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earth_n air_n body_n element_n 4,987 5 9.8633 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A64060 Medicina veterum vindicata, or, An answer to a book, entitled Medela medicinæ in which the ancient method and rules are defended ... / by John Twysden ... Twysden, John, 1607-1688. 1666 (1666) Wing T3547; ESTC R20872 69,388 234

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the_o matter_n they_o call_v mercury_n sometime_o the_o whole_a matter_n crude_a and_o undigested_a without_o any_o previous_a preparation_n be_v call_v mercury_n and_o this_o on_o purpose_n that_o they_o may_v conceal_v their_o art_n from_o such_o as_o they_o hold_v unworthy_a to_o know_v it_o the_o nexus_fw-la utriusque_fw-la to_o wit_n of_o sulphur_n and_o mercury_n they_o call_v salt_n which_o by_o many_o philosopher_n be_v leave_v out_o and_o indeed_o in_o the_o philosophical_a work_n appear_v not_o but_o as_o a_o vehiculum_fw-la to_o set_v the_o other_o two_o at_o work_n that_o so_o superius_fw-la haberet_fw-la naturam_fw-la inferioris_fw-la &_o inferius_fw-la naturam_fw-la superioris_fw-la but_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o clear_a from_o all_o their_o write_n that_o they_o admit_v the_o four_o element_n of_o fire_n air_n water_n and_o earth_n this_o be_v very_o plain_a by_o raimund_n lul_n in_o codicillo_fw-la cap._n 33_o 34_o etc._n etc._n among_o the_o late_a writer_n sendivogius_n throughout_o his_o book_n in_o tract_n de_fw-fr sulph_n he_o have_v these_o word_n sunt_fw-la autem_fw-la principia_fw-la rerum_fw-la praesertim_fw-la metallorum_fw-la secundum_fw-la antiquos_fw-la philosophos_fw-la due_a sulphur_n &_o mercurius_n secundum_fw-la neotericos_fw-la veer_fw-la tria_fw-la sal_fw-la sulphur_n &_o mercurius_n origo_fw-la autem_fw-la horum_fw-la principiorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la quatuor_fw-la elementa_fw-la sciunt_fw-la ergo_fw-la study_v si_fw-la huius_fw-la scientiae_fw-la quatuor_fw-la esse_fw-la elementa_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o in_o another_o place_n of_o the_o same_o author_n duplex_fw-la est_fw-la materia_fw-la metallorum_fw-la note_n he_o say_v not_o rerum_fw-la omnium_fw-la but_o metallorum_fw-la proxima_fw-la remota_fw-la proxima_fw-la est_fw-la sulphur_n &_o mercurius_n remota_fw-la sunt_fw-la quatuor_fw-la elementa_fw-la etc._n etc._n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_v these_o ancient_a philosopher_n do_v not_o intend_v that_o these_o principia_fw-la of_o sulphur_n and_o mercury_n shall_v justle_v out_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o four_o element_n but_o hold_v that_o of_o sulphur_n and_o mercury_n distinct_a from_o they_o and_o in_o the_o same_o treatise_n handle_v the_o nature_n of_o they_o all_o distinct_o and_o apart_o the_o author_n of_o that_o little_a tractate_n call_v physica_fw-la restituta_fw-la can._n 58._o tell_v you_o that_o all_o mix_a body_n be_v make_v of_o two_o element_n which_o answer_n to_o earth_n and_o water_n in_o the_o which_o the_o other_o of_o air_n and_o fire_n be_v virtual_o include_v in_o ar●an_n hermit_n philosoph_n can._n 76._o ●e_n tell_v you_o that_o the_o other_o element_n be_v circulate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o water_n he_o tell_v you_o of_o ignis_fw-la ●●aturae_fw-la in_o mixtis_fw-la and_o a_o humour_n ra●●calis_fw-la which_o be_v both_o immortal_a and_o inseparable_a from_o any_o subject_n explain_v his_o meaning_n by_o the_o example_n of_o glass_n make_v out_o of_o ash_n which_o can_v not_o be_v make_v fluxile_n except_o there_o be_v in_o those_o ash_n a_o radical_a moisture_n so_o of_o salt_n in_o sum_n i_o know_v not_o one_o of_o they_o but_o admit_v