of the Astrolobe to knowe the true wydenesse of any Water or howe farre that anye Shyppe is of from you or to take anye great distaunce by layinge the Astrolobe flatte beefore you with the Skall vpwardes The Eight Chapter sheweth vnto you if that you doe knowe the distaunce then you maye knowe whether it bee higher grounde or lower then the place that you are vpon how much both by the partes of the Skall and by the degrees and also you may know whether that one Ship be hygher then another The ninth Chapter sheweth the makinge of a Crosse-staffe that in some cases is better then the Skall of the Astrolobe or Quadrant The tenth Chapter sheweth how for to vse the crossestaffe for to knowe the length of any wall or the distaunce betweene any 2. markes and also the distance from you vnto any wall or marke The eleuenth Chapter sheweth you how for to take the length of a wall when that you haue not grounde large yenough for your .2 stations or standings The twelfe Chapter sheweth you howe for to know the distaunce vnto any 2. markes or to the 2. endes of any wall by the extracting of the square roote The thirteenth Chapter sheweth howe for to knowe the distaunce vnto any marke with the Crossestaffe without the extracting of the roote and also howe for to take the height of any thing with the Crossestaffe The fourteenth Chapter sheweth vnto you howe that you shall know the distaunce of any shippe from you and you being in another shippe and both the shippes vnder sayle and goyng by the crosse staffe The fifteenth Chapter sheweth vnto you how that you shall make an instrument whereby that you you maye describe a region or countrey whiche you may call a Horizontall and also howe for to take the plat of any ground The sixteenth Chapter sheweth you howe to make a Trounke or Skall of measure in a Mappe or Carde whereby you maye knowe the distaunce in myles that it is from one towne to another The seuenteenth Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you may make a Carde or mappe for any countrey placing in it the true longitude and the true latitude and also howe for to knowe the true longitude and the true latitude The eyghteenth Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you may place all the principall riuers or waters truely in anye Carde or Mappe Finis The Argument of the seconde Booke of the Treasure for Trauailers The second booke of the Treasure for Trauaylers shewing howe by the longitude and latitude of any Cytye Towne or place for to knowe the distance in myles vnto them and also by what poynt or winde of the compasse they be from you And also there is shewed in this booke how dyuers notable Cyties Townes or places doe beare from the Citie of London both in Europe Africa Asia and America with sundry principall Ilands in the sea both by what distance they be in myles from London and what winde or poynt of the compas they are frō Londō also theyr longest day the diuersitie aspect that is to say howe much the Moone shal chaūge rather or later then it doth at the Cytie of London being very necessary for all sortes of traualers eyther by Sea or by Lande Written by william Bourne ¶ To the courteous Reader FRiendely Reader there is conteyned in this seconde Booke how by the longitude and the Latitude to knowe the distance vnto what quarter of the worlde that anye place assigned is from you that is to saye how many miles according vnto our english accoumpt and by what poynt of the Compasse anye Citie or Towne or any other notable Place is from you wheresoeuer you bee vppon the face of the whole Earth And for that the Citie of LONDON is the most notable the famousest place heere in ENGLANDE therfore I haue thought it good to assigne the Citie of London to be the place appoynted how farre sundrye notable Cities and Townes and other places worthy of memorye are from the citie of Londō both their distance in miles vnto what quarter of the world they doe beare from the Citie of London according to their longitude and latirude accordingly as sundrye authors haue set downe their longitude and latitude and also there is contayned in this second Booke the diuersitie aspecte that is to saye how much that the Moone shall change rather or later then it doth at London according vnto the Longitude of the places that are mentioned in this second Booke and also the length of the longest Sommer day at the places named in this secōd Booke according vnto the latitudes of the places sette downe in this seconde Booke And for that there is no person that hath trauailed generally through the face of the whole earth therefore they must needes of force folowe such authours as haue written therof whether they be true or not and therefore you must needs take thē as they be for otherwise I know not how it is possible for to doe it but onely to folowe the best and most Learned authors that haue written in those causes And yet the learned