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duty_n law_n nature_n positive_a 1,384 5 10.4930 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
B04263 A second part of Observations, censures, and confutations of divers errours in Mr. Hobbs his Leviathan beginning at the seventeenth chapter of that book. / By William Lucy, Bishop of S. David's.; Observations, censures, and confutations of notorious errours in Mr. Hobbes his Leviathan. Part 2 Lucy, William, 1594-1677. 1673 (1673) Wing L3454A; ESTC R220049 191,568 301

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other_o in_o do_v the_o like_a although_o a_o better_a man_n than_o he_o be_v join_v with_o he_o which_o be_v david_n and_o so_o i_o come_v to_o his_o second_o instance_n chap._n xx._n sect_n iii_o the_o murder_n of_o uriah_n discuss_v mr_n hobbs_n his_o distinction_n censure_v kill_v of_o a_o innocent_a contrary_a not_o only_o to_o the_o equitable_a part_n but_o the_o very_a letter_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o law_n not_o the_o executioner_n kill_v a_o criminal_a no_o power_n give_v by_o uriah_n to_o david_n to_o kill_v he_o be_v a_o innocent_a mr._n hobbs_n his_o error_n multiply_v from_o his_o fictitious_a institution_n of_o sovereign_n by_o popular_a election_n uriah_n not_o impower_v to_o dispose_v of_o his_o own_o life_n his_o word_n be_v in_o which_o and_o the_o like_a case_n he_o that_o so_o die_v have_v liberty_n to_o do_v the_o action_n for_o which_o he_o be_v nevertheless_o without_o injury_n put_v to_o death_n i_o have_v show_v the_o contrary_a it_o be_v a_o 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peter_n 2.14_o explain_v the_o former_a assertion_n prove_v against_o mr._n hobbs_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o st._n basil_n st._n chrysostome_n st._n hierom_n and_o st._n augustin_n the_o author_n sense_n of_o these_o word_n tibi_fw-la soli_fw-la peccavi_fw-la mr._n hobbs_n his_o variation_n from_o the_o authority_n and_o read_n of_o england_n the_o former_a conclusion_n recapitulate_v and_o assert_v against_o mr._n hobbs_n from_o the_o meaning_n of_o this_o text_n a_o and_o yet_o to_o god_n because_o david_n be_v god_n subject_n and_o prohibit_v all_o iniquity_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n well_o now_o let_v we_o consider_v why_o this_o be_v iniquity_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n certain_o but_o because_o it_o be_v injustice_n do_v to_o another_o man_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n prescribe_v all_o and_o nothing_o but_o in_o justice_n if_o it_o be_v towards_o god_n it_o be_v call_v religion_n which_o pay_v to_o god_n the_o duty_n which_o we_o owe_v he_o and_o be_v set_v down_o in_o 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of_o it_o supreme_a and_o inferior_a the_o supreme_a be_v sovereign_a the_o inferior_a be_v subject_n but_o by_o a_o common_a wealth_n here_o he_o only_o understand_v the_o sovereign_a but_o let_v we_o proceed_v with_o he_o out_o of_o the_o former_a confute_v premise_n he_o draw_n this_o conclusion_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o in_o all_o thing_n not_o contrary_a to_o the_o moral_a law_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n all_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o obey_v that_o for_o divine_a law_n which_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n certain_o the_o moral_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v not_o bid_v we_o be_v baptize_v or_o receive_v the_o holy_a communion_n nay_o it_o do_v not_o command_v we_o to_o make_v a_o profession_n of_o our_o faith_n in_o jesus_n christ_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v not_o command_n daniel_n shedrack_n meshack_n and_o abednego_n to_o refuse_v the_o voluptuous_a meat_n which_o 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the_o turk_n concern_v his_o alcoran_n which_o he_o vain_o imagine_v to_o be_v the_o divine_a law_n and_o if_o the_o grand_a signior_n himself_o do_v contradict_v that_o law_n they_o will_v not_o obey_v he_o upon_o that_o reason_n and_o sure_o the_o same_o argument_n prevail_v with_o all_o other_o nation_n who_o have_v their_o religion_n by_o tradition_n it_o be_v not_o the_o law_n of_o man_n but_o the_o imagine_a law_n of_o god_n which_o they_o subject_n themselves_o unto_o in_o divine_a performance_n and_o therefore_o though_o sovereigns_n punish_v such_o transgression_n which_o be_v against_o those_o law_n which_o they_o have_v establish_v for_o divine_a yet_o it_o be_v therefore_o because_o they_o be_v esteem_v divine_a therefore_o they_o make_v such_o law_n not_o that_o they_o can_v think_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v esteem_v divine_a because_o they_o establish_v they_o i_o will_v add_v but_o one_o observation_n more_o which_o be_v this_o that_o although_o he_o say_v that_o all_o nation_n practice_v this_o that_o be_v that_o they_o allow_v only_o such_o divine_a law_n which_o they_o have_v establish_v to_o be_v such_o yet_o i_o believe_v no_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n no_o christian_a i_o be_o assure_v will_v have_v allow_v this_o doctrine_n to_o be_v publish_v but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v in_o that_o distract_a condition_n as_o our_o poor_a nation_n be_v when_o he_o publish_v it_o for_o since_o every_o christian_a kingdom_n profess_v a_o conformity_n to_o divine_a law_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o they_o dare_v obtrude_v such_o a_o impossible_a thing_n to_o be_v credit_v as_o that_o they_o can_v make_v divine_a law_n but_o only_o confirm_v and_o exact_v a_o obedience_n to_o they_o nay_o i_o can_v think_v the_o same_o of_o all_o even_o heathen_a nation_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o conclusion_n abhor_v to_o christianity_n yea_o humane_a nature_n