that_o in_o all_o body_n there_o be_v something_o answerable_a to_o the_o four_o element_n of_o fire_n air_n water_n and_o earth_n which_o we_o feel_v and_o handle_v and_o by_o the_o mixture_n of_o which_o they_o be_v all_o or_o at_o least_o some_o of_o they_o compose_v for_o by_o the_o way_n i_o will_v not_o be_v understand_v to_o say_v that_o necessary_o every_o body_n whatsoever_o must_v be_v compose_v of_o all_o the_o four_o element_n for_o a_o mixture_n may_v be_v make_v and_o some_o body_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v frame_v out_o of_o the_o conjunction_n of_o two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o and_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o the_o support_n of_o that_o doctrine_n that_o there_o be_v four_o to_o deduc●_n rational_o that_o any_o one_o body_n be_v compose_v of_o they_o by_o what_o have_v be_v already_o say_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n do_v conceive_v and_o hold_v that_o their_o sulphur_n and_o mercury_n be_v something_o that_o lie_v hide_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o that_o matter_n which_o be_v compound_v of_o the_o four_o element_n see_v phys_n restitut_o can._n 224._o that_o sulphur_n answer_v to_o the_o calidum_fw-la innatum_fw-la which_o be_v the_o spiritual_a fire_n and_o mercury_n to_o the_o humidum_fw-la radical_a so_o that_o by_o those_o name_n sometime_o they_o understand_v what_o ●n_n mix_v body_n have_v some_o analogy_n with_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n air_n and_o water_n for_o under_o humidum_fw-la radical_a both_o air_n and_o water_n in_o their_o sense_n be_v comprehend_v at_o other_o time_n by_o sulphur_n they_o understand_v the_o fix_a matter_n after_o the_o circulation_n of_o the_o element_n through_o every_o degree_n of_o their_o zodiac_n and_o by_o mercury_n the_o volatile_a part_n which_o ●_z that_o circulation_n to_o be_v make_v informa_fw-la aquae_fw-la and_o in_o ventre_n aëris_fw-la till_o at_o last_o all_o end_n in_o rupem_fw-la illumi●●tam_fw-la as_o they_o be_v please_v to_o phrase_n it_o which_o of_o itself_o be_v a_o powerful_a remedy_n for_o all_o disease_n and_o have_v a_o ingress_n to_o the_o solution_n of_o all_o imperfect_a metal_n and_o as_o they_o say_v after_o some_o succedaneous_a preparation_n and_o repetition_n of_o the_o same_o work_n will_v cause_v a_o transmutation_n of_o they_o but_o they_o never_o understand_v that_o any_o of_o these_o principle_n shall_v destroy_v and_o put_v out_o of_o door_n the_o four_o element_n which_o themselves_o always_o maintain_v some_o of_o the_o chemist_n i_o confess_v as_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clave_n and_o other_o have_v deny_v a_o elementary_a fire_n not_o distinguish_v between_o the_o material_a fire_n we_o see_v in_o its_o effect_n and_o that_o central_a we_o see_v not_o so_o by_o their_o laborious_a operation_n of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n they_o have_v corrupt_v their_o sense_n and_o merit_v what_o sendivogius_n say_v of_o they_o si_fw-mi hodie_fw-la revivisceret_fw-la ipse_fw-la philosophorum_fw-la pater_fw-la hermes_n &_o subtilis_fw-la ingenii_fw-la geber_n cum_fw-la profundissimo_fw-la raimundo_n lullio_n non_fw-la pro_fw-la philosophis_fw-la sed_fw-la potius_fw-la pro_fw-la discipulis_fw-la à_fw-la nostris_fw-la chemistis_fw-la haberentur_fw-la nescirent_fw-la tot_fw-la hodie_fw-la usitatas_fw-la distillationes_fw-la tot_fw-la circulationes_fw-la tot_fw-la calcinationes_fw-la &_o tot_fw-la alia_fw-la innumerabilia_fw-la artistarum_fw-la opera_fw-la quae_fw-la huius_fw-la saeculi_fw-la homines_fw-la ex_fw-la illorum_fw-la scriptis_fw-la invenerunt_fw-la &_o excogitarunt_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o