be_v in_o the_o same_o sense_n reciprocal_o bind_v to_o defend_v the_o honour_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o sovereign_n it_o may_v be_v understand_v likewise_o from_o the_o feudal_n law_n whereby_o the_o vassal_n be_v oblige_v to_o a_o military_a defence_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o from_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n also_o which_o oblige_v all_o the_o subject_n that_o be_v capable_a to_o take_v up_o arm_n for_o the_o king_n when_o need_n shall_v require_v this_o therefore_o be_v the_o defence_n to_o which_o capable_a person_n be_v swear_v in_o that_o abrogate_a oath_n and_o other_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v he_o that_o assistance_n which_o they_o be_v able_a everyone_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n in_o his_o respective_a capacity_n as_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o oath_n do_v require_v thus_o have_v i_o give_v a_o brief_a account_n of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o swear_a allegiance_n which_o have_v be_v successive_o require_v of_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o upon_o the_o whole_a i_o think_v it_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o the_o law_n have_v be_v always_o uniform_a and_o constant_a in_o oblige_v the_o subject_n to_o a_o allegiance_n that_o require_v not_o a_o peaceable_a subjection_n only_o but_o also_o a_o actual_a assistance_n of_o our_o sovereign_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n against_o all_o person_n and_o all_o attempt_n whatsoever_o without_o any_o exception_n and_o this_o be_v last_o include_v in_o the_o obligation_n of_o natural_a allegiance_n also_o which_o be_v not_o so_o call_v mere_o because_o the_o person_n oblige_v by_o it_o be_v such_o as_o have_v their_o natural_a birth_n within_o the_o king_n dominion_n for_o person_n bear_v without_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v his_o natural_a subject_n as_o be_v the_o child_n of_o ambassador_n bear_v beyond_o sea_n case_n and_o the_o child_n of_o alien_n bear_v within_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o therefore_o natural_a subject_n of_o the_o king_n so_o that_o the_o mere_a circumstance_n of_o birth_n do_v not_o entitle_v any_o one_o to_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o natural_a subject_n nor_o consequent_o bind_v he_o to_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o natural_a allegiance_n but_o it_o be_v therefore_o call_v natural_a in_o our_o law_n because_o as_o great_a lawyer_n have_v affirm_v vaughan_n it_o be_v found_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o give_v the_o sovereign_a power_n a_o right_n to_o the_o allegiance_n of_o every_o one_o who_o be_v bear_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o it_o as_o every_o son_n be_v bear_v a_o subject_a to_o his_o parent_n and_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n oblige_v to_o honour_n and_o obey_v assist_v and_o support_v they_o so_o also_o be_v he_o bear_v a_o member_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a and_o by_o consequence_n a_o subject_a to_o the_o sovereign_n of_o it_o and_o according_o by_o the_o same_o eternal_a law_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v all_o faithful_a service_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o when_o he_o be_v in_o a_o capacity_n to_o perform_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n here_o i_o mean_v that_o light_n of_o reason_n which_o be_v give_v we_o by_o the_o author_n of_o nature_n to_o direct_v we_o in_o all_o our_o action_n and_o this_o light_n when_o it_o be_v sufficient_o attend_v to_o and_o not_o darken_v with_o passion_n will_v clear_o show_v we_o how_o we_o shall_v demean_v ourselves_o in_o the_o several_a capacity_n and_o relation_n we_o stand_v in_o as_o it_o show_v we_o what_o obedience_n and_o fidelity_n a_o servant_n owe_v to_o his_o master_n a_o wife_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o a_o son_n to_o his_o father_n so_o it_o plain_o direct_v we_o what_o duty_n every_o member_n of_o a_o civil_a community_n owe_v to_o the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o it_o and_o that_o this_o law_n of_o nature_n direct_v we_o to_o pay_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o allegiance_n to_o he_o viz._n a_o active_a assistance_n to_o the_o utmost_a of_o our_o power_n be_v evident_a both_o from_o reason_n and_o from_o the_o common_a consent_n and_o practice_n of_o almost_o all_o civilise_a mankind_n the_o two_o only_a way_n of_o demonstrate_v any_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o first_o it_o seem_v evident_a from_o these_o follow_a reason_n 1._o because_o such_o assistance_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o preserve_v the_o head_n of_o the_o