men that haue bene afore time must of force folow those that haue giuen vnto them the notes of the longitude and the Latitudes of any places that they haue not bene at them selues whether they be true or not And there bee a number of persons who if they doe fynde but a small fault in any Booke then by that meanes they will goe about to discredit the whole matter often repeatinge the matter yf they doe fynde any errour in it as who shoulde saye what a cunning man he is although in all the rest of the whole booke hee is not able to say any thing thereunto And it may bee possible that hee may haue no iudgement in the rest of the causes how necessarie so euer the rest of the substance of the matter is Wherefore gentle Readers if you doe finde any fault in this Booke then gently geue me warning thereof and if you doe amende the faultes therin contayned then I shall bee the more beholding vnto you c. For as touching the longitude and the latitude of places men must credit those that haue beene there for the trueth of the matter and yet euery man that hath bene at any place cannot do it for the .100 person that hath trauailed vnto places is not able to take the true latitude but much lesse the longitude of any place And furthermore as touching the true distaunce vnto any place assigned that cannot bee by any one poynt of the Compasse as is declared in this Booke c. And thus gentle Readers I betake you vnto the almightye God for euermore ¶ The second booke of the treasure for Trauaylers The first Chapter of the Second booke shewing you how for to know the distance vnto any Towne vpon the face of the earth and what is to be considered in the doing thereof c. NOwe
beginneth the second booke shewing by longitude and by latitude the dystance vnto any Towne or Citie or place vpon the face of the earth keping one poynt or winde ouer the Sea and LANDE although that it be not the very nearest way for the very nearest way ouer the Sea and Land can not be by one poynt of the Compasse except it be vpon the Meridian lyne that is due South or due North from you or being vnder the Equinoctial to be due East or West But if it be in any other place from vnder the Equinoctiall although it be due East or West both the places to be vnder one Paralell yet in the going due East and West is not the nearest way ouer the Sea and Land but the next way ouer the Sea and Lande is by diuers wyndes or poyntes of the compasse and the further frō the Equinoctial to eyther of the two poles the greater chaunging of the poyntes of the compasse For the next way ouer the Sea and the Land vnto any place is to goe by the great circle which is equall vnto the Equinoctiall or the Meridian circle which will not be according vnto any one poynt of the compasse but vnto dyuers as for proofe thereof you shall haue this for an ensample thus that in the latitude of .60 degrees that there were two Townes or places in that paralell the one being opposite or right against the other that is .180 degrees and a degree in that paralel doth containe .30 myles And nowe to goe iust East or West in that paralel to come vnto the place assigned it is .5400 myles as for proofe therof multiply .180 tymes .30 but that is not the next way vnto the place assygned but the next way is to goe by the Merydian lyne that is to say to goe due North vntill you do come ryght vnder the pole and then to goe by that Merydian due South tyll you haue that latitude agayne and then it is but .3600 myles as you may knowe by playne multiplycation as it is from the latitude of .90 degrees vnto the pole to go due North .30 degrees and from the pole Southward agayne other .30 degrees that is in all .60 degrees and then to multyply .60 tymes .60 it sheweth the true dystance which is but .3600 myles And to goe by the paralell lyne that is due East or West then it is .5400 myles that is halfe so much more as by playne proofe you may know But if the two places be both vnderneth one paralel be shorter thē 180. degrees asūder thē it requireth to go by diuers points of the compasse and not by the Meridian according vnto the passing of the great circle which doth conteine in circumference 21600. myles which is the greatest compasse of the earth and not according vnto moe paralels then one which is the Equinoctial nether vnto no one poynt of the compasse for any poynt of the Compasse will bring you vnto the poles of the worlde or verye neare excepte those that be pararel which is East or West as all ryght lynes drawe being extended exceptynge lynes paralell will Crosse the other in the ende so all the poyntes of the Compasse doe winde vntyl they doe come vnto the poles or very neare the poles of the world as they be all Hilicall or Spherall lynes Wherefore there is no one poynt or wynde that can be prescribed to be the next way by that poynt vnto any place assygned but onely the Meridyan lyne or lynes and to goe East and