they_o more_o lift_v up_o above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n then_o 236._o perch_n wherefore_o admit_v g_o f_o which_o be_v the_o part_n of_o the_o perpendicular_a line_n that_o penetrate_v the_o gross_a air_n to_o be_v three_o mile_n and_o f_o c_o the_o semidiamiter_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v 3436_o mile_n and_o the_o summer_n and_o winter_n height_n as_o before_o it_o will_v be_v manifest_a by_o supputation_n that_o whereas_o k_o f_o shall_v pierce_v but_o four_o mile_n or_o thereabouts_o m_o f_o shall_v pass_v twelve_o and_o somewhat_o more_o so_o that_o the_o opposition_n and_o impediment_n which_o the_o sunbeam_n do_v suffer_v in_o winter_n be_v triple_a to_o that_o which_o they_o feel_v in_o their_o summer_n passage_n and_o do_v therefore_o weaken_v the_o sun_n force_n in_o that_o preparation_n and_o be_v add_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o cause_n before_o specify_v do_v demonstrative_o prove_v all_o together_o consider_v that_o the_o heat_n in_o summer_n excel_v that_o which_o we_o receive_v in_o winter_n in_o proportion_n as_o 144._o be_v to_o 1._o in_o explain_v whereof_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o curious_a because_o that_o which_o be_v here_o demonstrate_v concerning_o the_o sun_n apparition_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o planet_n which_o move_v under_o the_o same_o circle_n that_o the_o sun_n do_v shall_v receive_v the_o like_a addition_n or_o abatement_n of_o force_n and_o therefore_o of_o singular_a moment_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o all_o judgement_n chap._n vi_o why_o the_o end_n of_o july_n and_o beginning_n of_o august_n be_v the_o hot_a time_n of_o summer_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o end_n of_o january_n and_o beginning_n of_o february_n the_o cold_a time_n of_o winter_n but_o we_o must_v further_o consider_v that_o although_o these_o four_o cause_n be_v most_o evident_a upon_o the_o very_a solstitial_a day_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o always_o of_o necessity_n that_o upon_o they_o we_o always_o feel_v the_o great_a heat_n or_o cold_a but_o there_o be_v yet_o another_o general_a cause_n to_o be_v add_v which_o in_o respect_n of_o itself_o do_v common_o aggravate_v the_o bitterness_n of_o winter_n about_o the_o beginning_n of_o february_n the_o reason_n whereof_o kepler_n do_v resolute_o ascribe_v to_o privation_n 19_o only_o with_o cardan_n further_o deny_v cold_a to_o be_v a_o positive_a quality_n and_o with_o he_o picus_fw-la that_o any_o specifical_a virtue_n do_v descend_v unto_o we_o from_o heaven_n beside_o light_n and_o heat_n and_o therefore_o say_v that_o the_o air_n water_n and_o earth_n be_v natural_o destitute_a of_o heat_n as_o they_o be_v material_a and_o thick_a body_n be_v neither_o â—uddenly_o warm_v nor_o sudden_o cold_a but_o conceive_v heat_n in_o june_n when_o the_o â—un_n be_v at_o the_o high_a do_v accumulate_v it_o â—nto_o the_o heat_n of_o july_n and_o august_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o for_o the_o same_o reaâ—on_n that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o day_n in_o the_o afterâ—oon_n be_v great_a than_o at_o high_a noon_n until_o the_o sun_n after_o his_o decline_n by_o degree_n â—rom_v we_o do_v also_o by_o little_a and_o little_o withdraw_v his_o heat_n from_o these_o element_n which_o â—hen_o return_n to_o their_o former_a nature_n and_o â—o_z necessary_o admit_v cold_a in_o the_o absence_n â—f_fw-mi heat_n which_o still_o prevail_v more_o and_o more_o by_o the_o sun_n long_a discontinuance_n â—rom_v we_o until_o after_o february_n be_v past_a â—e_z begin_v to_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o his_o â—orce_n again_o chap._n vii_o the_o method_n set_v down_o which_o be_v observe_v in_o refel_v kepler_n whereunto_o because_o it_o concern_v the_o very_a foundation_n of_o astrology_n i_o must_v crave_v leave_n to_o answer_v not_o doubt_v but_o if_o i_o can_v demonstrate_v that_o both_o cold_a and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n do_v proceed_v essential_o from_o heaven_n and_o be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v by_o accident_n in_o the_o element_n that_o this_o will_v give_v the_o reader_n who_o before_o stand_v in_o doubt_n good_a satisfaction_n and_o the_o better_a to_o clear_v this_o point_n i_o will_v first_o show_v that_o heat_n be_v neither_o essential_a to_o the_o light_n nor_o so_o inseparable_o unite_v unto_o it_o but_o that_o they_o be_v and_o may_v be_v sever_v as_o diverse_a in_o nature_n whereby_o it_o will_v likewise_o follow_v that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o quality_n may_v concur_v with_o light_a as_o well_o as_o heat_n this_o do_v i_o will_v second_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o cold_a be_v no_o privation_n but_o a_o positive_a quality_n and_o that_o neither_o it_o nor_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o quality_n can_v original_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o element_n but_o of_o consequence_n to_o heaven_n yea_o and_o that_o without_o any_o incongruity_n in_o philosophy_n whatsoever_o the_o peripatetic_n and_o their_o follower_n have_v heretofore_o think_v which_o thus_o premise_v the_o reader_n shall_v be_v the_o better_o prepare_v to_o believe_v both_o that_o this_o common_a intention_n in_o february_n be_v to_o be_v ascribe_v as_o astrology_n teach_v partly_o to_o those_o part_n of_o heaven_n which_o the_o sun_n do_v then_o pass_v by_o partly_o to_o such_o constellation_n as_o do_v then_o rise_v and_o set_v and_o also_o the_o better_a to_o conceive_v how_o the_o intention_n and_o remission_n of_o every_o season_n may_v grow_v by_o the_o particular_a passion_n of_o the_o planet_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o