consent_n a_o man_n have_v over_o his_o adopt_a son_n xxvii_o of_o the_o right_a that_o lord_n have_v over_o their_o servant_n xxviii_o how_o far_o this_o right_n extend_v as_o to_o life_n and_o death_n xxix_o what_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n determine_v as_o to_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v unto_o servant_n xxx_o of_o servitude_n there_o be_v divers_a kind_n xxxi_o what_o power_n by_o consent_n one_o nation_n have_v over_o another_o that_o free_o subject_n itself_o xxxii_o what_o right_a be_v acquire_v over_o person_n for_o some_o crime_n commit_v i._o the_o right_n of_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n a_o kind_a of_o right_n may_v be_v gain_v over_o person_n as_o well_o as_o thing_n and_o that_o either_o by_o generation_n by_o consent_n or_o by_o way_n of_o punishment_n for_o some_o delinquency_n by_o generation_n so_o both_o the_o parent_n have_v equal_a right_n over_o their_o child_n yet_o so_o that_o if_o they_o differ_v in_o their_o command_n the_o father_n as_o be_v of_o the_o more_o noble_a sex_n be_v to_o be_v obey_v before_o the_o mother_n of_o this_o mind_n be_v st._n chrysostom_n 11.3_o 1_o cor._n 11.3_o it_o be_v expedient_a say_v he_o that_o the_o wife_n shall_v be_v subject_a unto_o she_o own_o husband_n for_o equality_n in_o honour_n beget_v quarrel_n and_o st._n augustine_n also_o a_o son_n bear_v in_o lawful_a wedlock_n 191._o ep._n 191._o be_v more_o at_o the_o command_n of_o his_o father_n than_o of_o his_o mother_n ii_o this_o right_n differ_v according_a to_o the_o age_n and_o discretion_n of_o their_o child_n in_o child_n we_o must_v distinguish_v their_o three_o different_a time_n the_o first_o be_v that_o of_o their_o infancy_n whilst_o they_o be_v of_o unripe_a judgement_n not_o able_a to_o know_v good_a from_o evil_n not_o to_o distinguish_v truth_n from_o error_n the_o second_o be_v when_o they_o grow_v to_o ripe_a judgement_n but_o yet_o continue_v in_o their_o father_n family_n the_o three_o period_n be_v this_o when_o they_o be_v separate_v from_o their_o father_n and_o have_v family_n of_o their_o own_o during_o the_o first_o of_o these_o all_o the_o action_n of_o the_o child_n ought_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o parent_n for_o it_o be_v but_o equal_a that_o he_o that_o can_v govern_v himself_o shall_v be_v govern_v by_o another_o 6._o vide_fw-la supra_fw-la c._n 3._o §._o 6._o and_o natural_o there_o be_v none_o so_o fit_a to_o govern_v the_o child_n as_o the_o parent_n and_o yet_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n the_o child_n be_v then_o capable_a of_o inherit_v a_o estate_n though_o he_o be_v just_o restrain_v from_o manage_v of_o it_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o immature_n judgement_n this_o be_v plutarch_n observation_n where_o he_o say_v 2._o de_fw-fr fort_fw-fr alex._n lib._n 2._o that_o child_n have_v a_o right_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o not_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o inheritance_n but_o not_o to_o the_o use_n of_o it_o neither_o be_v it_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o all_o that_o be_v the_o child_n shall_v be_v dispose_v of_o by_o the_o parent_n but_o from_o the_o law_n of_o some_o people_n which_o do_v in_o this_o case_n sometime_o distinguish_v the_o father_n from_o the_o mother_n as_o they_o do_v also_o between_o their_o bond_n and_o free_a child_n and_o between_o the_o natural_a issue_n and_o legitimate_a of_o which_o distinction_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n take_v no_o cognizance_n except_o only_o of_o the_o privilege_n of_o sex_n where_o both_o parent_n contend_v who_o shall_v command_v the_o child_n iii_o the_o second_o period_n while_o the_o child_n be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o parent_n family_n in_o the_o second_o period_n when_o the_o child_n judgement_n be_v ripen_v with_o his_o year_n yet_o abide_v in_o his_o father_n house_n those_o action_n of_o the_o child_n only_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o command_n of_o his_o parent_n that_o be_v of_o moment_n to_o the_o well_o order_v of_o the_o estate_n of_o his_o father_n or_o of_o his_o mother_n family_n for_o it_o be_v but_o reasonable_a that_o every_o part_n shall_v endeavour_v the_o welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a but_o in_o his_o other_o action_n he_o have_v a_o moral_a power_n to_o do_v whatsoever_o his_o own_o judgement_n shall_v guide_v he_o to_o provide_v that_o in_o all_o thing_n he_o endeavour_v as_o far_o as_o in_o he_o lie_v to_o please_v his_o parent_n but_o because_o this_o be_v a_o debt_n arise_v not_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o moral_a faculty_n as_o those_o above_o but_o from_o the_o duty_n of_o piety_n reverence_n and_o gratitude_n it_o can_v make_v void_a those_o action_n of_o he_o that_o be_v otherwise_o do_v no_o more_o than_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o avoid_v any_o grant_n or_o gift_n give_v by_o the_o right_a owner_n to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v against_o the_o rule_n of_o parsimony_n iv_o of_o parent_n coercive_a power_n during_o both_o these_o space_n of_o time_n parent_n have_v a_o right_v not_o to_o govern_v only_o but_o to_o punish_v and_o to_o enforce_v obedience_n from_o their_o child_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v either_o compel_v to_o their_o duty_n or_o to_o reform_v what_o be_v amiss_o but_o as_o to_o great_a punishment_n we_o shall_v discourse_v elsewhere_o v._o their_o power_n to_o sell_v they_o although_o the_o paternal_a right_n be_v so_o inherent_a in_o the_o father_n person_n as_o that_o it_o can_v no_o way_n be_v either_o take_v from_o he_o or_o transfer_v to_o another_o yet_o natural_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o restrain_v the_o father_n have_v power_n to_o pawn_v or_o if_o necessity_n so_o require_v to_o sell_v his_o son_n goth._n hist_o goth._n if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o way_n or_o mean_n to_o maintain_v he_o thus_o the_o goth_n as_o jornandes_n record_v solicitous_a of_o their_o child_n safety_n choose_v rather_o to_o preserve_v their_o life_n than_o their_o liberty_n and_o therefore_o in_o compassion_n think_v it_o better_a to_o sell_v they_o to_o be_v keep_v and_o nourish_v as_o slave_n than_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o die_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o freedom_n which_o right_o other_o nation_n seem_v to_o have_v borrow_v from_o that_o old_a theban_a law_n recite_v by_o aelian_a which_o also_o seem_v to_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o phoenician_n 2._o lib._n 2._o and_o also_o from_o the_o hebrew_n and_o by_o they_o to_o the_o grecian_n as_o apollonius_n observe_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o domitian_n for_o nature_n itself_o be_v presume_v to_o give_v we_o a_o right_a to_o all_o that_o without_o which_o that_o which_o she_o command_v can_v be_v obtain_v vi_o their_o power_n over_o they_o when_o separate_a from_o they_o in_o the_o three_o space_n or_o period_n that_o be_v when_o the_o child_n be_v grow_v to_o maturity_n and_o in_o another_o family_n by_o themselves_o then_o they_o be_v free_a to_o do_v what_o please_v themselves_o always_o pay_v the_o duty_n of_o piety_n and_o reverence_n to_o they_o which_o be_v a_o obligation_n never_o to_o be_v cancel_v whence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o act_n of_o king_n be_v not_o therefore_o null_v because_o their_o parent_n be_v live_v vii_o the_o right_n of_o parent_n be_v either_o natural_a or_o civil_a what_o power_n parent_n have_v over_o their_o child_n more_o or_o less_o than_o this_o they_o derive_v from_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n which_o in_o all_o nation_n be_v not_o the_o same_o so_o by_o that_o right_n that_o god_n give_v unto_o the_o hebrew_n the_o power_n of_o a_o father_n to_o null_a the_o vow_n of_o his_o son_n and_o daughter_n be_v not_o perpetual_a but_o only_o during_o their_o abode_n in_o their_o father_n family_n as_o may_v appear_v numb_a 30.2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o verses_z for_o otherwise_o the_o son_n be_v part_v from_o his_o father_n have_v power_n at_o thirteen_o year_n of_o age_n to_o bind_v himself_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parent_n the_o roman_a citizen_n be_v father_n have_v a_o peculiar_a power_n over_o their_o son_n though_o they_o be_v head_n of_o their_o own_o family_n 3._o the_o roman_n give_v as_o much_o power_n over_o their_o son_n as_o over_o slave_n pyrrhoniorum_fw-la 3._o before_o they_o be_v make_v free_a which_o power_n they_o themselves_o confess_v that_o other_o people_n have_v not_o over_o they_o so_o say_v sextus_n empericus_n the_o roman_a lawgiver_n give_v as_o much_o power_n to_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n as_o over_o their_o slave_n for_o the_o good_n of_o the_o child_n be_v not_o repute_v they_o but_o their_o parent_n until_o they_o be_v manumit_v in_o the_o very_a same_o manner_n as_o their_o slave_n be_v which_o other_o lawmaker_n reject_v as_o tyrannical_a the_o like_a do_v philo_n record_v of_o they_o all_o manner_n of_o power_n over_o the_o son_n be_v by_o the_o roman_n give_v to_o the_o father_n
