physic_n to_o soften_v the_o obstinate_a or_o to_o divert_v the_o evil_a intention_n of_o another_o and_o the_o like_a or_o if_o the_o secret_n and_o resolution_n of_o a_o community_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v from_o public_a knowledge_n we_o may_v raise_v false_a rumour_n in_o order_n to_o conceal_v they_o and_o to_o mislead_v the_o importunate_a curiosity_n of_o other_o or_o if_o we_o have_v a_o enemy_n who_o by_o open_a force_n we_o can_v annoy_v we_o may_v by_o way_n of_o stratagem_n make_v use_v of_o any_o lie_a tale_n to_o do_v he_o mischief_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o any_o man_n be_v etc._n x._o part_n of_o the_o truth_n etc._n etc._n bind_v in_o duty_n to_o signify_v plain_o his_o true_a meaning_n to_o another_o he_o be_v not_o without_o blame_n if_o he_o discover_v only_o a_o part_n of_o the_o truth_n or_o amuse_v he_o with_o ambiguous_a discourse_n or_o use_v some_o mental_a reservation_n not_o allow_v in_o the_o common_a conversation_n of_o man_n chap._n xi_o the_o duty_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o oath_n all_o man_n agree_v in_o the_o opinion_n that_o oath_n i._o a_o oath_n a_o oath_n give_v a_o great_a additional_a confirmation_n to_o all_o our_o assertion_n and_o to_o those_o action_n which_o depend_v upon_o our_o discourse_n a_o oath_n be_v a_o religious_a asseveration_n by_o which_o we_o disavow_v the_o divine_a clemency_n or_o imprecate_v to_o ourselves_o the_o wrath_n of_o god_n if_o we_o speak_v not_o the_o truth_n now_o when_o a_o alwise_a and_o a_o almighty_a witness_n and_o guaranty_n be_v invoke_v it_o cause_v a_o strong_a presumption_n of_o the_o truth_n because_o no_o man_n can_v easy_o be_v think_v so_o wicked_a as_o to_o dare_v rash_o to_o call_v down_o upon_o himself_o the_o grievous_a indignation_n of_o the_o deity_n hence_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o take_v the_o same_o with_o awful_a reverence_n and_o religious_o to_o observe_v what_o they_o have_v swear_v now_o the_o end_n and_o use_v of_o a_o oath_n be_v use_v ii_o the_o end_n and_o use_v chief_o this_o to_o oblige_v man_n the_o more_o firm_o to_o speak_v the_o truth_n or_o to_o make_v good_a their_o promise_n and_o contract_v out_o of_o a_o awe_n of_o the_o divine_a be_v who_o be_v infinite_o wise_a and_o powerful_a who_o vengeance_n they_o imprecate_v to_o themselves_o when_o they_o swear_v if_o they_o witting_o be_v guilty_a of_o deceit_n whereas_o otherwise_o the_o fear_n of_o what_o man_n can_v do_v may_v not_o be_v sufficient_a because_o possible_o they_o may_v hope_v to_o oppose_v or_o escape_v their_o power_n or_o to_o beguile_v their_o understanding_n and_o since_o nothing_o but_o the_o deity_n be_v what_o iii_o swear_v by_o what_o omniscient_a and_o almighty_a it_o be_v absurd_a to_o swear_v by_o any_o thing_n which_o we_o do_v not_o suppose_v to_o be_v invest_v with_o divinity_n in_o this_o sense_n as_o to_o call_v upon_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v a_o witness_n to_o the_o oath_n and_o a_o avenger_n of_o the_o 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notion_n than_o that_o which_o be_v consonant_a to_o the_o precept_n of_o his_o religion_n which_o in_o his_o opinion_n be_v the_o true_a hence_o also_o it_o be_v that_o he_o who_o swear_v by_o false_a god_n which_o yet_o himself_o take_v to_o be_v true_a one_o shall_v however_o be_v oblige_v and_o if_o he_o break_v his_o word_n shall_v be_v account_v guilty_a of_o perjury_n because_o he_o set_v the_o general_a notion_n of_o the_o deity_n before_o his_o eye_n it_o be_v no_o matter_n what_o singular_a conception_n he_o may_v have_v thereof_o and_o so_o have_v know_o forswear_v himself_o he_o have_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v violate_v the_o reverence_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o divine_a majesty_n that_o a_o oath_n may_v be_v bind_v it_o be_v necessary_a vi_o deliberation_n necessary_a necessary_a it_o be_v take_v with_o deliberation_n whence_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v by_o a_o oath_n who_o mere_o recite_v it_o or_o speak_v in_o the_o first_o person_n dictate_v the_o concept_n formal_a word_n thereof_o to_o another_o who_o be_v to_o say_v after_o he_o but_o he_o who_o shall_v serious_o behave_v himself_o as_o one_o that_o be_v about_o to_o swear_v solemn_o shall_v be_v oblige_v whatsoever_o mental_a reservation_n he_o all_o the_o while_n may_v harbour_v in_o his_o mind_n for_o otherwise_o all_o oath_n nay_o all_o method_n of_o mutual_a obligation_n by_o the_o intervention_n of_o the_o plain_a signification_n will_v be_v of_o no_o use_n to_o humane_a life_n if_o any_o man_n by_o his_o tacit_n intention_n can_v hinder_v such_o a_o act_n from_o produce_v those_o effect_n which_o be_v the_o very_a design_n of_o its_o be_v do_v oath_n do_v not_o of_o themselves_o produce_v oblige_v vi_o oath_n how_o oblige_v any_o new_a and_o particular_a obligation_n but_o be_v superinduce_v upon_o a_o obligation_n that_o be_v before_o valid_a as_o a_o accessional_a strength_n to_o the_o engagement_n for_o always_o when_o we_o swear_v we_o have_v somewhat_o under_o our_o contemplation_n which_o not_o make_v good_a we_o provoke_v the_o divine_a wrath_n upon_o ourselves_o and_o this_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o think_v if_o it_o be_v not_o unlawful_a not_o to_o perform_v what_o be_v suppose_v and_o consequent_o not_o oblige_v so_o to_o do_v beforehand_o though_o sometime_o it_o must_v be_v allow_v that_o the_o prime_a engagement_n and_o the_o oath_n too_o may_v be_v comprise_v in_o the_o same_o sentence_n as_o thus_o as_o god_n help_v i_o i_o will_v give_v you_o a_o hundred_o pound_n where_o the_o oath_n be_v not_o superfluous_a albeit_o it_o be_v add_v to_o a_o promise_n that_o be_v valid_a of_o it_o self_n because_o though_o every_o good_a man_n believe_v a_o bare_a promise_n to_o oblige_v yet_o it_o be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o more_o firm_a when_o it_o be_v reinforce_v with_o a_o imprecation_n of_o vengeance_n from_o above_o upon_o a_o failure_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o any_o act_n which_o have_v natural_o a_o flaw_n in_o themselves_o can_v be_v make_v obligatory_a by_o the_o accession_n of_o a_o oath_n as_o neither_o can_v a_o subsequent_a oath_n avoid_v a_o former_a legitimate_a engagement_n or_o annul_v that_o right_n which_o another_o may_v claim_v thereby_o thus_o a_o man_n will_v swear_v in_o vain_a not_o to_o pay_v another_o person_n what_o be_v just_o due_a to_o he_o nor_o will_v a_o oath_n be_v of_o any_o validity_n where_o it_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v make_v by_o the_o juror_n upon_o supposition_n of_o a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v which_o be_v not_o real_o so_o and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v so_o swear_v have_v not_o he_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v do_v especial_o if_o he_o be_v cajole_v into_o such_o his_o error_n by_o the_o craft_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o oath_n be_v make_v neither_o shall_v he_o who_o by_o set_v i_o under_o panic_n fear_v force_n i_o to_o take_v a_o oath_n have_v any_o good_a title_n to_o require_v my_o performance_n farthermore_o a_o oath_n shall_v have_v no_o obligation_n upon_o i_o to_o do_v any_o unlawful_a act_n or_o to_o omit_v the_o perform_v any_o duty_n enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o man._n last_o a_o oath_n can_v alter_v the_o nature_n or_o substance_n of_o the_o contract_n or_o promise_v to_o which_o it_o be_v annex_v hence_o it_o can_v oblige_v to_o impossibility_n again_o a_o conditional_a promise_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o oath_n be_v not_o change_v into_o positive_a or_o absolute_a and_o to_o a_o swear_a promise_n as_o well_o as_o to_o one_o without_o a_o oath_n acceptance_n from_o the_o other_o party_n be_v require_v to_o make_v it_o obligatory_a but_o the_o take_n of_o a_o oath_n have_v this_o punishment_n vii_o punishment_n effect_n among_o man_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o that_o
the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n by_o that_o famous_a civilian_n samvel_n puffendorf_n professor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o university_n of_o heidelberg_n and_o in_o the_o caroline_n university_n afterward_o counsellor_n and_o historiographer_n to_o the_o k._n of_o sweden_n and_o to_o his_o electoral_a highness_n of_o brandenburg_n now_o make_v english_a license_v and_o enter_v according_a to_o law_n quod_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la pertinet_fw-la &_o nescire_fw-la malum_fw-la est_fw-la agitamus_fw-la hor._n s._n 2._o 7._o london_n print_v by_o benj._n motte_n for_o charles_n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over-against_o s._n dunstan_n church_n fleetstreet_n mdcxci_o to_o his_o honour_a friend_n mr._n george_n white_a of_o london_n merchant_z this_o tractate_n concern_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v offer_v dedicate_v present_v by_o his_o humble_a and_o most_o oblige_a servant_n the_o translator_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o translator_n have_v observe_v in_o most_o of_o the_o dispute_n wherewith_o the_o present_a age_n be_v disquiet_v frequent_a appeal_n make_v and_o that_o very_o proper_o from_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o a_o mean_a rank_n to_o the_o everlasting_a law_n of_o nature_n give_v himself_o the_o pain_n to_o turn_v over_o several_a writer_n on_o that_o subject_a he_o chance_v he_o think_v with_o great_a reason_n to_o entertain_v a_o opinion_n that_o this_o author_n be_v the_o clear_a the_o full_a and_o the_o most_o unprejudiced_a of_o any_o he_o meet_v with_o and_o hereupon_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o possess_v himself_o of_o his_o reason_n he_o attempt_v to_o render_v the_o work_n into_o mother-tongue_n after_o he_o have_v first_o endeavour_v to_o set_v several_a better_a hand_n upon_o the_o undertake_n who_o all_o for_o one_o reason_n or_o other_o decline_v the_o toil._n he_o think_v when_o it_o be_v do_v it_o may_v be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o one_o or_o other_o to_o read_v it_o as_o it_o have_v be_v to_o himself_o to_o translate_v it_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v right_o to_o the_o author_n as_o he_o hope_v he_o have_v not_o miss_v in_o any_o material_a point_n he_o be_v very_o willing_a to_o be_v correct_v the_o work_n it_o be_v true_a be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o epitome_n of_o the_o author_n be_v large_a volume_n but_o have_v be_v extract_v and_o publish_v by_o himself_o the_o reader_n can_v be_v under_o any_o doubt_n but_o that_o he_o have_v the_o quintessence_n of_o what_o be_v there_o deliver_v what_o be_v pare_v off_o be_v most_o case_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n refutation_n of_o other_o author_n and_o some_o notion_n too_o fine_a and_o unnecessary_a for_o a_o manual_a concern_v the_o author_n it_o be_v enough_o to_o say_v that_o he_o have_v sure_o have_v as_o great_a regard_n pay_v he_o from_o personage_n of_o the_o high_a degree_n as_o perhaps_o ever_o be_v give_v to_o the_o most_o learned_a of_o man_n be_v invite_v from_o his_o native_a country_n first_o by_o the_o elector_n palatine_n to_o be_v professor_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n in_o the_o university_n of_o heidelberg_n then_o by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n to_o honour_v his_o new-raised_a academy_n by_o accept_v the_o same_o charge_n therein_o and_o afterward_o be_v admit_v of_o the_o council_n and_o make_v historiographer_n both_o to_o the_o same_o king_n and_o to_o his_o electoral_a highness_n of_o brandenburg_n where_o except_o he_o be_v very_o late_o dead_a he_o live_v at_o this_o time_n in_o the_o great_a respect_n of_o all_o man_n of_o sense_n and_o understanding_n the_o author_n preface_n have_v not_o the_o custom_n which_o have_v so_o general_o obtain_v among_o learned_a man_n almost_o procure_v to_o itself_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n it_o may_v seem_v altogether_o superfluous_a to_o premise_v a_o word_n concern_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o present_a undertake_n the_o thing_n itself_o plain_o declare_v my_o whole_a design_n to_o be_v the_o give_v as_o short_a and_o yet_o if_o i_o mistake_v not_o as_o plain_a and_o perspicuous_a a_o compendium_n of_o the_o most_o material_a article_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o be_v possible_a and_o this_o lest_o if_o those_o who_o betake_v themselves_o to_o this_o sort_n of_o study_n shall_v enter_v the_o vast_a field_n of_o knowledge_n without_o have_v full_o imbibe_v the_o rudiment_n thereof_o shall_v at_o first_o sight_n be_v terrify_v and_o confound_v by_o the_o copiousness_n and_o difficulty_n of_o the_o matter_n occur_v therein_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o seem_v plain_o a_o very_a expedient_a work_n for_o the_o public_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o youth_n especial_o shall_v be_v early_o imbue_v with_o that_o moral_a learning_n for_o which_o they_o will_v have_v such_o manifest_a occasion_n and_o so_o frequent_a use_n through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o life_n and_o although_o i_o have_v always_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o work_n deserve_v no_o great_a honour_n to_o epitomise_v the_o large_a write_n of_o other_o and_o more_o especial_o one_o own_n yet_o have_v thus_o do_v out_o of_o submission_n to_o the_o command_a authority_n of_o my_o superior_n i_o hope_v no_o honest_a man_n will_v blame_v i_o for_o have_v endeavour_v hereby_o the_o improvement_n of_o the_o understanding_n of_o young_a man_n more_o particular_o to_o who_o so_o great_a regard_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o whatsoever_o work_n be_v undertake_v for_o their_o sake_n though_o it_o may_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o great_a acuteness_n or_o splendid_a eloquence_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v account_v unworthy_a of_o any_o man_n pain_n beside_o that_o no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n will_v deny_v that_o these_o principle_n thus_o lay_v down_o be_v more_o conducive_a to_o the_o understanding_n of_o all_o law_n in_o general_n than_o any_o element_n of_o the_o law_n civil_a can_v be_v and_o this_o may_v have_v suffice_v for_o the_o present_a but_o i_o be_o mind_v by_o some_o that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a to_o lay_v down_o some_o few_o particular_n which_o will_v conduce_v much_o to_o a_o right_a understanding_n of_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o for_o the_o better_a ascertain_v its_o just_a bound_n and_o limit_n and_o this_o i_o have_v be_v the_o more_o ready_a to_o do_v that_o i_o may_v on_o this_o occasion_n obviate_v the_o pretence_n of_o some_o overnice_a gentleman_n who_o be_v apt_a to_o pass_v their_o squeamish_a censure_n on_o this_o sort_n of_o learning_n which_o in_o many_o instance_n be_v whole_o separate_v from_o their_o province_n now_o it_o be_v very_o manifest_a that_o man_n derive_v the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v or_o to_o be_v avoid_v in_o this_o life_n as_o it_o be_v from_o three_o spring_n or_o fountain-head_n to_o wit_n from_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n from_o the_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o country_n and_o from_o the_o special_a revelation_n of_o almighty_a god_n from_o the_o first_o of_o these_o proceed_v all_o those_o most_o common_a and_o ordinary_a duty_n of_o a_o man_n more_o particular_o those_o that_o constitute_v he_o a_o sociable_a creature_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n from_o the_o second_o be_v derive_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o man_n as_o he_o be_v a_o member_n of_o any_o particular_a city_n or_o commonwealth_n from_o the_o three_o result_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o christian_a man._n and_o from_o hence_o proceed_v three_o distinct_a science_n the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n common_a to_o all_o nation_n the_o second_o be_v of_o the_o civil_a or_o municipal_a law_n peculiar_a to_o each_o country_n which_o be_v or_o may_v be_v as_o manifold_a and_o various_a as_o there_o be_v different_a state_n and_o government_n in_o the_o world_n the_o three_o be_v moral_a divinity_n as_o it_o be_v contra-distinct_a to_o that_o part_n of_o divinity_n which_o explain_v the_o article_n of_o our_o faith_n each_o of_o these_o science_n have_v a_o peculiar_a way_n of_o prove_v their_o maxim_n according_a to_o their_o own_o principle_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n assert_n that_o this_o or_o that_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v do_v because_o from_o right_a reason_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o same_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o society_n among_o man_n of_o civil_a law_n and_o constitution_n the_o supreme_a reason_n be_v the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n the_o obligation_n of_o moral_a divinity_n lie_v whole_o in_o this_o because_o god_n in_o the_o sacred_a scripture_n have_v so_o command_v now_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n presuppose_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o the_o more_o general_a science_n so_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n wherein_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v altogether_o silent_a we_o must_v not_o therefore_o
