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earth_n account_v pole_n zone_n 15 3 12.8655 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A52257 Cosmographia, or, A view of the terrestrial and cœlestial globes in a brief explanation of the principles of plain and solid geometry applied to surveying and gauging of cask : the doctrine of primum mobile : with an account of the Juilan & Gregorian calendars, and the computation of the places of the sun, moon, and fixed stars ... : to which is added an introduction unto geography / by John Newton ... Newton, John, 1622-1678. 1679 (1679) Wing N1055; ESTC R17177 190,483 519

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earth_n contain_v between_o three_o parallel_n the_o middlemo●_n whereof_o divide_v it_o into_o two_o equal_a part_n serve_v for_o the_o set_n out_o the_o length_n and_o shortness_n of_o the_o day_n in_o every_o country_n 10._o these_o climate_n and_o the_o parallel_n by_o which_o they_o be_v contain_v be_v none_o of_o they_o of_o equal_a quantity_n for_o the_o first_o clime_n as_o also_o the_o parallel_n beginning_n at_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v large_a than_o the_o second_o and_o the_o second_o be_v likewise_o great_a than_o the_o three_o 11._o the_o ancient_n reckon_v but_o seven_o climate_n at_o the_o first_o to_o which_o number_n there_o be_v afterward_o add_v two_o more_o so_o that_o in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o number_n be_v comprehend_v fourteen_o parallel_n but_o in_o the_o latter_a eighteen_o 12._o ptolemy_n account_v the_o parallel_n 38_o each_o way_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la that_o be_v 38_o towards_o the_o north_n and_o as_o many_o towards_o the_o south_n 24_o of_o 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the_o poor_a bishop_n unfortunate_a only_o in_o be_v learn_v in_o such_o a_o time_n of_o ignorance_n be_v condemn_v of_o heresy_n but_o god_n have_v blessed_v this_o latter_a age_n of_o the_o world_n with_o more_o understanding_n whereby_o we_o clear_o see_v those_o thing_n which_o either_o be_v unknown_a or_o but_o blind_o guess_v at_o by_o the_o ancient_n 18._o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n be_v the_o water_n which_o be_v common_o divide_v into_o these_o part_n or_o distinguish_v by_o these_o name_n oceanus_n mare_n fretum_n sinus_n lacus_n and_o flumen_n 19_o and_o first_o oceanus_n or_o the_o ocean_n be_v that_o general_a collection_n of_o all_o water_n which_o encompass_v the_o earth_n on_o every_o side_n 20._o mare_fw-la the_o sea_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n to_o which_o we_o can_v come_v but_o through_o some_o fretum_n or_o strait_n as_o mare_n
90_o begin_v again_o with_o 10._o 20._o 30_o etc._n etc._n be_v for_o that_o the_o use_n of_o this_o meridian_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o division_n in_o degree_n require_v no_o more_o than_o that_o number_n 12._o the_o horizon_n be_v a_o great_a circle_n without_o the_o globe_n which_o divide_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o heaven_n from_o the_o low_a so_o that_o the_o one_o half_a be_v always_o above_o that_o circle_n and_o the_o other_o under_o it_o 13._o the_o pole_n of_o this_o circle_n be_v two_o the_o one_o direct_o over_o our_o head_n and_o be_v call_v the_o zenith_n the_o other_o be_v under_o foot_n and_o be_v call_v the_o nadir_n 14._o the_o horizon_n be_v either_o rational_a or_o sensible_a 15._o the_o rational_a horizon_n be_v that_o which_o divide_v the_o heaven_n and_o the_o earth_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n which_o though_o it_o can_v be_v perceive_v and_o distinguish_v by_o the_o eye_n yet_o may_v be_v conceive_v i●_n our_o mind_n in_o which_o respect_n all_o the_o star_n may_v be_v conceive_v to_o rise_v and_o set_v as_o in_o our_o view_n 16._o the_o visible_a horizon_n be_v that_o circle_n which_o the_o eye_n do_v make_v at_o its_o far_a extent_n of_o sight_n when_o the_o body_n in_o any_o particular_a place_n do_v turn_v itself_o round_o of_o these_o two_o circle_n there_o need_v no_o more_o to_o be_v say_v at_o present_a only_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o it_o be_v ingenious_o devise_v by_o those_o who_o first_o think_v upon_o it_o to_o set_v one_o meridian_n and_o one_o horizon_n without_o the_o globe_n to_o avoid_v the_o confusion_n if_o not_o the_o impossibility_n of_o draw_v a_o several_a meridian_n and_o a_o several_a horizon_n for_o every_o place_n which_o must_v have_v be_v do_v if_o this_o or_o the_o like_a device_n have_v not_o be_v think_v upon_o 17._o beside_o these_o two_o great_a circle_n without_o the_o globe_n there_o be_v 4_o other_o great_a circle_n draw_v upon_o the_o globe_n itself_o beside_o the_o meridian_n 1._o the_o aequator_fw-la or_o equinoctial_a circle_n 2._o the_o zodiac_n 3._o the_o aequinoctial_a colour_n 4._o solstitial_a colour_n and_o these_o four_o circle_n be_v immutable_a that_o