be_v impossible_a to_o be_v repair_v any_o other_o way_n than_o by_o consult_v the_o most_o age_a person_n that_o may_v have_v preserve_v any_o idea_n thereof_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v question_v that_o the_o work_n be_v at_o present_a exceed_o defective_a even_o as_o the_o interpreter_n themselves_o acknowledge_v there_o be_v indeed_o several_a thing_n herein_o want_v and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o add_v which_o never_o be_v in_o confucius_n copy_n however_o in_o this_o whole_a volume_n such_o as_o it_o now_o be_v he_o treat_v of_o the_o rite_n as_o well_o sacred_a as_o profane_a of_o all_o sort_n of_o duty_n such_o as_o be_v practise_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o three_o family_n of_o the_o prince_n hia_n xaâ—_n and_o cheâ—_n but_o especial_o of_o that_o which_o reign_v in_o confucius_n time_n these_o duty_n be_v those_o of_o parent_n to_o their_o child_n those_o of_o child_n to_o their_o parent_n the_o duty_n of_o husband_n and_o wife_n those_o of_o friend_n those_o which_o 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the_o annal_n have_v preserve_v their_o name_n surname_n and_o the_o name_n of_o their_o country_n to_o posterity_n he_o divide_v his_o doctrine_n into_o four_o part_n so_o that_o confucius_n school_n be_v compose_v of_o four_o order_n of_o disciple_n those_o of_o the_o first_o order_n apply_v themselves_o to_o cultivate_v virtue_n and_o thereby_o to_o impress_v strong_a disposition_n in_o their_o heart_n and_o mind_n those_o of_o the_o second_o order_n addict_v themselves_o to_o the_o art_n of_o ratiocination_n and_o rhetoric_n the_o three_o study_a politic_n and_o the_o business_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o four_o order_n be_v to_o write_v in_o a_o smooth_a and_o neat_a style_n what_o concern_v morality_n among_o these_o seventy_o two_o disciple_n there_o be_v ten_o that_o signalise_v themselves_o and_o who_o name_n and_o writing_n be_v in_o great_a veneration_n confucius_n throughout_o his_o doctrine_n have_v no_o other_o intent_n than_o to_o dissipate_v the_o mist_n of_o the_o mind_n to_o extirpate_v vice_n and_o re-establish_a that_o integrity_n which_o he_o affirm_v to_o have_v be_v a_o present_a from_o heaven_n and_o the_o more_o easy_o to_o attain_v this_o end_n he_o exhort_v all_o those_o that_o hear_v his_o instruction_n to_o obey_v heaven_n to_o fear_v and_o serve_v it_o to_o love_v his_o neighbour_n as_o himself_o to_o conquer_v and_o submit_v his_o passion_n unto_o reason_n to_o do_v nothing_o say_v nothing_o nor_o think_v nothing_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o what_o be_v more_o remarkable_a he_o recommend_v nothing_o to_o other_o either_o in_o write_v or_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n which_o he_o do_v not_o first_o practice_v himself_o his_o disciple_n also_o have_v for_o he_o a_o veneration_n so_o extraordinary_a that_o they_o sometime_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o pay_v he_o those_o honour_n which_o be_v use_v to_o be_v render_v to_o those_o only_a that_o sit_v upon_o the_o throne_n a_o example_n of_o which_o
verity_n which_o be_v implant_v in_o the_o soul_n of_o alâ—_n mâ—n_z and_o which_o our_o philosopher_n incessant_o consult_v without_o prejudice_n guide_v all_o his_o word_n thus_o the_o râ—les_n which_o he_o prescribe_v and_o the_o duty_n to_o â—hâ—ch_v he_o exhort_v be_v such_o that_o there_o be_v no_o person_n which_o do_v not_o immediate_o give_v his_o approbation_n thereunto_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o falsity_n in_o his_o reason_n nothing_o extreme_a none_o of_o those_o frightful_a subtlety_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o moral_a treatise_n of_o most_o modern_a metaphysitian_n verité_fw-fr that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o discourse_n where_o simplicity_n clearness_n and_o perspicuity_n ought_v to_o prevail_v throughout_o and_o make_v it_o sâ—lf_o sensible_a to_o mind_n â—f_v the_o low_a rank_n we_o shall_v perhaps_o find_v this_o maxim_n a_o little_a relax_v where_o confucius_n say_v that_o there_o be_v certain_a person_n who_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o hate_n nevertheless_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v close_o consider_v we_o shall_v find_v the_o thought_n to_o be_v just_a and_o reasonable_a virtue_n indeed_o command_v we_o to_o do_v good_a to_o all_o man_n as_o confucius_n state_n it_o but_o it_o require_v not_o that_o we_o shall_v