society_n and_o this_o too_o be_v very_o evident_a in_o the_o prohibitory_a precept_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o natural_a not_o positive_a law_n for_o although_o every_o command_n do_v virtual_o contain_v in_o itself_o a_o prohibition_n of_o the_o opposite_a vice_n as_o for_o instance_n he_o that_o be_v command_v to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n forbid_v to_o do_v such_o action_n as_o may_v any_o way_n thwart_v or_o contradict_v this_o duty_n of_o love_n yet_o it_o seem_v superfluous_a that_o these_o thing_n shall_v be_v ordain_v by_o express_a command_n where_o there_o be_v no_o disorderly_a inclination_n to_o excite_v man_n to_o the_o commit_v such_o wrong_n for_o the_o illustration_n of_o which_o this_o may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o solon_n will_v by_o no_o public_a law_n enact_v any_o punishment_n for_o parricide_n because_o he_o think_v that_o no_o child_n can_v be_v guilty_a of_o so_o horrid_a a_o impiety_n the_o like_a whereof_o we_o may_v find_v in_o what_o be_v report_v by_o francis_n lopez_n in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o west-indies_n chap._n 207._o concernning_n the_o people_n of_o nicaragua_n he_o tell_v we_o that_o they_o have_v not_o appoint_v any_o punishment_n for_o those_o who_o shall_v kill_v their_o prince_n because_o say_v they_o there_o can_v be_v no_o subject_a who_o will_v contrive_v or_o perpetrate_v so_o base_a a_o action_n i_o be_o afraid_a it_o may_v savour_v too_o much_o of_o affectation_n to_o enlarge_v any_o far_o in_o the_o proof_n of_o what_o be_v in_o itself_o so_o clear_a and_o evident_a yet_o i_o shall_v add_v this_o one_o example_n fit_v to_o the_o mean_a capacity_n suppose_v there_o be_v two_o child_n but_o of_o different_a disposition_n commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o a_o certain_a person_n one_o whereof_o be_v modest_a and_o bashful_a take_v great_a delight_n in_o his_o study_n the_o other_o prove_v unruly_a surly_a give_v himself_o over_o more_o to_o loose_v pleasure_n than_o to_o learning_n now_o the_o duty_n of_o both_o of_o these_o be_v the_o same_o to_o follow_v their_o study_n but_o the_o particular_a precept_n proper_a to_o each_o be_v different_a for_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o advise_v the_o former_a to_o what_o kind_n of_o study_n he_o must_v apply_v himself_o at_o what_o time_n and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v follow_v but_o as_o for_o the_o other_o he_o must_v be_v enjoin_v under_o severe_a penalty_n not_o to_o wander_v abroad_o not_o to_o game_n not_o to_o sell_v his_o book_n not_o to_o get_v other_o to_o make_v his_o exercise_n not_o to_o play_v the_o good_a fellow_n not_o to_o run_v after_o harlot_n now_o if_o any_o one_o shall_v undertake_v in_o a_o set_a discourse_n to_o declaim_v against_o these_o thing_n to_o he_o of_o the_o contrary_a temper_n the_o child_n may_v very_o well_o enjoin_v he_o silence_n and_o bid_v he_o inculcate_v they_o to_o any_o body_n else_o rather_o than_o to_o he_o who_o take_v no_o delight_n or_o pleasure_n in_o such_o practice_n from_o whence_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o manifest_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v have_v a_o quite_o different_a face_n if_o we_o be_v to_o consider_v man_n as_o he_o be_v in_o his_o primitive_a state_n of_o innocence_n and_o now_o since_o the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o this_o science_n whereby_o it_o be_v distinguish_v from_o moral_a divinity_n be_v so_o clear_o set_v down_o it_o ought_v at_o least_o to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o other_o science_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n physic_n natural_a philosophy_n and_o the_o mathematics_n wherein_o if_o any_o unskilful_a person_n presume_v to_o meddle_v assume_v to_o himself_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o censor_n without_o any_o authority_n he_o may_v fair_o have_v that_o object_v to_o he_o which_o be_v former_o do_v by_o apelles_n to_o megabyzus_n who_o undertake_v to_o talk_v at_o random_n about_o the_o art_n of_o paint_v pray_v say_v he_o be_v silent_a lest_o the_o boy_n laugh_v at_o you_o who_o pretend_v to_o talk_v of_o matter_n you_o do_v not_o understand_v now_o upon_o the_o whole_a i_o be_o content_v to_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o judgement_n of_o discreet_a and_o intelligent_a person_n but_o as_o for_o ignorant_a and_o spiteful_a detractor_n it_o be_v better_a to_o leave_v they_o to_o themselves_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o their_o own_o folly_n and_o malice_n since_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a proverb_n the_o ethiopian_n can_v change_v his_o skin_n content_n book_n i._n chap._n i._n of_o human_a action_n pag._n 1._o ii_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o human_a action_n or_o of_o law_n in_o general_n 25_o iii_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 33_o iu._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n or_o concern_v natural_a religion_n 50_o v._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o himself_o 64_o vi._n of_o the_o duty_n of_o one_o man_n towards_o another_o and_o first_o of_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o man._n 88_o vii_o the_o natural_a equality_n of_o man_n to_o be_v acknowledge_v 98_o viii_o of_o the_o mutual_a duty_n of_o humanity_n 105_o ix_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o make_v contract_n 112_o x._o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o discourse_n 131_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o those_o that_o take_v a_o oath_n 138_o xii_o duty_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o acquire_v possession_n of_o thing_n 145_o xiii_o the_o duty_n which_o natural_o result_v from_o man_n property_n in_o thing_n 160_o fourteen_o of_o the_o price_n and_o value_n of_o thing_n 164_o xv._o of_o those_o contract_n in_o which_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n be_v presuppose_v and_o of_o the_o duty_n thence_o arise_v 174_o xvi_o the_o several_a method_n by_o which_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o contract_n be_v dissolve_v 191._o xvii_o of_o mean_v or_o interpretation_n 196_o book_n ii_o chap._n i._n of_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o men._n 207_o ii_o of_o the_o duty_n of_o the_o marry_v state_n 220_o iii_o the_o duty_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n 228_o iu._n the_o duty_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n 237_o v._n the_o impulsive_a cause_n of_o constitute_v community_n 241_o vi._n of_o the_o internal_a frame_n and_o constitution_n of_o any_o state_n or_o government_n 249_o vii_o of_o the_o several_a part_n of_o government_n 259_o viii_o of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o government_n 265_o ix_o the_o qualification_n of_o civil_a government_n 273_o x._o how_o government_n especial_o monarchical_a be_v acquire_v 276_o xi_o the_o duty_n of_o supreme_a governor_n 283_o xii_o of_o the_o special_a law_n of_o a_o community_n 293_o xiii_o of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n 299_o fourteen_o of_o reputation_n 310_o xv._o of_o the_o power_n of_o governor_n over_o the_o good_n of_o their_o subject_n 316_o xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n 319_o xvii_o of_o alliance_n 329_o xviii_o the_o duty_n of_o subject_n 333_o write_v by_o the_o same_o author_n and_o translate_v by_o j._n c._n the_o history_n of_o popedom_n contain_v a_o account_n of_o the_o rise_v progress_n and_o decay_n thereof_o sell_v by_o c._n harper_n at_o the_o flower-de-luce_n over_o against_o s._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n and_o j._n hindmarsh_n at_o the_o golden_a ball_n over_o against_o the_o royal_a exchange_n cornhill_n the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n book_n i._n chap._n i._o of_o human_a action_n what_o we_o mean_v here_o by_o duty_n i._o what_o be_v duty_n the_o word_n duty_n be_v that_o action_n of_o a_o man_n which_o be_v regular_o order_v according_a to_o some_o prescribe_a law_n so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v thereto_o oblige_v to_o the_o understanding_n whereof_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o premise_v somewhat_o as_o well_o touch_v the_o nature_n of_o a_o human_a action_n as_o concern_v law_n in_o general_n by_o a_o human_a action_n we_o mean_v not_o action_n ii_o what_o a_o human_a action_n every_o motion_n that_o proceed_v from_o the_o faculty_n of_o a_o man_n but_o such_o only_a as_o have_v their_o original_a and_o direction_n from_o those_o faculty_n which_o god_n almighty_a have_v endow_v mankind_n withal_o distinct_a from_o brute_n that_o be_v such_o as_o be_v undertake_v by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o will._n for_o it_o be_v not_o only_o put_v in_o the_o power_n capacity_n iii_o human_a capacity_n of_o man_n to_o know_v the_o various_a thing_n which_o appear_v in_o the_o world_n to_o compare_v they_o one_o with_o another_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o form_n to_o himself_o new_a notion_n but_o he_o be_v able_a to_o look_v forward_o and_o to_o consider_v what_o he_o be_v to_o do_v and_o to_o carry_v himself_o to_o the_o performance_n of_o it_o and_o this_o to_o do_v after_o some_o certain_a manner_n and_o to_o some_o certain_a end_n and_o then_o he_o can_v collect_v what_o will_v be_v the_o
for_o render_v man_n illustrious_a if_o right_o temper_v with_o prudence_n and_o magnanimity_n the_o dispensation_n whereof_o and_o the_o manner_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o giver_n and_o receiver_n wherein_o care_n be_v first_o of_o all_o to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o bounty_n we_o be_v about_o to_o exercise_n do_v not_o more_o hurt_v than_o good_a to_o the_o person_n to_o who_o we_o design_v a_o kindness_n and_o to_o other_o next_z that_o our_o bounty_n be_v not_o great_a than_o consist_v with_o our_o ability_n then_o that_o the_o worthiness_n of_o man_n be_v regard_v in_o our_o distribution_n and_o preference_n give_v to_o the_o well-deserving_a that_o we_o consider_v how_o far_o each_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o our_o help_n and_o observe_v the_o degree_n of_o relation_n among_o man_n moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v what_o every_o one_o want_v most_o and_o what_o they_o can_v or_o can_v compass_v with_o or_o without_o our_o assistance_n the_o manner_n also_o of_o exercise_v act_n of_o kindness_n will_v render_v they_o more_o acceptable_a if_o they_o be_v do_v cheerful_o ready_o and_o hearty_o and_o then_o he_o who_o receive_v a_o benefit_n gratitude_n vi_o gratitude_n ought_v to_o have_v a_o grateful_a mind_n by_o which_o he_o be_v to_o make_v it_o manifest_a that_o it_o be_v acceptable_a to_o he_o and_o that_o for_o its_o sake_n he_o have_v kind_a wish_n for_o the_o donor_n and_o that_o he_o want_v nothing_o but_o a_o opportunity_n or_o a_o ability_n of_o make_v if_o possible_a a_o requital_n of_o the_o full_a value_n or_o more_o for_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o return_v we_o make_v be_v exact_o tantamount_n to_o the_o courtesy_n we_o receive_v but_o our_o goodwill_n and_o hearty_a endeavour_n be_v in_o lieu_n to_o be_v accept_v not_o but_o that_o sometime_o he_o who_o pretend_v to_o have_v do_v i_o a_o kindness_n may_v not_o have_v reason_n to_o say_v he_o have_v oblige_v i_o as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v drag_v i_o out_o of_o the_o water_n into_o which_o he_o push_v i_o before_o i_o owe_v he_o no_o thanks_o for_o that_o now_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o benefit_n thanks_o vii_o thanks_o be_v apt_a to_o oblige_v and_o place_v engagement_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n by_o so_o much_o aught_o the_o party_n who_o be_v behold_v be_v the_o more_o eager_a to_o return_v his_o thanks_o if_o it_o be_v but_o because_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o suffer_v our_o benefactor_n who_o out_o of_o a_o good_a opinion_n he_o have_v of_o we_o have_v do_v we_o a_o kindness_n to_o think_v worse_o of_o we_o and_o because_o we_o shall_v not_o receive_v any_o favour_n but_o with_o a_o design_n to_o endeavour_v that_o the_o giver_n shall_v never_o have_v cause_n to_o repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v for_o we_o for_o if_o for_o any_o particular_a reason_n we_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o be_v behold_v to_o such_o or_o such_o a_o man_n he_o may_v civil_o avoid_v the_o accept_n of_o the_o courtesy_n and_o true_o if_o no_o grateful_a return_v be_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o benefit_n it_o will_v be_v unreasonable_a for_o any_o man_n to_o cast_v away_o what_o he_o have_v and_o to_o do_v a_o good_a turn_n where_o beforehand_o he_o be_v sure_a it_o will_v be_v slight_v by_o which_o mean_v all_o beneficence_n goodwill_n and_o brotherly_a love_n will_v be_v lose_v among_o man_n and_o there_o will_v be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o do_v kindness_n frank_o nor_o any_o opportunity_n of_o procure_v mutual_a friendship_n leave_v in_o the_o world_n and_o though_o the_o ungrateful_a man_n can_v ingratitude_n viii_o ingratitude_n be_v precise_o say_v to_o do_v a_o wrong_n yet_o the_o charge_n of_o ingratitude_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o more_o base_a more_o odious_a and_o detestable_a than_o that_o of_o injustice_n because_o it_o be_v judge_v a_o sign_n of_o a_o abject_a and_o rascally_a soul_n for_o a_o man_n to_o show_v himself_o unworthy_a of_o the_o good_a opinion_n which_o another_o have_v entertain_v of_o his_o probity_n and_o not_o to_o be_v move_v to_o some_o sense_n of_o humanity_n by_o benefit_n which_o have_v a_o power_n to_o tame_v even_o the_o brute_n but_o let_v ingratitude_n be_v never_o so_o abominable_a yet_o simple_o consider_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bare_a forget_v of_o a_o courtesy_n and_o a_o neglect_v of_o make_v a_o due_a return_n upon_o occasion_n court_v of_o judicature_n take_v no_o cognizance_n of_o it_o for_o it_o will_v lose_v the_o name_n of_o bounty_n if_o it_o be_v redemandable_a by_o law_n as_o money_n lend_v be_v because_o than_o it_o will_v be_v a_o credit_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v a_o high_a instance_n of_o generosity_n to_o be_v grateful_a it_o will_v cease_v to_o be_v a_o generous_a action_n when_o so_o to_o do_v can_v not_o be_v avoid_v beside_o that_o it_o will_v take_v up_o the_o business_n of_o all_o court_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n in_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o all_o the_o circumstance_n which_o either_o will_v enhanse_v or_o lessen_v the_o benefit_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o this_o end_n i_o bestow_v it_o to_o wit_n that_o i_o do_v not_o therefore_o demand_v a_o promise_n of_o repayment_n that_o so_o the_o other_o may_v have_v a_o occasion_n of_o show_v his_o gratitude_n not_o for_o fear_v of_o punishment_n but_o out_o of_o love_n to_o honesty_n and_o to_o manifest_v that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o hope_n of_o gain_n but_o only_o out_o of_o mere_a kindness_n that_o i_o be_v liberal_a of_o that_o which_o i_o will_v not_o take_v care_n shall_v be_v reimburse_v to_o i_o but_o for_o he_o who_o improve_v his_o ingratitude_n and_o not_o only_o give_v no_o thanks_o to_o but_o injure_v his_o benefactor_n this_o shall_v cause_v a_o aggravation_n of_o his_o punishment_n because_o it_o plain_o demonstrate_v the_o profligate_v villainy_n and_o baseness_n of_o his_o mind_n chap._n ix_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o make_v contract_n from_z the_o duty_n absolute_a to_o those_o contract_v i._o contract_v that_o be_v conditional_a we_o must_v take_v our_o passage_n as_o it_o be_v through_o the_o intermediate_v contract_n for_o since_o all_o duty_n except_o those_o already_o mention_v seem_v to_o presuppose_v some_o covenant_n either_o express_v or_o imply_v we_o shall_v therefore_o in_o the_o next_o place_n treat_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o contract_n and_o what_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o party_n concern_v therein_o now_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o it_o be_v absolute_o they_o ii_o the_o necessity_n of_o they_o necessary_a for_o man_n to_o enter_v into_o mutual_a contract_n for_o though_o the_o duty_n of_o humanity_n diffuse_v themselves_o far_o and_o near_o through_o all_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n yet_o that_o alone_o be_v not_o ground_n sufficient_a whereon_o to_o fix_v all_o the_o obligation_n which_o may_v be_v necessary_a to_o be_v make_v reciprocal_a between_o one_o and_o another_o for_o all_o man_n be_v not_o endow_v with_o so_o much_o good_a nature_n as_o that_o they_o will_v do_v all_o good_a office_n to_o every_o man_n out_o of_o mere_a kindness_n except_o they_o have_v some_o certain_a expectation_n of_o receive_v the_o like_a again_o and_o very_o often_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o service_n we_o will_v have_v to_o be_v do_v to_o we_o by_o other_o man_n be_v of_o that_o sort_n that_o we_o can_v with_o modesty_n desire_v they_o frequent_o also_o it_o may_v not_o become_v one_o of_o my_o fortune_n or_o in_o my_o station_n to_o be_v behold_v to_o another_o for_o such_o a_o thing_n so_o that_o many_o time_n another_o can_v give_v neither_o be_v we_o willing_a to_o accept_v unless_o that_o other_o receive_v a_o equivalent_a from_o we_o and_o it_o happen_v not_o seldom_o that_o my_o neighbour_n know_v not_o how_o he_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o my_o occasion_n therefore_o that_o these_o mutual_a good_a office_n which_o be_v the_o product_n of_o sociality_n may_v be_v more_o free_o and_o regular_o exercise_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o man_n shall_v agree_v among_o themselves_o concern_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v on_o this_o side_n and_o on_o that_o which_o no_o man_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n alone_o can_v have_v assure_v himself_o of_o so_o that_o it_o be_v beforehand_o to_o be_v adjust_v what_o this_o man_n do_v so_o by_o his_o neighbour_n he_o be_v to_o expect_v in_o lieu_n of_o the_o same_o and_o which_o he_o may_v lawful_o demand_v this_o be_v do_v by_o mean_n of_o promise_n and_o contract_n with_o respect_n to_o this_o general_a duty_n it_o veracity_n iii_o veracity_n be_v a_o obligation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o every_o man_n keep_v his_o word_n or_o fulfil_v his_o promise_n and_o make_v good_a his_o contract_n for_o without_o this_o a_o
a_o instrument_n of_o human_a society_n discourse_n be_v there_o be_v no_o man_n can_v be_v ignorant_a since_o many_o have_v make_v that_o only_o a_o argument_n to_o prove_v man_n to_o be_v by_o nature_n design_v for_o a_o social_n life_n now_o that_o a_o lawful_a and_o beneficial_a use_n may_v be_v make_v hereof_o for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o same_o human_a society_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n have_v give_v man_n this_o for_o a_o duty_n that_o no_o man_n deceive_v another_o either_o by_o discourse_n or_o any_o other_o sign_n which_o customary_o be_v accept_v to_o express_v our_o inward_a meaning_n but_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o discourse_n may_v word_n ii_o vniform_a signification_n of_o word_n be_v more_o thorough_o understand_v it_o must_v first_o be_v know_v that_o there_o be_v a_o twofold_a obligation_n respect_v discourse_n whether_o express_v with_o the_o voice_n or_o write_v in_o character_n the_o first_o be_v that_o those_o who_o make_v use_v of_o the_o same_o language_n be_v oblige_v to_o apply_v such_o certain_a word_n to_o such_o certain_a thing_n according_a as_o custom_n have_v make_v they_o to_o signify_v in_o each_o language_n for_o since_o neither_o any_o word_n nor_o any_o particular_a stroke_n form_v into_o letter_n can_v natural_o denote_v any_o certain_a thing_n otherwise_o all_o language_n and_o character_n for_o writing_n will_v be_v the_o same_o and_o hence_o the_o use_n of_o the_o tongue_n will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n if_o every_o man_n may_v call_v every_o thing_n by_o what_o name_n he_o please_v it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a among_o those_o who_o speak_v the_o same_o language_n that_o there_o be_v a_o tacit_n agreement_n between_o they_o that_o this_o certain_a thing_n shall_v be_v so_o or_o so_o call_v and_o not_o otherwise_o so_o that_o unless_o a_o uniform_a application_n of_o word_n be_v agree_v upon_o it_o will_v be_v impossible_a for_o one_o man_n to_o gather_v the_o mean_v of_o another_o from_o his_o talk_n by_o virtue_n then_o of_o this_o tacit_n compact_v every_o man_n be_v bind_v in_o his_o common_a discourse_n to_o apply_v his_o word_n to_o that_o sense_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o receive_a signification_n thereof_o in_o that_o language_n from_o whence_o also_o it_o follow_v that_o albeit_o a_o man_n sentiment_n may_v differ_v from_o what_o he_o express_v in_o word_n yet_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o human_a life_n he_o must_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o intend_v what_o he_o say_v though_o as_o be_v say_v perhaps_o his_o inward_a mean_v be_v the_o clean_a contrary_n for_o since_o we_o can_v be_v inform_v of_o another_o mind_n otherwise_o than_o by_o outward_a sign_n all_o use_n of_o discourse_n will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n if_o by_o mental_a reservation_n which_o any_o man_n may_v form_v as_o he_o list_v it_o may_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o elude_v what_o he_o have_v declare_v by_o sign_n usual_o accept_v to_o that_o end_n the_o other_o obligation_n which_o concern_v plain_a iii_o discourse_n to_o be_v plain_a discourse_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o every_o man_n ought_v by_o his_o word_n so_o to_o express_v to_o another_o his_o mean_v