those_o ancient_a and_o profound_a philosopher_n hermes_n geber_n and_o lullius_n be_v alive_a they_o will_v rather_o be_v account_v disciple_n than_o philosopher_n who_o will_v not_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o those_o many_o distillation_n circulation_n calcination_n and_o innumerable_a other_o laborious_a operation_n find_v by_o these_o artist_n out_o of_o their_o write_n contrary_a to_o the_o meaning_n of_o they_o what_o reason_n therefore_o have_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o these_o man_n have_v by_o their_o fiery_a and_o destructive_a trial_n find_v out_o the_o principle_n or_o element_n from_o which_o mix_a body_n have_v their_o composition_n when_o they_o have_v so_o much_o mistake_v the_o sense_n of_o those_o author_n from_o who_o they_o first_o take_v their_o name_n and_o notion_n of_o sulphur_n salt_n and_o mercury_n i_o shall_v only_o touch_v at_o many_o unreasonable_a deduction_n which_o in_o my_o judgement_n will_v follow_v out_o of_o this_o doctrine_n first_o entia_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la multiplicanda_fw-la nisi_fw-la propter_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la so_o that_o all_o those_o part_n in_o which_o humidity_n be_v prevalent_a may_v be_v well_o comprehend_v under_o the_o element_n of_o water_n such_o be_v insipid_a phlegm_n perhaps_o spirit_n and_o oil_n except_o you_o have_v rather_o reckon_v they_o of_o the_o element_n of_o fire_n because_o of_o their_o inflammability_n the_o dry_a part_n under_o that_o of_o earth_n in_o which_o air_n and_o fire_n be_v include_v which_o then_o likewise_o insinuate_v themselves_o into_o all_o other_o compound_v body_n for_o i_o believe_v air_n be_v in_o the_o most_o rectify_v spirit_n and_o natural_a heat_n in_o all_o water_n whatsoever_o which_o cause_v first_o a_o fermentation_n and_o then_o a_o corruption_n the_o different_a savour_n and_o viscosity_n may_v well_o be_v believe_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o different_a womb_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o which_o the_o elemental_a mixture_n or_o matter_n produce_v various_a offspring_n to_o wit_n of_o metal_n marcasite_n stone_n plant_n and_o the_o like_a endue_v with_o those_o several_a quality_n and_o taste_v we_o find_v in_o they_o participate_v in_o their_o nature_n of_o that_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n whence_o they_o have_v their_o beginning_n beside_o if_o this_o opinion_n shall_v be_v admit_v we_o must_v fancy_v as_o many_o sulphur_n as_o there_o be_v different_a sort_n of_o oil_n produce_v out_o of_o any_o body_n so_o of_o the_o rest_n neither_o do_v i_o see_v what_o more_o reason_n they_o have_v to_o say_v
material_a but_o this_o be_v certain_a it_o remain_v all_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquor_n for_o many_o year_n i_o may_v add_v that_o many_o of_o these_o substance_n will_v in_o time_n corrupt_a and_o stink_v other_o nourish_v which_o can_v well_o be_v conceive_v from_o what_o be_v simple_a and_o have_v nothing_o in_o it_o heterogeneous_a thus_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o examination_n of_o the_o several_a opinion_n and_o come_v now_o to_o the_o last_o aristotelian_a way_n of_o the_o composition_n of_o mix_a body_n out_o of_o the_o four_o element_n in_o which_o we_o have_v after_o all_o this_o clamour_n of_o our_o m._n n._n and_o those_o of_o his_o party_n this_o advantage_n that_o two_o of_o they_o be_v grant_v to_o our_o hand_n viz._n water_n and_o earth_n as_o for_o the_o other_o two_o the_o party_n be_v divide_v some_o deny_v a_o elementary_a fire_n other_o admitting_z fire_n and_o deny_v air_n perhaps_o their_o mistake_n may_v