be_v in_o whatsoever_o part_n of_o the_o world_n you_o be_v these_o circle_n have_v no_o variation_n as_o the_o other_o two_o have_v 18._o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v a_o great_a circle_n draw_v upon_o the_o globe_n in_o the_o middle_n between_o the_o two_o pole_n and_o plain_o divide_v the_o globe_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n 19_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o primum_fw-la mobile_n for_o 15_o degree_n of_o this_o circle_n do_v always_o arise_v in_o a_o hour_n time_n the_o which_o do_v clear_o show_v that_o the_o whole_a heaven_n be_v turn_v round_o by_o equal_a interval_n in_o the_o space_n of_o one_o day_n or_o 24_o hour_n 20._o in_o this_o circle_n the_o declination_n of_o the_o star_n be_v compute_v from_o the_o mid-heaven_n towards_o the_o north_n or_o south_n 21._o this_o circle_n give_v denomination_n to_o the_o aequinox_n for_o the_o sun_n do_v twice_o in_o a_o year_n and_o no_o more_o cross_v this_o circle_n to_o wit_n when_o he_o enter_v the_o first_o point_n of_o aries_n and_o libra_n and_o then_o he_o make_v the_o day_n and_o the_o night_n equal_a his_o entrance_n into_o aries_n be_v in_o march_n and_o be_v call_v the_o vernal_a equinox_n and_o his_o entrance_n into_o libra_n be_v in_o september_n and_o be_v call_v the_o autumnal_a equinox_n 22._o and_o from_o one_o certain_a point_n in_o this_o circle_n the_o longitude_n of_o place_n upon_o the_o earth_n be_v reckon_v and_o the_o latitude_n of_o place_n be_v reckon_v from_o this_o circle_n towards_o the_o north_n or_o the_o south_n poles_n 23._o the_o zodiac_n be_v a_o great_a circle_n draw_v upon_o the_o globe_n cut_v the_o aequinoctial_a point_n at_o oblique_a angle_n for_o although_o it_o divide_v the_o whole_a world_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o own_o pole_n yet_o in_o reference_n to_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n it_o have_v a_o oblique_a motion_n 24._o the_o pole_n of_o this_o circle_n be_v as_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n as_o the_o great_a obliquity_n thereof_o be_v from_o the_o equinoctial_a that_o be_v 23_o degree_n and_o 31_o minute_n or_o thereabouts_o 25._o this_o circle_n do_v differ_v from_o all_o other_o circle_n upon_o the_o globe_n in_o this_o other_o circle_n to_o speak_v proper_o have_v longitude_n assign_v they_o but_o no_o latitude_n but_o this_o have_v both_o whereas_o other_o circle_n be_v in_o reference_n to_o their_o longitude_n or_o rotundity_n only_o divide_v into_o 360_o degree_n this_o circle_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o latitude_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o 16_o degree_n in_o latitude_n 26._o the_o zodiac_n then_o in_o respect_n of_o longitude_n be_v common_o divide_v into_o 360_o degree_n as_o other_o circle_n be_v but_o more_o peculiarly_a in_o respect_n of_o its_o self_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o 12_o part_n call_v sign_n and_o each_o sign_n into_o 30_o degree_n and_o 12_o time_n 30_o do_v make_v 360._o 27._o the_o 12_o sign_n into_o which_o the_o zodiac_n be_v divide_v have_v these_o name_n and_o character_n aries_n ♈_o taurus_n ♉_o gemini_fw-la ♊_o cancer_n ♋_o leo_n ♌_o virgo_fw-la ♍_o libra_n ♎_o scorpio_n ♏_o sagittarius_fw-la ♐_o capricornus_fw-la ♑_o aquarius_n ♒_o and_o pisces_fw-la ♓_o 28._o these_o two_o circle_n of_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o zodiack_n be_v cross_v by_o two_o other_o great_a circle_n which_o be_v call_v colour_n they_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o world_n and_o cut_v one_o another_o as_o well_o as_o the_o equator_fw-la at_o right_a angle_n one_o of_o they_o pass_v through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n and_o be_v call_v the_o equinoctial_a colour_n the_o other_o pass_v through_o the_o point_n of_o the_o great_a distance_n of_o the_o zodiac_n from_o the_o equator_fw-la and_o be_v call_v the_o solstitial_a colour_n 29._o the_o other_o great_a circle_n describe_v upon_o the_o globe_n be_v the_o meridian_n where_o we_o must_v not_o think_v much_o to_o hear_v of_o the_o meridian_n again_o that_o of_o brass_n without_o the_o globe_n be_v to_o serve_v all_o turn_n and_o the_o globe_n be_v frame_v to_o apply_v itself_o thereto_o the_o meridian_n upon_o the_o globe_n will_v easy_o be_v perceive_v to_o be_v of_o a_o new_a and_o another_o use_n 30._o the_o meridian_n upon_o the_o globe_n be_v either_o the_o great_a or_o the_o less_o not_o that_o the_o great_a be_v any_o great_a than_o the_o less_o for_o they_o have_v all_o one_o and_o the_o same_o centre_n and_o equal_o pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o those_o which_o be_v call_v less_o be_v of_o less_o use_n than_o that_o which_o be_v call_v the_o great_a 31._o the_o great_a be_v otherwise_o call_v the_o fix_v and_o first_o meridian_n to_o which_o the_o less_o be_v second_o and_o 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