that_o he_o may_v be_v plain_o understand_v not_o but_o that_o it_o be_v in_o a_o man_n power_n to_o be_v silent_a as_o well_o as_o to_o speak_v and_o whereas_o no_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o tell_v every_o one_o what_o he_o bear_v in_o his_o mind_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o there_o be_v some_o peculiar_a obligation_n that_o shall_v engage_v he_o first_o to_o speak_v and_o then_o so_o to_o speak_v as_o that_o another_o shall_v full_o understand_v his_o mean_v such_o obligation_n may_v arise_v from_o a_o particular_a compact_n or_o some_o common_a precept_n of_o the_o law_n natural_a or_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o present_a affair_n in_o which_o speech_n be_v make_v use_n of_o for_o oftentimes_o a_o bargain_n be_v make_v express_o with_o a_o man_n that_o he_o shall_v disclose_v to_o i_o all_o that_o he_o know_v in_o some_o matter_n as_o suppose_v i_o desire_v to_o be_v instruct_v in_o any_o science_n frequent_o also_o i_o may_v be_v command_v by_o some_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o communicate_v my_o skill_n to_o another_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v i_o may_v be_v helpful_a to_o he_o or_o that_o i_o may_v save_v he_o from_o mischief_n or_o that_o i_o may_v not_o give_v he_o some_o cause_n or_o occasion_n of_o receive_v a_o harm_n and_o last_o the_o present_a case_n may_v require_v i_o to_o declare_v my_o opinion_n in_o a_o matter_n wherein_o another_o be_v concern_v as_o it_o happen_v often_o in_o contract_n of_o the_o great_a importance_n but_o because_o it_o can_v always_o happen_v that_o silence_n iv_o silence_n upon_o any_o of_o these_o head_n i_o be_o oblige_v to_o signify_v my_o thought_n upon_o any_o matter_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o i_o be_o not_o bind_v to_o disclose_v in_o word_n any_o more_o than_o another_o have_v a_o right_a either_o perfect_a or_o imperfect_a to_o require_v so_o that_o i_o may_v by_o hold_v my_o tongue_n lawful_o conceal_v what_o he_o have_v no_o just_a claim_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o or_o to_o the_o discovery_n whereof_o i_o lie_v under_o no_o obligation_n however_o earnest_o it_o be_v desire_v nay_o since_o speech_n be_v not_o only_o ordain_v discourse_n v._o counterfeit_v discourse_n for_o the_o use_n of_o other_o but_o our_o own_o benefit_n also_o therefore_o whensoever_o my_o private_a interest_n be_v concern_v and_o it_o occasion_n damage_n to_o no_o body_n else_o i_o may_v so_o order_v my_o word_n that_o they_o may_v communicate_v a_o sense_n different_a from_o that_o which_o i_o bear_v in_o my_o mind_n last_o because_o oftentimes_o those_o to_o speech_n vi_o figurative_a speech_n who_o we_o talk_v upon_o some_o matter_n may_v be_v so_o dispose_v that_o from_o a_o downright_a and_o plain_a discourse_n they_o will_v perceive_v the_o true_a state_n of_o the_o case_n which_o ought_v rather_o to_o be_v conceal_v because_o a_o full_a knowledge_n will_v not_o procure_v the_o good_a end_n we_o drive_v at_o but_o be_v a_o detriment_n to_o they_o we_o may_v in_o such_o case_n use_v a_o figurative_a or_o shadow_a way_n of_o speech_n which_o shall_v not_o direct_o represent_v our_o mean_v and_o plain_a sense_n to_o the_o hearer_n for_o he_o who_o will_v and_o ought_v to_o benefit_v another_o can_v be_v bind_v to_o attempt_v it_o after_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o shall_v incapacitate_v he_o from_o obtain_v his_o end_n from_z what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v be_v gather_v verity_n vii_o verity_n wherein_o that_o verity_n consist_v for_o their_o regard_n to_o which_o good_a man_n be_v so_o much_o celebrate_v to_o wit_n that_o our_o word_n do_v fit_o represent_v our_o mean_v to_o any_o other_o person_n who_o ought_v to_o understand_v they_o and_o which_o it_o be_v our_o duty_n to_o express_v plain_o to_o he_o either_o by_o a_o perfect_a or_o imperfect_a obligation_n and_o this_o to_o the_o end_n either_o that_o he_o upon_o know_v our_o mind_n may_v make_v to_o himself_o some_o benefit_n thereby_o or_o that_o he_o may_v avoid_v some_o undeserved_a evil_n which_o he_o will_v incur_v upon_o a_o wrong_a understanding_n of_o the_o case_n hence_o by_o the_o by_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v account_v lie_v when_o even_o for_o the_o nonce_n a_o tale_n be_v tell_v concern_v any_o thing_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o do_v not_o exact_o quadrate_n with_o the_o thing_n itself_o nor_o with_o our_o own_o opinion_n of_o it_o and_o consequent_o that_o the_o congruity_n of_o word_n with_o thing_n which_o constitute_v the_o logical_a verity_n be_v not_o in_o all_o point_v the_o same_o with_o moral_a truth_n on_o the_o contrary_a that_o be_v right_o call_v a_o lie_n when_o our_o word_n bear_v a_o different_a lye_n viii_o a_o lye_n signification_n from_o that_o which_o we_o think_v in_o our_o mind_n whereas_o the_o person_n to_o who_o we_o direct_v our_o discourse_n have_v a_o right_a to_o understand_v the_o thing_n as_o it_o real_o be_v and_o we_o be_v under_o a_o obligation_n of_o make_v our_o mean_v plain_a to_o he_o from_z what_o be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o untruth_n ix_o untruth_n those_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n chargeable_a with_o lie_v who_o entertain_v child_n or_o the_o like_a with_o fable_n and_o fictitious_a discourse_n for_o their_o better_a information_n they_o be_v suppose_v uncapable_a of_o the_o naked_a truth_n as_o neither_o be_v those_o who_o make_v use_v of_o a_o feign_a story_n to_o some_o good_a end_n which_o can_v not_o be_v attain_v by_o speak_v the_o plain_a truth_n suppose_v to_o protect_v a_o innocent_a to_o appease_v a_o angry_a man_n to_o comfort_v one_o who_o be_v in_o sorrow_n to_o encourage_v the_o fearful_a to_o persuade_v a_o nauseat_a patient_n to_o take_v his_o
be_v restrain_v inasmuch_o as_o such_o absurdity_n will_v thence_o otherwise_o arise_v 2._o from_o want_n of_o that_o reason_n which_o may_v chief_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v of_o that_o mind_n hence_o in_o a_o general_n expression_n those_o case_n be_v not_o comprehend_v which_o do_v no_o way_n agree_v with_o the_o sole_a and_o adequate_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n 3._o from_o defect_n of_o matter_n which_o always_o he_o that_o speak_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v consider_v and_o therefore_o all_o those_o general_a word_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v with_o relation_n to_o the_o same_o now_o that_o a_o emergent_a state_n of_o thing_n case_n xii_o emergent_a case_n be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o person_n who_o make_v the_o constitution_n may_v be_v discover_v either_o from_o natural_a reason_n or_o else_o from_o some_o declare_a mark_n and_o signification_n of_o his_o mean_v the_o first_o happen_v when_o we_o must_v exclude_v equity_n if_o some_o certain_a case_n be_v not_o exempt_v from_o the_o universal_a law_n for_o equity_n be_v the_o correct_v of_o what_o be_v defective_a in_o the_o law_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o universality_n and_o because_o all_o case_n can_v neither_o be_v foresee_v nor_o set_v down_o because_o of_o the_o infinite_a variety_n of_o they_o therefore_o when_o general_a word_n be_v apply_v to_o special_a case_n those_o case_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o exempt_a which_o the_o lawgiver_n himself_o will_v likewise_o have_v exempt_v if_o he_o have_v be_v consult_v upon_o such_o a_o case_n but_o we_o must_v not_o have_v recourse_n to_o equity_n unless_o there_o be_v very_o sufficient_a ground_n for_o it_o the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v if_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n will_v be_v violate_v if_o we_o follow_v too_o close_o the_o letter_n of_o that_o law_n the_o next_o ground_n of_o exception_n be_v that_o though_o it_o be_v not_o indeed_o unlawful_a to_o keep_v to_o the_o very_a word_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o if_o upon_o a_o impartial_a consideration_n the_o thing_n shall_v seem_v too_o grievous_a and_o burdensome_a either_o to_o man_n in_o general_n or_o to_o some_o certain_a person_n or_o else_o if_o the_o design_n be_v not_o of_o that_o value_n as_o to_o be_v purchase_v at_o so_o dear_a a_o rate_n last_o a_o exception_n be_v to_o be_v make_v time_n xiii_o exception_n with_o regard_n to_o time_n from_o a_o general_n expression_n if_o word_n put_v in_o another_o place_n be_v not_o indeed_o direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o present_a law_n oâ—_n agreement_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o some_o circumstance_n in_o time_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la can_v be_v observe_v all_o at_o once_o here_o therefore_o some_o certain_a rule_n be_v to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o order_n to_o understand_v what_o law_n in_o that_o case_n when_o both_o can_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v 1._o that_o which_o be_v only_o permit_v be_v to_o give_v place_n to_o what_o be_v enjoin_v 2._o what_o must_v be_v do_v at_o some_o certain_a time_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o that_o which_o may_v be_v do_v at_o any_o time_n 3._o a_o affirmative_a precept_n give_v place_n to_o the_o negative_a or_o when_o the_o affirmative_a precept_n can_v be_v observe_v without_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o negative_a the_o performance_n of_o the_o former_a be_v to_o be_v omit_v for_o the_o present_a 4._o among_o agreement_n and_o law_n which_o be_v otherwise_o of_o equal_a authority_n a_o particular_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o general_n one_o 5._o of_o two_o covenant_n make_v together_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n whereof_o the_o one_o be_v found_v upon_o more_o honourable_a and_o beneficial_a reason_n than_o the_o other_o it_o be_v but_o equal_a that_o the_o former_a shall_v take_v place_n of_o the_o latter_a 6._o a_o covenant_n or_o contract_n that_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o oath_n take_v place_n of_o one_o which_o be_v not_o so_o when_o both_o can_v be_v observe_v at_o the_o same_o time_n 7._o a_o imperfect_a obligation_n give_v place_n to_o that_o which_o be_v perfect_a 8._o the_o duty_n of_o beneficence_n all_o circumstance_n right_o compare_v give_v place_n to_o the_o duty_n of_o gratitude_n the_o whole_a duty_n of_o man_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n book_n ii_o chap._n i._o of_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o men._n in_o the_o next_o place_n we_o be_v to_o inquire_v man._n i._o condition_n of_o man._n concern_v those_o duty_n which_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o a_o man_n with_o regard_n to_o that_o particular_a state_n wherein_o he_o find_v himself_o ordain_v by_o providence_n to_o live_v in_o the_o world_n what_o we_o mean_v by_o such_o state_n be_v in_o general_a that_o condition_n or_o degree_n with_o all_o its_o relative_n in_o which_o man_n be_v place_v they_o be_v therefore_o suppose_v to_o be_v oblige_v to_o those_o or_o these_o performance_n and_o such_o state_n whatever_o it_o be_v have_v some_o peculiar_a right_n and_o office_n thereunto_o belong_v the_o state_n of_o man_n then_o may_v be_v distinguish_v adventitious_a ii_o twofold_n natural_a and_o adventitious_a into_o either_o natural_a or_o adventitious_a the_o natural_a state_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o light_n of_o natural_a reason_n alone_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o threefold_a either_o as_o it_o regard_v god_n our_o creator_n or_o as_o it_o concern_v every_o single_a man_n as_o to_o himself_o or_o as_o it_o affect_v other_o man_n concern_v all_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v before_o the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n consider_v first_o iii_o natural_a state_n threefold_a first_o in_o the_o first_o mention_v way_n be_v that_o condition_n wherein_o he_o be_v place_v by_o the_o creator_n pursuant_n to_o his_o divine_a will_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v the_o most_o excellent_a animal_n in_o the_o whole_a creation_n from_o the_o consideration_n of_o which_o state_n it_o follow_v that_o man_n ought_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o author_n of_o his_o be_v to_o pay_v he_o adoration_n and_o to_o admire_v the_o work_n of_o his_o hand_n and_o moreover_o to_o lead_v his_o life_n after_o a_o different_a manner_n from_o that_o of_o the_o brute_n so_o that_o the_o contrary_a to_o this_o state_n be_v the_o life_n and_o condition_n of_o brute_n in_o the_o second_o way_n we_o may_v contemplate_v second_n iv_o second_n the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n by_o serious_o form_v in_o our_o mind_n a_o idea_n of_o what_o his_o condition_n will_v be_v if_o every_o one_o be_v leave_v alone_o to_o himself_o without_o any_o help_n from_o other_o man_n especial_o consider_v the_o present_a circumstance_n under_o which_o we_o at_o this_o time_n find_v humane_a nature_n which_o will_v certain_o be_v much_o more_o miserable_a than_o that_o of_o a_o beast_n if_o we_o think_v with_o ourselves_o with_o what_o weakness_n man_n enter_v this_o world_n so_o that_o he_o must_v immediate_o perish_v except_o he_o be_v sustain_v by_o other_o and_o how_o rude_a a_o life_n he_o must_v lead_v if_o he_o can_v procure_v nothing_o for_o himself_o but_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n and_o skill_n but_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o we_o owe_v it_o all_o to_o the_o aid_n of_o other_o person_n that_o we_o be_v able_a to_o pass_v through_o so_o many_o infirmity_n from_o our_o infancy_n to_o manhood_n that_o we_o enjoy_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o convenience_n that_o we_o can_v improve_v our_o mind_n and_o body_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o to_o be_v useful_a to_o ourselves_o and_o our_o neighbour_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n the_o natural_a state_n be_v oppose_v to_o a_o life_n not_o cultivate_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o man_n after_o the_o three_o way_n we_o be_v to_o regard_v third_z v._o third_z the_o natural_a state_n of_o man_n according_a as_o man_n be_v understand_v to_o stand_v in_o respect_n to_o one_o another_o mere_o from_o that_o common_a alliance_n which_o result_v from_o the_o likeness_n of_o their_o nature_n before_o any_o mutual_a agreement_n make_v or_o other_o deed_n of_o man_n perform_v by_o which_o one_o can_v become_v obnoxious_a to_o the_o power_n of_o another_o in_o which_o sense_n those_o be_v say_v to_o live_v reciprocal_o in_o a_o state_n of_o nature_n who_o acknowledge_v no_o common_a superior_n and_o of_o who_o none_o can_v pretend_v dominion_n over_o his_o fellow_n and_o who_o do_v not_o render_v themselves_o know_v to_o each_o other_o either_o by_o the_o do_n or_o good_a turn_n or_o injury_n and_o this_o state_n in_o this_o sense_n distinguish_v itself_o from_o the_o condition_n of_o man_n in_o a_o community_n moreover_o the_o property_n of_o this_o way_n vi_o consider_v again_o two_o way_n natural_a state_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o as_o it_o be_v represent_v to_o we_o notional_o and_o by_o way_n of_o fiction_n or_o as_o it_o
another_o the_o paternal_a authority_n indeed_o cease_v but_o piety_n and_o observance_n be_v for_o ever_o due_a as_o be_v found_v in_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o parent_n who_o child_n can_v never_o or_o very_a seldom_o be_v suppose_v to_o requite_v now_o these_o merit_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o this_o only_a that_o a_o parent_n be_v to_o his_o child_n the_o author_n of_o life_n without_o which_o no_o good_a can_v be_v enjoy_v but_o that_o they_o bestow_v also_o a_o chargeable_a and_o painful_a education_n upon_o they_o that_o so_o they_o may_v become_v useful_a part_n of_o humane_a society_n and_o very_o often_o lay_v up_o somewhat_o for_o they_o in_o order_n to_o make_v their_o life_n more_o easy_a and_o comfortable_a and_o yet_o though_o the_o education_n of_o child_n be_v a_o duty_n lay_v upon_o parent_n by_o entrust_v ix_o education_n entrust_v nature_n itself_o it_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o either_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n or_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o child_n the_o care_n thereof_o may_v by_o they_o be_v entrust_v with_o another_o so_o still_o that_o the_o parent_n reserve_v to_o himself_o the_o oversight_n of_o the_o person_n depute_v hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o father_n may_v not_o only_o commit_v his_o son_n to_o the_o tutorage_n of_o proper_a teacher_n but_o he_o may_v give_v he_o to_o another_o man_n to_o adopt_v he_o if_o he_o perceive_v it_o will_v be_v advantageous_a to_o he_o and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o maintain_v he_o rather_o than_o he_o shall_v die_v for_o want_n he_o may_v pawn_v he_o or_o sell_v he_o into_o some_o tolerable_a servitude_n reserve_v still_o a_o liberty_n of_o redeem_v he_o as_o soon_o as_o either_o himself_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n or_o any_o of_o his_o kindred_n shall_v â—e_v willing_a to_o do_v it_o but_o if_o any_o parent_n shall_v inhumane_o expose_v and_o forsake_v their_o child_n he_o who_o shall_v take_v it_o up_o and_o educate_v it_o shall_v have_v the_o fatherly_a authority_n over_o it_o so_o that_o the_o foster-child_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o pay_v filial_a obedience_n to_o his_o educator_n and_o as_o the_o father_n ought_v not_o to_o turn_v consent_n x._o marriage_n with_o parent_n consent_n his_o child_n out_o of_o his_o family_n while_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o education_n and_o assistance_n from_o he_o without_o the_o most_o weighty_a reason_n so_o also_o ought_v not_o the_o son_n or_o daughter_n leave_v the_o parent_n house_n without_o his_o consent_n now_o whereas_o child_n frequent_o leave_v their_o father_n family_n on_o occasion_n of_o matrimony_n and_o since_o it_o much_o concern_v parent_n what_o person_n their_o child_n be_v marry_v to_o and_o from_o who_o they_o be_v to_o expect_v grandchild_n hence_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o filial_a duty_n herein_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o will_n of_o the_o parent_n and_o not_o to_o marry_v without_o their_o consent_n but_o if_o any_o do_v actual_o contract_v matrimony_n against_o their_o like_n and_o consummate_v the_o same_o such_o marriage_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v void_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n especial_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o be_v no_o long_o burdensome_a to_o their_o parent_n and_o that_o for_o the_o rest_n their_o condition_n be_v not_o scandalous_a so_o that_o if_o in_o any_o country_n such_o marriage_n be_v account_v null_n and_o void_a it_o proceed_v from_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o place_n the_o duty_n of_o parent_n consist_v chief_o parent_n xi_o duty_n of_o parent_n in_o this_o that_o they_o maintain_v their_o child_n handsome_o and_o that_o they_o so_o form_v their_o body_n and_o mind_n by_o a_o skilful_a and_o wise_a education_n as_o that_o they_o may_v become_v fit_a and_o useful_a member_n of_o humane_a and_o civil_a society_n man_n of_o probity_n wisdom_n and_o good_a temper_n so_o that_o they_o may_v apply_v themselves_o to_o some_o fit_a and_o honest_a way_n of_o live_v by_o which_o they_o may_v as_o their_o genius_n and_o opportunity_n shall_v offer_v raise_v and_o increase_v their_o fortune_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o child_n xii_o duty_n of_o child_n child_n to_o honour_v their_o parent_n