West then to be vnder the Equinoctiall for the nexte way els is by sundry poyntes of the compasse c. Wherefore I omitte to say any more thereof but onely to shew vnto you how for to know the dystance vnto any Towne or place situated vpon the lace of the whole earth by any one assygned poynte of the compasse then for to knowe the true distaunce ouer the Sea and the lande And I doo shewe it thys waye for two causes the first is this for that it is not possible to passe the next way by the meanes of the frozen Zone Wherfore it is supposed that it is not nauigable in those Seas neyther passageable by lande in those Countreys and the seconde cause is this as before is declared in the goyng the next waye it dooth require to goe by sundry poyntes of the compasse which woulde be but a confused matter for the most part of those persons that doo desire to knowe the distaunce vnto any place assigned neyther shall he knowe so readily which way it standeth or beareth from him And furthermore in the knowing the distaunce vnto any place assigned and by what poynt of the compasse it beareth this is to be considered that the Longitude dooth begin at the Meridian of the Cannary Iland and so to follow vnto the Eastwardes and so ending at .360 againe at the Cannary Ilandes as I doo shewe in my booke called the Regiment for the Sea The second Chapter sheweth vnto you howe you may knowe the distaunce vnto any Towne situate vppon the face of the whole earth so that you do◠knowe the true Longitude and the true Latitude of them NOw furthermore if that you doo know the Longitude and the Latitude of any towne or townes situate vppon the earth you may know the distaunce vnto them as before is declared as thus If that the towne be iust East or West from you that is to say that your towne or place is vnder the Paralel that the other towne is that is to say that the Pole artike of that towne or place is so manye degrees aboue the Horizon as your towne is both in degrees and minutes then shall you seeke how many degrees of Longitude the other towne dooth differ frō yours then you shall seeke how many myles that one degree shal answere vnto it in that paralel and then you shall multiplie the one by the other that is to say the degrees by the myles and that summe which commeth of that multiplication shal be the distance betweene the two townes as for ensample thus by the Citie of London Answerpe in Brabant which differeth but .4 minutes in Latitude for at London the Pole is raised .51 degrees .32 minutes and at the Citie of Antwerpe the Pole is raised .51 degrees .28 minutes therefore we be both vnder one paralel Now the Longitude of London is from the Cannarie Ilandes .19 degrees and .54 minutes and Antwerpes Longitude is .26 degrees .36 minutes so that Antwerpe standeth East from London .6 degrees .42 minutes Now must I know how many miles a degree conteineth in that paralel and of that I doo make mention in my booke called The Regiment for the Sea in the .16 Chapter and that I doo finde to be .37 myles to one degree Thē I multiplie .6 times .37 because that it is .6 degrees .37 myles to one degree and of
maâ—ing of the Crosse staffe How to vse the Crosse staffe to take the widnes and the distance of any thing An other ensample Ensample To know the distaunce vnto any two marks by the extracting of the square roote To knowe the distance vnto any marke with y e Crosse staffe without the extracting of the roote An ensample As touching the taking of heightes with the crossestaffe As touching the knowing the height of any shippes toppe How to know the dâ—stance vnto any ship An ensample Another ensample The second obseruation To know the distaunce vnto any place An Ensample How to make a tronck or Skal of measure to know the distance froÌ„ any one towne vnto another An ensample how to reply a payre of compasses to know the distance vnto any town assygned in any carde or Map The vinyard myll How to make a carde or plâ—â— Tipographâ—e and to place the longitude and the latitude in it How to take the latitude of any place How to know the longitude How to know the longitude the latitude in a Carde or Mappe How to place the riuers or waters in a Carde or Map The nearest way ouer the Sea and Land is not by any one poynt of the compasse An ensample The greatest compasse of the earth 21600 myles Al the points of the compasse wil bring you vnto the pole of the world except the East or West You cannot passe the nearest way for it is thorow the frosen zones A confused matter to say a place dooth stand by diuers poyntes of the compasse To know the distance of any towne from you if that both the places are in one Paralel An ensamplâ— To know the distance if that both the places are in one Merydian An ensample Howe to know the distance if that both the places doth differ both in longitude and in latitude that is to say y t is neither vnder your parallel nor Meridian An