of_o this_o regard_n that_o he_o be_v the_o noble_a sex_n and_o why_o not_o he_o be_v so_o undoubted_o for_o although_o it_o may_v happen_v out_o in_o particular_n that_o the_o woman_n may_v be_v more_o prudent_a or_o strong_a than_o her_o husband_n yet_o certain_o the_o generality_n be_v not_o so_o and_o the_o rule_n of_o govern_v and_o obey_v be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v from_o a_o few_o particular_a instance_n but_o the_o common_a condition_n of_o the_o sex_n servant_n may_v be_v wise_a or_o strong_a than_o their_o master_n subject_n than_o their_o king_n child_n than_o their_o parent_n yet_o these_o sacred_a law_n of_o govern_v and_o obey_v must_v not_o be_v vary_v for_o such_o few_o particular_a instance_n sect_n iv_o the_o brawl_n of_o man_n and_o wife_n improper_o call_v war_n war_n only_o between_o nation_n wisdom_n not_o strength_n enable_v to_o government_n wife_n submit_v to_o their_o husband_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n under_o the_o first_o and_o second_o adam_n st._n paul_n argument_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n explain_v what_o he_o say_v that_o this_o cause_n must_v be_v determine_v by_o war_n be_v ill_o express_v for_o first_o the_o contention_n betwixt_o man_n and_o wife_n can_v proper_o be_v call_v war_n but_o brawl_v or_o fight_v at_o the_o worst_a war_n be_v betwixt_o nation_n in_o the_o genuine_a signification_n i_o remember_v aelian_a tell_v a_o story_n of_o the_o sacae_n that_o when_o a_o man_n and_o a_o maid_n marry_v they_o be_v to_o fight_v at_o the_o first_o and_o he_o or_o she_o that_o conquer_v be_v afterward_o serve_v by_o the_o other_o for_o the_o term_n of_o their_o life_n this_o be_v a_o pretty_a gambal_n whether_o true_a or_o false_a it_o be_v not_o much_o material_a i_o read_v it_o only_o in_o he_o but_o sure_o a_o most_o unreasonable_a practice_n be_v the_o power_n of_o government_n proper_a to_o strength_n or_o wisdom_n can_v any_o man_n think_v that_o a_o bull_n or_o a_o horse_n be_v fit_a to_o govern_v a_o man_n than_o he_o they_o because_o they_o be_v of_o more_o strength_n though_o he_o have_v more_o wisdom_n but_o sure_o for_o we_o that_o be_v christian_n there_o be_v no_o need_n to_o fly_v to_o such_o poor_a little_a instance_n or_o custom_n or_o the_o accidental_a prudence_n or_o strength_n of_o the_o woman_n if_o she_o have_v more_o wit_n let_v she_o use_v it_o to_o the_o gain_n and_o win_v he_o to_o virtue_n if_o she_o have_v more_o strength_n let_v she_o use_v it_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o her_o husband_n weakness_n by_o that_o mean_v her_o excellency_n will_v be_v employ_v to_o their_o right_a use_n she_o shall_v be_v a_o helper_n to_o he_o not_o a_o ruler_n over_o he_o i_o need_v not_o here_o repeat_v what_o of_o late_o i_o deliver_v concern_v this_o doctrine_n out_o of_o gen._n 3._o but_o that_o god_n command_n be_v clear_a to_o this_o purpose_n not_o only_o in_o adam_n but_o those_o that_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o second_o adam_n consider_v what_o s._n paul_n write_v in_o the_o five_o to_o the_o ephesian_n v._o 22._o wife_n submit_v yourselves_o to_o your_o own_o husband_n as_o unto_o the_o lord_n but_o methinks_v mr._n hobbs_n shall_v answer_v to_o this_o that_o this_o be_v only_o a_o positive_a law_n yet_o i_o can_v reply_v to_o that_o that_o it_o be_v universal_a or_o what_o be_v equivalent_a indefinite_a and_o comprehend_v all_o wife_n but_o then_o go_v further_o and_o read_v the_o apostle_n argument_n in_o the_o follow_a verse_n for_o the_o husband_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o wife_n even_o as_o christ_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o church_n thus_o the_o apostle_n argue_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n first_o that_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n submit_v to_o the_o head_n so_o must_v wife_n do_v to_o their_o own_o husband_n then_o this_o be_v exemplify_v from_o christianity_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o headship_n such_o a_o head_n as_o christ_n be_v over_o his_o church_n which_o i_o hope_v no_o christian_n will_v say_v but_o that_o it_o must_v submit_v to_o and_o be_v govern_v by_o he_o and_o i_o hope_v both_o nature_n god_n law_n and_o christian_a duty_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o determine_v this_o controversy_n without_o war_n and_o i_o may_v add_v that_o since_o all_o nation_n have_v consent_v to_o it_o sure_o we_o ought_v not_o now_o to_o demur_v upon_o the_o case_n because_o mr._n hobbs_n interpose_v his_o authority_n with_o little_a or_o no_o reason_n sect_n v._o this_o paragraph_n contrary_a to_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o principle_n and_o the_o suppose_a institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n but_o yet_o most_o true_a not_o from_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o