be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o ocean_n which_o notwithstanding_o clasp_v round_o about_o all_o the_o midst_n thereof_o yield_v forth_o and_o receive_v again_o all_o other_o water_n beside_o and_o what_o exhalation_n soever_o that_o go_v out_o for_o cloud_n and_o feed_v withal_o the_o very_a star_n so_o many_o as_o they_o be_v and_o of_o so_o great_a a_o bigness_n what_o a_o mighty_a space_n think_v you_o will_v it_o be_v think_v to_o takeup_v and_o inhabit_v and_o how_o little_o can_v there_o be_v leave_v for_o man_n to_o inhabit_v sure_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o vast_a and_o huge_a a_o deal_n must_v needs_o be_v exceed_v great_a and_o infinite_a what_o say_v you_o then_o to_o this_o that_o of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v leave_v the_o heaven_n have_v take_v away_o the_o great_a part_n for_o whereas_o there_o be_v of_o the_o heaven_n five_o part_n which_o they_o call_v zone_n all_o that_o lie_v under_o the_o two_o utmost_a to_o wit_n on_o both_o side_n about_o the_o pole_n namely_o this_o here_o which_o be_v call_v septentrio_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o over_o against_o it_o name_v the_o south_n it_o be_v overcharge_v with_o extreme_a and_o rigorous_a cold_a yea_o and_o with_o perpetual_a frost_n and_o ice_n in_o both_o zone_n it_o be_v always_o dim_a and_o dark_a and_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o aspect_n of_o the_o more_o mild_a and_o pleasant_a planet_n be_v divert_v clean_o from_o thence_o the_o light_n that_o be_v show_v little_a or_o nothing_o and_o appear_v white_a with_o the_o frost_n only_o now_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o earth_n whereas_o the_o sun_n have_v his_o way_n and_o keep_v his_o course_n scorch_a and_o burn_v with_o flame_n be_v even_o parch_a and_o fry_v again_o with_o the_o hot_a gleam_n thereof_o be_v so_o near_o those_o two_o only_a on_o either_o side_n about_o it_o namely_o between_o this_o burn_a zone_n and_o the_o two_o freeze_a be_v temperate_a and_o even_o those_o have_v not_o access_n and_o passage_n the_o one_o to_o the_o other_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o burn_a heat_n of_o the_o say_a planet_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o the_o heaven_n have_v take_v from_o the_o earth_n three_o part_n and_o what_o the_o ocean_n have_v pluck_v from_o it_o beside_o no_o man_n know_v and_o even_o that_o one_o portion_n remain_v unto_o we_o i_o wot_v not_o whether_o it_o be_v not_o in_o great_a danger_n also_o for_o the_o same_o ocean_n enter_v as_o we_o will_v show_v into_o many_o arm_n and_o creek_n keep_v a_o roar_n against_o the_o other_o gulf_n and_o sea_n within_o the_o earth_n and_o so_o near_o come_v unto_o they_o that_o the_o arabian_a gulf_n be_v not_o from_o the_o egyptian_a sea_n above_o 115_o mile_n the_o caspian_a likewise_o from_o the_o pontic_a but_o 375._o yea_o and_o the_o same_o flow_v between_o and_o enter_v into_o so_o many_o arm_n as_o that_o thereby_o it_o divide_v africa_n europe_n and_o asia_n asunder_o now_o what_o a_o quantity_n of_o land_n it_o take_v up_o may_v be_v collect_v and_o reckon_v at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o measure_n and_o proportion_n of_o so_o many_o river_n and_o so_o great_a meres_n add_v thereto_o both_o lake_n and_o pool_n and_o withal_o take_v from_o the_o earth_n the_o high_a mountain_n bear_v up_o their_o head_n aloft_o into_o the_o sky_n so_o as_o the_o eye_n can_v hardly_o reach_v their_o height_n the_o wood_n beside_o and_o steep_a descent_n of_o the_o valley_n the_o wilderness_n and_o waste_n wilde_v leave_v desert_n upon_o a_o thousand_o cause_n these_o so_o many_o piece_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o rather_o as_o most_o have_v write_v this_o little-pricke_a of_o the_o world_n for_o sure_o the_o earth_n be_v nothing_o else_o in_o comparison_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v the_o only_a matter_n of_o our_o glory_n this_o i_o say_v be_v the_o very_a feat_n thereof_o here_o we_o seek_v for_o honour_n and_o dignity_n here_o we_o exercise_v our_o rule_n and_o authority_n here_o we_o covet_v wealth_n and_o riches_n here_o all_o mankind_n be_v set_v upon_o stir_n and_o trouble_n here_o we_o raise_v civil_a war_n still_o one_o after_o another_o and_o with_o mutual_a massacre_n and_o murder_n we_o make_v more_o room_n in_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o let_v pass_v the_o public_a furious_a rage_n of_o nation_n abroad_o this_o be_v it_o wherein_o we_o chase_v and_o drive_v out_o our_o neighbour_n borderer_n and_o by_o stealth_n dig_v turf_n from_o their_o soil_n to_o put_v unto_o our_o own_o and_o when_o a_o man_n have_v extend_v his_o land_n and_o get_v whole_a country_n to_o himself_o far_o and_o near_o what_o a_o goodly_a deal_n of_o earth_n enjoy_v he_o and_o say_v that_o he_o set_v out_o his_o bound_n to_o the_o full_a measure_n of_o his_o covetous_a desire_n what_o a_o great_a portion_n thereof_o shall_v he_o hold_v when_o he_o be_v once_o dead_a and_o his_o head_n lay_v low_a chap._n lxix_o ¶_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o world_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n it_o appear_v by_o manifest_a and_o undoubted_a reason_n but_o most_o evident_o by_o the_o equal_a hour_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a for_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n the_o astrolabe_n and_o instrument_n call_v diophae_fw-la have_v prove_v that_o night_n and_o day_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v find_v equal_a and_o those_o abovesaid_a instrument_n above_o all_o other_o confirm_v the_o same_o see_v that_o in_o the_o equinoctial_a by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o line_n both_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n be_v see_v but_o the_o summer_n sun_n rise_v and_o the_o winter_n set_v by_o their_o own_o several_a line_n which_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n happen_v but_o that_o the_o earth_n rest_v in_o the_o centre_n chap._n lxx_o ¶_o of_o the_o unequal_a rise_n of_o the_o star_n of_o the_o eclipse_n both_o where_o and_o how_o it_o come_v now_o three_o circle_n there_o be_v enfold_v within_o the_o zone_n afore_o name_v which_o distinguish_v the_o inequality_n of_o the_o day_n namely_o the_o summer_n solstitial_a tropic_n from_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o zodiac_n in_o regard_n of_o we_o towards_o the_o north_n climb_v and_o against_o it_o another_o call_v the_o winter_n tropic_n towards_o the_o other_o southern_a pole_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o equinoctial_a which_o go_v in_o the_o mid_n of_o the_o zodiac_n circle_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o rest_n which_o we_o wonder_v at_o be_v in_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o very_a earth_n which_o together_o with_o the_o water_n be_v by_o the_o same_o argument_n know_v to_o be_v like_o a_o globe_n for_o so_o doubtless_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o with_o we_o the_o star_n about_o the_o north_n pole_n never_o go_v down_o and_o those_o contrariwise_o about_o the_o meridian_n never_o rise_v and_o again_o these_o here_o be_v not_o see_v of_o they_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n swell_v up_o in_o the_o mid_n between_o again_o trogloditine_n and_o egypt_n confine_v next_o upon_o it_o never_o set_v eye_n upon_o the_o north_n pole_n star_n neither_o have_v italy_n a_o sight_n of_o canopus_n name_v also_o berenice_n hair_n likewise_o another_o which_o under_o the_o empire_n of_o augustus_n man_n surname_v caesaris_fw-la thronon_n yet_o be_v they_o star_n there_o of_o special_a mark_n and_o so_o evident_o bend_v the_o top_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o rise_n that_o canopus_n at_o alexandria_n seem_v to_o the_o beholder_n elevate_v above_o the_o earth_n almost_o one_o four_o part_n of_o a_o sign_n but_o if_o a_o man_n look_v from_o rhodes_n the_o same_o appear_v after_o a_o sort_n to_o touch_v the_o very_a horizon_n and_o in_o pontus_n where_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o north_n pole_n be_v high_a not_o see_v at_o all_o yea_o and_o this_o same_o pole_n at_o rhodes_n be_v hide_v but_o most_o in_o alexandria_n in_o arabia_n all_o hide_v it_o be_v at_o the_o first_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n in_o november_n but_o at_o the_o second_o it_o show_v in_o meroe_n at_o midsummer_n in_o the_o evening_n it_o appear_v for_o a_o while_n but_o some_o few_o day_n before_o the_o rise_n of_o arcturus_n see_v it_o be_v with_o the_o very_a dawn_n of_o the_o day_n sailor_n by_o their_o voyage_n find_v out_o and_o know_v these_o star_n most_o of_o any_o other_o by_o reason_n that_o some_o sea_n be_v opposite_a unto_o some_o star_n but_o other_o lie_v flat_a and_o incline_v forward_o to_o other_o for_o that_o also_o those_o pole_n star_n appear_v sudden_o and_o rise_v out_o of_o the_o sea_n which_o lie_v hide_v before_o under_o the_o wind_a compass_n as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o ball_n for_o the_o heaven_n rise_v not_o aloft_o in_o this_o high_a pole_n as_o some_o man_n have_v give_v out_o else_o shall_v
little_o less_o than_o 25000_o stadia_fw-la chap._n cix_o ¶_o the_o harmonical_a measure_n and_o circumference_n of_o the_o world_n dionysidorus_n in_o another_o kind_n will_v be_v believe_v for_o i_o will_v not_o beguile_v you_o of_o the_o great_a example_n of_o grecian_a vanity_n this_o man_n be_v a_o melian_n famous_a for_o his_o skill_n in_o geometry_n he_o die_v very_o age_v in_o his_o own_o country_n his_o near_a kins-woman_n who_o by_o right_n be_v his_o heir_n in_o remainder_n solemnize_v his_o funeral_n &_o accompany_v he_o to_o his_o grave_n these_o woman_n as_o they_o come_v some_o few_o day_n after_o to_o his_o sepulchre_n for_o to_o perform_v some_o solemn_a obsequy_n thereto_o belong_v by_o report_n find_v in_o his_o monument_n a_o epistle_n of_o this_o dionysidorus_n write_v in_o his_o own_o name_n to_z they_o above_o that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o live_n and_o to_o this_o effect_n namely_o that_o he_o have_v make_v a_o step_n from_o his_o sepulchre_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o it_o be_v thither_o 42000_o stadia_fw-la neither_o want_v there_o geometrician_n who_o make_v this_o interpretation_n that_o he_o signify_v that_o this_o epistle_n be_v send_v from_o the_o middle_a centre_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o which_o place_n downward_o from_o the_o uppermost_a aloft_o the_o way_n be_v long_a and_o the_o same_o be_v just_a half_a the_o diametre_fw-la of_o the_o round_a globe_n whereupon_o follow_v this_o computation_n that_o they_o pronounce_v the_o circuit_n to_o be_v 255000_o stadia_fw-la now_o the_o harmonical_a proportion_n which_o force_v this_o universalitic_a and_o nature_n of_o the_o world_n to_o agree_v unto_o itself_o add_v unto_o this_o measure_n 7000_o stadia_fw-la and_o so_o make_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o 96000_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o proem_n or_o preface_n hit_v herto_o have_v we_o write_v of_o the_o position_n and_o wonder_n of_o the_o earth_n water_n and_o star_n also_o we_o have_v treat_v in_o general_a term_n of_o the_o proportion_n and_o measure_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n now_o it_o follow_v to_o discourse_v of_o the_o part_n thereof_o albeit_o this_o also_o be_v judge_v a_o infinite_a piece_n of_o work_n nor_o light_o can_v be_v handle_v without_o some_o reprehension_n and_o yet_o in_o no_o kind_n of_o enterprise_n pardon_n be_v more_o due_a since_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n at_o all_o if_o he_o who_o be_v bear_v a_o mortal_a man_n know_v not_o all_o thing_n belong_v to_o man_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v not_o follow_v one_o author_n more_o than_o another_o but_o every_o one_o as_o i_o shall_v think_v he_o most_o true_a in_o the_o description_n