faciat_fw-la non_fw-la voluntas_fw-la as_o if_o it_o be_v the_o sex_n that_o make_v the_o crime_n not_o the_o will_n but_o with_o we_o what_o be_v unlawful_a for_o woman_n be_v equal_o unlawful_a for_o man_n the_o same_o yoke_n bind_v both_o to_o the_o like_a condition_n there_o be_v some_o that_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o our_o bless_a saviour_n in_o the_o forecited_n place_n objection_n namely_o mat._n 5.32_o and_o mat._n 19.9_o do_v not_o ordain_v a_o new_a law_n but_o only_o restore_v the_o old_a aledge_v for_o themselves_o the_o very_a word_n of_o our_o saviour_n which_o seem_v to_o reduce_v 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o original_a institution_n ab_fw-la initio_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la sic_fw-la from_o the_o beginning_n it_o be_v not_o so_o whereunto_o we_o may_v answer_v answer_v that_o from_o our_o first_o condition_n when_o god_n to_o one_o man_n give_v but_o one_o woman_n we_o may_v well_o collect_v what_o be_v best_a for_o man_n and_o what_o most_o acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o to_o walk_v by_o the_o same_o rule_n be_v ever_o most_o safe_a and_o commendable_a but_o we_o can_v from_o thence_o infer_v that_o to_o have_v many_o wife_n be_v sinful_a for_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o can_v be_v no_o transgression_n but_o in_o those_o time_n there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n extant_a so_o also_o when_o god_n say_v whether_o by_o adam_n or_o by_o moses_n that_o this_o league_n of_o matrimony_n be_v so_o sacred_a and_o strict_a that_o the_o husband_n be_v oblige_v to_o separate_v himself_o from_o his_o father_n house_n and_o together_o with_o his_o wife_n plant_v another_o family_n it_o be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v say_v to_o pharaoh_n daughter_n psal_n 45.11_o forget_v also_o thy_o own_o people_n and_o thy_o father_n house_n and_o although_o we_o may_v collect_v from_o this_o strong_a consignation_n how_o acceptable_a it_o will_v be_v to_o god_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v perpetual_a yet_o it_o can_v from_o hence_o be_v evince_v that_o even_o than_o it_o be_v command_v that_o this_o knot_n shall_v not_o be_v abraham_n lib._n 1._o c._n 14._o de_fw-fr abraham_n for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o dissolve_v st._n ambrose_n in_o the_o case_n of_o polygamy_n distinguish_v that_o which_o god_n commend_v in_o paradise_n from_o condemn_v the_o contrary_a but_o christ_n forbid_v any_o man_n to_o separate_v those_o who_o god_n by_o his_o first_o institution_n do_v conjoin_v make_v that_o a_o matter_n worthy_a of_o his_o new_a law_n 4._o grat._n c._n 33._o q._n 4._o which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v best_a for_o man_n and_o most_o acceptable_a to_o god_n 2._o most_o nation_n tolerate_v divorce_n and_o polygamy_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la germ._n herodian_a l._n 2._o certain_a it_o be_v that_o most_o nation_n in_o ancient_a time_n do_v both_o indulge_v unto_o themselves_o the_o liberty_n of_o divorce_n and_o also_o of_o enjoy_v plurality_n of_o wife_n of_o all_o barbarous_a nation_n the_o german_n be_v well_o nigh_o the_o only_a people_n record_v by_o tacitus_n that_o be_v content_v with_o one_o wife_n but_o the_o persian_a indian_a and_o thracian_a history_n do_v clear_o testify_v the_o lawfulness_n among_o they_o both_o of_o polygamy_n and_o divorce_n among_o the_o egyptian_n their_o priest_n only_o be_v restrain_v to_o one_o wife_n and_o among_o the_o grecian_n as_o athenaeus_n tell_v we_o cecrops_n be_v the_o first_o that_o allow_v to_o one_o man_n but_o one_o wife_n and_o yet_o that_o this_o be_v no_o long-lived_a practice_n among_o the_o athenian_n we_o be_v teach_v by_o the_o example_n of_o socrates_n and_o other_o and_o if_o haply_o any_o people_n do_v live_v more_o abstemious_o as_o the_o roman_n who_o never_o admit_v of_o bigamy_n nor_o in_o a_o long_a time_n of_o divorce_n they_o be_v certain_o high_o to_o be_v commend_v in_o that_o they_o draw_v near_o unto_o that_o which_o be_v most_o perfect_a and_o yet_o will_v it_o not_o hence_o follow_v that_o they_o who_o do_v otherwise_o before_o the_o promulgation_n of_o the_o christian_a law_n do_v therein_o sin_n for_o as_o st._n augustine_n right_o observe_v observe_v contr._n faust_n lib._n 22_o c._n 47._o every_o nation_n have_v its_o several_a qualites_fw-la wherein_o they_o differ_v no_o less_o than_o in_o their_o peculiar_a language_n which_o disagree_v condition_n to_o govern_v apt_o no_o one_o and_o the_o same_o law_n can_v suffice_v the_o most_o high_a god_n permit_v some_o thing_n in_o the_o israelite_n for_o the_o hardness_n of_o their_o heart_n which_o be_v not_o consonant_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o perfection_n where_o therefore_o nature_n or_o custom_n have_v entertain_v a_o vicious_a yet_o not_o intolerable_a habit_n with_o so_o long_a and_o public_a approbation_n that_o the_o opposite_a virtue_n will_v seem_v as_o uncouth_a as_o it_o will_v be_v to_o walk_v naked_a in_o england_n there_o may_v a_o wise_a and_o upright_a lawgiver_n conceal_v for_o a_o while_o his_o inward_a dislike_n till_o time_n make_v way_n for_o a_o more_o complete_a reformation_n est_fw-la aliquid_fw-la prodire_fw-la tenus_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la detur_fw-la ultra_fw-la for_o want_v of_o discretion_n in_o this_o case_n the_o kingdom_n of_o congo_n in_o africa_n be_v unhappy_o divert_v from_o christianity_n which_o it_o willing_o at_o first_o embrace_v but_o afterward_o with_o great_a indignation_n reject_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n 63._o see_v rawl_n p._n 293._o see_v 2_o chron._n 30.18_o 19_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n p._n 63._o but_o because_o plurality_n of_o wife_n be_v i_o know_v not_o how_o necessary_o but_o i_o be_o sure_a more_o contentious_o than_o seasonable_o deny_v unto_o they_o for_o where_o a_o vice_n can_v be_v root_v out_o without_o the_o ruin_n of_o a_o state_n it_o be_v acceptable_a to_o god_n for_o a_o time_n to_o connive_v at_o it_o quando_fw-la mos_fw-la erat_fw-la crimen_fw-la non_fw-la erat_fw-la while_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n it_o be_v no_o crime_n at_o least_o not_o impute_v as_o so_o x._o what_o marriage_n be_v justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n now_o let_v we_o see_v what_o marriage_n be_v good_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o direct_v our_o judgement_n herein_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o not_o everything_o that_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v make_v void_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n as_o appear_v by_o thing_n prodigal_o give_v away_o but_o those_o only_o wherein_o that_o principle_n be_v want_v which_o shall_v give_v life_n and_o vigour_n to_o the_o act_n or_o in_o which_o all_o its_o effect_n be_v vitiate_a and_o taint_v now_o that_o principle_n which_o give_v life_n