reason_n but_o the_o law_n of_o god_n father_n of_o family_n have_v the_o disposition_n of_o their_o family_n the_o invalidity_n of_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o reason_n his_o example_n of_o the_o amazon_n inconcludent_n he_o proceed_v in_o commonwealth_n this_o controversy_n be_v decide_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n but_o not_o always_o the_o sentence_n be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o father_n because_o for_o the_o most_o part_n commonwealth_n have_v be_v erect_v by_o the_o father_n not_o by_o the_o mother_n of_o family_n now_o i_o be_o come_v to_o page_n ●03_n but_o i_o will_v fain_o know_v how_o the_o father_n rather_o than_o the_o mother_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v erector_n of_o commonwealth_n certain_o if_o commonwealth_n be_v institute_v as_o he_o feign_v by_o the_o general_a suffrage_n of_o all_o who_o have_v interest_n in_o the_o government_n than_o woman_n as_o well_o as_o man_n mother_n as_o well_o as_o father_n have_v the_o management_n of_o that_o business_n for_o they_o have_v their_o interest_n in_o the_o public_a constitution_n as_o well_o as_o man_n but_o he_o have_v let_v fall_v a_o excellent_a truth_n which_o be_v clear_a against_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o his_o politic_n which_o be_v that_o the_o father_n of_o family_n not_o the_o rabble_n be_v the_o erector_n of_o commonwealth_n for_o if_o they_o do_v as_o i_o be_o confident_a with_o he_o here_o they_o do_v than_o his_o former_a discourse_n which_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n by_o the_o universal_a consent_n of_o all_o who_o have_v interest_n in_o it_o must_v fail_v for_o not_o the_o father_n and_o mother_n only_o but_o even_o the_o mean_a child_n or_o servant_n may_v challenge_v their_o share_n in_o it_o and_o certain_o the_o father_n of_o family_n can_v not_o be_v the_o erector_n of_o commonwealth_n but_o only_o out_o of_o this_o regard_n that_o they_o be_v the_o chief_a in_o their_o family_n and_o by_o that_o reason_n have_v right_a to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o and_o they_o and_o here_o let_v the_o reader_n consider_v that_o mr._n hobbs_n never_o remember_v that_o great_a authority_n give_v by_o god_n to_o moses_n which_o regulate_v he_o and_o his_o posterity_n many_o generation_n nor_o the_o confirmation_n that_o law_n lay_v from_o our_o saviour_n in_o the_o new_a testament_n which_o be_v obligatory_a to_o we_o in_o all_o age_n he_o only_a cloud_n the_o truth_n with_o this_o pitiful_a poor_a reason_n or_o rather_o show_v of_o reason_n only_o that_o man_n be_v the_o lawmaker_n and_o they_o be_v partial_a to_o their_o own_o sex_n no_o master_n hobbs_n god_n be_v the_o lawmaker_n who_o be_v no_o accepter_n of_o person_n or_o sex_n but_o in_o a_o infinite_o wise_a manner_n dispose_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o best_a and_o sure_a method_n that_o may_v be_v according_a to_o his_o most_o just_a law_n but_o because_o he_o say_v but_o not_o always_o that_o be_v that_o the_o father_n of_o family_n be_v not_o always_o the_o erector_n of_o commonwealth_n intimate_v that_o some_o commonwealth_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o mother_n of_o family_n i_o shall_v thank_v he_o or_o any_o man_n else_o who_o can_v show_v i_o any_o such_o in_o the_o world_n it_o may_v be_v he_o will_v fly_v to_o that_o beggarly_a instance_n which_o he_o give_v present_o of_o the_o amazon_n but_o let_v it_o suffice_v for_o they_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o that_o they_o be_v widow_n or_o single_a woman_n not_o unite_v in_o marriage_n and_o so_o not_o subject_a to_o husband_n and_o therefore_o be_v free_a to_o dispose_v of_o themselves_o as_o they_o please_v and_o may_v have_v make_v what_o just_a law_n they_o think_v fit_a for_o their_o condition_n but_o if_o they_o be_v join_v in_o marriage_n to_o husband_n they_o must_v then_o submit_v to_o that_o yoke_n and_o be_v govern_v in_o their_o domestic_a affair_n according_a to_o his_o discipline_n the_o dispute_n be_v here_o betwixt_o husband_n and_o wife_n not_o betwixt_o man_n and_o woman_n wife_n must_v submit_v to_o their_o own_o husband_n not_o every_o woman_n to_o every_o man_n sect_n vi_o mr._n
question_v what_o crime_n he_o have_v do_v but_o what_o hurt_n he_o will_v do_v no_o they_o never_o question_v what_o he_o have_v do_v or_o what_o he_o will_v do_v for_o how_o can_v aristides_n who_o glory_n consist_v in_o justice_n not_o in_o arm_n be_v mistrust_v to_o endeavour_v hurt_v to_o the_o state_n for_o that_o virtue_n which_o he_o be_v so_o honour_v for_o be_v so_o far_o from_o destroy_v that_o it_o be_v the_o very_a soul_n and_o life_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o rather_o i_o may_v term_v it_o the_o spirit_n which_o under_o the_o soul_n act_n with_o every_o part_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o their_o several_a duty_n and_o where_o that_o be_v lack_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n will_v be_v like_o wall_n build_v with_o loose_a stone_n without_o mortar_n which_o with_o ordinary_a storm_n will_v fall_v asunder_o and_o perish_v i_o will_v not_o trouble_v myself_o with_o the_o word_n which_o follow_v brief_o he_o instance_v in_o ostracism_n which_o be_v use_v there_o by_o which_o sometime_o a_o aristides_n be_v banish_v