of_o each_o part_n forasmuch_o as_o this_o have_v be_v a_o thing_n common_a in_o manner_n to_o they_o all_o namely_o to_o learn_v or_o describe_v the_o situation_n of_o those_o place_n most_o exact_o where_o themselves_o be_v either_o bear_v or_o which_o they_o have_v discover_v and_o see_v and_o therefore_o neither_o will_v i_o blame_v nor_o reprove_v any_o man_n the_o bare_a name_n of_o place_n shall_v be_v simple_o set_v down_o in_o this_o my_o geographic_a and_o that_o with_o as_o great_a brevity_n as_o i_o can_v the_o excellency_n as_o also_o the_o cause_n and_o occasion_n thereof_o shall_v be_v defer_v to_o their_o sever_n all_o and_o particular_a treatise_n for_o now_o the_o question_n be_v as_o touch_v the_o whole_a earth_n in_o generality_n which_o my_o intent_n be_v to_o represent_v unto_o your_o eye_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v have_v thing_n thus_o to_o be_v take_v as_o if_o the_o name_n of_o country_n be_v put_v down_o nâ—…ked_a and_o void_a of_o renown_n and_o fame_n and_o such_o only_a as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o beginning_n before_o any_o act_n there_o do_v and_o as_o if_o they_o have_v indeed_o a_o indument_n of_o name_n but_o respective_a only_o to_o the_o 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nepos_n cornelius_n have_v report_v that_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a be_v seven_o mile_n over_o but_o ten_o mile_n where_o it_o be_v broad_o from_o so_o small_a amouth_n a_o wonder_n to_o consider_v spread_v the_o sea_n so_o huge_a and_o so_o vast_a as_o we_o see_v and_o withal_o so_o exceed_v deep_a as_o the_o marvel_n be_v no_o less_o in_o that_o regard_n for_o why_o in_o the_o very_a mouth_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v see_v many_o bar_n and_o shallow_a shelf_n of_o white_a sand_n so_o ebb_n be_v the_o water_n to_o the_o great_a terror_n of_o ship_n and_o sailor_n pass_v that_o way_n and_o therefore_o many_o have_v call_v those_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n the_o entry_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n of_o both_o side_n of_o this_o gullet_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v two_o mountain_n set_v as_o frontier_n and_o rampier_n to_o keep_v all_o in_o namely_o abila_n for_o africa_n calpe_n for_o europe_n the_o utmost_a end_n of_o hercules_n labour_n for_o which_o cause_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o those_o part_n call_v they_o the_o two_o pillar_n of_o that_o god_n and_o do_v very_o believe_v that_o by_o certain_a drain_v and_o ditch_n dig_v within_o the_o continent_n the_o main_a ocean_n before_o exclude_v make_v way_n and_o be_v let_v in_o to_o make_v the_o mediterranean_a sea_n where_o before_o be_v firm_a land_n and_o so_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o very_a face_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v clean_o alter_v chap._n i._n ¶_o of_o europe_n and_o first_o as_o touch_v europe_n the_o nurse_n of_o that_o people_n which_o be_v the_o conqueror_n of_o all_o nation_n and_o beside_o of_o all_o land_n by_o many_o degree_n most_o beautiful_a which_o may_v for_o right_n good_a cause_n have_v make_v not_o the_o three_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o one_o half_a divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o two_o part_n to_o wit_n from_o the_o river_n tanais_n unto_o the_o straits_n of_o gades_n the_o ocean_n then_o at_o this_o space_n abovesaid_a enter_v into_o the_o atlantic_a sea_n and_o with_o a_o greedy_a current_n drown_v those_o land_n which_o dread_v his_o come_n like_o a_o tyrant_n but_o where_o he_o meet_v with_o any_o that_o be_v like_a to_o resist_v those_o he_o pass_v just_a by_o and_o with_o his_o wind_a turn_n and_o reach_v he_o eat_v and_o hollow_v the_o shore_n continual_o to_o gain_v ground_n make_v many_o nouke_n and_o creek_n every_o where_o but_o in_o europe_n most_o of_o all_o wherein_o four_o especial_a great_a gulf_n be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o which_o the_o first_o from_o calpe_n the_o utmost_a promontory_n as_o be_v above_o say_v of_o spain_n wind_v and_o turn_v with_o a_o exceed_a great_a compass_n to_o locri_n and_o as_o far_o as_o the_o promontory_n brutium_fw-la within_o it_o lie_v the_o first_o land_n of_o all_o other_o spain_n that_o part_n i_o mean_v which_o in_o regard_n of_o we_o at_o rome_n be_v the_o far_o off_o and_o be_v name_v also_o boetica_fw-la and_o anon_o from_o the_o firth_n virgitanus_fw-la the_o hither_o part_n otherwise_o call_v tarraconensis_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o hill_n pyrenaei_n that_o far_a part_n of_o large_a spain_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o province_n in_o the_o length_n thereof_o for_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o boetica_fw-la lie_v lusitania_n afront_o divide_v from_o it_o by_o the_o river_n ana._n this_o river_n begin_v in_o the_o territory_n laminitanus_fw-la of_o the_o hither_o spain_n one_o while_n spread_v out_o itself_o into_o broad_a pool_n or_o mere_a otherwhiles_o gather_v into_o narrow_a brook_n or_o altogether_o hide_v under_o the_o ground_n and_o take_v pleasure_n to_o rise_v up_o oftentimes_o in_o many_o place_n fall_v into_o the_o spanish_a atlantic_a ocean_n but_o the_o part_n name_v tarraconensis_n lie_v fast_o upon_o pyrenaeus_n &_o shoot_v along_o all_o
hollow_a level_a flore_fw-la of_o earth_n whereupon_o also_o it_o be_v call_v planaria_n resemble_v a_o even_o plain_a and_o in_o very_a truth_n this_o valley_n contain_v in_o circuit_n 300_o mile_n wherein_o be_v tree_n to_o be_v see_v that_o grow_v up_o in_o height_n to_o 144_o foot_n as_o for_o the_o island_n name_v fortunatae_n juba_n learn_v thus_o much_o by_o diligent_a inquisition_n that_o they_o lie_v from_o the_o south_n near_o to_o the_o west_n 625_o mile_n from_o the_o island_n purpurariae_n where_o they_o die_v purple_a so_o as_o to_o come_v thither_o a_o man_n must_v sail_v 250_o mile_n above_o the_o west_n and_o then_o for_o 75_o mile_n more_o bend_v his_o course_n eastward_o he_o say_v also_o that_o the_o first_o of_o these_o island_n be_v call_v ombrion_n wherein_o eat_v to_o be_v see_v no_o token_n or_o show_v at_o all_o of_o house_n also_o that_o among_o the_o mountain_n it_o have_v a_o lake_n or_o mere_a and_o tree_n resemble_v the_o plant_n ferula_fw-la out_o of_o 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building_n which_o give_v testimony_n that_o sometime_o it_o be_v inhabit_v and_o people_v and_o as_o all_o these_o island_n general_o do_v abound_v plentiful_o in_o fruitful_a tree_n &_o fly_a foul_n of_o all_o sort_n so_o this_o above_o the_o rest_n name_v canaria_n be_v replenish_v with_o row_n of_o date_n tree_n that_o bear_v abundance_n of_o date_n and_o likewise_o with_o pine_n tree_n that_o yield_v store_n of_o pine_n nut_n furthermore_o he_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o honey_n in_o it_o that_o the_o river_n therein_o be_v well_o store_v with_o fish_n and_o the_o sturgeon_n especial_o in_o which_o there_o grow_v the_o red_a papyrus_fw-la as_o ordinary_o as_o in_o nilus_n howbeit_o in_o conclusion_n he_o say_v that_o these_o isle_n be_v much_o annoy_v with_o great_a whale_n and_o such_o monster_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o daily_o be_v cast_v upon_o the_o shore_n which_o lie_v above_o ground_n &_o putrify_v like_o carrion_n thus_o have_v at_o large_a go_v through_o the_o description_n of_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o without_o as_o within_o it_o remain_v now_o to_o knit_v up_o brief_o with_o the_o measure_n and_o compass_v of_o the_o sea_n chap._n xxxiii_o ¶_o a_o summarie_n of_o the_o earth_n digest_v according_a to_o the_o dimension_n thereof_o polybius_n say_v that_o from_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n unto_o the_o very_a mouth_n and_o firth_n of_o moeotis_n it_o be_v find_v by_o a_o direct_a and_o straight_a course_n to_o be_v 3437_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a begin_v there_o again_o and_o hold_v on_o a_o right_a course_n eastward_o to_o sicily_n it_o be_v 1260_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a from_o thence_o forward_o to_o the_o island_n creta_n 375_o mile_n forward_o to_o rhodes_n 146_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a to_o the_o chelidoniâ—…e_n isle_n as_o much_o and_o so_o to_o cyprus_n 325_o mile_n from_o whence_o to_o seleucia_n pieria_n in_o syria_n 115_o mile_n which_o particular_n be_v lay_v together_o make_v by_o 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take_v by_o philosopher_n and_o learned_a man_n without_o armour_n and_o weapon_n in_o hand_n of_o man_n i_o say_v who_o have_v not_o fear_v to_o hazard_v themselves_o bold_o and_o provoke_v fortune_n in_o traverse_v the_o sea_n so_o far_o off_o now_o be_v we_o to_o compare_v respective_o the_o greatness_n of_o each_o part_n of_o the_o world_n in_o several_a notwithstanding_o that_o i_o shall_v find_v much_o ado_n and_o difficulty_n enough_o therein_o consider_v the_o disagreement_n of_o author_n in_o that_o behalf_n but_o most_o plain_o shall_v this_o appear_v which_o we_o seek_v for_o by_o join_v longitude_n &_o latitude_n together_o according_a to_o which_o prescript_n rule_v to_o begin_v with_o europe_n it_o may_v well_o contain_v in_o largeness_n 8148_o mile_n africa_n take_v the_o middle_n and_o mean_a computation_n between_o they_o all_o that_o have_v set_v it_o down_o contain_v in_o length_n 3748_o mile_n as_o for_o the_o breadth_n of_o so_o much_o as_o be_v know_v and_o 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as_o all_o africa_n &_o a_o six_o part_n over_o reduce_v now_o all_o these_o sum_n together_o it_o will_v be_v find_v clear_a that_o europe_n be_v a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n &_o a_o eight_o portion_n over_o and_o somewhat_o more_o asia_n a_o four_o part_n with_o a_o over-deale_a of_o 14_o and_o africa_n a_o five_o part_n with_o a_o overplus_a of_o a_o sixty_v portion_n to_o this_o calculation_n we_o will_v set_v to_o as_o it_o be_v to_o boot_v one_o subtle_a devise_n &_o invention_n more_o of_o the_o greek_n which_o show_v their_o singular_a wit_n to_o the_o end_n we_o shall_v omit_v nothing_o that_o may_v serve_v our_o turn_n in_o this_o geography_n of_o we_o and_o that_o be_v this_o after_o that_o the_o positure_n and_o site_n of_o every_o region_n be_v know_v and_o set_v down_o how_o a_o man_n may_v likewise_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n what_o society_n and_o agreement_n there_o be_v between_o the_o one_o &_o the_o other_o either_o by_o length_n of_o day_n and_o night_n by_o the_o shadow_n at_o noon_n day_n or_o by_o equality_n of_o climate_n of_o the_o world_n to_o bring_v this_o about_o effectual_o i_o must_v part_v and_o digest_v the_o whole_a earth_n into_o certain_a section_n or_o even_a portion_n answerable_a to_o those_o in_o heaven_n whereof_o there_o be_v very_o many_o which_o our_o astronomer_n and_o mathematician_n call_v circle_n but_o the_o greek_n parallel_n chap._n xxxiv_o ¶_o the_o division_n of_o the_o earth_n into_o climate_n or_o line_n parallel_v and_o equal_a shadow_n for_o to_o make_v a_o equal_a partition_n of_o the_o world_n begin_v we_o will_v at_o the_o meridional_a indian_n &_o go_v direct_o as_o far_o as_o arabia_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n under_o this_o climate_n be_v compreprise_v the_o gedrosian_o
