o be_o very_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o for_o some_o year_n after_o the_o deluge_n till_o the_o fragment_n be_v well_o settle_v and_o adjust_v great_a alteration_n will_v happen_v as_o to_o the_o face_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o land_n many_o of_o the_o fragment_n will_v change_v their_o posture_n and_o many_o will_v sink_v into_o the_o water_n that_o stand_v out_o before_o the_o prop_n fail_v that_o bear_v they_o up_o or_o the_o joint_n and_o corner_n whereby_o they_o lean_v upon_o one_o another_o and_o thereupon_o a_o new_a face_n of_o thing_n will_v arise_v and_o a_o new_a deluge_n for_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n such_o remove_n and_o interchange_n i_o believe_v will_v often_o happen_v in_o the_o first_o age_n after_o the_o flood_n as_o we_o see_v in_o all_o other_o ruin_v there_o happen_v lesser_a and_o secondary_a ruin_n after_o the_o first_o till_o the_o part_n be_v so_o well_o poise_v and_o settle_v that_o without_o some_o violence_n they_o scarce_o change_v their_o posture_n any_o more_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o earthquake_n and_o to_o give_v a_o instance_n or_o two_o of_o their_o extent_n and_o violence_n pliny_n mention_n one_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o tiberius_n caesar_n that_o strike_v down_o twelve_o city_n of_o asia_n in_o one_o night_n and_o fournier_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o one_o in_o peru_n that_o reach_v three_o hundred_o league_n along_o the_o sea-shore_n and_o seventy_o league_n inland_a and_o level_v the_o mountain_n all_o along_o as_o it_o go_v throw_v down_o the_o city_n turn_v the_o river_n out_o of_o their_o channel_n and_o make_v a_o universal_a havoc_n and_o confusion_n and_o all_o this_o â—e_z say_v be_v do_v within_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o minute_n there_o must_v be_v dreadful_a vault_n and_o mine_n under_o that_o continent_n that_o give_v passage_n to_o the_o vapour_n and_o liberty_n to_o play_v for_o nine_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o above_o two_o hundred_o in_o breadth_n asia_n also_o have_v be_v very_o subject_a to_o these_o desolation_n by_o earthquake_n and_o many_o part_n in_o europe_n as_o greece_n italy_n and_o other_o the_o truth_n be_v our_o city_n be_v build_v upon_o ruin_n and_o our_o field_n and_o country_n stand_v upon_o break_a arch_n and_o vault_n and_o so_o do_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o outward_a frame_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o it_o be_v often_o shake_v there_o be_v quantity_n of_o exhalation_n within_o these_o mine_n or_o cavernous_a passage_n that_o be_v capable_a of_o rarifaction_n and_o inflammation_n and_o upon_o such_o occasion_n require_v more_o room_n they_o shake_v or_o break_v the_o ground_n that_o cover_v they_o tho._n bvrnet_n theory_n of_o the_o earth_n pag._n 119_o 120_o 121._o many_o have_v write_v of_o the_o cause_n of_o these_o dreadful_a effect_n of_o nature_n of_o these_o tremble_n and_o shivering_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o rather_o aguish_a shake_a fit_n whereunto_o we_o find_v her_o body_n be_v as_o subject_a as_o the_o body_n of_o man_n or_o lion_n who_o be_v observe_v to_o have_v their_o montâ—_n paroxisines_n the_o babylonian_a philosopher_n think_v the_o cause_n of_o these_o impetuous_a motion_n happen_v by_o the_o force_n of_o some_o planet_n meet_v with_o the_o sun_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n other_o hold_v it_o to_o be_v a_o vapour_n a_o long_a time_n engender_v in_o some_o concavity_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o restrain_v from_o sally_v forth_o into_o the_o air_n other_o affirm_v that_o it_o be_v a_o wind_n pen_v up_o in_o the_o entrail_n of_o the_o earth_n pliny_n say_v that_o the_o earth_n never_o quake_v but_o when_o the_o sea_n be_v very_o calm_a and_o the_o air_n so_o still_o and_o clear_a as_o the_o bird_n can_v hardly_o bear_v themselves_o up_o and_o that_o the_o wind_n be_v then_o shut_v up_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n their_o improper_a station_n he_o add_v further_a that_o a_o earthquake_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o as_o thunder_n in_o the_o air_n or_o a_o overture_n and_o crevice_n in_o the_o earth_n or_o as_o lightning_n break_v forth_o violent_o and_o make_v eruption_n from_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o cloud_n the_o wind_n enclose_v therein_o and_o struggle_v to_o come_v forth_o by_o force_n the_o stoic_n speak_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o earthquake_n that_o cause_v the_o gaping_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o swell_n of_o the_o water_n and_o boll_n of_o the_o same_o a_o horrid_a confuse_a sound_n common_o proceed_v and_o accompany_v this_o quake_a sometime_o like_a to_o the_o roar_n of_o a_o bull_n sometime_o to_o the_o lamentable_a cry_n of_o some_o humane_a creature_n or_o like_o the_o clatter_n of_o armour_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o matter_n which_o be_v enclose_v or_o according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o cave_n and_o hole_n or_o spelunca_n through_o which_o it_o pass_v which_o resound_v in_o vaulty_a and_o hollow_a place_n it_o wax_v hot_a in_o sharp_a and_o dry_a place_n and_o cause_v defluxion_n in_o those_o that_o be_v moist_a and_o humid_a now_o among_o all_o earthquake_n the_o agitation_n of_o the_o water_n be_v most_o dangerous_a for_o lightning_n be_v not_o so_o hurtful_a nor_o the_o shake_n of_o building_n or_o when_o the_o earth_n be_v push_v up_o or_o fall_v down_o by_o a_o interchangeable_a motion_n because_o the_o one_o keep_v back_o the_o other_o the_o safe_a building_n be_v those_o upon_o vault_n the_o corner_n of_o wall_n and_o on_o bridge_n lean_v one_o against_o another_o beside_o brick_n building_n be_v less_o dangerous_a in_o such_o accident_n your_o skilful_a navigator_n can_v foretell_v these_o earthquake_n at_o such_o time_n as_o they_o perceive_v the_o wave_n to_o swell_v on_o a_o sudden_a without_o a_o wind_n and_o likewise_o those_o on_o land_n may_v also_o foretell_v they_o when_o they_o behold_v bird_n in_o a_o maze_n to_o stay_v their_o flight_n or_o when_o water_n in_o well_n be_v trouble_v more_o than_o ordinary_a have_v a_o bad_a unsavoury_a smell_n all_o these_o be_v presage_n of_o such_o hideous_a motion_n pherecydes_n the_o syrian_a draw_v water_n out_o of_o a_o well_o foretell_v a_o earthquake_n and_o so_o do_v anaximander_n milesius_n and_o the_o true_a sign_n be_v either_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v not_o or_o when_o the_o sea_n and_o region_n of_o the_o air_n be_v calm_a for_o a_o earthquake_n never_o happen_v when_o the_o wind_n blow_v or_o the_o sea_n swell_v james_n howell_n hist._n of_o venice_n pag._n 75_o 76._o if_o we_o may_v credit_v
bank_n in_o the_o sea_n but_o the_o great_a of_o they_o when_o they_o fall_v either_o one_o upon_o another_o or_o in_o such_o a_o posture_n as_o to_o prop_v up_o one_o another_o their_o head_n and_o high_a part_n will_v stand_v out_o of_o the_o water_n and_o make_v island_n thus_o i_o conceive_v the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v at_o first_o produce_v we_o can_v wonder_v therefore_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o numerous_a or_o faâ—_n more_o numerous_a than_o the_o continent_n these_o be_v the_o parent_n and_o those_o be_v the_o child_n nor_o can_v we_o wonder_v to_o see_v along_o the_o side_n of_o the_o continent_n several_a island_n or_o set_v of_o island_n sow_o as_o it_o be_v by_o handful_n or_o lay_v in_o train_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o generation_n will_v lead_v we_o to_o think_v they_o will_v be_v so_o place_v so_o the_o american_n island_n lie_v scatter_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o that_o continent_n the_o maldivian_n and_o philippine_n upon_o the_o east-indian_a shoar_n and_o the_o hesperide_n upon_o the_o aâ—rick_n and_o there_o seldom_o happen_v to_o be_v any_o towards_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ocean_n though_o by_o a_o accident_n that_o also_o may_v come_v to_o pass_v bvrnet_n theory_n of_o the_o earth_n pag._n 137_o 138_o 139._o athanasius_n kircher_n among_o many_o considerable_a remark_n in_o his_o china_n illustrata_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o in_o china_n there_o be_v several_a isle_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 99_o all_o turn_v into_o one_o under_o the_o same_o extent_n of_o space_n they_o have_v when_o they_o be_v divide_v by_o water_n as_o concern_v the_o situation_n of_o island_n whether_o comodious_a or_o not_o this_o say_v peter_n heâ—lin_n be_v my_o judgement_n i_o find_v in_o machiavelli_n that_o for_o a_o city_n who_o people_n covet_v no_o empire_n but_o their_o own_o town_n a_o barren_a place_n be_v better_a than_o a_o fruitful_a because_o in_o such_o seat_n they_o be_v compel_v to_o work_n and_o labour_n whereby_o they_o be_v free_v from_o idleness_n and_o by_o consequence_n from_o luxury_n but_o for_o a_o city_n who_o inhabitant_n desire_v to_o enlarge_v their_o confine_n a_o fertile_a place_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v choose_v than_o a_o barren_a as_o be_v more_o able_a to_o nourish_v multitude_n of_o people_n the_o like_a pet._n heylin_n say_v of_o island_n if_o a_o prince_n desire_v rather_o to_o keep_v than_o augment_v his_o dominion_n no_o place_n fit_a for_o his_o abide_v than_o a_o island_n as_o be_v by_o itself_o and_o nature_n sufficient_o desensible_a but_o if_o a_o king_n be_v mind_v to_o add_v continual_o to_o his_o empire_n a_o island_n be_v no_o fit_a seat_n for_o he_o because_o partly_o by_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o wind_n and_o sea_n partly_o by_o the_o length_n and_o tediousness_n of_o the_o way_n he_o be_v not_o so_o well_o able_a to_o supply_v and_o keep_v such_o force_n as_o he_o have_v on_o the_o continent_n a_o example_n hereof_o be_v england_n which_o have_v even_o to_o admiration_n repel_v the_o most_o puissant_a monarch_n of_o europe_n but_o for_o the_o cause_n above_o mention_v can_v show_v any_o of_o her_o conquest_n on_o the_o firm_a land_n though_o she_o have_v attempt_v and_o achieve_v as_o many_o glorious_a exploit_n as_o any_o country_n in_o the_o world_n pet._n heyl._n cosmogr_n the_o ingenious_a dr._n sprat_n now_o bishop_n of_o rochester_n observe_v that_o the_o chief_a design_n of_o the_o ancient_a english_a be_v the_o glory_n of_o spread_v their_o victory_n on_o the_o continent_n but_o this_o say_v he_o be_v a_o magnanimous_a mistake_n for_o by_o their_o very_a conquest_n if_o they_o have_v maintain_v they_o this_o island_n have_v be_v ruin_v and_o have_v only_o become_v a_o province_n to_o a_o great_a empire_n but_o now_o it_o be_v right_o understand_v that_o the_o english_a greatness_n will_v never_o be_v support_v or_o increase_v in_o this_o age_n by_o any_o other_o war_n but_o those_o at_o sea_n sprat_n hist._n of_o the_o r._n s._n pag._n 404._o islander_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n long_o live_v than_o those_o that_o dwell_v in_o continent_n for_o they_o live_v not_o so_o long_o in_o russia_n as_o in_o the_o orcades_n nor_o so_o long_o in_o africa_n though_o under_o the_o same_o parallel_n as_o in_o the_o canary_n and_o tercera_n and_o the_o japonians_n be_v long_o live_v than_o the_o chinese_n though_o the_o chineses_n be_v mad_a upon_o long_a life_n and_o this_o be_v no_o wonder_n see_v the_o air_n of_o the_o sea_n do_v heat_n and_o cherish_v in_o cool_a region_n and_o cool_v in_o hot_a bacon_n hist._n of_o life_n and_o death_n of_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o fountain_n that_o there_o be_v a_o mass_n of_o water_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o fountain_n for_o the_o opinion_n of_o aristotle_n impute_v they_o to_o the_o condensation_n of_o air_n in_o the_o cavern_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o of_o other_o philosopher_n ascribe_v they_o to_o the_o fall_n of_o rain-water_n receive_v into_o such_o cistern_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v it_o be_v both_o equal_o unsatisfactory_a unless_o we_o suppose_v a_o mass_n of_o water_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o may_v be_v as_o the_o common-stock_n to_o supply_v those_o fountain_n with_o for_o it_o be_v very_o hard_o conceive_v how_o mere_a air_n shall_v be_v so_o far_o condense_v as_o to_o cause_v not_o only_o such_o a_o number_n of_o fountain_n but_o so_o great_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n as_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n by_o those_o river_n which_o come_v from_o they_o as_o the_o river_n volga_n be_v suppose_v to_o empty_a so_o much_o water_n in_o a_o year_n time_n into_o the_o caspian_a sea_n as_o may_v suffice_v to_o cover_v the_o whole_a earth_n by_o which_o likewise_o it_o be_v most_o evident_a that_o there_o must_v be_v some_o subterranean_a passage_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o else_o of_o necessity_n by_o that_o abundance_n of_o water_n which_o continual_o run_v into_o it_o from_o the_o river_n it_o will_v overflow_v and_o drown_v the_o world_n and_o from_o this_o multitude_n of_o water_n which_o come_v from_o fountain_n it_o be_v likewise_o evident_a that_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o â—ountains_n can_v be_v mere_o 〈…〉_o water_n which_o 〈…〉_o which_o will_v 〈…〉_o maintain_v so_o full_a 〈…〉_o many_o 〈…〉_o that_o 〈…〉_o that_o rain-water_n do_v never_o moisten_v the_o earth_n above_o ten_o foot_n deep_a for_o of_o far_o great_a profundity_n many_o fountain_n be_v and_o beside_o the_o rain-water_n run_v most_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o do_v rather_o swell_v the_o river_n which_o thereby_o run_v with_o great_a force_n in_o their_o passage_n to_o the_o ocean_n and_o do_v not_o lodge_v itself_o present_o in_o the_o earth_n especial_o if_o it_o descend_v in_o a_o great_a quantity_n which_o alone_o be_v able_a to_o fill_v such_o cistern_n suppose_v to_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n especial_o in_o mountain_n which_o may_v keep_v a_o stream_n continual_o run_v although_o therefore_o we_o may_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o fall_n of_o rain_n may_v much_o conduce_v to_o the_o overflow_a and_o continuance_n of_o fountain_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o great_a force_n of_o spring_n afâ—er_v continue_v rain_n and_o by_o the_o dâ—câ—y_n of_o many_o of_o they_o in_o hot_a and_o dry_a wether_n which_o yet_o i_o have_v rather_o impute_v to_o the_o sun_n exhale_v by_o his_o continue_a heat_n those_o moist_a leg_n because_o it_o be_v equal_o disperse_v into_o all_o the_o part_n from_o the_o centre_n of_o it_o so_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v as_o natural_a for_o the_o water_n to_o ascend_v into_o the_o top_n of_o mountain_n as_o it_o be_v to_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o it_o be_v no_o more_o wonder_n to_o see_v spring_n issue_n out_o of_o mountain_n than_o it_o be_v to_o see_v a_o man_n bleed_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o his_o forehead_n when_o he_o be_v let_v blood_n there_o so_o in_o all_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o dispose_v for_o apertion_n for_o some_o of_o they_o be_v so_o hard_a and_o compact_v that_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o passage_n through_o they_o which_o be_v the_o most_o probable_a reason_n why_o there_o be_v no_o rain_n neither_o in_o those_o place_n because_o there_o be_v no_o such_o exsudation_n of_o those_o moist_a vapour_n through_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o may_v yield_v matter_n for_o rain_n as_o it_o be_v in_o many_o of_o the_o sandy_a place_n of_o africa_n but_o usual_o mountainous_a country_n have_v more_o large_a and_o as_o it_o be_v temple-vein_n through_o whiâ—h_n the_o moist_a vapour_n have_v a_o free_a and_o open_a passage_n and_o thence_o there_o be_v