star_n and_o not_o from_o naked_a privation_n as_o kepler_n will_v have_v it_o chap._n viii_o other_o quality_n concomitate_fw-la light_n as_o well_o as_o heat_n and_o now_o to_o prosecute_v these_o thing_n in_o order_n first_o i_o affirm_v that_o although_o we_o see_v heat_n and_o light_n to_o descend_v joint_o with_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o concomitate_fw-la the_o light_n of_o all_o the_o star_n for_o that_o heat_n be_v neither_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o light_n for_o assertion_n whereof_o scaliger_n just_o reprehend_v 75._o cardane_n nor_o more_o to_o be_v confound_v with_o light_n than_o sight_n than_o sight_n be_v to_o be_v confound_v with_o touch_n whereof_o light_n and_o heat_n be_v proper_a object_n for_o as_o we_o can_v feel_v the_o light_n nor_o see_v the_o heat_n so_o those_o sense_n which_o be_v not_o always_o joint_o exercise_v together_o as_o we_o see_v and_o not_o feel_v and_o feel_v and_o not_o see_v do_v teach_v we_o that_o light_n and_o heat_n be_v divers_a quality_n and_o both_o in_o reason_n and_o nature_n may_v be_v conceive_v to_o subsist_v the_o one_o without_o the_o other_o this_o will_v best_o appear_v by_o the_o definition_n of_o both_o which_o evermore_o express_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n forasmuch_o therefore_o as_o heat_n be_v that_o quality_n which_o do_v congregate_v define_v homogeneal_a thing_n and_o separate_v those_o that_o be_v heterogeneal_a which_o agree_v not_o to_o the_o property_n of_o the_o light_n which_o be_v bring_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o star_n the_o same_o be_v define_v according_a to_o alhazen_a and_o vitellio_n to_o be_v lightsomeness_n only_o the_o species_n or_o image_n of_o the_o inherent_a light_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o star_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v send_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o evident_a than_o that_o that_o heat_n which_o be_v convey_v unto_o we_o with_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v of_o a_o divers_a nature_n from_o the_o light_n thereof_o for_o both_o sense_n and_o experience_n do_v prove_v that_o heat_n be_v no_o image_n or_o similitude_n but_o a_o real_a and_o active_a quality_n which_o how_o it_o shall_v subsist_v in_o a_o image_n as_o in_o the_o subject_n or_o how_o light_n shall_v subsist_v in_o heat_n be_v likewise_o a_o accidental_a quality_n be_v difficulty_n which_o in_o my_o judgement_n will_v not_o easy_o be_v answer_v except_o we_o can_v prove_v that_o one_o accident_n may_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o another_o which_o be_v against_o all_o philosophy_n this_o then_o alone_o although_o it_o do_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o light_n and_o heat_n be_v two_o divers_a quality_n yet_o to_o make_v it_o more_o apparent_a daily_a observation_n do_v show_v that_o one_o may_v be_v and_o remain_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o other_o as_o we_o see_v in_o attrition_n where_o heat_n be_v excite_v without_o light_n and_o so_o we_o may_v exclude_v the_o light_n when_o nevertheless_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n shall_v remain_v and_o though_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o element_n retain_v the_o impression_n of_o the_o former_a day_n yet_o do_v neither_o the_o earth_n air_n or_o water_n shine_v after_o the_o sun_n be_v set_v wherefore_o if_o heat_n may_v thus_o exist_v and_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o light_n and_o it_o be_v also_o true_a as_o before_o have_v be_v show_v
impossible_a to_o restore_v heat_n again_o by_o the_o return_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o any_o other_o natural_a mean_n as_o to_o give_v life_n to_o a_o dead_a man_n for_o a_o privatione_fw-la ad_fw-la habitum_fw-la nullus_fw-la est_fw-la regressus_fw-la as_o for_o their_o simile_n or_o example_n it_o will_v do_v they_o small_a service_n for_o see_v that_o betwixt_o twelve_o and_o two_o in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o sun_n continue_v his_o action_n still_o without_o interruption_n their_o own_o reason_n will_v teach_v they_o that_o this_o be_v not_o ad_fw-la idem_fw-la for_o we_o speak_v of_o the_o intend_a quality_n of_o the_o season_n where_o by_o intercourse_n of_o the_o night_n they_o must_v needs_o confess_v a_o intermission_n of_o the_o sun_n appearation_n which_o alone_o as_o we_o read_v serve_v great_o to_o qualify_v the_o sun_n order_n to_o they_o that_o dwell_v under_o the_o aequinoctial_a wherefore_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n also_o forasmuch_o as_o cold_a be_v the_o opposite_a quality_n to_o heat_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v by_o kepler_n and_o cardane_n confess_v to_o have_v a_o real_a existence_n in_o nature_n they_o must_v also_o be_v drive_v to_o acknowledge_v cold_a to_o be_v more_o than_o a_o mere_a negation_n and_o privation_n because_o it_o be_v impossible_a that_o that_o which_o be_v not_o habitual_a can_v be_v actual_o contrary_a to_o a_o particular_a nature_n in_o be_v chap._n x._o the_o first_o quality_n original_o from_o heaven_n not_o from_o the_o element_n have_v therefore_o as_o i_o take_v it_o sufficient_o prove_v cold_a to_o be_v a_o positive_a quality_n the_o next_o thing_n which_o in_o order_n offer_v itself_o to_o be_v decide_v be_v whereunto_o we_o shall_v original_o refer_v the_o same_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o first_o quality_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o whole_a system_n of_o the_o world_n be_v distinguish_v into_o two_o part_n celestial_a or_o elementary_a we_o must_v of_o necessity_n primary_o derive_v they_o from_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o but_o i_o will_v