itself_o by_o carry_v too_o great_a a_o burden_n also_o another_o burgeon_v there_o be_v close_o to_o he_o bearing_z out_o like_o a_o knob_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o wart_n call_v he_o be_v furunculus_n who_o must_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o make_v supply_n if_o peradventure_o the_o foresay_a watch_n or_o keeper_n fail_v moreover_o a_o vine_n if_o it_o be_v suffer_v to_o bear_v before_o the_o seven_o year_n after_o it_o be_v first_o set_v of_o a_o cut_n or_o sion_fw-la decay_v sensible_o and_o soon_o die_v neither_o be_v it_o think_v good_a to_o let_v the_o old_a wood_n run_v on_o still_o in_o length_n upon_o the_o frame_n as_o far_o as_o to_o the_o four_o fork_n that_o underprop_v it_o such_o old_a crooked_a branch_n some_o call_n dracones_fw-la other_o juniculos_fw-la to_o make_v thereof_o huge_a and_o great_a trail_n of_o vine_n term_v masculeta_n but_o worst_a of_o all_o it_o be_v to_o seem_v for_o to_o propagate_v or_o draw_v in_o a_o long_a trail_n within_o the_o ground_n vine_n in_o a_o vineyard_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v hard_o with_o age_n when_o the_o vine_n be_v five_o year_n old_a a_o man_n may_v bold_o wind_v and_o twine_v the_o very_a branch_n so_o as_o out_o of_o every_o one_o there_o be_v a_o twig_n let_v to_o grow_v at_o liberty_n thus_o he_o may_v proceed_v forward_o to_o the_o next_o cut_v away_o the_o wood_n as_o he_o go_v that_o bare_a before_o the_o sure_a way_n evermore_o be_v suppose_v to_o leave_v the_o watch_n or_o keeper_n behinâ—…_n marry_o he_o must_v be_v next_o unto_o the_o vine_n main_a body_n and_o near_a the_o root_n and_o no_o long_a than_o be_v before_o set_v down_o now_o in_o case_n the_o branch_n prove_v over_o rank_n they_o must_v be_v writhe_v and_o twist_v in_o manner_n aforesaid_a so_o as_o the_o vine_n stock_n may_v put_v forth_o no_o more_o than_o four_o bough_n at_o the_o most_o or_o twain_o if_o so_o be_v it_o rest_v upon_o one_o chanter_n or_o range_v of_o perch_n if_o you_o will_v order_v a_o vine_n so_o as_o it_o may_v stand_v alone_o without_o any_o prop_n at_o the_o beginning_n it_o will_v desire_v and_o have_v some_o supporter_n or_o other_o it_o make_v no_o matter_n what_o to_o rest_n upon_o until_o it_o have_v learned_a to_o stand_v of_o itself_o &_o rise_v upright_o afterward_o it_o be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o manner_n of_o all_o other_o vine_n when_o this_o train_n be_v past_a this_o regard_n will_v be_v have_v in_o prune_v and_o cut_v the_o twig_n of_o these_o vine_n call_v policy_n that_o a_o man_n well_o guide_v and_o balance_v his_o hand_n and_o go_v even_o withal_o in_o every_o part_n indifferent_o for_o fear_v lest_o one_o side_n be_v charge_v with_o fruit_n or_o branch_n more_o than_o the_o other_o where_o by_o the_o way_n he_o must_v also_o remember_v to_o keep_v down_o the_o head_n and_o not_o suffer_v it_o in_o any_o wise_a to_o run_v up_o in_o height_n for_o if_o this_o kind_n of_o vine_n be_v above_o three_o foot_n high_a it_o will_v hang_v the_o head_n downward_o as_o for_o other_o they_o may_v well_o grow_v to_o five_o foot_n and_o upward_o so_o that_o they_o pass_v not_o in_o any_o case_n the_o full_a height_n of_o a_o man_n to_o come_v now_o unto_o the_o other_o vine_n that_o creep_v along_o and_o spread_v over_o the_o ground_n they_o be_v environ_v all_o the_o way_n as_o they_o run_v with_o pretty_a short_a hollow_a cage_n as_o it_o be_v to_o rest_v and_o repose_v their_o branch_n in_o they_o have_v need_v moreover_o of_o certain_a trench_n or_o ditch_n round_o about_o to_o run_v in_o to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o the_o say_a branch_n wander_v too_o and_o fro_o they_o shall_v not_o encounter_v one_o another_o and_o strive_v together_o and_o very_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o world_n they_o use_v to_o gather_v their_o vintage_n of_o vine_n thus_o grow_v low_o by_o the_o ground_n as_o we_o may_v see_v the_o manner_n be_v in_o africa_n egypt_n syria_n throughout_o all_o asia_n and_o in_o many_o place_n of_o europe_n for_o the_o good_a usage_n and_o dress_n of_o these_o vine_n a_o special_a care_n will_v be_v have_v to_o keep_v they_o down_o close_o to_o the_o earth_n and_o to_o fortify_v the_o root_n so_o long_o and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v show_v before_o in_o those_o that_o be_v shore_v or_o bear_v upon_o frame_n with_o this_o charge_n and_o regard_v beside_o to_o leave_v always_o the_o short_a twig_n only_o call_v policy_n with_o three_o bud_n a_o piece_n in_o case_n the_o ground_n be_v fruitful_a or_o twain_o five_o if_o it_o be_v light_a and_o lean_a and_o in_o one_o word_n better_o it_o be_v without_o all_o question_n that_o they_o be_v leave_v many_o than_o long_o as_o for_o those_o point_n which_o we_o have_v deliver_v heretofore_o as_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n they_o will_v be_v more_o effectual_o see_v to_o prove_v either_o the_o goodness_n or_o the_o contrary_a in_o the_o grape_n of_o this_o vine_n by_o how_o much_o near_o they_o lie_v to_o the_o ground_n than_o other_o wherein_o consideration_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o the_o sundry_a sort_n of_o vine_n namely_o that_o they_o be_v sever_v apart_o and_o nothing_o be_v better_a than_o to_o sort_v every_o one_o with_o the_o tract_n or_o region_n that_o agree_v best_a with_o it_o and_o therein_o to_o plant_v they_o according_o for_o these_o mixture_n of_o diverse_a kind_n be_v never_o good_a but_o always_o discordant_a naught_o in_o old_a wine_n that_o come_v to_o our_o table_n much_o worse_a than_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a in_o those_o that_o be_v new_a and_o not_o yet_o tun_v up_o but_o if_o a_o man_n will_v intermingle_v plant_n of_o sundry_a vine_n together_o yet_o in_o any_o case_n those_o will_v be_v join_v together_o and_o none_o else_o which_o ripen_v their_o fruit_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n for_o frame_n and_o trail_v wherein_o vine_n be_v to_o run_v the_o better_a and_o more_o battle_n that_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o vineyard_n be_v the_o plain_a and_o evener_n that_o it_o lie_v the_o high_a they_o will_v be_v from_o the_o ground_n likewise_o if_o the_o place_n be_v subject_a to_o dew_n fog_n and_o mist_n and_o nothing_o expose_v to_o the_o wind_n contrariwise_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v lean_a and_o dry_a hot_a and_o open_a to_o the_o wind_n they_o must_v be_v the_o low_a and_o near_o the_o earth_n as_o concern_v the_o rafter_n that_o lie_v over_o &_o reach_v from_o prop_n to_o prop_v they_o ought_v to_o be_v tie_v and_o fasten_v thereto_o with_o as_o straight_o and_o sure_o a_o knot_n as_o be_v possible_a whereas_o the_o vine_n will_v be_v bind_v unto_o they_o but_o slack_a of_o the_o sundry_a sort_n of_o vine_n as_o also_o which_o be_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o this_o or_o that_o soil_n and_o what_o coast_n &_o climate_n each_o one_o of_o they_o love_v we_o have_v show_v sufficient_o in_o the_o particular_a treatise_n of_o their_o nature_n and_o of_o the_o wine_n that_o come_v of_o they_o touch_v all_o other_o point_n of_o husbandry_n that_o remain_v behind_o much_o doubt_n and_o diverse_a question_n be_v make_v for_o many_o there_o be_v that_o fear_n not_o all_o summer_n long_o to_o be_v dig_v in_o the_o vineyard_n about_o vine-root_n after_o every_o little_a rain_n other_o again_o forbid_v to_o meddle_v &_o be_v lusty_a therein_o in_o the_o bud_a time_n for_o it_o can_v be_v avoid_v but_o that_o the_o young_a oilet_n will_v either_o be_v smite_v off_o clean_o or_o else_o gall_v or_o bruise_v one_o time_n or_o other_o with_o their_o gate_n that_o go_v in_o and_o out_o between_o which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o will_v have_v all_o kind_n of_o cattle_n to_o be_v keep_v out_o that_o they_o come_v not_o near_o and_o especial_o such_o as_o bear_v wool_n on_o their_o back_n for_o sheep_n of_o all_o other_o soon_o rub_v off_o the_o bud_n as_o they_o pass_v by_o with_o their_o shag_a coat_n moreover_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o all_o manner_n of_o rake_v and_o harrow_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o vine_n when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o flower_n and_o put_v forth_o young_a grape_n and_o sufficient_a it_o be_v say_v they_o if_o a_o vineyard_n be_v delve_v thrice_o in_o one_o year_n to_o wit_n first_o from_o the_o spring_n aequinox_n to_o the_o apparition_n of_o the_o brood-hen_n star_n second_o at_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o great_a dog_n star_n and_o three_o when_o the_o grape_n begin_v to_o change_v colour_n and_o turn_v black_a other_o set_v out_o these_o time_n after_o this_o manner_n if_o the_o vineyard_n be_v old_a they_o will_v have_v it_o once_o dig_v between_o vintage_n and_o midwinter_n howsoever_o some_o be_v of_o this_o mind_n that_o it_o suffice_v they_o to_o bare_a
not_o make_v twenty_o and_o many_o such_o thing_n of_o like_a sort_n whereby_o no_o doubt_n be_v evident_o prove_v the_o power_n of_o nature_n and_o how_o it_o be_v she_o and_o nothing_o else_o which_o we_o call_v god_n i_o think_v it_o not_o impertinent_a thus_o to_o divert_v and_o digress_v to_o these_o point_n so_o common_o divulge_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o usual_a and_o ordinary_a question_n as_o touch_v the_o essence_n of_o god_n chap._n viii_o ¶_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o planet_n and_o their_o circuit_n let_v we_o return_v now_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o nature_n work_n the_o star_n which_o we_o say_v be_v fix_v in_o heaven_n be_v not_o as_o the_o common_a sort_n think_v assign_v to_o every_o one_o of_o we_o and_o appoint_v to_o man_n respective_o namely_o the_o bright_a &_o fair_a for_o the_o rich_a the_o less_o for_o the_o poor_a the_o dim_a for_o the_o weak_a the_o age_a and_o feeble_a neither_o shine_v they_o out_o more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o lot_n and_o fortune_n of_o every_o one_o nor_o arise_v they_o each_o one_o together_o with_o that_o person_n unto_o who_o they_o be_v appropriate_a and_o die_v likewise_o with_o the_o same_o ne_o yet_o as_o they_o set_v and_o fall_v do_v they_o signify_v that_o any_o body_n be_v dead_a there_o be_v not_o iwis_o so_o great_a society_n between_o heaven_n and_o we_o as_o that_o together_o with_o the_o fatal_a necessity_n of_o our_o death_n the_o shine_a light_n of_o the_o star_n shall_v in_o token_n of_o sorrow_n go_v out_o and_o become_v mortal_a as_o for_o they_o the_o truth_n be_v this_o when_o they_o be_v think_v to_o fall_v they_o do_v but_o shoot_v from_o they_o a_o deal_n of_o fire_n even_o of_o that_o abundance_n and_o overmuch_o nutriment_n which_o they_o have_v get_v by_o the_o attraction_n os_fw-la humidity_n and_o moisture_n unto_o they_o like_a as_o we_o also_o observe_v daily_o in_o the_o wike_v and_o match_n of_o lamp_n or_o candle_n burn_v with_o the_o liquor_n of_o oil_n moreover_o the_o celestial_a body_n which_o make_v and_o frame_v the_o world_n and_o in_o that_o frame_n be_v compact_v and_o knit_v together_o have_v a_o immortal_a nature_n and_o their_o power_n and_o influence_n extend_v much_o to_o the_o earth_n which_o by_o their_o effect_n and_o operation_n by_o their_o light_n and_o greatness_n may_v be_v know_v notwithstanding_o they_o be_v so_o high_a and_o subtle_a withal_o as_o we_o shall_v in_o due_a place_n make_v demonstration_n the_o manner_n likewise_o of_o the_o heavenly_a circle_n and_o zone_n shall_v be_v show_v more_o fit_o in_o our_o geographical_a treatise_n of_o the_o earth_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o consideration_n thereof_o appertain_v whole_o thereunto_o only_o we_o will_v not_o put_v off_o but_o present_o declare_v the_o deviser_n of_o the_o zodiac_n wherein_o the_o sign_n be_v the_o obliquity_n and_o crookedness_n thereof_o anaximander_n the_o milesian_n be_v report_v to_o have_v observe_v first_o and_o thereby_o open_v the_o gate_n and_o passage_n to_o astronomy_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o this_o happen_v in_o the_o 58_o olympias_n afterward_o clâ—…ostratus_n mark_v the_o sign_n therein_o and_o namely_o those_o first_o of_o aries_n and_o sagitarius_n as_o for_o the_o sphere_n itself_o atlas_n devise_v long_o before_o now_o for_o this_o time_n we_o will_v leave_v the_o very_a body_n of_o the_o starry_a heaven_n and_o treat_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n between_o it_o and_o the_o earth_n certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o planet_n