to_o this_o and_o all_o other_o humane_a act_n be_v that_o right_n which_o we_o expound_v to_o be_v a_o moral_a power_n or_o faculty_n to_o do_v it_o together_o with_o a_o will_v sufficient_o declare_v but_o what_o will_n may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v a_o right_n we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o declare_v more_o full_o when_o we_o shall_v discourse_v of_o promise_n in_o general_n nature_n whether_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n be_v requisite_a to_o a_o perfect_a marriage_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o concern_v this_o moral_a power_n the_o first_o question_n be_v whether_o the_o consent_n of_o parent_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n requisite_a to_o a_o perfect_a marriage_n which_o some_o affirm_v but_o herein_o they_o be_v mistake_v for_o all_o their_o argument_n do_v enforce_v no_o more_o than_o this_o that_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o duty_n they_o owe_v to_o their_o parent_n to_o crave_v their_o consent_n which_o we_o shall_v easy_o grant_v they_o provide_v that_o the_o will_n of_o their_o parent_n be_v not_o manifest_o unjust_a for_o if_o child_n be_v to_o reverence_v their_o parent_n in_o all_o thing_n sure_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v it_o most_o especial_o in_o such_o thing_n wherein_o the_o whole_a nation_n be_v concern_v as_o in_o marriage_n and_o yet_o it_o can_v hence_o be_v infer_v that_o a_o son_n have_v not_o a_o moral_a right_o to_o dispose_v of_o himself_o if_o they_o consent_v not_o for_o he_o that_o marry_v aught_o to_o be_v of_o mature_a age_n and_o judgement_n and_o he_o be_v to_o forsake_v his_o father_n house_n so_o that_o he_o be_v herein_o exempt_v from_o his_o father_n domestic_a discipline_n and_o become_v from_o thence_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d master_n of_o himself_o and_o although_o the_o duty_n of_o love_n and_o reverence_n do_v oblige_v he_o to_o ask_v the_o good_a will_n of_o his_o parent_n yet_o do_v not_o the_o breach_n of_o that_o duty_n null_a the_o act_n of_o his_o marriage_n that_o the_o roman_n and_o such_o other_o nation_n do_v make_v void_a such_o marriage_n be_v not_o from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n but_o from_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lawmaker_n for_o by_o the_o same_o law_n the_o mother_n to_o who_o
that_o they_o always_o precede_v in_o such_o council_n as_o be_v call_v concern_v christian_n affair_n who_o first_o profess_v themselves_o christian_n as_o aeneas_n silvius_n record_v in_o his_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o basil_n xxii_o where_o divers_a society_n claim_v unequal_a share_n how_o vote_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v but_o yet_o so_o often_o as_o the_o ground_n and_o main_a reason_n of_o enter_v into_o this_o society_n be_v the_o preservation_n of_o something_o hold_v by_o they_o in_o common_a but_o not_o in_o equal_a proportion_n as_o in_o a_o inheritance_n or_o in_o a_o field_n wherein_o one_o have_v half_a another_o a_o three_o another_o a_o four_o part_n than_o not_o only_o the_o order_n but_o the_o suffrage_n of_o that_o assembly_n shall_v be_v not_o by_o the_o plurality_n of_o single_a vote_n but_o by_o the_o proportion_n that_o they_o several_o have_v in_o the_o thing_n hold_v in_o common_a which_o as_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a to_o natural_a equity_n so_o it_o be_v approve_v of_o by_o the_o roman_a law_n so_o strabo_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o lybica_n with_o three_o other_o adjoin_a city_n do_v unite_v themselves_o as_o it_o be_v in_o one_o body_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o each_o of_o the_o three_o be_v to_o have_v one_o voice_n but_o lybica_n two_o because_o it_o contribute_v much_o more_o to_o the_o common_a benefit_n than_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o lycia_n there_o be_v twenty_o three_o city_n combine_v whereof_o some_o have_v three_o voice_n some_o two_o and_o some_o but_o one_o 9_o fol._n l._n 3._o c._n 9_o and_z according_o all_o charge_n be_v divide_v and_o pay_v and_o this_o be_v but_o just_a say_v aristotle_n if_o the_o defence_n of_o their_o common_a possession_n be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o their_o consociation_n xxiii_o the_o right_a of_o society_n over_o their_o citizen_n of_o all_o society_n that_o of_o divers_a master_n of_o family_n embody_v in_o one_o city_n or_o nation_n as_o it_o be_v the_o most_o perfect_a so_o it_o give_v a_o great_a right_a or_o power_n to_o the_o whole_a over_o every_o part_n thereof_o than_o any_o other_o society_n whatsoever_o neither_o be_v there_o any_o outward_a act_n do_v by_o any_o one_o citizen_n but_o what_o either_o by_o itself_o do_v or_o by_o circumstance_n may_v refer_v to_o the_o conservation_n of_o that_o society_n for_o as_o aristotle_n tell_v we_o the_o law_n do_v rule_v we_o in_o thing_n of_o all_o sort_n xxiv_o whether_o citizen_n may_v desert_v their_o city_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v question_v whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o citizen_n to_o forsake_v their_o city_n without_o leave_n give_v there_o be_v a_o ancient_a custom_n say_v servius_n that_o he_o that_o transplant_v himself_o into_o another_o family_n or_o nation_n do_v first_o renounce_v that_o wherein_o he_o former_o dwell_v and_o then_o be_v receive_v and_o true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o some_o country_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o forsake_v the_o city_n without_o leave_n as_o in_o the_o city_n of_o moscow_n 13._o mariana_n liâ—_n 28._o c._n 13._o neither_o do_v i_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o a_o civil_a society_n to_o be_v enter_v into_o under_o some_o such_o agreement_n and_o that_o custom_n may_v introduce_v the_o force_n of_o such_o a_o agreement_n yet_o by_o the_o latter_a roman_a law_n it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o citizen_n to_o remove_v his_o habitation_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o he_o stand_v still_o oblige_v to_o execute_v such_o office_n in_o the_o city_n as_o shall_v be_v impose_v on_o he_o neither_o be_v these_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a territory_n and_o special_a care_n be_v take_v by_o the_o law_n itself_o that_o they_o shall_v pay_v their_o contribution_n but_o set_v aside_o these_o municipal_a law_n and_o constitution_n let_v we_o discuss_v this_o question_n according_a to_o natural_a right_n and_o that_o not_o of_o any_o one_o part_n but_o of_o the_o whole_a city_n though_o under_o the_o supreme_a dominion_n of_o one_o person_n and_o sure_o that_o they_o can_v recede_v by_o flock_n or_o great_a company_n be_v easy_o collect_v from_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o end_n which_o in_o moral_a thing_n be_v able_a to_o create_v a_o right_n for_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v lawful_a there_o may_v instant_o follow_v a_o dissolution_n of_o that_o civil_a society_n zonoras_n speak_v of_o king_n lazus_n who_o revolt_v from_o the_o persian_n to_o the_o roman_n make_v it_o the_o cause_n of_o a_o just_a war_n between_o the_o persian_n and_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o roman_a general_n have_v draw_v unto_o himself_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n but_o as_o touch_v the_o departure_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n from_o a_o city_n it_o be_v much_o otherwise_o as_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o draw_v water_n out_o of_o a_o river_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o turn_v the_o course_n of_o it_o every_o citizen_n say_v triphonius_n be_v free_a either_o to_o stay_v in_o or_o to_o depart_v from_o his_o own_o city_n and_o cicero_n in_o his_o oration_n for_o baldus_n commend_v this_o law_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v enforce_v to_o stay_v in_o a_o city_n against_o his_o will_n and_o this_o he_o lay_v down_o as_o the_o foundation_n of_o liberty_n that_o every_o freeman_n have_v absolute_a power_n over_o