not_o only_o more_o frequent_a spring_n there_o but_o cloud_n and_o rain_n too_o now_o if_o this_o account_n of_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o spring_n in_o the_o earth_n be_v as_o rational_a as_o it_o be_v ingenious_a and_o handsome_a and_o there_o be_v not_o much_o can_v be_v say_v against_o it_o but_o only_o that_o then_o all_o fountain_n shall_v be_v salt_n as_o the_o water_n be_v from_o whence_o they_o come_v than_o we_o easy_o understand_v how_o the_o earth_n may_v be_v overflow_v in_o the_o universal_a deluge_n for_o then_o the_o fountain_n of_o the_o deep_a be_v break_v up_o or_o there_o be_v a_o universal_a open_n of_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o earth_n whereby_o all_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o they_o will_v present_o run_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o must_v needs_o according_a to_o its_o proportion_n advance_v itself_o to_o a_o considerable_a height_n but_o because_o the_o salve_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o water_n in_o spring_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v so_o considerable_a a_o phaenomenon_n in_o our_o present_a case_n i_o therefore_o rather_o take_v this_o follow_v as_o the_o most_o rational_a account_n of_o the_o origine_fw-la of_o fountain_n viz._n that_o there_o be_v great_a cavity_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o water_n which_o continual_o run_v into_o they_o from_o the_o sea_n which_o as_o it_o continual_o receive_v fresh_a supply_n from_o the_o river_n which_o empty_a themselves_o into_o it_o so_o it_o dispatch_v away_o a_o like_a quantity_n through_o those_o spongy_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n under_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o suck_v in_o and_o convey_v away_o the_o surplusage_n of_o water_n so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o sea_n never_o swell_v by_o the_o water_n convey_v into_o it_o by_o the_o river_n there_o be_v as_o continual_a a_o circulation_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o water_n which_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o ocean_n into_o the_o subterraneous_a cavern_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o mountain_n and_o thence_o into_o the_o sea_n again_o as_o there_o be_v a_o circulation_n of_o blood_n in_o man_n body_n from_o the_o heart_n by_o the_o artery_n into_o the_o exterior_a part_n and_o return_v back_o again_o by_o the_o vein_n into_o the_o heart_n according_a to_o which_o we_o may_v imagine_v such_o a_o place_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o earth_n like_o plato_n barathrum_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o plato_n in_o his_o phaedrus_n describe_v it_o out_o of_o homer_n a_o long_a and_o deep_a subterraneous_a cavity_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d into_o which_o cavity_n all_o the_o river_n at_o last_o flow_v and_o from_o which_o they_o again_o disperse_v themselves_o abroad_o now_o this_o cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n thus_o fill_v with_o water_n supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o heart_n in_o the_o body_n oâ—_n the_o earth_n from_o which_o all_o those_o several_a aqueduct_n which_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n have_v their_o continual_a supply_n but_o that_o which_o make_v those_o passage_n of_o water_n which_o we_o call_v spring_n and_o fountain_n proper_o i_o suppose_v be_v thus_o generate_v from_o those_o cavity_n fill_v with_o water_n in_o the_o earth_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o hot_a steam_n which_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n there_o be_v continual_o rise_v some_o vapour_n or_o little_a particle_n of_o water_n which_o be_v disjoined_n from_o each_o other_o by_o the_o heat_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o they_o attain_v a_o great_a celerity_n of_o motion_n and_o so_o pass_v through_o the_o inner_a pore_n of_o the_o earth_n till_o they_o come_v near_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o which_o when_o they_o have_v approach_v to_o they_o be_v beat_v back_o again_o by_o the_o cold_a which_o environ_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o at_o least_o be_v so_o arrest_v by_o the_o cold_a and_o condense_v by_o it_o that_o they_o lose_v the_o form_n of_o vapour_n and_o become_v perfect_a water_n again_o which_o water_n be_v now_o more_o gross_a than_o while_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a vapour_n can_v descend_v again_o through_o the_o same_o pore_n through_o which_o it_o ascend_v before_o because_o these_o be_v not_o now_o capable_a of_o receive_v it_o and_o therefore_o it_o seek_v out_o some_o wide_a passage_n near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o which_o mean_v it_o move_v in_o a_o oblique_a manner_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o embrace_v any_o other_o vapour_n which_o be_v arrest_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n now_o when_o these_o be_v grow_v to_o a_o considerable_a body_n in_o the_o surface_n of_o a_o mountain_n or_o a_o plain_n and_o find_v a_o vent_n fit_a for_o they_o there_o appear_v a_o proper_a fountain_n who_o stream_n be_v still_o maintain_v by_o the_o same_o condensation_n of_o vapour_n which_o when_o they_o be_v once_o come_v abroad_o be_v in_o continual_a motion_n whereby_o river_n be_v make_v which_o be_v still_o find_v a_o passage_n through_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n whereby_o they_o may_v return_v to_o the_o ocean_n again_o now_o according_a to_o this_o account_n that_o grand_a phaenomenon_n of_o the_o freshness_n of_o fountain-water_n when_o the_o water_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v salt_n whence_o it_o original_o come_v be_v sufficient_o resolve_v for_o mere_a transcolation_n may_v by_o degree_n take_v away_o that_o which_o the_o chemist_n call_v the_o fix_a salt_n and_o for_o the_o volatile_a salt_n of_o it_o which_o be_v a_o more_o spirituous_a thing_n be_v not_o removable_a by_o distillation_n and_o so_o neither_o can_v it_o be_v by_o transcolation_n yet_o such_o a_o evaporation_n as_o that_o mention_a may_v serve_v to_o do_v it_o because_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o fresh_a water_n will_v fall_v from_o the_o cloud_n which_o have_v rise_v from_o those_o vapour_n which_o have_v come_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o beside_o these_o vapour_n or_o small_a particle_n of_o water_n in_o their_o passage_n throw_v the_o earth_n especial_o when_o they_o come_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o do_v incorporate_v with_o other_o sweet_a vapour_n as_o those_o which_o come_v from_o rain_n and_o other_o by_o which_o mean_v they_o insensible_o lose_v their_o former_a acidity_n and_o sharpness_n but_o those_o fountain_n which_o do_v retain_v their_o former_a saltness_n as_o there_o be_v many_o such_o in_o the_o world_n may_v very_o probable_o be_v suppose_v not_o to_o have_v come_v from_o these_o vapour_n condense_v but_o to_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o a_o break_n of_o a_o vein_n in_o which_o the_o salt-water_n be_v convey_v up_o and_o down_o the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n stillingfleet_n orig._n sacr._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 4._o sect._n 6._o the_o opinion_n of_o mr._n edmund_n halley_n in_o the_o philos._n transact_v numb_a 192._o that_o spring_n and_o riveâ—s_n owe_v their_o original_a to_o vapour_n condense_v on_o the_o side_n of_o mountain_n rather_o than_o unto_o rains_n i_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v very_o ingenious_a ground_v upon_o good_a observation_n and_o worthy_a of_o its_o author_n and_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v in_o part_n true_a in_o those_o hot_a country_n in_o the_o torid_a zone_n and_o near_o it_o where_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a heat_n the_o vapour_n be_v more_o copious_o exhale_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o its_o likely_a carry_v up_o high_a in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n but_o in_o europe_n and_o the_o more_o temperate_a country_n i_o believe_v the_o vapour_n condense_v in_o the_o manner_n as_o mr._n halley_n describe_v have_v but_o little_a interest_n in_o the_o produce_v of_o their_o spring_n john_n ray_n miscell_n disc._n of_o the_o dissolute_a of_o the_o world_n pag._n 82._o and_o 85._o dr._n tankred_a robinson_n letter_n to_o mr._n john_n ray._n you_o may_v peradventure_o meet_v with_o some_o opposition_n against_o your_o hypothesis_n of_o fountain_n though_o indeed_o i_o be_o more_o and_o more_o confirm_v in_o your_o opinion_n of_o they_o and_o the_o use_n of_o the_o mountain_n father_n techart_n in_o his_o second_o voyage_n to_o siam_n say_v when_o he_o go_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o table_n mountain_n at_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n the_o rock_n and_o shrub_n be_v perpetual_o drop_v and_o feed_v the_o spring_n and_o rill_n below_o there_o be_v general_o cloud_n hang_v on_o the_o side_n near_o the_o top_n the_o same_o observation_n have_v be_v frequent_o make_v by_o our_o english_a merchant_n in_o the_o madera_n and_o canary_n island_n especial_o in_o their_o journey_n up_o to_o the_o pike_n of_o teneriff_n in_o which_o at_o such_o and_o such_o height_n they_o be_v always_o wet_a to_o the_o skin_n by_o the_o dropping_n of_o the_o great_a stone_n yet_o no_o rain_n over_o head_n the_o same_o i_o have_v feel_v in_o pass_v over_o
within_o the_o land_n that_o they_o have_v no_o great_a root_n so_o that_o a_o man_n will_v think_v it_o impossible_a for_o they_o to_o have_v any_o fast_a hold_n within_o the_o earth_n and_o yet_o they_o stand_v so_o fast_o and_o grow_v so_o high_a that_o it_o make_v one_o afraid_a to_o see_v a_o man_n climb_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o they_o the_o question_n â—eing_v put_v to_o sir_n philoberto_n vernatti_n late_a resident_n in_o java_n major_a whether_o there_o be_v a_o tree_n in_o mexico_n that_o yield_v water_n wine_n vinegar_n oil_n milk_n honey_n wax_n thread_n and_o needle_n his_o answer_n be_v the_o coco-tree_n yield_v all_o this_o and_o more_o the_o nut_n while_o it_o be_v green_a have_v very_o good_a water_n in_o it_o the_o flower_n be_v cut_v drop_v out_o great_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n call_v sury_n or_o taywack_n which_o drink_v fresh_a have_v the_o force_n and_o almost_o the_o taste_n of_o wine_n grow_v four_o be_v very_o good_a vinegar_n and_o distil_v make_v very_o good_a brandy_n or_o areck_n the_o nut_n grate_v and_o mingle_v with_o water_n taste_v like_o milk_n press_v yield_v very_o good_a oil_n bee_n swarm_v in_o these_o tree_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o thread_n and_o needle_n be_v make_v of_o the_o leave_n and_o tough_a twig_n sprat_n hist._n of_o the_o royal_a society_n pag._n 170._o the_o coco_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o useful_a tree_n in_o the_o world_n of_o the_o husk_n or_o outmost_a fibrous_a cover_n of_o the_o nut_n all_o manner_n of_o rope_n and_o cable_n be_v make_v throughout_o india_n of_o the_o shell_n the_o indian_n make_v ladle_n wine-bottle_n and_o many_o fort_n of_o vessel_n the_o inmost_a cover_n next_o the_o kernel_n while_o it_o contain_v only_a liquor_n they_o eat_v with_o salt_n as_o a_o very_a pleasant_a food_n the_o say_a liquor_n be_v common_o use_v as_o a_o clear_a sweet_a and_o cool_a drink_n sometime_o they_o cut_v away_o the_o blossom_n of_o the_o young_a nut_n and_o bind_v a_o convenient_a vessel_n to_o the_o place_n thereby_o obtain_v a_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a liquor_n which_o they_o call_v sura_n this_o stand_v a_o hour_n in_o the_o sun_n become_v good_a vinegar_n use_v throughout_o india_n the_o same_o distil_v i_o suppose_v after_o fermentation_n yield_v a_o pretty_a strong_a brandy_n call_v fulo_n and_o be_v the_o first_o run_v the_o second_o be_v call_v vraca_n the_o only_a wine_n of_o india_n of_o the_o same_o sura_n be_v boil_v and_o set_v in_o the_o sun_n they_o also_o make_v a_o fort_n of_o brown_a sugar_n which_o they_o call_v jagra_n from_o the_o kernel_n itself_o when_o fresh_a and_o well_o stamp_v they_o press_v out_o a_o milk_n which_o they_o always_o mix_v and_o eat_v with_o their_o rice-meat_n