which_o they_o call_v saturn_n be_v the_o high_a and_o therefore_o seem_v least_o also_o that_o he_o keep_v his_o course_n and_o perform_v his_o revolution_n in_o the_o great_a circle_n of_o all_o and_o in_o thirty_o year_n space_n at_o the_o soon_o return_v again_o to_o the_o point_n of_o his_o first_o place_n moreover_o that_o the_o move_n of_o all_o the_o planet_n and_o withal_o of_o sun_n and_o moon_n go_v a_o contrary_a course_n unto_o the_o starry_a heaven_n namely_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n i._n eastward_o whereas_o the_o say_a heaven_n always_o hasten_v to_o the_o right_o i._n westward_n and_o albeit_o in_o that_o continual_a turn_n with_o exceed_v celerity_n those_o planet_n be_v lift_v up_o alost_a and_o carry_v by_o it_o forcible_a into_o the_o west_n and_o there_o set_v yet_o by_o a_o contrary_a motion_n of_o their_o own_o they_o pass_v every_o one_o through_o their_o several_a way_n eastward_o and_o all_o for_o this_o that_o the_o air_n roll_v ever_o one_o way_n and_o to_o the_o same_o part_n by_o the_o continual_a turn_n of_o the_o heaven_n shall_v not_o stand_v still_o grow_v dull_a &_o as_o it_o be_v congeal_v while_o the_o globe_n thereof_o rest_v idle_a but_o dissolve_v and_o cleave_v part_v thus_o &_o divide_v by_o the_o reverberation_n of_o the_o contrary_a beam_n and_o violent_a cross_a influence_n of_o the_o say_a planet_n now_o the_o planet_n saturn_n be_v of_o a_o jupiter_n cold_a and_o freeze_a nature_n but_o the_o circle_n of_o jupiter_n be_v much_o low_a than_o it_o and_o therefore_o his_o revolution_n be_v perform_v with_o a_o more_o speedy_a motion_n namely_o in_o twelve_o year_n the_o three_o of_o mars_n which_o mars_n some_o call_v the_o sphere_n of_o hercules_n be_v fiery_a and_o ardent_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o sun_n vicinity_n and_o well-near_a in_o two_o year_n run_v his_o race_n and_o hereupon_o it_o be_v that_o by_o the_o exceed_a heat_n of_o mars_n and_o the_o vehement_a cold_a of_o saturn_n jupiter_n who_o be_v place_v betwixt_o be_v well_o temper_v of_o they_o both_o and_o so_o become_v good_a and_o comfortable_a next_o to_o they_o be_v the_o race_n of_o the_o sun_n consist_v very_o of_o sun_n 360_o part_n or_o degree_n yet_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o shadow_n which_o he_o cast_v may_v return_v again_o just_a to_o the_o former_a mark_n five_o day_n be_v add_v to_o every_o year_n with_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o day_n over_o and_o above_o whereupon_o every_o five_o year_n leap_v and_o one_o odd_a day_n be_v set_v to_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o reckon_n of_o the_o time_n and_o season_n may_v agree_v unto_o the_o course_n of_o the_o sun_n beneath_o the_o sun_n a_o goodly_a fair_a star_n there_o be_v call_v venus_n which_o go_v her_o compass_n venus_n wander_v this_o way_n and_o that_o by_o turn_n and_o by_o the_o very_a name_n that_o it_o have_v testify_v her_o emulation_n of_o sun_n and_o moon_n for_o all_o the_o while_n that_o she_o prevent_v the_o morning_n and_o rise_v oriental_a before_o she_o take_v the_o name_n of_o lucifer_n or_o daystar_n as_o a_o second_o sun_n hasten_v the_o day_n contrariwise_o when_o she_o shine_v from_o the_o west_n occidental_a draw_v out_o the_o day_n light_n at_o length_n and_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o moon_n she_o be_v name_v vesper_n this_o nature_n of_o she_o pythagoras_n of_o samos_n first_o find_v out_o about_o the_o 42_o olympias_fw-la which_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v the_o 142_o year_n after_o the_o foundation_n of_o rome_n now_o this_o planet_n in_o greatness_n go_v beyond_o all_o the_o other_o five_o and_o so_o clear_a and_o shine_a withal_o that_o the_o beam_n of_o this_o one_o star_n cast_v shadow_n upon_o the_o earth_n and_o hereupon_o come_v so_o great_a diversity_n and_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o name_n thereof_o while_o some_o have_v call_v it_o juno_n other_o isis_n and_o othersome_a the_o mother_n of_o the_o god_n by_o the_o natural_a efficacy_n of_o this_o star_n all_o thing_n be_v engender_v on_o earth_n for_o whether_o she_o rise_v east_n or_o west_n she_o sprinkle_v all_o the_o earth_n with_o dew_n of_o generation_n and_o not_o only_o fill_v the_o same_o with_o seed_n cause_v it_o to_o conceive_v but_o stir_v up_o also_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o live_a creature_n to_o engender_v this_o planet_n go_v through_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o zodiac_n in_o 348_o day_n depart_v from_o the_o sun_n never_o above_o 46_o degree_n as_o timaeus_n be_v of_o opinion_n next_o unto_o it_o but_o nothing_o of_o that_o bigness_n and_o powerful_a efficacy_n be_v the_o star_n mercury_n mercury_n of_o some_o clepe_v apollo_n in_o a_o inferior_a circle_n he_o go_v after_o the_o like_a manner_n a_o swift_a course_n by_o nine_o day_n shine_v sometime_o before_o the_o sunrising_n otherwhiles_o after_o his_o set_n never_o far_a distant_a from_o he_o than_o 23_o degree_n as_o both_o the_o same_o timaeus_n and_o sosigenes_n do_v show_v and_o therefore_o these_o two_o planet_n have_v a_o peculiar_a consideration_n from_o other_o and_o not_o common_a with_o the_o rest_n above_o name_v for_o those_o be_v see_v from_o the_o sun_n a_o four_o yea_o and_o three_o part_n of_o the_o heaven_n oftentimes_o also_o in_o opposition_n full_a against_o the_o sun_n and_o all_o of_o
with_o the_o liberty_n of_o old_a latium_n stipendiaries_n or_o tributary_n 36._o moreover_o the_o colony_n be_v thus_o name_v augusta_n emerita_n and_o upon_o the_o river_n ana_n metallinensis_fw-la pacensis_n norbensis_fw-la name_v also_o caesariana_n to_o it_o be_v lay_v and_o enrol_v castra_n julia_n and_o castra_n caecilia_n the_o five_o be_v scalabis_n call_v praesidium_n julium_n the_o free_a borough_n of_o roman_a citise_n olyssippo_n name_v also_o felicitas_n julia._n town_n of_o the_o old_a latium_n liberty_n ebora_n which_o likewise_o be_v call_v liberalitas_fw-la julia_n myrtilis_n also_o and_o salatia_n which_o we_o have_v speak_v of_o tributary_n such_o as_o i_o be_o not_o loath_a to_o name_n beside_o the_o above_o say_v in_o the_o addition_n of_o baetica_n august_n obrigense_n ammienses_n aranditani_fw-la axabricenses_fw-la balsenses_n caesarobricenses_n caperenses_n caurense_n colarni_n cibilitani_fw-la concordienses_fw-la the_o same_o that_o bonori_fw-it interausenses_n lancienses_n mirobrigense_n syrname_v celtici_n medubricenses_n the_o same_o that_o plumbarij_fw-la ocelenses_n who_o also_o be_v lancienses_n turtuli_n name_v barduli_n and_o tapori_n m._n agrippa_n have_v write_v that_o lusitania_n together_o with_o asturia_n and_o gallaecia_n be_v in_o length_n 540_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 526._o but_o all_o spain_n from_o the_o two_o promontory_n of_o pyrenaeus_n along_o the_o sea_n take_v up_o in_o circuit_n of_o the_o whole_a coast_n 2900_o mile_n and_o by_o other_o 2700._o over_o against_o celtiberia_n be_v very_o many_o isle_n call_v of_o the_o greek_n cassiterides_n for_o the_o plenty_n of_o lead_n which_o they_o yield_v and_o just_a against_o the_o promontory_n of_o the_o arrotrebae_fw-la six_o name_v deorum_n i._n of_o the_o god_n which_o some_o have_v call_v fortunatae_n but_o in_o the_o very_a point_n or_o cape_n of_o baetica_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o firth_n 75_o mile_n lie_v the_o island_n gades_n 12_o mile_n long_o as_o polybius_n write_v and_o three_o mile_n broad_a it_o be_v from_o the_o main_a where_o it_o be_v near_a jesse_n than_o mile_n 700_o pace_n in_o other_o place_n above_o seven_o mile_n the_o whole_a isle_n itself_o contain_v the_o space_n of_o 15_o mile_n in_o circuit_n it_o have_v within_o it_o a_o town_n of_o roman_a citizen_n name_n augusta_n vrbs_fw-la julia_n gaditania_n on_o that_o side_n that_o regard_v spain_n within_o 100_o pace_n lie_v another_o island_n three_o mile_n long_o and_o one_o broad_a wherein_o former_o be_v the_o town_n gades_n the_o name_n of_o this_o island_n after_o ephorus_n and_o thilistides_n be_v erythia_n but_o according_a to_o tymaeus_n and_o silenus_n aprodisias_n the_o natural_a homebred_a inhabitant_n call_v it_o junonis_fw-la the_o big_a of_o these_o two_o gades_n as_o say_v tymaeus_n be_v by_o they_o call_v cotinusa_n our_o countryman_n name_v it_o tartessos_n the_o carthaginian_n gadiz_n gadir_n which_o in_o the_o punic_a language_n signify_v the_o enclosure_n number_n of_o seven_o erithia_n the_o other_o be_v call_v because_o the_o tirian_o who_o be_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n be_v report_v to_o have_v have_v their_o first_o beginning_n out_o of_o the_o red_a sea_n erythraeum_n some_o think_v that_o geryon_n here_o dwell_v he_o who_o drove_n of_o cattle_n hercules_n have_v away_o some_o again_o think_v it_o be_v another_o over_o against_o lusitania_n and_o there_o sometime_o so_o call_v chap._n xxiii_o ¶_o the_o measure_n of_o all_o europe_n have_v finish_v our_o circuit_n about_o europe_n we_o must_v now_o yield_v the_o total_a sum_n and_o complete_a measure_n of_o it_o in_o the_o whole_a that_o such_o as_o be_v desirous_a of_o knowledge_n be_v not_o to_o seek_v in_o any_o one_o thing_n artemidorus_z and_o isidore_n have_v set_v down_o the_o length_n thereof_o from_o tanais_n to_o gades_n 84014_o mile_n polybius_n have_v put_v down_o the_o breadth_n thereof_o from_o italy_n to_o the_o ocean_n 1150_o mile_n for_o as_o then_o the_o largeness_n thereof_o be_v not_o know_v now_o the_o very_a breadth_n of_o italy_n alone_o by_o itself_o as_o we_o have_v show_v be_v 1220_o mile_n to_o the_o alps_o from_o whence_o by_o lion_n to_o the_o britain_n part_n of_o the_o morini_n which_o way_n polybius_n seem_v to_o take_v his_o measure_n be_v 1168_o mile_n but_o the_o more_o certain_a measure_n and_o the_o long_o be_v direct_v from_o the_o say_v alps_n to_o the_o west_n and_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o rhine_n through_o the_o place_n call_v castra_n legionum_fw-la germaniae_fw-la 1243_o mile_n now_o from_o hence_o forward_o we_o will_v describe_v africa_n and_o asia_n the_o five_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o description_n of_o africa_n africke_n the_o greek_n have_v call_v lybia_n even_o all_o that_o tract_n from_o whence_o the_o lybian_a sea_n before_o it_o begin_v and_o end_v in_o the_o egyptian_a no_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n receive_v few_o gulf_n and_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n in_o that_o long_a compass_n of_o crooked_a coast_n from_o the_o west_n the_o name_n as_o well_o of_o the_o nation_n as_o town_n there_o be_v of_o all_o other_o most_o hard_a to_o be_v pronounce_v unless_o it_o be_v in_o their_o own_o tongue_n and_o again_o they_o be_v castle_n and_o fort_n for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o they_o dwell_v in_o chap._n i._n ¶_o mauritania_n at_o the_o beginning_n the_o land_n of_o mauritania_n until_o the_o time_n of_o c._n caesar_n i._n caligula_n son_n of_o germanicus_n be_v call_v kingdom_n but_o by_o his_o cruelty_n divide_v it_o be_v into_o two_o province_n the_o utmost_a promontory_n of_o the_o ocean_n be_v name_v of_o the_o greek_n ampelusia_n the_o town_n therein_o be_v lissa_n and_o cotes_n beyond_o hercules_n pillar_n now_o in_o it_o be_v tingi_fw-la sometime_o build_v by_o antaeus_n and_o afterward_o by_o claudius_n caesar_n when_o he_o make_v a_o colony_n of_o it_o it_o be_v call_v traducta_fw-la julia._n it_o be_v from_o belone_n a_o town_n in_o baetica_n by_o the_o next_o and_o near_a passage_n over_o sea_n thirty_o mile_n five_o and_o twenty_o mile_n from_o it_o in_o the_o ocean_n coast_n stand_v a_o colony_n erect_v by_o augustus_n now_o julia_n constantia_n exempt_v from_o the_o dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n of_o zilis_n and_o command_v to_o go_v for_o law_n and_o justice_n as_o far_o as_o baetica_n and_o two_o and_o thirty_o mile_n from_o it_o lixos_n make_v a_o colony_n by_o claudius_n caesar_n whereof_o in_o old_a