effectual_o have_v friendship_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n there_o be_v some_o so_o odious_a that_o it_o be_v absolute_o impossible_a to_o love_v they_o for_o afâ—er_o all_o wâ—_n only_o can_v love_v good_a we_o natural_o have_v a_o aversion_n for_o what_o appear_v extreme_o wicked_a and_o defective_a all_o that_o charity_n oblige_v we_o to_o do_v on_o this_o account_n be_v to_o show_v kindness_n to_o a_o person_n when_o it_o be_v in_o our_o power_n as_o if_o wâ—_n love_v he_o notwithstanding_o the_o vice_n malicâ—_n and_o great_a defect_n which_o be_v discover_v in_o he_o see_v that_o opportunity_n oâ—â—ers_n we_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o duty_n of_o love_v our_o enemy_n which_o jesus_n christ_n so_o much_o recommend_v in_o his_o gospel_n be_v general_o too_o much_o stretch_v this_o duty_n be_v uâ—ry_o difficult_a to_o perform_v in_o its_o just_a extent_n without_o our_o render_v it_o yet_o hard_o or_o rather_o impossible_a to_o practise_v and_o capable_a of_o cast_v we_o into_o despair_n and_o of_o make_v we_o fall_v into_o a_o entire_a relaxation_n the_o generality_n of_o those_o that_o explain_v this_o duty_n do_v speak_v as_o if_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o retain_v in_o our_o heart_n a_o tender_a amity_n for_o all_o our_o enemy_n how_o wicked_a and_o abominable_a soever_n they_o be_v yet_o this_o be_v not_o precise_o that_o which_o the_o son_n of_o god_n require_v at_o our_o hand_n because_o he_o demand_v not_o thing_n absolute_o impossible_a his_o aim_n be_v to_o excite_v we_o to_o â—ehave_v oâ—r_a self_n towards_o our_o enemy_n whoever_o they_o be_v as_o we_o do_v to_o they_o that_o we_o love_n indeed_n the_o scripture_n do_v in_o several_a place_n by_z to_z love_n signify_v to_o do_v good_a almost_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o do_v to_o those_o for_o who_o we_o have_v a_o great_a aâ—â—ection_n if_o this_o be_v a_o sit_v occasion_n we_o may_v verify_v this_o with_o several_a passage_n we_o shall_v satisfy_v ourselves_o oâ—ly_o with_o allege_v the_o example_n of_o god_n himself_o which_o our_o saviour_n propose_v â—or_a our_o imitation_n for_o aâ—ter_v have_v say_v matth._n 5.44.45_o love_v your_o enemy_n bless_v they_o that_o curse_v you_o do_v good_a to_o they_o that_o hate_v you_o and_o pray_v for_o they_o which_o despiteful_o use_v you_o and_o persecute_v you_o for_o these_o be_v all_o as_o so_o many_o synonymous_n term_n he_o add_v that_o you_o may_v be_v the_o child_n of_o your_o father_n which_o be_v in_o heaven_n for_o he_o make_v his_o sun_n to_o rise_v upon_o the_o evil_a and_o on_o the_o good_a and_o send_v his_o rain_n on_o the_o just_a and_o on_o the_o un-just_a now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o god_n love_v not_o the_o wicked_a and_o unjust_a although_o he_o may_v do_v they_o good_a he_o have_v have_v a_o extreme_a aversion_n for_o a_o caligula_n for_o a_o nero_n and_o other_o such_o like_a monster_n although_o he_o have_v cause_v his_o sun_n to_o shine_v and_o send_v his_o rain_n upon_o they_o but_o he_o have_v deal_v with_o they_o as_o if_o he_o love_v they_o and_o it_o be_v after_o this_o manner_n also_o that_o we_o ought_v to_o deport_v ourselves_o towards_o our_o enemy_n it_o be_v not_o that_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v sincere_o to_o endeavour_v what_o in_o we_o lie_v to_o retain_v in_o our_o heart_n some_o sentiment_n of_o friendship_n for_o they_o but_o there_o be_v certain_a person_n so_o lewd_a so_o prosâ—igate_v and_o so_o abominable_a for_o who_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o have_v these_o sentiment_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o the_o charity_n be_v yet_o great_a more_o generous_a and_o praise_v worthy_a when_o notwithstanding_o that_o aversion_n which_o we_o can_v hinder_v ourselves_o from_o bear_v to_o â—ertain_a person_n we_o cease_v not_o to_o do_v they_o good_a upon_o occasion_n with_o the_o prospect_n of_o yield_a obedience_n unto_o god_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n by_o what_o we_o have_v hithirto_o say_v it_o may_v be_v judge_v how_o exceed_o the_o public_a be_v behold_v to_o the_o r._n f._n incorcetta_n and_o couplet_n who_o have_v translate_v out_o of_o chinese_n into_o latin_a the_o three_o book_n of_o confucius_n from_o which_o we_o have_v extract_v this_o piece_n of_o moralityâ—_n which_o be_v now_o divulge_v we_o have_v select_v the_o most_o important_a thing_n and_o have_v let_v slip_v several_a which_o although_o good_a