of_o the_o kernel_n dry_v call_v copra_n and_o stamp_v they_o make_v oil_n both_o to_o eat_v and_o to_o burn_v of_o the_o leave_n of_o the_o tree_n call_v olas_z they_o make_v the_o sail_n of_o their_o ship_n as_o also_o cover_v for_o their_o house_n and_o tent_n and_o summer-hat_n of_o the_o wood_n they_o make_v ship_n without_o nail_n sew_v the_o several_a part_n together_o with_o the_o cord_n make_v of_o the_o huk_n of_o the_o nut._n grew_n musaeum_fw-la reg._n societ_fw-la pag._n 199_o 200._o observation_n concern_v the_o cacao-tree_n and_o its_o nut_n of_o which_o chocolate_a be_v make_v of_o these_o tree_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n which_o grow_v to_o a_o reasonable_a height_n the_o body_n of_o the_o large_a do_v usual_o arrive_v in_o bulk_n although_o not_o in_o tallness_n to_o the_o largeness_n of_o our_o english_a plum-tree_n they_o be_v in_o every_o part_n smooth_a and_o the_o bough_n and_o branch_n thereof_o extend_v themselves_o on_o every_o side_n to_o the_o proportion_n of_o a_o well-spread_a tree_n much_o resemble_v our_o heartcherry-tree_n but_o at_o its_o full_a growth_n it_o be_v dilate_v to_o a_o great_a breadth_n in_o compass_n and_o be_v something_o lofty_a there_o be_v little_a difference_n in_o the_o leave_n these_o be_v point_v but_o smooth_a on_o the_o eâ—â—â—s_n and_o of_o a_o white_a kind_n of_o pulp_n that_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o palate_n by_o the_o turn_n and_o sweat_v their_o little_a string_n be_v break_v and_o the_o pulp_n be_v imbibe_v and_o mingle_v with_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o nut._n after_o this_o they_o be_v put_v to_o dry_v 3_o or_o 4_o week_n in_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o they_o become_v of_o a_o reddish_n dark_a colour_n as_o you_o see_v and_o so_o be_v cure_a what_o be_v remarkable_a in_o this_o fruit_n be_v that_o the_o cod_n grow_v only_o out_o of_o the_o body_n or_o great_a limb_n and_o bough_n and_o that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n there_o be_v blossom_n young_a and_o ripe_a fruit._n this_o tree_n require_v to_o be_v shelter_v from_o the_o sun_n while_o it_o be_v young_a and_o always_o from_o the_o north-east_n wind_n and_o to_o have_v a_o fat_a moist_a low_a soil_n which_o make_v they_o to_o be_v plant_v common_o by_o river_n and_o between_o mountain_n so_o that_o it_o be_v ill_a live_n where_o there_o be_v good_a cacao-walk_n in_o a_o year_n time_n the_o plant_n come_v to_o be_v 4_o foot_n high_a and_o have_v a_o leaf_n six_o time_n as_o big_a as_o a_o old_a tree_n which_o as_o the_o plant_n grow_v big_a fall_v off_o and_o lesser_a come_v in_o their_o place_n which_o be_v another_o extraordinary_a quality_n of_o this_o tree_n the_o tree_n be_v common_o plant_v at_o 12_o foot_n distance_n and_o at_o 3_o year_n old_a where_o the_o ground_n be_v good_a and_o the_o plant_v prosperous_a it_o begin_v to_o bear_v a_o little_a and_o then_o they_o cut_v down_o all_o or_o some_o of_o the_o shade_n and_o so_o the_o fruit_n increase_v till_o the_o 10_o the_o or_o 12_o the_o year_n and_o then_o the_o tree_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v in_o its_o prime_n how_o long_o it_o may_v continue_v so_o none_o with_o we_o in_o jamaica_n can_v guess_v but_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o root_n general_o shoot_v out_o sucker_n that_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o old_a stock_n when_o dead_a or_o cut_v down_o unless_o when_o any_o ill_a quality_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o air_n kill_v both_o see_v this_o accurate_a account_n of_o the_o cacao_n tree_n give_v by_o a_o very_a intelligent_a person_n reside_v in_o jamaica_n which_v you_o may_v find_v in_o the_o philos_fw-la trans_fw-la act._n numb_a 93._o these_o kernel_n be_v well_o pound_v as_o almond_n in_o a_o mortar_n and_o mix_v with_o a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o sugar_n and_o spice_n according_a as_o the_o trader_n think_v or_o find_v it_o best_o for_o sale_n be_v common_o make_v up_o in_o cake_n or_o roll_n which_o be_v bring_v over_o hither_o from_o spain_n and_o other_o part_n but_o those_o that_o will_v have_v a_o good_a quantity_n for_o their_o own_o private_a use_n have_v much_o better_o procure_v the_o nut_n themselves_o as_o fresh_a and_o new_a as_o may_v be_v and_o so_o prepare_v and_o compound_v they_o to_o their_o own_o constitution_n and_o taste_n and_o for_o those_o that_o drink_v it_o without_o any_o medicinal_a respect_n at_o coffeehouse_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o that_o of_o almond_n fine_o beat_v and_o mix_v with_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o sugar_n and_o spice_n may_v be_v make_v as_o pleasant_a a_o drink_n as_o the_o best_a chawcalate_n grew_n mus._n reg._n soc_n pag._n 205._o dr._n stubbe_n in_o the_o last_o part_n of_o his_o observation_n relate_v to_o jamaica_n see_v the_o philos._n transact_v numb_a 37._o take_v notice_n of_o the_o censure_n of_o simon_n paula_n in_o his_o herbal_a pag._n 383._o against_o chocolata_n and_o say_v he_o can_v forgive_v he_o for_o it_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o that_o liquor_n if_o it_o be_v well_o make_v and_o take_v in_o a_o right_a way_n be_v the_o best_a diet_n for_o hypochondriac_n and_o chronical_a distemper_n for_o the_o scurvy_a gout_n and_o stone_n and_o woman_n lying-in_a and_o child_n newborn_a to_o prevent_v convulsion_n and_o purge_v the_o meconium_n out_o and_o many_o other_o distemper_n that_o infest_a europe_n but_o that_o it_o be_v now_o rather_o use_v for_o luxury_n than_o physic_n and_o so_o compound_v as_o to_o destroy_v the_o stomach_n and_o to_o increase_v hypochondriacal_a disease_n and_o that_o we_o now_o so_o cook_n it_o as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v transform_v into_o a_o caudle_n or_o custard_n the_o native_a indian_n seldom_o or_o never_o use_v any_o compound_n desire_v rather_o to_o preserve_v their_o health_n than_o to_o gratify_v and_o please_v their_o palar_n until_o the_o spaniard_n come_v among_o they_o make_v several_a mixture_n and_o compound_n which_o instead_o of_o make_v chocolate_v better_a as_o they_o suppose_v have_v make_v it_o much_o worse_o and_o many_o of_o the_o english_a especial_o those_o that_o
know_v not_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o cacao_n do_v now_o imitate_v they_o for_o in_o jamaica_n as_o well_o as_o other_o place_n when_o they_o make_v it_o into_o lump_n ball_n cake_n etc._n etc._n they_o add_v to_o the_o cacao_n paste_n chille_n or_o red_a pepper_n achiote_n sweet_a pepper_n common_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o jamaicapepper_n or_o some_o or_o one_o of_o they_o as_o also_o such_o other_o ingredient_n as_o the_o place_n afford_v or_o as_o most_o please_v they_o that_o make_v it_o or_o else_o as_o the_o more_o skilful_a person_n may_v think_v it_o to_o agree_v with_o this_o or_o that_o individual_a person_n add_v thereto_o as_o much_o sugar_n only_o as_o will_v sweeten_v it_o first_o of_o all_o dry_n and_o beat_v every_o ingredient_n apart_o and_o then_o at_o the_o last_o mix_v they_o together_o as_o it_o be_v wrought_v up_o into_o a_o mass._n hughes_n american_n physician_n josephus_n acosta_n say_v that_o in_o several_a place_n in_o the_o west-indies_n the_o cacaw-nut_n be_v so_o much_o esteem_v that_o the_o kernel_n be_v use_v instead_o of_o money_n and_o common_o give_v to_o the_o poor_a as_o alm_n and_o that_o the_o indian_n be_v wont_a to_o treat_v noble_a man_n with_o chacawlate_n as_o they_o pass_v through_o their_o country_n jos_n accost_n hist._n lib._n 4._o cap._n 22._o observation_n concern_v thou_o or_o tea_n thou_o be_v a_o shrub_n grow_v in_o most_o part_n of_o china_n and_o japan_n it_o arise_v general_o to_o the_o height_n and_o bigness_n of_o our_o garden-rose_n and_o currant-tree_n the_o root_n be_v fibrous_a and_o spread_v into_o many_o little_a filament_n near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o flower_n be_v like_o those_o of_o rosa_n sylvestris_n the_o seed_n round_o and_o black_a which_o be_v sow_v come_v to_o perfection_n in_o three_o year_n time_n and_o then_o yield_v yearly_o a_o crop_n but_o these_o be_v little_o value_v the_o great_a and_o only_a virtue_n of_o this_o plant_n be_v suppose_v to_o consist_v only_o in_o the_o leave_n of_o which_o there_o be_v five_o sort_n both_o as_o to_o bigness_n and_o value_v for_o the_o large_a at_o bottom_n be_v sell_v for_o about_o one_o penny_n half_a penny_n the_o pound_n but_o the_o small_a at_o the_o top_n for_o fifty_o nay_o sometime_o one_o hâ—ndred_o and_o fifty_o crowâ—s_n the_o pound_n joh._n nic._n pecâ—lin_n de_fw-fr potu_fw-la theâ—e_n this_o plant_n say_v the_o learned_a pechlin_n abound_v with_o a_o brisk_a volatile_a salt_n which_o he_o adjudge_v very_o agreeable_a to_o our_o northern_a constitution_n who_o blood_n be_v natural_o very_o heavy_a and_o sluggish_a it_o carry_v also_o with_o it_o a_o sine_z thin_a sort_n of_o oil_n but_o so_o admirable_o well_o tempare_v that_o as_o this_o hinder_v the_o spirit_n from_o evaporate_n so_o that_o correct_v the_o inflammability_n of_o this_o from_o whence_o result_v the_o very_a agreeable_a latter_a astringent_a all_o which_o together_o as_o they_o rectify_v the_o ferment_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n strengthen_v and_o confirm_v the_o tone_n of_o the_o part_n contribute_v so_o much_o to_o the_o assist_v of_o nature_n in_o her_o operation_n as_o to_o prevent_v if_o not_o to_o cure_v most_o chronical_a distemper_n because_o the_o discreet_a choice_n of_o a_o proper_a vehicle_n for_o this_o great_a panacea_fw-la may_v be_v very_o material_a the_o learned_a author_n therefore_o think_v good_a to_o show_v his_o dislike_n of_o milk_n in_o that_o it_o very_o much_o obstruct_v its_o more_o lively_a and_o quick_a part_n as_o always_o leave_v behind_o it_o much_o acidity_n which_o how_o prejudicial_a to_o hypochondriacal_a person_n be_v sufficient_o obvious_a he_o dislike_v the_o custom_n they_o use_v in_o japan_n of_o drink_v the_o leave_v powder_v suppose_v that_o it_o may_v dry_v the_o body_n too_o much_o in_o short_a he_o conclude_v warm-water_n to_o be_v the_o most_o natural_a and_o effectual_a vehicle_n as_o be_v pure_a and_o voâ—d_v of_o all_o saline_n or_o other_o way_n pernicious_a particle_n and_o be_v more_o ready_a to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o the_o virtue_n hereof_o which_o when_o arm_v with_o this_o powerful_a vegetable_a nature_n easy_o admit_v into_o its_o obscure_a channel_n and_o dark_a recess_n he_o approve_v well_o enough_o of_o the_o use_n of_o sugar_n as_o it_o serve_v not_o only_o to_o qualify_v the_o bitter_a taste_n by_o its_o sweetness_n which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v correct_v by_o the_o heat_n but_o as_o be_v good_a also_o for_o the_o kindny_n and_o lung_n he_o think_v the_o difference_n of_o constitution_n too_o great_a to_o be_v insist_v on_o and_o therefore_o only_o say_v this_o viz._n that_o those_o of_o a_o dry_a habit_n may_v take_v it_o more_o dilute_v because_o their_o salt_n may_v more_o easy_o be_v carry_v off_o and_o for_o the_o moist_a and_o hydropical_a temper_n he_o suppose_v this_o water_n if_o more_o strong_o impregnate_v may_v make_v way_n for_o the_o evacuation_n of_o the_o other_o as_o to_o the_o time_n of_o take_v it_o he_o say_v the_o more_o empty_a the_o stomach_n the_o passage_n will_v be_v the_o more_o easy_a and_o therefore_o in_o such_o the_o more_o effectual_a he_o condemn_v the_o use_n of_o it_o after_o meal_n because_o the_o volatiâ—e_a part_n fly_v off_o before_o the_o meat_n be_v any_o way_n digest_v after_o which_o the_o concoction_n be_v difficulty_n perform_v because_o the_o ferment_n as_o well_o as_o the_o volatility_n of_o the_o chyle_n be_v suppress_v by_o the_o astringent_a quality_n which_o in_o those_o circumstance_n oft_o prove_v a_o thing_n of_o very_o pernicious_a consequence_n to_o conclude_v our_o author_n notwithstanding_o all_o his_o encomium_n of_o this_o exotic_a can_v be_v content_a to_o think_v we_o may_v receive_v as_o much_o benefit_n from_o some_o plant_n of_o our_o own_o growth_n be_v people_n industrious_a to_o search_v after_o they_o such_o as_o veronica_n lingua_fw-la cervina_fw-la marrhubium_fw-la hepatica_fw-la cichoreum_n and_o some_o other_o which_o he_o name_v pecâ—lin_n ibidem_fw-la the_o physician_n of_o tunquin_n in_o india_n do_v mighty_o admire_v the_o herb_n tea_n which_o come_v from_o china_n and_o japan_n which_o latter_a country_n produce_v the_o best_a it_o be_v bring_v to_o they_o in_o tin_n pot_n close_o stop_v to_o keep_v out_o the_o air._n when_o they_o will_v use_v it_o they_o boil_v a_o quantity_n of_o water_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n they_o intend_v to_o use_v and_o when_o the_o water_n seethe_v they_o throw_v a_o small_a quantity_n into_o it_o allow_v as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v nip_v between_o their_o thumb_n and_o forefinger_n to_o a_o glass_n this_o they_o prescribe_v to_o be_v drink_v as_o hot_a as_o they_o can_v endure_v it_o as_o be_v a_o excellent_a remedy_n against_o the_o headache_n for_o the_o gravel_n and_o for_o those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o gripe_a of_o the_o gut_n but_o then_o they_o order_v a_o little_a ginger_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o water_n when_o it_o boil_v at_z goa_n batavia_n and_o in_o all_o the_o indian_a factory_n there_o be_v none_o of_o the_o euiâ—â—â—â—â—ns_n who_o do_v not_o spend_v above_o four_o or_o five_o leave_n a_o day_n and_o they_o be_v careful_a to_o preserve_v the_o boil_a leaf_n for_o a_o evening_n salad_n with_o sugar_n vinegar_n and_o oil_n that_o be_v account_v the_o best_a tea_n which_o colour_n the_o water_n green_a but_o that_o which_o make_v the_o water_n look_v red_a be_v little_o value_v in_o japan_n the_o king_n and_o great_a lord_n who_o drink_v tea_n drink_v only_o the_o flower_n which_o be_v much_o more_o wholesome_a and_o of_o a_o taste_n much_o more_o please_a but_o the_o price_n be_v much_o different_a for_o one_o of_o our_o ordinary_a â—eâ—â—-giasses_a be_v there_o worth_a a_o french_a crown_n tavern_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o tunqin_n chap._n x._o in_o japan_n there_o be_v a_o plant_n call_v tsia_n it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o the_o or_o ten_o but_o the_o plant_n be_v much_o more_o delicate_a and_o more_o high_o esteem_v than_o that_o of_o the_o person_n of_o quality_n keep_v it_o very_o careful_o in_o earthen_a pot_n well_o stop_v that_o it_o may_v not_o take_v windâ—_n but_o the_o japponneses_n prepare_v it_o quite_o otherwise_o than_o be_v do_v in_o europe_n for_o instead_o of_o infuse_v it_o into_o warm_a water_n they_o beat_v it_o as_o small_a as_o powder_n and_o take_v of_o it_o as_o much_o as_o will_v lie_v on_o the_o point_n of_o a_o knife_n and_o put_v it_o into_o a_o dish_n of_o porcelain_n or_o earth_n full_a of_o seethe_a water_n in_o which_o they_o slir_v it_o till_o the_o water_n be_v all_o green_a and_o then_o drink_v it_o as_o hot_a as_o they_o can_v endure_v it_o it_o be_v excellent_a good_a after_o a_o debauch_n it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n that_o allay_v the_o vapour_n and_o settle_v the_o