time_n there_o go_v many_o fabulous_a and_o loud_a lie_a tale_n for_o there_o stand_v they_o say_v the_o royal_a palace_n of_o antaeus_n there_o be_v the_o combat_n between_o he_o and_o hercules_n there_o also_o be_v the_o garden_n and_o hort-yard_n of_o the_o hesperides_n now_o there_o flow_v thereinto_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n a_o certain_a creek_n or_o arm_n thereof_o and_o that_o by_o a_o wind_a channel_n wherein_o man_n now_o take_v it_o that_o there_o be_v dragon_n serve_v in_o good_a stead_n to_o keep_v and_o guard_v the_o same_o it_o enclose_v a_o island_n within_o itself_o which_o notwithstanding_o the_o tract_n thereby_o be_v somewhat_o high_o be_v only_o not_o overflow_v by_o the_o sea_n tide_n in_o it_o there_o stand_v erect_v a_o altar_n of_o hercules_n and_o set_v aside_o certain_a wild_a olive_n nothing_o else_o be_v to_o be_v see_v of_o that_o goodly_a grove_n report_v to_o bear_v golden_a apple_n and_o in_o good_a faith_n less_o may_v they_o wonder_v at_o the_o strange_a lie_n of_o greece_n give_v out_o of_o these_o and_o the_o river_n lixus_o who_o will_v but_o think_v how_o of_o late_a our_o countryman_n have_v deliver_v some_o fable_n of_o the_o same_o thing_n as_o monstrous_a well-near_a to_o wit_n that_o this_o a_o most_o strong_a and_o mighty_a city_n and_o big_a than_o great_a carthage_n moreover_o that_o it_o be_v situate_a right_n against_o it_o and_o a_o infinite_a way_n well-near_a from_o tingi_fw-la and_o other_o such_o like_a which_o cornelius_n nepos_n have_v be_v most_o eager_a to_o believe_v from_o lixus_o forty_o mile_n in_o the_o midland_n part_n of_o the_o main_n stand_v babba_n another_o colony_n of_o augustus_n call_v by_o he_o julia_n in_o the_o field_n or_o champain_n also_o a_o three_o 75_o mile_n off_o call_v banasa_n but_o now_o it_o have_v the_o addition_n of_o valentia_n 35_o mile_n from_o it_o be_v the_o town_n volubile_fw-la just_a in_o the_o mid_a way_n between_o both_o sea_n but_o in_o the_o coast_n and_o border_n thereof_o fifty_o mile_n from_o lixus_o run_v subur_n a_o goodly_a plenteous_a river_n and_o navigable_a near_o to_o the_o colony_n banasa_n as_o many_o mile_n from_o it_o be_v the_o town_n sala_n stand_v upon_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n near_o now_o unto_o the_o wilderness_n much_o infest_a and_o annoy_v with_o whole_a herd_n of_o elephant_n but_o much_o more_o with_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o autololes_n through_o
which_o part_v bythinia_n from_o galatia_n beyond_o chalcedon_n stand_v chrysopolis_n then_o nicopolis_n of_o which_o the_o gulf_n still_o retain_v the_o name_n wherein_o be_v the_o haven_n of_o amycus_n the_o cape_n naulocum_fw-la estia_fw-la wherein_o be_v the_o temple_n of_o neptune_n and_o the_o bosphorus_n a_o straight_a half_a a_o mile_n over_o which_o now_o once_o again_o part_v asia_n and_o europe_n from_o chalcedon_n it_o be_v 12_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a there_o begin_v the_o sea_n to_o open_v wide_a where_o it_o be_v 8_o mile_n &_o a_o quarter_n over_o in_o that_o place_n where_o stand_v once_o the_o town_n philopolis_n all_o the_o maritime_a coast_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o thyni_n but_o the_o inland_n part_n by_o the_o bithynian_o lo_o here_o a_o end_n of_o asia_n and_o of_o 282_o nation_n which_o be_v reckon_v from_o the_o limit_n and_o gulf_n of_o lycia_n unto_o the_o straits_n of_o constantinople_n the_o space_n of_o the_o straits_n of_o hellespont_n and_o propontis_n together_o until_o you_o come_v to_o bosphorus_n in_o thracia_n contain_v in_o length_n 188_o mile_n as_o we_o have_v before_o say_v from_o chalcedon_n to_o sigeum_n by_o the_o computation_n of_o isidor_n be_v 372_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a island_n lie_v in_o propontis_n before_o cyzicum_n be_v these_o elaphonnesus_n from_o whence_o come_v the_o cyzicen_n marble_n and_o the_o same_o isle_n be_v call_v neuris_n and_o proconnesus_n then_o follow_v ophyusa_n acanthus_n phoebe_n scopelos_n porphyrione_fw-la and_o halone_n with_o a_o town_n moreover_o delphacia_n and_o polydora_n also_o artacaeon_n with_o the_o town_n furthermore_o over_o against_o nicomedia_n be_v demonnesos_n likewise_o beyond_o heraclea_n just_a against_o bythinia_n be_v thynias_n which_o the_o barbarian_n call_v bythinia_n over_o and_o beside_o antiochia_n and_o against_o the_o fossae_n or_o river_n rhyndacus_n besbicos_fw-la 18_o mile_n about_o last_o of_o all_o elaea_n two_o rhodussae_n erebinthus_fw-la magale_n chalcitis_n and_o pityodes_n the_o six_z book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la chap._n 1._o ¶_o pontus_n euxinus_n the_o sea_n call_v pontus_n euxinus_n and_o name_v by_o the_o greek_n in_o old_a time_n axenos_n for_o the_o hard_a usage_n that_o passenger_n find_v at_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o savage_a nation_n upon_o the_o coast_n thereof_o be_v spread_v also_o betwixt_o europe_n and_o asia_n upon_o a_o very_a spite_n and_o special_a envy_n of_o nature_n as_o it_o seem_v to_o the_o earth_n and_o a_o wilful_a desire_n to_o maintain_v the_o sea_n still_o in_o his_o greatness_n and_o to_o fulfil_v his_o greedy_a and_o endless_a appetite_n for_o she_o be_v not_o content_v to_o have_v environ_v the_o whole_a earth_n with_o the_o main_a ocean_n yea_o and_o take_v from_o it_o a_o great_a part_n thereof_o with_o exceed_a rage_n overflow_a the_o same_o and_o lay_v all_o empty_a and_o naked_a it_o suffice_v not_o i_o say_v to_o have_v break_v through_o the_o mountain_n and_o so_o to_o rush_v in_o and_o after_o the_o sea_n have_v dismember_v *_o caspe_n from_o africa_n to_o libralâ—…ar_n have_v swallow_v up_o much_o more_o by_o far_o than_o be_v leave_v behind_o to_o be_v see_v no_o nor_o to_o have_v let_v propontis_n gush_v through_o hellespont_n and_o so_o to_o encroach_v again_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o gain_v more_o ground_n unless_o from_o the_o straits_n of_o bosphorus_n also_o he_o enlarge_v himself_o into_o another_o huge_a and_o vast_a sea_n and_o yet_o be_v never_o content_a until_o the_o lake_n moeotis_n also_o with_o his_o straight_a meet_v with_o he_o as_o he_o thus_o spread_v abroad_o and_o flow_v at_o liberty_n and_o so_o join_v together_o and_o part_v as_o it_o be_v their_o steal_a good_a between_o they_o and_o very_o that_o all_o this_o be_v happen_v maugre_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o it_o make_v all_o resistance_n that_o it_o can_v appear_v evident_o by_o so_o many_o straits_n and_o narrow_a passage_n lie_v between_o these_o two_o element_n of_o so_o contrary_a nature_n consider_v that_o in_o hellespont_n the_o space_n be_v not_o above_o 875_o pace_n from_o land_n to_o land_n and_o at_o the_o two_o bosphori_n the_o sea_n be_v so_o passeable_a that_o ox_n or_o cow_n may_v swim_v at_o ease_n from_o the_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o and_o hereupon_o they_o both_o take_v their_o name_n the_o which_o vicinity_n serve_v very_o well_o to_o entertain_v and_o nourish_v amity_n among_o nation_n separate_v by_o nature_n one_o from_o another_o and_o in_o this_o disunion_n as_o it_o be_v appear_v yet_o a_o brothe_o fellowship_n and_o unity_n for_o the_o cock_n may_v be_v hear_v to_o crow_v and_o the_o dog_n to_o bark_n from_o the_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o yea_o and_o man_n out_o of_o these_o two_o world_n may_v parley_v one_o to_o another_o with_o audible_a voice_n and_o have_v commerce_n of_o speech_n together_o if_o the_o weather_n be_v calm_a and_o that_o the_o wind_n do_v not_o carry_v away_o the_o sound_n thereof_o well_o the_o measure_n some_o have_v take_v of_o the_o sea_n from_o bosphorus_n thracius_n to_o the_o lake_n of_o moeotis_n and_o have_v account_v it_o to_o be_v 1438_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a but_o eratosthenes_n reckon_v it_o less_o by_o one_o hundred_o agrippa_n say_v that_o from_o chalcedon_n to_o phacis_n be_v a_o thousand_o mile_n and_o so_o to_o bosphorus_n cimmerius_n 360_o mile_n as_o for_o we_o we_o will_v set_v down_o summary_o and_o in_o general_a the_o distance_n of_o place_n according_a to_o the_o modern_a knowledge_n of_o our_o nation_n in_o these_o day_n forasmuch_o as_o our_o army_n have_v war_v in_o the_o very_o straight_o and_o mouth_n of_o this_o cimmerian_a straight_o be_v pass_v then_o from_o the_o straight_a of_o bosphorus_n thracius_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o river_n rhebas_n which_o some_o have_v call_v rhoesus_n and_o beyond_o it_o psillis_n another_o river_n then_o come_v we_o to_o the_o port_n of_o calpas_n and_o sangarius_n one_o of_o the_o principal_a river_n of_o asia_n it_o arise_v in_o phrygia_n it_o receive_v other_o huge_a river_n into_o it_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n tembrogius_fw-la and_o gallus_n the_o same_o sangarius_n be_v call_v also_o coralius_n after_o this_o river_n begin_v the_o gulf_n mariandini_fw-la upon_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o town_n heraclea_n situate_a upon_o the_o river_n lycus_n it_o be_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o pontus_n 200_o mile_n beyond_o it_o be_v the_o port_n acone_n curse_v for_o the_o venomous_a herb_n and_o poisonous_a aconitum_n which_o take_v name_n thereof_o also_o the_o hole_n or_o cave_n acherusia_n river_n also_o there_o be_v pedopiles_n callichorum_fw-la and_o sonantes_fw-la one_o town_n tium_n eight_o and_o thirty_o mile_n from_o heraclea_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o river_n bilis_fw-la chap._n ii_o ¶_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o paphlagonian_o and_o cappadocian_o beyond_o this_o river_n bilis_fw-la be_v the_o country_n paphlagonia_n which_o some_o have_v name_v pylemerina_fw-la and_o it_o be_v enclose_v with_o galatia_n behind_o it_o the_o first_o town_n you_o meet_v in_o it_o be_v mastya_n build_v by_o the_o milesian_n and_o next_o to_o it_o be_v cromna_n in_o this_o quarter_n the_o heneti_n inhabit_v as_o cornelius_n nepos_n say_v moreover_o from_o thence_o the_o venetian_n in_o italy_n who_o bear_v their_o name_n be_v descend_v as_o he_o will_v have_v we_o believe_v near_o to_o the_o say_a town_n cromna_n be_v another_o call_v sesamum_fw-la in_o time_n past_a and_o now_o amastris_n also_o the_o mountain_n cytorus_n 64_o mile_n from_o tium_n when_o you_o be_v go_v past_o this_o mountain_n you_o shall_v come_v to_o cimolus_n and_o stephano_n two_o town_n and_o likewise_o to_o the_o river_n parthenius_n and_o so_o forward_o to_o the_o cape_n and_o promontory_n corambis_n which_o reach_v forth_o a_o mighty_a way_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o it_o be_v from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o sea_n pontus_n 315_o mile_n or_o as_o other_o rather_o think_v 350._o as_o far_o also_o it_o be_v from_o the_o straight_a cimmerius_n or_o as_o some_o will_v rather_o have_v it_o 312_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a a_o town_n there_o be_v also_o in_o time_n pass_v of_o that_o name_n and_o another_o likewise_o beyond_o it_o call_v arminum_fw-la but_o now_o there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v the_o colony_n sinope_n 164_o mile_n from_o citorum_fw-la be_v past_o it_o you_o fall_v upon_o the_o river_n varetum_fw-la the_o people_n of_o cappadocia_n the_o town_n gazima_n and_o gazelum_fw-la and_o the_o river_n halyto_n which_o issue_v out_o of_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n taurus_n pass_v through_o cataonia_n and_o cappadocia_n then_o meet_v you_o with_o these_o town_n follow_v gangre_n carissa_n and_o the_o free_a city_n amisum_n which_o be_v from_o sinope_n 130_o mile_n as_o you_o 〈◊〉_d far_o you_o shall_v see_v a_o gulf_n carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o say_a town_n where_o