community_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a body_n also_o for_o to_o every_o political_a body_n a_o sovereign_a head_n be_v so_o essential_a as_o that_o it_o can_v possible_o exist_v without_o it_o and_o therefore_o since_o the_o natural_a reason_n of_o all_o man_n do_v dictate_v the_o necessity_n of_o enter_v into_o society_n it_o must_v likewise_o teach_v they_o the_o necessity_n of_o contribute_v their_o actual_a assistance_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o those_o society_n and_o consequent_o of_o that_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v essential_a to_o the_o very_o be_v of_o they_o 2._o because_o every_o subject_a have_v receive_v actual_a protection_n and_o in_o effect_v his_o very_a life_n and_o be_v from_o the_o sovereign_a power_n for_o not_o only_a property_n and_o all_o the_o blessing_n of_o it_o but_o the_o conservation_n of_o even_a life_n itself_o be_v derive_v from_o civil_a government_n and_o therefore_o both_o justice_n and_o gratitude_n do_v oblige_v we_o to_o do_v all_o we_o can_v to_o preserve_v the_o be_v and_o the_o right_n of_o that_o sovereign_a power_n from_o which_o we_o derive_v our_o own_o our_o parent_n be_v the_o instrument_n of_o our_o natural_a production_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n we_o be_v ever_o oblige_v â—o_o honour_n and_o support_v they_o though_o they_o prove_v never_o so_o unnatural_a to_o we_o because_o it_o will_v be_v always_o true_a that_o we_o have_v receive_v our_o be_v from_o they_o and_o the_o obligation_n of_o that_o benefit_n will_v last_v as_o long_o as_o our_o life_n such_o be_v our_o obligation_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n we_o have_v receive_v our_o life_n and_o property_n from_o it_o and_o it_o will_v be_v always_o true_a that_o we_o owe_v they_o to_o it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o become_v never_o so_o tyrannical_a still_o the_o obligation_n of_o obey_v and_o assist_v it_o will_v remain_v our_o gratitude_n must_v continue_v as_o long_o as_o we_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n and_o civil_a oppression_n can_v no_o more_o absolve_v subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n than_o domestic_a cruelty_n can_v discharge_v child_n from_o the_o duty_n of_o obedience_n 3._o it_o may_v be_v prove_v also_o from_o the_o obligation_n of_o equity_n and_o justice_n which_o be_v certain_o found_v in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o the_o grand_a fundamental_a rule_n of_o justice_n be_v these_o that_o we_o do_v to_o other_o as_o we_o will_v be_v do_v to_o our_o self_n and_o that_o we_o give_v to_o every_o one_o his_o due_a and_o by_o both_o these_o equitable_a rule_n all_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o assist_v and_o support_v their_o sovereign_n by_o the_o former_a because_o every_o subject_a do_v expect_v a_o actual_a protection_n of_o his_o person_n and_o property_n from_o the_o sovereign_a power_n and_o that_o when_o he_o be_v disable_v from_o contribute_v his_o assistance_n to_o support_v it_o and_o therefore_o he_o be_v bind_v in_o equity_n to_o give_v the_o like_a assistance_n to_o his_o sovereign_n in_o time_n of_o necessity_n and_o even_o when_o he_o can_v actual_o exert_v his_o power_n for_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v also_o due_a by_o the_o latter_a because_o the_o sovereign_n have_v a_o right_a to_o such_o assistance_n of_o his_o subject_n i_o will_v not_o here_o say_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o that_o be_v the_o thing_n which_o i_o be_o prove_v but_o by_o the_o positive_a civil_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n require_v that_o every_o man_n shall_v enjoy_v his_o right_n and_o that_o be_v true_o a_o man_n right_a which_o be_v such_o by_o a_o politic_a law_n and_o therefore_o since_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o political_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v a_o right_n to_o the_o actual_a assistance_n of_o their_o subject_n to_o deny_v it_o they_o be_v a_o violation_n not_o only_o of_o those_o law_n but_o even_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n also_o but_o 4._o there_o be_v yet_o a_o high_a reason_n for_o it_o which_o respect_v the_o author_n of_o all_o sovereignty_n for_o even_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n do_v teach_v we_o that_o a_o infinite_a be_v make_v the_o world_n and_o that_o he_o still_o govern_v it_o that_o from_o he_o all_o lawful_a dominion_n be_v derive_v and_o that_o king_n be_v his_o minister_n and_o vicegerent_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v obvious_a to_o infer_v that_o every_o subject_a be_v bind_v not_o only_o to_o submit_v but_o also_o to_o support_v and_o defend_v they_o because_o it_o be_v every_o man_n