for_o his_o virtue_n and_o justice_n sometime_o a_o scurrilous_a jester_n as_o hyperbolus_n let_v we_o consider_v this_o ostracism_n that_o be_v a_o legal_a act_n proper_a to_o that_o government_n not_o a_o mere_a arbitrary_a but_o a_o legal_a privilege_n grant_v the_o people_n that_o when_o there_o be_v a_o occasion_n of_o any_o such_o danger_n they_o have_v their_o vote_n in_o it_o now_o the_o proposition_n by_o he_o to_o be_v prove_v be_v that_o such_o a_o act_n as_o this_o may_v just_o be_v do_v by_o the_o supreme_a only_o by_o his_o will_n which_o can_v never_o by_o any_o logic_n be_v enforce_v hence_o and_o yet_o i_o can_v say_v further_o that_o even_o the_o law_n of_o foreign_a nation_n may_v be_v censure_v by_o such_o as_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o they_o and_o have_v be_v in_o all_o age_n without_o breach_n of_o duty_n or_o civility_n i_o join_v this_o therefore_o with_o that_o other_o grecian_a city_n famous_a for_o its_o polity_n that_o of_o lacedaemon_n in_o which_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o arcana_fw-la imperii_fw-la that_o when_o their_o country_n tenant_n grow_v too_o numerous_a that_o they_o fear_v they_o may_v endanger_v the_o city_n they_o will_v in_o a_o night_n go_v out_o and_o slay_v thousand_o of_o they_o this_o be_v a_o most_o barbarous_a thing_n for_o subject_n life_n shall_v be_v tender_a to_o magistrate_n and_o the_o life_n of_o virtuous_a subject_n precious_a and_o therefore_o i_o fear_v this_o athenian_a custom_n of_o ostracism_n be_v the_o worse_o because_o a_o aristides_n be_v worth_a thousand_o of_o common_a people_n and_o therefore_o think_v such_o a_o law_n be_v most_o unworthy_a a_o wise_a state_n and_o not_o fit_a to_o be_v act_v in_o any_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n for_o it_o chap._n xx._n sect_n vi_o this_o paragraph_n give_v liberty_n to_o a_o person_n just_o condemn_v to_o resist_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n give_v against_o he_o the_o grand_a incitement_n to_o rebellion_n contrary_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o st._n paul_n and_o practice_n of_o eminent_a martyr_n i_o pass_v from_o this_o to_o page_n 111._o in_o the_o midst_n of_o that_o page_n have_v discourse_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n how_o that_o they_o have_v right_a to_o any_o such_o thing_n which_o they_o have_v not_o pass_v away_o by_o covenant_n he_o at_o the_o end_n of_o that_o page_n seem_v to_o give_v instance_n thus_o if_o the_o sovereign_a command_n a_o man_n though_o just_o condemn_v to_o kill_v wound_n or_o maim_v himself_o or_o not_o to_o resist_v those_o that_o assault_n he_o or_o to_o abstain_v from_o the_o use_n of_o food_n air_n medicine_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n without_o which_o he_o can_v live_v yet_o have_v that_o man_n the_o liberty_n to_o disobey_v true_o in_o my_o judgement_n some_o piece_n of_o this_o be_v great_a encouragement_n to_o treason_n as_o that_o particle_n to_o resist_v they_o who_o assault_v he_o certain_o if_o a_o man_n may_v do_v it_o for_o his_o own_o defence_n he_o may_v do_v it_o for_o other_o who_o be_v man_n of_o a_o like_a condition_n in_o their_o humanity_n and_o it_o may_v be_v in_o their_o sin_n and_o than_o it_o must_v follow_v where_o be_v many_o guilty_a person_n they_o may_v lawful_o combine_v and_o stand_v to_o each_o other_o in_o their_o defence_n and_o in_o order_n to_o that_o do_v what_o mischief_n they_o can_v for_o their_o safety_n now_o st._n paul_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o another_o mind_n when_o act._n 25.11_o he_o tell_v festus_n if_o i_o have_v commit_v any_o thing_n worthy_a of_o death_n i_o refuse_v not_o to_o die_v it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o rebellious_a spirit_n to_o resist_v authority_n to_o which_o he_o shall_v be_v subject_a and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v the_o pretence_n of_o most_o rebellion_n in_o the_o world_n be_v their_o own_o defence_n against_o imagine_a personal_a danger_n have_v his_o doctrine_n be_v true_a the_o crown_n of_o martyrdom_n have_v lose_v those_o thousand_o who_o fill_v the_o roman_a army_n and_o can_v by_o this_o pretence_n have_v defend_v themselves_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o water_n and_o fructify_v the_o seed_n of_o god_n word_n by_o their_o blood_n they_o think_v it_o a_o injust_a war_n to_o defend_v their_o just_a life_n how_o much_o more_o in_o a_o unjust_a cause_n shall_v man_n less_o dare_v to_o do_v it_o chap._n xx._n sect_n vii_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o institution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n again_o examine_v and_o censure_v the_o absurdity_n and_o evil_a consequence_n of_o his_o doctrine_n we_o pass_v now_o to_o his_o page_n 112._o in_o the_o 7._o line_n again_o the_o consent_n of_o a_o subject_a to_o sovereign_a power_n be_v contain_v in_o these_o word_n i_o authorise_v or_o take_v upon_o i_o all_o his_o action_n i_o have_v already_o and_o i_o think_v full_o treat_v of_o the_o folly_n weakness_n and_o wickedness_n of_o this_o imagination_n of_o his_o heretofore_o which_o he_o make_v the_o foundation_n of_o his_o whole_a politic_n he_o proceed_v in_o which_o there_o be_v no_o restriction_n at_o all_o of_o his_o own_o former_a natural_a liberty_n what_o a_o impious_a proposition_n be_v this_o