himself_o liberty_n to_o live_v where_o we_o please_v be_v the_o foundation_n of_o liberty_n either_o to_o remain_v in_o it_o or_o to_o recede_v from_o it_o and_o yet_o herein_o also_o we_o be_v to_o submit_v to_o natural_a equity_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n that_o the_o roman_n walk_v by_o in_o dissolve_v private_a society_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a when_o the_o public_a be_v damnify_v by_o it_o for_o as_o proculus_n right_o observe_v always_o not_o that_o which_o be_v profitable_a to_o some_o one_o of_o a_o society_n be_v usual_o to_o be_v observe_v but_o what_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o whole_a but_o it_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o whole_a society_n that_o in_o case_n any_o great_a public_a debt_n be_v contract_v no_o citizen_n shall_v forsake_v the_o city_n unless_o he_o have_v first_o pay_v his_o proportion_n of_o it_o also_o if_o upon_o confidence_n of_o the_o number_n of_o their_o citizen_n they_o have_v begin_v a_o war_n but_o especial_o if_o they_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v besiege_v no_o citizen_n ought_v to_o forsake_v the_o city_n till_o he_o have_v first_o provide_v a_o person_n as_o able_a as_o himself_o to_o defend_v the_o commonwealth_n but_o unless_o it_o be_v in_o these_o case_n only_o it_o be_v probable_a enough_o that_o the_o people_n do_v give_v their_o consent_n that_o any_o citizen_n may_v free_o depart_v because_o even_o from_o this_o liberty_n they_o may_v make_v no_o less_o advantage_n to_o themselves_o some_o other_o way_n xxv_o a_o city_n have_v no_o power_n over_o she_o banish_v so_o likewise_o no_o city_n can_v have_v any_o right_n over_o those_o who_o she_o have_v banish_v as_o we_o shall_v show_v anon_o *_o the_o heraclidae_fw-la be_v banish_v argos_n by_o euristeus_n and_o afterward_o persecute_v by_o he_o do_v thus_o plead_v by_o their_o advocate_n jolaus_fw-la by_o what_o right_o do_v he_o prosecute_v we_o now_o who_o he_o banish_v his_o city_n for_o now_o we_o be_v no_o subject_n of_o he_o and_o alcibiades_n his_o son_n speak_v of_o the_o time_n of_o his_o father_n banishment_n tell_v the_o athenian_n 41._o lib._n 3._o c._n 20._o §._o 41._o that_o the_o welfare_n of_o their_o city_n do_v nothing_o concern_v his_o father_n so_o likewise_o nicetas_n speak_v of_o isaac_n angelus_n say_v it_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n for_o any_o man_n to_o court_n and_o flatter_v his_o enemy_n that_o be_v but_o sensible_a that_o his_o own_o countryman_n do_v persecute_v he_o as_o their_o enemy_n but_o now_o the_o consociation_n of_o several_a nation_n whether_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o governor_n be_v call_v league_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o effect_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o speak_v when_o we_o shall_v treat_v of_o obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o contract_n and_o agreement_n xxvi_o what_o right_o a_o man_n have_v over_o his_o adopt_a son_n there_o be_v also_o voluntary_a subjection_n and_o those_o either_o private_a or_o public_a the_o private_a vary_v according_a to_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o government_n that_o which_o be_v most_o noble_a be_v that_o of_o arrogation_n or_o adoption_n whereby_o a_o man_n translate_v himself_o into_o the_o family_n of_o another_o so_o as_o he_o behave_v himself_o with_o that_o duty_n and_o reverence_n as_o a_o son_n of_o mature_a age_n shall_v do_v roward_n his_o own_o parent_n no_o father_n can_v possible_o transfer_v his_o paternal_a right_n over_o his_o son_n to_o another_o man_n so_o full_o as_o to_o be_v
parent_n to_o love_v their_o child_n than_o for_o child_n their_o parent_n and_o that_o also_o of_o aristotle_n that_o which_o beget_v be_v always_o better_o affect_v to_o the_o thing_n beget_v than_o that_o which_o be_v beget_v can_v be_v to_o the_o begetter_n for_o that_o be_v proper_o say_v to_o be_v our_o own_o which_o derive_v its_o be_v from_o we_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o without_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o first_o succession_n to_o the_o good_n of_o the_o parent_n be_v transmit_v to_o their_o child_n it_o be_v presume_v that_o next_o after_o themselves_o they_o will_v that_o those_o bear_v of_o they_o as_o be_v part_n of_o their_o own_o body_n shall_v be_v plentiful_o supply_v with_o all_o thing_n not_o only_o necessary_a for_o life_n but_o for_o a_o more_o honest_a and_o comfortable_a livelihood_n insomuch_o that_o be_v all_o humane_a law_n asleep_o yet_o as_o paulus_n the_o lawyer_n observe_v will_v natural_a reason_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o silent_a law_n adjudge_v the_o father_n inheritance_n unto_o his_o child_n and_o invest_v they_o in_o it_o as_o their_o due_a by_o a_o undoubted_a succession_n but_o yet_o as_o papinianus_n note_n can_v parent_n claim_v the_o estate_n of_o their_o child_n by_o the_o same_o right_n as_o child_n do_v the_o inheritance_n of_o their_o parent_n for_o parent_n be_v admit_v to_o their_o child_n good_n mere_o out_o of_o commiseration_n but_o child_n to_o the_o estate_n of_o their_o parent_n by_o the_o common_a vote_n that_o be_v both_o of_o nature_n and_o of_o their_o parent_n philo_z in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o the_o life_n of_o moses_n give_v this_o reason_n why_o moses_n make_v no_o provision_n for_o parent_n out_o of_o their_o child_n estate_n because_o see_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v provide_v that_o child_n shall_v succeed_v their_o parent_n in_o their_o estate_n and_o not_o parent_n their_o child_n therefore_o do_v moses_n pass_v over_o in_o silence_n what_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o desire_n of_o all_o parent_n and_o may_v prove_v unlucky_a hence_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o parent_n descend_v upon_o their_o child_n by_o a_o twofold_a right_n partly_o as_o a_o mere_a debt_n of_o nature_n and_o partly_o out_o of_o a_o natural_a conjecture_n that_o it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o their_o parent_n that_o their_o own_o child_n shall_v be_v best_o provide_v for_o 9_o lib._n 5._o c._n 9_o sanguini_fw-la honorem_fw-la relinquit_fw-la say_v val._n max._n of_o quintus_n hortensius_n his_o honour_n he_o bequeath_v to_o his_o blood_n for_o though_o he_o detest_v the_o wicked_a life_n of_o his_o son_n yet_o die_v ne_o ordinem_fw-la naturae_fw-la confunderet_fw-la non_fw-la nepotes_fw-la sed_fw-la filium_fw-la haeredem_fw-la scripsit_fw-la to_o preserve_v the_o order_n of_o nature_n he_o make_v his_o son_n and_o not_o his_o nephew_n heir_n to_o his_o estate_n think_v it_o enough_o that_o he_o have_v declare_v his_o dislike_n of_o his_o son_n ill_a manner_n while_o he_o live_v and_o therefore_o die_a ib._n ib._n he_o leave_v he_o the_o honour_n due_a to_o his_o blood_n the_o like_a he_o record_v of_o fulvius_n who_o cause_v his_o own_o son_n to_o be_v apprehend_v for_o conspire_v his_o death_n do_v not_o only_o forbear_v to_o prosecute_v he_o while_o he_o live_v but_o die_v dominum_fw-la omnium_fw-la esse_fw-la voluit_fw-la quem_fw-la genuerat_fw-la haeredem_fw-la iâ—â—â—ituens_fw-la non_fw-la quem_fw-la fuerat_fw-la expertus_fw-la make_v he_o heir_n of_o all_o he_o have_v regard_v his_o birth_n and_o blood_n and_o not_o his_o crime_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o of_o st._n paul_n child_n do_v not_o lay_v up_o for_o their_o parent_n 12.14_o 2_o cor._n 12.14_o but_o parent_n for_o their_o child_n vi_o of_o representative_a succession_n now_o because_o it_o be_v thus_o natural_a and_o ordinary_a for_o parent_n to_o take_v care_n of_o their_o child_n education_n therefore_o while_o they_o live_v there_o lie_v no_o obligation_n upon_o the_o grand_a parent_n to_o give_v they_o maintenance_n yet_o in_o case_n the_o father_n or_o the_o mother_n die_v or_o be_v otherwise_o disable_v than_o it_o be_v a_o duty_n which_o in_o all_o equity_n the_o parent_n of_o the_o decease_a son_n or_o daughter_n be_v oblige_v unto_o to_o see_v their_o nephew_n or_o niece_n virtuous_o bring_v up_o