Selected quad for the lemma: duty_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
duty_n	duke_n	submission_n	war_v	10	3	17.2004	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A42214	De rebus belgicis, or, The annals and history of the Low-Countrey-warrs wherein is manifested, that the United Netherlands are indebted for the glory of their conquests, to the valour of the English, under whose protection the poor distressed states, have exalted themselves to the title of the high and mighty ...; Annales et historiae de rebus Belgicis. English	Grotius, Hugo, 1583-1645.; Manley, Thomas, 1628-1690.	1665 (1665)	Wing G2098; ESTC R3740	690,015	1,031

Mompensier by whom he had Children many Daughters but no Son By these Daughters he obtained many great Alliances both in Germany and France His Fourth and last Wife was the Daughter of the famous Coligny sometime Admiral at Sea for the French and a Captain in his Party and she was Mother of Henry Frederick Never was any Funerall follow'd with so great a Sorrow even almost to Desperation of all sorts of People there onely remained this comfort that by investing with the Care of the Publike his Son Maurice who then about 18 years of Age follow'd his Studies at Leyden with a free Inclination to vertuous Principles that so by a grateful Remembrance they might in some sort gratifie the first Author and Parent of their Liberty His Father had assigned to him in the Division of his Inheritance among other possessions the Town of Flushing by its Scituation invincible together with Veria Towns in Zealand bought of those who held the same by the Title of The Marquess of the Empire and by that Name took a principal place there in the General Assembly of the States Besides which those two very Towns had gotten to themselvs a Right of Suffrage as well as Middleburgh Ziriezet Tergoes and Thol 〈◊〉 their Abbots who in former days were wont to have the 〈◊〉 Vote though by a Right whose Original was almost forgotten And because the chief Government of all was sought 〈◊〉 from abroad the particular Government of Holland and Zeland was given to the young Prince of Aurange under 〈◊〉 the Count Hohenlo a Man famous for many Warlike achievments was Lieutenant or Deputy But Frizeland● the greater Honour of that Illustrious Family whereby ● Common-wealth had won an esteem among Forreign Pr●● was bestowed on William the Son of John of Nassau 〈◊〉 his Uncle had before that sent into those Parts although 〈◊〉 were some who had rather have the Governing of Ci●● being exceedingly covetous of Liberty though not of ●ciency to manage it which soon made them run into P●ons while taking to themselves the greatest charge 〈◊〉 fairs Here the Judges meeting together drawing ● Example a Custom introduced under the Burgundian Pr●pality there the Deputies of the States of Frizeland 〈◊〉 newly setled as a Publike Assembly according to the P●● of Aurange's Counsel and their Neighbors Example ● first trust onely to the strength of their Cities the la●e●● on the Wealth of the Nobles and all others who are O●● of Land But Count William behaving himself with an indiffe●● Moderation hindered the first Enterprizes of those quansome Dissenters which seemed to be most eager And in ● mean time was ready at all Assays on the Borders where the Enemy got nothing from him but were rather inf●● with his frequent Excursions wasting and destroying the Countries By this means Oppurtunity was gotten compose the begun Differences either by Argument or Authority The Deputies of the States had time to look after ● Execution of all things commanded to or by their Assembly and to take care of the daily Affairs of the Commonwealth the Judges were ordered to examine after all other concerning Debate about the Bounds of Lands as they were wont under the Burgundian Scepter to do and also with the Governour to oversee the Elections of Burgers and Burgomasters that they might be such as were most free from factions Part-takings onely Leonard and Franecre kept to themselvs their Right of Free Choice Those Towns which long since were no other than Villages divided into three parts Ostergoo Westergoo and the Seven Woods had among them but one voyce Now by the War their Use and Authority being increased they had gotten the Third Part of the Authority as well in the Sessions of the Judges as in the New Assembly of the States Deputies not so much by the Repute of their Concord and Unanimity for sometimes there would burst out bitter ●ends among them especially in Arguments that related to the raising or imposing New Levies of Monies in which Cases here the consent of the Major Part was of no value as it was among other Nations their Neighbours This surely was a Custom brought with much Prudence among them in time of their Princes and very dangerous to Liberty unless it be allowed that Prudence and Love of the Publike should succeed in the place of Claim and Interest which makes me with the more admiration to behold through the whole Series of the History of this War and especially in those Times the Valour and Courage of the Hollanders whom neither the Defections of their Confederates on every side nor the multiplyed Tributes which among such continual Slaughters they raised were never able to destroy nor the Death