in_o sea_n water_n for_o that_o be_v best_o or_o else_o in_o fresh_a for_o want_v of_o the_o other_o after_o this_o water_v it_o must_v be_v dry_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o then_o steep_v in_o water_n a_o second_o time_n but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v urgent_a occasion_n to_o use_v it_o present_o out_o of_o hand_n he_o must_v put_v it_o in_o a_o great_a tub_n or_o bathe_v vessel_n &_o let_v it_o soak_v there_o in_o hot_a water_n a_o time_n now_o if_o when_o it_o be_v dry_v again_o it_o be_v stiff_a and_o will_v stand_v alone_o they_o take_v it_o for_o a_o sure_a sign_n that_o it_o be_v sufficient_o water_v and_o have_v that_o which_o it_o shall_v have_v this_o be_v a_o very_a near_a and_o ready_a way_n &_o save_v they_o much_o labour_n thus_o be_v prepare_v one_o of_o these_o two_o way_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v bray_v and_o beat_v before_o it_o will_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o then_o no_o cordage_n in_o the_o world_n be_v better_a than_o that_o which_o be_v make_v of_o it_o nor_o last_v so_o well_o within_o the_o water_n and_o the_o sea_n especial_o for_o it_o will_v never_o be_v do_v for_o dry_a work_n i_o confess_v and_o out_o of_o the_o water_n the_o gable_n &_o rope_n wrought_v of_o hemp_n be_v better_o but_o sparta_n make_v into_o cordage_n will_v live_v &_o receive_v nourishment_n within_o the_o water_n drink_v now_o the_o full_a as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v amends_o for_o that_o thirst_n which_o it_o have_v in_o the_o native_a place_n where_o it_o first_o grow_v of_o this_o nature_n be_v sparta_n beside_o that_o if_o the_o rope_n make_v thereof_o be_v wear_v and_o with_o much_o occupy_v out_o of_o repair_n a_o little_a thing_n will_v mend_v and_o refresh_v they_o yea_o and_o make_v they_o as_o good_a as_o ever_o they_o be_v for_o how_o old_a soever_o it_o be_v yet_o will_v it_o be_v wrought_v very_o well_o again_o with_o some_o new_a among_o a_o wonderful_a thing_n it_o be_v to_o consider_v and_o look_v into_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o herb_n and_o namely_o how_o much_o it_o be_v use_v in_o all_o country_n what_o in_o cable_n and_o other_o ship-tacking_a what_o in_o rope_n for_o mason_n and_o carpenter_n and_o in_o a_o thousand_o necessity_n of_o this_o our_o life_n and_o yet_o seel_v the_o place_n which_o furnish_v all_o this_o store_n lie_v along_o the_o coast_n of_o new_a carthage_n we_o shall_v find_v to_o be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o thirty_o mile_n in_o breadth_n &_o less_o somewhat_o in_o length_n and_o very_o if_o it_o be_v fetch_v far_o off_o within_o the_o main_a the_o carriage_n will_v not_o quit_v for_o the_o cost_n and_o expense_n the_o greek_n in_o old_a time_n employ_v their_o riches_n in_o draw_v of_o rope_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o the_o very_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v with_o they_o a_o rich_fw-mi and_o a_o rope_n but_o afteâ—…ards_o they_o use_v their_o cordage_n of_o date_n tree_n leave_v &_o the_o thin_a bark_n of_o the_o linden_n or_o tillet_n tree_n from_o whence_o very_o like_a and_o probable_a it_o be_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n borrow_v both_o their_o use_n of_o spartum_fw-la and_o manner_n also_o significant_a of_o dress_v it_o theophrastus_n write_v that_o there_o be_v a_o bulbous_a plant_n with_o a_o root_n like_o a_o onion-head_n grow_v about_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n between_o the_o utmost_a rind_n whereof_o and_o that_o part_v within_o which_o be_v good_a to_o be_v eat_v there_o be_v a_o certain_a cotton_n or_o woolly_a substance_n whereof_o folk_n use_v to_o make_v udoâ—…es_n woollen_a sock_n and_o some_o such_o slight_a piece_n of_o apparel_n but_o he_o neither_o name_v the_o country_n where_o they_o be_v make_v nor_o set_v down_o any_o other_o particularity_n more_o than_o this_o that_o the_o say_a plant_n they_o call_v eriophoron_n i._n bear_v wool_n so_o far_o as_o ever_o i_o can_v find_v in_o any_o copy_n come_v to_o my_o hand_n and_o albeit_o theophrastus_n be_v otherwise_o a_o diligent_a and_o curious_a writer_n of_o plant_n and_o search_v deep_a into_o the_o nature_n of_o simple_n four_o hundred_o and_o ninety_o year_n before_o my_o time_n yet_o have_v he_o make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o sparta_n a_o thing_n that_o i_o have_v observe_v and_o note_v in_o he_o once_o already_o before_o now_o whereby_o evident_a it_o be_v that_o the_o manner_n of_o dress_v and_o use_v sparta_n come_v up_o after_o his_o day_n and_o since_o we_o be_v enter_v into_o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o wonder_n of_o nature_n i_o will_v follow_v on_o still_o and_o continue_v the_o same_o wherein_o this_o may_v be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a that_o a_o thing_n shall_v live_v and_o grow_v as_o a_o plant_n without_o root_n look_v but_o to_o those_o mushroom_n or_o toad-stoole_n which_o be_v call_v in_o latin_a tubera_fw-la out_o of_o the_o ground_n they_o grow_v compass_v about_o on_o every_o side_n with_o the_o earth_n with_o out_o root_n without_o any_o filament_n or_o so_o much_o as_o small_a string_n &_o beard_n resemble_v a_o root_n whereupon_o they_o shall_v rest_v the_o place_n where_o they_o breed_v do_v not_o swell_v or_o bear_v up_o one_o jot_n nay_o it_o show_v no_o chink_n or_o crevasse_n at_o all_o out_o of_o which_o they_o shall_v issue_v and_o to_o conclude_v they_o seem_v not_o once_o to_o stick_v and_o cleave_v to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o they_o stand_v a_o certain_a bark_n or_o pill_n they_o seem_v to_o have_v which_o enclose_v they_o such_o as_o to_o speak_v plain_o we_o can_v say_v be_v earth_n indeed_o nor_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o a_o very_a brawny_a skin_n or_o callositie_n of_o the_o earth_n these_o breed_n common_o in_o dry_a and_o sandy_a ground_n in_o rough_a place_n full_a of_o shrub_n and_o bush_n and_o light_o in_o none_o else_o oftentimes_o they_o exceed_v the_o quantity_n of_o good_a big_a quince_n even_o such_o as_o weigh_v a_o pound_n two_o sort_n there_o be_v of_o they_o some_o be_v full_a of_o sand_n and_o grit_n and_o such_o plague_n folk_n tooth_n in_o the_o eat_n other_o be_v clean_o and_o their_o meat_n be_v pure_a without_o any_o such_o thing_n among_o they_o differ_v also_o in_o colour_n for_o there_o be_v of_o they_o that_o be_v red_a you_o shall_v have_v those_o also_o that_o seem_v black_a and_o yet_o be_v white_a within_o but_o the_o best_a simple_o be_v those_o that_o come_v out_o of_o africa_n or_o barbary_n to_o determine_v resolute_o whether_o they_o grow_v still_o from_o day_n to_o day_n as_o other_o plant_n or_o whether_o this_o imperfection_n of_o the_o earth_n for_o better_a i_o know_v not_o how_o to_o call_v it_o come_v at_o one_o instant_a to_o that_o full_a growth_n that_o ever_o it_o will_v have_v also_o whether_o they_o live_v or_o no_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v a_o difficult_a and_o hard_a matter_n sure_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o putrefaction_n be_v much_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o wood_n and_o they_o rot_v both_o alike_o many_o year_n pass_v there_o be_v not_o since_o lartius_n licinius_n sometime_o lord_n praetor_n and_o governor_n under_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o province_n of_o spain_n chance_v of_o my_o knowledge_n while_o he_o be_v there_o at_o carthage_n in_o bite_a one_o of_o these_o mushroom_n to_o meet_v with_o a_o silver_n roman_n denier_n within_o it_o that_o turn_v the_o edge_n again_o of_o some_o of_o his_o fore_a tooth_n and_o set_v they_o awry_o whereby_o a_o man_n may_v perceive_v manifest_o that_o they_o be_v a_o certain_a excresence_n of_o the_o very_a earth_n gather_v into_o a_o round_a form_n as_o all_o other_o thing_n that_o grow_v natural_o of_o themselves_o and_o come_v neither_o by_o set_v nor_o sow_v chap._n iii_o ¶_o of_o the_o excrescence_n name_v mison_n misy_n and_o of_o other_o such_o like_a puff_n and_o mushroom_n of_o those_o flat_a fuss_n and_o broad_a toad-stoole_n call_v pezitae_n pezici_n of_o the_o plant_n or_o herb_n wort_fw-mi laserpitium_n of_o magydaris_n of_o mad_a of_o sopeweed_n or_o the_o fuller_n herb_n radicula_n within_o the_o province_n of_o cyrenaica_n in_o africa_n there_o be_v find_v the_o like_a excrescence_n call_v misv_n pass_v sweet_a &_o pleasant_a as_o well_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o smell_n as_o the_o taste_n more_o pulpous_a turneb_n also_o &_o full_a of_o carnositie_n than_o the_o rest_n likewise_o another_o of_o that_o nature_n in_o thracia_n call_v ceraunium_n as_o touch_v all_o the_o sort_n of_o mushroom_n toad-stoole_n puff_n fusbal_n or_o fuss_n these_o particular_n follow_v be_v observe_v first_o it_o be_v know_v for_o certain_a that_o if_o the_o autumn_n be_v much_o dispose_v to_o rain_n and_o withal_o the_o air_n be_v trouble_v and_o disquiet_v with_o many_o thunder_n during_o that_o season_n there_o will_v be_v good_a store_n of_o such_o mushroom_n etc._n etc._n
the_o rest_n be_v sad_a or_o duskish_a and_o as_o well_o the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o be_v all_o either_o natural_a or_o artificial_a among_o the_o natural_a of_o this_o sort_n to_o wit_n the_o sad_a colour_n i_o reckon_v the_o sincpis_fw-la common_a bowl_n armin_n rubrica_fw-la ruddel_n or_o red_a stone_n plastre_n paretonium_n chalk_n melinum_n white_a eretria_n and_o auripigmentum_fw-la orpin_n the_o rest_n of_o these_o kind_n be_v artificial_a &_o principal_o those_o which_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o treatise_n of_o mine_n moreover_o of_o the_o base_a sort_n be_v ochre_n and_o ruddel_n burn_a ceruse_n or_o spanish_a white_a sandix_n mineral_n and_o scyricum_n sandaracha_n vitriol_n or_o black_n as_o for_o sinopis_n or_o common_a bowl_n armin_n find_v out_o first_o it_o be_v at_o sinope_n a_o maritine_a town_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o pontus_n whereof_o it_o take_v that_o name_n it_o grow_v also_o in_o egypt_n the_o baleare_a island_n and_o africa_n but_o the_o best_a be_v find_v in_o the_o isle_n lemnos_n and_o in_o cappadocia_n dig_v out_o of_o certain_a cave_n and_o hole_n that_o which_o stick_v fast_o unto_o the_o rock_n excel_v all_o the_o rest_n the_o piece_n of_o this_o earth_n if_o a_o man_n do_v break_v show_v the_o own_o natural_a colour_n which_o be_v not_o mix_v without-forth_a they_o be_v spot_v and_o this_o earth_n in_o old_a time_n be_v use_v for_o to_o give_v a_o lustre_n unto_o other_o colour_n of_o this_o sinopis_n or_o bole_n armin_n common_a there_o be_v three_o kind_n the_o deep_a red_a the_o pale_a or_o weak_a red_n and_o the_o mean_a between_o both_o the_o best_a sinopis_n be_v esteem_v worth_n kind_n thirteen_o denarij_fw-la roman_n by_o the_o pound_n this_o may_v serve_v the_o painter_n pencil_n yea_o or_o in_o grosser_n work_n if_o a_o man_n list_v to_o colour_v post_n beam_n or_o wood_n as_o for_o that_o which_o come_v out_o of_o africa_n it_o be_v worth_a eight_o ass_n every_o pound_n and_o this_o they_o call_v cicirculum_fw-la that_o which_o be_v red_a than_o the_o rest_n serve_v better_a for_o paint_v of_o tablement_n as_o for_o that_o which_o be_v most_o brown_a and_o duskish_a call_v in_o latin_a pressior_fw-la it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o price_n that_o the_o other_o and_o employ_v in_o the_o base_n and_o foot_n of_o such_o tablement_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o use_n in_o paint_v touch_v physic_n and_o the_o medicinable_a property_n thereof_o mild_a it_o be_v of_o nature_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n of_o gentle_a operation_n whether_o it_o enter_v into_o hard_a emplaistre_n of_o a_o dry_a composition_n or_o into_o immolitive_a plaster_n that_o be_v more_o liquid_a and_o principal_o such_o as_o be_v devise_v for_o ulcer_n in_o any_o moist_a part_n as_o the_o mouth_n or_o fundament_n this_o earth_n if_o it_o be_v inject_v by_o a_o clistre_fw-mi stop_v a_o lask_z and_o be_v give_v to_o woman_n in_o drink_n to_o the_o weight_n of_o one_o denarius_fw-la i_o a_o dram_n it_o stay_v their_o immoderate_a flux_n of_o the_o