and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v the_o same_o duty_n incumbent_a on_o the_o parent_n of_o more_o remote_a degree_n if_o these_o fail_n and_o from_o hence_o arise_v the_o right_a of_o the_o nephew_n to_o inherit_v the_o estate_n instead_o of_o a_o decease_a son_n as_o ulpian_n speak_v which_o give_v occasion_n to_o that_o hebrew_n saying_n filius_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o sepulchro_fw-la succedit_fw-la that_o the_o son_n succeed_v though_o in_o his_o grave_n because_o filii_fw-la filiorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la quasi_fw-la silij_fw-la the_o son_n of_o that_o dead_a son_n be_v repute_v son_n and_o as_o modestinus_n speak_v shall_v fill_v up_o the_o vacant_a place_n of_o their_o dead_a father_n justinian_n think_v nothing_o more_o unreasonable_a than_o this_o that_o the_o nephew_n shall_v succeed_v instead_o of_o the_o decease_a father_n in_o the_o estate_n of_o his_o grandfather_n in_o case_n he_o die_v intestate_a and_o this_o kind_n of_o vice-succession_n our_o modern_a civilian_n do_v affect_o call_v representative_a when_o the_o son_n claim_v a_o estate_n by_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o their_o father_n be_v dead_a and_o that_o that_o manner_n of_o right_n be_v approve_v of_o among_o the_o hebrew_n the_o division_n of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n among_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v as_o our_o son_n and_o daughter_n be_v near_a unto_o we_o in_o blood_n so_o be_v those_o who_o be_v bear_v of_o either_o of_o they_o as_o demosthenes_n observe_v in_o his_o oration_n against_o macartatus_n vii_o abdication_n or_o exheredation_n what_o we_o have_v hitherto_o say_v concern_v the_o right_n of_o succession_n arise_v from_o our_o conjecture_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o intestate_a be_v of_o force_n if_o there_o appear_v no_o certain_a sign_n that_o he_o be_v otherwise_o mind_v such_o in_o the_o first_o place_n be_v among_o the_o grecian_n a_o abdication_n or_o a_o manifest_a renounce_n or_o cast_v off_o of_o the_o person_n claim_v and_o among_o the_o roman_n a_o open_a disinherit_n of_o he_o yet_o so_o that_o if_o that_o person_n do_v not_o by_o his_o crime_n deserve_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n he_o be_v to_o be_v allow_v sufficient_a to_o sustain_v nature_n for_o the_o reason_n aforesaid_a viii_o the_o right_n of_o bastard_n and_o here_o we_o may_v add_v another_o exception_n to_o this_o general_a rule_n that_o be_v if_o it_o do_v not_o sufficient_o appear_v that_o such_o a_o son_n or_o daughter_n be_v beget_v by_o he_o but_o yet_o we_o know_v that_o of_o such_o matter_n of_o fact_n there_o can_v be_v no_o certain_a knowledge_n but_o of_o such_o act_n as_o be_v public_o do_v before_o man_n there_o may_v be_v some_o certainty_n upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o such_o as_o behold_v they_o in_o which_o sense_n the_o mother_n may_v be_v certain_a that_o the_o child_n be_v she_o by_o those_o who_o be_v present_a at_o its_o birth_n and_o education_n but_o thus_o certain_o can_v a_o father_n be_v which_o homer_n first_o and_o after_o he_o menander_n thus_o intimate_v know_v direct_o no_o man_n can_v from_o what_o stock_n himself_o first_o spring_v and_o so_o in_o another_o place_n he_o thus_o distinguish_v between_o the_o parent_n father_n do_v love_v their_o child_n mother_n dote_v she_o know_v they_o she_o but_o this_o he_o take_v by_o rote_n therefore_o some_o way_n be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v find_v whereby_o it_o may_v probable_o appear_v who_o the_o father_n of_o every_o child_n be_v and_o this_o be_v marriage_n take_v in_o its_o natural_a term_n that_o be_v for_o such_o a_o cohabitation_n as_o place_v the_o woman_n under_o the_o custody_n or_o safeguard_n of_o the_o man_n but_o whether_o by_o this_o or_o some_o other_o way_n the_o true_a father_n of_o the_o child_n be_v know_v or_o that_o any_o man_n do_v own_o the_o child_n as_o he_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o child_n as_o well_o as_o that_o bear_v in_o marriage_n shall_v inherit_v neither_o be_v this_o strange_a see_v that_o we_o see_v mere_a stranger_n be_v adopt_v for_o son_n to_o succeed_v in_o the_o jnheritance_n only_o by_o conjecture_n at_o the_o owner_n will_n and_o the_o nephew_n instead_o of_o the_o father_n as_o old_a jacob_n adopt_v ephraim_n and_o manasses_n into_o the_o number_n of_o his_o son_n in_o the_o stead_n of_o their_o father_n joseph_n but_o our_o natural_a issue_n be_v difference_v from_o our_o legitimate_a by_o law_n only_o so_o euripides_n bastard_n no_o less_o than_o those_o in_o wedlock_n bear_v be_v we_o although_o by_o law_n
do_v even_o the_o balance_n and_o which_o he_o there_o call_v commutative_a but_o these_o require_v yet_o a_o more_o strict_a disquisition_n i_o say_v then_o that_o every_o punishment_n respect_v the_o good_a either_o of_o the_o person_n punish_v or_o of_o the_o person_n injure_v or_o of_o every_o man_n indistinct_o the_o first_o of_o these_o aim_n at_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o person_n punish_v and_o be_v call_v by_o philosopher_n sometime_o reformation_n sometime_o satisfaction_n and_o sometime_o admonition_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n call_v it_o a_o punishment_n ordain_v for_o reformation_n and_o plato_n to_o teach_v we_o prudence_n plutarch_n the_o soul_n empiric_n whereby_o she_o be_v amend_v and_o make_v better_a as_o by_o physic_n which_o work_v by_o contrary_n for_o because_o all_o humane_a act_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v frequent_a and_o deliberate_a do_v beget_v a_o proneness_n in_o nature_n unto_o the_o same_o which_o at_o length_n turn_v into_o a_o habit_n therefore_o if_o such_o a_o act_n be_v vicious_a we_o must_v as_o soon_o as_o we_o can_v take_v away_o all_o allurement_n and_o provocation_n thereunto_o which_o can_v by_o any_o mean_v more_o proper_o be_v do_v than_o by_o allay_v the_o sweetness_n of_o the_o sin_n by_o the_o sharpness_n of_o the_o punishment_n the_o platonist_n as_o apuleius_n testify_v hold_v that_o there_o be_v no_o punishment_n so_o severe_a as_o to_o go_v unpunished_a 3._o ann._n 3._o and_o tacitus_n will_v instruct_v we_o that_o the_o corrupter_n and_o the_o corrupt_a the_o sick_a and_o the_o distemper_a mind_n be_v to_o be_v restrain_v with_o no_o gentle_a medicine_n than_o be_v those_o very_a lust_n that_o inflame_v they_o and_o therefore_o as_o a_o tender_a mother_n imbitter_v the_o nipple_n when_o she_o wean_v her_o infant_n 2._o sen._n de_fw-fr ira_fw-la lib._n 2._o or_o as_o a_o skilful_a chirurgeon_n lance_v burn_v and_o scarify_v his_o patient_n who_o he_o intend_v to_o cure_v so_o it_o be_v the_o duty_n of_o a_o prudent_a magistrate_n corrigendo_fw-la mederi_fw-la to_o reclaim_v and_o reform_v a_o malefactor_n by_o sharp_a but_o seasonable_a punishment_n vii_o 1._o to_o the_o offender_n now_o the_o punishment_n that_o serve_v to_o this_o end_n may_v lawful_o be_v inflict_v by_o any_o man_n that_o be_v prudent_a and_o judicious_a and_o not_o guilty_a of_o the_o same_o or_o of_o the_o like_a fault_n especial_o if_o it_o be_v verbal_a only_o as_o will_v appear_v by_o that_o in_o plautus_n amicum_fw-la castigare_fw-la ob_fw-la meritam_fw-la noxiam_fw-la immune_fw-la est_fw-la facinus_fw-la verum_fw-la in_o aetate_fw-la utile_fw-la a_o friend_n to_o chide_v for_o what_o unjust_a appear_v be_v blameless_a sure_a but_o most_o in_o man_n of_o year_n but_o if_o it_o be_v by_o stripe_n or_o any_o other_o forceable_a mean_n then_o be_v it_o not_o equal_o lawful_a for_o every_o man_n yet_o do_v not_o this_o difference_n between_o person_n lawful_o or_o unlawful_o punish_v arise_v from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n neither_o indeed_o can_v it_o but_o that_o reason_n peculiar_o commend_v the_o free_a exercise_n of_o this_o right_n to_o parent_n over_o their_o child_n because_o they_o be_v so_o dear_o affect_v towards_o they_o but_o from_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n which_o to_o preserve_v love_n among_o neighbour_n and_o to_o prevent_v strife_n and_o discord_n do_v restrain_v this_o common_a