that_o be_v to_o give_v they_o reverence_n not_o only_o in_o outward_a show_n but_o much_o more_o with_o a_o hearty_a respect_n as_o the_o author_n not_o only_o of_o their_o life_n but_o of_o so_o many_o other_o unvaluable_a benefit_n to_o they_o to_o obey_v they_o to_o be_v assistant_n to_o they_o to_o their_o utmost_a especial_o if_o they_o be_v age_v or_o in_o want_n not_o to_o undertake_v any_o business_n of_o moment_n without_o defer_v to_o their_o advice_n and_o opinion_n and_o last_o to_o bear_v with_o patience_n their_o moroseness_n and_o any_o other_o their_o infirmity_n if_o any_o such_o be_v chap._n iu._n the_o duty_n of_o master_n and_o servant_n after_o mankind_n come_v to_o be_v multiply_v begin_v i._o servile_a state_n how_o begin_v and_o it_o be_v find_v how_o convenient_o domestic_a affair_n may_v be_v manage_v by_o the_o service_n of_o other_o man_n it_o early_o become_v a_o practice_n to_o take_v servant_n into_o a_o family_n to_o do_v the_o office_n belong_v to_o the_o house_n there_o at_o first_o probable_o offer_v themselves_o drive_v thereto_o by_o necessity_n or_o a_o consciousness_n of_o their_o own_o want_n of_o understanding_n and_o then_o be_v assure_v that_o they_o shall_v constant_o be_v supply_v with_o food_n and_o necessary_n they_o devote_v all_o their_o service_n for_o ever_o to_o their_o master_n and_o then_o war_n rage_v up_o and_o down_o the_o world_n it_o grow_v a_o custom_n with_o most_o nation_n that_o those_o captive_n to_o who_o they_o grant_v their_o life_n shall_v be_v make_v slave_n ever_o after_o together_o with_o the_o posterity_n bear_v of_o they_o though_o in_o many_o country_n no_o such_o servitude_n be_v in_o use_n but_o all_o domestic_a office_n be_v perform_v by_o mercenary_a servant_n hire_v for_o a_o certain_a time_n now_o as_o there_o be_v several_a degree_n as_o servant_n ii_o a_o temporary_a servant_n it_o be_v of_o servitude_n so_o the_o power_n of_o the_o master_n and_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o servant_n do_v vary_v to_o a_o servant_n hire_v for_o a_o time_n the_o duty_n of_o the_o master_n be_v to_o pay_v he_o his_o wage_n the_o other_o make_v good_a on_o his_o part_n the_o work_n as_o agree_v for_o and_o because_o in_o this_o contract_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o master_n be_v the_o better_a therefore_o such_o servant_n be_v also_o to_o pay_v respect_n to_o his_o master_n according_a to_o his_o dignity_n and_o if_o he_o have_v do_v his_o business_n knavish_o or_o negligent_o he_o be_v liable_a to_o punishment_n from_o he_o provide_v it_o go_v not_o so_o far_o as_o any_o grievous_a maim_v of_o his_o body_n much_o less_o so_o far_o as_o infliction_n of_o death_n but_o to_o such_o a_o servant_n as_o voluntary_o servant_n iii_o a_o voluntary_a perpetual_a servant_n offer_v himself_o to_o a_o perpetual_a servitude_n the_o master_n be_v oblige_v to_o allow_v perpetual_a maintenance_n and_o all_o necessary_n for_o this_o life_n it_o be_v his_o duty_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n to_o give_v his_o constant_a labour_n in_o all_o service_n whereto_o his_o master_n shall_v command_v he_o and_o whatsoever_o he_o shall_v gain_v thereby_o he_o be_v to_o deliver_v to_o he_o in_o thus_o do_v however_o the_o master_n be_v to_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o strength_n and_o dexterity_n of_o his_o servant_n not_o exact_v rigorous_o of_o he_o what_o be_v above_o his_o power_n to_o do_v now_o this_o sort_n of_o servant_n be_v not_o only_o subject_a to_o the_o chastisement_n of_o his_o master_n for_o his_o negligence_n but_o the_o same_o may_v correct_v his_o manner_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v accommodate_v to_o preserve_v order_n and_o decency_n in_o the_o family_n but_o he_o may_v not_o fell_v he_o against_o his_o will_n because_o he_o choose_v this_o for_o his_o master_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n and_o not_o another_o and_o it_o concern_v he_o much_o with_o who_o he_o serve_v if_o he_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n against_o one_o not_o of_o the_o same_o family_n he_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o civil_a power_n if_o he_o live_v in_o a_o community_n but_o if_o the_o family_n be_v independent_a he_o may_v be_v expel_v but_o if_o the_o crime_n be_v against_o the_o same_o family_n it_o be_v independent_a the_o head_n thereof_o may_v inflict_v even_o capital_a punishment_n captive_n in_o war_n be_v make_v slave_n iu._n captive_a slave_n slave_n be_v frequent_o treat_v with_o great_a severity_n something_o of_o a_o hostile_a rage_n remain_v towards_o they_o and_o for_o that_o they_o attempt_v the_o worst_a upon_o we_o and_o our_o fortune_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o there_o intervene_v a_o mutual_a
to_o authenticate_v the_o say_a law_n with_o the_o force_n and_o efficacy_n of_o a_o civil_a law_n for_o since_o indeed_o the_o wickedness_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n be_v arrive_v to_o a_o degree_n which_o neither_o the_o apparent_a excellency_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n nor_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n himself_o be_v sufficient_a to_o restrain_v the_o most_o effectual_a method_n remain_v to_o preserve_v the_o happiness_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n be_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o government_n to_o enforce_v the_o natural_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o supply_v the_o disability_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o power_n of_o the_o other_o now_o the_o force_n and_o power_n which_o be_v in_o sanction_n iv_o the_o penal_a sanction_n civil_a law_n consist_v in_o this_o that_o to_o the_o assertory_n part_n of_o the_o statute_n concern_v thing_n to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v there_o be_v annex_v a_o penal_a sanction_n rehearse_v the_o punishment_n that_o be_v appoint_v to_o attend_v a_o man_n in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o omit_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o do_v or_o do_v what_o he_o ought_v to_o omit_v of_o which_o kind_n of_o sanction_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v of_o themselves_o destitute_a the_o break_n of_o they_o do_v not_o fall_v under_o the_o punishment_n of_o any_o court_n in_o this_o world_n but_o yet_o be_v reserve_v for_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o tribunal_n of_o god_n more_o particular_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a action_n v._o of_o action_n with_o the_o nature_n of_o live_v in_o a_o community_n for_o every_o one_o what_o he_o account_v to_o be_v his_o due_a to_o exact_v it_o of_o his_o own_o proper_a violence_n so_o that_o here_o the_o civil_a law_n come_v in_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o natural_a for_o they_o allow_v the_o creditor_n the_o benefit_n of_o a_o action_n whereby_o the_o debt_n that_o be_v owe_v to_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n with_o the_o help_n of_o the_o magistrate_n may_v be_v demand_v and_o recover_v in_o a_o court_n of_o justice_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n whereas_o without_o such_o enforcement_n of_o the_o say_a law_n you_o can_v extort_v nothing_o from_o a_o debtor_n against_o his_o will_n but_o must_v entire_o depend_v upon_o his_o conscience_n and_o honour_n the_o civil_a law_n admit_v of_o action_n chief_o in_o the_o case_n of_o those_o obligation_n that_o be_v contract_v betwixt_o party_n by_o a_o express_a bond_n or_o covenant_n for_o as_o to_o other_o affair_n where_o the_o obligation_n arise_v from_o some_o indefinite_a duty_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o civil_a law_n make_v they_o not_o subject_a to_o a_o action_n at_o all_o on_o purpose_n to_o give_v occasion_n to_o good_a man_n to_o exercise_v their_o virtue_n to_o their_o more_o extraordinary_a praise_n when_o it_o be_v evident_a they_o do_v that_o which_o be_v just_a and_o honest_a without_o compulsion_n beside_o that_o freqent_o the_o point_n in_o question_n may_v not_o be_v of_o consequence_n enough_o to_o trouble_v a_o court_n about_o it_o and_o whereas_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n command_v they_o vi_o the_o prosecution_n of_o they_o many_o thing_n at_o large_a in_o a_o indefinite_a manner_n and_o leave_v the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o breast_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v careful_a of_o the_o honour_n and_o tranquillity_n of_o the_o community_n prescribe_v a_o certain_a time_n manner_n place_n person_n and_o other_o circumstance_n for_o the_o due_a prosecution_n of_o those_o action_n with_o the_o proposal_n of_o a_o reward_n upon_o occasion_n to_o encourage_v people_n to_o enter_v upon_o they_o and_o when_o any_o thing_n be_v obscure_a in_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o civil_a law_n explain_v it_o which_o explication_n the_o subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o receive_v and_o follow_v although_o their_o own_o private_a opinion_n do_v otherwise_o lead_v they_o to_o a_o contrary_a sense_n so_o that_o there_o be_v thus_o a_o number_n of_o form_n vii_o form_n action_n leave_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o be_v consider_v according_a to_o the_o will_n and_o judgement_n of_o each_o person_n which_o nevertheless_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n ought_v to_o be_v regular_o state_v for_o the_o great_a decency_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o same_o it_o use_v to_o be_v the_o care_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o reduce_v all_o those_o action_n with_o their_o respective_a concern_v to_o a_o proper_a form_n as_o we_o see_v it_o be_v in_o will_n contract_n and_o divers_a other_o case_n from_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o they_o limit_v we_o as_o they_o do_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o several_a right_n to_o the_o use_n whereof_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n leave_v we_o much_o at_o liberty_n for_o so_o far_o as_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o law_n viii_o the_o obedience_n due_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n open_o contradict_v the_o law_n of_o god_n the_o subject_n stand_v oblige_v to_o obey_v they_o not_o mere_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o punishment_n but_o by_o a_o internal_a obligation_n confirm_v by_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n itself_o this_o be_v one_o of_o they_o among_o other_o that_o subject_n ought_v to_o obey_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n nay_o it_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o obey_v even_o sovereign_n ix_o and_o to_o the_o particular_a command_n of_o the_o sovereign_n the_o personal_a command_n of_o their_o sovereign_n no_o less_o than_o they_o do_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n only_o here_o they_o must_v observe_v whether_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o they_o as_o in_o their_o own_o name_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o a_o action_n belong_v proper_o to_o subject_n to_o do_v or_o whether_o it_o be_v bare_o to_o undertake_v the_o execution_n of_o a_o affair_n for_o the_o sovereign_n in_o consequence_n of_o that_o authority_n which_o he_o have_v to_o command_v it_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n the_o necessity_n that_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o subject_a excuse_n he_o from_o sin_n though_o the_o fact_n itself_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o the_o sovereign_a to_o command_v but_o in_o the_o other_o for_o a_o subject_a as_o in_o his_o own_o name_n to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n it_o can_v never_o be_v lawful_a and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o if_o a_o subject_a take_v up_o arm_n in_o a_o unjust_a war_n at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o sovereign_n he_o sin_v not_o yet_o if_o he_o condemn_v the_o innocent_a or_o accuse_v and_o witness_n against_o they_o false_o upon_o the_o like_a command_n he_o sin_n for_o as_o he_o serve_v in_o war_n he_o serve_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o public_a but_o act_v as_o a_o judge_n witness_v or_o accuser_n he_o do_v it_o in_o his_o own_o chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n the_o civil_a government_n that_o be_v supreme_a twofold_n i._o twofold_n in_o every_o state_n have_v a_o right_a over_o the_o live_v of_o its_o subject_n either_o indirect_o when_o it_o expose_v their_o life_n in_o defence_n of_o the_o public_a or_o direct_o in_o the_o punishment_n of_o crime_n for_o when_o the_o force_n of_o foreiner_n in_o a_o indirect_o ii_o indirect_o invasion_n which_o often_o happen_v be_v to_o be_v repel_v by_o force_n or_o that_o we_o can_v without_o the_o use_n of_o violence_n obtain_v our_o right_n of_o they_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o the_o government_n by_o its_o supreme_a authority_n to_o compel_v the_o subject_n to_o enter_v into_o its_o service_n not_o thereby_o purposely_o intend_v their_o death_n only_o their_o life_n be_v expose_v unto_o some_o danger_n of_o it_o on_o which_o occasion_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o behave_v themselves_o with_o skill_n and_o bravery_n it_o be_v fit_a they_o shall_v be_v exercise_v and_o prepare_v for_o the_o purpose_n now_o the_o fear_n of_o danger_n ought_v not_o to_o prevail_v with_o any_o subject_a to_o render_v himself_o uncapable_a of_o undergo_a the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n much_o less_o ought_v it_o to_o tempt_v a_o man_n that_o be_v actual_o in_o arm_n to_o desert_n the_o station_n appoint_v he_o who_o ought_v to_o fight_v it_o out_o to_o the_o last_o drop_n of_o his_o blood_n unless_o he_o know_v it_o to_o be_v the_o will_n of_o his_o commander_n that_o he_o shall_v rather_o preserve_v his_o life_n than_o his_o post_n or_o if_o he_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o maintain_n of_o such_o post_n be_v not_o of_o so_o great_a importance_n as_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o live_v engage_v therein_o the_o government_n claim_v a_o power_n direct_o iii_o direct_o to_o take_v away_o the_o life_n of_o subject_n direct_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o any_o heinous_a crime_n commit_v by_o they_o whereon_o it_o pass_v judgement_n
administrator_n only_o and_o stand_v oblige_v to_o apply_v all_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o be_v design_v by_o they_o and_o neither_o of_o the_o two_o patrimony_n can_v be_v alienate_v by_o the_o prince_n without_o the_o people_n consent_n much_o less_o can_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n that_o alienable_a vi_o neither_o royal_a power_n nor_o allegiance_n alienable_a be_v not_o hold_v patrimonial_o or_o any_o part_n of_o it_o be_v alienate_v without_o their_o consent_n to_o it_o and_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n particular_o the_o consent_n of_o that_o part_n that_o be_v to_o be_v alienate_v as_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n no_o subject_n against_o the_o will_n of_o his_o community_n can_v possible_o disengage_v himself_o from_o the_o bond_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n to_o it_o unless_o the_o force_n of_o foreign_a enemy_n reduce_v he_o to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o be_v safe_a chap._n xvi_o of_o war_n and_o peace_n although_o nothing_o be_v more_o agreeable_a sometime_o i._o necessity_n of_o war_n sometime_o to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n than_o the_o mutual_a peace_n of_o man_n with_o one_o another_o preserve_v by_o the_o voluntary_a application_n of_o each_o person_n to_o his_o duty_n live_v together_o in_o a_o state_n of_o peace_n be_v a_o peculiar_a distinction_n of_o man_n from_o brute_n yet_o it_o be_v sometime_o both_o lawful_a and_o necessary_a to_o go_v to_o war_n when_o by_o mean_n of_o another_o injustice_n we_o can_v without_o the_o use_n of_o force_n preserve_v what_o be_v our_o own_o nor_o enjoy_v those_o right_n which_o be_v proper_o we_o but_o here_o common_a prudence_n and_o humaty_n do_v admonish_v we_o to_o forbear_v our_o arm_n there_o where_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o injury_n we_o resent_v be_v likely_a to_o return_v more_o hurt_n upon_o we_o and_o we_o than_o it_o can_v do_v good_a the_o just_a cause_n upon_o which_o a_o war_n may_v war._n ii_o just_a cause_n of_o war._n be_v undertake_v come_v all_o to_o these_o the_o preservation_n of_o ourselves_o and_o what_o we_o have_v against_o a_o unjust_a invasion_n and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v defensive_a the_o maintenance_n and_o recovery_n of_o our_o right_n from_o those_o that_o refuse_v to_o pay_v they_o the_o reparation_n of_o injury_n do_v to_o we_o and_o caution_n against_o they_o for_o the_o future_a and_o this_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v call_v offensive_a not_o that_o upon_o a_o prince_n take_v himself_o composition_n iii_o amicable_a composition_n to_o be_v injure_v he_o be_v present_o to_o fly_v to_o arm_n especial_o if_o any_o thing_n about_o the_o right_n or_o fact_n in_o controversy_n remain_v yet_o under_o dispute_n but_o first_o let_v he_o try_v to_o compose_v the_o matter_n in_o a_o amicable_a way_n by_o treaty_n by_o appeal_n to_o arbitrator_n or_o by_o submit_v the_o matter_n in_o question_n to_o the_o decision_n of_o a_o lot_n and_o those_o method_n be_v the_o rather_o to_o be_v choose_v by_o that_o party_n who_o claim_v from_o another_o because_o possession_n with_o any_o show_n of_o right_n be_v wont_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o most_o favourable_a construction_n the_o unjust_a cause_n of_o war_n be_v either_o war._n iu._n unjust_a cause_n of_o war._n those_o which_o open_o to_o all_o the_o world_n be_v such_o as_o ambition_n and_o covetousness_n and_o what_o may_v be_v reduce_v thereto_o or_o those_o that_o admit_v of_o a_o faint_a and_o imperfect_a colour_n to_o be_v pretend_v in_o their_o excuse_n of_o this_o kind_n there_o be_v variety_n as_o the_o fear_n of_o a_o neighbour_n grow_a wealth_n and_o power_n conveniency_n of_o a_o possession_n to_o which_o yet_o no_o right_n can_v be_v make_v out_o desire_v of_o a_o better_a habitation_n the_o denial_n of_o common_a favour_n the_o folly_n of_o the_o possessor_n the_o desire_n of_o extinguish_v another_o title_n lawful_o acquire_v because_o it_o may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o we_o etc._n etc._n and_o though_o the_o most_o proper_a way_n of_o war._n v._o of_o deceit_n in_o war._n act_v in_o war_n be_v by_o that_o of_o force_n and_o terror_n yet_o it_o be_v altogether_o as_o lawful_a to_o attack_v a_o enemy_n by_o stratagem_n and_o wiles_n provide_v that_o the_o faith_n and_o trust_v which_o you_o give_v he_o be_v inviolable_o observe_v it_o be_v lawful_a to_o deceive_v he_o by_o story_n and_o feign_a narration_n not_o by_o promise_n and_o covenant_n but_o concern_v the_o violence_n which_o violence_n vi_o violence_n may_v be_v use_v against_o he_o and_o what_o belong_v to_o he_o we_o must_v distinguish_v betwixt_o what_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o he_o to_o suffer_v without_o injustice_n and_o what_o we_o may_v easy_o inflict_v without_o the_o breach_n of_o humanity_n whoever_o declare_v himself_o my_o enemy_n as_o he_o make_v profession_n by_o that_o very_a act_n of_o enterprize_v upon_o i_o the_o great_a mischief_n in_o the_o world_n so_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o full_o indulge_v i_o the_o leave_n to_o employ_v the_o utmost_a of_o my_o power_n without_o mercy_n against_o himself_o yet_o humanity_n command_v i_o as_o far_o as_o the_o fury_n of_o war_n will_v permit_v that_o