matrice_n the_o same_o burn_a or_o calcine_v dry_v up_o the_o fret_a roughness_n of_o the_o eye_n principal_o if_o it_o be_v apply_v with_o vinegar_n this_o kind_n of_o red_a earth_n some_o will_v have_v to_o be_v count_v in_o a_o second_o degree_n of_o rubrica_fw-la for_o goodness_n for_o they_o always_o reckon_v that_o of_o leâ—…nos_n to_o be_v the_o chief_a &_o simple_o best_o as_o come_v next_o in_o price_n to_o minium_n i._n vermilion_n and_o in_o truth_n this_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la or_o lemnia_n be_v high_o account_v of_o in_o old_a time_n like_v as_o the_o island_n lemnos_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v neither_o be_v it_o lawful_a to_o sell_v any_o of_o it_o before_o it_o be_v galen_n mark_v or_o seal_v &_o thereupon_o they_o use_v to_o call_v it_o sphragis_n the_o painter_n ordinary_o lay_v a_o ground_n of_o this_o under_o their_o vermilion_n and_o sophisticate_a it_o many_o way_n in_o physic_n it_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v a_o sovereign_a thing_n for_o if_o the_o eye_n be_v anoint_v round_o about_o therewith_o in_o manner_n of_o a_o lineament_n it_o repress_v the_o flux_n of_o rheumatic_a humour_n and_o do_v mitigat_n the_o pain_n incident_a to_o they_o the_o fistulous_a sore_n likewise_o about_o the_o angle_n or_o corner_n of_o the_o eye_n it_o dry_v up_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o run_v as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v inward_o also_o it_o be_v common_o give_v in_o vinegar_n to_o such_o as_o cast_v up_o blood_n at_o the_o mouth_n it_o be_v take_v also_o in_o drink_n for_o the_o oppilation_n and_o other_o accident_n as_o well_o of_o the_o spleen_n as_o kidney_n and_o beside_o to_o stop_v the_o excessive_a flux_n that_o be_v incident_a to_o woman_n singular_a it_o be_v against_o any_o poison_n or_o venomous_a sting_n of_o serpent_n either_o upon_o land_n or_o sea_n and_o therefore_o be_v a_o familiar_a ingredient_n into_o all_o antidote_n or_o counterpoison_n of_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o red_a earth_n the_o ruddle_n of_o egypt_n and_o africa_n be_v fit_a for_o carpenter_n for_o if_o they_o strike_v their_o line_n upon_o timber_n with_o it_o they_o shall_v be_v sure_a that_o it_o will_v take_v colour_n and_o be_v mark_v very_o well_o moreover_o another_o sort_n there_o be_v of_o this_o red_a earth_n mineral_n find_v with_o iron_n over_o and_o the_o same_o be_v good_a also_o for_o painter_n there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o ruddle_n also_o make_v theophrast_n of_o ochre_n burn_v and_o calcine_v in_o new_a earthen_a pot_n well_o lute_v all_o over_o and_o the_o great_a fire_n that_o it_o meet_v withal_o in_o the_o furnace_n the_o better_a it_o be_v in_o general_n any_o ruddle_n whatsoever_o be_v exiccative_a in_o which_o regard_n it_o agree_v well_o with_o salve_n and_o heal_a plaster_n and_o be_v very_o proper_a for_o to_o repress_v shingles_n &_o such_o cutanean_a wildfire_n that_o will_v stand_v in_o drop_n take_v of_o sinopis_n or_o bolearmin_n common_a that_o come_v out_o of_o pontus_n libâ—…_n half_a a_o pound_n of_o bright_a silius_n or_o ochre_n 10_o pound_n of_o the_o greek_a white_a earth_n melinum_n 2_o pound_n pun_v they_o all_o together_o and_o mix_v they_o well_o so_o as_o they_o may_v ferment_n 12_o day_n together_o and_o hereof_o be_v make_v leucophorum_fw-la i._o a_o kind_n of_o gum_n or_o size_n to_o lay_v under_o goldfoile_n for_o to_o guild_v timber_n touch_v the_o white_a earth_n paraetonium_n it_o carry_v the_o name_n of_o a_o place_n in_o egypt_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v and_o many_o say_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o but_o the_o some_o of_o the_o sea_n incorporat_a and_o harden_v together_o with_o the_o slime_n &_o mud_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v winkle_n and_o such_o shell-fish_n find_v therewith_o it_o be_v engender_v also_o in_o the_o isle_n candy_n and_o the_o country_n of_o cyrenae_n at_o rome_n they_o have_v a_o devise_n to_o sophisticat_v it_o namely_o by_o boil_a fuller_n earth_n until_o it_o be_v of_o a_o fast_a &_o massy_a consistence_n the_o price_n of_o the_o best_a be_v after_o 6_o denier_n the_o pound_n of_o all_o white_a colour_n it_o be_v the_o fat_a and_o for_o that_o it_o run_v out_o smooth_a in_o the_o work_n it_o be_v the_o fast_o parget_n to_o overcast_v wall_n withal_o as_o for_o the_o earth_n melinum_n white_a it_o be_v likewise_o but_o the_o best_a be_v that_o which_o the_o isle_n melos_n do_v yield_v whereupon_o it_o take_v that_o name_n in_o samos_n also_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v but_o painter_n use_v it_o not_o because_o it_o be_v over_o clammy_a and_o unctuous_a the_o islander_n be_v wont_a to_o creep_v on_o all_o four_o and_o to_o lie_v along_o at_o their_o work_n when_o they_o dig_v it_o forth_o of_o the_o rock_n for_o search_v it_o they_o must_v among_o the_o vein_n that_o run_v therein_o the_o same_o blood_n operation_n it_o have_v in_o physic_n that_o the_o earth_n eretria_n also_o if_o a_o man_n touch_v it_o with_o the_o tongue_n he_o shall_v find_v it_o a_o stringent_a and_o dry_a howbeit_o a_o depilatory_a it_o be_v in_o some_o sort_n and_o fetch_v away_o hair_n or_o else_o cause_v it_o to_o grow_v thin_a a_o pound_n of_o it_o be_v worth_a a_o sesterce_n there_o be_v of_o white_a colour_n a_o three_o kind_n and_o that_o be_v cerussa_fw-la or_o white_a lead_n the_o reason_n &_o make_v whereof_o i_o have_v show_v in_o my_o discourse_n of_o mineral_n and_o yet_o there_o be_v find_v of_o it_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o very_a earth_n by_o itself_o at_o smyrna_n within_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o one_o theodotus_n wherewith_o in_o old_a time_n they_o use_v to_o colour_n and_o paint_v ship_n but_o in_o these_o day_n we_o have_v no_o other_o ceruse_n or_o spanish_a white_a but_o that_o which_o be_v artificial_a make_v of_o lead_n &_o vinegar_n
very_a memorial_n of_o he_o in_o these_o very_a term_n call_v his_o excess_n that_o way_n patinarum_fw-la paludes_fw-la i_o platter_n as_o broad_a as_o pool_n and_o very_o say_v he_o that_o platter_n of_o vitellius_n come_v nothing_o behind_o another_o which_o cassius_n severus_n reproach_v asprenas_n withal_o who_o he_o accuse_v bitter_o and_o say_v that_o the_o poison_n of_o that_o one_o platter_n have_v kill_v a_o 130_o person_n who_o have_v taste_v thereof_o furthermore_o there_o be_v certain_a town_n that_o be_v in_o good_a account_n by_o reason_n only_o of_o this_o vessel_n make_v therein_o and_o namely_o rhegium_n and_o cumae_n the_o priest_n of_o cybele_n the_o mother_n of_o the_o god_n who_o be_v call_v galli_n use_v to_o geld_v themselves_o with_o a_o sheard_v of_o samian_a earth_n and_o they_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o any_o thing_n else_o they_o shall_v die_v thereof_o if_o we_o may_v believe_v m._n caelius_n who_o whet_v that_o tongue_n of_o his_o which_o short_o after_o be_v in_o that_o sort_n to_o be_v cut_v out_o against_o vitellius_n which_o turn_v to_o his_o great_a reproach_n and_o infamy_n for_o that_o himself_o even_o then_o rail_v upon_o vitellius_n in_o so_o bad_a term_n and_o lose_v his_o tongue_n for_o his_o labour_n but_o to_o conclude_v what_o be_v it_o that_o art_n and_o the_o wit_n of_o man_n have_v not_o devise_v for_o there_o be_v a_o mean_v find_v to_o make_v a_o strong_a kind_n of_o mortar_n or_o cement_n by_o the_o break_a shard_n of_o potter_n vessel_n if_o the_o same_o be_v ground_n into_o powder_n and_o temper_v with_o lime_n and_o the_o order_n of_o it_o in_o this_o manner_n cause_v it_o to_o be_v more_o firm_a and_o last_v the_o long_o and_o such_o they_o call_v signina_fw-la and_o hereby_o also_o man_n have_v find_v out_o certain_a durable_a pavement_n of_o that_o kind_n chap._n xiii_o ¶_o the_o variety_n of_o sundry_a kind_n of_o earth_n of_o the_o dust_n or_o sand_n of_o puteoli_n and_o of_o other_o sort_n of_o earth_n which_o will_v harden_v as_o a_o stone_n over_o &_o beside_o the_o cement_n above_o name_v there_o be_v other_o parcel_n that_o the_o earth_n itself_o do_v afford_v fit_a to_o be_v lay_v in_o pave_v work_n for_o who_o can_v sufficient_o wonder_v at_o this_o namely_o that_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o it_o which_o thereupon_o be_v calll_v dust_n and_o sand_n as_o it_o be_v the_o very_a excrement_n thereof_o shall_v be_v of_o that_o nature_n upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o hill_n of_o puteoli_n as_o be_v oppose_v against_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o continual_o drench_v &_o drown_v therewith_o shall_v become_v a_o stone_n so_o compact_a and_o unite_v together_o as_o it_o be_v into_o a_o rock_n that_o it_o scorn_v all_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o surge_a billow_n which_o be_v not_o able_a to_o undermine_v and_o pierce_v the_o same_o but_o harden_v every_o day_n more_o than_o other_o even_o as_o if_o it_o be_v temper_v with_o the_o strong_a cement_n of_o cume_n of_o the_o same_o property_n be_v the_o earth_n within_o the_o country_n about_o cyzicum_n only_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n that_o not_o the_o dust_n or_o sand_n there_o but_o the_o earth_n itself_o cut_v out_o into_o what_o parcel_n you_o will_v in_o case_n it_o be_v drench_v in_o the_o sea_n water_n a_o certain_a time_n be_v take_v forth_o again_o a_o very_a hard_a stone_n the_o same_o by_o report_n happen_v about_o the_o city_n cassandria_n as_o also_o about_o gnidos_n in_o a_o fountain_n of_o fresh_a water_n wherein_o if_o earth_n do_v lie_v within_o the_o space_n of_o eight_o month_n it_o will_v turn_v to_o be_v a_o stone_n certes_o all_o the_o way_n as_o a_o man_n go_v from_o oropus_n as_o far_o as_o to_o aulis_n what_o ground_n soever_o be_v beat_v upon_o by_o the_o water_n change_v into_o rock_n and_o stone_n there_o be_v find_v also_o in_o nilus_n a_o certain_a sand_n whereof_o the_o fine_a part_n differ_v not_o much_o from_o that_o of_o puteoli_n before_o say_v not_o in_o regard_n that_o it_o be_v so_o strong_a as_o to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o the_o sea-water_n &_o to_o beat_v back_o the_o wave_n but_o to_o subdue_v and_o crush_v the_o body_n of_o our_o young_a gentleman_n and_o therefore_o serve_v well_o in_o the_o public_a place_n of_o wrestle_v for_o those_o that_o be_v give_v to_o such_o exercise_n and_o for_o this_o purpose_n very_o be_v it_o bring_v from_o thence_o by_o sea_n to_o patrobius_n a_o slave_n late_o enfranchise_v by_o nero_n the_o emperor_n i_o read_v also_o that_o leonatus_n cratus_fw-la and_o meleager_n who_o be_v great_a captain_n under_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o follow_v his_o court_n be_v wont_a to_o have_v this_o sand_n carry_v with_o they_o with_o other_o baggage_n belong_v to_o the_o camp_n but_o i_o mean_v not_o to_o write_v any_o more_o of_o this_o argument_n no_o more_o very_o than_o of_o the_o use_n of_o earth_n in_o those_o place_n where_o our_o youth_n anoint_v their_o body_n against_o they_o shall_v wrestle_v wherein_o our_o youth_n addict_v themselves_o so_o much_o to_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o body_n that_o they_o have_v spoil_v themselves_o otherwise_o and_o lose_v the_o vigour_n of_o the_o mind_n chap._n xiiii_o ¶_o of_o mudwall_n of_o brick_n wall_n and_o the_o order_n and_o manner_n of_o make_v they_o what_o shall_v we_o say_v see_v we_o not_o in_o africa_n and_o spain_n both_o certain_a wall_n of_o earth_n which_o they_o call_v wall_n formacei_n of_o the_o form_n and_o frame_v that_o be_v make_v of_o plank_n and_o board_n of_o each_o side_n between_o which_o a_o man_n may_v say_v they_o be_v rather_o infarce_v &_o stuff_v up_o than_o otherwise_o lay_v and_o rear_v orderly_o but_o i_o assure_v you_o the_o earth_n thus_o infarce_v continue_v a_o world_n of_o year_n and_o perish_v not_o check_v the_o violence_n of_o rain_n wind_n and_o fire_n no_o mortar_n and_o cement_n so_o stiff_a and_o strong_a there_o