duty_n and_o confine_v it_o to_o the_o near_a of_o kin_n as_o appear_v as_o well_o by_o the_o code_o of_o justinian_n under_o this_o title_n de_fw-fr emendatione_fw-la propinquorum_fw-la as_o elsewhere_o apposite_a hereunto_o be_v that_o of_o xenophon_n to_o his_o soldier_n if_o i_o shall_v strike_v any_o man_n for_o his_o good_a i_o confess_v i_o thereby_o deserve_v a_o punishment_n but_o no_o other_o than_o parent_n do_v from_o their_o child_n or_o master_n from_o their_o scholar_n for_o even_o physician_n sometime_o lance_n cup_n and_o scarify_v their_o patient_n when_o otherwise_o they_o can_v cure_v they_o god_n himself_o say_v lactantius_n command_v we_o to_o keep_v a_o strict_a hand_n over_o our_o child_n that_o be_v to_o chastise_v they_o as_o often_o as_o they_o transgress_v lest_o by_o overmuch_a fondness_n and_o indulgence_n they_o prove_v ill_o nurture_v and_o contract_n unto_o themselves_o vicious_a habit_n but_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n never_o reach_v unto_o death_n because_o death_n take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o reformation_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o reduction_n whereby_o negative_n be_v reduce_v to_o their_o opposite_a positives_n 14.21_o mark_n 14.21_o as_o in_o that_o speech_n of_o our_o saviour_n it_o have_v be_v better_a for_o some_o that_o they_o have_v never_o be_v bear_v that_o be_v it_o have_v be_v less_o evil_a for_o they_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o incorrigible_a sinner_n it_o be_v better_o for_o they_o that_o be_v less_o evil_a for_o they_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v jamblichus_n de_fw-fr ira._n c._n 5._o interest_n pereuntium_fw-la ut_fw-la pereant_fw-la jamblichus_n and_o of_o such_o it_o be_v that_o seneca_n mean_v when_o he_o say_v that_o sometime_o it_o be_v good_a for_o they_o that_o die_v that_o they_o do_v die_v as_o when_o a_o tumour_n or_o imposthume_n be_v grow_v to_o suppuration_n better_o it_o be_v to_o burn_v a_o hole_n thereby_o to_o discharge_v part_n of_o that_o impostumate_v matter_n than_o long_a to_o imprison_v it_o so_o for_o a_o man_n that_o be_v past_a hope_n and_o desperate_o wicked_a it_o be_v better_a for_o he_o to_o die_v than_o to_o live_v for_o as_o plutarch_n speak_v of_o such_o they_o be_v noxious_a to_o other_o but_o most_o to_o themselves_o so_o galen_n when_o he_o have_v say_v that_o some_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o death_n first_o to_o prevent_v the_o mischief_n they_o will_v do_v be_v they_o suffer_v to_o live_v next_o that_o by_o their_o death_n other_o may_v be_v forewarn_v add_v in_o the_o last_o place_n that_o it_o be_v expedient_a even_o for_o themselves_o to_o die_v be_v so_o whole_o corrupt_v in_o mind_n and_o manner_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o reclaim_v they_o some_o there_o be_v who_o think_v that_o st._n john_n speak_v of_o such_o man_n when_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sin_n unto_o death_n 1_o john_n 5.16_o 5.16_o 1_o john_n 5.16_o and_o st._n chrysostome_n speak_v of_o such_o say_v that_o they_o be_v like_o man_n irrecoverable_o sick_a so_o julian_n of_o constantius_n see_v that_o there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o offence_n some_o that_o be_v corrigible_a as_o not_o despise_v the_o mean_n of_o their_o cure_n other_o of_o man_n desperate_o wicked_a and_o incorrigible_a for_o these_o the_o law_n have_v find_v out_o a_o remedy_n by_o death_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o wickedness_n not_o so_o much_o for_o their_o own_o as_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o other_o but_o because_o no_o argument_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o prove_v this_o but_o what_o be_v fallacious_a therefore_o in_o very_a charity_n we_o be_v not_o rash_o to_o judge_v any_o man_n case_n to_o be_v desperate_a and_o therefore_o this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n i_o mean_v by_o death_n be_v seldom_o inflict_v to_o this_o end_n namely_o for_o emendation_n viii_o to_o he_o against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v we_o some_o resemblance_n of_o this_o there_o be_v in_o some_o beast_n pliny_n record_v it_o of_o the_o lion_n that_o in_o poenam_fw-la adulterae_fw-la consurgit_fw-la he_o rise_v up_o to_o revenge_v himself_o of_o his_o adulteress_n nat._n hist._n 8._o 16._o three_o way_n to_o provide_v for_o one_o safety_n against_o he_o that_o have_v injure_v we_o the_o benefit_n that_o accrue_v by_o punishment_n unto_o he_o against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o prevent_v the_o like_a mischief_n either_o by_o the_o same_o person_n or_o by_o other_o gellius_n out_o of_o taurus_n describe_v this_o kind_n of_o punishment_n thus_o when_o the_o authority_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o person_n against_o who_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v be_v to_o be_v uphold_v and_o maintain_v then_o be_v the_o punishment_n necessary_a lest_o if_o it_o go_v unpunished_a that_o authority_n be_v hold_v in_o contempt_n and_o the_o honour_n lose_v now_o what_o be_v there_o say_v concern_v authority_n be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o liberty_n or_o of_o any_o thing_n else_o wherein_o we_o may_v claim_v a_o just_a right_n for_o he_o that_o suffer_v one_o injury_n to_o go_v unpunished_a do_v but_o invite_v another_o wherefore_o tacitus_n concern_v one_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n say_v well_o consuleret_fw-la securitati_fw-la justâ_fw-la ultione_fw-la he_o may_v have_v better_o provide_v for_o his_o own_o safety_n by_o a_o just_a revenge_n now_o to_o the_o end_n that_o a_o man_n may_v secure_v himself_o against_o he_o that_o have_v former_o injure_v he_o there_o be_v three_o mean_n first_o by_o put_v he_o to_o death_n that_o
than_o both_o the_o former_a namely_o that_o thereby_o he_o be_v compel_v by_o the_o law_n against_o his_o will_n to_o do_v good_a in_o a_o matter_n of_o the_o great_a concernment_n to_o a_o person_n who_o he_o hate_v and_o who_o he_o wish_v it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n everlasting_o to_o vex_v and_o torment_v whereas_o the_o servant_n for_o the_o wrong_n he_o have_v suffer_v receive_v this_o double_a comfort_n first_o that_o he_o enjoy_v what_o of_o all_o thing_n he_o most_o desire_n to_o wit_n his_o liberty_n and_o then_o that_o he_o be_v for_o ever_o free_v from_o the_o command_n of_o so_o cruel_a and_o severe_a a_o master_n v._n nor_o to_o impose_v too_o hard_a labour_n upon_o he_o neither_o be_v we_o to_o impose_v upon_o they_o too_o hard_a labour_n without_o regard_n have_v to_o their_o strength_n and_o health_n to_o this_o end_n with_o some_o other_o be_v the_o sabbath_n by_o the_o moysaicall_a law_n institute_v namely_o that_o servant_n as_o well_o as_o beast_n may_v enjoy_v some_o refreshment_n from_o their_o labour_n do_v you_o not_o observe_v say_v seneca_n 47._o seneca_n ep._n 47._o how_o careful_a our_o forefather_n be_v as_o well_o to_o prevent_v all_o occasion_n of_o envy_n to_o master_n as_o of_o reproach_n to_o servant_n when_o they_o style_v the_o lord_n 10.14_o exod._n 20.10.23.14_o deut._n 10.14_o pater_fw-la familias_fw-la the_o father_n of_o the_o family_n and_o his_o servant_n familiares_fw-la his_o familiar_a friend_n so_o in_o another_o place_n he_o bitter_o inveigh_v against_o the_o too_o strict_a exaction_n of_o servant_n labour_n where_o speak_v of_o such_o he_o say_v 107._o ep._n 107._o nos_fw-la non_fw-la tanquam_fw-la hominibus_fw-la sed_fw-la tanquam_fw-la jumentis_fw-la abutimur_fw-la who_o we_o abuse_v not_o as_o man_n but_o as_o beast_n and_o dion_n prusaeensis_n describe_v a_o good_a king_n say_v that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n over_o his_o subject_n be_v freeman_n that_o he_o will_v hardly_o admit_v of_o it_o over_o his_o servant_n ulysses_n in_o homer_n profess_v 1._o od._n 1._o that_o those_o of_o his_o servant_n who_o he_o find_v faithful_a be_v as_o dear_a unto_o he_o as_o his_o own_o son_n telemachus_n gratius_n est_fw-la nomen_fw-la pictatis_fw-la quam_fw-la potestatis_fw-la tertul._n tertul._n much_o more_o graceful_a be_v