a_o discourse_n concern_v the_o signification_n of_o allegiance_n as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n qui_fw-la perjurii_fw-la immunis_fw-la esse_fw-la cupit_fw-la etc._n etc._n he_o who_o desire_v to_o preserve_v himself_o from_o perjury_n ought_v diligent_o to_o weigh_v every_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n which_o he_o be_v to_o take_v and_o the_o sense_n and_o force_n of_o they_o that_o if_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v it_o may_v not_o be_v take_v if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o be_v take_v it_o may_v be_v keep_v without_o fraud_n and_o dissimulation_n sand._n de_fw-fr juram_fw-la oblige_v prael_n 6._o sect._n 7._o the_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n be_v these_o 1_o a._n b._n do_v sincere_o promise_v and_o swear_v that_o i_o will_v be_v faithful_a and_o bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o their_o majesty_n king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n so_o help_v i_o god._n in_o this_o compendious_a form_n of_o swear_v it_o be_v say_v there_o be_v great_a ambiguity_n which_o lie_v principal_o in_o the_o doubtful_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n faithful_n and_o true_a allegiance_n which_o may_v import_v either_o 1._o that_o kind_n of_o fidelity_n and_o obedience_n which_o captive_n may_v promise_v to_o their_o conqueror_n or_o oppress_v subject_n to_o usurper_n and_o oblige_v they_o only_o to_o a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a submission_n while_o they_o be_v under_o their_o power_n and_o do_v not_o debar_v they_o from_o assist_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n in_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o 2._o all_o that_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n which_o be_v former_o swear_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereby_o their_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o defend_v their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o not_o reserve_v any_o branch_n of_o their_o allegiance_n as_o due_a to_o any_o other_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o distinction_n that_o two_o different_a interpretation_n of_o the_o oath_n be_v ground_v and_o the_o high_a construction_n be_v this_o ay_o a._n b._n be_o sincere_o resolve_v to_o adhere_v faithful_o to_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n to_o perform_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n and_o subjection_n unto_o they_o alone_o and_o to_o defend_v their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n with_o my_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o my_o power_n against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o low_a construction_n be_v to_o this_o effect_n whereas_o w._n and_o m._n be_v actual_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o regal_a power_n so_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o the_o full_a possession_n of_o it_o i_o do_v swear_v that_o i_o will_v pay_v they_o that_o obedience_n and_o submission_n which_o may_v be_v lawful_o pay_v to_o a_o actual_a sovereign_n not_o engage_v hereby_o to_o uphold_v they_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o throne_n against_o the_o k._n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la nor_o debar_v myself_o from_o exert_v my_o swear_a allegiance_n to_o he_o upon_o any_o emergent_a opportunity_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o right_n i_o be_o not_o certain_a that_o this_o last_o clause_n of_o assist_v the_o k._n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v the_o sense_n of_o they_o who_o have_v take_v the_o oath_n with_o a_o declaration_n of_o live_v peaceable_o under_o the_o present_a government_n yet_o there_o be_v this_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v because_o if_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v infer_v from_o a_o explanatory_a declaration_n more_o ambiguous_a and_o obscure_a than_o the_o oath_n explain_v we_o may_v reasonable_o infer_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o declarer_n think_v the_o oath_n in_o the_o high_a sense_n unlawful_a because_o direct_o contradictory_n to_o their_o former_a obligation_n to_o k._n j._n but_o if_o those_o be_v still_o in_o force_n than_o they_o be_v still_o oblige_v to_o a_o actual_a assistance_n of_o he_o and_o then_o their_o declaration_n must_v be_v understand_v in_o such_o a_o sense_n as_o shall_v not_o exclude_v it_o in_o short_a if_o their_o former_a oath_n be_v obligatory_a than_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o assist_v k._n j._n if_o it_o be_v not_o than_o the_o present_a possessor_n be_v undoubted_o our_o lawful_a sovereign_n and_o we_o be_v consequent_o oblige_v to_o pray_v that_o they_o may_v have_v victory_n over_o all_o their_o enemy_n and_o if_o this_o be_v