i_o do_v my_o enemy_n no_o more_o harm_n than_o the_o defence_n or_o vindication_n of_o my_o right_n require_v with_o care_n to_o my_o security_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v we_o common_o divide_v war_n into_o solemn_a war_n vii_o solemn_z and_o unsolemn_a war_n and_o vnsolemn_a to_o a_o solemn_a war_n it_o be_v require_v that_o it_o be_v make_v on_o both_o side_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o sovereign_a governor_n and_o precede_v by_o a_o public_a declaration_n the_o other_o either_o be_v not_o public_o denounce_v or_o perhaps_o be_v begin_v among_o private_a person_n to_o which_o latter_a head_n belong_v also_o civil_a war_n as_o the_o power_n of_o make_v war_n in_o all_o war._n viii_o power_n of_o make_v war._n nation_n lie_v in_o the_o same_o hand_n that_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o government_n so_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n above_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o subordinate_a magistrate_n to_o engage_v in_o without_o a_o delegation_n from_o thence_o though_o he_o can_v suppose_v with_o reason_n that_o be_v they_o consult_v upon_o the_o matter_n they_o will_v be_v please_v with_o it_o indeed_o all_o military_a governor_n of_o fortify_v place_n and_o province_n have_v force_n under_o they_o to_o command_v upon_o the_o defence_n thereof_o may_v understand_v it_o to_o be_v enjoin_v they_o by_o the_o very_a design_n of_o their_o employment_n to_o repel_v a_o invader_n from_o the_o part_n commit_v to_o their_o trust_n by_o all_o the_o way_n they_o can_v but_o they_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o a_o enemy_n country_n in_o a_o state_n of_o natural_a liberty_n a_o person_n refugee_n ix_o war_n occasion_v by_o protect_v of_o refugee_n be_v assault_v by_o force_n only_o for_o the_o injury_n that_o be_v do_v by_o himself_o but_o in_o a_o community_n a_o war_n often_o happen_v upon_o the_o governor_n or_o the_o whole_a body_n when_o neither_o of_o they_o have_v commit_v any_o thing_n to_o make_v this_o appear_v just_a it_o be_v necessary_a the_o act_n of_o a_o three_o party_n must_v by_o some_o way_n or_o other_o pass_v upon_o they_o now_o governor_n do_v partake_v of_o the_o offence_n not_o only_o of_o their_o proper_a subject_n but_o of_o other_o that_o occasional_o fly_v to_o they_o if_o either_o the_o offence_n be_v do_v by_o their_o permission_n or_o that_o they_o receive_v and_o protect_v the_o offender_n the_o sufferance_n of_o a_o offence_n become_v then_o unblamable_a when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o one_o know_v of_o the_o do_v it_o he_o have_v a_o power_n to_o hinder_v it_o thing_n open_o and_o frequent_o do_v by_o the_o subject_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v know_v to_o their_o governor_n in_o who_o it_o be_v always_o presume_v there_o be_v a_o power_n also_o to_o prohibit_v unless_o a_o manifest_a proof_n appear_v of_o its_o defect_n yet_o to_o make_v it_o a_o occasion_n of_o war_n to_o give_v admittance_n and_o protection_n to_o a_o criminal_a who_o fly_v to_o we_o for_o the_o sake_n only_o of_o escape_v his_o punishment_n be_v what_o must_v proceed_v rather_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o particular_a agreement_n betwixt_o ally_n and_o neighbour_n than_o from_o any_o common_a obligation_n unless_o the_o fugitive_n be_v in_o our_o dominion_n contrive_v hostility_n against_o the_o commonwealth_n he_o desert_n another_z receive_v custom_n betwixt_o reprisal_n x._o reprisal_n nation_n be_v when_o a_o debt_n be_v owe_v from_o one_o to_o another_o which_o sometime_o come_v to_o be_v occasion_v by_o not_o administer_a of_o justice_n right_o to_o arrest_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o private_a subject_n of_o the_o nation_n indebt_v and_o assign_v they_o to_o the_o use_n and_o satisfaction_n of_o those_o of_o
in_o this_o state_n it_o be_v apt_a to_o procure_v a_o abhorrence_n rather_o than_o a_o favourable_a interpretation_n of_o what_o be_v do_v by_o its_o impulse_n now_o of_o human_a action_n as_o those_o be_v involuntary_a xvi_o action_n involuntary_a call_v voluntary_a which_o proceed_v from_o and_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o will_n so_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v witting_o altogether_o against_o the_o will_n these_o be_v call_v involuntary_a take_v the_o word_n in_o the_o narrow_a sense_n for_o take_v it_o in_o the_o large_a it_o comprehend_v even_o those_o which_o be_v do_v through_o ignorance_n but_o involuntary_a in_o this_o place_n be_v to_o signify_v the_o same_o as_o force_v that_o be_v when_o by_o a_o external_a power_n which_o be_v strong_a a_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o use_v his_o member_n in_o any_o action_n to_o which_o he_o yet_o signify_v his_o dissent_n and_o aversion_n by_o sign_n and_o particular_o by_o counterstrive_v with_o his_o body_n less_o proper_o those_o action_n be_v also_o call_v involuntary_a which_o by_o the_o imposition_n of_o a_o great_a necessity_n be_v choose_v to_o be_v do_v as_o the_o lesser_a evil_n and_o for_o the_o act_v whereof_o the_o person_n have_v the_o great_a abomination_n have_v he_o not_o be_v set_v under_o such_o necessity_n these_o action_n therefore_o be_v call_v mix_v with_o voluntary_a action_n they_o have_v this_o in_o common_a that_o in_o the_o present_a state_n of_o thing_n the_o will_n choose_v they_o as_o the_o lesser_a evil._n with_o the_o involuntary_a they_o be_v after_o a_o sort_n the_o same_o as_o to_o the_o effect_n because_o they_o render_v the_o agent_n either_o not_o at_o all_o or_o not_o so_o heinous_o unblamable_a as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v do_v spontaneous_o those_o human_a action_n then_o which_o imputable_a xvii_o voluntary_a action_n imputable_a proceed_v from_o and_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o understanding_n and_o the_o will_n have_v particular_o this_o natural_a propriety_n that_o they_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o the_o doer_n that_o be_v that_o a_o man_n may_v just_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o author_n of_o they_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o render_v a_o account_n of_o such_o his_o do_v and_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o whether_o good_a or_o bad_a be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o true_a reason_n why_o any_o action_n shall_v be_v imputable_a to_o a_o man_n than_o that_o he_o do_v it_o either_o mediate_o or_o immediate_o know_o and_o willing_o or_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o have_v do_v the_o same_o or_o to_o have_v let_v it_o alone_o hence_o it_o obtain_v as_o the_o prime_a axiom_n in_o matter_n of_o morality_n which_o be_v liable_a to_o the_o human_a forum_n that_o every_o man_n be_v accountable_a for_o all_o such_o action_n the_o performance_n or_o omission_n of_o which_o be_v in_o his_o own_o choice_n or_o which_o be_v tantamount_n that_o every_o action_n capable_a of_o human_a direction_n be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o who_o may_v or_o may_v not_o have_v do_v it_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a no_o man_n can_v be_v repute_v the_o author_n of_o that_o action_n which_o neither_o in_o itself_o nor_o in_o its_o cause_n be_v in_o his_o power_n from_z these_o premise_n we_o shall_v deduce_v premise_n xviii_o conclusion_n from_o the_o premise_n some_o particular_a proposition_n by_o which_o shall_v be_v ascertain_v what_o every_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v accountable_a for_o or_o in_o other_o word_n which_o be_v those_o action_n and_o consequence_n of_o which_o any_o one_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v as_o author_n none_o of_o those_o action_n which_o be_v conclusion_n the_o first_o conclusion_n do_v by_o another_o man_n nor_o any_o operation_n of_o whatsoever_o other_o thing_n neither_o any_o accident_n can_v be_v imputable_a to_o another_o person_n but_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n or_o as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o guide_v such_o action_n for_o nothing_o be_v more_o common_a in_o the_o world_n than_o to_o subject_v the_o do_n of_o one_o man_n to_o the_o manage_n and_o direction_n of_o another_o here_o then_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v perpetrate_v by_o one_o which_o have_v not_o be_v do_v if_o the_o other_o have_v perform_v his_o duty_n and_o exert_v his_o power_n this_o action_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v chargeable_a upon_o he_o who_o immediate_o do_v the_o fact_n but_o upon_o the_o other_o also_o who_o neglect_v to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o authority_n and_o power_n and_o yet_o this_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v with_o some_o restriction_n so_o as_o that_o possibility_n may_v be_v take_v moral_o and_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n for_o no_o subjection_n can_v be_v so_o strict_a as_o to_o extinguish_v all_o manner_n of_o liberty_n in_o the_o person_n subject_v but_o so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o resist_v and_o act_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o his_o superior_a neither_o will_v the_o state_n of_o human_a nature_n bear_v that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v perpetual_o affix_v to_o the_o side_n of_o another_o so_o as_o to_o observe_v all_o his_o motion_n therefore_o when_o a_o superior_a have_v do_v every_o thing_n that_o be_v require_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o his_o director-ship_n and_o yet_o somewhat_o be_v act_v amiss_o this_o shall_v be_v lay_v only_o to_o the_o charge_n of_o he_o that_o do_v it_o thus_o whereas_o man_n exercise_v dominion_n over_o other_o animal_n what_o be_v do_v by_o they_o to_o the_o detriment_n of_o another_o shall_v be_v charge_v upon_o the_o owner_n as_o suppose_v he_o to_o have_v be_v want_v of_o due_a care_n and_o circumspection_n so_o also_o all_o those_o mischief_n which_o be_v bring_v upon_o another_o may_v be_v impute_v to_o that_o person_n who_o when_o he_o can_v and_o ought_v yet_o do_v not_o take_v out_o of_o the_o way_n the_o cause_n and_o occasion_n thereof_o according_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o man_n to_o promote_v or_o suspend_v the_o operation_n of_o many_o natural_a agent_n whatsoever_o advantage_n or_o damage_n be_v wrought_v by_o these_o they_o shall_v be_v accountable_a for_o by_o who_o application_n or_o neglect_v the_o same_o be_v occasion_v beside_o sometime_o there_o be_v extraordinary_a case_n when_o a_o man_n shall_v be_v charge_v with_o such_o event_n as_o be_v above_o human_a direction_n as_o when_o god_n shall_v do_v particular_a work_n with_o regard_n to_o some_o single_a person_n these_o and_o the_o like_a case_n be_v except_v for_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o suffice_v if_o a_o man_n can_v give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o own_o do_n whatsoever_o qualification_n a_o conclusion_n xix_o the_o second_o conclusion_n man_n have_v or_o have_v not_o which_o it_o be_v not_o in_o his_o power_n to_o exert_v or_o not_o to_o exert_v must_v not_o be_v impute_v to_o he_o unless_o so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v want_v in_o industry_n to_o supply_v such_o natural_a defect_n or_o do_v not_o rouse_v up_o his_o native_a faculty_n so_o because_o no_o man_n can_v give_v himself_o a_o acuteness_n of_o judgement_n and_o strength_n of_o body_n therefore_o no_o one_o be_v to_o be_v blame_v for_o want_v of_o either_o or_o commend_v for_o have_v they_o except_o so_o far_o as_o he_o improve_v or_o neglect_v the_o cultivate_a thereof_o thus_o clownishness_n be_v not_o unblamable_a in_o a_o rustic_a but_o in_o a_o courtier_n or_o citizen_n and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o reproach_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v extreme_o absurd_a which_o be_v ground_v upon_o quality_n the_o cause_n of_o which_o be_v not_o in_o our_o power_n as_o short_a stature_n a_o deform_a countenance_n and_o the_o like_a those_o thing_n which_o be_v do_v conclusion_n xx._n the_o three_o conclusion_n through_o invincible_a ignorance_n be_v not_o imputable_a because_o we_o can_v proper_o direct_v our_o action_n unless_o by_o the_o light_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o it_o be_v here_o suppose_v man_n be_v unable_a to_o procure_v such_o light_n neither_o be_v we_o to_o blame_v that_o we_o can_v now_o in_o the_o common_a affair_n of_o life_n the_o word_n possible_a be_v to_o be_v moral_o understand_v and_o by_o ability_n be_v mean_v that_o faculty_n diligence_n and_o circumspection_n which_o be_v common_o judge_v to_o suffice_v and_o which_o be_v well_o support_v with_o probable_a reason_n ignorance_n of_o or_o error_n concern_v the_o conclusion_n xxi_o the_o four_o conclusion_n law_n and_o that_o duty_n which_o be_v incumbent_n upon_o every_o man_n do_v not_o excuse_v from_o blame_n for_o whosoever_o impose_v law_n and_o service_n be_v wont_a and_o aught_o to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o subject_n have_v notice_n thereof_o and_o these_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o duty_n general_o be_v and_o shall_v be_v order_v to_o the_o capacity_n of_o such_o subject_a if_o they_o be_v such_o as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o know_v and_o remember_v
actual_o drive_v another_o way_n yet_o we_o find_v ourselves_o hereby_o strike_v as_o it_o be_v with_o a_o internal_a sense_n that_o if_o our_o action_n be_v not_o perform_v according_a to_o the_o prescript_n rule_v we_o can_v but_o confess_v we_o have_v not_o do_v right_o and_o if_o any_o mischief_n happen_v to_o we_o upon_o that_o account_n we_o may_v fair_o charge_v ourselves_o with_o the_o same_o because_o it_o may_v have_v be_v avoid_v if_o the_o rule_n have_v be_v follow_v as_o it_o ought_v and_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n why_o man_n obligation_n iv_o man_n subject_n to_o obligation_n shall_v be_v subject_a to_o a_o obligation_n one_o be_v because_o he_o be_v endow_v with_o a_o will_n which_o may_v be_v divers_a way_n direct_v and_o so_o be_v conform_v to_o a_o rule_n the_o other_o because_o man_n be_v not_o exempt_a from_o the_o power_n of_o a_o superior_a for_o where_o the_o faculty_n of_o any_o agent_n be_v by_o nature_n form_v only_o for_o one_o way_n of_o act_v there_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o expect_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v of_o choice_n and_o to_o such_o a_o creature_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o prescribe_v any_o rule_n because_o it_o be_v uncapable_a of_o understand_v the_o same_o or_o conform_v its_o action_n thereto_o now_o if_o there_o be_v any_o one_o who_o have_v no_o superior_a then_o there_o be_v no_o power_n that_o can_v of_o right_o impose_v a_o necessity_n upon_o he_o and_o if_o he_o perpetual_o observe_v a_o certain_a rule_n in_o what_o he_o do_v and_o constant_o abstain_v from_o do_v many_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o act_v thus_o from_o any_o obligation_n that_o lie_v upon_o he_o but_o from_o his_o own_o good_a pleasure_n it_o will_v follow_v then_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o obligation_n who_o have_v a_o superior_a and_o be_v able_a to_o understand_v the_o rule_n prescribe_v and_o be_v endue_v with_o a_o will_v which_o may_v be_v direct_v several_a way_n and_o yet_o which_o when_o the_o law_n be_v promulge_v by_o his_o superior_a know_v he_o can_v right_o depart_v therefrom_o and_o with_o all_o these_o faculty_n it_o be_v plain_a mankind_n be_v furnish_v a_o obligation_n be_v superinduce_v upon_o oblige_v v._o who_o can_v oblige_v the_o will_n of_o man_n proper_o by_o a_o superior_a that_o be_v not_o only_o by_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v great_a or_o strong_a can_v punish_v gainsayer_n but_o by_o he_o who_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o have_v a_o power_n to_o restrain_v the_o liberty_n of_o our_o will_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n now_o when_o any_o man_n have_v either_o of_o these_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v signify_v what_o he_o will_v have_v it_o necessary_o stir_v up_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o party_n concern_v fear_v mix_v with_o reverence_n towards_o the_o first_o in_o contemplation_n of_o his_o power_n and_o towards_o the_o second_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o those_o other_o reason_n which_o even_o without_o fear_n aught_o to_o allure_v any_o man_n to_o a_o compliance_n with_o his_o will._n for_o he_o that_o can_v give_v i_o no_o other_o reason_n for_o put_v i_o under_o a_o obligation_n against_o my_o will_n beside_o this_o that_o he_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o i_o he_o true_o may_v so_o terrify_v i_o that_o i_o may_v think_v it_o better_a to_o obey_v he_o for_o a_o while_n than_o suffer_v a_o great_a evil_n but_o when_o this_o fear_n be_v over_o nothing_o any_o long_a hinder_v but_o that_o i_o may_v act_v after_o my_o own_o choice_n and_o not_o he_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o that_o have_v nothing_o but_o argument_n to_o prove_v that_o i_o shall_v obey_v he_o but_o want_v power_n to_o do_v i_o any_o mischief_n if_o i_o deny_v i_o may_v with_o impunity_n slight_a his_o command_n except_o one_o more_o potent_a take_v upon_o he_o to_o make_v good_a his_o despise_a authority_n now_o the_o reason_n upon_o which_o one_o man_n may_v just_o exact_v subjection_n from_o another_o be_v if_o he_o have_v be_v to_o the_o other_o the_o original_a of_o some_o extraordinary_a good_a and_o if_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o he_o design_v the_o other_o welfare_n and_o be_v able_a to_o provide_v better_o for_o he_o than_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o himself_o to_o do_v and_o on_o the_o same_o account_n do_v actual_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o government_n of_o he_o and_o last_o if_o any_o one_o do_v voluntary_o surrender_v his_o liberty_n to_o another_o and_o subject_n himself_o to_o his_o direction_n furthermore_o that_o a_o law_n may_v know_v vi_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v know_v exert_v its_o force_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v promulge_v it_o be_v require_v that_o both_o the_o legislator_n and_o the_o law_n also_o be_v know_v for_o no_o man_n can_v pay_v obedience_n if_o he_o know_v not_o who_o he_o be_v to_o obey_v and_o what_o he_o be_v to_o perform_v now_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o legislator_n be_v very_o easy_a because_o from_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n it_o be_v certain_a the_o same_o must_v be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n who_o be_v the_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n in_o civil_a society_n be_v ignorant_a who_o it_o be_v that_o have_v power_n over_o he_o then_o for_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o shall_v be_v hereafter_o declare_v how_o we_o come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o and_o as_o to_o the_o law_n of_o a_o man_n country_n or_o city_n the_o subject_n have_v notice_n give_v of_o they_o by_o a_o publication_n plain_o and_o open_o make_v in_o which_o these_o two_o thing_n ought_v to_o be_v ascertain_v that_o the_o author_n of_o the_o law_n be_v he_o who_o have_v the_o supreme_a authority_n in_o the_o community_n and_o that_o this_o or_o that_o be_v the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o law_n the_o first_o of_o these_o be_v know_v if_o he_o shall_v promulge_v the_o law_n with_o his_o own_o mouth_n or_o deliver_v it_o under_o his_o own_o hand_n or_o else_o if_o the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o such_o as_o be_v delegated_a to_o that_o purpose_n by_o he_o who_o authority_n it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o call_v in_o question_n if_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o such_o their_o act_n belong_v to_o that_o office_n they_o bear_v in_o the_o public_a and_o that_o they_o be_v regular_o place_v in_o the_o administration_n thereof_o if_o these_o law_n be_v to_o be_v put_v judicial_o in_o execution_n and_o if_o they_o contain_v nothing_o derogatory_n to_o the_o sovereign_a power_n that_o the_o latter_a that_o be_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o law_n be_v know_v it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o those_o who_o promulge_v it_o in_o so_o do_v to_o use_v the_o great_a perspicuity_n and_o plainness_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n obscure_a do_v occur_v therein_o a_o explanation_n be_v to_o be_v seek_v of_o the_o legislator_n or_o of_o those_o who_o be_v public_o constitute_v to_o give_v judgement_n according_a to_o law_n of_o every_o perfect_a law_n there_o be_v two_o law_n vii_o two_o part_n of_o a_o perfect_a law_n part_n one_o whereby_o it_o be_v direct_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o omit_v the_o other_o wherein_o be_v declare_v what_o punishment_n he_o shall_v incur_v who_o neglect_v to_o do_v what_o be_v command_v or_o attempt_n that_o which_o be_v prohibit_v for_o as_o through_o the_o pravity_n of_o human_a nature_n ever_o incline_v to_o thing_n forbid_v it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o say_v do_v this_o if_o no_o punishment_n shall_v be_v undergo_v by_o he_o who_o disobey_v so_o it_o be_v absurd_a to_o say_v you_o shall_v be_v punish_v except_o some_o reason_n precede_v by_o which_o a_o punishment_n be_v deserve_v thus_o than_o all_o the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n consist_v in_o signify_v what_o the_o superior_a require_v or_o forbid_v to_o be_v do_v and_o what_o punishment_n shall_v be_v inflict_v upon_o the_o violator_n but_o the_o power_n of_o oblige_v that_o be_v of_o impose_v a_o intrinsic_a necessity_n and_o the_o power_n of_o force_v or_o by_o the_o proposal_n of_o punishment_n compel_v the_o observation_n of_o law_n be_v proper_o in_o the_o legislator_n and_o in_o he_o to_o who_o the_o guardianship_n and_o execution_n of_o the_o law_n be_v commit_v whatsoever_o be_v enjoin_v by_o any_o essential_o viii_o other_o essential_o law_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o he_o to_o perform_v on_o who_o the_o injunction_n be_v lay_v but_o it_o ought_v to_o contain_v somewhat_o advantageous_a either_o to_o he_o or_o other_o for_o as_o it_o will_v be_v absurd_a and_o cruel_a to_o exact_v the_o do_n of_o any_o thing_n from_o another_o under_o a_o penalty_n which_o it_o be_v and_o always_o be_v beyond_o his_o power_n to_o