that_o he_o who_o have_v before_o affirm_v that_o man_n by_o nature_n have_v right_a to_o any_o good_n any_o life_n any_o thing_n which_o conduce_v to_o his_o own_o content_a life_n before_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v institute_v have_v now_o by_o these_o word_n which_o institute_v and_o give_v form_n and_o be_v to_o his_o doctrine_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n these_o not_o liberty_n only_o but_o licenses_fw-la but_o abomination_n must_v not_o be_v abridge_v or_o restrain_v but_o mark_v his_o reason_n for_o say_v he_o by_o allow_v he_o to_o kill_v i_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o kill_v myself_o when_o he_o command_v i_o so_o that_o it_o seem_v the_o authorise_a he_o speak_v of_o be_v of_o the_o supremes_n action_n not_o his_o command_n and_o then_o sure_o his_o former_a proposition_n be_v not_o good_a man_n be_v restrain_v by_o nothing_o of_o the_o sovereign_a command_n where_o his_o own_o interest_n be_v personal_o oppose_v to_o it_o if_o this_o be_v not_o insufferable_a doctrine_n in_o any_o well_o govern_v commonwealth_n i_o know_v not_o what_o be_v for_o by_o this_o any_o man_n may_v act_v any_o thing_n which_o may_v conduce_v to_o his_o content_a living_n nay_o what_o be_v more_o he_o have_v right_a to_o do_v it_o and_o if_o so_o what_o a_o condition_n will_v a_o commonwealth_n be_v in_o a_o king_n according_a to_o his_o doctrine_n may_v without_o injustice_n kill_v any_o man_n which_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o a_o subject_n have_v right_a to_o kill_v he_o when_o he_o think_v it_o conduce_v to_o his_o good_a for_o natural_o every_o man_n have_v this_o right_a by_o his_o doctrine_n and_o so_o can_v be_v suppose_v by_o any_o contract_n to_o part_v from_o his_o natural_a right_n all_o this_o be_v evident_a out_o of_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o 14._o chap._n where_o he_o define_v the_o right_a of_o nature_n thus_o the_o right_a of_o nature_n which_o writer_n common_o call_v jus_o naturale_fw-la be_v the_o liberty_n each_o man_n have_v to_o use_v his_o own_o power_n as_o he_o will_v himself_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o his_o own_o life_n and_o consequent_o of_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o in_o his_o own_o judgement_n and_o reason_n he_o shall_v conceive_v to_o be_v the_o apt_a mean_n to_o conduce_v thereto_o and_o there_o be_v much_o more_o to_o this_o purpose_n of_o which_o i_o have_v already_o treat_v in_o my_o note_n upon_o that_o chap._n so_o that_o it_o be_v clear_a by_o his_o doctrine_n that_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n enable_v the_o sovereign_a to_o act_v nothing_o by_o right_n more_o than_o
judge_v whether_o this_o or_o that_o act_n which_o he_o be_v about_o to_o undertake_v be_v according_a to_o that_o rule_n or_o no._n and_o perhaps_o he_o may_v in_o many_o case_n find_v work_n enough_o for_o all_o the_o wit_n he_o have_v to_o regulate_v himself_o according_a to_o that_o rule_n and_o although_o he_o call_v this_o the_o poison_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n yet_o i_o dare_v bold_o say_v it_o be_v that_o bread_n which_o do_v most_o wholesom_o nourish_v support_v and_o maintain_v a_o commonwealth_n viz._n that_o every_o man_n shall_v consider_v and_o judge_v what_o be_v legal_a and_o fit_a for_o he_o to_o do_v let_v we_o go_v on_o with_o he_o chap._n xxiii_o sect_n iii_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o action_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o measure_n of_o humane_a action_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o the_o case_n be_v contradistinct_a instance_n of_o civil_a law_n command_v unjust_a thing_n if_o the_o civil_a law_n command_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o divine_a law_n or_o the_o principle_n of_o faith_n and_o reason_n mr._n hobbs_n his_o arrogancy_n in_o vent_v principle_n contrary_a to_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n note_v and_o censure_v the_o case_n state_v and_o determine_v good_a man_n obedient_a to_o bad_a law_n not_o in_o act_v according_a to_o they_o but_o by_o suffer_v the_o penalty_n inflict_v by_o they_o but_o say_v he_o otherwise_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o measure_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a action_n be_v the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o judge_n the_o legislator_n who_o be_v always_o representative_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n here_o be_v two_o proposition_n i_o shall_v handle_v they_o apart_o they_o be_v both_o indiscreet_a and_o very_o impertinent_a to_o the_o question_n the_o first_o be_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o our_o action_n the_o measure_n be_v indefinite_a without_o any_o limitation_n what_o not_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n shall_v not_o that_o be_v a_o measure_n how_o shall_v a_o man_n be_v able_a to_o commit_v treason_n then_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la against_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v one_o of_o his_o popular_a aphorism_n deliver_v in_o many_o place_n of_o this_o book_n for_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o his_o action_n he_o must_v not_o violate_v that_o for_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o urge_v this_o