of their Chief Support their Leader bow to desire a Peace but rather confirmed by the Attractive of his Name to a strong Aversion from any Submission But the Duke of Parma as if he had hitherto onely Warred with the Prince of Aurange whom now he said the Divine Vengeance had met with for having been the Author of their Defection and breaking so many Leagues advised them of Repentance and consequently to return to their old Duty and Allegeance Which Offers when he saw so constantly refused and that any further Trials in the like sort would be 〈◊〉 vain intending to perfect the Siege he had began at Scol●● he raiseth Forts and strong Holds all along the Ways and Passages of Brabant and in some convenient places open the Banks to make the River overflow all the Parts ad●cent Afterwards departing from Lillow which he had ● some time in vain besieged on a suddain he posts away with his Army towards Deudremund this is that part of Flanders for which the Earls thereof formerly owed no Service nor did Homage to either Kingdom and drawing the Water from the Walls he compelled them to Surrender when leaving some of his Army in Garrison with the rest he passeth the Scholde with part of whom he endeavours to ● all Commerce between Bruxels and Antwerp and with the other part takes Viluorde which lyes between that and the River Sinna The Gauntoys too because the Hollander Forces were otherwhere employed and they had no hope of Assistance prevent the imminent greatness of their Danger by a suddain and forward Submission and this by the Counsel of the Lord Campiny who being Prisoner in that City and set freely at Liberty safely undertook the Office of a Messenger on that behalf But the Policy of Richardot is very memorable for he proposing Articles of Surrender being about to repudiate difference of Religion he would not seem to take any notice thereof untill he had so brought all their Minds to the desire of Peace that it was not safe to go back And this was another Devise of his He had left S●● of the Citizens to the Duke of Parma's pleasure to fulfill his Revenge and it was of very great moment for the Danger being equal and alike to all made every one

successful Sarlies disturbing their enterp●sed beginnings At this time Prince Maurice had left Groening and was going against Steenewie when heating of the Siege of K●senburg he left Count William to defend the Frizons and himself with a flying Army coming to Arnheynie an I●e of Holland by Signs encouraged the Besieged and likewise from thence sent Messengers that got through the adverse Army unespy'd by Night in a Boat But the Nassania● Commanders differ'd in Opinion whether they should 〈◊〉 the Enemy in the Field and fight him or passing the River Wael should fortifie themselves and hinder their Adversaries of Provision and make them leave the Works and Guns they had setled upon the side of the Hill by Ni●●ghen There was difficulty and danger in both these Attempts for without all doubt the Enemy was stronger in Horse whose Force and Valour they had often tryed both in Fight and Forraging At length Fortune determin'd their Doubt which many times is as profitable as Prudence for the Prince with Count Solms and Sir Francis Vere being brought near the Enemies Camp hid part of the forwardest Regiments with some Troops among the Thickets adjoyning to the way Other part of the Horse were commanded to march a good way forward to draw on the Enemy upon whose approach they were to seem to fly as if they were overpower'd for most of the Italians in Ten Troops among whom was the Duke of Parma's own Lifeguard were come out to pursue them and they were not to face about till they had drawn the Pursuers beyond the River and a narrow Bridge that went over it which being brought to pass according to expectation suddainly they that fled turned again and the others that lay in Ambush coming in they were inclosed and every valiant man among them dyed in the place he stood the rest were scatteringly slain as they were met with onely some few while the Conquerours took the Ensigns and some prisoners alive and the Horses escaped and fled to the Camp With the grief whereof and the loss of so many noble and valiant men not thinking it safe any longer to stay in the Enemies quarters he gave over his vain Siege but pretending that he was commanded to march once more into France and that the great Affairs of the● Kingdom were not to be neglected in striving to win a few Forts or Castles in Holland Wherefore sending the Carriages before he Transported his Army having onely built some slight Works upon the River to keep the Nassauians in play least they should fall upon his Rear and as soon as his Army was all over the Water he commanded them to make a stand that they might secure the ships coming after them But the City was highly displeased at his departure some few spoke of him favourably most smother'd their Anger in a threatning silence but the baser sort of people cover'd nothing of their Madness but shew'd their Fury in their Speeches as if they could by them draw back an Old General that fled at the sight of a stripling Enemy Undoubtedly Parma's Mind having always been accustomed to win Honour was grievously afflicted with this Disgrace so that his former Disease now