that_o name_n which_o import_v piety_n than_o power_n and_o better_o it_o be_v to_o be_v call_v the_o father_n than_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o family_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o other_o reason_n say_v lactantius_n 15._o lib._n 5._o c._n 15._o why_o we_o call_v each_o other_o brethren_n but_o because_o we_o believe_v that_o we_o be_v all_o by_o nature_n equal_a for_o since_o we_o esteem_v all_o humane_a thing_n not_o from_o or_o by_o their_o body_n but_o their_o spirit_n though_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o body_n be_v diverse_a yet_o be_v they_o not_o unto_o we_o servant_n but_o we_o both_o esteem_n of_o they_o and_o call_v they_o in_o spirit_n brethren_n but_o in_o religion_n our_o fellow-servant_n eccl._n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la eccl._n thus_o also_o st_n augustin_n concern_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o catholic_n church_n thou_o i._n e._n the_o church_n teach_v servant_n to_o adhere_v to_o their_o master_n not_o as_o press_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n but_o out_o of_o delight_n they_o shall_v take_v in_o do_v their_o duty_n thou_o teach_v master_n in_o imitation_n of_o god_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a lord_n and_o master_n of_o all_o to_o be_v gentle_a and_o merciful_a to_o their_o servant_n and_o to_o be_v always_o more_o propense_a to_o exhort_v and_o admonish_v they_o than_o by_o force_n to_o compel_v they_o to_o do_v their_o duty_n and_o in_o case_n they_o transgress_v rather_o to_o correct_v they_o as_o son_n than_o to_o rage_n and_o tyrannize_v over_o they_o as_o slave_n the_o like_a advice_n do_v st_n hierome_n or_o paulinus_n give_v unto_o celantia_n concern_v servant_n so_o order_n and_o govern_v thy_o house_n as_o though_o thou_o be_v rather_o a_o mother_n than_o a_o master_n in_o it_o and_o invite_v thy_o servant_n to_o reverence_v thou_o not_o by_o thy_o sharpness_n but_o by_o thy_o meekness_n and_o benignity_n 16._o de_fw-fr civit._fw-la dei_fw-la l._n 19_o c._n 16._o and_o st_n augâ—stin_n observe_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n good_a parent_n govern_v their_o family_n in_o this_o order_n as_o to_o temporal_a thing_n the_o condition_n of_o their_o child_n be_v much_o better_a than_o that_o of_o their_o servant_n but_o as_o to_o religious_a duty_n they_o make_v no_o distinction_n but_o servant_n as_o well_o as_o child_n be_v with_o the_o same_o affection_n instruct_v in_o the_o true_a worship_n of_o god_n from_o whence_o every_o master_n be_v call_v pater_fw-la familias_fw-la which_o in_o time_n grow_v so_o common_a that_o even_o they_o that_o lord_v it_o over_o their_o servant_n with_o the_o great_a severity_n will_v not_o willing_o be_v call_v lord_n and_o for_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n be_v servant_n call_v child_n as_o servius_n note_v upon_o that_o of_o virgil_n claudite_fw-la jam_fw-la rivos_fw-la pveri_fw-la etc._n etc._n tacitus_n commend_v the_o german_n that_o they_o make_v the_o same_o account_n of_o their_o servant_n as_o they_o do_v of_o their_o farmer_n or_o tenant_n and_o theano_n in_o a_o epistle_n of_o he_o prescribe_v a_o just_a measure_n for_o servant_n namely_o that_o they_o shall_v neither_o be_v tire_v with_o over_o much_o labour_n nor_o weaken_v through_o want_n or_o poverty_n vi_o the_o stock_n of_o the_o servant_n how_o far_o the_o lord_n and_o how_o far_o his_o own_o to_o servant_n for_o their_o labour_n we_o owe_v aliment_n so_o say_v that_o wise_a son_n of_o syrach_n bread_n correction_n and_o work_n be_v due_a to_o a_o servant_n of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v aristotle_n 5._o aristotle_n oecon._n l._n 5._o the_o reward_n of_o a_o servant_n work_n be_v aliment_n neither_o be_v they_o much_o out_o who_o command_v we_o to_o use_v our_o servant_n as_o we_o do_v mercenary_n operam_fw-la exigendo_fw-la justa_fw-la praebendo_fw-la by_o exact_v their_o work_n and_o withal_o pay_v what_o be_v their_o due_n so_o provide_v for_o thy_o family_n say_v cato_n that_o they_o be_v not_o pine_v through_o hunger_n nor_o starve_v through_o cold_a there_o be_v somewhat_o say_v seneca_n 2._o seneca_n de_fw-fr benef_fw-fr l._n 2._o that_o a_o master_n owe_v unto_o his_o servant_n that_o be_v food_n and_o raiment_n and_o in_o another_o place_n tranquilitate_fw-la place_n idem_fw-la de_fw-la tranquilitate_fw-la familia_fw-la vestiarium_fw-la petit_fw-la victumque_fw-la a_o family_n require_v food_n and_o raiment_n for_o this_o it_o be_v that_o the_o roman_a captive_n plead_v unto_o bessus_n 3._o bessus_n procop._n goth._n 3._o give_v we_o say_v they_o at_o the_o least_o food_n as_o we_o be_v thy_o slave_n not_o as_o much_o as_o suffice_v though_o our_o necessity_n require_v it_o yet_o so_o much_o as_o may_v keep_v we_o alive_a st_n chrysostome_n give_v this_o advice_n to_o the_o master_n of_o a_o family_n 5.2_o family_n in_o eph._n 5.2_o if_o thy_o servant_n perform_v his_o daily_a labour_n for_o thou_o do_v thou_o feed_v he_o and_o beside_o his_o food_n provide_v that_o he_o be_v well_o clad_v and_o well_o shod_a and_o this_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o service_n that_o we_o owe_v unto_o our_o servant_n for_o unless_o thou_o do_v this_o office_n for_o he_o neither_o will_v he_o do_v his_o duty_n to_o thou_o but_o will_v remain_v free_a neque_fw-la ulla_fw-la eum_fw-la lex_fw-la constringit_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la alatur_fw-la operas_fw-la praestare_fw-la for_o there_o be_v no_o law_n to_o enforce_v he_o to_o perform_v his_o duty_n if_o thou_o neglect_v to_o perform_v thou_o the_o proportion_n allow_v to_o every_o captive_n among_o the_o roman_n be_v four_o roman_a bushel_n of_o corn_n for_o every_o month_n 1._o phorm_n act._n 1._o scen_n 1._o every_o such_o bushel_n contain_v of_o our_o measure_n about_o three_o pint_n and_o ten_o ounce_n above_o our_o peck_n as_o donatus_n upon_o terence_n inform_v we_o thus_o also_o martianus_n the_o lawyer_n some_o thing_n there_o be_v which_o of_o necessity_n the_o lord_n must_v do_v for_o his_o servant_n namely_o to_o provide_v for_o he_o meat_n and_o clothing_n 1._o 〈…〉_o 7._o 〈…〉_o 11.1_o lib._n 1._o the_o sicilian_n stand_v condemn_v by_o all_o historian_n for_o their_o cruelty_n in_o famish_v the_o athenian_a captive_n so_o also_o do_v isaacus_n angelus_n for_o the_o like_a cruelty_n to_o the_o sicilian_a captive_n as_o nicetas_n record_v who_o also_o recite_v a_o epistle_n send_v by_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n to_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n concern_v this_o matter_n beside_o seneca_n in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v prove_n that_o servant_n be_v in_o some_o sort_n free_a and_o in_o some_o thing_n able_a to_o oblige_v their_o master_n by_o some_o courtesy_n as_o when_o they_o do_v more_o than_o be_v impose_v on_o
notwithstanding_o the_o child_n do_v natural_o owe_v reverence_n can_v not_o by_o her_o descent_n make_v the_o marriage_n void_a no_o nor_o the_o father_n of_o a_o freeman_n and_o if_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o his_o own_o father_n than_o the_o consent_n of_o both_o father_n and_o grandfather_n be_v require_v to_o the_o son_n marriage_n but_o to_o the_o marriage_n of_o a_o daughter_n the_o grandfather_n consent_n alone_o suffice_v which_o difference_n be_v altogether_o unknown_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v evident_o prove_v that_o they_o arise_v not_o from_o the_o natural_a but_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n we_o find_v in_o sacred_a story_n that_o many_o holy_a man_n and_o much_o more_o ult_n virgin_n not_o to_o choose_v husband_n for_o themselves_o 1_o cor._n 7.36_o lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr abrah_n c._n ult_n woman_n who_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o modesty_n and_o bashfulness_n ought_v especial_o in_o this_o case_n to_o be_v govern_v by_o other_o have_v in_o contract_a marriage_n submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o parent_n non_fw-la est_fw-la virginalis_fw-la pudoris_fw-la eligere_fw-la