copper_n be_v lesser_a and_o thick_a than_o the_o other_o which_o the_o master-workman_n do_v always_o tend_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n till_o it_o be_v boil_v enough_o and_o then_o they_o put_v it_o into_o wooden-box_n make_v broad_a at_o the_o top_n and_o narrow_a at_o the_o bottom_n with_o a_o hole_n almost_o like_o a_o mill-hopper_n then_o they_o set_v it_o in_o the_o curing-house_n in_o which_o there_o be_v a_o place_n make_v to_o set_v they_o all_o in_o row_v under_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o gutter_n or_o trough_n be_v place_v to_o receive_v the_o mallassus_fw-la and_o convey_v it_o into_o a_o vessel_n they_o cover_v the_o top_n of_o these_o box_n or_o earthen_a vessel_n with_o a_o temper_a white_a earth_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v great_a art_n in_o whiten_v and_o make_v of_o good_a sugar_n see_v hvghes's_fw-fr american_n physician_n pag._n 30_o 31_o 32_o 33_o &_o 34._o the_o principal_a knack_n without_o which_o all_o their_o labour_n be_v in_o vain_a be_v in_o make_v the_o juice_n when_o sufficient_o boil_v to_o kerne_n or_o granulate_v which_o be_v do_v by_o add_v to_o it_o a_o small_a proportion_n of_o lie_v make_v with_o vegetable_a ash_n without_o which_o it_o will_v never_o come_v to_o any_o thing_n by_o boil_v but_o a_o syrup_n or_o a_o extract_n but_o a_o little_a of_o that_o fix_a salt_n serve_v it_o seem_v to_o shackle_n or_o crystallise_v which_o be_v a_o degree_n of_o fixation_n a_o very_a great_a quantity_n of_o the_o essential_a salt_n of_o this_o plant._n in_o reâ—ining_v the_o sugar_n the_o first_o degree_n of_o pureness_n be_v effect_v only_o by_o permit_v the_o moloss_n to_o drain_v a_o way_n through_o a_o hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sugar_n pot_n the_o pot_n be_v all_o the_o time_n open_a at_o the_o top_n the_o second_o degree_n be_v procure_v by_o cover_v the_o pot_n at_o the_o top_n with_o clay_n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v for_o that_o the_o air_n be_v hereby_o keep_v out_o from_o the_o sugar_n which_o in_o the_o open_a pot_n it_o harden_v before_o it_o have_v full_a time_n to_o refine_v by_o separation_n and_o therefore_o whereas_o the_o first_o way_n require_v but_o one_o month_n this_o require_v four_o the_o fine_a sugar_n of_o all_o be_v make_v with_o limewate_a and_o sometime_o urine_n and_o whites_n of_o eggs._n that_o which_o dioscorides_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d galen_n sacchar_n and_o archigenes_n sal_fw-la indium_fw-la be_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o substance_n faith_n matthiolus_n with_o that_o we_o call_v sugar_n save_v that_o whereas_o this_o be_v make_v of_o the_o juice_n express_v and_o boil_v that_o of_o the_o ancient_n as_o be_v likely_a be_v only_o the_o tear_n which_o burst_v out_o of_o the_o cane_n as_o the_o gum_n or_o milks_n of_o plant_n be_v use_v to_o do_v be_v thereupon_o harden_v into_o a_o pure_a white_a sugar_n that_o the_o sugar_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v the_o simple_a concrete_v juice_n of_o a_o cane_n he_o well_o conjecture_n but_o that_o it_o be_v the_o juice_n or_o tear_n of_o the_o sugar-cane_n he_o prove_v not_o nor_o i_o think_v can_v be_v if_o as_o be_v suppose_v it_o be_v like_o salt_n friable_a and_o hard_a and_o in_o affirm_v our_o sugar_n to_o be_v the_o same_o for_o substance_n with_o that_o of_o the_o ancients_n he_o much_o mistake_v that_o be_v the_o simple_a juice_n of_o the_o cane_n â—his_v a_o compound_a thing_n always_o mix_v either_o with_o the_o salt_n of_o lime_n or_o of_o ash_n sometime_o of_o animal_n too_o grew_n mâ—s._n reg._n societ_fw-la pag._n 224_o 225._o in_o jamaica_n the_o sugar_n cure_v fast_a in_o ten_o day_n than_o in_o six_o month_n in_o barbadoes_n and_o this_o happen_v in_o such_o place_n as_o it_o rain_v for_o many_o month_n at_o the_o same_o time_n but_o you_o must_v know_v that_o rains_n there_o be_v sudden_a and_o make_v no_o previous_a alteration_n in_o the_o air_n before_o they_o fall_v nor_o do_v they_o leave_v it_o moist_a afterward_o dr._n stubbe_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 36._o pag._n 705._o observation_n concern_v diamond_n the_o principal_a diamond_n mine_n now_o know_v be_v four_o that_o of_o raolconda_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o visapour_n discover_v two_o hundred_o year_n since_o in_o this_o mine_n the_o diamond_n lie_v in_o sandy_a vein_n in_o the_o rock_n of_o all_o the_o clear_a and_o of_o the_o white_a water_n they_o pound_n and_o wash_v the_o vein_n for_o the_o diamond_n just_a as_o we_o do_v some_o of_o our_o oar_n for_o the_o metal_n a_o second_o call_v the_o gany_n about_o seven_o day_n journey_n from_o golconda_n find_v out_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o they_o dig_v here_o not_o above_o fourteen_o foot_n deep_a sometime_o above_o sixty_o thousand_o man_n woman_n and_o child_n be_v at_o work_n it_o afford_v the_o large_a diamond_n but_o not_o clear_a a_o three_o that_o of_o govel_n a_o river_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o bengala_n the_o diamond_n be_v find_v in_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o river_n for_o the_o space_n of_o fifty_o league_n from_o hence_o come_v those_o fair_a point_a stone_n call_v natural_a point_n but_o not_o great_a the_o four_o that_o of_o succadan_n a_o river_n in_o borneo_n but_o there_o be_v none_o come_v from_o thence_o but_o by_o stealth_n grew_n mus._n reg._n societ_fw-la pag._n 281_o 282._o there_o be_v in_o the_o diamond-rock_n of_o raolconda_n several_a vein_n some_o half_n a_o finger_n some_o a_o whole_a finger-wide_a and_o the_o miner_n make_v make_v use_n of_o iron_n with_o hook_n at_o the_o end_n with_o which_o they_o pick_v out_o the_o earth_n or_o sand_n which_o they_o put_v into_o tub_n and_o among_o that_o earth_n they_o find_v the_o diamond_n but_o because_o these_o vein_n do_v not_o run_v always_o strâ—ight_o but_o sometime_o down_o sometime_o upward_o the_o minâ—rs_n follow_v always_o the_o trace_n of_o the_o vein_n be_v often_o constrain_v to_o break_v the_o rock_n with_o great_a iron-leaver_n and_o strike_v with_o a_o violent_a force_n which_o often_o 〈◊〉_d the_o diamond_n and_o makeâ—_n it_o look_v like_a crystal_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n there_o be_v find_v so_o many_o sofâ—_n stone_n in_o this_o diamond-mine_a though_o they_o make_v a_o great_a show_n when_o they_o have_v open_v all_o the_o vein_n and_o take_v out_o all_o the_o sand_n than_o they_o wash_v it_o two_o or_o three_o time_n over_o to_o look_v for_o the_o diamond_n tavern_n trau._n in_o inâ—ia_n part_v ii_o book_n ii_o chap._n xi_o the_o water_n of_o those_o diamond_n which_o be_v draw_v not_o from_o the_o rock_n but_o thâ—_n ground_n common_o partake_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o soil_n wherein_o they_o be_v find_v so_o that_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v clean_a and_o somewhat_o sandy_a the_o diamond_n will_v be_v of_o a_o good_a water_n but_o if_o it_o be_v fat_a or_o black_a or_o of_o any_o other_o colour_n they_o will_v have_v some_o tincture_n of_o it_o boil_v of_o gem_n pag._n 51._o whereas_o it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o as_o gold_n be_v the_o heavy_a of_o metal_n so_o diamond_n be_v the_o hard_a and_o heavy_a of_o stone_n the_o honourable_a mr._n boyle_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n agree_v to_o this_o assertion_n since_o as_o he_o tell_v we_o in_o his_o discourse_n of_o gem_n pag._n 52._o he_o by_o his_o own_o experience_n know_v it_o to_o be_v false_a boethius_n in_o his_o treatise_n de_fw-fr gemmis_fw-la &_o lapidibus_fw-la affirm_v that_o diamond_n receive_v no_o hurt_n but_o be_v rather_o mend_v by_o the_o firâ—_n garciâ—s_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 43._o tell_v we_o that_o some_o diamond_n be_v rubâ—ed_v will_v take_v up_o straw_n just_a like_o amber_n and_o other_o electrical_a body_n and_o mr._n boyle_n in_o his_o forementioned_a tract_n of_o gem_n pag._n 109._o mention_n a_o diamond_n of_o he_o which_o with_o a_o little_a friction_n attract_v vigorous_o and_o that_o he_o have_v another_o diamond_n in_o his_o keep_n which_o by_o water_n make_v a_o little_a more_o than_o lukewarm_a he_o can_v bring_v to_o shine_v in_o the_o dark_a ibidem_fw-la pag._n 112._o it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o all_o true_a diamond_n to_o unite_v the_o foil_n close_o and_o equal_o to_o itself_o and_o thereby_o better_o augment_v its_o lustre_n than_o any_o other_o gem._n that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o foil_n be_v a_o mixture_n of_o mastic_n and_o burn_a ivory_n the_o latter_a be_v one_o of_o the_o black_a of_o colour_n use_v by_o painter_n for_o velvet_n the_o pupil_n of_o the_o eye_n etc._n etc._n grews_n mus._n reg._n societ_fw-la pag._n 282._o between_o the_o grain_n and_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o diamond_n there_o be_v this_o difference_n that_o the_o former_a further_v the_o latter_a be_v so_o insuperable_o hard_a hinder_v the_o split_a of_o it_o although_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o vein_n sometime_o be_v nothing_o else_o
but_o a_o cross-grain_n our_o european_a jeweller_n when_o they_o split_v one_o they_o take_v a_o very_a small_a iron_n wyre_n and_o have_v daub_v it_o with_o oil_n and_o powder_n of_o diamond_n draw_v it_o upon_o the_o diamond_n by_o a_o tool_n to_o and_o fro_o like_o a_o saw_n so_o long_o as_o be_v needful_a for_o that_o purpose_n grow_v ibidem_fw-la as_o foâ—_n the_o water_n of_o diamond_n it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o whereas_o in_o europe_n we_o make_v use_v of_o daylight_n to_o examine_v the_o rough_a stone_n and_o to_o judge_v of_o their_o water_n and_o the_o speck_n that_o be_v find_v therein_o the_o indian_n do_v all_o that_o in_o the_o nighttime_n set_v up_o a_o lamp_n with_o a_o large_a wiek_n in_o a_o hole_n which_o they_o make_v in_o the_o wall_n about_o a_o foot_n square_a by_o the_o light_n whereof_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o water_n and_o clearness_n of_o the_o stone_n which_o they_o hold_v between_o their_o finger_n the_o water_n which_o they_o call_v celestial_a be_v the_o worst_a of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o discern_v it_o so_o long_o as_o the_o stone_n be_v rough_a the_o most_o infallible_a way_n to_o find_v out_o that_o water_n be_v to_o carry_v the_o stone_n under_o a_o tree_n thick_a of_o â—oughs_n for_o by_o the_o verdure_n of_o that_o shade_n you_o may_v easy_o discern_v whether_o the_o water_n be_v bluish_a or_o no._n tavern_n trav_fw-mi in_o india_n part_v ii_o book_n ii_o chap._n twelve_o to_o know_v the_o value_n of_o diamond_n if_o they_o be_v every_o way_n perfect_a tavernier_n give_v this_o rule_n that_o if_o a_o good_a diamond_n weigh_v one_o carat_n viz._n four_o grain_n it_o be_v worth_a 150_o french_a livre_n and_o then_o to_o know_v how_o much_o a_o good_a stone_n weigh_v 12_o carat_n be_v worth_a you_o be_v to_o multiply_v 12_o by_o 12_o which_o make_v 144_o which_o product_n be_v to_o be_v multiply_v by_o 150_o the_o price_n of_o a_o stone_n of_o one_o carat_n which_o will_v make_v 21600_o livre_n the_o price_n of_o a_o diamond_n of_o 12_o carat_n but_o if_o the_o diamond_n be_v not_o perfect_a than_o you_o be_v to_o allow_v but_o 80_o liver_n for_o a_o carat_n and_o if_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o diamond_n shall_v weight_n 15_o câ—rats_n then_o multiply_v 15_o by_o 15_o which_o be_v 225_o and_o this_o into_o 80_o make_v 18000_o livre_n the_o value_n of_o that_o diamond_n according_a to_o which_o rule_n the_o diamond_n of_o the_o great_a mogul_n weigh_v 279_o and_o 9_o 16_o the_o carat_n be_v oâ—_n a_o perfect_a gâ—â—d_a water_n and_o of_o a_o good_a shape_n wâ—tâ—_n only_o a_o little_a flaw_n in_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o cut_n below_o which_o gâ—es_v â—ound_v aâ—â—ut_o the_o stone_n will_v a_o â—unt_n to_o 11723278_o livre_n be_v it_o not_o for_o that_o little_a flaw_n which_o be_v mention_v the_o first_o carat_n of_o this_o diamond_n wâ—re_o worth_a 160_o livre_n but_o tauâ—rnier_n allow_v for_o that_o flaw_n he_o value_v the_o first_o carat_n but_o at_o 150_o livre_n and_o so_o he_o have_v make_v his_o computation_n he_o say_v that_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n diamond_n weigh_v 139_o carat_n clean_a and_o well-shaped_a cut_v in_o facet_n every_o way_n but_o that_o in_o regard_n the_o water_n incline_v somewhat_o towards_o the_o colour_n of_o citron_n he_o do_v not_o value_v the_o first_o carat_n above_o 135_o livre_n so_o that_o by_o the_o rule_n the_o diamond_n ought_v to_o be_v worth_a 2608335_o livre_n tavern_n ibid._n chap._n 15._o observation_n concern_v pearl_n in_o the_o first_o place_n there_o be_v a_o fishery_n for_o pearl_n in_o the_o persian_a gulf_n round_o about_o the_o island_n of_o bakren_n every_o one_o that_o fish_n pay_v to_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n five_o abassi_n every_o abassi_n be_v worth_a about_o 18_o sols_n french_a money_n whether_o he_o get_v any_o thing_n or_o no._n the_o