in_o themselves_o and_o particular_o agreeable_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o person_n for_o who_o they_o have_v be_v say_v and_o write_v will_v have_v seem_v perhaps_o too_o common_a and_o inconsiderable_a in_o our_o europe_n and_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o the_o work_n of_o the_o r._n f._n incorcetta_n and_o couplet_n a_o discourse_n be_v make_v concern_v the_o origine_fw-la of_o the_o chinese_n nation_n and_o of_o the_o ancientâ—st_a book_n which_o this_o nation_n enjoy_v and_o which_o be_v extant_a several_a age_n before_o that_o of_o confucius_n we_o have_v therefore_o translate_v what_o on_o â—hâ—s_n account_n be_v most_o necessary_a to_o be_v know_v it_o be_v here_o requisite_a for_o the_o reader_n be_v satisfaction_n to_o declare_v that_o the_o chinese_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o their_o origine_fw-la to_o the_o time_n of_o confucius_n have_v not_o be_v idolater_n that_o they_o have_v not_o have_v neither_o false_a god_n nor_o image_n that_o they_o have_v pay_v adoration_n only_o to_o the_o creator_n of_o the_o universe_n who_o they_o have_v alâ—ays_o call_v xam-ti_a and_o to_o who_o their_o three_o emperor_n name_v hoam-ti_a erect_v a_o temple_n which_o be_v probable_a the_o first_o that_o be_v build_v to_o god_n the_o name_n of_o xam-ti_a which_o they_o attribute_v to_o god_n signify_v sovereign_a master_n or_o emperor_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o chinese_n emperor_n that_o have_v very_o frequent_o assume_v the_o surname_n of_o ti_fw-mi which_o import_v master_n emperor_z or_o that_o of_o va_o which_o signify_v king_n â—_z that_o there_o be_v one_o prince_n of_o the_o four_o race_n who_o be_v call_v xi_o hoam_n ti_o the_o great_a or_o august_n emperor_n but_o there_o be_v not_o find_v any_o that_o have_v dare_v to_o assume_v the_o title_n of_o xam_n that_o be_v to_o say_v sovereign_a and_o that_o they_o have_v always_o respectful_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o absolute_a judge_n of_o thâ—_n universe_n it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o china_n sacrifice_n have_v ever_o be_v offer_v to_o diverse_a tutelary_a angel_n but_o in_o the_o time_n which_o precede_v confucius_n it_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o honour_v they_o infinite_o less_o than_o xam-ti_a the_o souveraign_a lord_n of_o the_o world_n the_o chineses_n serve_v god_n with_o extraordinary_a pomp_n and_o magnificence_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o a_o very_a modest_a and_o very_a humble_a behaviour_n and_o say_v that_o all_o this_o external_a worship_n be_v in_o no_o wise_a agreeable_a to_o the_o divinity_n if_o the_o soul_n be_v not_o inward_o adorn_v with_o piety_n and_o virtue_n they_o high_o honour_v their_o father_n and_o mother_n and_o person_n advance_v in_o age._n the_o woman_n be_v very_o virtuous_a and_o in_o their_o habit_n and_o all_o their_o fashion_n great_a modesty_n be_v observe_v the_o man_n and_o woman_n noble_n and_o peasant_n king_n and_o subject_n do_v great_o esteem_v sobriety_n frugality_n moderation_n justice_n and_o virtue_n the_o religion_n and_o piety_n of_o the_o chineses_n continue_v almost_o in_o this_o state_n unto_o the_o time_n of_o the_o philosopher_n li_n lao_n kiun_n who_o be_v contemporary_a with_o confucius_n and_o who_o first_o declare_v there_o be_v several_a go_n
brethrenâ—_n who_o he_o will_v perfect_v in_o virtue_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o he_o ordinary_o tell_v he_o that_o their_o father_n have_v the_o art_n of_o be_v virtuous_a venuâ—m_o say_v he_o to_o he_o have_v the_o art_n of_o polish_n his_o reason_n and_o his_o person_n the_o second_o book_n from_o whence_o cemçu_fw-fr cite_v his_o authority_n and_o example_n be_v call_v tar-kia_a this_o book_n which_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n ancient_a than_o the_o first_o be_v write_v by_o a_o famous_a emperor_n of_o xam_n name_v y-yin_a it_o be_v therein_o read_v that_o this_o y-yin_a see_v tar-kia_a the_o grandson_n of_o the_o emperor_n chimtam_a degenerate_a from_o the_o virtue_n of_o his_o illustrious_a ancestor_n and_o carry_v himself_o after_o a_o manner_n whole_o different_a from_o they_o he_o command_v he_o to_o live_v three_o year_n in_o a_o garden_n where_o be_v his_o grandfather_n tomb_n that_o this_o make_v so_o great_a a_o impression_n upon_o his_o spirit_n that_o he_o 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the_o cause_n of_o this_o calamity_n and_o of_o the_o