maritum_fw-la it_o become_v not_o a_o virgin_n modesty_n say_v ambrose_n 2._o ambrose_n grat._n c._n 32._o q._n 2._o to_o choose_v a_o husband_n for_o herself_o and_o yet_o be_v not_o esau_n marriage_n declare_v null_a nor_o his_o child_n hold_v as_o illegitimate_a because_o in_o his_o marriage_n he_o have_v not_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parent_n it_o be_v true_a that_o as_o to_o daughter_n the_o chief_a power_n of_o dispose_v they_o be_v in_o the_o father_n so_o in_o euripides_n hermione_n my_o nuptial_a i_o to_o parent_n care_v alone_o commit_v for_o free_a choice_n therein_o have_v i_o none_o but_o as_o to_o son_n if_o we_o respect_v strict_a and_o natural_a right_n that_o of_o quintilian_n will_v be_v find_v true_a that_o if_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o son_n at_o any_o time_n to_o do_v thing_n otherwise_o unreprovable_a without_o yea_o against_o his_o father_n will_n sure_o that_o liberty_n be_v never_o more_o justifiable_a than_o in_o marriage_n for_o as_o cassiodore_n true_o observe_v durum_fw-la est_fw-la libertatem_fw-la liberam_fw-la non_fw-la habere_fw-la in_o matrimonio_fw-la 4._o lib._n 7._o c._n 4._o unde_fw-la liberi_fw-la procreantur_fw-la to_o be_v debar_v of_o our_o free_a choice_n in_o matrimony_n from_o whence_o our_o child_n shall_v be_v bear_v be_v hard_o 5._o ter._n andr._n act._n 1._o sc_fw-la 5._o nothing_o be_v more_o plain_a than_o that_o a_o son_n in_o his_o marriage_n shall_v please_v himself_o xi_o it_o be_v a_o void_a marriage_n that_o be_v contract_v with_o another_o wife_n or_o husband_n that_o marriage_n that_o be_v contract_v with_o another_o man_n wife_n be_v doubtless_o null_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n unless_o her_o former_a husband_n have_v dismiss_v she_o for_o so_o long_o do_v his_o power_n last_o over_o she_o which_o by_o the_o evangelical_n law_n be_v not_o dissolve_v but_o by_o death_n the_o latter_a marriage_n therefore_o be_v null_a for_o want_v of_o a_o moral_a power_n in_o the_o woman_n to_o dispose_v of_o herself_o which_o be_v lose_v by_o her_o former_a marriage_n do_v vitiate_v all_o those_o subsequent_a effect_n that_o attend_v it_o because_o every_o act_n be_v but_o the_o invade_v of_o another_o right_n so_o likewise_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o same_o law_n a_o marriage_n contract_v with_o the_o husband_n of_o another_o woman_n be_v alike_o void_a by_o reason_n of_o that_o power_n that_o christ_n give_v a_o chaste_a wife_n over_o the_o body_n of_o her_o husband_n xii_o of_o marriage_n between_o kindred_n concern_v marriage_n between_o such_o as_o be_v near_o ally_v or_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n many_o difficult_a question_n arise_v which_o be_v often_o with_o much_o zeal_n and_o animosity_n agitate_a on_o both_o side_n because_o he_o that_o shall_v undertake_v to_o assign_v certain_a and_o natural_a reason_n why_o these_o marriage_n that_o be_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n thus_o forbid_v be_v unlawful_a shall_v experimental_o find_v how_o hard_o nay_o how_o impossible_a it_o be_v to_o effect_v it_o that_o allege_v by_o plutarch_n in_o his_o roman_a question_n by_o st._n augustine_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la by_o philo_n in_o his_o special_a law_n and_o by_o st._n chrysostome_n on_o 1_o cor._n 13.13_o as_o the_o contract_n of_o new_a friend_n and_o the_o strengthen_n ourselves_o with_o new_a alliance_n savour_v more_o of_o policy_n than_o true_a piety_n nor_o be_v they_o of_o that_o force_n and_o energy_n as_o to_o conclude_v the_o contrary_a act_n to_o be_v either_o unlawful_a or_o void_a whereunto_o may_v be_v add_v that_o some_o case_n there_o may_v be_v wherein_o such_o prohibit_v marriage_n may_v be_v more_o profitable_a and_o politic_a than_o other_o politic_a the_o marriage_n of_o kindred_n sometime_o profitable_a and_o politic_a as_o may_v be_v collect_v not_o only_o from_o that_o which_o god_n himself_o in_o his_o law_n give_v to_o the_o jew_n except_v of_o raise_v seed_n to_o a_o decease_a brother_n have_v no_o issue_n but_o from_o that_o also_o of_o a_o virgin_n leave_v by_o her_o father_n as_o sole_a heir_n of_o all_o his_o estate_n who_o by_o the_o grecian_a and_o hebrew_n law_n be_v to_o be_v marry_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o preserve_v the_o name_n and_o estate_n in_o their_o own_o tribe_n and_o family_n and_o from_o many_o such_o like_a case_n which_o do_v or_o may_v occur_v but_o yet_o from_o this_o general_a rule_n why_o incestuous_a marriage_n forbid_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o why_o we_o must_v except_v the_o marriage_n of_o parent_n with_o their_o child_n in_o what_o degree_n soever_o the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v sufficient_o evident_a for_o neither_o can_v the_o husband_n who_o by_o the_o law_n of_o matrimony_n be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o wife_n pay_v that_o respect_n and_o reverence_n that_o nature_n bind_v he_o to_o give_v to_o his_o mother_n nor_o the_o daughter_n to_o her_o father_n for_o though_o she_o be_v subordinate_a to_o her_o husband_n by_o matrimonial_a right_n yet_o do_v her_o marriage_n allow_v she_o so_o great_a a_o familiarity_n with_o her_o husband_n as_o be_v altogether_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o child_n paulus_n the_o lawyer_n be_v in_o the_o right_n when_o have_v saâ—d_v before_o that_o in_o contract_a marriage_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o modesty_n be_v chief_o to_o be_v regard_v he_o add_v that_o it_o be_v against_o modesty_n for_o a_o man_n to_o take_v his_o own_o daughter_n to_o be_v his_o wife_n and_o philo_n in_o his_o special_a law_n condemn_v it_o as_o a_o execrable_a wickedness_n to_o pollute_v the_o bed_n of_o his_o decease_a father_n which_o as_o a_o thing_n sacred_a ought_v not_o to_o be_v touch_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o either_o the_o age_n or_o the_o reverence_n of_o a_o mother_n name_n to_o make_v himself_o both_o son_n and_o husband_n to_o the_o same_o woman_n and_o to_o make_v she_o both_o mother_n and_o wife_n to_o the_o same_o man._n wherefore_o such_o marriage_n be_v doubtless_o not_o illegal_a only_o but_o void_a by_o reason_n of_o something_o that_o be_v vicious_a which_o perpetual_o cleave_v to_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o neither_o be_v that_o argument_n of_o diogenes_n and_o chrysippus_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o cock_n and_o such_o like_a dumb_a creature_n sufficient_a to_o prove_v that_o such_o commixture_n be_v not_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n jâ—â—it_fw-la that_o be_v unlawful_a which_o be_v repugnant_a to_o humane_a nature_n lib._n 2._o contr._n jâ—â—it_fw-la for_o as_o i_o have_v already_o say_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o conclude_v any_o thing_n unlawful_a that_o it_o be_v repugnant_a though_o but_o to_o humane_a nature_n this_o be_v that_o incest_n which_o the_o lawyer_n paulus_n and_o papinian_n write_v to_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n commit_v between_o the_o degree_n ascendent_a and_o descendent_a and_o this_o be_v that_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o as_o xenophon_n note_n be_v no_o less_o a_o law_n because_o it_o be_v contemn_v by_o the_o persian_n mede_n indian_n and_o aethiopian_n for_o which_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o perpetual_a war_n parricide_n fratricide_n as_o philo_n first_o and_o after_o he_o st._n hierome_n observe_v for_o as_o michael_n ephesius_n well_o interpret_v it_o that_o be_v natural_a which_o be_v of_o common_a use_n among_o such_o nation_n as_o be_v uncorrupted_a and_o that_o live_v most_o agreeable_a unto_o nature_n and_o therefore_o hippodamus_n the_o pythagorean_n call_v these_o incestuous_a commixture_n inordinate_a and_o unnatural_a lust_n unbridled_a passion_n and_o abominable_a pleasure_n such_o be_v those_o of_o the_o parthian_n whereof_o lucan_n thus_o complain_v epulis_fw-la vesana_fw-la meroque_fw-la regius_fw-la non_fw-la ullos_fw-la exceptos_fw-la legibus_fw-la horret_fw-la concubitus_fw-la with_o