ad_fw-la hominem_fw-la as_o a_o invincible_a argument_n against_o his_o wicked_a doctrine_n but_o see_v it_o overthrow_v out_o of_o most_o receive_a principle_n it_o be_v possible_a that_o the_o civil_a law_n may_v be_v wicked_a and_o dishonest_a and_o so_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n as_o even_o in_o this_o nation_n they_o have_v make_v sacrilegious_a law_n shall_v not_o i_o judge_v in_o myself_o whether_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o i_o to_o act_v according_a to_o these_o law_n the_o law_n make_v in_o queen_n mary_n day_n which_o shed_v so_o much_o innocent_a blood_n it_o be_v fit_a for_o every_o man_n in_o that_o time_n to_o suffer_v rather_o than_o to_o conspire_v with_o they_o and_o therefore_o he_o must_v be_v judge_n himself_o what_o be_v virtuous_a for_o he_o to_o do_v and_o that_o law_n be_v not_o a_o rule_n to_o guide_v he_o safe_o by_o let_v this_o suffice_v for_o the_o first_o proposition_n the_o second_o be_v and_o the_o judge_n be_v the_o legislator_n who_o be_v always_o representative_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n what_o a_o impossible_a judge_n for_o such_o doubt_n be_v here_o deliver_v make_v the_o legislator_n what_o you_o will_v king_n or_o senate_n or_o what_o you_o please_v the_o question_n to_o be_v determine_v may_v be_v whether_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o titius_n at_o this_o hour_n or_o instant_n to_o act_v according_a to_o this_o civil_a law_n concern_v which_o the_o scruple_n arise_v whether_o it_o be_v not_o against_o the_o divine_a law_n the_o duty_n be_v instant_a now_o require_v it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o this_o man_n to_o obtain_v leave_n to_o inquire_v of_o the_o legislator_n or_o if_o he_o can_v be_v it_o not_o probable_a that_o the_o legislator_n may_v not_o be_v at_o leisure_n to_o answer_v such_o doubt_n it_o can_v be_v therefore_o that_o the_o legislator_n can_v be_v a_o proper_a judge_n of_o such_o question_n titius_n alone_o must_v do_v it_o himself_o neither_o indeed_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o legislator_n to_o foresee_v all_o such_o particular_a scruple_n which_o may_v arise_v out_o of_o general_a rule_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n for_o every_o man_n to_o be_v judge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n concern_v his_o own_o particular_a action_n what_o he_o shall_v do_v but_o he_o reduce_v great_a mishap_n and_o ill_a consequence_n which_o follow_v upon_o this_o doctrine_n which_o must_v be_v examine_v from_o this_o false_a doctrine_n say_v he_o man_n be_v dispose_v to_o debate_v with_o themselves_o and_o dispute_v the_o command_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o why_o not_o good_a reader_n there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o have_v reason_n with_o he_o when_o he_o study_v a_o law-book_n or_o indeed_o any_o other_o beside_o the_o holy_a scripture_n but_o he_o consider_v whether_o that_o law_n or_o discourse_n be_v agree_v to_o the_o principle_n of_o faith_n and_o reason_n whether_o it_o be_v consonant_a with_o equity_n if_o a_o man_n have_v not_o his_o judgement_n free_a to_o himself_o how_o come_v be_v about_o that_o mr._n hobbs_n hope_v to_o prevail_v with_o his_o discourse_n against_o all_o the_o law_n in_o the_o christian_a world_n but_o that_o he_o himself_o think_v there_o be_v a_o freedom_n of_o judgement_n leave_v among_o man_n to_o determine_v by_o their_o reason_n what_o be_v good_a or_o evil_n but_o then_o he_o add_v and_o afterward_o to_o obey_v or_o disobey_v they_o as_o in_o their_o private_a judgement_n they_o shall_v think_v fit_a whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v distract_v and_o weaken_a certain_o every_o man_n live_v will_v obey_v or_o disobey_v as_o he_o think_v fit_a and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o virtuous_a and_o good_a man_n without_o distract_n or_o weaken_v the_o commonwealth_n for_o if_o a_o virtuous_a man_n find_v the_o civil_a law_n contradict_v god_n law_n either_o in_o nature_n or_o scripture_n he_o can_v think_v it_o good_a moraliter_fw-la for_o he_o to_o act_v according_a to_o its_o direction_n but_o his_o oppose_v of_o a_o establish_a law_n shall_v be_v with_o submission_n to_o the_o penalty_n not_o contend_v martial_o against_o it_o for_o the_o accommodation_n of_o this_o present_a content_v be_v which_o be_v his_o doctrine_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o commonwealth_n will_v suffer_v no_o distraction_n but_o rather_o confirmation_n and_o establishment_n when_o a_o man_n private_a evil_n shall_v be_v patient_o endure_v rather_o than_o the_o peace_n of_o a_o kingdom_n shall_v be_v disquiet_v i_o speak_v no_o more_o of_o this_o because_o the_o sense_n be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o that_o doctrine_n which_o he_o censure_v next_o and_o condemn_v chap._n xxiii_o sect_n iu_o mr._n hobbs_n his_o proposition_n evert_v conscience_n define_v and_o distinguish_v of_o conclusion_n secondary_o or_o remote_o deduce_v from_o the_o first_o principle_n no_o conscience_n proper_o and_o strict_o erroneous_a but_o be_v such_o according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a acception_n of_o the_o phrase_n however_o oblige_v the_o case_n put_v upon_o the_o misinterpretation_n of_o scripture_n suppose_v to_o prohibit_v swear_v