proceed_v from_o not_o be_v able_a to_o form_n to_o themselves_o any_o idea_n of_o fire_n and_o air_n except_o what_o they_o see_v and_o feel_v in_o their_o effect_n whereas_o undoubted_o the_o elementary_a earth_n and_o water_n be_v as_o different_a in_o their_o nature_n from_o that_o earth_n and_o water_n we_o see_v as_o the_o fire_n and_o air_n in_o their_o element_n be_v different_a from_o those_o we_o see_v and_o feel_v but_o the_o ancient_n with_o aristotle_n and_o his_o follower_n find_v by_o experience_n that_o there_o be_v four_o contrary_a quality_n to_o wit_n heat_n coldness_n drought_n moisture_n and_o that_o these_o be_v accident_n must_v needs_o inhere_o in_o some_o subject_n do_v from_o hence_o rational_o enough_o deduce_v that_o that_o subject_a in_o which_o heat_n be_v without_o any_o mixture_n may_v be_v well_o call_v the_o element_n of_o fire_n and_o so_o of_o the_o rest_n find_v second_o that_o most_o body_n as_o well_o animate_v as_o other_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o certain_a temperament_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 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together_o so_o as_o again_o they_o may_v be_v separate_v as_o for_o the_o purpose_n different_a seed_n or_o grain_n confusion_n where_o different_a thing_n be_v put_v together_o which_o can_v not_o be_v separate_v yet_o introduce_v not_o a_o new_a form_n such_o be_v the_o put_n of_o wine_n and_o water_n together_o which_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o form_n it_o have_v of_o liquor_n last_o mixture_n proper_o so_o call_v in_o which_o by_o most_o author_n these_o four_o condition_n be_v require_v first_o that_o the_o miscibilia_fw-la must_v be_v endue_v with_o contrary_a quality_n that_o they_o may_v mutual_o act_v and_o suffer_v one_o from_o the_o other_o for_o otherwise_o they_o will_v remain_v in_o the_o same_o state_n without_o any_o mixtion_n at_o all_o second_o there_o must_v be_v a_o certain_a proportion_n both_o in_o quantity_n and_o quality_n otherwise_o one_o will_v destroy_v the_o other_o and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o temperament_n now_o this_o proportion_n and_o contrariety_n in_o the_o miscible_n if_o it_o be_v of_o equality_n produce_v a_o temperament_n ad_fw-la pondus_fw-la which_o so_o long_o as_o it_o remain_v in_o any_o body_n that_o as_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o can_v receive_v any_o change_n or_o alteration_n but_o where_o there_o be_v not_o that_o equality_n both_o in_o quantity_n and_o quality_n but_o that_o one_o prevail_v over_o the_o other_o in_o some_o measure_n yet_o not_o so_o to_o destroy_v hasty_o the_o compositum_fw-la this_o be_v call_v temperament_n ad_fw-la justitiam_fw-la by_o which_o the_o compositum_fw-la may_v be_v preserve_v for_o many_o year_n in_o a_o good_a estate_n yet_o at_o last_o from_o the_o constant_a fight_n of_o these_o contrary_a quality_n alteration_n death_n and_o corruption_n at_o last_o let_v in_o three_o the_o element_n must_v be_v so_o put_v together_o that_o every_o part_n of_o the_o compositum_fw-la must_v retain_v they_o all_o four_o and_o last_o that_o they_o must_v remain_v formal_o in_o mixto_fw-la i_o know_v this_o last_o be_v controvert_v by_o some_o writer_n yet_o i_o believe_v will_n upon_o examination_n be_v find_v a_o truth_n but_o the_o disputation_n thereof_o be_v not_o for_o this_o place_n avicenna_n lib._n 1._o d._n 2._o prove_v the_o element_n from_o the_o necessary_a thing_n that_o must_v concur_v to_o the_o generation_n of_o every_o natural_a body_n he_o tell_v you_o no_o generation_n can_v be_v without_o a_o fixion_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o extension_n a_o dilution_n and_o permeation_n