prove_v that_o they_o be_v only_o by_o accident_n and_o not_o essential_o in_o the_o element_n wherefore_o of_o consequence_n original_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o heavenly_a body_n i_o know_v they_o be_v common_o place_v in_o the_o definition_n of_o the_o element_n and_o therefore_o they_o define_v air_n to_o be_v hot_a and_o moist_a water_n cold_a and_o moist_a earth_n cold_a and_o dry_a but_o if_o it_o be_v better_o consider_v we_o may_v more_o true_o say_v with_o roslinus_n that_o the_o element_n rather_o essential_o differ_v one_o essential_o from_o another_o in_o other_o quality_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o these_o as_o in_o rariety_n density_n levity_n gravity_n liquidness_n softness_n transparancy_n opacity_n for_o so_o be_v the_o earth_n a_o heavy_a thick_a dark_a firm_a and_o stable_a element_n the_o water_n likewise_o soft_a flow_a and_o navigable_a the_o air_n light_n rare_a liquid_a and_o permeable_a and_o so_o temper_v one_o to_o another_o in_o proportion_n that_o as_o the_o air_n in_o the_o rarity_n and_o liquidness_n thereof_o be_v to_o the_o softness_n and_o flow_a nature_n of_o the_o water_n so_o be_v the_o like_a constitution_n of_o the_o water_n unto_o the_o density_n and_o firmness_n of_o the_o earth_n neither_o thin_a nor_o thick_a in_o extremity_n but_o of_o a_o middle_a temperature_n between_o both_o and_o in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v all_o proportion_v to_o the_o heavenly_a body_n but_o as_o the_o matter_n of_o thing_n mere_o passive_a 18._o not_o have_v their_o first_o quality_n essential_o in_o themselves_o but_o by_o accident_n from_o heaven_n thus_o teach_v aristotle_n himself_o and_o thus_o say_v his_o expositor_n zabarella_n toletus_n scaliger_n and_o other_o neither_o do_v i_o rest_v upon_o their_o authority_n alone_o but_o upon_o their_o firm_a and_o evident_a reason_n for_o be_v these_o the_o essential_a form_n of_o the_o element_n they_o element_n can_v not_o be_v intend_v and_o remit_v because_o it_o be_v against_o the_o principle_n which_o deny_v form_n to_o admit_v intention_n and_o remission_n but_o these_o quality_n be_v sometime_o more_o or_o less_o in_o the_o element_n wherefore_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v affirm_v their_o essential_a form_n neither_o can_v the_o element_n themselves_o be_v say_v the_o first_o subject_n of_o heat_n cold_a moisture_n and_o siccity_n consider_v that_o both_o experience_n and_o sense_n teach_v we_o that_o they_o be_v neither_o hot_a nor_o cold_a but_o indifferent_o dispose_v to_o the_o receive_n of_o all_o the_o quality_n and_o not_o more_o capable_a of_o the_o one_o than_o the_o other_o for_o example_n to_o they_o in_o a_o right_a sphere_n the_o air_n be_v always_o hot_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o perpendicularity_n of_o the_o sun_n beam_n to_o we_o it_o be_v variable_a sometime_o hot_a sometime_o cold_a sometime_o moist_a and_o sometime_o dry_a and_o to_o they_o near_o the_o north_n pole_n for_o the_o most_o part_n cold_a nay_o which_o be_v more_o absurd_a be_v these_o quality_n formal_o in_o the_o element_n we_o shall_v of_o necessity_n be_v drive_v to_o constitute_v two_o form_n in_o every_o element_n answerable_a to_o the_o two_o first_o quality_n ascribe_v to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o those_o not_o differ_v secundum_fw-la magis_fw-la et_fw-la minus_fw-la but_o in_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o perfection_n and_o that_o in_o such_o sort_n also_o as_o they_o may_v not_o be_v repute_v of_o the_o same_o special_a kind_n but_o to_o vary_v one_o from_o another_o for_o if_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n shall_v not_o differ_v from_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o water_n confusion_n will_v follow_v and_o so_o no_o distinction_n at_o all_o of_o the_o element_n and_o yet_o if_o these_o quality_n be_v admit_v of_o a_o divers_a species_n instead_o of_o four_o we_o must_v constitute_v eight_o first_o quality_n wherefore_o i_o take_v it_o very_o clear_a that_o see_v the_o element_n first_o four_o quality_n can_v original_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o element_n necessity_n will_v infer_v by_o consequence_n that_o their_o first_o inherence_n be_v in_o the_o inward_a form_n of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n from_o whence_o by_o accident_n as_o aristotle_n teach_v and_o not_o otherwise_o they_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o element_n chap._n xi_o the_o scruple_n of_o alteration_n in_o heaven_n which_o make_v the_o peripatetic_n picus_n cardane_n etc._n etc._n to_o ascribe_v the_o first_o quality_n to_o the_o element_n take_v away_o which_o be_v true_a it_o will_v not_o be_v labour_n lose_v after_o these_o ground_n thus_o lay_v to_o borrow_v a_o little_a more_o patience_n for_o examination_n of_o the_o reason_n why_o picus_n cardane_n kepler_n with_o other_o frank_o confess_v heat_n to_o descend_v with_o the_o light_n of_o the_o star_n be_v nevertheless_o so_o nice_a to_o subscribe_v to_o the_o derivation_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o quality_n from_o heaven_n the_o consideration_n whereof_o will_v also_o something_o explain_v unto_o we_o the_o differ_a manner_n between_o their_o inherence_n in_o the_o star_n and_o in_o the_o element_n and_o sure_o i_o find_v none_o other_o reason_n of_o their_o doubt_n in_o this_o point_n but_o that_o they_o fear_v if_o contrary_a quality_n shall_v original_o be_v find_v in_o heaven_n we_o must_v withal_o induce_v action_n and_o passion_n between_o the_o heavenly_a body_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n generation_n and_o corruption_n whereof_o the_o peripatetic_n may_v not_o abide_v to_o hear_v which_o objection_n may_v diverse_o be_v answer_v for_o