wrath_n of_o heaven_n only_o in_o his_o own_o sin_n although_o he_o be_v of_o a_o consummate_v virtue_n that_o which_o most_o appear_v in_o venvam_n action_n be_v a_o extraordinary_a charity_n a_o proof_n whereof_o we_o will_v here_o allege_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o china_n it_o be_v record_v that_o this_o prince_n have_v find_v in_o the_o field_n the_o bone_n of_o a_o man_n to_o who_o the_o honour_n of_o burying_n be_v refuse_v he_o immediate_o command_v they_o to_o be_v inter_v and_o some_o of_o thâ—_n bystander_n say_v that_o the_o master_n of_o the_o decease_a be_v unknown_a and_o that_o for_o this_o reason_n he_o may_v not_o concern_v himself_o it_o be_v found_v perhaps_o on_o some_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n what_o reply_v the_o king_n he_o that_o hold_v the_o reins_o of_o the_o empire_n be_v not_o he_o the_o master_n of_o it_o he_o that_o reign_v be_v not_o he_o the_o master_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o be_o
ought_v to_o be_v that_o it_o have_v its_o rectitude_n and_o uprightness_n cemçu_fw-fr carry_v this_o moral_a a_o great_a way_n further_o and_o give_v it_o a_o perfection_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n can_v never_o be_v expect_v from_o those_o that_o have_v not_o be_v honour_v with_o divine_a revelation_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o necessary_a to_o observe_v moderation_n in_o general_n as_o oft_o as_o our_o passion_n be_v stir_v but_o that_o also_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o which_o be_v the_o most_o lawful_a innocent_a and_o laudable_a we_o ought_v not_o blind_o to_o yield_v up_o ourselves_o thereunto_o and_o always_o to_o follow_v their_o motion_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o consult_v reason_n as_o for_o example_n parent_n be_v oblige_v to_o love_v one_o another_o nevertheless_o as_o their_o amity_n may_v be_v too_o weak_a so_o it_o may_v be_v also_o too_o strong_a and_o as_o to_o the_o onâ—_n and_o the_o other_o respect_n there_o be_v doubtless_o a_o irregularity_n 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people_n will_v imitate_v he_o and_o every_o one_o will_v be_v see_v to_o practice_v virtue_n throughout_o his_o kingdom_n parent_n will_v tender_o love_v their_o child_n and_o give_v they_o a_o good_a education_n child_n will_v honour_v their_o parent_n and_o render_v they_o due_a obedience_n the_o elder_n will_v show_v kindness_n to_o their_o young_a brother_n and_o the_o young_a will_v have_v a_o respect_n and_o esteem_v for_o their_o elder_n or_o for_o other_o person_n for_o who_o good_a manner_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v have_v respect_n as_o for_o example_n for_o person_n advance_v in_o age._n in_o fine_a those_o that_o have_v estate_n will_v maintain_v some_o widow_n orphan_n and_o some_o sick_a person_n â—or_a there_o be_v nothing_o that_o make_v a_o great_a impression_n on_o the_o mind_n of_o people_n than_o the_o example_n of_o their_o king_n as_o to_o the_o second_o article_n where_o cemçu_fw-fr exhort_v in_o general_a to_o the_o practice_n of_o virtue_n he_o allege_v for_o a_o principle_n this_o maxim_n to_o which_o christ_n himself_o seem_v to_o refer_v all_o his_o morality_n do_v to_o another_o what_o you_o will_v they_o shall_v do_v unto_o you_o and_o do_v not_o unto_o another_o what_o you_o will_v not_o shall_v be_v do_v unto_o you_o among_o those_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o who_o you_o live_v say_v confucius_n disciple_n there_o be_v some_o above_o you_o other_o inferior_a to_o you_o and_o other_o that_o be_v your_o equal_n there_o be_v some_o that_o precede_v you_o other_o that_o be_v to_o be_v your_o successor_n you_o have_v they_o on_o your_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o your_o left_a consider_v that_o all_o these_o man_n have_v the_o same_o passion_n with_o you_o and_o that_o what_o you_o desire_v they_o shall_v do_v or_o not_o do_v unto_o you_o they_o desire_v