our_o duty_n it_o be_v a_o manifest_a sin_n not_o to_o contribute_v our_o actual_a assistance_n in_o our_o respective_a station_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o it_o wherefore_o choose_v they_o which_o they_o will_v either_o that_o their_o former_a oath_n be_v obligatory_a or_o not_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v bind_v to_o assist_v and_o therefore_o they_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o bind_v themselves_o by_o oath_n to_o a_o sinful_a neutrality_n which_o be_v plain_o contradictory_n to_o their_o former_a oath_n and_o if_o that_o be_v extinguish_v to_o their_o manifest_a duty_n to_o the_o present_a possessor_n but_o nevertheless_o because_o what_o seem_v so_o improbable_a may_v yet_o be_v possible_o true_a that_o they_o intend_v to_o bind_v themselves_o only_o to_o a_o exact_a neutrality_n it_o shall_v be_v show_v in_o the_o ensue_a discourse_n that_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o allegiance_n be_v absolute_o inconsistent_a with_o it_o to_o return_v therefore_o to_o the_o two_o former_a interpretation_n of_o the_o oath_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o they_o be_v contradictory_n to_o each_o other_o by_o the_o former_a we_o be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v all_o our_o allegiance_n to_o w._n and_o m._n by_o the_o latter_a not_o all_o but_o a_o allegiance_n qualify_v and_o limit_v in_o the_o one_o to_o uphold_v they_o to_o the_o uttermost_a of_o our_o power_n in_o their_o crown_n and_o dignity_n in_o the_o other_o we_o profess_v we_o will_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v it_o in_o the_o one_o we_o engage_v to_o defend_v they_o against_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o and_o in_o the_o other_o a_o power_n be_v reserve_v to_o assist_v k._n j._n against_o they_o and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o take_v the_o oath_n in_o a_o middle_a sense_n of_o neutrality_n it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o very_a term_n of_o neutrality_n that_o it_o be_v plain_o contradictory_n to_o the_o first_o construction_n also_o these_o several_a interpretation_n therefore_o be_v contradictory_n to_o each_o other_o it_o be_v certain_a the_o swearer_n can_v be_v oblige_v unto_o more_o than_o one_o nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o the_o imposor_n intend_v either_o to_o oblige_v we_o to_o contradictory_n and_o impossible_a duty_n or_o to_o leave_v we_o at_o liberty_n to_o choose_v in_o which_o of_o those_o contradictory_n sense_n we_o will_v be_v oblige_v for_o this_o oath_n be_v exact_v by_o a_o law_n and_o a_o law_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o declare_a will_n of_o the_o legislator_n now_o if_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v so_o frame_v on_o purpose_n by_o the_o legislator_n as_o to_o be_v fair_o capable_a of_o two_o contradictory_n construction_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o subject_a to_o his_o choice_n in_o which_o he_o will_v obey_v it_o it_o be_v manifest_o no_o law_n at_o all_o because_o it_o do_v not_o contain_v the_o determinate_a declare_a will_n of_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o subject_a be_v allow_v to_o take_v either_o part_n of_o the_o contradiction_n be_v not_o determine_v as_o by_o a_o law_n he_o always_o be_v to_o any_o act_n of_o obedience_n and_o if_o this_o be_v true_a in_o all_o law_n much_o more_o will_v it_o hold_v in_o those_o by_o which_o promissory_a oath_n be_v establish_v for_o a_o promise_n equal_o capable_a of_o contradictory_n sense_n be_v indeed_o no_o promise_n and_o it_o be_v nor_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o our_o legislator_n intend_v to_o frame_v a_o promissory_a oath_n that_o shall_v contain_v no_o promise_n at_o all_o and_o to_o make_v a_o law_n for_o the_o most_o solemn_a mockery_n of_o god_n that_o can_v be_v imagine_v it_o be_v therefore_o presume_v that_o the_o imposer_n of_o this_o oath_n intend_v to_o oblige_v we_o to_o one_o determinate_a meaning_n of_o it_o and_o that_o those_o word_n by_o which_o they_o choose_v to_o declare_v their_o intention_n can_v be_v reasonable_o so_o interpret_v as_o to_o declare_v the_o quite_o contrary_a also_o and_o then_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o one_o of_o these_o construction_n be_v both_o intend_a and_o sufficient_o express_v in_o the_o oath_n and_o that_o no_o doubt_n be_v the_o sense_n in_o which_o we_o be_v oblige_v both_o to_o take_v and_o keep_v it_o we_o be_v therefore_o now_o to_o inquire_v whether_o of_o these_o construction_n be_v the_o intend_a and_o declare_v meaning_n of_o the_o imposer_n and_o here_o there_o appear_v at_o first_o view_v a_o invincible_a prejudice_n against_o the_o low_a construction_n of_o the_o oath_n viz._n that_o this_o oath_n be_v undeniable_o intend_v for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o