be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o diverse_a part_n of_o spain_n the_o watchtower_n of_o hannibal_n the_o high_a turret_n and_o sconce_n also_o rear_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o hill_n make_v all_o of_o earth_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v our_o turf_n which_o natural_o be_v so_o proper_a not_o only_o for_o the_o rampier_n and_o fortification_n of_o a_o camp_n but_o also_o for_o wharf_n bank_n and_o buttress_n to_o break_v the_o violence_n and_o inundation_n of_o river_n as_o for_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v wall_n by_o daub_v wind_a and_o hurdle_n with_o mud_n and_o clay_n also_o of_o rear_v they_o otherwhiles_o with_o unbaked_a brick_n who_o be_v so_o ignorant_a that_o he_o know_v it_o not_o howbeit_o for_o to_o make_v good_a brick_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v of_o any_o soil_n that_o be_v full_a of_o sand_n and_o gravel_n much_o less_o than_o of_o that_o which_o stand_v much_o upon_o grit_n &_o stone_n but_o of_o a_o greyish_a marvel_n or_o whitish_a chalky_a clay_n or_o at_o leastwise_o a_o red_a earth_n but_o in_o case_n we_o be_v force_v to_o use_v that_o which_o be_v give_v to_o be_v sandy_a yet_o we_o must_v choose_v that_o kind_n of_o sand_n which_o be_v tough_a and_o strong_a the_o best_a season_n to_o make_v these_o brick_n or_o tile_n be_v in_o the_o spring_n time_n for_o in_o the_o mid_n of_o summer_n they_o will_v cleave_v and_o be_v full_a of_o chink_n but_o if_o you_o will_v have_v good_a brick_n for_o building_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v two_o year_n old_a at_o the_o least_o now_o the_o batter_v or_o loom_n that_o go_v to_o the_o make_n of_o they_o aught_o to_o be_v well_o steep_v and_o soak_a in_o water_n before_o it_o be_v fashion_v into_o brick_n or_o tile_n brick_n be_v make_v of_o three_o size_n the_o ordinary_a brick_n that_o we_o use_v be_v call_v didoron_n which_o carry_v in_o length_n one_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a and_o in_o breadth_n a_o foot_n a_o second_o sort_n be_v name_v tetradoron_n i_o three_o foot_n long_o and_o the_o three_o pentadoron_n of_o three_o foot_n and_o nine_o inch_n in_o length_n for_o the_o greek_n in_o old_a time_n call_v the_o span_n or_o space_n of_o the_o hand_n from_o the_o thumb_n to_o the_o little_a finger_n end_v stretch_v out_o doron_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o gift_n and_o reward_n be_v call_v in_o their_o language_n dora_n for_o that_o they_o be_v present_v by_o the_o hand_n you_o see_v therefore_o how_o according_a to_o the_o length_n that_o they_o carry_v either_o of_o four_o or_o five_o span_n they_o have_v their_o denomination_n of_o tetradora_n or_o pentadora_n for_o the_o breadth_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o in_o they_o all_o to_o wit_n one_o foot_n over_o now_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n in_o the_o size_n in_o greece_n the_o
before_o rehearse_v there_o be_v other_o sort_n of_o earth_n have_v a_o property_n by_o themselves_o which_o i_o have_v name_v heretofore_o but_o in_o this_o place_n i_o be_o to_o set_v down_o their_o nature_n and_o virtue_n also_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o earth_n come_v out_o of_o the_o isle_n galata_n and_o about_o clupea_n in_o africa_n which_o kill_v scorpion_n like_v as_o the_o balearike_v and_o ebusitane_a earth_n be_v the_o death_n of_o other_o serpent_n the_o xxxvi_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o nature_n write_v by_o c._n plinius_n secundus_fw-la the_o proem_n chap._n i._n ¶_o the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o stone_n the_o excessive_a expense_n in_o column_n and_o building_n of_o marble_n it_o remain_v now_o to_o write_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o stone_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o principal_a point_n of_o all_o enormous_a abuse_n and_o the_o very_a height_n of_o wasteful_a superfluity_n yea_o though_o we_o shall_v keep_v silence_n and_o say_v nothing_o either_o of_o precious_a stone_n and_o amber_n or_o of_o crystal_n and_o cassidonie_n for_o all_o thing_n else_o which_o we_o have_v handle_v heretofore_o even_o to_o this_o book_n may_v seem_v in_o some_o sort_n to_o have_v be_v make_v for_o man_n but_o as_o for_o mountain_n nature_n have_v frame_v they_o for_o her_o own_o self_n partly_o to_o strengthen_v as_o it_o be_v certain_a joint_n within_o the_o vein_n and_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n partly_o to_o â—…ame_v the_o violence_n of_o great_a river_n &_o to_o break_v the_o force_n of_o surge_a wave_n and_o inundation_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o in_o one_o word_n by_o that_o substance_n and_o matter_n whereof_o they_o stand_v which_o of_o all_o other_o be_v most_o hard_a to_o restrain_v and_o keep_v within_o bound_n that_o unruly_a element_n of_o the_o water_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o for_o our_o wanton_a pleasure_n and_o nothing_o else_o we_o cut_v and_o hew_v we_o load_n and_o carry_v away_o those_o huge_a hill_n and_o inaccessible_a rock_n which_o otherwise_o to_o pass_v only_o over_o be_v think_v a_o wonder_n our_o ancestor_n in_o time_n past_o repute_v it_o a_o miracle_n and_o in_o manner_n prodigious_a that_o first_o annibal_n and_o afterward_o the_o cimbrian_o surmount_v the_o alps_o but_o now_o even_o the_o same_o mountain_n we_o pierce_v through_o with_o pickeaxe_n and_o mattock_n for_o to_o get_v out_o thereof_o a_o thousand_o sort_n of_o marble_n we_o cleave_v the_o cape_n and_o promontory_n we_o lay_v they_o open_v for_o the_o sea_n to_o let_v it_o in_o down_o we_o go_v with_o their_o head_n as_o if_o we_o will_v lay_v the_o whole_a world_n even_o and_o make_v all_o level_a the_o mighty_a mountain_n set_v as_o limit_n to_o bound_v the_o frontier_n of_o diverse_a country_n and_o to_o separate_v one_o nation_n from_o another_o those_o we_o transport_v and_o carry_v from_o their_o native_a seat_n ship_n we_o build_v of_o purpose_n for_o to_o fraught_v with_o marble_n the_o cliff_n and_o top_n of_o high_a hill_n they_o carry_v too_o and_o fro_o amid_o the_o wave_n and_o billow_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o never_o fear_v the_o danger_n of_o that_o most_o fell_a and_o cruel_a element_n wherein_o very_o we_o surpass_v the_o madness_n and_o vanity_n of_o those_o who_o search_v as_o high_a as_o the_o cloud_n for_o a_o cup_n to_o drink_v our_o water_n cold_a and_o hollow_a the_o rock_n that_o in_o manner_n touch_v the_o heaven_n and_o all_o to_o drink_v out_o of_o ice_n ice_n now_o let_v every_o man_n think_v with_o himself_o what_o excessive_a price_n of_o these_o stone_n he_o shall_v hear_v anon_o and_o what_o monstrous_a piece_n and_o mass_n he_o see_v draw_v and_o carry_v both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n let_v he_o consider_v withal_o how_o much_o more_o fair_a and_o happy_a a_o life_n many_o a_o man_n shall_v have_v without_o all_o this_o and_o how_o many_o can_v choose_v but_o die_v for_o it_o whensoever_o they_o go_v about_o to_o do_v or_o if_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o true_o to_o suffer_v this_o enterprise_n also_o for_o what_o use_n else_o or_o pleasure_n rather_o but_o only_o that_o they_o may_v lie_v in_o bed_n and_o chamber_n of_o stone_n that_o forsooth_o be_v spot_v as_o if_o they_o never_o regard_v how_o the_o darkness_n of_o the_o night_n bereave_v the_o one_o half_a of_o each_o man_n life_n of_o these_o delight_n and_o joy_n when_o i_o ponder_v and_o weigh_v these_o thing_n in_o my_o mind_n i_o must_v needs_o think_v great_a shame_n &_o impute_v a_o great_a fault_n to_o our_o forefather_n that_o live_v long_o sincen_v &_o blush_v in_o their_o behalf_n law_n be_v enact_v and_o prohibition_n publish_v by_o the_o censor_n and_o those_o remain_v upon_o record_n forbid_v express_o that_o neither_o the_o kernelly_n part_n of_o a_o boar_n neck_n nor_o dormouse_n &_o other_o small_a matter_n than_o these_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o shall_v be_v serve_v up_o to_o the_o board_n at_o great_a feast_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o restraint_n of_o bring_v in_o marble_n or_o of_o sail_v into_o foreign_a part_n for_o the_o same_o there_o be_v no_o act_n or_o statute_n ordain_v chap._n ii_o ¶_o who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o show_v marble_n stone_n in_o column_n or_o any_o public_a work_n at_o rome_n but_o some_o man_n haply_o may_v reply_v again_o upon_o i_o and_o say_v what_o need_n be_v there_o of_o any_o such_o ordinance_n consider_v there_o be_v no_o marble_n in_o those_o day_n bring_v in_o from_o strange_a country_n unto_o who_o i_o answer_v that_o it_o be_v a_o mere_a untruth_n for_o even_o our_o progenitor_n of_o who_o i_o speak_v see_v well_o enough_o how_o in_o that_o year_n when_o m._n scaurus_n be_v aedile_n there_o be_v not_o few_o than_o 360_o pillar_n of_o marble_n transport_v to_o rome_n for_o the_o front_n and_o stage_n of_o a_o theatre_n which_o be_v to_o continue_v a_o small_a while_n and_o scarce_o to_o be_v use_v one_o month_n to_o a_o end_n and_o yet_o no_o law_n there_o be_v to_o check_v and_o control_n he_o for_o it_o but_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v again_o the_o magistrate_n wink_v hereat_o because_o he_o do_v all_o this_o for_o a_o public_a pleasure_n to_o the_o whole_a city_n during_o the_o play_n exhibit_v by_o he_o in_o his_o aedileship_n marry_o that_o be_v it_o that_o i_o will_v have_v what_o reason_n i_o pray_v you_o have_v they_o so_o to_o do_v by_o what_o mean_v more_o do_v abuse_n and_o inormity_n creep_v into_o a_o city_n or_o state_n than_o by_o a_o public_a precedent_n give_v for_o i_o assure_v you_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o such_o example_n at_o the_o first_o that_o bring_v those_o other_o thing_n i_o mean_v ivory_n gold_n jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n to_o be_v use_v by_o private_a person_n so_o common_o as_o they_o be_v in_o their_o house_n plate_n and_o ornament_n and_o what_o have_v we_o leave_v and_o reserve_v at_o all_o for_o the_o very_a god_n to_o have_v since_o that_o we_o lie_v so_o much_o upon_o ourselves_o but_o say_v that_o in_o those_o day_n they_o do_v tolerat_o this_o excess_n in_o scaurus_n because_o of_o the_o pastime_n he_o do_v exhibit_v to_o the_o whole_a city_n what_o be_v they_o silent_a also_o and_o make_v no_o word_n when_o the_o say_v scaurus_n cause_v the_o big_a of_o all_o these_o column_n yea_o those_o that_o be_v forty_o foot_n high_a within_o twain_o and_o the_o same_o of_o lucullean_a black_a marble_n to_o be_v erect_v and_o place_v in_o the_o court_n before_o his_o own_o house_n in_o mount_n palatine_n and_o lest_o any_o man_n shall_v say_v that_o this_o be_v do_v in_o secret_a and_o huck_a mucker_n know_v he_o that_o when_o these_o pillar_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v up_o into_o the_o mount_n palatine_n where_o his_o house_n stand_v the_o bailife_n that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o public_a sink_v vault_v under_o the_o ground_n deal_v with_o scaurus_n for_o good_a security_n yea_o and_o demand_v caution_n and_o surety_n for_o satisfy_v of_o all_o harm_n and_o damage_n that_o may_v be_v occasion_v by_o their_o carriage_n so_o huge_a and_o heavy_a they_o be_v consider_v then_o this_o bad_a example_n so_o prejudicial_a to_o all_o good_a manner_n and_o so_o hurtful_a to_o posterity_n have_v it_o not_o be_v better_o for_o the_o city_n to_o have_v cut_v off_o these_o superfluity_n by_o wholesome_a law_n and_o edict_n than_o thus_o to_o permit_v such_o huge_a and_o proud_a pillar_n to_o be_v carry_v unto_o a_o private_a house_n up_o into_o the_o palatine_a mount_n even_o under_o the_o nose_n of_o the_o god_n who_o image_n be_v but_o of_o earth_n and_o hard_o by_o their_o temple_n that_o have_v for_o their_o cover_n and_o louver_v no_o better_a than_o such_o as_o be_v make_v of_o potter_n cley_n chap._n iii_o ¶_o the_o first_o man_n who_o have_v at_o