though_o for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o a_o truth_n and_o the_o error_n assert_v to_o be_v oblige_v two_o objection_n answer_v and_o the_o proposition_n full_o clear_v our_o saviour_n command_n of_o not_o swear_v at_o all_o examine_v and_o elucidate_v of_o promissory_a or_o assertory_n oath_n the_o paragraph_n and_o question_v conclude_v another_o doctrine_n repugnant_a to_o civil_a society_n be_v that_o whatsoever_o a_o man_n do_v against_o his_o conscience_n be_v sin_n and_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o presumption_n of_o make_v himself_o judge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_n certain_o the_o proposition_n be_v true_a whatsoever_o a_o man_n do_v against_o his_o conscience_n be_v sin_n for_o conscience_n include_v in_o its_o name_n and_o nature_n science_n so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o conscience_n without_o there_o be_v a_o knowledge_n of_o the_o condition_n and_o circumstance_n to_o which_o his_o conscience_n be_v apply_v i_o will_v be_v loath_a to_o involve_v myself_o into_o many_o intricate_a question_n but_o entreat_v the_o reader_n to_o consider_v that_o conscience_n be_v the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o practical_a syllogism_n in_o which_o the_o major_n be_v either_o the_o act_n of_o a_o principal_a law_n of_o nature_n or_o some_o general_a rule_n equivalent_a to_o it_o to_o understand_v this_o observe_z that_o there_o be_v two_o innate_a quality_n in_o man_n which_o the_o philosopher_n call_v habitus_n principiorum_fw-la habit_n of_o principle_n which_o do_v
any_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o faith_n and_o the_o mean_n of_o get_v faith_n which_o be_v most_o ordinate_o by_o hear_v and_o no_o doubt_n but_o read_v likewise_o which_o be_v the_o mean_n by_o which_o man_n may_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o will_n of_o god_n so_o likewise_o hear_n come_v by_o those_o accident_n as_o he_o speak_v right_o which_o guide_v we_o into_o the_o presence_n of_o they_o that_o speak_v to_o we_o what_o can_v be_v deduce_v out_o of_o this_o but_o that_o a_o man_n use_v such_o mean_n as_o hear_v and_o such_o accident_n as_o bring_v he_o into_o that_o presence_n god_n bless_v they_o and_o pour_v into_o they_o those_o grace_n which_o enable_v they_o with_o faith_n and_o sanctification_n i_o but_o say_v he_o which_o accident_n be_v all_o contrive_v by_o god_n almighty_a and_o yet_o be_v not_o supernatural_a but_o only_o for_o the_o great_a number_n of_o they_o that_o concur_v to_o every_o effect_n unobservable_a all_o this_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o be_v to_o prove_v that_o faith_n and_o sanctity_n be_v not_o infuse_v for_o whether_o god_n contrive_v those_o mean_n or_o man_n which_o beget_v faith_n or_o whether_o those_o mean_n which_o bring_v we_o to_o hear_v be_v natural_a or_o supernatural_a yet_o god_n bless_v they_o our_o eye_n be_v natural_a which_o see_v it_o our_o ear_n be_v natural_a which_o hear_v those_o thing_n which_o bring_v we_o to_o faith_n and_o sanctity_n yea_o our_o understanding_n be_v natural_a which_o apprehend_v they_o but_o god_n bless_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o as_o his_o holy_a will_n have_v appoint_v with_o supernatural_a grace_n he_o go_v on_o faith_n and_o sanctity_n be_v indeed_o not_o very_o frequent_a let_v that_o be_v grant_v but_o yet_o they_o be_v not_o miracle_n and_o that_o be_v true_a likewise_o for_o miracle_n as_o they_o be_v supernatural_a so_o they_o be_v thing_n beyond_o the_o ordinate_a and_o set_a way_n of_o god_n work_v which_o these_o holy_a operation_n of_o his_o be_v not_o but_o most_o congruous_a to_o his_o set_n and_o prescribe_v way_n of_o act_v they_o upon_o such_o production_n according_a to_o his_o covenant_n he_o proceed_v but_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o education_n discipline_n correction_n and_o other_o natural_a way_n by_o which_o god_n work_v they_o in_o his_o elect_a at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o think_v fit_a it_o be_v true_a and_o yet_o these_o be_v way_n of_o god_n prescribe_v and_o which_o he_o bless_v therefore_o he_o add_v and_o these_o three_o opinion_n pernicious_a to_o peace_n and_o government_n have_v in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o world_n proceed_v chief_o from_o the_o tongue_n and_o pen_n of_o unlearned_a divine_n who_o join_v the_o word_n of_o holy_a scripture_n together_o otherwise_o than_o be_v agreeable_a to_o reason_n do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o make_v man_n think_v that_o sanctity_n and_o natural_a reason_n can_v stand_v together_o give_v i_o leave_v reader_n to_o retort_v this_o discourse_n to_o his_o person_n who_o not_o long_o since_o in_o the_o 26_o chap._n page_n 149._o make_v faith_n not_o a_o duty_n but_o a_o gift_n of_o god_n and_o say_v it_o be_v bare_o a_o operation_n of_o god_n as_o likewise_o internal_a sanctity_n and_o there_o put_v i_o to_o the_o trouble_n of_o prove_v man_n concurrence_n in_o these_o act_n and_o i_o may_v assure_o affirm_v that_o he_o be_v there_o exceed_v guilty_a of_o what_o he_o charge_v ignorant_a divine_n with_o here_o viz._n incongruous_a put_v place_n of_o scripture_n together_o and_o as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o make_v man_n believe_v that_o sanctity_n and_o natural_a reason_n