merchant_n also_o pay_v the_o king_n some_o small_a matter_n for_o every_o thousand_o oyster_n the_o second_o fishery_n for_o pearl_n be_v right_a against_o bakren_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o arabia_n felix_n near_o the_o city_n of_o catifa_n which_o together_o with_o all_o the_o country_n about_o it_o be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o a_o arabian_a prince_n the_o pearl_n that_o be_v fish_v in_o these_o place_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o indian_n who_o as_o tavernier_n inform_v we_o be_v not_o so_o nice_a as_o we_o for_o they_o give_v a_o good_a price_n for_o all_o as_o well_o the_o uneven_a as_o the_o round_a one_o there_o be_v another_o fishery_n for_o pearl_n in_o the_o sea_n that_o beat_v against_o the_o wall_n of_o a_o great_a town_n call_v manar_n in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylan_n for_o their_o roundness_n and_o their_o water_n they_o be_v the_o fair_a that_o be_v find_v in_o any_o other_o fishery_n but_o they_o rare_o weigh_v above_o three_o or_o four_o carat_n there_o be_v excellent_a pearl_n and_o of_o a_o very_a good_a water_n and_o large_a which_o be_v find_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o japan_n but_o there_o be_v few_o fish_v for_o in_o regard_n jewel_n be_v of_o no_o esteem_n among_o the_o native_n there_o be_v other_o fishery_n in_o the_o west-indies_n in_o the_o first_o place_n all_o along_o the_o island_n of_o cubagna_n three_o league_n in_o compass_n lie_v ten_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a of_o northern_a latitude_n a_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o league_n from_o santo_n domingo_n the_o pearl_n be_v small_a seldom_o weigh_v above_o five_o carat_n the_o second_o fishery_n be_v in_o the_o island_n of_o margarita_n or_o the_o island_n of_o pearl_n a_o league_n from_o cubagna_n but_o much_o big_a this_o fishery_n be_v not_o the_o most_o plentiful_a but_o it_o be_v the_o most_o esteem_v of_o all_o those_o in_o the_o west-indies_n by_o reason_n the_o pearl_n be_v of_o a_o most_o excellent_a water_n and_o very_o large_a tavernier_n say_v he_o sell_v one_o pear-fashioned_a to_o sha-est-kan_n the_o great_a mogul_n uncle_n that_o weigh_v fifty_o five_o carat_n the_o three_o fishery_n be_v at_o camogete_n near_o the_o continent_n the_o four_o at_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hâ—cha_n all_o along_o the_o same_o coast._n the_o five_o and_o last_o at_o st._n martha_n sixty_o league_n from_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n all_o these_o three_o fishery_n produce_v very_o weighty_a pearl_n but_o they_o be_v general_o ill_o shape_v and_o of_o a_o water_n incline_v to_o the_o colour_n of_o lead_n as_o for_o scotch_a pearl_n and_o those_o that_o be_v find_v in_o the_o river_n of_o bavaria_n though_o a_o necklace_n of_o they_o may_v be_v worth_a a_o thousand_o crown_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o eastern_a and_o west-indian_a pearl_n some_o year_n since_o there_o be_v a_o fâ—shâ—ry_n discover_v in_o a_o certain_a place_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o japan_n tavernier_n say_v he_o have_v see_v some_o which_o the_o hollander_n have_v bring_v thence_o they_o be_v of_o a_o very_a good_a water_n and_o large_a but_o very_o uneven_a tavern_n trau._n in_o india_n part_v ii_o book_n ii_o chap._n xvii_o over_o all_o asia_n they_o choose_v the_o yellow_a water_n incline_v to_o white_a for_o they_o say_v those_o pearl_n that_o incline_v somewhat_o to_o a_o gold_n colour_n be_v more_o brisk_a and_o never_o change_v colour_n but_o that_o the_o white_a one_o will_v change_v in_o thirty_o year_n time_n through_o the_o very_a heat_n of_o the_o wether_n and_o the_o sweat_n of_o the_o person_n that_o wear_v they_o turn_v they_o scandalous_o yellow_a take_v this_o observation_n along_o with_o you_o touch_v the_o difference_n of_o their_o water_n some_o be_v very_o white_a other_o incline_v to_o yellow_a other_o to_o black_a other_o to_o a_o leaden_a colour_n as_o for_o the_o last_o there_o be_v no_o such_o but_o only_o in_o america_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v general_o more_o oozy_a than_o in_o the_o east_n i_o once_o meet_v with_o six_o pearl_n in_o the_o return_n of_o a_o cargo_n from_o the_o west-indies_n that_o be_v perfect_o round_a but_o black_a like_o jet_n which_o weigh_v one_o with_o another_o twelve_o carat_n i_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o east-indies_n to_o put_v they_o off_o but_o can_v meet_v with_o no_o chapman_n to_o buy_v they_o as_o for_o those_o that_o incline_v to_o yellow_a it_o proceed_v from_o hence_o that_o the_o fisherman_n sell_v the_o oyster_n to_o the_o merchant_n in_o heap_n while_o they_o stay_v fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o day_n till_o the_o oyster_n lose_v their_o water_n the_o oyster_n waste_v and_o begin_v to_o smell_v for_o which_o reason_n the_o pearl_n grow_v yellow_a by_o infection_n which_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o truth_n in_o regard_n that_o where_o the_o oyster_n preserve_v their_o liquor_n the_o pearl_n be_v white_a now_o the_o reason_n
metal_n transl._n by_o the_o earl_n of_o sandwich_n chap._n 8._o johannes_n alphonsus_n borellus_n in_o his_o historia_n &_o meteorologia_fw-la incendii_fw-la aetnoei_fw-la ann._n 1669._o take_v particular_a notice_n of_o the_o great_a abundance_n of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a that_o be_v find_v in_o all_o the_o hole_n and_o vent_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o in_o the_o cleft_n of_o stone_n and_o of_o this_o salt_n he_o affirm_v that_o there_o have_v be_v sublime_v for_o he_o make_v it_o factitious_a so_o great_a store_n that_o many_o thousand_o of_o pound_n may_v be_v gather_v add_v that_o even_o a_o whole_a year_n after_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o fire_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o aetna_n there_o be_v find_v remain_v dâ—vers_n vent_v about_o catania_n exhaling_a store_n of_o smoke_n which_o have_v the_o like_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a flick_v to_o the_o side_n and_o edge_n of_o the_o stone_n at_o this_o day_n we_o have_v little_a knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a nitre_n which_o be_v ancient_o make_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n nilus_n although_o albertus_n magnus_n say_v that_o in_o goselaria_n there_o be_v a_o mountain_n that_o contain_v a_o very_a rich_a mine_n of_o copper_n and_o that_o the_o water_n which_o issue_v out_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o it_o be_v dry_v become_v nitre_n we_o know_v little_a also_o of_o aphronitrum_n which_o be_v but_o as_o it_o be_v the_o froth_n of_o nitre_n nitre_n be_v bitter_a than_o salt_n but_o less_o salt_n salt_n peter_n be_v the_o mean_a between_o they_o two_o and_o consist_v of_o very_o dry_a and_o subtle_a part_n it_o grow_v on_o the_o wall_n of_o old_a house_n and_o in_o stable_n cow-house_n hog-sty_n and_o dove-coat_n it_o will_v grow_v again_o in_o the_o same_o earth_n it_o be_v take_v out_o of_o if_o that_o earth_n be_v throw_v in_o heap_n and_o not_o stir_v and_o take_v care_n of_o or_o if_o ordinary_a earth_n be_v cast_v up_o into_o heap_n and_o water_v with_o brackish_a water_n after_o some_o year_n it_o will_v give_v a_o great_a increase_n as_o profitable_a as_o crop_n of_o corn._n the_o use_n of_o it_o in_o make_v gunpowder_n and_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v very_o well_o know_v it_o be_v use_v also_o in_o the_o melt_a of_o metal_n ibidem_fw-la whether_o the_o nitre_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v of_o the_o same_o species_n with_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v common_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o salt_n peter_n be_v various_o dispute_v by_o very_o learned_a author_n among_o the_o modern_a physician_n on_o the_o negative_a side_n be_v mathiolus_n and_o bellonius_fw-la the_o latter_a of_o which_o have_v the_o advantage_n by_o the_o opportunity_n of_o his_o travel_n in_o egypt_n to_o have_v often_o see_v and_o handle_v they_o both_o and_o be_v so_o positive_a as_o to_o pronounce_v that_o in_o all_o christendom_n there_o be_v not_o one_o grain_n of_o nitre_n to_o be_v find_v unless_o it_o be_v bring_v from_o other_o part_n although_o at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o be_v in_o grand_a cairo_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 1550_o it_o be_v so_o common_a there_o as_o he_o say_v that_o ten_o pound_n of_o it_o will_v not_o cost_v a_o moidin_n among_o those_o that_o hold_v the_o affirmative_a the_o most_o eminent_a be_v cardan_n and_o longius_fw-la and_o it_o seem_v the_o general_a vote_n of_o learned_a man_n have_v be_v most_o favourable_a to_o that_o opinion_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o all_o latin_a relation_n and_o prescription_n the_o word_n nitrum_fw-la or_o halinitrum_fw-la be_v most_o common_o use_v for_o salt_n peter_n i_o have_v often_o inquire_v among_o our_o london_z drugster_n for_o egyptian_n nitre_n and_o if_o i_o have_v be_v so_o fortunate_a as_o to_o have_v â—ound_v any_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o i_o shall_v have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o that_o question_n by_o a_o demonstration_n that_o be_v by_o turn_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o into_o salt_n peter_n however_o the_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v in_o my_o own_o private_a experiment_n and_o in_o the_o practice_n of_o salt_n peter-man_n and_o refiner_n of_o salt_n peter_n seem_v to_o give_v i_o sufficient_a ground_n to_o suspect_v that_o the_o confidence_n of_o those_o who_o hold_v they_o to_o be_v several_a salt_n proceed_v chief_o from_o their_o be_v unacquainted_a with_o the_o various_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o salt_n peter_n in_o the_o make_n and_o refine_n of_o it_o and_o also_o their_o compare_v double_a refine_a salt_n peter_n oâ—_n which_o gunpowder_n be_v make_v with_o the_o nitrum_fw-la and_o aphronitrum_fw-la describe_v by_o pliny_n in_o the_o one_o and_o thirty_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o only_a tolerable_a account_n of_o that_o salt_n that_o have_v be_v hand_v to_o we_o from_o antiquity_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o aphronitrum_n be_v colore_fw-la penè_fw-la purpureo_fw-la and_o egyptian_a nitre_n fuscum_fw-la &_o lapidosum_fw-la henshaw_n of_o the_o make_n of_o salt_n peter_n see_v sprat_n hist._n of_o the_o r._n s._n pag._n 260_o 261._o nitre_n be_v often_o adulterate_v by_o be_v mix_v with_o common_a salt_n but_o you_o may_v try_v it_o by_o burn_v for_o be_v fire_v upon_o a_o red_a hot_a tile_n or_o stone_n if_o all_o fly_v away_o it_o be_v pure_a but_o if_o any_o thing_n remain_v it_o be_v common_a salt_n the_o lord_n bacon_n say_v that_o nitre_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o cool_a spice_n in_o that_o it_o bite_v the_o tongue_n and_o palate_n with_o cold_a just_a as_o spice_n do_v with_o heat_n and_o that_o nitre_n be_v the_o only_a vegetable_a which_o abound_v with_o spirit_n and_o yet_o be_v cold._n he_o further_o tell_v we_o that_o cattle_n which_o drink_v of_o nitrous_a water_n do_v manifest_o grow_v fat_a which_o say_v he_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o its_o cold_a quality_n bac_n hist._n of_o life_n and_o death_n it_o be_v affirm_v by_o several_a that_o gunpowder_n which_o consist_v principal_o of_o nitre_n be_v take_v in_o drink_n do_v conduce_v to_o valour_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v often_o use_v by_o mariner_n and_o soldier_n just_a before_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v even_o as_o the_o turk_n do_v opium_n the_o great_a part_n of_o africa_n have_v no_o other_o salt_n but_o such_o as_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o quarry_n and_o mine_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o marble_n or_o free_a stone_n be_v of_o a_o white_a red_a and_o grey_a colour_n barbary_n abound_v with_o salt_n and_o nâ—midia_n be_v indifferent_o furnish_v therewith_o but_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n and_o especial_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o ethiopia_n be_v so_o destitute_a thereof_o that_o a_o pound_n of_o salt_n be_v there_o sell_v for_o half_a a_o ducat_n and_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n use_v not_o to_o set_v salt_n upon_o their_o table_n but_o hold_v a_o crumb_n of_o salt_n in_o their_o hand_n they_o â—ick_v the_o same_o at_o every_o morsel_n of_o meat_n which_o they_o put_v in_o their_o mouth_n in_o certain_a lake_n of_o barbary_n all_o the_o summer_n time_n there_o be_v fair_a and_o white_a salt_n congeal_v or_o kern_v as_o namely_o in_o divers_a place_n near_o the_o city_n of_o fez_n purch._n pilgr_n vol._n ii_o pag._n 849._o the_o learned_a and_o ingenious_a dr._n brown_a in_o his_o travel_n pag._n 112._o say_v that_o near_o the_o city_n of_o epery_n in_o upper_a hungary_n there_o be_v a_o salt-mine_a of_o great_a note_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o fourscore_o fathom_n deep_a in_o which_o be_v piece_n of_o salt_n find_v of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n the_o principal_a salt-mine_n be_v in_o poland_n and_o calabria_n in_o the_o lesser_a poland_n say_v comer_n in_o his_o description_n of_o that_o country_n be_v some_o piece_n of_o salt_n as_o big_a as_o huge_a stone_n so_o hard_o that_o house_n and_o even_o whole_a town_n be_v build_v with_o they_o in_o the_o philosophical_a transaction_n we_o have_v a_o relation_n concern_v the_o salgemme_n mine_n in_o poland_n lie_v within_o a_o mile_n of_o cracovia_n which_o relation_n be_v communicate_v to_o mr._n oldenburg_n by_o a_o curious_a gentleman_n in_o germany_n who_o some_o year_n since_o descend_v himself_o into_o those_o mine_n to_o the_o depth_n of_o 200_o fathom_n and_o be_v lead_v about_o in_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hour_n he_o say_v that_o out_o of_o these_o mine_n they_o dig_v and_o cut_v out_o three_o sort_n of_o salt_n one_o be_v common_a course_n and_o black_a the_o second_o somewhat_o siner_n and_o white_a the_o three_o very_o white_a and_o clear_a like_a crystal_n he_o say_v the_o course_n and_o black_a salt_n be_v cut_v out_o in_o great_a piece_n roundish_n and_o three_o polonian_a ell_n long_o and_o one_o ell_n thick_a which_o câ—sts_v from_o fifty_o to_o seventy_o polonian_a florin_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o cracow_n have_v a_o privilege_n whereby_o a_o certain_a