fellow_n than_o he_o be_v capable_a of_o effect_v it_o whence_o this_o must_v be_v infer_v that_o in_o order_n to_o his_o preservation_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o he_o be_v sociable_a that_o be_v that_o he_o join_v with_o those_o of_o his_o kind_n and_o that_o he_o so_o behave_v himself_o towards_o they_o that_o they_o may_v have_v no_o justifiable_a cause_n to_o do_v he_o harm_n but_o rather_o to_o promote_v and_o secure_v to_o he_o all_o his_o interest_n the_o rule_n then_o of_o this_o fellowship_n define_v vii_o la_o natural_a define_v which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o human_a society_n whereby_o man_n be_v direct_v how_o to_o render_v themselves_o useful_a member_n thereof_o and_o without_o which_o it_o fall_v to_o piece_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n from_z what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v so_o ix_o the_o mean_v design_v where_o the_o end_n be_v so_o that_o this_o be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o nature_n that_o every_o man_n ought_v as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o preserve_v and_o promote_v society_n that_o be_v the_o welfare_n of_o mankind_n and_o since_o he_o that_o design_v the_o end_n can_v but_o be_v suppose_v to_o design_n those_o mean_n without_o which_o the_o end_n can_v be_v obtain_v it_o follow_v that_o all_o such_o action_n as_o tend_v general_o and_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o this_o society_n be_v command_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a those_o that_o disturb_v and_o dissolve_v it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o same_o all_o other_o precept_n be_v to_o be_v account_v only_a subsumption_n or_o consequence_n upon_o this_o universal_a law_n the_o evidence_n whereof_o be_v make_v out_o by_o that_o natural_a light_n which_o be_v engraft_v in_o mankind_n now_o though_o these_o rule_n do_v plain_o providence_n x._o a_o god_n and_o providence_n contain_v that_o which_o be_v for_o the_o general_a good_a yet_o that_o the_o same_o may_v obtain_v the_o force_n of_o law_n it_o must_v necessary_o be_v presuppose_v that_o there_o be_v a_o god_n who_o govern_v all_o thing_n by_o his_o providence_n and_o that_o he_o have_v enjoin_v we_o mortal_n to_o observe_v these_o dictate_v of_o our_o reason_n as_o law_n promulge_v by_o he_o to_o we_o by_o the_o powerful_a mediation_n of_o that_o light_n which_o be_v bear_v with_o we_o otherwise_o we_o may_v perhaps_o pay_v some_o obedience_n to_o they_o in_o contemplation_n of_o their_o utility_n so_o as_o we_o observe_v the_o direction_n of_o physician_n in_o regard_n to_o our_o health_n but_o not_o as_o law_n to_o the_o constitution_n of_o which_o a_o superior_a be_v necessary_a to_o be_v suppose_v and_o that_o such_o a_o one_o as_o have_v actual_o undertake_v the_o government_n of_o the_o other_o but_o that_o god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o demonstrate_v xi_o the_o same_o far_o demonstrate_v law_n of_o nature_n be_v thus_o demonstrate_v consider_v mankind_n only_o in_o its_o present_a state_n without_o inquire_v whether_o the_o first_o condition_n of_o we_o mortal_n be_v different_a from_o this_o nor_o how_o the_o change_n be_v wrought_v whereas_o our_o nature_n be_v so_o frame_v that_o mankind_n can_v be_v preserve_v without_o a_o sociable_a life_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v capable_a of_o all_o those_o notion_n which_o be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o this_o purpose_n and_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o man_n not_o only_o like_o the_o other_o creature_n owe_v their_o original_a to_o god_n but_o that_o he_o govern_v they_o let_v their_o condition_n be_v as_o it_o will_v by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o his_o providence_n hence_o it_o follow_v that_o it_o must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n that_o man_n shall_v make_v use_n of_o those_o faculty_n with_o which_o he_o be_v peculiar_o endow_v beyond_o the_o brute_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n and_o consequent_o that_o the_o life_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v different_a from_o the_o lawless_a life_n of_o the_o irrational_a creature_n and_o since_o this_o can_v otherwise_o be_v achieve_v but_o by_o a_o observance_n of_o the_o law_n natural_a it_o must_v be_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v from_o god_n a_o obligation_n lay_v upon_o man_n to_o pay_v obedience_n hereto_o as_o a_o mean_v not_o invent_v by_o the_o wit_n or_o impose_v by_o the_o will_n of_o man_n nor_o capable_a of_o be_v change_v by_o their_o humour_n and_o inclination_n but_o express_o ordain_v by_o god_n himself_o in_o order_n to_o the_o accomplish_v this_o end_n for_o he_o that_o oblige_v we_o to_o pursue_v such_o a_o end_n must_v be_v think_v to_o oblige_v we_o to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o mean_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o the_o attainment_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o social_n life_n be_v positive_o enjoin_v by_o god_n upon_o man_n this_o be_v a_o proof_n that_o in_o no_o other_o animal_n be_v to_o be_v find_v any_o sense_n of_o religion_n or_o fear_n of_o a_o deity_n which_o seem_v not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o fall_v within_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o ungovernable_a brute_n and_o yet_o it_o have_v the_o power_n to_o excite_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n not_o altogether_o profligate_v the_o tender_a sense_n by_o which_o they_o be_v convince_v that_o by_o sin_v against_o this_o law_n natural_a they_o offend_v he_o who_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n and_o who_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v even_o where_o we_o be_v secure_a of_o any_o punishment_n from_o our_o fellow-creature_n though_o it_o be_v usual_o say_v that_o we_o heart_n xii_o this_o law_n how_o write_v in_o man_n heart_n have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n from_o nature_n itself_o yet_o this_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v take_v as_o if_o there_o be_v implant_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n just_o newborn_a plain_n and_o distinct_a notion_n concern_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v or_o avoid_v but_o nature_n be_v say_v thus_o to_o teach_v we_o partly_o because_o the_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n may_v be_v attain_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n and_o partly_o because_o the_o general_a and_o most_o useful_a point_n thereof_o be_v so_o plain_a and_o clear_a that_o they_o at_o first_o sight_n force_v the_o assent_n and_o get_v such_o root_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n that_o nothing_o can_v eradicate_v they_o afterward_o let_v wicked_a man_n take_v never_o so_o much_o pain_n to_o blunt_a the_o edge_n and_o stupefy_v themselves_o against_o the_o sting_n of_o their_o conscience_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n we_o find_v in_o holy_a scripture_n that_o this_o law_n be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n so_o that_o have_v from_o our_o childhood_n have_v a_o sense_n hereof_o instill_a into_o we_o together_o with_o other_o learning_n in_o the_o usual_a method_n of_o education_n and_o yet_o not_o be_v able_a to_o remember_v the_o punctual_a time_n when_o first_o they_o take_v hold_v of_o our_o understanding_n and_o possess_v our_o mind_n we_o can_v have_v no_o other_o opinion_n of_o our_o knowledge_n of_o this_o law_n but_o that_o it_o be_v connate_a to_o our_o being_n or_o bear_v together_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o ourselves_o the_o case_n be_v the_o same_o with_o every_o man_n in_o learning_n his_o mother-tongue_n those_o duty_n which_o from_o the_o law_n of_o duty_n xiii_o division_n of_o natural_a duty_n nature_n be_v incumbent_a upon_o man_n seem_v most_o apt_o to_o be_v divide_v according_a to_o the_o object_n about_o which_o they_o be_v conversant_a with_o regard_n to_o which_o they_o be_v range_v under_o three_o principal_a head_n the_o first_o of_o which_o give_v we_o direction_n how_o by_o the_o single_a dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n man_n ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o god_n the_o second_o contain_v our_o duty_n towards_o ourselves_o and_o the_o three_o that_o towards_o other_o man_n but_o though_o those_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n natural_a which_o have_v a_o relation_n to_o other_o man_n may_v primary_o and_o direct_o be_v derive_v from_o that_o sociality_n which_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o as_o a_o foundation_n yet_o even_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n towards_o god_n may_v be_v indirect_o deduce_v from_o thence_o upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o strong_a obligation_n to_o mutual_a duty_n between_o man_n and_o man_n arise_v from_o religion_n and_o a_o fear_n of_o the_o deity_n so_o as_o that_o man_n can_v not_o become_v a_o sociable_a creature_n if_o he_o be_v not_o imbue_v with_o religion_n and_o because_o reason_n alone_o can_v go_v no_o far_o in_o religion_n than_o as_o it_o be_v useful_a to_o promote_v the_o common_a tranquillity_n and_o sociality_n or_o reciprocal_a union_n in_o this_o life_n for_o so_o far_o forth_o as_o religion_n procure_v the_o salvation_n of_o soul_n it_o proceed_v
that_o be_v unwilling_a to_o receive_v it_o nor_o yet_o to_o quit_v his_o own_o title_n to_o it_o therefore_o when_o the_o other_o deny_v acceptance_n he_o who_o proffer_v it_o lose_v nothing_o of_o his_o claim_n thereto_o if_o the_o promise_n be_v occasion_v by_o a_o request_n before_o make_v the_o same_o shall_v be_v account_v to_o oblige_v so_o long_o as_o till_o such_o request_n be_v express_o revoke_v for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o thing_n will_v be_v understand_v to_o be_v accept_v beforehand_o provide_v yet_o that_o what_o be_v offer_v be_v proportion_v to_o what_o be_v desire_v for_o if_o it_o be_v not_o than_o a_o express_a acceptance_n be_v requisite_a because_o it_o may_v often_o do_v i_o no_o good_a to_o answer_v my_o request_n by_o half_n as_o for_o the_o matter_n of_o our_o promise_n engagement_n xvii_o impossible_a engagement_n and_o contract_n it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o what_o we_o promise_v or_o make_v a_o bargain_n for_o be_v in_o our_o power_n to_o make_v good_a and_o that_o so_o to_o do_v be_v not_o prohibit_v by_o any_o law_n otherwise_o we_o engage_v ourselves_o either_o foolish_o or_o wicked_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o no_o man_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v thing_n impossible_a but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o bargain-making_a be_v possible_a and_o yet_o afterward_o by_o some_o accident_n without_o any_o fault_n of_o the_o contracter_n become_v altogether_o impossible_a the_o contract_n shall_v be_v null_a if_o there_o be_v nothing_o as_o yet_o do_v in_o it_o but_o if_o one_o party_n have_v perform_v somewhat_o towards_o it_o what_o he_o have_v advance_v be_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o he_o or_o a_o equivalent_a give_v and_o if_o this_o can_v be_v do_v by_o all_o mean_v it_o be_v to_o be_v endeavour_v that_o he_o suffer_v no_o loss_n thereby_o for_o in_o contract_n that_o be_v principal_o to_o be_v regard_v which_o be_v express_o in_o the_o bargain_n if_o this_o can_v be_v obtain_v it_o must_v suffice_v to_o give_v a_o equivalent_a but_o if_o neither_o can_v this_o be_v have_v at_o least_o the_o utmost_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o party_n undergo_v no_o damage_n but_o where_o any_o man_n shall_v design_o or_o by_o some_o very_a unblamable_a miscarriage_n render_v himself_o uncapable_a of_o make_v good_a his_o part_n of_o the_o bargain_n he_o be_v not_o only_o oblige_v to_o use_v his_o utmost_a endeavour_n but_o aught_o also_o to_o be_v punish_v as_o it_o be_v to_o make_v up_o the_o amends_o it_o be_v also_o manifest_a that_o we_o can_v set_v engagement_n xviii_o unlawful_a engagement_n ourselves_o under_o any_o obligation_n to_o perform_v what_o be_v unlawful_a for_o no_o man_n can_v engage_v himself_o far_o than_o he_o have_v lawful_a authority_n so_o to_o do_v but_o that_o legislator_n who_o prohibit_v any_o action_n by_o a_o law_n take_v away_o all_o legal_a power_n of_o undertake_v it_o and_o disable_v any_o man_n from_o oblige_v himself_o to_o perform_v it_o for_o it_o will_v imply_v a_o contradiction_n to_o suppose_v that_o from_o a_o duty_n enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n shall_v flow_v a_o obligation_n to_o do_v that_o which_o the_o same_o law_n forbid_v to_o be_v do_v so_o that_o he_o transgress_v who_o promise_v to_o do_v what_o be_v unlawful_a but_o he_o be_v double_o a_o transgressor_n who_o perform_v it_o hence_o also_o it_o follow_v that_o neither_o be_v those_o promise_n to_o be_v keep_v the_o observation_n of_o which_o will_v be_v mischievous_a to_o he_o to_o who_o they_o be_v make_v because_o it_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law-natural_a to_o do_v hurt_v to_o any_o man_n even_o though_o he_o do_v foolish_o desire_v it_o and_o if_o a_o contract_n be_v make_v to_o do_v some_o filthy_a and_o base_a thing_n neither_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o fulfil_v it_o if_o such_o filthy_a thing_n be_v do_v by_o one_o party_n pursuant_n to_o the_o bargain_n the_o other_o shall_v not_o be_v bind_v to_o give_v the_o reward_n agree_v for_o but_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v already_o give_v on_o that_o account_n it_o can_v be_v demand_v again_o and_o then_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o such_o engagement_n etc._n xix_o engagement_n concern_v other_o man_n etc._n etc._n and_o bargain_n as_o we_o shall_v make_v of_o what_o belong_v to_o other_o man_n be_v altogether_o insignificant_a so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v not_o we_o but_o subject_a to_o the_o will_n and_o direction_n of_o other_o but_o if_o i_o promise_v thus_o i_o will_v use_v my_o endeavour_n that_o such_o a_o man_n always_o suppose_v he_o to_o be_v one_o not_o absolute_o under_o my_o command_n shall_v do_v so_o or_o so_o then_o i_o be_o oblige_v by_o all_o method_n moral_o possible_a that_o be_v so_o far_o as_o the_o other_o can_v fair_o request_v of_o i_o and_o as_o will_v consist_v with_o civility_n to_o take_v pain_n to_o move_v that_o person_n to_o perform_v what_o be_v desire_v nay_o we_o can_v promise_v to_o a_o three_o man_n thing_n in_o our_o own_o possession_n or_o action_n to_o be_v do_v by_o ourselves_o to_o which_o another_o have_v acquire_v a_o right_n unless_o it_o be_v so_o order_v as_o not_o to_o be_v in_o force_n till_o the_o time_n of_o that_o other_o claim_v be_v expire_v for_o he_o who_o by_o antecedent_n pact_n or_o promise_n have_v already_o transfer_v his_o right_n to_o another_o have_v no_o more_o such_o right_o leave_v to_o pass_v over_o to_o a_o three_o person_n and_o all_o manner_n of_o engagement_n and_o bargain_n will_v be_v easy_o elude_v if_o a_o man_n after_o have_v contract_v with_o one_o may_v be_v at_o liberty_n to_o enter_v a_o treaty_n with_o another_o wherein_o disposal_n shall_v be_v make_v contrary_a to_o the_o first_o agreement_n and_o with_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a this_o shall_v consist_v which_o give_v foundation_n to_o that_o know_a rule_n first_o in_o time_n prior_n in_o right_n beside_o all_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v chief_o various_a xx._n condition_n various_a observe_v concern_v promise_n that_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o be_v make_v positive_o and_o absolute_o or_o conditional_o that_o be_v when_o the_o validity_n thereof_o rely_v upon_o some_o event_n depend_v on_o chance_n or_o the_o will_n of_o man._n now_o condition_n be_v either_o possible_a or_o impossible_a and_o the_o former_a be_v subdivide_v into_o casual_a or_o fortuitous_a which_o we_o can_v cause_v to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v or_o arbitrary_a or_o such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o promise_n be_v make_v that_o they_o be_v or_o be_v not_o comply_v with_o or_o else_o mix_v the_o fulfil_n of_o which_o depend_v partly_o on_o the_o will_n of_o the_o person_n receive_v the_o promise_n and_o partly_o on_o chance_n impossible_a condition_n be_v either_o such_o as_o be_v natural_o or_o moral_o so_o that_o be_v some_o matter_n be_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n not_o capable_a of_o be_v do_v other_o be_v forbid_v by_o the_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o morality_n and_o as_o for_o these_o impossible_a condition_n if_o we_o follow_v the_o downright_a way_n of_o judge_v concern_v they_o they_o bring_v a_o negative_a sense_n upon_o the_o promissory_a word_n though_o it_o be_v true_a by_o law_n it_o may_v be_v provide_v that_o if_o they_o be_v annex_v to_o a_o serious_a business_n the_o pact_n may_v remain_v good_a reject_v these_o condition_n as_o if_o they_o have_v never_o be_v make_v that_o so_o man_n may_v not_o have_v busy_v themselves_o about_o that_o which_o otherwise_o can_v signify_v nothing_o last_o we_o promise_v and_o contract_v not_o contract_n xxi_o mediatory_a contract_n only_o in_o our_o own_o person_n but_o oftentimes_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o other_o man_n who_o we_o constitute_v the_o bearer_n and_o interpreter_n of_o our_o intention_n by_o who_o negotiation_n if_o they_o deal_v faithful_o by_o we_o in_o follow_v the_o instruction_n we_o give_v we_o be_v firm_o oblige_v to_o those_o person_n who_o transact_v with_o they_o as_o our_o deputy_n and_o thus_o we_o have_v do_v with_o the_o absolute_a conclusion_n xxii_o conclusion_n duty_n of_o man_n and_o with_o those_o by_o which_o we_o pass_v to_o the_o other_o the_o rest_n do_v all_o presuppose_v some_o human_a institution_n found_v upon_o a_o universal_a agreement_n and_o so_o introduce_v into_o the_o world_n or_o else_o some_o peculiar_a state_n or_o condition_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o institution_n there_o be_v three_o chief_o to_o be_v insist_v on_o to_o wit_n speech_n or_o discourse_n propriety_n and_o the_o value_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o government_n of_o mankind_n of_o each_o of_o these_o and_o of_o the_o duty_n arise_v therefrom_o we_o shall_v next_o discourse_n chap._n x._o the_o duty_n of_o man_n in_o discourse_n how_o useful_a and_o altogether_o necessary_a rule_n i._o general_n rule_n