first_o whatsoever_o the_o peripatetic_n have_v hold_v we_o know_v the_o world_n to_o have_v have_v a_o beginning_n and_o therefore_o even_o by_o their_o own_o doctrine_n it_o shall_v have_v a_o end_n and_o the_o confirm_v experience_n of_o latter_o time_n have_v sufficient_o prove_v heaven_n subject_a to_o alteration_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o that_o spot_n which_o in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a continue_v 8._o or_o 9_o day_n in_o the_o sun_n be_v by_o historiographer_n though_o ignorant_o repute_v to_o be_v mercury_n for_o copernicus_n after_o supputation_n 10._o find_v it_o not_o to_o be_v mercury_n but_o a_o prodigious_a meteor_n which_o can_v not_o happen_v but_o in_o the_o sphere_n of_o the_o sun_n consider_v it_o accompany_v the_o sun_n itself_o so_o long_a time_n together_o the_o like_a buntingus_n gemma_fw-la frisius_n and_o other_o report_n of_o that_o strange_a and_o bloody_a obscurity_n which_o anno_fw-la 1547._o do_v so_o darken_v the_o sun_n three_o whole_a day_n together_o as_o the_o star_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v see_v at_o high_a noon_n but_o what_o need_v i_o run_v to_o foreign_a testimony_n when_o all_o london_n can_v bear_v i_o witness_v of_o the_o like_a blot_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 1604._o 11._o and_o 12._o of_o octob._n appear_v first_o a_o little_a above_o the_o southeast_n periphery_n of_o the_o sun_n
and_o seem_v to_o move_v by_o little_a and_o little_a unto_o the_o centre_n of_o his_o globe_n and_o whereunto_o shall_v we_o refer_v the_o illumination_n and_o extinguish_n of_o the_o comet_n and_o new_a star_n which_o in_o this_o our_o age_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o flame_n in_o heaven_n itself_o do_v they_o not_o all_o demonstrative_o prove_v generation_n and_o corruption_n in_o heaven_n true_a it_o be_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o our_o remote_a distance_n from_o the_o heavenly_a sensible_a sphere_n we_o can_v by_o sense_n attain_v to_o every_o particular_a alteration_n which_o happen_v there_o and_o therefore_o aristotle_n neither_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o world_n creation_n nor_o in_o former_a age_n find_v any_o alteration_n in_o heaven_n but_o still_o receive_v by_o tradition_n that_o the_o planet_n the_o fix_a star_n their_o motion_n and_o the_o medium_n in_o which_o they_o be_v remain_v the_o same_o while_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earth_n and_o element_n be_v daily_o subject_a unto_o divers_a change_n familiar_a to_o our_o eye_n conclude_v from_o experience_n heaven_n to_o be_v privilege_v from_o almutation_n but_o the_o element_n to_o be_v obnoxious_a thereunto_o but_o can_v either_o aristotle_n be_v inform_v that_o now_o this_o latteâ—_z age_n more_o diligent_a than_o the_o former_a hatâ—_n observe_v new_a body_n in_o heaven_n or_o be_v it_o possible_a that_o our_o mortal_a eye_n may_v from_o the_o heaven_n behold_v the_o earth_n as_o now_o from_o the_o earth_n we_o behold_v they_o i_o very_o be_o persuade_v that_o both_o the_o philosopher_n will_v change_v his_o opinion_n and_o that_o we_o shall_v from_o heaven_n behold_v as_o little_a alteration_n in_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o now_o we_o observe_v in_o heaven_n he_o that_o list_v to_o read_v more_o of_o this_o matter_n let_v he_o peruse_v kepler_n himself_o cap._n 23._o de_fw-la nova_fw-la stella_fw-la where_o he_o do_v purposely_o treat_v of_o this_o subject_a and_o prove_v by_o five_o particular_a reason_n that_o the_o matter_n of_o heaven_n be_v alterable_a which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a then_o be_v their_o argument_n from_o the_o consequence_n of_o alteration_n of_o no_o force_n against_o the_o first_o quality_n in_o heaven_n but_o rather_o to_o be_v retort_v upon_o themselves_o in_o this_o manner_n that_o because_o there_o be_v a_o generation_n and_o alteration_n demonstrative_o observe_v ergo_fw-la the_o first_o quality_n may_v likewise_o be_v affirm_v there_o as_o fit_a instrument_n of_o these_o mutation_n but_o nevertheless_o leave_v this_o doctrine_n in_o suspense_n because_o it_o be_v new_a yet_o be_v not_o our_o cause_n so_o needy_a but_o that_o i_o dare_v otherwise_o undertake_v to_o prove_v the_o consequent_a of_o the_o reason_n to_o be_v false_a for_o that_o themselves_o the_o star_n may_v very_o well_o be_v justify_v to_o have_v divers_a and_o contrary_a virtue_n without_o admit_v any_o passion_n in_o the_o heavenly_a body_n for_o astra_fw-la agere_fw-la quod_fw-la in_fw-la seipsis_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la be_v no_o rare_a maxim_n among_o the_o learned_a some_o of_o who_o use_v this_o distinction_n between_o the_o differ_a manner_n of_o these_o quality_n in_o the_o star_n otherwise_o then_o in_o the_o element_n by_o suppose_v they_o in_o the_o first_o only_o effective_a and_o in_o the_o latter_a subjective_a because_o as_o they_o will_v have_v it_o the_o star_n be_v not_o actual_o hot_a or_o cold_a but_o virtualiter_fw-la that_o be_v they_o have_v a_o certain_a power_n to_o produce_v heat_n and_o cold_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o quality_n in_o the_o other_o body_n out_o of_o themselves_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o in_o themselves_o but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o free_o confess_v not_o well_o to_o conceive_v this_o subtlety_n though_o it_o be_v scaliger_n how_o the_o sun_n not_o be_v habitual_o hot_a yet_o nevertheless_o can_v burn_v rather_o to_o go_v more_o direct_o to_o the_o work_n matter_n i_o hold_v the_o efficacy_n of_o the_o star_n to_o proceed_v from_o that_o natural_a virtue_n which_o be_v original_o inherent_a in_o themselves_o which_o notwithstanding_o shall_v never_o the_o more_o subject_a