of_o the_o part_n a_o subtiliation_n and_o mixture_n with_o motion_n he_o tell_v you_o fixion_n come_v from_o the_o earth_n extension_n and_o dilution_n from_o the_o water_n permeation_n and_o subtiliation_n from_o the_o air_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o mix_v from_o the_o fire_n and_o then_o conclude_v that_o since_o those_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o all_o generation_n and_o be_v supply_v by_o those_o four_o element_n those_o element_n must_v needs_o have_v existence_n to_o supply_v that_o office_n this_o argumentation_n from_o this_o learned_a arabian_a will_n upon_o good_a consideration_n be_v find_v to_o have_v more_o weight_n then_o at_o first_o sight_n do_v perhaps_o appear_v of_o this_o i_o be_o sure_a that_o this_o with_o those_o before_o draw_v from_o the_o combination_n of_o the_o four_o quality_n among_o many_o other_o have_v so_o far_o prevail_v with_o the_o world_n that_o they_o have_v i_o think_v for_o nigh_o if_o not_o full_a 2000_o year_n be_v think_v reasonable_a and_o therefore_o not_o so_o easy_o to_o be_v explode_v and_o think_v dry_a and_o jejune_a notion_n as_o our_o m._n n._n will_v have_v they_o let_v every_o man_n however_o for_o i_o safe_o enjoy_v his_o own_o opinion_n and_o the_o learned_a judge_n which_o carry_v most_o weight_n of_o reason_n i_o shall_v now_o come_v to_o a_o particular_a examination_n of_o the_o eight_o and_o nine_o chapter_n of_o his_o book_n which_o be_v very_o long_o but_o contain_v in_o they_o nothing_o or_o little_o more_o than_o a_o repetition_n of_o what_o have_v be_v several_a time_n inculcate_v in_o other_o part_n of_o his_o book_n and_o already_o take_v notice_n of_o what_o he_o speak_v touch_v digestion_n fermentation_n and_o the_o mistake_n of_o the_o school_n in_o the_o notion_n of_o disease_n whether_o a_o disease_n be_v only_o a_o distemper_n in_o the_o excess_n of_o quality_n as_o the_o galenist_n or_o a_o real_a substantial_a thing_n inherent_a in_o the_o archaeus_n as_o helmont_n may_v admit_v of_o a_o endless_a dispute_n but_o he_o shall_v do_v well_o to_o explain_v what_o they_o mean_v by_o archaeus_n and_o how_o a_o disease_n can_v be_v inherent_a in_o it_o or_o how_o any_o medicine_n can_v work_v upon_o a_o spirit_n and_o incorporeal_a thing_n or_o disease_n cure_v except_o it_o can_v be_v do_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o quality_n in_o correct_v their_o excess_n i_o be_o sure_a none_o of_o they_o have_v hitherto_o deliver_v we_o any_o such_o medicine_n 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be_v but_o one_o that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o one_o principle_n he_o can_v not_o feel_v pain_n fernelius_n tell_v you_o in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr elementis_fw-la lib._n 2._o cap._n 4._o his_o argumentis_fw-la tanquam_fw-la fustibus_fw-la vis_fw-la illa_fw-la &_o turbulenta_fw-la concursu_fw-la atomorum_fw-la immutabilium_fw-la per_fw-la inane_fw-la volitantium_fw-la in_o exilium_fw-la relegata_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr naturâ_fw-la &_o mundoque_fw-la depulsa_fw-la videri_fw-la possit_fw-la five_o aristotle_n in_o his_o physics_n demonstrate_v that_o a_o continuum_fw-la can_v be_v make_v of_o indivisibles_n because_o in_o they_o there_o be_v nothing_o first_o nor_o last_o in_o regard_n there_o be_v no_o part_n the_o chapter_n be_v well_o worth_a read_v over_o and_o confute_v by_o those_o that_o think_v themselves_o able_a to_o do_v it_o six_o how_o come_v it_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v make_v with_o so_o great_a ornament_n if_o they_o come_v by_o a_o voluntary_a concourse_n of_o atom_n at_o 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