as_o be_v apparent_a to_o the_o sense_n hence_o therefore_o every_o one_o in_o foro_fw-la humano_fw-la be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v oblige_v to_o that_o thing_n which_o he_o may_v fair_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v suggest_v by_o a_o right_a interpretation_n of_o the_o outward_a sign_n make_v by_o he_o wherefore_o it_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o the_o true_a understanding_n both_o of_o law_n and_o covenant_n and_o for_o the_o better_a discharge_v the_o duty_n thence_o arise_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v lay_v down_o certain_a rule_n for_o the_o true_a interpretation_n of_o word_n especial_o they_o be_v the_o most_o common_a and_o ordinary_a sign_n whereby_o we_o express_v our_o mind_n and_o intention_n concern_v common_a and_o vulgar_a term_n ii_o popular_a term_n term_n this_o be_v the_o rule_n word_n be_v general_o to_o be_v take_v in_o their_o most_o proper_a and_o receive_a signification_n which_o they_o have_v not_o so_o much_o from_o analogy_n and_o construction_n of_o grammar_n or_o conformity_n of_o derivation_n as_o by_o popular_a use_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v the_o sovereign_a comptroller_n and_o judge_n of_o speech_n term_n of_o art_n be_v to_o be_v explain_v according_a art_n iii_o term_n of_o art_n to_o the_o definition_n of_o person_n know_v in_o each_o art_n but_o if_o those_o term_n be_v different_o define_v by_o several_a person_n for_o the_o avoid_n of_o dispute_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o express_v in_o vulgar_a term_n what_o we_o mean_v by_o such_o a_o word_n but_o for_o discover_v the_o genuine_a meaning_n conjecture_n iu_o conjecture_n of_o word_n it_o be_v sometime_o necessary_a to_o make_v use_n of_o conjecture_n if_o either_o the_o word_n in_o themselves_o or_o the_o connection_n of_o they_o be_v ambiguous_a and_o liable_a to_o a_o double_a interpretation_n or_o if_o some_o part_n of_o the_o discourse_n seem_v to_o contradict_v the_o other_o yet_o so_o as_o by_o a_o fair_a and_o true_a explanation_n they_o may_v be_v reconcile_v for_o where_o there_o be_v a_o plain_a and_o manifest_a contrariety_n the_o latter_a part_n must_v be_v account_v to_o contradict_v that_o which_o go_v before_o now_o conjecture_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o subject-matter_n v._o take_v from_o the_o subject-matter_n the_o right_a meaning_n thereof_o in_o a_o ambiguous_a or_o intricate_a expression_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v take_v from_o the_o subject_a matter_n from_o the_o effect_n and_o the_o accident_n or_o circumstance_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n this_o be_v the_o rule_n word_n be_v general_o to_o be_v understand_v according_a to_o the_o subject_a matter_n for_o he_o that_o speak_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v always_o in_o view_n the_o matter_n of_o which_o he_o discourse_v and_o therefore_o agreeable_a thereunto_o the_o meaning_n of_o the_o word_n be_v always_o to_o be_v apply_v as_o to_o the_o effect_n and_o consequence_n this_o consequence_n vi_o from_o the_o consequence_n be_v the_o rule_n when_o word_n take_v in_o the_o literal_a and_o simple_a sense_n admit_v either_o oâ—_n none_n or_o else_o of_o some_o absurd_a consequence_n we_o must_v recede_v so_o far_o from_o the_o more_o receive_v mean_v as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o avoid_n of_o a_o nullity_n or_o absurdity_n farthermore_o most_o probable_a conjecture_n circumstance_n vii_o from_o circumstance_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o circumstance_n because_o of_o consequence_n every_o one_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v consistent_a with_o himself_o now_o these_o circumstance_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o as_o to_o their_o place_n or_o only_o as_o to_o the_o occasion_n of_o they_o concern_v the_o former_a of_o these_o this_o be_v the_o rule_n if_o the_o sense_n in_o any_o place_n of_o the_o discourse_n be_v express_v plain_o and_o clear_o the_o more_o obscure_a phrase_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v by_o those_o plain_a and_o familiar_a one_o to_o this_o rule_n there_o be_v another_o near_o relate_v in_o the_o explain_n of_o any_o discourse_n the_o antecedent_n and_o consequent_n must_v be_v careful_o heed_v to_o which_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v insert_v between_o be_v presume_v to_o answer_v and_o agree_v but_o concern_v the_o latter_a this_o be_v the_o rule_n the_o obscure_a expression_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n be_v to_o be_v interpret_v by_o what_o he_o have_v deliver_v more_o clear_o though_o it_o be_v at_o another_o time_n and_o place_n unless_o it_o manifest_o appear_v that_o he_o have_v change_v his_o opinion_n it_o be_v likewise_o of_o very_o great_a use_n for_o thing_n viii_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o thing_n find_v out_o the_o true_a mean_v in_o law_n especial_o to_o examine_v into_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o law_n or_o those_o cause_n and_o consideration_n which_o induce_v the_o legislator_n to_o the_o make_v thereof_o and_o moreparticular_o when_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o that_o be_v the_o only_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n concern_v which_o this_o be_v the_o rule_n that_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v which_o agree_v with_o the_o reason_n of_o that_o law_n and_o the_o contrary_n be_v to_o be_v reject_v if_o it_o be_v altogether_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o same_o so_o likewise_o when_o the_o sole_a and_o adequate_a reason_n of_o the_o law_n cease_v the_o law_n itself_o cease_v but_o when_o there_o be_v several_a reason_n of_o the_o same_o law_n it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o if_o one_o of_o they_o cease_v the_o whole_a law_n cease_v too_o when_o there_o be_v more_o reason_n remain_v which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o keep_n it_o still_o in_o force_n sometime_o also_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n be_v sufficient_a where_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o law_n be_v conceal_v moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o signification_n ix_o word_n of_o various_a signification_n many_o word_n have_v various_a signification_n one_o meaning_n be_v of_o great_a latitude_n and_o the_o other_o more_o strict_a and_o confine_v and_o then_o the_o subject_a matter_n be_v sometime_o of_o a_o favourable_a nature_n sometime_o invidious_a sometime_o between_o both_o or_o indifferent_a those_o be_v favourable_a where_o the_o condition_n be_v equal_a on_o both_o side_n where_o regard_n be_v have_v to_o the_o public_a good_a where_o provision_n be_v make_v upon_o transaction_n already_o ratify_v and_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o promote_a of_o peace_n and_o the_o like_a the_o invidious_a or_o most_o distasteful_a be_v that_o which_o aggrieve_v one_o party_n only_o or_o one_o more_o than_o the_o other_o that_o which_o imply_v a_o certain_a penalty_n that_o which_o make_v any_o transaction_n of_o none_o effect_n or_o altar_n what_o go_v before_o that_o which_o promote_v war_n and_o trouble_n that_o which_o be_v between_o both_o and_o indifferent_a be_v that_o indeed_o which_o make_v some_o change_n and_o alteration_n in_o the_o former_a state_n of_o thing_n but_o it_o be_v only_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o peace_n concern_v these_o this_o be_v the_o rule_n that_o those_o thing_n which_o admit_v of_o a_o favourable_a construction_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o the_o large_a and_o most_o comprehensive_a meaning_n but_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o a_o unpleasing_a construction_n in_o the_o most_o literal_a and_o strict_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n there_o be_v likewise_o some_o kind_n of_o extend_v x._o conjecture_n extend_v conjecture_n which_o be_v elsewhere_o to_o be_v fetch_v than_o from_o the_o word_n and_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n that_o the_o interpretation_n of_o they_o be_v sometime_o to_o be_v extend_v and_o at_o other_o time_n to_o be_v confine_v although_o it_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o give_v reason_n why_o the_o explanation_n thereof_o shall_v be_v confine_v and_o limit_v than_o extend_v but_o the_o law_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o a_o case_n which_o be_v not_o express_v in_o the_o law_n if_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o reason_n which_o suit_v to_o this_o case_n be_v particular_o regard_v by_o the_o lawgiver_n among_o other_o consideration_n and_o that_o he_o do_v design_n to_o include_v the_o other_o case_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n the_o law_n also_o aught_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o those_o case_n wherein_o the_o subtlety_n of_o ill_a man_n have_v find_v out_o trick_n in_o order_n to_o evade_v the_o force_n of_o the_o law_n now_o the_o reason_n why_o some_o expression_n limit_v xi_o conjecture_n limit_v deliver_v in_o general_a term_n shall_v be_v restrain_v may_v happen_v either_o from_o the_o original_a defect_n of_o the_o will_n or_o from_o the_o repugnancy_n of_o some_o emergent_a case_n to_o the_o will_n and_o intention_n that_o any_o person_n be_v to_o be_v presume_v not_o at_o first_o to_o have_v intend_v any_o such_o thing_n may_v be_v understand_v 1._o from_o the_o absurdity_n which_o otherwise_o will_v follow_v from_o thence_o and_o which_o it_o be_v believe_v no_o man_n in_o his_o wit_n can_v design_n hence_o general_n expression_n be_v to_o
master_n of_o a_o family_n not_o still_o but_o that_o any_o man_n be_v except_v from_o this_o duty_n who_o be_v take_v himself_o to_o a_o chaste_a single_a life_n find_v his_o constitution_n accommodate_v thereto_o and_o that_o he_o be_v capable_a in_o that_o rather_o than_o in_o the_o marry_a state_n to_o be_v useful_a to_o mankind_n or_o to_o the_o commonwealth_n especial_o also_o if_o the_o case_n be_v so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n of_o the_o want_n of_o people_n between_o those_o who_o be_v about_o to_o contract_n iu._n matrimonial_a contract_n take_v upon_o themselves_o the_o marry_a state_n a_o contract_n ought_v and_o be_v wont_a to_o intervene_v which_o if_o it_o be_v regular_a and_o perfect_a consist_v of_o these_o head_n first_o because_o the_o man_n to_o who_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o both_o sex_n that_o the_o contract_n shall_v owe_v its_o original_a intend_v hereby_o to_o get_v to_o himself_o child_n of_o his_o own_o not_o spurious_a or_o supposititious_a therefore_o the_o woman_n ought_v to_o plight_v her_o troth_n to_o the_o man_n that_o she_o will_v permit_v the_o use_n of_o her_o body_n to_o no_o other_o man_n but_o to_o he_o the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v require_v of_o the_o husband_n and_o second_o since_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o flat_o contrary_a to_o a_o social_n and_o civil_a life_n than_o a_o vagabond_n desultory_n and_o changeable_a way_n of_o live_v without_o any_o home_n or_o certain_a seat_n of_o his_o fortune_n and_o since_o the_o education_n of_o that_o which_o be_v the_o offspring_n of_o both_o be_v most_o convenient_o take_v care_n of_o by_o the_o joint_a help_n of_o both_o parent_n together_o and_o whereas_o continual_a cohabitation_n bring_v more_o of_o pleasure_n and_o comfort_n to_o a_o couple_n who_o be_v well_o match_v whereby_o also_o the_o husband_n may_v have_v the_o great_a assurance_n of_o his_o wife_n chastity_n therefore_o the_o wife_n do_v moreover_o engage_v her_o faith_n to_o her_o husband_n that_o she_o will_v always_o cohabit_v with_o he_o and_o join_v herself_o in_o the_o strict_a bond_n of_o society_n and_o become_v of_o the_o same_o family_n with_o he_o and_o this_o mutual_a promise_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v from_o the_o husband_n to_o she_o of_o the_o like_a cohabitation_n the_o nature_n of_o this_o state_n so_o require_v but_o because_o it_o be_v not_o only_o agreeable_a to_o the_o natural_a condition_n of_o both_o sex_n that_o the_o case_n of_o the_o husband_n shall_v be_v the_o more_o honourable_a of_o the_o two_o but_o that_o he_o shall_v also_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o family_n of_o which_o himself_o be_v the_o author_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o wife_n ought_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o direction_n in_o matter_n relate_v to_o their_o mutual_a state_n and_o to_o their_o household_n hence_o it_o be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o husband_n to_o choose_v his_o habitation_n and_o she_o may_v not_o against_o he_o will_v wander_v abroad_o or_o lodge_v apart_o yet_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v essential_o necessary_a to_o matrimony_n that_o the_o man_n shall_v have_v power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n or_o of_o inflict_v any_o grievous_a punishment_n as_o neither_o of_o dispose_v at_o his_o pleasure_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n or_o good_n of_o his_o wife_n but_o these_o point_n may_v be_v settle_v between_o the_o marry_a couple_n by_o peculiar_a agreement_n or_o by_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o place_n now_o though_o it_o be_v manifest_o repugnant_a woman_n v._o one_o man_n and_o one_o woman_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o one_o woman_n shall_v have_v more_o man_n than_o one_o at_o once_o yet_o it_o obtain_v among_o the_o jew_n of_o old_a and_o many_o other_o nation_n that_o one_o man_n may_v have_v two_o or_o more_o wife_n nevertheless_o let_v we_o allow_v never_o so_o little_a weight_n to_o argument_n bring_v from_o the_o primitive_a institution_n of_o marriage_n deliver_v in_o holy_a writ_n yet_o it_o will_v appear_v from_o right_a reason_n that_o it_o be_v much_o more_o decent_a and_o fit_a for_o one_o man_n to_o be_v content_a with_o one_o woman_n which_o have_v be_v approve_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o christian_n through_o the_o world_n that_o we_o know_v of_o for_o so_o many_o age_n nor_o do_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o strict_a perpetual_a vi_o contract_n perpetual_a union_n tell_v we_o less_o plain_o that_o the_o bond_n of_o matrimony_n ought_v to_o be_v perpetual_a and_o not_o to_o be_v unloose_v but_o by_o the_o death_n of_o one_o party_n except_o the_o essential_a article_n of_o the_o principal_a matrimonial_a covenant_n be_v violate_v either_o by_o adultery_n or_o a_o wicked_a and_o dishonest_a desertion_n but_o for_o ill_a disposition_n which_o have_v not_o the_o same_o effect_n with_o such_o lewd_a desertion_n it_o have_v obtain_v among_o christian_n that_o a_o separation_n from_o bed_n and_o board_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a without_o allow_v any_o engagement_n in_o a_o new_a wedlock_n and_o one_o great_a reason_n hereof_o among_o other_o be_v this_o that_o too_o free_a a_o liberty_n of_o divorce_n may_v not_o give_v encouragement_n to_o either_o party_n to_o cherish_v a_o stubborn_a temper_n but_o rather_o that_o the_o irremediable_a state_n of_o each_o may_v persuade_v both_o to_o accommodate_v their_o humour_n to_o one_o another_o and_o to_o stir_v they_o both_o up_o to_o mutual_a forbearance_n for_o the_o rest_n if_o any_o essential_a article_n of_o the_o matrimonial_a contract_n be_v violate_v the_o wrong_a party_n only_o be_v discharge_v from_o the_o oligation_n the_o same_o still_o bind_v the_o other_o so_o long_o as_o the_o former_a shall_v think_v good_a any_o man_n may_v contract_v with_o any_o woman_n impediment_n vii_o moral_a impediment_n where_o the_o law_n make_v no_o special_a prohibition_n if_o their_o age_n and_o constitution_n of_o body_n render_v they_o capable_a of_o matrimony_n except_o some_o moral_a impediment_n be_v in_o the_o way_n presuppose_v that_o he_o or_o she_o be_v under_o a_o moral_a impediment_n who_o be_v already_o marry_v to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o it_o be_v account_v a_o moral_a impediment_n kindred_n viii_o kindred_n of_o lawful_a matrimony_n if_o the_o party_n be_v too_o near_o ally_v by_o blood_n or_o by_o affinity_n on_o which_o score_n even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n those_o marriage_n be_v account_v incestuous_a and_o wicked_a which_o be_v contract_v between_o any_o person_n relate_v in_o the_o ascend_v or_o descend_v line_n and_o for_o those_o in_o the_o other_o transverse_a order_n as_o with_o the_o aunt_n either_o on_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n side_n the_o sister_n etc._n etc._n as_o also_o those_o in_o affinity_n as_o with_o the_o mother-in-law_n stepmother_n step-daughter_n etc._n etc._n not_o only_o the_o positive_a divine_a law_n but_o that_o of_o most_o civilise_a nation_n with_o who_o also_o all_o christian_n agree_v do_v abominate_a nay_o the_o special_a law_n of_o many_o country_n forbid_v marriage_n even_o in_o the_o more_o remote_a degree_n that_o so_o they_o may_v keep_v man_n from_o break_v in_o upon_o those_o which_o be_v more_o sacred_a by_o set_v the_o barrier_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n now_o as_o the_o law_n be_v wont_a to_o assign_v ceremony_n ix_o ceremony_n to_o other_o contract_n and_o bargain_n some_o solemnity_n which_o being_n want_v the_o act_n shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v of_o validity_n so_o also_o it_o be_v in_o matrimony_n where_o the_o law_n require_v for_o the_o sake_n of_o decency_n and_o good_a order_n that_o such_o or_o such_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v and_o these_o though_o not_o enjoin_v by_o the_o law_n natural_a yet_o without_o the_o same_o those_o who_o be_v subject_n of_o such_o a_o community_n shall_v not_o consummate_v a_o legal_a matrimony_n or_o at_o least_o such_o contract_n shall_v not_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o public_a to_o be_v effectual_a it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o husband_n to_o love_v duty_n x._o mutual_a duty_n his_o wife_n to_o cherish_v direct_v and_o protect_v she_o and_o of_o the_o wife_n to_o love_v and_o honour_v her_o husband_n to_o be_v assistant_n to_o he_o not_o only_o in_o beget_v and_o educate_v his_o child_n but_o to_o bear_v her_o part_n in_o the_o domestic_a care_n on_o both_o side_n the_o nature_n of_o so_o strict_a a_o union_n require_v that_o the_o marry_a couple_n be_v partaker_n as_o well_o in_o the_o good_a as_o ill_a fortune_n of_o either_o and_o that_o one_o succour_v the_o other_o in_o all_o case_n of_o distress_n moreover_o that_o they_o prudent_o accommodate_v their_o humour_n to_o each_o other_o in_o which_o matter_n it_o be_v the_o wife_n duty_n to_o submit_v chap._n iii_o the_o duty_n of_o parent_n and_o child_n from_z matrimony_n proceed_v posterity_n authority_n i._o paternal_a authority_n which_o be_v subject_v to_o the_o