all_o man_n will_v act_v with_o the_o same_o plainness_n and_o sincerity_n if_o they_o will_v be_v true_a to_o their_o own_o sense_n and_o apprehension_n and_o not_o disguise_v they_o with_o artifice_n and_o subtlety_n there_o will_v possible_o have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o present_a enquiry_n nor_o of_o prove_v that_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o contradictory_n sense_n that_o they_o signify_v the_o same_o duty_n now_o which_o always_o they_o have_v do_v that_o when_o they_o be_v swear_v to_o one_o sovereign_a they_o be_v incommuninicable_a at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o any_o other_o that_o we_o must_v not_o bind_v ourselves_o to_o contradictory_n obligation_n and_o can_v possible_o be_v faithful_a to_o k._n w._n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n and_o to_o k._n j._n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n also_o and_o now_o i_o hope_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o word_n faith_n and_o true_a allegiance_n in_o the_o oath_n do_v not_o signify_v mere_a submission_n and_o obedience_n only_o but_o also_o faithful_a service_n and_o actual_a assistance_n of_o our_o sovereign_n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n be_v in_o the_o law_n sometime_o call_v oath_n of_o obedience_n but_o obedience_n then_o do_v import_v the_o whole_a duty_n of_o a_o subject_a to_o his_o sovereign_n and_o not_o precise_o a_o peaceable_a conformity_n to_o the_o law_n abstract_v from_o all_o the_o other_o duty_n of_o a_o subject_a and_o this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v prove_v from_o these_o reason_n first_o because_o obedience_n in_o its_o utmost_a latitude_n do_v comprehend_v the_o duty_n of_o fidelity_n and_o assistance_n also_o for_o every_o act_n of_o duty_n be_v a_o act_n of_o obedience_n and_o therefore_o if_o actual_a assistance_n be_v a_o duty_n to_o discharge_v it_o be_v obedience_n second_o the_o same_o oath_n be_v more_o often_o call_v the_o oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o therefore_o if_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n do_v as_o i_o have_v show_v imply_v more_o than_o peaceable_a submission_n and_o conformity_n to_o the_o law_n it_o will_v not_o follow_v that_o it_o do_v not_o imply_v so_o much_o because_o the_o same_o oath_n be_v sometime_o express_v by_o another_o word_n three_o peaceable_a submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n do_v amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o such_o a_o local_a allegiance_n as_o be_v due_a from_o alien_n and_o i_o be_o pretty_a certain_a that_o the_o law_n require_v something_o more_o of_o natural_a english_a subject_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o allegiance_n than_o they_o do_v from_o german_n and_o italian_n while_o they_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n this_o confound_a of_o allegiance_n and_o precise_a obedience_n to_o the_o lawful_a command_n of_o a_o sovereign_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la be_v a_o very_a common_a and_o obvious_a mistake_n thus_o the_o author_n of_o the_o pastoral_n letter_n bring_v this_o argument_n to_o prove_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o take_v this_o oath_n in_o question_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o obey_v the_o king_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o promise_v to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o so_o it_o also_o be_v lawful_a to_o swear_v it_o therefore_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n which_o be_v just_a such_o a_o argument_n as_o this_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o bow_v before_o the_o king_n it_o be_v lawful_a to_o pay_v divine_a adoration_n to_o he_o and_o if_o so_o it_o be_v also_o lawful_a to_o swear_v that_o i_o will_v pay_v divine_a worship_n to_o he_o for_o as_o religious_a worship_n imply_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o than_o civil_a so_o do_v allegiance_n contain_v more_o than_o precise_a obedience_n i_o may_v lawful_o obey_v a_o highwayman_n and_o i_o may_v lawful_o swear_v it_o but_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o follow_v thence_o that_o i_o may_v lawful_o swear_v to_o be_v faithful_a and_o bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o he_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o swear_v obedience_n to_o cromwell_n in_o all_o lawful_a thing_n but_o i_o think_v there_o be_v few_o even_o in_o that_o age_n of_o usurpation_n that_o be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o assert_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o that_o unnatural_a usurper_n dr._n sanderson_n prove_v that_o it_o may_v be_v our_o duty_n to_o