that_o you_o shall_v do_v or_o not_o do_v unto_o they_o what_o you_o therefore_o hate_v in_o your_o superior_n what_o you_o blame_v in_o they_o be_v sure_a not_o to_o practice_v towards_o your_o inferior_n and_o what_o you_o hate_v and_o blame_v in_o your_o inferior_n practise_v not_o to_o your_o superior_n what_o displease_v you_o in_o your_o predecessor_n eschew_v to_o give_v a_o example_n to_o those_o that_o shall_v come_v after_o and_o as_o in_o case_n that_o you_o shall_v happen_v to_o give_v they_o such_o a_o example_n you_o will_v desire_v they_o shall_v not_o follow_v it_o so_o you_o shall_v not_o follow_v the_o bad_a example_n of_o those_o that_o have_v precede_v you_o in_o fine_a what_o you_o blame_v in_o those_o which_o be_v on_o your_o right_a hand_n practise_v not_o to_o those_o which_o be_v on_o your_o left_a and_o what_o you_o reprehend_v in_o those_o on_o your_o left_a hand_n be_v sure_a not_o to_o practice_v it_o to_o those_o that_o be_v on_o your_o right_n behold_v conclude_v cemçu_fw-fr after_o what_o manner_n we_o ought_v to_o measure_n and_o regulate_v all_o our_o action_n and_o if_o a_o prince_n thus_o exercise_n himself_o it_o will_v happen_v that_o all_o his_o subject_n will_v be_v of_o one_o heart_n and_o one_o mind_n and_o that_o he_o will_v rather_o be_v call_v their_o father_n than_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n this_o will_v be_v the_o mean_n to_o draw_v down_o the_o blessing_n and_o favour_n of_o heaven_n not_o to_o fear_v any_o thing_n and_o to_o lead_v a_o quiet_a and_o peaceable_a life_n for_o in_o fine_a virtue_n be_v the_o basis_n and_o foundation_n of_o a_o empire_n and_o the_o source_n from_o whence_o flow_v whatever_o may_v render_v it_o flourish_v it_o be_v upon_o this_o consideration_n that_o a_o ambassador_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cuckoe_n return_v this_o excellent_a answer_n to_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cin_n who_o ask_v he_o whether_o in_o his_o master_n kingdom_n there_o be_v great_a riches_n and_o precious_a stone_n nothing_o iâ—_n esteem_v precious_a in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cuâ—ut_a virtue_n a_o king_n of_o ci_o return_v almost_o the_o same_o answer_n this_o prince_n treat_v of_o a_o alliance_n with_o the_o king_n of_o guei_n and_o the_o king_n of_o guei_n demand_v of_o he_o if_o in_o his_o kingdom_n there_o be_v precious_a stone_n he_o answer_v that_o there_o be_v none_o howâ—_n reply_v this_o king_n all_o in_o amaze_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o though_o my_o kingdom_n be_v lesser_a than_o you_o yet_o there_o be_v find_v a_o carbuncle_n who_o brightness_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o can_v enlighten_v spâ—ce_o enough_o for_o twelve_o palanquin_n and_o that_o in_o your_o kingdom_n which_o be_v vast_a than_o i_o there_o be_v none_o of_o these_o precious_a stone_n i_o have_v four_o minister_n rejoin_v the_o king_n of_o ci_o who_o with_o great_a prudence_n govern_v the_o province_n i_o have_v commit_v to_o they_o behold_v my_o precious_a stone_n thâ—y_o can_v enlighten_v a_o thousand_o stadia_fw-la these_o be_v not_o the_o man_n alone_o in_o china_n that_o have_v esteem_v virtue_n there_o be_v woman_n that_o have_v consider_v it_o as_o a_o jewel_n of_o infinite_a value_n and_o preferable_a to_o all_o treasure_n a_o illustrious_a queen_n name_v kiam_fw-la who_o reign_v two_o hundred_o year_n before_o confucius_n reclaim_v her_o husband_n from_o sensuality_n and_o debauchery_n by_o a_o action_n which_o deserve_v to_o be_v immortalize_v she_o see_v that_o this_o prince_n continual_o resort_v to_o the_o pastime_n of_o debauchery_n and_o abandon_v himself_o to_o all_o sort_n of_o pleasure_n she_o one_o day_n pluck_v her_o pendant_n from_o her_o ear_n and_o lay_v aside_o all_o her_o jewel_n and_o in_o his_o condition_n go_v to_o the_o king_n and_o speak_v to_o he_o these_o word_n with_o a_o sensible_a emotion_n sir_n be_v it_o possible_a that_o luxury_n and_o debauchery_n be_v so_o very_o please_v to_o you_o you_o contemn_v virtue_n but_o i_o esteem_v it_o infinite_o more_o than_o the_o mâ—st_o precious_a stone_n she_o afterward_o enlarge_v upon_o this_o subject_a and_o the_o action_n and_o discourse_n of_o this_o princess_n touch_v he_o so_o strong_o that_o he_o renounce_v his_o extravagancy_n and_o give_v himself_o up_o entire_o to_o virtue_n and_o the_o care_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o he_o govern_v thirteen_o year_n with_o great_a applause_n in_o fine_a as_o to_o the_o last_o article_n cemçu_fw-fr represent_v to_o king_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o oppress_v their_o people_n either_o by_o imposition_n or_o otherwise_o that_o to_o avoid_v be_v force_v thereto_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o choose_v wise_a faithful_a and_o virtuous_a minister_n and_o consequent_o not_o to_o admit_v into_o the_o management_n of_o affair_n those_o that_o be_v unworthy_a and_o who_o by_o their_o cruelty_n ambition_n and_o avarice_n can_v only_o bring_v a_o vast_a