again increasing be together with his Son Ranutio who lately came out of Italy augmented his Fathers Vexation that he should be a Witness of his Misfortune went to the Spaw there among the variety of his present Discontent and former Fortune to drink of the Waters From thence he sent to the Mutinous Spaniards at Diest for pacifying whom he gave a very prejudicial Example to wit That Emanuel Vega a Captain who was more severe than the Villany of the Souldiers would bear should be displaced and another put into his room The Citizens of Nimmeghen did many of them begin to look after Liberty especially after Desperation had multiplied those Evils which before they had scarcely undergone with the Promises and Expectation of better Things For six years before following the Duke of Parma's good Fortune 〈◊〉 by a general Consent but the Faction of a small Party when the Government of the United States after a long time and by much care came to be setled without whose Consent whatever Duty or Obedience they shewed was without any Affection yet they chose Safety and Profit And from that time there began a mutual Commerce between them and the Hollanders who suffer'd the Ships of Nimmeghen to go through the Wael because then the Channel of the R● wanted Depth of Water to bear them But in the Garrison were Three Companies one of Forreigners two of men ●ised within the Town for they positively refused to admit of more and as any one offended more heinously the parties of the great Ones they would by vertue of their received Power threatningly restrain or punish the Offenders There wanted now onely a close Siege least the Enemies Forces should lye at lurch about the Maes and that was onely delayed by the excessive increase of Water in the Wael so that there could not be had any use of a Bridge However the Souldier rested not long quiet in his Winter-quarters though they were purposely at a great distance the more to increase the Conquering Enemies Security For Prince Maurice prosecuting his good Fortune draws out of his Garrisons part of the Regiments and with them marches over the Scheldt into the Land of Wase and at the same time the Horse made an Intoad into Brabant And the fifth day after having taken all the Forts thereabouts Hulst a Town in that Province was deliver'd to him The suddainness of the Action amazed the Garrison Souldiers for the Governor by chance was gone out of Town before the Siege upon private occasions of his own and also because the Prince had digged through the Bank to make the River overflow all the adjacent places and by that means stopped the Enemy from assisting them The whole Land of Wase was given to the Souldiers to spoil and pillage until they promised Tribute and sent Hostages to the States for payment of the same But the Neighbours of the Hollanders seeing all the best of their Fruits and other Provisions possessed by the Enemy Prince Maurice's Army being gone as fearing to have bin met with unawares in the Enemies Country by the Duke of Parma cause Mondrag●io the Governour of the Castle at Antwerp to take Arms who accordingly with the next Souldiers he could get and such as lived about the Maes goes over the Scheldt but not daring to look upon any Town for Count Solms defended them and Repaired the Works he recovered the Forts and Sconces in the Country and Erected some n●w ones for the straitning or cutting off Excursions Hereupon the Inhabitants of the Country denyed their promised Tribute supposing and not without Reason that the Clemency of the Enemy would not break its wonted bounds and revenge the injury upon the innocent pledges All things succeeding thus even beyond his wishes the Prince once again drawing his

possibility to foresee or avoid them In the morning the Garrison was driven out And in this interim the Germans of the same side that they might by policy assist them in the assault with great labour passing through the marishy and unguarded places had won the outer Trench of the Castle and cutting down the Palizadoes fell upon the Watch and killed them not thinking of any danger from abroad Thus keeping one part from the relief of the other he became Conquerour of both and all that day battered the Castle with his Cannon which as it was principally strengthned with a Bank of moist plashy Earth so was it easily beaten down the Besieged therein were no less than eight hundred yet although the breach was not made wide enough and they were sensible of no force near to assault them feared nevertheless the Bridge taken by the Enemy and many other doubtful and unseasonable events of chance but chiefly by the commixture of those who flying from the Battel in the night and mingled themselves among them and would not suffer one among them to remain honest and just And throwing down their Arms with horrible clamours and threats and force against their Commanders if they could not consent forthwith to surrender And just as the Count Solmes was bringing to them Relief they marched out late in the Evening being derided by their Enemies and according to the merits of their cowardise punished by their Commanders in chief so highly oftentimes are the manners and Customs of an Age corrupted that the remedies of evils are more to be feared than the evils themselves