obey_v the_o law_n of_o a_o usurper_n not_o out_o of_o any_o regard_n to_o his_o authority_n which_o he_o say_v be_v none_o at_o all_o but_o upon_o other_o consideration_n ascham_n yet_o he_o be_v absolute_o against_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o usurper_n both_o he_o and_o all_o the_o conscientious_a divine_n of_o that_o age_n can_v easy_o distinguish_v allegiance_n from_o obey_v and_o so_o may_v any_o one_o that_o be_v not_o absolute_o resolve_v against_o it_o the_o pastoral_a author_n add_v indeed_o that_o allegiance_n in_o our_o present_a acceptation_n be_v obedience_n according_a to_o law_n which_o be_v true_a if_o obedience_n be_v take_v in_o its_o utmost_a latitude_n but_o than_o it_o will_v include_v a_o obligation_n to_o assist_v k._n w._n against_o all_o his_o enemy_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n they_o who_o refuse_v the_o oath_n will_v i_o presume_v refuse_v also_o to_o obey_v he_o it_o have_v be_v object_v further_o that_o whereas_o the_o actual_a assistance_n of_o the_o king_n against_o all_o attempt_n whatsoever_o be_v insert_v either_o express_o or_o in_o word_n equivalent_a in_o all_o the_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n but_o in_o the_o present_a oath_n it_o be_v whole_o omit_v and_o therefore_o it_o may_v reasonable_o be_v presume_v that_o where_o less_o be_v express_v less_o be_v require_v and_o that_o if_o the_o imposer_n have_v intend_v such_o actual_a assistance_n they_o will_v probable_o in_o plain_a word_n have_v require_v it_o what_o the_o reason_n be_v of_o make_v this_o and_o other_o alteration_n in_o the_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n as_o i_o have_v no_o mean_n of_o know_v so_o neither_o be_v it_o of_o any_o moment_n to_o inquire_v to_o the_o objection_n propose_v it_o will_v suffice_v to_o answer_v that_o the_o duty_n of_o actual_a assistance_n against_o all_o man_n live_v be_v sufficient_o express_v in_o it_o for_o in_o the_o oath_n we_o be_v require_v to_o swear_v true_a allegiance_n and_o that_o do_v vi_fw-la termini_fw-la import_v such_o a_o obligation_n and_o as_o no_o particular_a duty_n of_o allegiance_n be_v express_v in_o the_o oath_n so_o neither_o be_v any_o except_v and_o therefore_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o all_o the_o duty_n of_o it_o and_o what_o those_o be_v may_v be_v understand_v from_o the_o law_n and_o the_o common_a acceptation_n of_o the_o word_n itself_o which_o as_o i_o have_v show_v have_v always_o signify_v a_o adherence_n to_o the_o liege_n lord_n against_o all_o man_n live_v and_o if_o the_o bare_a omission_n of_o particularise_v this_o duty_n be_v a_o argument_n that_o it_o be_v not_o intend_v then_o be_v no_o particular_a duty_n intend_v for_o there_o be_v none_o express_v and_o so_o the_o result_n will_v be_v that_o when_o we_o swear_v allegiance_n we_o take_v god_n name_n in_o vain_a and_o swear_v to_o nothing_o at_o all_o and_o this_o be_v the_o answer_n feud_n which_o the_o feudist_n have_v long_o since_o give_v to_o the_o objection_n cujacius_n say_v that_o the_o clause_n of_o defend_v the_o life_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n else_o which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v express_v in_o such_o oath_n it_o seem_v to_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o general_a promise_n of_o fidelity_n molinaeus_n tell_v we_o debentur_fw-la that_o a_o certain_a form_n be_v not_o require_v but_o it_o may_v suffice_v to_o swear_v in_o general_a word_n as_o for_o instance_n i_o swear_v the_o fealty_n of_o a_o vassal_n or_o i_o do_v homage_n under_o a_o oath_n of_o fealty_n neither_o be_v it_o necessary_a particular_o to_o express_v the_o head_n of_o fidelity_n for_o that_o be_v well_o enough_o understand_v by_o a_o tacit_n reference_n to_o those_o duty_n which_o be_v require_v by_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o custom_n and_o he_o add_v it_o may_v be_v also_o answer_v that_o particular_a duty_n be_v not_o therefore_o express_v in_o those_o oath_n because_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a but_o only_o for_o the_o clear_a understanding_n of_o they_o but_o there_o be_v one_o objection_n more_o which_o must_v be_v consider_v viz._n that_o this_o be_v a_o oath_n impose_v upon_o clergyman_n as_o well_o as_o other_o and_o that_o since_o the_o law_n have_v ever_o exempt_v they_o from_o military_a service_n it_o be_v certain_a their_o allegiance_n do_v not_o bind_v they_o to_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o allegiance_n require_v in_o the_o oath_n be_v not_o such_o as_o i_o have_v hitherto_o assert_v because_o it_o do_v not_o universal_o bind_v the_o subject_n to_o a_o active_a military_a assistance_n of_o the_o sovereign_n against_o all_o