fringe_n at_o each_o end_n be_v three_o inch_n more_o so_o that_o the_o whole_a be_v just_o a_o foot_n in_o length_n and_o the_o breadth_n be_v just_o half_a a_o foot_n there_o be_v two_o proof_n of_o its_o resist_a fire_n give_v at_o london_n one_o before_o some_o of_o the_o member_n of_o the_o r._n society_n private_o aug._n 20.1684_o when_o oil_n be_v permit_v to_o be_v pour_v upon_o it_o whilst_o red_a hot_a to_o enforce_v the_o violence_n of_o the_o fire_n before_o it_o be_v put_v into_o the_o fire_n this_o first_o trial_n it_o weigh_v one_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la sixteen_o grain_n and_o lose_v in_o the_o burn_a two_o dram_fw-la five_o grain_n the_o second_o experiment_n of_o it_o be_v public_a before_o the_o society_n nou._n 12._o follow_v when_o it_o weigh_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o journal_n of_o the_o society_n before_o it_o be_v put_v into_o the_o fire_n one_o ounce_n three_o dram_fw-la 18_o grain_n be_v put_v into_o a_o clear_a charcoal_n fire_n it_o be_v permit_v to_o continue_v red_a hot_a in_o it_o for_o several_a minute_n when_o take_v out_o though_o red_a hot_a it_o do_v not_o consume_v a_o piece_n of_o white_a paper_n on_o which_o it_o be_v lay_v it_o be_v present_o cool_a and_o upon_o weigh_v it_o again_o be_v find_v to_o have_v lose_v one_o dram_n six_o grain_n philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 172._o that_o this_o linen_n be_v very_o well_o know_v to_o the_o ancient_n beside_o that_o of_o pliny_n we_o have_v the_o further_a testimony_n of_o caelius_n rhodiginus_fw-la who_o agree_v with_o the_o aforesaid_a account_n in_o mr._n wait_v letter_n to_o dr._n plot_n place_v both_o the_o material_n and_o manufacture_n of_o it_o in_o india_n and_o paulus_n venetus_n more_o particular_o in_o tartary_n the_o emperor_n whereof_o he_o say_v send_v a_o piece_n of_o it_o to_o pope_n alexander_n it_o be_v also_o mention_v by_o varro_n and_o turnebus_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o he_o de_fw-fr lingua_fw-la latina_n and_o by_o all_o of_o they_o as_o a_o thing_n inconsumable_a by_o fire_n in_o these_o latter_a age_n georg._n agricola_n tell_v we_o that_o there_o be_v a_o mantle_n of_o this_o linen_n at_o vereburg_n in_o saxony_n and_o simon_n majolus_n say_v he_o see_v another_o of_o it_o at_o louvain_n expose_v to_o the_o fire_n salmuth_n also_o acquaint_v we_o that_o one_o â—odocattarus_fw-la a_o cyprian_a knight_n show_v it_o public_o at_o venice_n throw_v it_o into_o the_o fire_n without_o scruple_n or_o hurt_n and_o mr._n lassells_n see_v a_o piece_n of_o it_o in_o the_o curious_a cabinet_n of_o manfred_n septalla_n canon_n of_o milan_n mr._n ray_n be_v show_v a_o purse_n of_o it_o by_o the_o prince_n palatin_n at_o heidelberg_n which_o he_o see_v put_v into_o a_o pan_n of_o burn_a charcoal_n till_o it_o be_v red_a hot_a which_o when_o take_v out_o and_o cool_v he_o can_v not_o perceive_v have_v receive_v any_o harm_n and_o we_o be_v tell_v in_o the_o burgundian_n philosophy_n of_o a_o long_a rope_n of_o it_o send_v from_o signior_n bocconi_n to_o the_o french_a king_n and_o keep_v by_o monsieur_n marchand_n in_o the_o king_n garden_n at_o paris_n which_o though_o steep_v in_o oil_n and_o put_v in_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o consume_v to_o which_o add_v that_o we_o have_v now_o see_v a_o piece_n of_o this_o linen_n pass_v the_o fiery_a trial_n both_o at_o london_n and_o oxford_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v know_v in_o all_o age_n all_o describe_v it_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o thing_n so_o insuperable_a by_o fire_n that_o it_o only_o cleanse_v and_o make_v it_o better_o dr._n rob._n plot_n in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 172._o the_o say_a dr._n say_v that_o this_o incombustible_a cloth_n be_v now_o of_o no_o mean_a value_n even_o in_o the_o country_n where_o make_v a_o china_n covet_n that_o be_v a_o piece_n 23_o inch_n and_o three_o quarter_n long_o be_v worth_a 80_o tale_n that_o be_v thirty_o six_o pound_n thirteen_o shilling_n and_o four_o penny_n purchas_n say_v that_o in_o fanfur_n a_o kingdom_n of_o java_n in_o the_o east-indies_n there_o be_v a_o tree_n of_o a_o great_a bigness_n and_o length_n the_o pitâ—_n whereof_o be_v meal_n which_o they_o put_v in_o water_n and_o stir_v well_o the_o light_a dross_n swim_v and_o the_o pure_a settle_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o then_o the_o water_n be_v cast_v away_o they_o makethere_o of_o paste_n which_o taste_v just_a like_o barley_n bread_n the_o wood_n of_o this_o tree_n throw_v into_o water_n sink_v like_o tron_n hereof_o they_o make_v lance_n but_o short_a for_o if_o they_o be_v long_o they_o will_v be_v too_o heavy_a for_o use_v these_o they_o sharpen_v and_o burn_v at_o the_o top_n which_o so_o prepare_v will_v pierce_v armour_n soon_o than_o if_o they_o be_v make_v of_o iron_n purch._n pilg._n vol._n 3._o pag._n â—04_n in_o great_a java_n they_o say_v there_o be_v a_o tree_n 〈◊〉_d pith_n be_v iron_n it_o be_v very_o small_a â—et_z runs_z from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o plant._n the_o fruit_n that_o grow_v on_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v pierce_v with_o iron_n jul._n scalig_n exercit._fw-la 181._o sect._n 27._o in_o the_o island_n câ—mbubon_n there_o grow_v a_o tree_n who_o leave_n fall_v upon_o the_o ground_n do_v move_v and_o creep_v it_o have_v leave_n like_o the_o mulberry_n tree_n they_o have_v on_o both_o side_n that_o which_o look_v like_o two_o little_a foot_n press_v they_o yield_v no_o liquor_n if_o you_o touch_v they_o they_o fly_v from_o you_o one_o of_o they_o keep_v eight_o day_n in_o a_o dish_n live_v and_o move_v as_o oft_o as_o one_o touch_v it_o jul._n scalig_n exercit._fw-la 112._o the_o sensitive_a plant_n be_v somewhat_o of_o this_o nature_n which_o contract_v itself_o if_o any_o one_o put_v his_o hand_n to_o it_o and_o if_o you_o pull_v back_o your_o hand_n it_o recover_v itself_o again_o observation_n concern_v mountain_n some_o have_v think_v that_o mountain_n and_o all_o other_o irregularity_n in_o the_o earth_n have_v rise_v from_o earthquake_n and_o such_o like_a cause_n other_o have_v think_v that_o they_o come_v from_o the_o universal_a deluge_n yeâ—_n not_o from_o any_o dissolution_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o be_v then_o but_o only_o from_o the_o great_a agitation_n of_o the_o water_n which_o break_v the_o ground_n into_o this_o rude_a and_o unequal_a form_n both_o these_o cause_n seem_v to_o i_o very_o incompetent_a and_o insufficient_a earthquake_n seldom_o make_v mountain_n they_o often_o take_v they_o away_o and_o sink_v they_o down_o into_o the_o cavern_n that_o lie_v under_o they_o beside_o earthquake_n be_v not_o in_o all_o country_n and_o climate_n as_o mountain_n be_v for_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v more_o than_o once_o there_o be_v neither_o island_n that_o be_v original_a nor_o continent_n any_o where_o in_o the_o earth_n in_o what_o latitude_n soever_o but_o have_v mountain_n and_o rock_n in_o it_o and_o last_o what_o probability_n be_v there_o or_o how_o be_v it_o credible_a that_o those_o vast_a tract_n of_o land_n which_o we_o see_v fill_v with_o mountain_n both_o in_o europe_n asia_n and_o africa_n be_v raise_v by_o earthquake_n or_o any_o eruption_n from_o below_o in_o what_o age_n of_o the_o world_n be_v this_o do_v and_o why_o not_o continue_v as_o for_o the_o deluge_n i_o douâ—t_v not_o but_o mountain_n be_v make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o general_n deluge_n that_o great_a change_n and_o transformation_n of_o the_o earth_n happen_v then_o but_o not_o from_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v pretend_v that_o be_v the_o bare_a roll_a and_o agitation_n of_o the_o water_n for_o if_o the_o earth_n be_v smooth_a and_o plain_a before_o the_o flood_n as_o they_o seem_v to_o suppose_v as_o well_o as_o we_o do_v the_o water_n can_v have_v little_a or_o no_o power_n over_o a_o smooth_a surface_n to_o tear_v it_o any_o way_n in_o piece_n no_o more_o than_o they_o do_v a_o meadow_n or_o low_a ground_n when_o they_o lie_v upon_o it_o for_o that_o which_o make_v torrent_n and_o land_n flood_n violent_a be_v their_o fall_n from_o the_o mountain_n and_o high_a land_n which_o our_o earth_n be_v now_o full_a of_o but_o if_o the_o rain_n fall_v upon_o even_o and_o level_n ground_n it_o will_v only_o sadden_fw-mi and_o compress_v it_o there_o be_v no_o possibility_n how_o it_o shall_v raise_v mountain_n in_o it_o and_o if_o we_o can_v imagine_v a_o universal_a deluge_n as_o the_o earth_n be_v now_o constitute_v it_o will_v rather_o throw_v down_o the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n than_o raise_v new_a one_o or_o by_o beat_v down_o their_o top_n and_o loose_a part_n help_v to_o fill_v the_o valley_n and_o bring_v the_o earth_n near_o to_o evenness_n and_o plainness_n see_v then_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o explain_v the_o origin_n of_o mountain_n
either_o from_o particular_a earthquake_n or_o from_o the_o general_n deluge_n according_a to_o the_o common_a notion_n and_o explication_n of_o it_o these_o not_o be_v cause_n answerable_a to_o such_o vast_a effect_n let_v we_o try_v our_o hypothesis_n again_o which_o have_v make_v we_o a_o channel_n large_a enough_o for_o the_o sea_n and_o room_n for_o all_o subterraneous_a cavity_n and_o i_o think_v will_v find_v we_o material_n enough_o to_o raise_v all_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o earth_n we_o suppose_v the_o great_a arch_n or_o circumference_n of_o the_o first_o earth_n to_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o abyss_n at_o the_o deluge_n and_o see_v that_o be_v large_a than_o the_o surface_n it_o fall_v upon_o it_o be_v absolute_o certain_a that_o it_o can_v not_o all_o fall_n flat_a or_o lie_v under_o the_o water_n now_o as_o all_o those_o part_n that_o stand_v above_o the_o water_n make_v dry_a land_n or_o the_o present_a habitable_a earth_n so_o such_o part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n as_o stand_v high_a than_o the_o rest_n make_v hill_n and_o mountain_n and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o and_o general_a account_n of_o they_o and_o of_o all_o the_o inequality_n of_o the_o earth_n tho._n bvrnet_n theory_n of_o the_o earth_n lib._n 1._o cap._n xi_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n compare_v with_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v not_o considerable_a but_o the_o extent_n of_o they_o and_o the_o ground_n they_o stand_v upon_o bear_v a_o considerable_a proportion_n to_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o from_o europe_n we_o may_v take_v our_o measure_n for_o the_o rest_n i_o easy_o believe_v that_o the_o mountain_n do_v at_o least_o take_v up_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o dry_a land_n ibidem_fw-la the_o height_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n do_v bear_v no_o great_a a_o proportion_n to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n than_o of_o the_o sixteen_o hundred_o and_o seventieth_n part_n to_o the_o whole_a suppose_v the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v eight_o thousand_o three_o hundred_o fifty_o five_o mile_n as_o pet._n gassendus_fw-la compute_v both_o and_o it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o man_n have_v be_v exceed_o mistake_v as_o to_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n which_o come_v so_o far_o short_a of_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n computation_n of_o thirty_o mile_n that_o the_o high_a mountain_n in_o the_o world_n will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v five_o direct_v miles_n in_o height_n take_v the_o altitude_n of_o they_o from_o the_o plain_a they_o stand_v upon_o olympus_n who_o height_n be_v so_o extol_v by_o the_o poet_n and_o ancient_a greek_n that_o it_o be_v say_v to_o exceed_v the_o cloud_n yet_o plutarch_n tell_v we_o that_o xenagoras_n measure_v it_o and_o find_v it_o not_o to_o exceed_v a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a perpendicular_a and_o about_o 70_o pace_n much_o about_o the_o same_o height_n pliny_n say_v that_o dicaearchus_n find_v the_o mountain_n pâ—lion_n to_o be_v the_o mount_n athos_n be_v suppose_v of_o extraordinary_a height_n because_o it_o cast_v its_o shadow_n into_o the_o isle_n of_o lemnos_n which_o according_a to_o pliny_n be_v 87_o mile_n yet_o gassâ—ndus_n allow_v it_o but_o two_o mile_n in_o height_n but_o isaac_n vossius_fw-la in_o a_o learned_a discourse_n concern_v the_o height_n of_o mountain_n in_o his_o note_n on_o pomponius_n mela_n do_v not_o allow_v above_o 10_o or_o 11_o furlong_n at_o most_o to_o the_o height_n of_o mount_n athos_n cancasus_fw-la by_o ricciolus_n be_v say_v to_o be_v 51._o mile_n in_o height_n gassendus_fw-la allow_v it_o to_o be_v high_a than_o athos_n or_o olympus_n yet_o conceive_v it_o not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o mile_n at_o most_o but_o vossius_fw-la will_v not_o yield_v it_o above_o two_o mile_n perpendicular_a for_o which_o he_o give_v this_o very_a good_a reason_n polybius_n affirm_v there_o be_v no_o mountain_n in_o greece_n which_o may_v not_o be_v ascend_v in_o a_o day_n time_n and_o make_v the_o high_a mountain_n there_o not_o to_o exceed_v ten_o furlong_n which_o say_v vossius_fw-la it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a for_o any_o one_o to_o reach_v unless_o he_o be_v a_o mountainer_n bear_v any_o other_o will_v scarce_o be_v able_a to_o ascend_v above_o six_o furlong_n perpendicular_a for_o in_o the_o ascent_n of_o a_o mountain_n every_o pace_n do_v reach_v but_o to_o a_o hand_n breadth_n perpendicular_a but_o if_o we_o do_v allow_v eight_o furlong_n to_o a_o day_n ascent_n yet_o