these_o excellent_a body_n to_o alteration_n for_o as_o the_o loadstone_n more_o precious_a than_o any_o diamond_n have_v in_o many_o point_n a_o singular_a affinity_n with_o heaven_n so_o it_o do_v not_o fail_v to_o lend_v we_o a_o most_o lively_a example_n how_o contrary_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o same_o natural_a body_n without_o destruction_n thereof_o for_o what_o can_v be_v more_o contrary_a than_o attraction_n and_o repulsion_n yet_o if_o the_o needle_n be_v touch_v with_o the_o north_n pole_n of_o the_o loadstone_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o as_o that_o part_n will_v attract_v the_o same_o so_o the_o contrary_a pole_n or_o end_n will_v make_v it_o fly_v away_o yet_o without_o any_o danger_n or_o passion_n in_o the_o stone_n itself_o why_o shall_v we_o not_o therefore_o believe_v that_o as_o heaven_n be_v far_o more_o excellent_a than_o these_o sublunary_a body_n so_o it_o shall_v be_v endow_v with_o all_o the_o virtue_n which_o be_v find_v here_o beneath_o in_o a_o far_o more_o excellent_a manner_n and_o without_o any_o prejudice_n to_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o matter_n whereof_o it_o consist_v for_o if_o the_o matter_n be_v not_o proportion_v unto_o the_o power_n of_o the_o agent_n no_o effect_n can_v follow_v but_o even_o by_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o peripatetic_n such_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o heaven_n consist_v of_o a_o simple_a and_o five_o essence_n free_a from_o all_o passion_n ergo_fw-la although_o we_o do_v admit_v contrary_a quality_n to_o flow_v from_o the_o star_n yet_o shall_v this_o work_v no_o alteration_n because_o the_o matter_n of_o heaven_n be_v not_o a_o apt_a subject_n for_o this_o purpose_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n we_o may_v not_o consider_v these_o quality_n as_o they_o be_v find_v in_o the_o element_n or_o mix_v body_n who_o matter_n be_v passive_a but_o rather_o as_o they_o be_v inherent_a in_o a_o simple_a and_o pure_a essence_n privilege_v from_o corruption_n be_v for_o this_o cause_n call_v by_o aristotle_n agentes_fw-la {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o {non-roman}_o thereby_o to_o distinguish_v they_o from_o those_o inferior_a thing_n which_o be_v mutual_o subject_a to_o action_n and_o passion_n because_o they_o consist_v of_o elementary_a matter_n i_o doubt_v not_o therefore_o but_o by_o this_o which_o have_v be_v say_v it_o do_v sufficient_o appear_v that_o in_o this_o controversy_n between_o the_o star_n and_o the_o element_n these_o celestial_a and_o pure_a light_n have_v obtain_v priority_n as_o first_o endue_v by_o god_n with_o natural_a power_n by_o their_o motion_n light_n and_o secret_a influence_n to_o excite_v and_o stir_v up_o heat_n cold_a moisture_n and_o siccity_n in_o these_o sublunary_a body_n subordinate_a unto_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a virtue_n chap._n xii_o the_o cause_n why_o the_o cold_a in_o winter_n be_v great_a in_o february_n prove_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o different_a point_n of_o heaven_n who_o diversity_n be_v show_v wherefore_o now_o to_o return_v from_o whence_o i_o digress_v have_v thus_o prepare_v the_o way_n i_o may_v the_o more_o bold_o proceed_v and_o with_o better_a assurance_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o astrology_n ascribe_v this_o increase_n of_o cold_a which_o common_o happen_v about_o february_n partly_o unto_o the_o complexion_n of_o that_o sign_n which_o the_o sun_n then_o pass_v partly_o to_o the_o apparent_a rise_n and_o set_v of_o those_o constellation_n which_o ordinary_o agree_v to_o this_o month_n and_o first_o concerning_o that_o part_n of_o heaven_n which_o the_o sun_n then_o hold_v we_o be_v to_o know_v that_o it_o be_v the_o dominion_n of_o saturn_n who_o influence_n excel_v in_o excite_v cold_a as_o in_o that_o which_o follow_v i_o hope_v infallible_o to_o demonstrate_v the_o same_o be_v diametrical_o opposite_a unto_o the_o royal_a palace_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o alone_o to_o those_o that_o repose_v in_o the_o principle_n deliver_v by_o astrologer_n be_v sufficient_a reason_n in_o this_o case_n but_o if_o any_o there_o be_v that_o do_v doubt_n thereof_o and_o whether_o the_o matter_n of_o heaven_n may_v admit_v variety_n as_o well_o as_o the_o star_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o satisfy_v he_o also_o partly_o by_o reason_n partly_o by_o undoubted_a experâ—ence_n for_o first_o whereas_o we_o see_v the_o form_n of_o divers_a heaven_n thing_n in_o this_o sublunary_a world_n apparent_o to_o consent_n both_o with_o certain_a star_n and_o with_o the_o particular_a region_n of_o heaven_n reason_n teach_v we_o that_o this_o can_v proceed_v from_o no_o other_o probable_a cause_n in_o nature_n then_o from_o the_o sympathy_n or_o agreeable_a temperature_n of_o their_o substance_n and_o that_o one_o or_o two_o example_n may_v stand_v for_o many_o we_o see_v the_o north_n part_n of_o heaven_n particular_o