his_o enemy_n but_o this_o objection_n will_v be_v of_o no_o force_n if_o it_o be_v consider_v 1._o that_o allegiance_n bind_v in_o general_a to_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o king_n crown_n and_o person_n which_o imply_v many_o other_o positive_a dutieâ—-besides_a military_a assistance_n as_o aid_n of_o money_n and_o advice_n discovery_n of_o conspiracy_n and_o the_o like_a now_o if_o the_o law_n which_o have_v oblige_v subject_n in_o general_a do_v exempt_a ecclesiastic_n from_o the_o military_a duty_n of_o allegiance_n than_o there_o be_v a_o express_a exception_n of_o they_o as_o to_o those_o duty_n and_o this_o very_a exception_n do_v show_v that_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o all_o the_o other_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n which_o be_v as_o absolute_o inconsistent_a with_o a_o peaceable_a neutrality_n as_o the_o military_a assistance_n can_v possible_o be_v but_o 2._o though_o the_o law_n have_v ordinary_o exempt_v clergyman_n from_o take_v up_o arm_n in_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o sovereign_n yet_o it_o be_v never_o doubt_v but_o that_o in_o case_n of_o extreme_a necessity_n when_o the_o life_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v in_o imminent_a danger_n and_o there_o be_v no_o other_o person_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o a_o churchman_n to_o save_v it_o though_o with_o the_o hazard_n of_o his_o own_o that_o in_o such_o a_o exigency_n he_o be_v bind_v by_o his_o allegiance_n to_o a_o personal_a and_o military_a assistance_n of_o he_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v still_o true_a that_o all_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v by_o their_o allegiance_n to_o a_o military_a defence_n of_o their_o sovereign_n when_o necessity_n shall_v require_v it_o and_o yet_o further_o 3._o though_o spiritual_a person_n be_v not_o ordinary_o oblige_v to_o defend_v their_o sovereign_n with_o secular_a arm_n yet_o their_o allegiance_n bind_v they_o to_o do_v it_o with_o arm_n more_o prevalent_a and_o efficasious_a viz._n prayer_n and_o intercession_n with_o god_n for_o their_o safety_n and_o victory_n over_o all_o their_o enemy_n thus_o zouch_n tell_v we_o out_o of_o the_o grand_a customary_a of_o normandy_n that_o bishop_n 9_o and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a person_n who_o hold_v land_n grant_v in_o frank_n almoine_n or_o in_o puram_fw-la &_o perpetuam_fw-la eleemosynam_fw-la be_v bound_n to_o no_o other_o service_n but_o to_o pray_v for_o the_o prince_n and_o intercede_v with_o god_n for_o his_o safety_n this_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o allegiance_n most_o especial_o incumbent_a upon_o they_o who_o wait_v at_o the_o altar_n less_o than_o this_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v require_v of_o they_o and_o a_o great_a and_o more_o beneficial_a service_n can_v possible_o be_v perform_v by_o any_o one_o and_o it_o be_v never_o yet_o hear_v that_o a_o churchman_n can_v with_o a_o good_a conscience_n swear_v allegiance_n to_o a_o prince_n and_o yet_o can_v not_o pray_v that_o he_o may_v have_v victory_n over_o all_o his_o enemy_n this_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o allegiance_n which_o our_o church_n have_v express_o require_v of_o we_o in_o her_o liturgy_n 242._o nay_o it_o have_v be_v teach_v we_o by_o the_o catholic_n church_n of_o all_o age_n wherein_o prayer_n have_v be_v constant_o make_v for_o peace_n and_o safety_n for_o prosperity_n and_o victory_n tertull._n not_o unto_o christian_a emperor_n only_o 30._o but_o even_o to_o the_o most_o cruel_a persecutor_n of_o christianity_n and_o if_o this_o be_v the_o duty_n peculiar_o of_o churchman_n than_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n undoubted_o in_o their_o station_n to_o contribute_v all_o other_o actual_a assistance_n also_o and_o if_o this_o be_v a_o necessary_a branch_n of_o allegiance_n than_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o we_o can_v swear_v allegiance_n with_o a_o design_n of_o neutrality_n or_o a_o reserve_n of_o allegiance_n to_o k._n j._n for_o then_o we_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o pray_v reciprocal_o backward_o and_o forward_o that_o j._n may_v vanquish_v w._n and_o w._n vanquish_v j._n and_o that_o both_o may_v have_v victory_n over_o all_o their_o enemy_n when_o they_o be_v irreconcilable_a enemy_n to_o each_o other_o wherefore_o to_o conclude_v this_o point_n if_o it_o be_v true_a as_o i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v that_o faith_n and_o true_a allegiance_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o common_a sense_n and_o understanding_n of_o the_o people_n do_v signify_v such_o a_o allegiance_n as_o be_v express_v in_o the_o high_a construction_n of_o the_o oath_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o this_o construction_n be_v the_o true_a declare_v