prejudice_n to_o the_o state_n he_o show_v they_o that_o theâ—_n ought_v to_o lessen_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a the_o number_n of_o their_o minister_n and_o of_o all_o those_o that_o live_v at_o the_o public_a expense_n to_o endeavour_v to_o excite_v all_o to_o work_n and_o so_o to_o order_n it_o that_o those_o who_o manage_n and_o disburse_v the_o treasure_n may_v do_v it_o with_o all_o the_o moderation_n imaginable_a prince_n add_v he_o ought_v never_o to_o seek_v private_a interest_n they_o ought_v only_o to_o look_v after_o the_o interest_n of_o their_o people_n to_o be_v love_v and_o faithful_o serve_v they_o ought_v to_o convince_v their_o subject_n by_o their_o conduct_n that_o they_o design_v only_o to_o make_v they_o happâ—_n which_o they_o will_v never_o do_v if_o they_o hearty_o follow_v their_o particular_a interest_n if_o they_o oppress_v and_o impoverish_v they_o a_o collection_n out_o of_o confucius_n work_n the_o second_o book_n this_o second_o book_n of_o confucius_n be_v publish_v by_o his_o grandson_n cusu_n it_o treat_v of_o divers_a thing_n but_o especial_o of_o that_o excellent_a mediocrity_n which_o must_v be_v constant_o observe_v in_o all_o thing_n between_o the_o too_o much_o and_o too_o little_a thus_o this_o book_n be_v entitle_v chumyum_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o perpetual_a mean_a a_o mean_a constant_o observe_v confucius_n teach_v at_o first_o that_o all_o man_n ought_v to_o love_v this_o mediocrity_n which_o they_o ought_v to_o search_v after_o with_o a_o extreme_a care_n he_o say_v that_o the_o perfect_a man_n always_o kâ—eps_v a_o just_a mean_a whatever_o â—e_n undertake_v but_o that_o the_o wicked_a always_o swerve_v therefrom_o that_o he_o do_v too_o much_o or_o not_o enough_o when_o the_o right_a reason_n send_v from_o heaven_n add_v â—e_n have_v once_o show_v a_o wiseman_n the_o mean_a he_o ought_v to_o keep_v he_o afterward_o conform_v all_o his_o action_n thereuntoâ—_n at_o all_o time_n as_o well_o in_o adversity_n as_o prosperity_n he_o continual_o watch_v over_o himself_o over_o his_o thought_n over_o the_o most_o secret_a moâ—ioâ—â—_n of_o hiâ—_n heart_n alwâ—yâ—â—o_o square_a hâ—mself_n aâ—â—ordiâ—g_v to_o tâ—is_fw-la just_o mean_a wâ—iâ—h_a hâ—_n will_v never_o lose_v sight_n ofâ—_n but_o â—he_n wiâ—ked_v bâ—ing_v not_o restrain_v neither_o by_o fear_n modesty_n nor_o thâ—_n love_v oâ—_n virtue_n their_o extravagant_a â—_z do_v always_o carry_v they_o into_o extreme_n this_o philosopher_n can_v sufficient_o admire_v this_o happy_a mediocrity_n he_o lookâ—_n on_o it_o as_o the_o sublimest_n thing_n in_o thâ—_n wâ—â—ld_n as_o a_o thing_n â—ost_o worthy_a of_o the_o louâ—_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o high_a mind_n as_o the_o sole_a path_n of_o virtue_n hâ—â—â—mplains_v that_o there_o always_o hauâ—_n be_v so_o fâ—w_a person_n that_o have_v keep_v it_o he_o diligent_o inquire_v after_o the_o cause_n â—herâ—of_o he_o say_v that_o as_o for_o the_o wisâ—_n man_n of_o the_o age_n they_o slight_a and_o conâ—emn_v it_o because_o they_o imagine_v it_o below_o thâ—ir_n great_a design_n below_o their_o ambitious_a project_n and_o that_o as_o for_o dull_a person_n they_o very_o hardly_o attain_v it_o â—â—thâ—r_n by_o reason_n they_o understand_v it_o not_o or_o bâ—cause_v the_o difficulty_n in_o attain_v it_o astonishâ—s_v and_o discourage_v they_o and_o all_o this_o add_v confucius_n happen_v for_o want_v of_o examination_n â—or_a if_o we_o diligent_o examine_v what_o be_v good_a in_o itself_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o all_o extremes_n be_v prejudicial_a and_o that_o the_o mean_v alone_o be_v always_o good_a and_o gainful_a he_o herein_o particular_o allege_v thâ—_n example_n of_o xun_n the_o emperor_n hâ—_n cry_v out_o how_o great_a be_v the_o prudence_n of_o the_o emperor_n xâ—n_n he_o be_v not_o satisfy_v in_o the_o administration_n oâ—_n state-affairs_a with_o his_o single_a examination_n with_o his_o own_o particular_a judgement_n and_o prudence_n he_o likewise_o consult_v the_o mean_a of_o his_o subject_n he_o ask_v advice_n upon_o the_o least_o thing_n and_o