12._o 7._o oedipus_n or_o a_o resolver_n be_v a_o clew_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o chief_a secret_n and_o true_a resolution_n of_o ammorus_a natural_a moral_a and_o political_a problem_n by_o g._n m._n 12._o 8._o the_o celestial_a lamp_n enlighten_v every_o distress_a soul_n from_o the_o depth_n of_o everlasting_a darkness_n to_o the_o height_n of_o eternal_a light_n by_o tho_n fettisplace_v 12._o choice_n poem_n with_o several_a excellent_a tragedy_n and_o comedy_n 1._o fons_fw-la lachrymarum_fw-la or_o a_o fountain_n of_o tear_n from_o whence_o do_v flow_v england_n complaint_n jeremiah_n lamentation_n with_o a_o elegy_n upon_o that_o son_n of_o valour_n sir_n charles_n lucas_n by_o john_n quarls_n 8._o 2._o nocturnal_a locubration_n or_o meditation_n divine_a and_o moral_a with_o epigram_n and_o epitaph_n by_o robert_n chamberlin_n 3._o the_o unfortunate_a mother_n a_o tragedy_n by_o thomas_n nabbs_n 4._o the_o rebellion_n of_o comedy_n by_o tho_n raulins_n 5._o the_o tragedy_n of_o messalina_n by_o nathaniel_n richards_n 8._o excellent_a piece_n of_o divinity_n of_o certain_a orthodox_a divine_n with_o other_o sermon_n viz._n 1._o the_o remedy_n of_o discontentment_n or_o a_o treatise_n of_o contentation_n in_o whatsoever_o condition_n fit_a for_o these_o sad_a and_o trouble_a time_n by_o the_o right_a reverend_a father_n in_o god_n joseph_n hall_n late_a bishop_n of_o exon_n and_o norwich_n 12._o 2._o the_o grand_a sacrilege_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n in_o take_v away_o the_o sacred_a cup_n from_o the_o laity_n at_o the_o lord_n table_n by_o the_o late_a reverend_a daniel_n feat_n doctor_n in_o divinity_n 4._o 3._o the_o cause_n and_o cure_n of_o ignorance_n error_n enmity_n athiesm_n and_o profaneness_n or_o a_o most_o hopeful_a way_n to_o grace_n and_o salvation_n by_o r._n young_n 8._o 4._o a_o bridle_n for_o the_o time_n tend_v to_o still_o the_o murmur_n to_o settle_v the_o waver_n to_o stay_v the_o wander_v to_o strengthen_v the_o faint_v by_o john_n brinsley_n minister_n of_o god_n word_n at_o yarmouth_n 5._o comfort_n against_o the_o fear_n of_o death_n be_v short_a meditation_n of_o that_o precious_a gentlewoman_n mrs_n anne_n skelton_n of_o norwich_n wherein_o be_v several_a evidence_n of_o the_o work_n of_o grace_n in_o she_o own_o soul_n which_o be_v the_o stay_n of_o her_o heart_n against_o the_o fear_n of_o death_n by_o john_n collings_n of_o norwich_n 6._o jacob_n seed_n or_o the_o excellency_n of_o seek_v god_n by_o prayer_n by_o jeremiah_n burrough_n minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n to_o the_o two_o great_a congregation_n about_o london_n stepney_n and_o cripplegate_n 12._o 10._o the_o zealous_a magistrate_n a_o sermon_n by_o thomas_n trescot_n 11._o britania_n rediviva_fw-la or_o a_o sovereign_a remedy_n to_o cure_v a_o sick_a commonwealth_n in_o a_o sermon_n preach_v in_o the_o minster_n at_o york_n before_o the_o judge_n at_o the_o assize_n aug._n 9_o 1649._o by_o john_n shaw_n min._n of_o hull_n 9_o the_o prince_n royal_a or_o a_o sermon_n preach_v in_o the_o minster_n in_o york_n before_o the_o judge_n march_n 24._o 1650._o by_o john_n shaw_n minister_n of_o hull_n 10._o anatomy_n of_o mortality_n divide_v into_o eight_o head_n 1._o the_o certainty_n of_o death_n 2._o meditation_n of_o death_n 3._o preparation_n for_o death_n 4._o the_o right_a behaviour_n in_o death_n 5._o the_o comfort_n in_o our_o own_o death_n 6._o the_o comfort_n against_o the_o death_n of_o friend_n 7._o the_o case_n wherein_o its_o lawful_a and_o unlawful_a 8._o the_o glorious_a estate_n of_o god_n child_n after_o death_n by_o george_n strand_n errata_fw-la read_v page_n 4._o li._n 2._o be_v above_o a._n p._n 13._o li._n 15._o proportion_n l._n 24._o operation_n p._n 22._o l._n 26._o this_o p._n 23._o l._n 6._o with_o the_o quality_n p._n 24._o l._n 8._o so_o far_o p._n 27._o l._n 5._o operation_n l._n 7._o ardour_n p._n 48._o l._n 7._o the_o general_a p._n 50._o l._n 6._o historiarum_fw-la commentarios_fw-la l._n 23._o sine_fw-la p._n 54._o l._n 8._o this_o p._n 55._o l._n 9_o make_v like_o p._n 58._o l._n 25._o also_o in_o p._n 60._o l._n 12._o of_o these_o l._n 28._o to_o the_o true_a p._n 63._o l._n 23._o the_o same_o l._n 25._o cauda_fw-la cygni_fw-la p._n 66._o l._n 17._o be_v so_o p._n 67._o l._n 14._o passion_n p._n 70._o l._n 26._o by_o r._n of_o p._n 72._o l._n 26._o their_o r._n these_o p._n 74._o l._n 22._o ark_n p._n 75._o l._n 1._o i_o r._n we_o p._n 78._o l._n 4._o of_o r._n as_o l._n 6._o constitute_v p._n 79._o l._n 22._o of_o the_o circum_fw-la p._n 80._o l._n 5._o that_o either_o p._n 99_o l._n 19_o your_o r._n their_o p._n 102._o l._n 22._o happen_v chap._n i._n of_o winter_n not_o without_o great_a judgement_n do_v pliny_n affirm_v 8_o those_o that_o first_o understand_v the_o obliquity_n of_o the_o zodiac_n rerum_fw-la fores_fw-la aperuisse_fw-la for_o beside_o that_o the_o find_v out_o hereof_o prepare_v the_o way_n first_o to_o find_v out_o the_o periodical_a motion_n of_o the_o planet_n the_o philosopher_n himself_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o variety_n generation_n and_o corruption_n of_o all_o thing_n depend_v chief_o hereupon_o and_o common_a experience_n drive_v we_o to_o confess_v the_o access_n and_o recess_n of_o the_o sun_n unto_o the_o four_o cardinal_n point_n of_o this_o circle_n to_o be_v the_o most_o general_a and_o assure_a cause_n of_o the_o year_n successive_a alteration_n upon_o this_o ground_n i_o affirm_v the_o winter_n quarter_n to_o take_v his_o true_a beginning_n at_o what_o time_n the_o sun_n make_v his_o entrance_n into_o the_o tropic_a of_o ♑_o have_v attain_v his_o great_a declination_n southward_o from_o our_o zenith_n or_o vertical_a point_n from_o whence_o divers_a impediment_n evident_a in_o nature_n do_v follow_v which_o bereave_v our_o septentrional_a part_n of_o that_o heat_n and_o vigour_n wherewith_o at_o other_o time_n the_o sun_n be_v near_o and_o more_o elevate_v do_v preserve_v and_o cherish_v the_o element_n and_o all_o thing_n compose_v of_o they_o whether_o vegetable_a or_o sensative_a chap._n ii_o the_o first_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o heat_n and_o light_n in_o summer_n and_o winter_n draw_v from_o the_o diversity_n of_o stay_n above_o the_o horizon_n winter_n for_o whereas_o first_o of_o all_o continuance_n of_o action_n do_v necessary_o add_v force_n of_o operation_n to_o all_o natural_a agent_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o winter_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n remote_a position_n that_o his_o continuance_n