meaning_n of_o it_o for_o the_o declare_a meaning_n must_v be_v express_v in_o word_n and_o word_n must_v be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o know_v the_o usual_a and_o genuine_a signification_n of_o they_o and_o if_o man_n will_v take_v a_o liberty_n of_o impose_v a_o quite_o different_a sense_n upon_o they_o at_o their_o pleasure_n there_o be_v a_o end_n of_o all_o promise_n and_o oath_n of_o all_o faith_n and_o commerce_n among_o mankind_n and_o then_o i_o know_v not_o why_o in_o the_o present_a oath_n w._n may_v not_o signify_v j._n and_o allegiance_n rebellion_n hitherto_o i_o have_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o reason_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o oath_n and_o the_o word_n themselves_o in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v do_v necessary_o oblige_v we_o to_o the_o high_a construction_n of_o it_o and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o manifest_a concurrence_n of_o both_o these_o in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o a_o oath_n than_o there_o be_v nothing_o want_v to_o induce_v a_o moral_a certainty_n of_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o but_o because_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o imposer_n may_v be_v search_v into_o by_o other_o mean_n beside_o the_o naked_a force_n of_o the_o word_n as_o by_o probable_a conjecture_n ground_v upon_o circumstance_n and_o their_o other_o imposition_n and_o proceed_n which_o have_v some_o relation_n to_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o oath_n i_o will_v proceed_v to_o show_v that_o even_o these_o also_o do_v afford_v reasonable_a ground_n to_o persuade_v the_o sense_n i_o have_v here_o assert_v to_o be_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o but_o here_o there_o be_v two_o caution_n to_o be_v premise_v first_o that_o when_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n do_v according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a customary_a or_o legal_a acceptation_n of_o they_o evident_o express_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n 7._o than_o the_o enquiry_n into_o the_o same_o intention_n by_o circumstance_n and_o appendage_n be_v of_o no_o importance_n for_o the_o word_n be_v the_o first_o and_o principal_a sign_n of_o the_o intention_n and_o when_o they_o do_v clear_o represent_v it_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o very_a word_n otherwise_o it_o be_v impossible_a we_o shall_v be_v ascertain_v of_o the_o meaning_n of_o any_o law_n if_o no_o word_n how_o clear_a soever_o can_v express_v it_o and_o so_o to_o make_v a_o law_n will_v be_v a_o thing_n impracticable_a ibidem_fw-la because_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v express_v therefore_o second_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v the_o best_a and_o sure_a mean_n of_o express_v the_o intention_n unless_o clear_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n can_v be_v produce_v to_o show_v 418._o that_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v quite_o different_a from_o what_o the_o natural_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n do_v import_v the_o genuine_a signification_n of_o they_o be_v always_o to_o be_v adhere_v to_o so_o say_v the_o civil-law_n express_o non_fw-la aliter_fw-la a_o significatione_n verborum_fw-la ejus_fw-la recedi_fw-la quam_fw-la cum_fw-la manifestum_fw-la aliud_fw-la ipsum_fw-la sensisse_fw-la and_o the_o necessity_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v evident_a for_o if_o it_o be_v allow_v to_o recede_v from_o the_o word_n but_o upon_o manifest_a evidence_n of_o a_o different_a intention_n every_o one_o may_v wrest_v the_o law_n as_o he_o please_v and_o the_o law_n will_v not_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o duty_n but_o the_o subject_n arbitrary_a gloss_n on_o it_o suppose_v therefore_o not_o grant_v that_o the_o word_n of_o the_o oath_n do_v not_o clear_o represent_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o legislator_n proceed_v we_o now_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o it_o from_o circumstance_n and_o other_o action_n of_o the_o imposer_n and_o 1._o i_o consider_v that_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o act_n declare_v the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o settle_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v impose_v this_o and_o no_o other_o oath_n upon_o their_o military_a officer_n and_o soldier_n and_o it_o seem_v very_o absurd_a to_o imagine_v that_o they_o shall_v intend_v to_o oblige_v they_o only_o to_o a_o peaceable_a neutrality_n or_o leave_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o oath_n to_o assist_v k._n j._n against_o themselves_o but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a it_o be_v reasonable_a