The Spaniard having thus sooner nay beyond his hope obtained so easie an entrance against all stops drained all the ground near the Trench and from thence what with Stratagems and what with force he sorely battered all the Fortifications encompassed with the Trench and also by the help of the Fort could now secure the River draw his Forces round the Town and take order for encamping them and which was as much as all this by reason hereof the prices of all things were abated which the difficulty of transporting before had made so scarce that the Souldiers were much pinched with hunger The Besieged laboured and earnestly strove by breaking down some water to have let in an inundation upon their Enemies but they found means to prevent the same and turned all those Banks which they had gotten from the Townsmen to serve against them for present use But they bending their whole study to procure eruption of the Water made a Cave under their Walls whereby they might drown them unawares and after much slaughter some Ensigns and Prisoners were taken without harm to the Assaylants while they took the Souldiers either idle in their Quarters or sometimes at play at Dice which of late is become the passe-time of Military retirements and leysure or if they were forewarned by the Sallyers out-cryes that a greater number came out they would shun the danger either by fighting at distance and waveringly or else by a lingring and flow retreat The Cannon aid the greatest damage together with Granadoes for against all persons that came towards the City there were empty Baskets set out for blindes as well to hinder their sight as to keep off their Darts notwithstanding all which not onely they that were fain to expose themselves to danger in their continual attendance upon the batteries were slain but also not a few of the Commanders were in like manner killed and among these Rones by whose advice all the noble actions of the Spaniards atchieved in France were managed but that both the Archduke Albertus Fontayne and the Duke of Parma took the glory thereof to themselves by commanding the same things He was by Nation a Lorrayner and of a Noble Family who from the beginning of the French Commotions follow'd the Party and Fortune of Francis de Valois Afterwards the Duke of Guise observing him to be a man no less subtilly politike than truly valiant and one that would not think any thing dishonest that was profitable by great Gifts and Bounty made him his own In these last years he had under-hand discover'd many of the Spanish Counsels to King Henry as if his Affection banded towards him but in truth that he might hide his greater Aims The Office of Camp-Master-General being void by his Death was bestow'd upon Herma● Count Heremberg But to proceed The Townsmen were by their own streights compelled to fight the Banks and Hills round about beholding them with a threatning Aspect for Varas being General of the Ordnance under the Duke had armed all those places with Cannon Thus there was nothing cover'd but their filthy biding places under Ground or which lay under the Covert of the lofty Rampire Count Solmes being wounded with a Shot in the Thigh perform'd the Duties of his Command by Messengers and Conference with the Collonels And Prince Maurice himself from the Neighbouring Shore had an Eye towards all Things so as whoever were wounded or unable to bear Arms being near fifty every day were taken out of the Town and plac'd in Hospitals in the several adjacent Cities and Islands Piron also a Collonel of Zealand by continuall labour and studious vigilancy weakned and fallen sick was licensed to depart Supplies and all other Things necessary for War or Provisions were brought thither also from the same place first by the Care of Ernestus of Nassau and afterwards by Captain Dorpius And the Garrison by little and little increased till there were in the Town 36 Companies and in Nassau's Fort 6 Companies Besides such plenty of Corn that when they could not conveniently keep it within the Town part of it was laid up in the Ships But this was hardly to be indured by the Enemy that Ships should so frequently pass to and fro as in Trade while he lay there in Siege And therefore against the Port they raised severall long Works sometimes extending one way anon turning another way that so they might from thence infest the Haven with their Artillery but for the most part in vain For by the interposition of the Marishes and long distance of place the Shot was spent before it came to the place which it was intended to batter And besides the Enemy lay within reach of the Shot from Nassau Fort. And the flowing of the Sea growing more violent prov'd to them both an hindrance and damage From thence the Italians under the Leading of the Marquess of Trevigiana attaqued the Fortification which Count Solms had lately made before the Gate of the Town looking towards the Camp First they begun with plain and open force of Pioneers but as soon as appearing out of the Trench they found themselves gall'd with Shot presently raising two Breast Works they inclosed their Flanks and then began to shoot furiously and the Italians soon after climbing up to the very bottom of the Fortification were thrown down in Fight from whence again rising