thereby_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o high_a mountain_n in_o the_o world_n be_v not_o above_o twenty_o four_o furlong_n in_o height_n since_o they_o may_v be_v ascend_v in_o three_o day_n time_n and_o it_o be_v affirm_v of_o the_o top_n of_o mount_n caucasus_n that_o it_o may_v be_v ascend_v in_o less_o than_o the_o compass_n of_o three_o day_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v much_o above_o two_o mile_n in_o height_n which_o may_v be_v the_o easy_a believe_v of_o any_o other_o mountain_n when_o that_o which_o be_v repute_v the_o high_a of_o the_o world_n viz._n the_o pike_n of_o teneriffe_n which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v pica_n de_fw-fr terraria_n may_v be_v ascend_v in_o that_o compass_n of_o time_n viz._n three_o day_n for_o in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n which_o be_v the_o only_a month_n in_o which_o man_n can_v ascend_v it_o because_o all_o other_o time_n of_o the_o year_n snow_n lie_v upon_o it_o although_o neither_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o teneriffe_n nor_o any_o other_o of_o the_o canary_n island_n there_o be_v snow_n ever_o see_v the_o inhabitant_n than_o ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o in_o three_o day_n time_n which_o top_n of_o it_o be_v not_o pyramidal_a but_o plain_n from_o whence_o they_o gather_v some_o sulphureous_a stone_n which_o be_v carry_v in_o great_a quantity_n into_o spain_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o eight_o furlong_n to_o a_o day_n journey_n this_o pike_n of_o teneriffe_n will_v not_o exceed_v the_o height_n of_o a_o german_a mile_n perpendicular_a as_o varenius_n confess_v than_o which_o he_o think_v likewise_o that_o no_o mountain_n in_o the_o world_n be_v high_a for_o what_o pliny_n speak_v of_o the_o alps_n be_v fifty_o mile_n in_o height_n must_v be_v understand_v not_o perpendicular_a but_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o obliquity_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o it_o so_o that_o he_o may_v account_v so_o much_o from_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n to_o the_o top_n of_o they_o and_o yet_o the_o alps_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n not_o come_v near_o the_o height_n of_o a_o german_a mile_n still_a fleet_n be_v orig._n sacr._n lib._n 3._o cap._n 4._o pag._n 544_o etc._n etc._n mr._n muraltus_fw-la of_o zurich_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o mr._n haak_n a_o fellow_n of_o the_o r._n s._n concern_v the_o icy_a mountain_n of_o helvetia_n call_v the_o gletscher_fw-fr give_v he_o this_o account_n the_o high_a icy_a mountain_n of_o helvetia_n about_o valesia_n and_o augusta_n in_o the_o canton_n of_o bern_n about_o paminium_fw-la and_o tavetsch_n of_o the_o rhaetian_o be_v always_o see_v cover_v with_o snow_n the_o snow_n melt_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n other_o snow_n be_v fall_v within_o in_o a_o little_a while_n after_o be_v harden_v into_o ice_n which_o by_o little_a and_o little_a in_o a_o long_a tract_n of_o time_n depurate_v itself_o turn_v into_o a_o stone_n not_o yield_v in_o hardness_n and_o clearness_n to_o crystal_n such_o stone_n close_o join_v and_o compact_v together_o compose_v a_o whole_a mountain_n and_o that_o a_o very_a firm_a one_o though_o in_o summer_n time_n the_o country_n people_n have_v observe_v it_o to_o burst_v asunder_o with_o great_a crack_v thunder-like_a which_o be_v also_o well_o know_v to_o hunter_n to_o their_o great_a cost_n for_o as_o much_o as_o such_o crack_n and_o open_n be_v by_o the_o wind_n cover_v with_o snow_n be_v the_o death_n of_o those_o that_o pass_v over_o they_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 49._o mounseur_fw-fr justel_n in_o a_o enlargement_n upon_o this_o very_a subject_n say_v that_o the_o icy-mountain_n call_v the_o gletscher_fw-fr be_v very_o high_a and_o extend_v itself_o every_o year_n more_o and_o more_o over_o the_o neighbour_a meadow_n by_o increment_n that_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n and_o crack_v there_o be_v great_a holes_n and_o cavern_n which_o be_v make_v when_o the_o ice_n burst_v which_o happen_v at_o all_o time_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o dog-day_n hunter_n do_v there_o hang_v up_o their_o game_n they_o take_v during_o the_o great_a heat_n to_o make_v it_o keep_v sweet_a by_o that_o mean_n very_o little_a of_o the_o surface_n melt_v in_o summer_n and_o all_o freeze_v again_o in_o the_o night_n when_o the_o sun_n shine_v there_o be_v see_v such_o a_o variety_n of_o colour_n as_o in_o a_o prism_n there_o be_v such_o another_o mountain_n near_o
aristotle_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o earthquake_n be_v most_o frequent_a in_o spring_n and_o autumn_n which_o remark_n though_o slight_v by_o gâ—ssendus_n who_o general_o affect_v to_o contradict_v that_o philosopher_n be_v notwithstanding_o confirm_v by_o that_o great_a naturalist_n pliny_n and_o several_a other_o learned_a man_n in_o all_o age_n who_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o earthquake_n may_v and_o have_v several_a time_n happen_v both_o in_o summer_n and_o winter_n though_o not_o so_o common_o as_o in_o the_o other_o two_o season_n in_o which_o there_o be_v general_o a_o great_a abundance_n of_o moisture_n suck_v up_o more_o vapour_n and_o a_o large_a quantity_n of_o nitrè_n as_o experience_n do_v demonstrate_v all_o which_o ingredient_n may_v conspire_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o a_o earthquake_n for_o if_o we_o consider_v how_o capable_a they_o be_v of_o a_o large_a expansion_n how_o forcible_a they_o be_v when_o ratify_v in_o vessel_n close_v and_o place_v over_o the_o fire_n in_o aeolypile_n or_o vent_v from_o which_o they_o break_v out_o with_o forcible_a blast_n or_o in_o wind_n which_o frequent_o proceed_v from_o the_o rarisaction_n of_o such_o principle_n we_o may_v suppose_v that_o those_o vapour_n which_o produce_v such_o great_a commotion_n in_o the_o air_n may_v cause_v a_o considerable_a disturbance_n in_o the_o earth_n when_o pen_v and_o lock_v up_o by_o cold_a or_o any_o such_o like_a accident_n it_o be_v general_o observe_v that_o some_o little_a time_n before_o a_o earthquake_n there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o great_a calmness_n but_o likewise_o a_o sudden_a coldness_n and_o chillness_n in_o the_o air_n which_o be_v observe_v just_a before_o the_o earthquake_n that_o happen_v at_o oxford_n and_o the_o part_n adjacent_a sept._n 17._o 1683._o and_o the_o like_a observation_n of_o cold_a precede_a be_v in_o dr._n wallis_n account_n of_o a_o earthquake_n numb_a 10._o of_o the_o philosophical_a transaction_n as_o also_o in_o that_o of_o mr._n boyle_n numb_a xi_o concern_v the_o same_o earthquake_n thomas_n pigot_n account_n of_o the_o earthqvake_a at_o oxford_n etc._n etc._n sept._n 17._o 1683._o in_o the_o philos_fw-la transact_v numb_a 151._o pag._n 312_o 313._o in_o earthquake_n the_o tremulous_a motion_n sometime_o extend_v so_o very_o far_o that_o though_o it_o seem_v high_o probable_a that_o the_o shake_v that_o be_v give_v to_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n by_o the_o fire_v and_o explosion_n of_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n if_o that_o be_v the_o true_a and_o only_a cause_n of_o earthquake_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o reach_v near_o so_o far_o as_o divers_a earthquake_n have_v do_v but_o that_o the_o fire_n pass_v through_o some_o little_a subterraneal_a cleft_n or_o channel_n or_o hide_a conveyance_n from_o one_o great_a cavity_n or_o i_o to_o another_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o vehement_o tremulous_a motion_n do_v oftentimes_o reach_v a_o very_a great_a way_n beyond_o the_o place_n where_o the_o explosion_n be_v make_v since_o though_o seneca_n will_v confine_v the_o extent_n of_o earthquake_n to_o two_o hundred_o mile_n yet_o observation_n make_v in_o this_o and_o the_o last_o century_n warrant_v we_o to_o allow_v they_o a_o far_o great_a spread_v the_o learned_a josephus_n acosta_n affirm_v that_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o peru_n in_o the_o year_n 1586._o a_o earthquake_n reach_v along_o the_o shoar_n of_o the_o pacifick_n sea_n 160_o league_n and_o add_v that_o sometime_o it_o have_v in_o those_o part_n run_v on_o from_o south_n to_o north_n 300_o league_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o our_o age_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1601_o good_a writer_n relate_v a_o much_o large_a earthquake_n to_o have_v happen_v since_o it_o reach_v from_o asia_n to_o that_o sea_n that_o wash_v the_o french_a shore_n and_o beside_o some_o asiatic_a region_n shock_n hungary_n germany_n italy_n and_o france_n and_o consequent_o a_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n and_o if_o that_o part_n of_o the_o narrative_n be_v certain_a which_o relate_v that_o this_o last_v not_o much_o above_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n it_o will_v be_v the_o more_o likely_a that_o this_o earthquake_n shake_v great_a tract_n of_o land_n beyond_o those_o place_n to_o which_o the_o fire_a matter_n pass_v from_o one_o cavity_n to_o another_o can_v reach_v in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n as_o you_o will_v the_o more_o easy_o guess_v if_o you_o try_v as_o i_o have_v do_v that_o in_o train_n of_o gunpowder_n itself_o the_o fire_n doâ—s_v not_o run_v on_o near_o so_o swift_o as_o one_o imagine_v rob._n boil_v 〈◊〉_d the_o great_a effect_n of_o even_a langvid_n motion_n pag._n 49_o 50_o 51._o where_o they_o â—age_n with_o the_o great_a violence_n hurricane_n be_v no_o stranger_n to_o the_o moluccas_n and_o philippines_n and_o we_o have_v most_o incredible_a relation_n of_o the_o storm_n in_o the_o way_n to_o japan_n which_o have_v carry_v ship_n a_o considerable_a distance_n from_o the_o sea_n up_o the_o dâ—y-land_n some_o have_v be_v miserable_o wrack_n and_o bury_v in_o the_o wave_n other_o split_v in_o a_o thousand_o piece_n against_o the_o rock_n that_o scarce_o one_o ship_n in_o five_o escape_n these_o disaster_n in_o the_o tempestuous_a month_n about_o autumn_n or_o at_o the_o change_n of_o the_o monsoons_o from_o thence_o we_o may_v collect_v this_o considerable_a remark_n that_o they_o never_o happen_v but_o on_o the_o eastern_a shore_n where_o they_o be_v fatal_a to_o the_o chinese_n and_o caribbee-sea_n and_o so_o as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n of_o plate_n likewise_o to_o that_o part_n of_o afric_n from_o the_o cape_n to_o st_n laurence_n and_o the_o adjacent_a isle_n when_o they_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o african_a ocean_n from_o the_o canary_n to_o cape_n bon_fw-fr esperance_fw-fr nor_o be_v they_o ever_o hear_v of_o at_o new-spain_n or_o the_o coast_n of_o peru_n nor_o towards_o any_o other_o western_a part_n of_o america_n because_o there_o the_o wind_n which_o blow_v off_o from_o land_n make_v no_o opposition_n against_o the_o general_n brise_v but_o comply_v with_o the_o constant_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n between_o the_o tropique_n from_o east_n to_o west_n for_o the_o shift_n of_o the_o trade-wind_n from_o the_o easterly_a point_n be_v usual_o the_o first_o onset_a of_o a_o approach_a hurricane_a yet_o however_o these_o suspicion_n of_o i_o be_v receive_v i_o think_v it_o can_v be_v rational_o dispute_v but_o that_o those_o diresul_n tempest_n have_v their_o first_o rise_n from_o the_o western_a continent_n for_o we_o seldom_o meet_v they_o very_o remote_a from_o land_n and_o the_o experience_a master_n of_o ship_n be_v never_o jealous_a of_o hurricane_n in_o the_o spacious_a ocean_n or_o iâ—_n they_o perceive_v they_o come_v immediate_o make_v out_o to_o sea_n where_o their_o fury_n be_v much_o less_o than_o near_o the_o shoaâ—s_n hurricane_n be_v most_o to_o be_v dread_v about_o the_o end_n of_o summer_n in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n and_o august_n for_o both_o the_o wind_n and_o sea_n imitate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o be_v dilate_v by_o the_o celestial_a heat_n annual_o revert_v from_o north_n to_o south_n and_o from_o south_n to_o north_n again_o so_o that_o the_o sun_n hasten_v from_o one_o tropic_n to_o another_o cause_v the_o like_a sudden_a conversion_n in_o the_o 〈◊〉_d and_o wind_n and_o be_v the_o moâ—â—_n universal_a efficient_a must_v needs_o â—â—_o principal_o concern_v in_o all_o vicâ—â—â—â—udes_n of_o the_o sublunary_a world_n hurricane_n be_v usual_o precede_v by_o a_o extraordinary_a tranquillity_n of_o the_o heaven_n and_o sea_n possible_o some_o counter-wind_n may_v for_o a_o short_a space_n balance_v one_o another_o and_o bring_v the_o air_n to_o a_o equal_a poise_n so_o that_o â—â—ose_n who_o hâ—ppen_v to_o be_v in_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whirlwind_n be_v at_o first_o sensible_a of_o no_o disturbance_n as_o we_o see_v in_o eddys_n or_o whirl-peo's_a of_o water_n that_o while_o the_o circumference_n be_v violent_o agitate_a in_o the_o middle_n it_o continue_v for_o some_o time_n quiet_a and_o calm_a r._n bohvn_n disc._n of_o the_o origine_fw-la and_o property_n of_o wind_n pag_n 255_o 256_o etc._n etc._n this_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o hurricane_n be_v give_v we_o by_o a_o ingenious_a frenchman_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o caribbe-island_n quote_v by_o the_o aforesaid_a mr._n bohun_n pag._n 280_o 281_o etc._n etc._n hurricane_n be_v terrible_a and_o violent_a tempest_n which_o may_v be_v term_v the_o true_a image_n of_o the_o last_o conssagâ—ation_n of_o the_o world_n former_o they_o happen_v but_o once_o in_o five_o or_o seven_o year_n but_o they_o be_v now_o become_v more_o frequent_a since_o the_o antilles_n be_v inhabit_v for_o there_o be_v one_o in_o 51_o another_o in_o 52_o two_o in_o 53_o and_o two_o in_o 50_o nay_o in_o the_o island_n of_o gardaloupe_n lie_v about_o the_o 16_o