above_o the_o horizon_n be_v short_a and_o his_o absence_n under_o the_o same_o long_a thereby_o now_o cause_v the_o short_a day_n and_o long_a night_n for_o example_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n at_o the_o honourable_a city_n of_o london_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v 51._o g_o 32′_o and_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o this_o our_o age_n be_v 23._o g_o 31′_n 30″_n therefore_o in_o the_o winter_n solstice_n the_o sun_n finish_v his_o diurnal_a ark_n to_o they_o of_o this_o city_n in_o 7_o hour_n 34_o minute_n and_o for_o this_o consideration_n can_v heat_v the_o air_n here_o but_o a_o little_a while_n see_v the_o same_o be_v not_o one_o three_o of_o a_o natural_a day_n at_o which_o time_n nevertheless_o he_o remain_v hide_v under_o the_o earth_n more_o than_o twice_o so_o long_o and_o so_o cease_v from_o calefaction_n impart_v no_o benefit_n of_o his_o light_n and_o heat_n to_o we_o at_o all_o whereas_o in_o summer_n the_o sun_n persist_v 16_o whole_a hour_n and_o 26_o minute_n in_o operation_n not_o cease_v above_o seven_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a from_o action_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o absence_n under_o the_o horizon_n wherefore_o look_v what_o proportion_n 7_o hour_n 34_o minute_n have_v to_o 16_o how_o 26_o min_fw-fr the_o like_a difference_n there_o shall_v be_v betwixt_o the_o sun_n operation_n in_o summer_n and_o winter_n in_o respect_n of_o his_o diverse_a stay_n above_o the_o horizon_n which_o not_o to_o be_v too_o scrupulous_a be_v a_o double_a proportion_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o chap._n iii_o the_o second_o reason_n of_o the_o foresay_a difference_n draw_v from_o the_o difference_n of_o union_n in_o the_o beam_n second_o in_o the_o work_n of_o the_o star_n union_n of_o beam_n be_v a_o thing_n regard_v cause_v as_o of_o special_a consequence_n but_o it_o be_v clear_a to_o they_o that_o have_v any_o insight_n in_o the_o optic_n that_o in_o winter_n the_o union_n of_o the_o beam_n incident_a with_o the_o beam_n reflect_v be_v not_o comparable_a with_o that_o which_o the_o great_a altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n cause_v in_o summer_n and_o therefore_o the_o effect_n depend_v upon_o this_o union_n must_v accordly_n be_v increase_v or_o diminish_v in_o proportion_n that_o this_o be_v true_a diagram_n suppose_v a_o b_o in_o the_o first_o figure_n and_o c_o d_o in_o the_o
second_o to_o be_v two_o equal_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n superficies_n whereupon_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n e_o a_o in_o winter_n and_o g_o c_o in_o summer_n do_v fall_v e_o a_o in_o the_o winter_n solstice_n make_v a_o angle_n with_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n h_o a_o b_o of_o 14._o gr_o 56′_n 30″_n viz._n e_o a_o h_o or_o e_o b_o h_o be_v the_o meridian_n altitude_n of_o the_o sun_n at_o london_n upon_o that_o day_n likewise_o let_v g_o c_o k_o or_o g_o d_o k_o be_v admit_v to_o irradiate_v the_o earth_n at_o the_o high_a meridian_n altitude_n in_o the_o summer_n solstice_n at_o a_o angle_n of_o 61_o gr._n 59′_n 30″_n then_o forasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o principle_n of_o the_o optic_n the_o angle_n of_o incidence_n and_o reflection_n be_v evermore_o equal_a a_o f_o in_o the_o first_o figure_n and_o c_o m_o in_o the_o second_o be_v the_o reflect_a beam_n e_o f_o and_o g_o m_n shall_v be_v reverberate_v from_o a_o b_o and_o c_o d_o at_o like_o angle_n with_o their_o proper_a incident_n which_o be_v true_a it_o be_v also_o evident_a that_o because_o the_o inward_a angle_n at_o c_o and_o d_o be_v great_a than_o the_o inward_a angle_n at_o a_o and_o b_o the_o triangle_n c_o l_o d_o shall_v of_o necessity_n be_v great_a than_o the_o triangle_n a_o i_o b._n and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o union_n of_o the_o beam_n incident_a with_o the_o reflect_v happen_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o these_o triangle_n therefore_o of_o consequence_n the_o union_n c_o l_o d_o in_o summer_n be_v so_o much_o great_a than_o the_o union_n of_o a_o i_o b_o in_o winter_n as_o the_o area_n of_o the_o one_o do_v exceed_v the_o area_n of_o the_o other_o which_o be_v about_o or_o rather_o somewhat_o above_o six_o to_o one_o and_o be_v join_v to_o the_o former_a difference_n as_o be_v usual_a in_o addition_n of_o proportion_n prove_v that_o this_o difference_n of_o union_n together_o with_o the_o sun_n stay_v in_o summer_n cause_v the_o heat_n to_o exceed_v that_o which_o we_o receive_v in_o winter_n above_o twelve_o time_n chap._n iv._o the_o three_o reason_n of_o the_o former_a diversity_n proceed_v from_o the_o differ_a quantity_n of_o beam_n a_o three_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n and_o beam_n diminution_n of_o heat_n in_o winter_n proceed_v from_o the_o small_a quantity_n of_o beam_n which_o then_o illustrate_v the_o earth_n superficies_n in_o comparison_n of_o that_o which_o the_o sun_n send_v down_o to_o we_o in_o summer_n for_o as_o the_o specifical_a quality_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o star_n accompany_v their_o light_n so_o it_o be_v also_o true_a that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v convey_v unto_o we_o by_o his_o beam_n wherefore_o the_o few_o the_o beam_n be_v which_o fall_n upon_o the_o horizon_n the_o less_o also_o shall_v be_v the_o heat_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o winter_n the_o sun_n dart_v they_o more_o oblique_a than_o in_o summer_n therefore_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o there_o shall_v not_o so_o many_o beam_n fall_v upon_o the_o plain_a of_o the_o horizon_n at_o the_o oblique_a position_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o winter_n as_o