he_o make_v it_o a_o duty_n and_o delight_n to_o weigh_v the_o answer_n that_o be_v give_v he_o how_o common_a so_o ever_o they_o appear_v when_o any_o thing_n be_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o after_o a_o strict_a examination_n he_o be_v convince_v be_v repugnant_a to_o right_a reason_n he_o acquiesce_v not_o but_o with_o a_o open_a heart_n represent_v what_o be_v amiss_o in_o the_o counsel_n that_o be_v give_v he_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o make_v his_o subject_n to_o place_v a_o confidence_n in_o he_o and_o accustom_v themselves_o â—reely_o to_o give_v he_o advertisement_n â—rom_o time_n to_o time_n as_o for_o the_o good_a and_o judicious_a counsel_n he_o follow_v magnify_v and_o extol_v they_o and_o thereby_o every_o one_o be_v encourage_v joyful_o to_o declare_v his_o opinion_n but_o if_o among_o the_o counsel_n that_o be_v give_v he_o he_o find_v that_o some_o plain_o contradict_v other_o he_o attentive_o consider_v they_o and_o after_o have_v examine_v they_o he_o always_o take_v â—_o mean_o especial_o when_o it_o concern_v â—he_v public_a interest_n confucius_n here_o deplore_v the_o false_a prudence_n of_o the_o man_n of_o his_o time_n it_o have_v indeed_o very_o much_o degenerate_v from_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o ancient_a king_n there_o be_v not_o say_v he_o any_o person_n at_o present_a who_o declare_v not_o i_o have_v prudence_n i_o know_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v do_v and_o what_o be_v not_o but_o because_o that_o now_o profit_n and_o particular_a advantage_n be_v the_o only_a object_n delight_v in_o it_o happen_v that_o we_o think_v not_o on_o the_o evil_n which_o may_v thence_o ensue_v on_o the_o peril_n to_o which_o this_o gain_n and_o profit_n expose_v we_o and_o that_o the_o precipice_n be_v not_o perceive_v by_o we_o there_o be_v some_o that_o perfect_o understand_v the_o nature_n and_o value_n of_o mediocrity_n who_o châ—sâ—_n it_o for_o their_o rule_n and_o square_v their_o action_n thereby_o but_o who_o afterward_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v overcome_v by_o sloth_n have_v not_o the_o power_n to_o persist_v to_o what_o end_n in_o these_o sort_n of_o person_n do_v the_o knowledge_n and_o resolution_n they_o have_v form_v tend_v to_o alas_o it_o be_v not_o thus_o with_o my_o disciple_n hâ—ri_n he_o have_v a_o exquisite_a discern_a faculty_n he_o remark_v all_o the_o difference_n that_o occur_v in_o thing_n he_o always_o choose_v a_o mean_a and_o never_o forsake_v it_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n add_v confucius_n it_o be_v not_o a_o very_a easy_a thing_n to_o acquire_v that_o medium_fw-la which_o i_o so_o much_o commend_v alas_o there_o be_v nothing_o so_o difficult_a it_o be_v a_o affair_n which_o require_v great_a pain_n and_o industry_n you_o will_v find_v man_n capable_a of_o govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n you_o will_v see_v some_o that_o will_v have_v magnanimity_n enough_o to_o refuse_v the_o most_o considerable_a dignity_n and_o advantage_n there_o will_v be_v some_o also_o that_o will_v have_v courage_n enough_o to_o walk_v on_o naked_a sword_n but_o you_o will_v find_v few_o that_o be_v capable_a of_o keep_v a_o just_a mean_a that_o to_o arrive_v hereat_o art_n labour_n courage_n and_o virtue_n be_v require_v it_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o this_o moâ—al_a that_o one_o of_o his_o disciple_n who_o be_v of_o a_o warlike_a and_o ambitious_a temper_n ask_v he_o wherein_o valour_n consist_v and_o what_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o do_v to_o obtain_v the_o name_n of_o valiant_a have_v you_o â—eâ—rd_n ses_fw-fr confucius_n of_o the_o valour_n of_o those_o in_o the_o south_n or_o those_o that_o dwell_v in_o the_o north_n or_o rather_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o my_o disciple_n who_o apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o study_n of_o wisdom_n to_o act_v mild_o in_o the_o education_n of_o child_n and_o disciple_n to_o be_v indulgent_a to_o they_o patient_o to_o bear_v their_o disobedience_n and_o defect_n be_v that_o wherein_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o southern_a people_n consist_v by_o this_o valour_n they_o conquer_v their_o violent_a temper_n and_o submit_v their_o passion_n which_o be_v general_o violent_a to_o right_o reason_n to_o lie_v down_o courageous_o in_o a_o camp_n to_o repose_v quiet_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o terrible_a army_n to_o see_v a_o thousand_o death_n before_o his_o eye_n without_o daunt_v not_o to_o be_v disquiet_v but_o make_v a_o pleasure_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o life_n behold_v what_o i_o call_v the_o valour_n of_o the_o northern_a man_n but_o as_o general_o therâ—_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o rashness_n in_o all_o this_o and_o that_o oftentimes_o