can_v stand_v together_o for_o if_o faith_n be_v only_o a_o gift_n and_o no_o act_n in_o the_o receiver_n or_o use_v of_o it_o insomuch_o as_o no_o command_n can_v be_v give_v concern_v that_o or_o sanctity_n as_o he_o speak_v there_o certain_o natural_a reason_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o it_o and_o as_o there_o i_o be_v force_v to_o prove_v the_o concurrence_n of_o man_n in_o these_o heavenly_a duty_n so_o here_o to_o justify_v his_o former_a doctrine_n i_o must_v prove_v the_o co-operation_n of_o god_n which_o he_o seem_v to_o deny_v let_v the_o reader_n put_v that_o with_o this_o and_o he_o shall_v find_v the_o affirmative_a part_n true_a and_o the_o negative_a false_a in_o both_o chap._n xxiii_o sect_n vii_o sovereign_n oblige_a by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o law_n natural_a the_o royal_a law_n or_o law_n of_o government_n obligatory_a to_o the_o sovereign_a the_o sovereign_a free_a from_o penal_a law_n a_o four_o opinion_n repugnant_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v this_o that_o he_o that_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n true_o i_o conceive_v by_o this_o gentleman_n that_o he_o imagine_v sovereign_n to_o be_v strange_a thing_n which_o must_v be_v subject_a to_o none_o but_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o so_o he_o expound_v it_o present_o not_o to_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n which_o have_v by_o he_o no_o assurance_n that_o it_o be_v such_o but_o from_o the_o supreme_a he_o can_v no_o further_o be_v oblige_v by_o it_o than_o he_o please_v and_o so_o that_o devilish_a speech_n of_o that_o wicked_a woman_n to_o her_o imperial_a son_n will_v be_v make_v good_a quod_fw-la libet_fw-la licet_fw-la but_o this_o term_n subject_a trouble_v i_o to_o find_v out_o what_o he_o mean_v thereby_o if_o he_o mean_v not_o to_o be_v guide_v by_o it_o or_o else_o he_o offend_v without_o all_o doubt_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v rule_v by_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n and_o not_o only_o by_o the_o natural_a law_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v rule_v that_o be_v guide_v by_o his_o own_o civil_a law_n which_o he_o have_v make_v or_o give_v life_n unto_o for_o how_o can_v he_o expect_v a_o observance_n from_o other_o who_o will_v not_o keep_v his_o law_n himself_o but_o if_o he_o mean_v by_o subject_a subject_a to_o penalty_n that_o can_v be_v i_o be_o confident_a in_o a_o well_o contrive_v commonwealth_n because_o all_o penalty_n for_o breach_n intimate_v a_o inferiority_n and_o as_o he_o right_o speak_v afteward_n he_o who_o punish_v either_o bodily_a or_o with_o shame_n or_o with_o whatsoever_o be_v in_o that_o act_n superior_a to_o he_o who_o be_v punish_v but_o his_o dispute_n be_v out_o of_o his_o own_o principle_n which_o have_v be_v twenty_o time_n confute_v that_o be_v he_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o law_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v to_o the_o sovereign_n representative_a that_o be_v to_o himself_o this_o be_v a_o weak_a argument_n because_o he_o be_v not_o the_o representative_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o the_o head_n and_o rule_v it_o one_o word_n more_o there_o may_v be_v law_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n for_o king_n and_o for_o subject_n he_o must_v be_v guide_v by_o these_o which_o be_v the_o royal_a law_n the_o law_n of_o govern_v although_o not_o by_o these_o which_o be_v inferior_a and_o law_n for_o subject_n he_o must_v be_v allow_v those_o prerogative_n which_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o subject_n to_o have_v but_o yet_o he_o ought_v to_o observe_v the_o rule_n of_o govern_v this_o i_o conceive_v be_v enough_o for_o what_o he_o have_v deliver_v in_o that_o paragraph_n he_o begin_v another_o thus_o chap._n xxiii_o sect_n viii_o propriety_n derive_v from_o the_o sovereign_a of_o sovereigns_n the_o quiet_a enjoyment_n of_o estate_n the_o reason_n according_a to_o mr._n hobbs_n of_o the_o imbody_v of_o man_n the_o propriety_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o public_a interest_n it_o exclude_v not_o the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o sovereign_a the_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o many_o case_n decide_v by_o the_o judge_n mr._n hobbs_n his_o indulgence_n to_o the_o late_a usurp_a power_n observe_v a_o five_o doctrine_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v that_o every_o private_a man_n have_v a_o absolute_a propriety_n in_o his_o good_n such_o as_o exclude_v the_o right_a of_o the_o sovereign_a i_o do_v not_o know_v what_o he_o mean_v by_o this_o term_n absolute_a certain_o both_o private_a and_o public_a man_n have_v their_o right_n depend_v upon_o the_o sovereign_n of_o sovereign_n and_o all_o they_o have_v be_v at_o his_o dispose_n but_o otherways_o certain_o it_o tend_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o deny_v a_o absolute_a propriety_n in_o private_a man_n and_o to_o affirm_v that_o in_o no_o commonwealth_n a_o subject_a can_v have_v such_o propriety_n for_o it_o be_v the_o reason_n according_a to_o his_o own_o philosophy_n why_o they_o embody_a themselves_o into_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o so_o they_o may_v enjoy_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n