compel_v the_o subject_n to_o provide_v the_o same_o which_o be_v do_v several_a way_n either_o when_o the_o community_n appropriate_v a_o certain_a portion_n of_o the_o revenue_n of_o the_o country_n they_o possess_v for_o this_o purpose_n or_o when_o each_o subject_n contribute_v something_o out_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n and_o if_o occasion_n require_v give_v also_o his_o personal_a help_n and_o assistance_n or_o when_o custom_n be_v set_v upon_o commodity_n importport_v and_o export_v of_o which_o the_o first_o chief_o affect_v the_o subject_n and_o the_o other_o foreiner_n or_o last_o when_o some_o moderate_a tax_n be_v lay_v on_o those_o commodite_n which_o be_v spend_v to_o conclude_v since_o the_o action_n of_o each_o doctrine_n viii_o public_a doctrine_n person_n be_v govern_v by_o his_o own_o particular_a opinion_n and_o that_o most_o people_n be_v apt_a to_o pass_v such_o a_o judgement_n upon_o thing_n as_o they_o have_v be_v accustom_v unto_o and_o as_o they_o common_o see_v other_o people_n judge_n so_o that_o very_o few_o be_v capable_a of_o discern_v what_o be_v just_a and_o honest_a upon_o this_o account_n therefore_o it_o be_v expedient_a for_o any_o civil_a society_n that_o such_o kind_n of_o doctrine_n shall_v be_v public_o teach_v as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o right_a end_n and_o design_n of_o such_o society_n and_o that_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n shall_v be_v season_v betimes_o with_o these_o principle_n it_o do_v therefore_o belong_v to_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o constitute_v and_o appoint_v fit_v person_n to_o inform_v and_o instruct_v they_o public_o in_o such_o doctrine_n now_o these_o several_a part_n of_o government_n concentre_v xv._o all_o these_o part_n concentre_v be_v natural_o so_o connect_v that_o to_o have_v a_o regular_a form_n suitable_a to_o any_o civil_a society_n all_o these_o part_n thereof_o ought_v radical_o to_o centre_n in_o one._n for_o if_o any_o part_n be_v want_v the_o government_n be_v defective_a and_o uncapable_a of_o procure_v its_o end_n but_o if_o these_o several_a part_n be_v divide_v so_o that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v radical_o here_o and_o other_o there_o hence_o of_o necessity_n will_v follow_v a_o irregular_a and_o incoherent_a state_n of_o thing_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o several_a form_n of_o government_n the_o supreme_a power_n consider_v either_o form_n i._o divers_a form_n as_o it_o reside_v in_o a_o single_a man_n or_o in_o a_o select_a council_n or_o assembly_n of_o man_n or_o of_o all_o in_o general_n produces_z diverse_a form_n of_o government_n now_o the_o form_n of_o government_n be_v irregular_a ii_o regular_n and_o irregular_a either_o regular_a or_o irregular_a of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v those_o where_o the_o supreme_a power_n be_v so_o unite_a in_o one_o particular_a subject_n that_o the_o same_o be_v firm_a and_o entire_a it_o carry_v on_o by_o one_o supreme_a will_v the_o whole_a business_n of_o government_n where_o this_o be_v not_o find_v the_o form_n of_o government_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v irregular_a there_o be_v three_o regular_a form_n of_o form_n iii_o three_o regular_a form_n government_n the_o first_o be_v when_o the_o supreme_a authority_n be_v in_o one_o man_n and_o that_o be_v call_v a_o monarchy_n the_o second_o when_o the_o same_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o select_a number_n of_o man_n and_o that_o be_v a_o aristocracy_n the_o three_o when_o it_o be_v in_o a_o council_n or_o assembly_n of_o freeholders_n and_o principal_a citizen_n and_o that_o be_v a_o democracy_n in_o the_o first_o he_o who_o bear_v the_o supreme_a rule_n be_v style_v a_o monarch_n in_o the_o second_o the_o noble_n and_o in_o the_o three_o the_o people_n in_o all_o these_o form_n the_o power_n be_v indeed_o compare_v iu_o form_n compare_v the_o same_o but_o in_o one_o respect_v monarchy_n have_v a_o considerable_a advantage_n above_o the_o rest_n that_o in_o order_n to_o deliberate_v and_o determine_v that_o be_v actual_o to_o exercise_v the_o government_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o appoint_v and_o fix_v certain_a time_n and_o place_n but_o he_o may_v deliberate_v and_o determine_v in_o any_o place_n and_o at_o any_o time_n so_o that_o a_o monarch_n be_v always_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o perform_v the_o necessary_a action_n of_o government_n but_o that_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o people_n who_o be_v not_o as_o one_o natural_a person_n may_v be_v able_a so_o to_o do_v it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o meet_v at_o a_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n there_o to_o debate_v and_o resolve_v upon_o all_o public_a business_n for_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o a_o council_n or_o of_o the_o people_n which_o result_v from_o the_o majority_n of_o vote_n consent_v can_v not_o otherwise_o be_v discover_v but_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o other_o matter_n state_n v._o a_o distemper_a state_n so_o in_o government_n that_o the_o same_o may_v be_v sometime_o well_o and_o at_o other_o time_n scurvy_o and_o foolish_o manage_v whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o state_n be_v repute_v sound_v and_o other_o distemper_a not_o that_o on_o account_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o imperfection_n there_o be_v any_o necessity_n of_o set_v up_o any_o peculiar_a form_n of_o government_n but_o these_o distemper_n of_o civil_a society_n sometime_o be_v in_o the_o person_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o constitution_n itself_o whence_o the_o first_o be_v style_v imperfection_n of_o the_o man_n and_o the_o latter_a imperfection_n of_o the_o state_n the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o man_n in_o a_o monarchy_n vi_o monarchy_n monarchy_n be_v when_o he_o who_o possess_v the_o throne_n be_v not_o well_o skilled_a in_o the_o art_n of_o rule_v and_o take_v none_o or_o but_o a_o very_a slight_a care_n for_o the_o public_a good_a prostitute_v the_o same_o to_o be_v tear_v in_o piece_n and_o sacrifice_v to_o the_o ambition_n or_o avarice_n of_o evil_a minister_n when_o the_o same_o person_n become_v terrible_a by_o his_o cruelty_n and_o rage_n when_o also_o he_o delight_v without_o any_o real_a necessity_n to_o expose_v the_o public_a to_o danger_n when_o he_o squander_v away_o by_o his_o luxury_n and_o profuse_a extravagance_n those_o supply_n which_o be_v give_v for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o public_a when_o he_o heap_v up_o treasure_n unreasonable_o extort_a from_o his_o subject_n when_o he_o be_v insolent_a haughty_a or_o unjust_a or_o guilty_a of_o any_o other_o scandalous_a vice_n the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o man_n in_o a_o aristocracy_n vii_o aristocracy_n aristocracy_n be_v when_o by_o bribery_n and_o base_a trick_n ill_a man_n and_o fool_n get_v into_o the_o council_n and_o person_n much_o more_o deserve_a than_o they_o be_v exclude_v when_o the_o noble_n be_v divide_v into_o several_a faction_n when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o make_v the_o common_a people_n their_o slave_n and_o to_o convert_v the_o public_a stock_n to_o their_o private_a advantage_n the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o man_n in_o a_o democracy_n democracy_n viii_o man_n in_o a_o democracy_n be_v when_o silly_a and_o troublesome_a person_n stickle_v for_o their_o opinion_n with_o great_a heat_n and_o obstinacy_n when_o those_o excellency_n which_o be_v rather_o beneficial_a than_o hurtful_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v depress_v and_o keep_v under_o when_o through_o inconstancy_n law_n be_v rash_o establish_v and_o as_o rash_o annul_v and_o what_o but_o just_a now_o be_v very_o please_a be_v immediate_o without_o any_o reason_n reject_v and_o when_o base_a fellow_n be_v promote_v in_o the_o government_n the_o imperfection_n of_o the_o man_n which_o government_n ix_o man_n in_o any_o government_n may_v promiscuous_o happen_v in_o any_o form_n of_o government_n be_v when_o those_o who_o be_v entrust_v with_o the_o public_a care_n perform_v their_o duty_n either_o amiss_o or_o slight_o and_o when_o the_o subject_n who_o have_v nothing_o but_o the_o honour_n of_o obey_v grow_v restiff_n and_o ungovernable_a but_o the_o imperfection_n of_o any_o constitution_n constitution_n x._o fault_n in_o a_o constitution_n be_v when_o the_o law_n thereof_o be_v not_o accommodate_v to_o the_o temper_n and_o genius_n of_o the_o people_n or_o country_n or_o when_o the_o subject_n make_v use_v of_o they_o for_o foment_v intestine_a disturbance_n or_o for_o give_v unjust_a provocation_n to_o their_o neighbour_n or_o when_o the_o say_v law_n render_v the_o subject_n uncapable_a of_o discharge_v those_o duty_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o public_a for_o instance_n when_o through_o their_o defect_n the_o people_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v dissolve_v in_o sloth_n or_o render_v unfit_a for_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o peace_n and_o plenty_n or_o when_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n be_v order_v after_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o public_a can_v be_v dispatch_v but_o too_o slow_o and_o with_o difficulty_n to_o these_o distemper_a constitution_n call_v xi_o how_o
father_n side_n or_o the_o mother_n be_v those_o two_o deduce_v from_o the_o several_a family_n of_o the_o father_n and_o the_o mother_n the_o relation_n whereof_o be_v distinguish_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n by_o the_o name_n of_o cognation_n and_o agnation_n the_o first_o do_v not_o exclude_v the_o woman_n but_o only_a postpone_n they_o to_o male_n in_o the_o same_o line_n for_o it_o recurr_v to_o they_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o other_o default_n but_o by_o the_o second_o both_o the_o woman_n and_o all_o their_o issue_n even_o male_n be_v exclude_v for_o ever_o when_o in_o a_o patrimonial_a kingdom_n be_v xii_o difference_n about_o succession_n how_o to_o be_v there_o arise_v a_o dispute_n concern_v the_o succession_n the_o most_o adviseable_a way_n to_o determine_v it_o be_v to_o put_v it_o to_o the_o arbitration_n of_o some_o of_o the_o royal_a family_n and_o where_o the_o succession_n original_o depend_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n there_o their_o declaration_n upon_o the_o matter_n will_v take_v away_o the_o doubt_n chap._n xi_o the_o duty_n of_o supreme_a governor_n if_o we_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o end_n and_o i._o i._o nature_n of_o community_n and_o what_o the_o part_n of_o government_n it_o will_v be_v easy_a from_o thence_o to_o pass_v a_o judgement_n upon_o the_o rule_n and_o precept_n wherein_o consist_v the_o office_n of_o a_o prince_n before_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v requisite_a conversation_n ii_o their_o proper_a study_n and_o conversation_n that_o he_o apply_v himself_o with_o the_o utmost_a diligence_n to_o the_o study_n of_o whatever_o may_v conduce_v to_o give_v he_o a_o perfect_a comprehension_n of_o the_o affair_n belong_v to_o a_o person_n in_o his_o station_n because_o no_o man_n can_v manage_v a_o place_n to_o his_o honour_n which_o he_o do_v not_o right_o understand_v he_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v sequester_v from_o those_o remote_a and_o foreign_a study_n which_o make_v nothing_o to_o this_o purpose_n he_o must_v abridge_v himself_o in_o the_o use_n of_o pleasure_n and_o vain_a pastime_n that_o will_v divert_v his_o attention_n from_o this_o mark_n and_o end_n and_o for_o his_o more_o familiar_a friend_n instead_o of_o parasite_n and_o trifler_n or_o such_o as_o be_v accomplish_v in_o nothing_o but_o vanity_n who_o company_n ought_v utter_o to_o be_v reject_v let_v he_o make_v choice_n of_o man_n of_o probity_n and_o sense_n experience_v in_o business_n and_o skilful_a in_o the_o way_n of_o the_o world_n be_v assure_v that_o until_o he_o thorough_o understand_v as_o well_o the_o condition_n of_o his_o own_o state_n as_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n under_o he_o he_o will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o apply_v the_o general_a maxim_n of_o state-prudence_n to_o the_o case_n that_o will_v occur_v in_o government_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o they_o ought_v more_o especial_o let_v he_o study_v to_o be_v excellent_a in_o virtue_n that_o be_v of_o the_o great_a use_n and_o lustre_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o vast_a charge_n and_o so_o compose_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o life_n that_o they_o may_v be_v answerable_a to_o the_o height_n of_o his_o glory_n the_o most_o general_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v law_n iii_o the_o public_a good_a the_o supreme_a law_n by_o governor_n be_v this_o the_o good_a of_o the_o public_a be_v the_o supreme_a law_n of_o all_o because_o in_o confer_v the_o government_n upon_o they_o what_o be_v there_o else_o intend_a but_o to_o secure_v the_o common_a end_n for_o which_o society_n be_v institute_v in_o the_o beginning_n from_o whence_o they_o ought_v to_o conclude_v that_o whatsoever_o be_v not_o expedient_a for_o the_o public_a to_o be_v do_v neither_o be_v it_o expedient_a for_o themselves_o and_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o order_n to_o religion_n iu_o law_n discipline_n and_o religion_n preserve_v a_o people_n at_o peace_n with_o one_o another_o that_o the_o will_n and_o affection_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v dispose_v and_o regulate_v according_a as_o it_o be_v most_o proper_a for_o the_o public_a good_a there_o aught_o to_o be_v some_o suitable_a law_n for_o the_o purpose_n prescribe_v by_o prince_n and_o also_o a_o public_a discipline_n establish_v with_o so_o much_o strictness_n that_o custom_n as_o well_o as_o fear_v of_o punishment_n may_v be_v able_a to_o confine_v man_n to_o the_o practice_n of_o their_o their_o duty_n to_o which_o end_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o take_v care_n that_o the_o christian_a religion_n after_o the_o most_o pure_a and_o most_o uncorrupt_a way_n be_v profess_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o every_o realm_n or_o community_n and_o that_o no_o tenet_n be_v public_o teach_v in_o the_o school_n that_o be_v contrariant_n to_o the_o design_n of_o government_n it_o will_v conduce_v to_o the_o advancement_n of_o few_o v._o the_o law_n plain_a and_o few_o the_o same_o end_n if_o in_o the_o affair_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v most_o frequent_o negotiate_v betwixt_o the_o subject_n the_o law_n which_o be_v prescribe_v be_v clear_a and_o plain_a and_o no_o more_o in_o number_n than_o will_v promote_v the_o good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o its_o member_n for_o consider_v that_o man_n use_v to_o deliberate_v upon_o the_o thing_n they_o ought_v or_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v more_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o natural_a reason_n than_o their_o understanding_n in_o the_o law_n whenever_o the_o law_n do_v so_o abound_v in_o number_n as_o not_o easy_o to_o be_v retain_v in_o memory_n and_o be_v so_o particular_a in_o their_o matter_n as_o to_o prohibit_v thing_n which_o be_v unprohibit_v by_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n it_o must_v certain_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o innocent_a person_n who_o have_v not_o have_v the_o least_o ill_a intention_n to_o transgress_v the_o law_n will_v be_v many_o time_n unknowing_o hamper_v by_o they_o as_o by_o snare_n to_o their_o unreasonable_a prejudice_n against_o the_o very_a end_n of_o society_n and_o government_n yet_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o prince_n to_o make_v execute_v vi_o and_o due_o execute_v law_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n suffer_v the_o violation_n of_o they_o to_o pass_v with_o impunity_n they_o must_v therefore_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n both_o for_o every_o honest_a person_n to_o enjoy_v his_o right_n without_o vexation_n evasion_n or_o delay_n and_o also_o for_o every_o malefactor_n to_o receive_v the_o punishment_n due_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o crime_n according_a to_o the_o intention_n and_o malice_n in_o the_o commit_v it_o they_o be_v not_o to_o extend_v their_o pardon_n to_o any_o without_o sufficient_a reason_n for_o it_o be_v a_o unjust_a practice_n which_o tend_v great_o to_o irritate_fw-la the_o mind_n of_o people_n against_o the_o government_n not_o to_o use_v equality_n all_o circumstance_n consider_v towards_o person_n that_o be_v equal_a in_o their_o deserve_n and_o as_o nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v enact_v penalty_n vii_o penalty_n under_o a_o penalty_n without_o the_o consideration_n of_o some_o profit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n so_o in_o the_o fix_v of_o penalty_n proportionable_o to_o that_o end_n it_o be_v fit_v to_o observe_v a_o moderation_n with_o care_n that_o the_o damage_n thence_o arise_v to_o the_o subject_a on_o the_o one_o hand_n exceed_v not_o the_o advantage_n that_o redound_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n on_o the_o other_o in_o sine_fw-la to_o render_v penalty_n effectual_a in_o obtain_v the_o end_n intend_v by_o they_o it_o be_v clear_a they_o shall_v still_o be_v magnify_v to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o by_o their_o severity_n to_o outweigh_v the_o contrary_a gain_n and_o pleasure_n that_o be_v possible_a to_o proceed_v from_o choose_v the_o crime_n moreover_o inasmuch_o as_o the_o design_n injury_n viii_o injury_n of_o people_n in_o incorporate_n together_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v their_o security_n from_o harm_n and_o violence_n it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n to_o prohibit_v any_o injury_n of_o one_o subject_a to_o another_o so_o much_o the_o more_o severe_o because_o by_o their_o constant_a cohabitation_n in_o the_o same_o place_n they_o have_v the_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o do_v they_o or_o to_o resent_v they_o remember_v that_o no_o distinction_n of_o quality_n or_o honour_n derive_v the_o least_o pretence_n to_o the_o great_a to_o insult_v over_o the_o less_o at_o their_o pleasure_n neither_o have_v any_o subject_n whatsoever_o the_o liberty_n to_o seek_v his_o satisfaction_n for_o the_o injury_n he_o presume_v be_v do_v he_o in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o private_a revenge_n for_o the_o design_n of_o government_n be_v destroy_v by_o such_o a_o proceed_v as_o this_o and_o although_o there_o be_v no_o one_o prince_n judge_n ix_o minister_n of_o state_n and_o judge_n how_o ingenious_a soever_o in_o business_n that_o be_v able_a in_o his_o own_o person_n to_o manage_v all_o the_o affair_n of_o a_o