man_n regulate_v not_o themselves_o according_o to_o that_o mean_a which_o every_o one_o ought_v to_o seek_v after_o it_o be_v not_o this_o sort_n of_o valour_n which_o i_o require_v of_o my_o disciple_n behold_v what_o his_o character_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o perfect_a man_n for_o in_o short_a the_o perfect_a man_n only_o can_v have_v a_o true_a valour_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v busy_v in_o conquer_a himself_o he_o must_v suit_v himself_o to_o the_o manner_n and_o temper_n of_o other_o but_o he_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v master_n of_o his_o own_o heart_n and_o action_n he_o must_v not_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o conversation_n or_o example_n of_o loose_a and_o effeminate_a person_n he_o must_v never_o obey_v till_o he_o have_v first_o examine_v what_o be_v command_v he_o he_o must_v never_o imitate_v other_o without_o judgement_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o many_o mad_a and_o blind_a person_n which_o go_v at_o random_n he_o must_v walk_v aright_o and_o not_o incline_v to_o any_o party_n this_o be_v the_o true_a valour_n moreover_o if_o this_o very_a person_n be_v call_v to_o the_o magistracy_n in_o a_o kingdom_n where_o virtue_n be_v consider_v and_o he_o change_v not_o his_o moral_n how_o great_a soever_o the_o honour_n be_v to_o which_o he_o be_v advance_v if_o he_o there_o preserve_v all_o the_o good_a habit_n which_o he_o have_v when_o only_o a_o private_a man_n if_o he_o permit_v not_o himself_o to_o be_v lead_v away_o with_o pride_n and_o vanity_n this_o man_n be_v true_o valiant_a ah_o how_o great_a be_v this_o valour_n but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a he_o be_v in_o a_o kingdom_n where_o virtue_n and_o law_n be_v conâ—emned_v and_o that_o in_o the_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n which_o there_o prevail_v he_o himself_o be_v depress_v with_o poverty_n afflict_a reduce_v even_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n but_o yet_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o many_o misery_n he_o remain_v constant_a preserve_v all_o the_o innocency_n of_o his_o manner_n and_o never_o change_v his_o opinion_n ah_o how_o great_a and_o illustrious_a be_v this_o valour_n instead_o therefore_o of_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o southern_a or_o northern_a country_n i_o require_v and_o expect_v from_o you_o my_o dear_a disciple_n a_o valour_n of_o the_o nature_n abovementioned_a behold_v something_o which_o confucius_n speak_v which_o be_v not_o less_o remarkable_a there_o be_v some_o man_n say_v he_o which_o surpass_v the_o bound_n of_o mediocrity_n by_o affect_v to_o have_v extraordinary_a virtue_n they_o covet_v always_o to_o have_v something_o marvellous_a in_o their_o action_n to_o the_o end_n that_o posterity_n may_v praise_v and_o extol_v they_o certain_o as_o for_o myself_o i_o shall_v never_o be_v enamour_v with_o theâ—e_n glitter_v action_n where_o vanity_n and_o self-love_n have_v ever_o a_o great_a shaâ—e_n than_o virtue_n i_o will_v only_o know_v and_o practice_v what_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o know_v and_o practice_v every_o where_o there_o be_v four_o rule_n according_a to_o which_o the_o perfect_a man_n ought_v to_o square_v himself_o 1._o he_o himself_o ought_v to_o practice_v in_o respect_n of_o his_o father_n what_o he_o require_v from_o his_o son_n 2._o in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o prince_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o show_v the_o â—ame_n fidelity_n which_o he_o demand_v of_o those_o that_o be_v under_o he_o 3_o he_o must_v act_v in_o respect_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o he_o wouâ—d_v that_o his_o young_a brother_n shall_v act_v towards_o he_o 4._o and_o last_o he_o ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o his_o friend_n as_o he_o desire_v that_o his_o friend_n shall_v carry_v themselves_o to_o he_o the_o perfect_a man_n continual_o acquit_v himself_o of_o these_o duty_n how_o common_a soever_o they_o may_v appear_v if_o he_o happen_v to_o perceive_v that_o he_o have_v do_v amiss_o in_o any_o thing_n he_o be_v not_o at_o rest_n till_o he_o have_v repair_v his_o fault_n if_o he_o find_v that_o he_o have_v omit_v any_o considerable_a duty_n there_o be_v not_o any_o violence_n which_o he_o do_v not_o to_o himself_o perfect_o to_o accomplish_v it_o he_o be_v moderate_a and_o reserve_v in_o his_o discourse_n he_o speak_v with_o