when_o he_o approach_v nigh_a to_o a_o perpendicularity_n in_o summer_n to_o demonstrate_v this_o diagram_n suppose_v q_o o_o and_o q_o p_o to_o be_v two_o divers_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n upon_o which_o the_o same_o beam_n a_o q_o do_v shine_v diverse_o that_o be_v perpendicular_o upon_o the_o superficies_n q_o o_o but_o oblique_o upon_o the_o superficies_n q_o p._n then_o i_o say_v that_o the_o triangle_n q_o o_o p_o who_o angle_n at_o o_o be_v by_o supposition_n a_o right_a angle_n the_o side_n q_o p_o which_o subtend_v the_o say_a angle_n must_v be_v great_a than_o the_o side_n q_o o_o by_o the_o 18_o of_o the_o first_o of_o euclid_n and_o yet_o from_o hence_o we_o see_v it_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o light_n which_o be_v shed_v upon_o q_o p_o the_o oblique_a but_o great_a superâ—…cies_n shall_v fall_v notwithstanding_o upon_o q_o o_o the_o less_o but_o direct_o subject_a to_o the_o beam_n a_o q._n if_o moreover_o we_o take_v a_o â—pace_n q_o v_o in_o the_o great_a superficies_n which_o by_o construction_n shall_v be_v equal_a to_o q_o o_o and_o from_o n_o to_o v_o draw_v down_o a_o parallel_n to_o the_o line_n a_o o_o p_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o beam_n n_o q_o wherewith_o the_o superficies_n q_o v_o be_v illuminate_v be_v but_o a_o part_n of_o the_o beam_n a_o q._n for_o which_o reason_n the_o superficies_n q_o v_o shall_v participate_v but_o part_n also_o of_o that_o heat_n which_o be_v communicate_v to_o the_o superficies_n q_o o_o be_v direct_o subject_a to_o the_o beam_n q_o a_o which_o also_o be_v manifest_a enough_o even_o by_o the_o precedent_a figure_n where_o the_o winter_n beam_n e_o a_o compare_v with_o the_o summer_n beam_n g_o d_o be_v next_o hand_n in_o proportion_n but_o as_o one_o to_o four_o by_o reason_n whereof_o the_o sun_n hardly_o impart_v ¼_o of_o that_o light_n and_o heat_n to_o we_o at_o his_o meridional_a height_n in_o the_o winter_n solstice_n which_o we_o feel_v from_o his_o high_a position_n in_o the_o summer_n this_o diminution_n consider_v with_o the_o former_a impediment_n leave_v we_o not_o above_o the_o forty_o eight_o part_n of_o that_o heat_n in_o winter_n which_o we_o receive_v in_o summer_n from_o the_o sun_n chap._n v._o the_o four_o difference_n cause_v by_o the_o depth_n or_o diverse_a crassitude_n of_o the_o air_n by_o which_o the_o beam_n pass_v neither_o can_v we_o be_v right_o say_v to_o air_n have_v the_o full_a fruition_n of_o this_o portion_n of_o heat_n in_o winter_n by_o reason_n that_o the_o crassitude_n or_o thickness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v then_o more_o object_n to_o the_o sun_n oblique_a beam_n then_o in_o summer_n and_o do_v thereby_o resist_v and_o hinder_v they_o more_o now_o then_o in_o summer_n for_o proof_n hereof_o diagram_n let_v d_o f_o h_o represent_v the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o g_o n_o the_o convex_a superficies_n of_o the_o cloudy_a or_o vaporous_a region_n and_o suppose_v the_o sun_n to_o shine_v upon_o f_o the_o place_n of_o our_o habitation_n from_o three_o several_a point_n z_o a_o b_o z_o be_v the_o vertical_a point_n over_o our_o head_n a_o the_o sun_n summer_n height_n b_o his_o altitude_n in_o winter_n as_o before_o be_v express_v so_o z_o f_o a_o f_o and_o b_o f_o shall_v be_v the_o sun_n beam_n part_v whereof_o viz._n g_o f_o k_n f_o and_o m_o f_o we_o see_v be_v in_o a_o sort_n obscure_v hinder_v and_o resist_v by_o the_o vaporous_a air_n but_o now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o by_o the_o 7_o of_o the_o 3_o of_o euclid_n g_o f_o be_v short_a than_o k_n f_o and_o k_n f_o then_o m_n f_o therefore_o the_o sun_n shall_v of_o necessity_n feel_v less_o impediment_n in_o the_o zenith_n at_o z_o then_o at_o a_o and_o by_o consequence_n at_o a_o then_o at_o b._n because_o still_o the_o further_o the_o sun_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o zenith_n the_o long_o be_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n through_o the_o opposite_a air_n now_o to_o attain_v geometrical_o to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o sun_n debilitate_a force_n through_o this_o impediment_n we_o be_v first_o to_o agree_v how_o deep_a or_o thick_o this_o cloudy_a region_n of_o the_o air_n that_o â—efringeth_v the_o sunbeam_n may_v be_v which_o our_o late_a artist_n to_o who_o great_a credit_n be_v to_o be_v give_v as_o they_o have_v be_v more_o conversant_a and_o curious_a in_o the_o observation_n hereof_o than_o their_o predecessor_n do_v all_o agree_v not_o to_o extend_v three_o english_a mile_n in_o the_o perpendicular_a g_o f_o as_o be_v plain_a unto_o live_v they_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o disputation_n of_o tycho_n rothman_n kepler_n and_o other_o for_o we_o must_v here_o distinguish_v between_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o crepusculum_fw-la and_o this_o vaporous_a air_n which_o be_v so_o little_o elevate_v above_o the_o earth_n that_o hardly_o we_o may_v live_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o some_o hill_n as_o aristotle_n testify_v of_o olympus_n without_o apply_v a_o sponge_n to_o the_o nostril_n for_o want_n of_o this_o thick_a air_n which_o we_o use_v in_o respiration_n the_o like_a do_v josephus_n acosta_n witness_n unto_o we_o of_o the_o seres_z in_o peru_n which_o be_v hardly_o passable_a by_o such_o as_o labour_v to_o overcome_v their_o height_n because_o the_o air_n before_o they_o come_v to_o the_o top_n of_o these_o hill_n grow_v so_o subtle_a and_o attenuate_v and_o to_o add_v something_o of_o my_o own_o experience_n myself_o have_v make_v some_o trial_n of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cloud_n as_o well_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n as_o at_o other_o time_n can_v never_o yet_o find_v