degree_n of_o n._n latitude_n there_o happen_v no_o less_o than_o three_o hurricane_n in_o one_o year_n the_o manner_n of_o they_o be_v as_o follow_v ordinary_o the_o sea_n become_v calm_a on_o a_o sudden_a and_o smooth_a as_o glass_n then_o present_o aâ—ter_v the_o air_n be_v darken_v and_o fill_v with_o thick_a and_o gloomy_a cloud_n after_o which_o it_o be_v all_o as_o it_o be_v on_o fire_n and_o open_v on_o every_o side_n with_o dreadful_a lightning_n that_o last_o a_o considerable_a time_n after_o which_o follow_v wonderful_a clap_n of_o thunder_n that_o seem_v as_o iâ—_n the_o heaven_n be_v reâ—t_v asunder_o the_o earth_n tremble_v in_o many_o place_n and_o the_o wind_n blow_v with_o so_o great_a imperuosity_n that_o it_o rooâ—s_v up_o the_o tall_a and_o great_a tree_n which_o grow_v in_o the_o wood_n beat_v down_o almost_o all_o the_o house_n and_o tear_n up_o the_o vegetable_n destroy_v every_o thing_n that_o grow_v upon_o the_o earth_n and_o very_o often_o compel_v man_n whilst_o this_o dreadful_a tempest_n last_v to_o catch_v hold_n of_o the_o trunk_n of_o tree_n to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o be_v carry_v away_o by_o the_o wind_n some_o lie_n in_o the_o cave_n of_o the_o rock_n or_o retire_v into_o the_o hut_n of_o the_o negro_n and_o caribbians_n which_o be_v build_v exceed_v low_o on_o purpose_n to_o elude_v the_o shock_n of_o these_o tempest_n but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o dangerous_a of_o all_o and_o which_o cause_v the_o great_a mischief_n be_v that_o in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n and_o sometime_o in_o less_o space_n it_o make_v the_o whole_a circle_n of_o the_o compass_n leave_v neither_o road_n nor_o haven_n secure_a from_o its_o rage_a force_n so_o that_o all_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v at_o that_o time_n on_o the_o coast_n do_v perish_v most_o miserable_o at_o the_o island_n of_o st._n christopher_n several_a ship_n in_o the_o harbour_n be_v lade_v with_o tobacco_n be_v all_o cast_v away_o by_o a_o hurrican_a and_o afterward_o the_o tobacco_n poison_v most_o of_o the_o fish_n on_o their_o coast_n when_o these_o storm_n be_v over_o a_o man_n may_v behold_v the_o sad_a spectacle_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v there_o may_v be_v see_v piece_n of_o mountain_n shake_v by_o the_o earthquake_n and_o forest_n overturn_v house_n beat_v down_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n abundance_n of_o poor_a family_n undo_v by_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o good_n and_o the_o merchandise_n in_o their_o cottage_n of_o which_o they_o can_v save_v but_o very_o little_a there_o one_o may_v see_v the_o poor_a seaman_n drown_v and_o roll_a in_o the_o wave_n with_o many_o brave_a ship_n break_v in_o piece_n and_o batter_v against_o the_o rock_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o woeful_a and_o deplerable_a that_o shall_v this_o disorder_n happen_v often_o i_o know_v not_o who_o can_v have_v the_o heart_n or_o confidence_n to_o go_v to_o the_o indies_n a_o letter_n from_o a_o sea-captain_n to_o mr._n r._n bohun_n sir_n in_o answer_n to_o your_o request_n concern_v the_o hurricane_a i_o can_v say_v little_a of_o its_o effect_n more_o than_o what_o concern_v our_o particular_a damage_n and_o terror_n it_o happen_v upon_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o august_n last_o 1670_o sixteen_o hour_n after_o the_o new-moon_n in_o the_o 14_o the_o degree_n of_o north_n latitude_n about_o ninety_o league_n from_o barbadoes_n it_o succeed_v a_o storm_n of_o 48_o hour_n continuance_n at_o north-east_n a_o unusual_a way_n of_o its_o appear_v for_o it_o common_o follow_v a_o calm_a its_o presage_n be_v a_o shift_a of_o the_o wind_n about_o the_o compass_n with_o the_o appearance_n of_o a_o trouble_a sky_n the_o only_a advantage_n we_o have_v to_o prepare_v for_o its_o reception_n the_o fury_n of_o it_o begâ—n_v about_o 10_o at_o night_n and_o continue_v till_o 12_o the_o next_o day_n be_v observe_v that_o the_o hurricane_n of_o the_o new-moon_n begin_v at_o night_n and_o those_o at_o the_o full_a in_o the_o day_n as_o be_v note_v two_o fear_n since_o when_o the_o lord_n willoughby_n perish_v with_o eight_o ship_n and_o near_o a_o thousand_o person_n during_o its_o 14_o hour_n fury_n with_o we_o it_o shift_v 14_o point_n from_o the_o n._n e._n to_o the_o s._n s._n west_n keep_v a_o method_n of_o change_a one_o pâ—int_n a_o hour_n and_o then_o shift_v backward_o and_o in_o its_o retreat_n still_o abate_v until_o it_o return_v to_o the_o original_a point_n where_o it_o whole_o cease_v in_o the_o height_n of_o it_o we_o have_v some_o hâ—â—l_n the_o stone_n whereof_o be_v very_o great_a which_o seem_v to_o be_v throw_v upon_o we_o for_o the_o space_n of_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o minute_n and_o then_o a_o intermission_n of_o five_o or_o six_o minute_n before_o any_o more_o come_v the_o sea_n in_o the_o night_n seem_v as_o a_o real_a fire_n and_o i_o believe_v we_o may_v have_v distinct_o perceive_v any_o object_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n in_o the_o day_n time_n we_o seem_v rather_o to_o sâ—il_v in_o the_o air_n than_o water_n the_o wind_n force_v the_o sea_n so_o high_a that_o we_o can_v scarce_o make_v a_o distinction_n of_o either_o element_n the_o terror_n of_o it_o be_v such_o that_o i_o think_v it_o the_o emblem_n of_o hell_n and_o the_o last_o dissolution_n of_o all_o thing_n especial_o the_o first_o two_o hour_n which_o be_v attend_v with_o so_o much_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n so_o astonish_v as_o if_o we_o have_v be_v wrap_v up_o into_o the_o cloud_n or_o the_o whole_a air_n set_v on_o fire_n the_o strength_n of_o the_o wind_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o blow_v a_o boat_n of_o 18_o foot_n long_o fasten_v to_o four_o ring-â—olts_a and_o each_o bolt_n through_o a_o ring_n of_o the_o ship_n clear_v off_o the_o deck_n iâ—_n blow_v away_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n of_o great_a substance_n and_o weight_n call_v the_o cross-piece_n of_o the_o bit_n to_o which_o we_o fasten_v our_o cable_n it_o tear_v off_o the_o sail_n from_o the_o yard_n though_o fast_o furl_v the_o yard_n from_o the_o mast_n and_o the_o upper_a mast_n from_o the_o low_a it_o blow_v away_o four_o man_n of_o fâ—ve_n who_o be_v upon_o the_o fore-yard_n three_o of_o which_o by_o a_o strange_a providence_n be_v throw_v in_o again_o upon_o the_o deck_n by_o the_o sea_n and_o save_v the_o last_o remain_v of_o its_o fury_n be_v a_o weighty_a grind_n stone_n which_o it_o leave_v fasten_v between_o two_o timber_n head_n but_o it_o blow_v away_o the_o trough_n from_o under_o it_o i_o have_v several_a account_n from_o particular_a friend_n how_o terrible_a it_o be_v in_o other_o place_n but_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v beyond_o all_o expression_n these_o hurricane_n be_v most_o frequent_a between_o the_o aequinoctial_a and_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n they_o more_o rare_o happen_v between_o the_o line_n and_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n but_o that_o which_o to_o i_o be_v the_o great_a wonder_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o terrible_a among_o the_o caribbe-island_n that_o in_o some_o of_o they_o they_o have_v neither_o lâ—ft_a house_n tree_n nor_o plant_v in_o the_o ground_n begin_v at_o st._n john_n de_fw-fr porto_n rico_n and_o so_o run_v eastward_o but_o the_o island_n of_o hispaniola_n cuba_n and_o jamaica_n be_v never_o trouble_v with_o they_o though_o within_o few_o league_n of_o the_o rest._n there_o be_v some_o old_a indian_n that_o have_v give_v notice_n of_o they_o three_o or_o four_o day_n before_o their_o come_v by_o what_o râ—les_n i_o be_v never_o curious_a to_o understand_v it_o be_v enough_o for_o we_o to_o study_v how_o to_o defend_v ourselves_o and_o ship_n from_o they_o rather_o than_o by_o any_o nice_a inquiry_n to_o sâ—arch_v into_o their_o cause_n only_o thus_o much_o i_o observe_v that_o they_o have_v a_o influence_n upon_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o moon_n both_o upon_o they_o and_o it_o for_o i_o find_v by_o observation_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o star_n that_o there_o be_v a_o current_n tend_v so_o violent_o northward_o that_o in_o 24_o hour_n it_o will_v force_v we_o as_o many_o league_n from_o our_o easterly_a course_n which_o do_v so_o confound_v we_o have_v neither_o card_n nor_o compass_n leave_v to_o steer_v by_o which_o with_o several_a other_o good_n be_v sweep_v away_o in_o a_o breach_n which_o the_o sea_n make_v into_o our_o ship_n that_o i_o think_v it_o be_v as_o great_a a_o difficulty_n for_o i_o to_o find_v out_o barbados_n this_o place_n be_v near_o for_o our_o relief_n as_o columbus_n who_o first_o discover_v those_o country_n sir_n i_o have_v be_v as_o modest_a as_o i_o can_v in_o give_v you_o this_o relation_n because_o i_o know_v many_o who_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o violence_n of_o these_o tempest_n will_v be_v incredulous_a but_o i_o shall_v be_v sorry_a that_o all_o who_o
will_v not_o believe_v this_o account_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o confirmation_n which_o i_o have_v if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n in_o it_o worth_a your_o notice_n it_o may_v engage_v i_o hereafter_o to_o recollect_v some_o more_o particular_n in_o all_o thing_n i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o assure_v you_o that_o i_o be_o etc._n etc._n be_v it_o not_o sufficient_a that_o a_o relation_n much_o of_o this_o nature_n be_v present_v to_o his_o majesty_n and_o that_o the_o ship_n after_o it_o return_v lay_v at_o anchor_n a_o long_a time_n in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n not_o without_o signal_n mark_v of_o the_o hurricane_a i_o may_v have_v be_v scrupulous_a enough_o to_o have_v desire_v the_o subscription_n of_o several_a other_o who_o can_v atte_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o narrative_a i_o shall_v only_o wish_v that_o some_o of_o those_o reflection_n which_o the_o ingenious_a captain_n be_v please_v to_o make_v upon_o this_o occasion_n be_v inquire_v into_o by_o those_o who_o live_v in_o any_o of_o the_o caribbe-island_n whether_o the_o hurricane_n of_o the_o new-moon_n begin_v constant_o by_o night_n and_o those_o at_o the_o full_a in_o the_o day_n which_o will_v be_v remarkable_a though_o i_o never_o remember_v to_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o like_a observation_n in_o any_o other_o description_n however_o wâ—_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n exclude_v the_o operation_n of_o this_o influential_a planet_n which_o have_v a_o very_a great_a dominion_n over_o both_o the_o wind_n and_o tide_n whether_o from_o its_o pressure_n or_o by_o what_o mean_v soever_o it_o produce_v these_o effect_n some_o have_v think_v that_o the_o moon_n have_v a_o atmosphere_n of_o its_o own_o and_o send_v out_o effluvium_n to_o the_o neighbour_a world_n and_o therefore_o act_v more_o powerful_o in_o the_o perigaeum_n when_o it_o approach_v near_a the_o earth_n that_o wonderful_a light_n which_o appear_v during_o this_o hurricane_a may_v be_v from_o the_o collision_n of_o the_o lucid_a salt_n with_o which_o the_o sea-water_n be_v so_o deep_o impregnate_v light_v happy_o being_n nothing_o else_o but_o the_o motion_n of_o some_o subtle_a matter_n not_o only_a the_o wind_n but_o the_o current_n be_v observe_v to_o change_v and_o run_v round_o in_o eddys_n before_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o tempest_n it_o be_v likewise_o esteem_v a_o sure_a prognostique_n that_o the_o bird_n lead_v by_o a_o instinct_n of_o nature_n come_v down_o before_o hand_n in_o flock_n from_o the_o mountain_n to_o secure_v themselves_o in_o the_o valley_n against_o the_o injury_n of_o the_o wether_n i_o believe_v there_o may_v be_v excellent_a use_n make_v of_o the_o barometer_n for_o predict_v of_o hurricane_n and_o other_o tempest_n especial_o at_o sea_n since_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v that_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n who_o live_v by_o the_o seaside_n though_o happy_o there_o may_v not_o be_v so_o considerable_a alteration_n in_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n far_o off_o at_o land_n can_v by_o the_o barometer_n almost_o infallible_o foretell_v any_o great_a tempest_n for_o several_a hour_n before_o it_o begin_v i_o find_v no_o mention_n of_o salt_n rains_n in_o any_o of_o the_o english_a narrative_n but_o the_o most_o inquisitive_a of_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a have_v reckon_v it_o as_o a_o very_a infallible_a presage_v that_o the_o rain_n which_o fall_v a_o little_a before_o be_v bitter_a and_o salt_n as_o the_o sea-water_n which_o happy_o may_v argue_v a_o collection_n of_o some_o saline_n and_o sulphureous_a spirit_n in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o air_n that_o encounter_v each_o other_o may_v by_o their_o violent_a displosion_n be_v principal_o concern_v in_o the_o production_n of_o hurricane_n r._n bohun_n ibid._n dr._n stubbe_n say_v that_o he_o have_v inquire_v of_o some_o that_o have_v be_v in_o hurricane_n if_o it_o be_v so_o cold_a then_o as_o vincent_n le_fw-fr blanc_n relate_v it_o they_o say_v they_o have_v not_o find_v it_o to_o be_v so_o cold_a but_o yet_o in_o comparison_n of_o other_o time_n it_o be_v much_o cold_a then_o he_o also_o inquire_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o tempest_n whether_o the_o wind_n vary_v all_o the_o point_n of_o the_o compass_n as_o it_o be_v say_v they_o answer_v no_o but_o it_o begin_v always_o with_o a_o northwind_n and_o when_o it_o come_v east_n it_o cease_v but_o betwixt_o the_o north_n and_o east-point_n it_o vary_v so_o fast_o and_o with_o such_o a_o violent_a gust_n always_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o ship_n in_o the_o water_n to_o answer_v the_o veer_v of_o the_o wind._n philos_n transact_v numb_a 36._o pag._n 706._o observation_n concern_v the_o tornado_n the_o tornado_n be_v variable_a wind_n call_v in_o the_o portugal_n language_n travado_n but_o most_o significant_o by_o the_o greek_n ecnaphias_n from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nubes_fw-la for_o their_o sure_a prognostique_n be_v a_o thick_a cloud_n sudden_o rise_v above_o the_o horizon_n which_o be_v easy_o visible_a 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