Ensample by Hierusalem and the Citie of London From Hierusâ—lem vnto London 2352. myles and 25 26. A second Ensample by Venice and London North or South East or West Note 360. degrees is the Compasse of the earth What Antipedies are that goe foote vnto foote â–ª In the Southwest quarter In the Southeast quartes In the Northeast quarter In the Northwest quarter An ensample by Rome and London London is the principallest and the most famous place of England The diuersitie aspect at London The length of the day London the assigned place S Michaelmount in Cornwall Doner in Kent Barwick The citie of Yorke Carlell Edenborowe in Scotland Catnes poynt The Southwest part of Ireland The North-part of Irelande The citie of Deuelinge Sainct Patrikes porcatorye The I le of Man The Ilandes called Silley Lyshborne in Portugall Cape Sainct Vincent Cape Sainct Mary Cape Finester Bayone S. Iames. Bylbow S. Sebastins in Byskey Tolledo in Castell The Citie of Ciuell Gibaraltarre Granmaliga Granado Burdeux in Fraunce Paris in Fraunce Roane Calice Bridgeâ— in Flaunders Gaunt Midleborow Antwerpe in Braband Amsterdam in Holland Lucke Gulder Cleue Collyne The Citie of Mentz Spiers Strawsbrow Francfordâ— Prage Hambrough Elson in Denmark Iseland The Citie of Rome Florance Pisa â—â—nice Millayne The Citie of Naples Philippos in the kingdome of Macedonia Constantinople that is the seate of the Turkâ— Athens Danswick The kingdome of Swethen The Citie of Muscouia in Rosey Morocus in Barbary S. Cruce rode Fesse Tangie Abilles Argeyll Alexandria in Egipt The mouth of Nilus The North ende of the Red Sea Cape Deuaâ—â— in Ginney The Castle Demine The mouth of the Ryuer of Bynney Cappe boon Sperance Goia Garma The great Ilande of S Laurence The Iland of S. Thomas The Ilandes of Cappe Deuade The Canary Ilandes The Madera Ilandes Claudiopoles Nicea Troy Ephesus Tralus Philadelphia Olimpus Pompeiopolis Olbia Pargamus Cesaria Nicopolis Antiochia Geldia Bola Alexandria in Siria Tripolis in Phenicia Barut Antiochia Damascus Port Iassa The Lake of Sodom Bethsaida Nicopolis Hierusalem Charan in Mesopotamia Babilon Erupa in Arabia The Red Sea Mount Synai or Mount Oreb Michia The Citie of Niniuie Asia Arima The Caspian Sea Arges Hecatompilon Harcan Sena Chomara Prepsa Aspabora Issedon Isadon Alexandria maria· Asta Cuni. Bardaxima Calicute Polibotra Pentapolis Thagora Ciamfa Quinsay Gâ—iten Ciamfa Tangury Thebet Ciamba Barnia Nar. Malaqua Lace The Streighte of Magellenos the southermost part of all America The great Riuer of Platte Cappe Crusos the Eastermost part of America Cappe de Planco Cappe Sainct Marthae Carthagena Nomber de Deus The Citie of Mexico The riuer of Palme in Floryda The Cape of terra Florida Perru The porte of Pannama Tumbes Baculaius or new founde Land The land of Labrador The Iland of Cicilia The Iland of Corsica The Iland of Sardinia The Iland of Maiorica The Iland of Minorica The Iland of Candy The Ilands of Nigropant The IlaÌ„ds called Cyclades The Ilande of Ciprus The Ilande of Scoyra The Ilande of Ormosa The great Iland of Tabrobannu The Iland of great Iaua The Iland of the lesser Iaua The Ilande of Berno The Ilands of Molucke The Iland of Gelilo Gelilo is nearâ— Antipodeâ— vnto London The Iland of Iapan The Iland of Stipango The Iland of Cuba The Iland called Hispaniola Saint Iohns Ilande The Ilande of Iamica The Ilands of the Surres If that you doo desire to know the shortest distance vnto any place then you must do it with a Globe How to know the true distance vnto any place by the Globe The whole compasse of the earth is 28600 myles no place can be no further distance from you thâ—â— 10800. myles To know the coÌ„tentes of account of any peece of grouÌ„d by Arithmetike To know howe many acres there is in any peece of ground by the account of money A note of measure An ensample in Circles An ensample of long squareâ— How to knowe 〈◊〉 many ynches long in Tymber wyll make a foote what square sâ—â—nes that it hath by Arithmetike The length of a foote of Timber according vnto the square How to measure any thing that lacketh parte of hiâ— forme Ensample of large Tymber To know the proportion of Cubes or Globes the one by the other An ensample of Globes The seconde ensample The measuring of Globes 19008 To measure the playne of a Circle Of the bending of Shâ—ps How to alter the bignes of a ship and â—eâ— to keepe the proportion mould and fashion An ensample of the altering of the burthen of a ship and to keepe the moulde and proportion Of Cubes To make a cube a quarter bigger To double a Cube or globe To make a Cube 3. times so bigge If a Cube or Globe be double measure theÌ„ that is 8. times â—o bigge An easy way to make ships by proportion How to aâ—â—eâ— the bignes of ropes how to double the syse Of doubling of the bignesse of of ropes Howe to double any rope or mast by extractioÌ„ of the square roote Ensample Of Ships that sayle well with the